Pharmaceutical Care Process 2017

Mita Restinia, M.
Farm, Apt
 To understand Care Cycle
 To understand how to make Pharmaceutical Care
Plan
 To know how to apply the PCP
Why do anything?
(identify the problem)
How will you know What do you want

you did it? to do?
(monitor and follow-up) (set goal)
How will you do it?

(develop a care plan)
Source: Rovers J. Des Moines, IA: Drake

3 University College of Pharmacy.
 1. A professional relationship with the patients.
 2. collected, organized, recorded, and
maintained patients medical information
 3. Evaluated patients medical information and
developed drug therapy.
 4. The pharmacist must ensure the patients
understand about their drug plan.
 5. Review, monitoring, and modify therapeutic
plan
Five Key Drug Related Needs of Patients
1. Patients have an appropriate indication
2. Patient’s drug therapy is effective.
3. Patient’s drug therapy is safe
4. Patients can comply with drug therapy
5. Patients have all drug therapies to esolve any

untreated indication.
 1. Measurable
 2. Achievable
 3. Consistent with the pharmacist
responsibilities
 A patient needs help to relieve a
headache or diarrhea
 How would your goal be “measurable”?
 In these cases, goal …. E.g., “patient no

longer complains of intolerable pain.”
 If your care plan is educational in nature,
how do you measure if you have
achieved your goal?
 E.g., “Patient demonstrates

understanding of of……” ……”
 The wording of a goal may depend on your
practice setting.
 E.g., a patient has a HgBA1c of 8.6% due to
non-compliance
 How would the goals of pharmacists working
in a diabetes clinic ?
• Clinic pharmacist can set goal HgBA1c < 7%

• Chain pharmacist can set goal of patient
understanding of need for compliance
 Be sure not to confuse a goal with a plan.
 If a patient is not compliant with therapy,
the goal is NOT to educate the patient
that’’s the plans.
 If a patient has ≥≥1 DTP, it is usually preferable
to solve them one at a time, not all at once.
 Acute problems versus serious

problemsproblems
 #1 priority --DTP is acute and serious
 #2 priority --DTP is acute, but not
seriousserious
 #3 priority --DTP is serious, but not acute
Pharmacist consider patients, their pathophysiology,
social or economic factor, health care system, drug
(pharmacology, therapeutic, chemistry, and dosage form
to identify the best way to resolve the patient’s DRP.
a. Poor Care Plan

b. Additional Research
c. Patients focused intervention
d. Drug focused intervention
e. Do nothing intervention
f. Final steps
 Not all patients require a written PCP.
 Pharmacists must assess their own patients and
identify specific areas on which to focus.
 The pharmacist identify patients with specific
diseases (e.g., asthma, hypertension, diabetes
mellitus, or hypercholesterolemia).
 Ensure understanding
 Lifestyle-related plans
 Monitoring mechanism
 Complex cases
 Final check
Pharmacist should outline their recommendation to
physicians : drug, dose, dosage form, duration of therapy,
appropriate monitoring parameters, who will perform the
monitoring and when
 Patients or pharmacist delivering care plan to

a physicians
 Discussing plans by phone
 Conveying plans in writing
 When to follow up according time of therapeutic
effect, adverse effect, drug interaction, length of time
drug therapy.
 Coordinating with the patients
 Follow up approaches
 Information to gather during follow up
(therapeutic efficacy, safety of drug, drug interaction,
patients compliance, new problem of patints)
 Progress toward goals
Outcomes that will be used to evaluate
the success of the PCP.
Treatment plan must be meaningful,

measurable, and manageable.
Outcomes are specific, measurable

indicators for the goals of treatment.
TERIMA KASIH
If you do not know exactly where you are going, how will
you know when you get there (Steve Marabuli)

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Mita Restinia, M.

How will you know What do you want

How will you do it?

Source: Rovers J. Des Moines, IA: Drake

2. Patient’s drug therapy is effective.

3. Patient’s drug therapy is safe

4. Patients can comply with drug therapy

5. Patients have all drug therapies to esolve any

 In these cases, goal …. E.g., “patient no

 E.g., “Patient demonstrates

• Clinic pharmacist can set goal HgBA1c < 7%

 Acute problems versus serious

a. Poor Care Plan

 Patients or pharmacist delivering care plan to

Treatment plan must be meaningful,

Outcomes are specific, measurable

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