Part Time

GOVERNMENT COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
SALEM 636011.
(An Autonomous Institution Affiliated to Anna University, Chennai)
B. E. (PART TIME)
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

(Accredited by NBA)
CURRICULUM and SYLLABUS

(2016-17 ONWARDS)
GOVERNMENT COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, SALEM – 11
B.E. (PART TIME) ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
REGULATIONS – 2016
CHOICE BASED CREDIT SYSTEM
CURRICULUM
SEMESTER – I
S. Course Course Title Cate Contact Hrs/Wk & Credits
No Code gory Hours L T P C
THEORY
1. 16PTMA10 Mathematics - II BS 3 3 0 0 3
1
2. 16PTCY101 Environmental Science and ES 3 3 0 0 3
Engineering
3. 16PTEC101 Electric Circuit Theory ES 3 3 0 0 3
4. 16PTEC102 Digital Electronics PC 3 3 0 0 3
PRACTICALS
5. 16PTEC103 Electric Circuits and Digital PC 3 0 0 3 2
Electronics laboratory
Total 15 14
SEMESTER – II
THEORY
1. 16PTMA20 Mathematics - III BS 3 3 0 0 3
1
2. 16PTEC201 Engineering Electromagnetics PC 3 3 0 0 3
3. 16PTEC202 Electronic Circuits - I PC 3 3 0 0 3
4. 16PTEC203 Linear Integrated Circuits PC 3 3 0 0 3
PRACTICALS
5. 16PTEC204 Electronic Circuits - I Lab PC 3 0 0 3 2
Total 15 14
SEMESTER – III
THEORY
1. 16PTEC301 Signals and Systems PC 3 3 0 0 3
2. 16PTEC302 Electronic Circuits - II PC 3 3 0 0 3
3. 16PTEC303 Communication Theory PC 3 3 0 0 3
4. 16PTEC304 Transmission Lines and PC 3 3 0 0 3
Waveguides
2
5. 16PTEC305 Electronic Measurements and PC 3 3 0 0 3
Instrumentation
Total 15 15
SEMESTER – IV
THEORY
1. 16PTEC401 Microprocessors and PC 3 3 0 0 3
Microcontrollers
2. 16PTEC402 Digital Signal Processing PC 3 3 0 0 3
3. 16PTEC403 Digital Communication PC 3 3 0 0 3
4. 16PTEC404 Antennas and Wave PC 3 3 0 0 3
Propagation
PRACTICALS
5. 16PTEC405 Microprocessors and PC 3 0 0 3 2
Microcontrollers Lab
Total 15 14
SEMESTER – V
THEORY
1. 16PTEC501 Embedded Systems PC 3 3 0 0 3
2. 16PTEC502 Microwave Engineering PC 3 3 0 0 3
3. Professional Elective - I PE 3 3 0 0 3
4. Professional Elective - II PE 3 3 0 0 3
PRACTICALS
5. 16PTEC503 Communication Systems Lab PC 3 0 0 3 2
Total 15 14
SEMESTER – VI
THEORY
1. 16PTEC601 Optical Communication PC 3 3 0 0 3
2. 16PTEC602 VLSI Design PC 3 3 0 0 3
3. Professional Elective – III PE 3 3 0 0 3
4. Professional Elective – IV PE 3 3 0 0 3
5. Professional Elective – V PE 3 3 0 0 3
Total 15 15
SEMESTER – VII
3
THEORY
1. 16PTEC701 Mobile Communication PC 3 3 0 0 3
2. Professional Elective - VI PE 3 3 0 0 3
3. Professional Elective - VII PE 3 3 0 0 3
PRACTICALS
4. 16PTEC702 Project Work EEC 9 0 0 9 6
Total 18 15
TOTAL NO OF CREDITS: 101
PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVES (PE)
S. Hrs/Wk & Credits

Course
N Course Title
Code L T P C
o.
1. 16PTECE01 Computer Architecture 3 0 0 3
2. 16PTECE02 Advanced Microprocessor 3 0 0 3
3. 16PTECE03 Electromagnetic Interference and
3 0 0 3
Compatibility
4. 16PTECE04 Engineering Acoustics 3 0 0 3
5. 16PTECE05 Advanced Microcontroller 3 0 0 3
6. 16PTECE06 Solid State Electronic Devices 3 0 0 3
7. 16PTECE07 Software Defined Radio 3 0 0 3
8. 16PTECE08 Low Power VLSI Design 3 0 0 3
9. 16PTECE09 Computer Networks 3 0 0 3
10. 16PTECE10 Advanced Digital Signal Processing 3 0 0 3
11. 16PTECE11 Nanoelectronics and Nanotechnology 3 0 0 3
12. 16PTECE12 Advanced Electronic System Design 3 0 0 3
13. 16PTECE13 Radar and Navigational Aids 3 0 0 3
14. 16PTECE14 Computer Hardware and Interfacing 3 0 0 3
15. 16PTECE15 Speech Processing 3 0 0 3
16. 16PTECE16 Virtual Instrumentation 3 0 0 3
17. 16PTECE17 Optoelectronic Devices 3 0 0 3
18. 16PTECE18 Remote Sensing 3 0 0 3
19. 16PTECE19 Internet of Things 3 0 0 3
20. 16PTECE20 Medical Electronics 3 0 0 3
21. 16PTECE21 Satellite Communication 3 0 0 3
22. 16PTECE22 Advanced Display Devices 3 0 0 3
23. 16PTECE23 Digital Image Processing 3 0 0 3
24. 16PTECE24 High Speed Networks 3 0 0 3
25. 16PTECE25 Wireless Networks 3 0 0 3
26. 16PTECE26 Wireless Sensor Networks 3 0 0 3
27. 16PTECE27 Real Time Embedded Systems 3 0 0 3
4
28. 16PTECE28 Artificial Neural Networks 3 0 0 3
29. 16PTECE29 Microwave Integrated Circuits 3 0 0 3
30. 16PTECE30 Telecommunication Switching and
3 0 0 3
Networks
31. 16PTECE31 Mobile Ad-hoc Networks 3 0 0 3
32. 16PTECE32 Telecommunication System Modelling and
3 0 0 3
Simulation
33. 16PTECE33 Micro Electro Mechanical Systems 3 0 0 3
SYLLABUS – PART TIME B.E. (ECE)

SEMESTER – I
16PTMA101 MATHEMATICS –II 3 0 0 3
OBJECTIVES:
 To make the Student acquire sound knowledge of techniques in solving ordinary and
partial differential equations that model engineering problems
 To acquaint the Student with the concepts of vector calculus, needed for solving
engineering problems
 Application areas such as heat conduction, elasticity, fluid/aero dynamics and flow
of electric current are exploded through complex variables theory and integration.
UNIT I ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 9
Higher order linear differential equations with constant coefficients – Method of variation of
parameters – Cauchy’s and Legendre’s linear equations – Simultaneous first order linear
equations with constant coefficients.
UNIT II PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 9
Formation of partial differential equations by elimination of arbitrary constants and arbitrary

functions – Solution of standard types of first order partial differential equations –
Lagrange’s linear equation – Linear partial differential equations of second and higher order
with constant coefficients.
UNIT III VECTOR CALCULAS 9
Gradient, divergence and curl – Directional derivative – Irrotational and solenoidal vector
fields – Vector integration – Statement of Green’s theorem in a plane, Gauss divergence
theorem and Stokes theorem – Simple applications involving cubes and rectangular
parallelopipeds.
UNIT IV ANALYTIC FUNCTIONS 9
Functions of a complex variable – Analytic functions – Necessary conditions, Cauchy –

Riemann equation and sufficient conditions (excluding proofs) – Properties of analytic
function – Harmonic conjugate – construction of analytic functions – Conformal mapping:
w= z+c, cz, 1/z and bilinear transformation.
5
UNIT V COMPLEX INTEGRATION 9
Complex integration – Statement and applications of Cauchy’s integral theorem and

Cauchy’s integral formula – Taylor’s and Laurent’s expansions – Singular points – residues
– Residue theorem – Application of residue theorem to evaluate real integrals over unit
circle and semi-circular contours (excluding poles on boundaries).
TOTAL = 45 PERIODS
OUTCOMES:
On completion of the course, the Students will have
1. Learnt the techniques of solving ordinary and partial differential equations that arise
in engineering problems
2. Familiarity with the concept of vector calculus and vector integration.
3. Acquired the knowledge of Complex variables and its applications.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Grewal. B.S, “Higher Engineering Mathematics”, 43rd Edition, Khanna publications,
Delhi, 2014.
2. P. Kandasamy, K. Thilagavathy and K. Gunavathy, Engineering Mathematics (For I
year B.E., B.Tech), Ninth Edition, S. Chand & Co. Ltd. New Delhi, 2010.
REFERENCES:
1. James Stewart, “Calculus with Early Transcendental Functions”, Cengage Learning,
New Delhi, (2008).
2. Veerarajan T. Engineering mathematics (For semester I and II), 5th Edition, Tata
McGraw Hill Education Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2009.
3. Erwin Kreyszig, “Advanced Engineering mathematics”, 7th Edition, Wiley India, 2007.
4. Jain R.K. and Iyengar S.R.K, “Advanced Engineering mathematics”, 3rd Edition, Narosa
Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., 2007.
16PTCY101 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 3 0 0 3
AIM
To impart a sound knowledge on the principles of environmental degradation due to
pollution involving the different topics required for all engineering branch students.
OBJECTIVES
To make the student conversant with the
 Principles of environmental resources

 Preservation of ecosystem and biodiversity
 Principles of environmental threats and pollution
 Principles of solid waste management
 Environmental issues and ethics
6
UNIT I ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES 9
Forest resources – importance, deforestation – water resources – hydrological cycle
– food resources – effects of modern agriculture, fertilizers, pesticides – mineral resources
–types – mining - environmental effects of extracting and using mineral resources – Land
Resources- Land degradation-soil erosion.
UNIT II ECOSYSTEM AND BIODIVERSITY 9

Environment – biotic and abiotic components – Ecosystem – components – food
chain and food web, tropic levels – energy flow in ecosystem, ecological pyramids –
ecological succession, types – Biodiversity, types, values of biodiversity, hot spots of
biodiversity, threat to biodiversity, endangered and endemic species, conservation of
biodiversity – In-situ and Ex-situ conservation.
UNIT III ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION 9

Air pollution – classification of air pollutants - gaseous, particulates – sources,
effects and control of gaseous pollutants, SOx, NOx, H2S, CO and particulates – control
methods – cyclone separator, electrostatic precipitator, catalytic convertor – Water
pollution – heavy metal ions pollutants – organic pollutants, oxygen demanding wastes,
aerobic and anaerobic decomposition, BOD and COD - experimental determination of BOD
only, treatment of domestic and industrial wastewater – Noise pollution –decibel scale -
sources, effects and control measures.
UNIT IV ENVIRONMENTAL THREATS AND

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT 9
Acid rain, green house effect and global warming, ozone layer depletion, photo
chemical smog, eutrophication, bio amplification – disaster management – origin, effects
and management of earth quake and floods. Solid waste management – solid wastes,
classification, origin, effects – treatment methods – composting, sanitary land filling –
destructive methods – incineration, pyrolysis, reduce, reuse and recycling – e-waste –
sources, effects and disposal
UNIT V SOCIAL ISSUES AND ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS 9

From unsustainable to sustainable development, objectives and ways of achieving –
urban problems related to energy and energy conservation – water conservation and
management, rain water harvesting – waste land reclamation. Environmental ethics –
consumerism – human population, exponential and logistic growth, variation in population
among countries, population explosion, population policy, family welfare programme –
population control methods – HIV and AIDS.
TOTAL PERIODS: 45
TEXT BOOKS
1. Elements of Environmental science and Engineering, P.Meenakshi, Prenitce – Hall of
India, New Delhi, 2009.
2. A Textbook of Environmental Chemistry and Pollution Control: (With Energy, Ecology,
Ethics and Society), Revised Edition, Dr. S.S. Dara, D.D. Mishra Published by S. Chand &
Company Ltd, 2014.
7
REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Introduction to Environmental Engineering and Science, Gilbert M. Masters; Wendell P.
Ela Publisher: Prentice-Hall India, 3rd Edition, 2008.
2. Environmental Science, Eldren D. Enger, Bredley F.Smith, WCD McGraw Hill 14th Edition
2015.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
After successful completion of the course the students should be able to
1. Play an important role in conservation of natural resources for future generation.
2. Paraphrase the importance of ecosystem and biodiversity
3. Analyse the impact of pollution and hazardous waste in a global and social context
4. Understand contemporary issues that result in environmental degradation that would
attempt to provide solutions to overcome the problems.
5. Consider the issues of environment and human population in their professional
undertakings.
16PTEC101 ELECTRIC CIRCUIT THEORY 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVE
To make the students capable of analyzing the electric circuits and networks.
UNIT-I DC AND AC CIRCUITS 9

DC circuits-Circuit elements - Current and voltage sources - Ohm’s and Kirchhoff’s laws –
Resistive circuits - Series and parallel reduction method and analysis- Voltage and current
division-Source transformation-Star delta transformation.
AC circuits - Introduction to alternating quantities – Average and RMS values -Circuits
elements, series and parallel combination of circuit elements - Use of complex notation-
Phasor representation of variables - Steady state solution using phasor algebra
UNIT-II NETWORK ANALYSIS AND THEOREMS WITH DC AND AC SOURCES 9

Mesh and nodal analysis - Matrix method of solving network equations - Superposition
theorem - Thevenin’s and Norton’s theorem - Maximum power transfer theorem - Reciprocity
theorem.
UNIT-III RESONANCE AND COUPLED CIRCUITS 9

Series and parallel resonance - Variation of impedance with frequency- Bandwidth of RLC
circuit – Q factor - Impedance of RLC circuit near resonance - Selectivity – Magnification.
Self inductance – Mutual inductance - Coefficient of coupling - Dot convention - series and
parallel connection - Ideal transformer.
UNIT-IV NETWORK TRANSIENTS 9

Transient concepts-Transient response of simple RL and RC series, RL and RC parallel
circuits-Transient response of RLC series and parallel circuits –solution of RL,RC and RLC
series and parallel circuits for step input using Laplace transform method.
8
UNIT-V TWO PORT NETWORKS 9
One port and Two port networks – Z parameters- Y parameters- h parameters-ABCD
parameters- symmetrical and asymmetrical networks - characteristic impedance -filters
fundamentals-pass band & stop band.
TOTAL PERIODS: 45
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Sudhakar, A. and Shyam Mohan S. P. “Circuits and Network Analysis and Synthesis”,
th
Tata Mcgraw-Hill Publishing C. Ltd, 4 Edition, 2010.
2. M.Arumugam and N. Premkumar, “Electric Circuit Theory”, Khanna publishers, 2006.
REFERENCES:
1. William H. Hayt, Jr., Kemmerly, J. E and Steven M.Durbin, “Engineering Circuits Analysis”,
McGraw-Hill International Editions, 8th Edition, 2012.
2. Umesh Sinha “Transmission Lines and Networks” SathyaPrakashan publication, 2010.
3. Joseph Edminister and Mahmood Nahvi, “Electric Circuits”, Schaum’s Outlines, 6th
Edition, McGraw Hill Education, 2013.
4. John. D. Ryder, “Networks Lines and Fields”- PHI 2nd edition, 2003.
COURSE OUTCOMES
After the successful completion of the course, the students will be able to
CO1: Apply the knowledge of ac and dc parameters in electric circuits
CO2: Analyze the electric circuits using network theorems
CO3: Apply the knowledge of resonance in electric circuits
CO4: Understand and obtain transient and forced response
CO5: Understand the two port network parameters
16PTEC102 DIGITAL ELECTRONICS 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To Introduce Basic Postulates of Boolean Algebra And show The Correlation
Between Expressions
 To Introduce the methods for Simplifying Boolean expressions
 To Outline the formal procedures for the analysis and design of combinational
circuits and sequential circuits
 To introduce the Concept of Memories and programmable logic devices
 To illustrate the concept of synchronous and Asynchronous sequential circuits
UNIT-I NUMBER SYSTEMS AND LOGIC GATES 9 hours

Number Systems - signed Binary numbers - Binary Arithmetic - Binary codes - conversion
from one code to another - Boolean Algebra and Minimization Techniques - Canonical forms
– Conversion between canonical forms – Simplifications of Boolean expressions using
Karnaugh map - LOGIC GATES - Implementations of Logic Functions using gates.
UNIT-II COMBINATIONAL CIRCUITS 9 hours

Design procedure – Adders/Subtractor – Serial adder/ Subtractor - Parallel adder/
Subtractor- BCD adder- Multiplexer/ Demultiplexer - encoder / decoder – code converters.
9
UNIT-III SEQUENTIAL CIRCUIT 9 hours
Design Procedure - Flip flops: SR, JK, T, D and JKMS – Triggering of Flip-flop - Realization of
flip flops – Moore and Mealy – Counters: Asynchronous / Ripple counters – Synchronous
counters – Modulo n counter. Register: shift registers- Universal shift register.
UNIT-IV ASYNCHRONOUS SEQUENTIAL CIRCUITS 9 hours

Design of fundamental mode circuits – primitive state / flow table – Minimization of
primitive state table –state assignment. Problems in Asynchronous Circuits: Cycles – Races
– Hazards. Design of Hazard Free Circuits: Static, Dynamic Hazards elimination.
UNIT-VPLD AND MEMORY DEVICES 9 hours

Classification of memories –RAM organization –ROM organization. Programmable Logic
Devices: Programmable Logic Array (PLA) - Programmable Array Logic (PAL).
Implementation of combinational logic using MUX, ROM, PAL and PLA.
TOTAL: 45 hours
COURSE OUTCOMES
CO1: Represent numerical values in various number systems and perform number
conversions between different number systems.
CO2: Demonstrate the knowledge of operation of logic gates
CO3: Demonstrate the knowledge of operation of basic types of flip-flops, registers, counters,
decoders, encoders, multiplexers, and de-multiplexers.
CO4: Analyze sequential digital circuits.
CO5: Demonstrate knowledge of the nomenclature and technology in the area of memory
devices
TEXT BOOKS:
1. M. Morris Mano, Digital Design, 4.ed.,Pearson Education (Singapore) Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi,
2008
2. R.P.Jain, Modern Digital Electronics, 4th edition, TMH, 2010.
REFERENCES:
1. S. Salivahanan and S. Arivazhagan, Digital Circuits and Design, 2nd ed., Vikas Publishing
House Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi, 2004
2. Charles H.Roth. “Fundamentals of Logic Design”, Thomson Publication Company, 2003.
3. Donald P.Leach and Albert Paul Malvino, Digital Principles and Applications, 5 ed., Tata
McGraw Hill Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi, 2003.
4. John F.Wakerly, Digital Design: Principles and practices, PHI, 2006
16PTEC103 ELECTRIC CIRCUITS AND DIGITAL

ELECTRONICS LABORATORY 0 0 3 2
COURSE OBJECTIVE
The students will be able to verify the network theorems and characteristics of electron
devices.
10
EXPERIMENTS:
1. Verification of KVL and KCL
2. Verification of Thevenin’s and Norton’s Theorems
3. Verification of superposition theorem
4. Verification of Maximum power transfer and reciprocity theorems
5. Frequency response of series and parallel resonance circuits
6. Study of Logic Gates, Study of Flip-Flops using Logic Gates
7. Design and implementation of Multiplexer and De-multiplexer using logic gates and
study of IC74150 and IC 74154
8. Design and implementation of encoder and decoder using logic gates and study of
IC7445 and IC74147
9. Construction and verification of 4 bit ripple counter and Mod-10/Mod-12 Ripple
counters
10. Implementation of SISO, SIPO, PISO and PIPO shift registers using Flip- flops
TOTAL PERIODS: 45
REFERENCES:
1. “Electric Circuits and Digital Electronics Lab Manual” prepared by ECE Department.
2. L.K. Maheshwari, M.M.S. Anand, “Laboratory Manual for Introductory Electronics
Experiments”, New age International (P) Limited Publishers, 1979.
3. Robert L. Boylestad, Louis Nashelsky and Franz Monssen, “Electronic Devices and
Circuit Theory Lab Manual”, Pearson Prentice Hall, 2005.
COURSE OUTCOMES
CO1: Apply the knowledge of Kirchhoff’s laws to electric circuits
CO2: Verify the network theorems practically
CO3: Understand the frequency response of resonant circuits
CO4: Design and Construct combinational and sequential logic circuits
SEMESTER - II
16PTMA201 MATHEMATICS - III 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 The objective is to impact analytical skills in the areas of boundary value problems
and transform techniques.
 It will be necessary for their effective studies in a large number of engineering
subjects like heat conduction, communication systems, electro-optics and
11
electromagnetic theory.
 It will also serve as a prerequisite for post graduate and specialized studies and
research.
UNIT I FOURIER SERIES 9

Drichlet’s conditions – General Fourier series – Odd and even functions – Half range sine
series – Half range cosine series – Parseval’s Identity – Harmonic Analysis.
UNIT II BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS 9

Classification of second order quasi linear partial differential equations – Solutions of one
dimensional wave equation – One dimensional heat equation – Steady state solution of two
-dimensional heat equation (Insulated edges excluded) – Fourier series solutions in
Cartesian coordinates.
UNIT III LAPLACE TRANSFORM 9

Laplace Transform- Conditions for existence – Transform of elementary functions – Basic
Properties – Transform of derivatives and integrals – Initial and Final value theorems-
Transform of periodic Functions – Inverse Laplace Transform- solutions of linear ODE of
second order with constant coefficients using Laplace transformation techniques-
statement and application of convolution theorem
UNIT IV FOURIER TRANSFORM 9

Statement of Fourier integral theorem – Fourier transform pair – Sine and
Cosine transforms – Properties – Transforms of simple functions – Convolution theorem -
Parseval’s Identity
UNIT V Z -TRANSFORM AND DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS 9

Z-transform of simple functions and properties – Inverse Z – transform –initial and final
value theorems- Convolution theorem -Formation of difference equations – Solution of
difference equations using Z – transform technique.
TOTAL: 45 HOURS
COURSE OUTCOMES
On completion of the course, the students will able to
CO1: Acquire the knowledge of Fourier series
CO2: Learn the techniques of solving boundary value problems
CO3: Familiarize with the transform techniques.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Veerarajan T, ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS (For Semester III ) , 3rd Edition, Tata
McGraw Hill Education Pvt. Ltd. , New Delhi, 2009.
2. P.Kandasamy, K.Thilagavathy and K.Gunavathy, “Engineering Mathematics, Volume
III”, S. Chand & Company ltd., New Delhi, 1996.
REFERENCES:
1. Grewal, B.S., “Higher Engineering Mathematics”, 43rd Edition, Khanna Publishers, Delhi,
2014.
2. Wylie C. Ray and Barrett Louis, C., “Advanced Engineering Mathematics”, Sixth Edition,
McGraw-Hill, Inc., New York, 1995.
3. Andrews, L.A., and Shivamoggi B.K., “Integral Transforms for Engineers and Applied
Mathematicians”, MacMillan, New York, 1988.
4. Narayanan, S., Manicavachagom Pillai, T.K. and Ramaniah, G., “Advanced
Mathematics for Engineering Students”, Volumes II and III, S. Viswanathan (Printers
12
and Publishers) Pvt. Ltd. Chennai, 2002.
16PTEC201 ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To Gain basic knowledge of static electric and magnetic field principles and related
laws governing them
 To derive wave equations for Electromagnetic wave propagation in free space and
media
 To gain knowledge about cavity resonators and waveguide components
UNIT- I STATIC ELECTRIC FIELDS 9 hours

Coulomb’s Law– Definition of Electric Field Intensity – Electric Field due to discrete charges,
continuous charge distribution, charges distributed uniformly on an infinite and finite line –
Electric Field on the axis of a uniformly charged circular disc. Electric Scalar Potential –
Relationship between potential and electric field - Potential due to infinite uniformly charged
line - Electric Flux Density – Gauss Law
UNIT- II STATIC MAGNETIC FIELD 9 hours

The Biot-Savart Law – Magnetic Field intensity due to a finite and infinite wire carrying a
current I – Magnetic field intensity on the axis of a circular and rectangular loop carrying a
current I – Ampere’s circuital law and simple applications.
Magnetic flux density – The Lorentz force equation for a moving charge and applications –
Force on a wire carrying a current I placed in a magnetic field – Torque on a loop carrying a
current I – Magnetic moment – Magnetic Vector Potential.
UNIT –III ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC FIELDS IN MATERIALS 9 hours

Nature of dielectric materials- Definition of Capacitance – Capacitance of various
geometries– Electrostatic energy and energy density – Boundary conditions for electric
fields – point form of ohm’s law – continuity equation for current. Definition of Inductance –
Inductance of loops and solenoids – Definition of mutual inductance – simple examples.
Energy density in magnetic fields – magnetic boundary conditions.
UNIT –IV TIME VARYING ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC FIELDS 9 hours

Faraday’s law – Maxwell’s Second Equation in integral form from Faraday’s Law – Equation
expressed in point form. Displacement current – Ampere’s circuital law in integral form –
Modified form of Ampere’s circuital law as Maxwell’s first equation in integral form –
Equation expressed in point form. Maxwell’s four equations in integral form and differential
form. Poynting Vector and the flow of power – Instantaneous Average and Complex
Poynting Vector.
UNIT -V ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES 9 hours

Derivation of wave equation – uniform plane waves – Maxwell’s equation in phasor form –
wave equation in phasor form – plane waves in free space and in a homogenous material-
Wave equation for a conducting medium – Plane waves in lossy dielectrics – Propagation in
good conductors – Skin effect-Linear, Elliptical and circular polarization – Reflection of
Plane Wave from a conductor – normal incidence - Brewster angle.
TOTAL: 45 hours
COURSE OUTCOMES
After the successful completion of the course, the students will have
CO1: Basic knowledge of static electric field principles and related laws
CO2: Basic knowledge of static Magnetic field principles and related laws
13
CO3: Understand the fundamental nature of static electric fields, steady current, resistance,
capacitance, inductance, stored energy, materials, and boundary conditions. Ability to derive
wave equations for electromagnetic wave propagation in free space and media
CO4: Understand Faraday’s law of induction, electromagnetic fields, Maxwell’s equations,
boundary conditions, wave equations and Poynting theorem.
CO5: Understand principles of propagation of uniform plane waves.
TEXTBOOKS:
1. William H.Hayt & John Buck : “Engineering Electromagnetics” Tata McGraw-Hill 2006.
2. Joseph Edminister, Schaum's Outline of Electromagnetics, Tata McGraw Hill, 2013
REFERENCES:
1. Ramo, Whinnery and Van Duzer: “Fields and Waves in Communications Electronics” 3rd
edition John Wiley 2003
th
2. Narayana Rao, N : “Elements of Engineering Electromagnetics” 4 edition, Prentice Hall
of India, New Delhi, 1998.
3. G.S.N.Raju, ”Electromagnetic Fields”, Pearson Education,2012
4. K.A. Gangadar and P.M. Ramanathan, “Field Theory” 15th Ed., Khanna Publications 2002.
16PTEC202 ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS - I 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To make the students understand the concept of simple electronic circuits and
analyze their frequency response characteristics.
UNIT- I BIASING TECHNIQUES 9 hours

BJT – Need for biasing - Fixed bias circuit, Load line and quiescent point. Variation of
quiescent point due to hFE variation within manufacturer’s tolerance. Stability factors.
Different types of biasing circuits. Method of stabilizing the Q point to the extent possible.
Advantage of Self bias (voltage divider bias) over other types of biasing. Use of Self bias
circuit as a constant current circuit. Source self-bias and voltage divider bias for FET. Use of
JFET as a voltage variable resistor.
UNIT-II MIDBAND ANALYSIS OF SMALL SIGNAL AMPLIFIERS 9 hours

CE, CB and CC amplifiers. Method of drawing small-signal equivalent circuit. Midband
analysis of various types of single stage amplifiers to obtain gain, input impedance and
output impedance. Miller’s theorem. Comparison of CB, CE and CC amplifiers and their uses.
Darlington connection using similar and Complementary transistors. Methods of increasing
input impedance using Darlington connection and bootstrapping. CS, CG and CD (FET)
amplifiers. Multistage amplifiers-Basic emitter coupled differential amplifier circuit.
Bisection theorem. Differential gain. CMRR. Use of constant current circuit to improve CMRR.
Derivation of transfer characteristics.
UNIT-III FREQUENCY RESPONSE OF AMPLIFIERS 9 hours

General shape of frequency response of amplifiers. Definition of cut off frequencies and
bandwidth. Low frequency & High frequency analysis of amplifiers -Hybrid – pi equivalent
circuit of BJTs.-High frequency equivalent circuit of FETs. Gain-bandwidth product of FETs.
General expression for frequency response of multistage amplifiers. Calculation of overall
upper and lower cut off frequencies of multistage amplifiers. Amplifier rise time and sag
time and their relation to cut off frequencies.
UNIT-IV LARGE SIGNAL AMPLIFIERS 9 hours
14
Classification of amplifiers (Class A, B, AB, C&D), Efficiency of class A, RC coupled and
transformer-coupled power amplifiers. Class B complementary-symmetry, push-pull power
amplifiers. Calculation of power output, efficiency and power dissipation. Crossover
distortion and methods of eliminating it- Amplifier classes C to H - Heat flow calculations
using analogous circuit. Calculation of actual power handling capacity of transistors with
and without heat sink. Heat sink design.
UNIT-VRECTIFIERS AND POWER SUPPLIES 9 hours

Half-wave, full-wave and bridge rectifiers with resistive load. Analysis for Vdc and ripple
voltage with C, CL, L-C and C-L-C filters. Voltage multipliers, Voltage Regulators – Zener
diode regulator. Switched Mode Power Supply (SMPS). Power Control using SCR.
TOTAL: 45 hours
COURSE OUTCOMES
CO1: Design the biasing circuits for transistors
CO2: Understand the small signal amplifier circuits
CO3: Analyze the frequency response characteristics of amplifiers
CO4: Design power amplifiers and heat sinks
CO5: Analyze the rectifiers and regulated circuits
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Millman J. and Halkias .C., " Integrated Electronics ", Tata McGraw-Hill, 2009
2. Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky, “Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory 11th Ed.”,
PHI, 2013
REFERENCES:
1. S.Salivahanan, N.Sureshkumar, “Electronic Devices and Circuits”, TMH, 2012.
2. Floyd, “Electronic Devices”, 9th edition, Pearson Education, 2012.
3. I.J. Nagrath, “Electronics – Analog and Digital”, PHI, 2013.
4. Schilling and Belove, "Electronic Circuits", TMH, Third Edition, 2008.
16PTEC203 LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUITS 30 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To illustrate to the students about the working principle of linear ICs and operational
amplifiers. To enhance their problem solving capability.
 To learn the theory of ADC and DAC.
 To introduce the concepts special function ICs.
UNIT-I CIRCUIT CONFIGURATION FOR LINEAR ICs 9 hours

Current sources, Analysis of difference amplifier, difference and common mode gain, CMRR,
Monolithic IC operational amplifiers, specifications, DC characteristics of OP-AMP,
frequency response, frequency compensation, slew rate.
UNIT-II APPLICATIONS OF OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS 9 hours

Inverting and Non inverting amplifiers, differentiator, integrator, voltage to current converter,
instrumentation amplifier, sine wave oscillator, low-pass, high pass and band-pass filters,
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comparator, multi-vibrators and schmitt trigger, triangular wave generator, precision rectifier,
log and antilog amplifiers.
UNIT-III TIMER AND PLL 9 hours

Astable and monostable multivibrators using IC 555 timer , applications of IC555 timer in
astable mode and monostable mode, voltage controlled oscillator, PLL –basic principle-
analog and digital phase detector, PLL applications, frequency multiplication and translation,
AM detector, FM demodulator, FSK modulators and demodulators, frequency synthesizers.
UNIT-IV ANALOG TO DIGITAL AND DIGITAL TO ANALOG CONVERTERS

9 hours
Analog switches, High speed sample and hold circuits, Types of D/A converter, Current
driven DAC, Switches for DAC, A/D converter- Flash, Single slope, Dual slope, Successive
approximation, Delta Sigma Modulation, ADC/DAC specifications.
UNIT V SPECIAL FUNCTION ICs 9 hours

Voltage regulators- IC voltage regulators , IC723 general purpose regulator , switching
regulator, switched capacitor filter, voltage to frequency and frequency to voltage converters,
power amplifier – monolithic power amplifier LM380.
TOTAL: 45 hours
COURSE OUTCOMES
CO1: Analyze the basic operation of various ICs and evaluate its circuit performance
practically
CO2: Demonstrate and design a particular OP-Amp circuit for the specification provided
CO3: Study analog multipliers and apply the concept of PLL
CO4: Study the application and types of ADC and DAC
CO5: Suggest and decide particular circuit for a given application
TEXT BOOKS:
1. D.Roy Choudhry, Shail Jain, “Linear Integrated Circuits”, New Age International Pvt.
Ltd., 2011.
2. Ramakant A.Gayakwad, ‘OP-AMP and Linear IC’s’, Prentice Hall, 2012.
REFERENCES:
1. J.Michael Jacob, ‘Applications and Design with Analog Integrated Circuits’, Prentice
Hall of India, 1996.
2. K.R.Botkar, ‘Integrated Circuits’, 10th edition, Khanna Publishers, 2010.
3. Taub and Schilling, Digital Integrated Electronics, McGraw-Hill, 1997.
4. Sonde,B.S.”Introduction to system design using Integrated Circuits”, Wiley Eastern
Limited, 2013.
16PTEC204 ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS-I LAB 0 0 3 2
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 The course intends to provide an insight into the design and analysis of amplifiers,
filters and regulators.
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
1. Measurement of ripple factor of Rectifiers with and without capacitor filter.
2. Frequency response of BJT Amplifier using voltage divider bias (self bias) with and
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without emitter bypass capacitor.
3. Frequency response of Darlington amplifier
4. Frequency response of Source follower with Bootstrapped gate resistance.
5. Measurement of CMRR of Differential amplifier using BJT.
6. Determination of efficiency of Class A power amplifier.
7. Observation of the output of Class B Complementary symmetry power amplifier with
and without crossover distortion.
8. Design of basic Circuits using Op-amp 741.
9. Active Lowpass, Highpass and Band pass filter using Op-amp 741.
10. Astable, Monostable multivibrators and Schmitt Trigger using op-amp.
11. Phase shift and Wien bridge oscillator using op-amp.
12. High voltage regulator using LM723.
TOTAL: 45 hours
COURSE OUTCOMES
CO1: Analyze the ripple factor in rectifiers
CO2: Differentiate the frequency response of single stage and multi stage amplifiers
CO3: Understand the concept of high input impedance circuits
CO4: Measure CMRR of Differential amplifiers
CO5: Understand the concept of power amplifiers
CO6: Compare various types of filters
CO7: Design circuits using operational amplifiers
REFERENCES:
1. “Electronic Circuits – I Lab Manual” prepared by ECE Department.
2. S.Poorna Chandra, B.Sasikala, “Electronics Laboratory Primer”, S.Chand & Company
Ltd, 2010.
3. L.K. Maheshwari, M.M.S. Anand, “Laboratory Manual for Introductory Electronics
Experiments”, New age International (P) Limited Publishers, 2010.
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16PTEC301 SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To introduce the students, the fundamental concepts and mathematical techniques
for analyzing continuous-time and discrete-time signals and systems both in time
and frequency domain.
UNIT-I REPRESENTATION OF SIGNALS 9 hours

Representation of Discrete Time Signals- Elementary signals –Basic operations on
signals- Classification of signals.
Determination of Fourier series representation of continuous time and discrete time
periodic signals: trigonometric form of Fourier series- wave symmetry- exponential Fourier
series - properties of continuous time and discrete time Fourier series.
UNIT-II ANALYSIS OF CONTINUOUS TIME SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS 9 hours

Fourier Transform: Fourier Transform of standard signals - properties of continuous
time Fourier Transform – Fourier Transform of a periodic signal.
Laplace Transform: Region of Convergence – relationship between Fourier
Transform and Laplace Transform – unilateral Laplace Transform of signals - properties of
Laplace Transform – inverse Laplace transform.
Linear time invariant system: properties of LTI system - Computation of impulse
response and transfer function using Laplace transform.
UNIT-III SAMPLING THEOREM AND Z-TRANSFORMS 9 hours

Representation of continuous time signals by its sample - Sampling theorem –
Nyquist rate of sampling – effects of undersampling (aliasing) – sampling techniques - Data
Reconstruction - sampling of band pass signals.
Basic principles of z-transform - Relationship between z-transform and Fourier
transform - z-transform for discrete time signals – region of convergence – properties of
ROC – Properties of z-transform - Poles and Zeros. Inverse z-transform: Power Series
expansion or long division method - Partial fraction expansion.
UNIT-IV ANALYSIS OF DISCRETE TIME SYSTEMS 9 hours

Computation of Impulse response & Transfer function using Z Transform –LTI-DT
systems - Characterization using difference equation – Block diagram representation –
Properties of convolution and the interconnection of LTI Systems – Causality and stability of
LTI Systems.
UNIT-V SYSTEMS WITH FINITE AND INFINITE DURATION IMPULSE RESPONSE

9 hours
Systems with finite duration and infinite duration impulse response -– realization
structures – direct form I, direct form – II, cascade and parallel forms.
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TOTAL:45 hours
COURSE OUTCOMES
Upon completion of the course, students will be able to
CO1: Gain basic knowledge on the representation of continuous and discrete time signals.
CO2: Analyze and synthesize both continuous time and discrete time signal using Fourier
series and Fourier transform
CO3: Study the sampling process and analysis of discrete systems using z-transforms
CO4: Analyze discrete time systems using Z- transform
CO5: Understand the concept of sampling and reconstruction of continuous time signals
TEXT BOOKS:
1. A. Anand Kumar, “Signals and Systems, 2nd ed., PHI Learning Private Limited, 2012
2. AlanV.Oppenheim, Alan S.Willsky with S.Hamid Nawab, “Signals & Systems, 2nd ed.,”
Pearson Education, 2011
REFERENCES:
1. Simon Haykin and Barry Van Veen, “Signals and Systems”, John Wiley, 1999
2. K.Lindner, “Signals and Systems”, McGraw Hill International, 1999.
3. Moman .H. Hays, “Digital Signal Processing”, Schaum’s outlines, Tata McGraw Hill Co
Ltd., 2004.
4. A. Nagoor kani, Digital signal processing, Mc Graw Hill Education, 2nd edition, 2012.
16PTEC302 ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS II 3 1 0 4
COURSE OBJECTIVIES:
 The advantages and method of analysis of feedback amplifiers

 Analysis and design of LC and RC oscillators, tuned amplifiers, wave shaping
circuits, multivibrators, blocking oscillators and time base generators.
UNIT-I FEEDBACK AMPLIFIERS 9 hours

Block diagram. Loop gain. Gain with feedback. Desensitivity of gain. Distortion and cut off
frequencies with feedback. The four basic feedback topologies and the type of gain
stabilized by each type of feedback. Input and Output resistances with feedback. Method of
identifying feedback topology, feedback factor and basic amplifier configuration with loading
effect of feedback network taken into account. Analysis of feedback amplifiers.
UNIT-II OSCILLATORS 9 hours
Barkhausen Criterion. Mechanism for start of oscillation and stabilization of amplitude.
Analysis of Oscillator using Cascade connection of one RC and one CR filters. RC phase shift
Oscillator. Wienbridge Oscillator and twin-T Oscillators. Analysis of LC Oscillators, Colpitts,
Hartley, Clapp, Miller and Pierce oscillators. Frequency range of RC and LC Oscillators.
UNIT-III TUNED AMPLIFIERS 9 hours
Coil losses, unloaded and loaded Q of tank circuits. Analysis of single tuned and
synchronously tuned amplifiers. Instability of tuned amplifiers. Stabilization techniques.
Narrow band neutralization using coil. Broad banding using Hazeltine neutralization. Class C
tuned amplifiers and their applications. Efficiency of Class C tuned Amplifier.
UNIT-IV WAVE SHAPING AND MULTIVIBRATOR CIRCUITS 9 hours
RL & RC Integrator and Differentiator circuits. Diode clippers, clampers and slicers. Collector
19
coupled and Emitter coupled Astable multivibrator. Monostable multivibrator. Bistable
multivibrators. Triggering methods. Storage delay and calculation of switching times. Speed
up capacitors. Schmitt trigger circuit.
UNIT-V BLOCKING OSCILLATORS AND TIMEBASE GENERATORS 9 hours
Monostable and Astable Blocking Oscillators using Emitter and base timing. Frequency
control using core saturation. Pushpull operation of Astable blocking oscillator i.e., inverters.
UJT sawtooth generators. Linearization using constant current circuit. Bootstrap and Miller
saw-tooth generators. Current time base generators.
TUTORIAL: 15 hours
TOTAL : 60 hours
COURSE OUTCOME
CO1: Analysis and design of feedback amplifiers.
CO2: Analysis and design of oscillators
CO3: Analysis and design of Tuned Amplifiers
CO4: Analysis and design of feedback amplifiers, oscillators, tuned amplifiers, wave
shaping circuits, multivibrators and blocking oscillators.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Donald Schilling, Charles Belove, Tuvia Apelewicz, Raymond Saccardi,
ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS: DISCRETEANDINTEGRATED", TMH, Third Edition, 2002
2. B.Visvesvara Rao, k.Raja Rajeswari, P.Chalam Raju Pantulu, K.Bhaskara Rama Murthy,
“Electronic Circuits-II”, Pearson Education,2012
REFERENCES:
1. Millman J. and Taub H., "Pulse Digital and Switching waveform", 3rd edn., McGraw-Hill
International , 2011
2. Sedra / Smith, “Micro Electronic Circuits” Oxford university Press, 2004.
3. David A. Bell, " Solid State Pulse Circuits ", Prentice Hall of India, 1992.
4. Millman and Halkias. C., “Integrated Electronics”, Tata McGraw-Hill 1991.
5. Robert L. Boylestead and Louis Nasheresky, 8th edn., PHI, 2002.
16PTEC303 COMMUNICATION THEORY 3003
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To introduce the concepts of various analog modulations and demodulation
techniques.
 To understand the sources of noise and its effects in Communication systems
 To analyze the performance of receiver in the presence of noise
 To study the limits set by Information Theory.
UNIT-I AMPLITUDE MODULATION 12 hours

Introduction-Amplitude Modulation-Switching modulator-Envelope detector- Virtues,
Limitations and modifications of Amplitude Modulation-Coherent Detection-Costas Receiver
-Vestigial sideband modulation-Frequnecy Division Multiplexing- comparison of amplitude
modulation systems.
UNIT-II ANGLE MODULATION 12 hours
20
Introduction-Angle modulation- Phase and Frequency modulation-Frequency modulation:
Narrowband FM - Transmission bandwidth of FM signals, Generation of FM signal – Direct
FM -Demodulation of FM signals - FM stereo multiplexing, PLL – Nonlinear model and linear
model of PLL.
UNIT-III NOISE PERFORMANCE OF DSB, SSB RECEIVERS 12 hours

Introduction- Noise: Shot Noise- Partition Noise-Low frequency or Flicker Noise-Thermal or
Johnson Noise-High frequency or Transit Time noise- White Noise- Noise Equivalent
Bandwidth- Noise temperature- Noise figure- Narrowband Noise- Representation of
Narrowband Noise in terms of envelope and phase components- Sine wave Plus
Narrowband Noise.
UNIT-IV NOISE PERFORMANCE OF AM AND FM RECEIVERS 12 hours

Introduction- Receiver Model- Noise in DSB-SC Receiver-Noise in SSB Receiver -Noise in AM
receivers- Noise in FM receivers-Pre-emphasis and De-emphasis in FM- comparison of
performance of AM and FM systems.
UNIT-VINFORMATION THEORY 12 hours
Introduction-Uncertainty, Information and entropy-Source coding theorem-Data compaction-
Discrete memory less channel -Mutual information - Channel Capacity-Channel coding
theorem-Information capacity theorem-Shannon’s Theorem-Shannon-Hartley Theorem-
Huffman and Shannon-Fano codes.
TOTAL: 60 hours
COURSE OUTCOMES
Upon completion of this course the student will have,

CO1: Knowledge on designing AM and FM communication systems
CO2: Exposure to the sources of noise and its effects in Communication systems
CO 3: Ability to analyze the performance of receiver in the presence of noise.
CO 4: Ability to measure the capacity of a channel.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Simon Haykin, Communication Systems, International Student Version, 5th Edition
John Wiley & sons, NY, 2010.
2. Dr.Sanjay Sharma,”Communication Systems(Analog and Digital),S.K.Kataria
&Sons,6th Reprint,2013.
REFERENCES:
1. Taub and Schilling, Principles of communication systems, TMH, New Delhi, 2008.
2. Roddy and Coolen, Electronic communication, PHI, New Delhi, 4th Edition, 2003.
1. R.P. Singh & S.D.Spare, “Communication Systems, Analog & Digital”,Tata Mc Graw
Hill, 1995.
3. Anokh singh, Principles of Communication Engineering, S. Chand & Company Ltd.
2006.
16PTEC304 TRANSMISSION LINES AND WAVEGUIDES 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To introduce the various types of transmission lines and to discuss the losses
associated.
 To give thorough understanding about impedance transformation and matching.
 To compute various parameters for loaded transmission lines using Smith chart and
21
acquire knowledge of stub matching in Transmission Lines
 To impart knowledge on guided waves, rectangular and circular waveguides and
waveguide resonators
UNIT – I TRANSMISSION LINE THEORY 9 hours

Introduction to Different types of transmission lines – Definition of Characteristic
impedance & Propagation Constant – The line of cascaded T-Sections - General Solution of
the transmission line – physical significance of the equation and the infinite line – Input &
Transfer impedance-open and short circuited lines -wavelength and velocity of propagation -
Waveform distortion – distortion less transmission line – The telephone cable – Inductance
loading of telephone cables - Reflection on a line not terminated by Zo – Reflection
coefficient –Reflection factor and reflection loss.
UNIT – II THE LINE AT RADIO FREQUENCIES 9 hours
Voltages and currents on the dissipation less lines – Input impedance of the dissipation less
line –parameters of open wire line and co-axial line at high frequencies- Input impedance of
open and short circuited line – Reflection losses - Standing waves and standing wave ratio
on a line – λ/8 line – λ/4 line and impedance matching – λ/2 line- Relation between VSWR
and reflection co-efficient– The Smith Chart – Applications of the Smith Chart -Solutions of
problems using Smith chart – single stub matching.
UNIT – III GUIDED WAVES 9 hours
Waves between parallel planes of perfect conductors – Transverse electric waves -
transverse magnetic waves – characteristics of TE and TM Waves – Transverse
Electromagnetic waves, properties of TEM wave – Velocities of propagation – Wave
impedances.
UNIT – IV RECTANGULAR WAVEGUIDES 9

hours
Transverse Magnetic Waves in Rectangular Wave guides – Transverse Electric Waves in
Rectangular Waveguides – characteristic of TE and TM Waves – Cutoff wavelength and
phase velocity – Impossibility of TEM waves in waveguides – Dominant mode in rectangular
waveguide –Wave impedances – characteristic impedance – Excitation of modes.
UNIT – V CIRCULAR WAVE GUIDES AND RESONATORS 9 hours

Bessel functions – Solution of field equations in cylindrical co-ordinates – TM and TE waves
in circular guides – wave impedances and characteristic impedance – Dominant mode in
circular waveguide – excitation of modes – Microwave cavities, Rectangular cavity
resonators, circular cavity resonator.
TOTAL: 45 hours
COURSE OUTCOMES
Upon completion of this course the student will have
CO 1: Ability to discuss the propagation of signals through transmission lines.
CO 2: Ability to analyze distortion less line and the effects of loading
CO 3: Ability to compute various parameters for loaded transmission lines using Smith chart
and acquire knowledge of stub matching in Transmission Lines
CO 4: Ability to explain radio propagation in guided systems
CO 5: Ability to utilize cavity resonators
TEXT BOOKS:
1. J.D.Ryder “Networks, Lines and Fields”, PHI, New Delhi, 2006.
2. E.C. Jordan and K.G.Balmain “Electro Magnetic Waves and Radiating System, PHI, New
Delhi, 2010.
22
REFERENCES:
1. Umesh Sinha “Tranmission Lines & Networks” Sathya Prakashan publication, 2002
2. Annapurna Das and Sisir K.Das: Microwave Engineering – TMH, 2000
3. David M.Pozar: Microwave Engineering – 2nd Edition – John Wiley, 2000
4. David K.Cheng, Field and Waves in Electromagnetism, Pearson Education, 1989.
16PTEC305 ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENTS AND INSTRUMENTATION 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES
To enable students to,
 Know the basic measurement concepts, units, standards, various types of meters
and errors.
 Understand the concept of various signal generators and analyzers.
 Know the concept of display devices and measuring techniques.
 Measure the value of the unknown components using bridges.
 Provide an overview of modern measurement techniques.
UNIT I BASIC MEASUREMENTS CONCEPT 9 hours
Introduction-Performance characteristics of instruments-Static characteristics:Accuracy,
Resolution, Precision, Expected value- Types of Error: Gross Errors, Systematic Error,
Random Error, Limiting errors(Quantitative analysis)- DC Ammeters- DC Voltmeters-
Multirange –Ohm meter: series Type ,Shunt Type- Multimeter for Voltage, Current and
resistance measurements.
UNIT II SIGNAL GENERATOR 9 hours

Introduction-Signal Generation- Sine wave generator-Frequency Synthesized Generator-
Frequency divider generator-Sweep Frequency Generator-Pulse and square wave generator-
Function Generators.
UNIT III OSCILLOSCOPE MEASUREMENTS 9 hours

Introduction-Principle of oscilloscope –Oscilloscope block diagram- Multiple Trace-
Horizontal Deflection system-Oscilloscope techniques-Special Oscilloscopes: storage
oscilloscope, sampling oscilloscope, digital storage oscilloscope- MSO - Measurement of
amplitude and frequency - standard specifications of CRO, probes for CRO: Active & Passive,
attenuator type.
UNIT IV BRIDGE MEASUREMENT 9 hours

Introduction- Wheatstone bridge-Kelvin Bridge-Guarded Wheatstone Bridge- AC Bridges and
their Applications- Maxwell’s bridge-Hay Bridge-Schering Bridge-Unbalance Conditions-Wein
Bridge- Errors and precautions in using bridges.
UNIT V TRANSDUCER & DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEMS 9 hours

Transducers- Classification-Selecting a transducer- Strain gauges, Displacement
Transducers: LVDT, Piezo Electric transducers-Temperature Measurements:Resistance
Thermometers, Thermocouples, Thermistors, Sensistors-Photosensitive Devices- optical
and digital transducers- Data acquisition systems:Digital data acquisition system.
TOTAL: 45 hours
COURSE OUTCOMES
Upon successful completion of this course, the student will be able to,
CO1: Identify electronics/ electrical instruments, their use, errors associated
with the instruments and how to minimize such errors.
CO2: Effectively use the signal generators and analyzers in the laboratory.
CO3: Have the idea and knowledge of available oscilloscopes and the working and
advantages of storage oscilloscope.
CO4: Design and find the unknown elements in the measuring bridges.
CO5: Select the elements for the particular measurements depending on the available
23
signals.
TEXTBOOKS:
1. Albert D.Helfrick and William D. Cooper, Modern Electronic Instrumentation and
Measurement Techniques, PHI, 5th Edition, 2011.
2. H.S.Kalsi Electronic instrumentation, second edition, Tata McGraw Hill, 2004.
REFERENCES:
nd
1. David A. Bell, Electronic Instrumentation & Measurements, PHI, 2 Ed, 2003.
2. Robert A.Witte, Electronic Test Instruments, Analog and Digital Measurements - Pearson
Education, 2nd Ed., 2004.
3. K. Lal Kishore, Electronic Measurements & Instrumentations, Pearson Education - 2005.
4. E.O. Doebelin, ‘Measurement Systems – Application and Design’, TMH 2003.
16PTEC401 MICROPROCESSORS AND MICROCONTROLLERS 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To understand the 16 bit microprocessor architecture and peripheral interfacing
techniques. To make the students familiarize with the instruction set as well as
programming techniques.
 To understand the 32-bit microcontroller architecture. To make the students
familiarize with the instruction set as well as programming techniques.
UNIT-I 16 BIT MICROPROCESSOR ARCHITECTURE 9 hours

8086-Internal Architecture -Timing diagram - Interrupts-8086 CPU Hardware design-
Maximum mode CPU Module - Minimum mode CPU module-Addressing modes - Instruction
set- Data transfer instructions- String instructions- Logical Instructions, Arithmetic
Instructions, Transfer of control instructions -Processor control Instructions -Assembly
language programming –Assembler
UNIT-II SPECIAL PURPOSE SUPPORT DEVICES 9 hours

8255A -Programmable peripheral interface - 8251A USART-8279-8253-8259 programmable
Interrupt controller -8257 DMA controller -8254 programmable interval timer -digital to
analog and analog to digital converters, Inter Integrated Circuits interfacing, Bus: RS232C-
RS485-GPIB-IEEE 488, HPIB.
UNIT–III 8051 ARCHITECTURE AND PROGRAMMING 9 hours

Introduction – microcontroller 8 – bit and 16 – bit microcontrollers CISC and RISC process,
Harvard and Von – Neumann Architecture Commercial Microcontroller.8051 architecture,
registers in 8051 - pin description - 8051 parallel I/O ports - memory organization. 8051
Addressing modes - 8051 instruction set - simple programs - Timer/ Counter - Serial
Communication – Interrupts – 8051 interfacing to external memory.
UNIT–IV THE ARM RISC ARCHITECTURE 9 hours

The RISC revolution - The reduced instruction set computer – Design for low power
consumption – The ARM architecture: The Acorn RISC machine – Architectural inheritance -
ARM programmer’s model - ARM development tools - ARM organization & implementation: 3
& 5 stage pipeline ARM organization – ARM instruction execution - ARM implementation -
ARM processor cores: ARM7TDMI.
UNIT–V ARM INSTRUCTION AND ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE PROGRAMMING

9 hours
Exceptions-Conditional execution - Branch and branch with link-Branch, branch with link and
exchange -Software interrupt -Data processing instructions -Single word and unsigned byte
24
data transfer & half word and signed byte data transfer instructions -Multiple register
transfer instructions -Swap instructions –Architectural support for high level languages -The
thumb instruction set-Writing simple ALP.
TOTAL: 45 hours
COURSE OUTCOMES
CO1: Utilize 16 bit microprocessor for their applications.
CO2: Learn and Design I/O interfacing circuits.
CO3: To study 8051 microcontrollers, its features and programming
CO4: The students will be able to utilize ARM architecture and instruction set for
their application needs.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. John Uffenbeck, The 80x86 Family, Design, Programming and Interfacing, Third Edition.
Pearson Education, 2002.
2. Ramesh S Gaonkar, Microprocessor Architecture, Programming and application with
8085, 5th Edition, Penram International Publishing, New Delhi, 2011.
3. Muhammad Ali Mazidi-JamiceGillispitMazidi-”The 8051 micro controller and
Embedded System” Pearson Education, 2002.
4. Steve Furber “ARM System-on-chip-architecture “2nd edition Addison Wesley 2000
REFERENCES:
1. Kenneth J-Ayala-”The Microcontroller Architecture-Programming & Applications” Pearson
International, 2003.
2. Krishnakant “Microprocessors and Microcontrollers Architecture- programming and
system design 8085- 8086- 8051- 8096”- PHI 2007- New Delhi
3. DoughlasV.Hall, “Microprocessors and Interfacing, Programming and
Hardware”,TMH,2012
16PTEC402 DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To learn discrete Fourier transform and its properties

 To design and realize IIR and FIR filters
 To understand Finite word length effects
 To gain knowledge about DSP architecture and programming
 To apply the concepts of Multirate signal processing in real time applications
UNIT – I DISCRETE FOURIER TRANSFORM 9 hours

Introduction to DFT – properties of DFT, FFT algorithms – Radix-2 FFT algorithms –
Decimation in Time and Decimation in Frequency algorithms.
UNIT – II IIR FILTER DESIGN 9 hours

Analog Butterworth filter (LPF only) Transformation of analog filters in to equivalent digital
filters using Impulse invariant and bilinear transformation method-Realization structure for
IIR filters-Direct, Cascade and parallel forms.
UNIT – III FIR FILTER DESIGN 9 hours
25
Linear phase response of FIR- FIR design using window method- Rectangular, Hamming,
Hanning and Blackmann Windows- Frequency sampling method - Realization structures for
FIR filters - Transversal and linear phase structures- Comparison of FIR and IIR filters.
UNIT – IV FINITE WORD LENGTH EFFECTS 9 hours

Representation of numbers - Quantization by truncation and rounding – Derivation for
quantization noise power –co-efficient quantization error – Product quantization error –
Round off noise power. Limit cycle oscillations due to product round off and overflow errors
- scaling to prevent overflow.
UNIT – V DSP APPLICATIONS AND DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSOR 9 hours

Multirate signal processing: Decimation, Interpolation, Sampling rate conversion by a rational
factor-Introduction to DSP TMS320C54X processor: Architecture, instruction set,
addressing modes.
TOTAL: 45hours
COURSE OUTCOMES:
 Apply DFT for the analysis of digital signals & systems
 Design and realize IIR and FIR filters
 Characterize finite Word length effect on filters
 Gain the knowledge on DSP architecture and programming
 Apply the concepts of Multirate signal processing in real time applications
TEXT BOOKS:
1. A.V.Oppenheim, R.W. Schafer and J.R. Buck, “Discrete-Time Signal Processing”, Prentice
Hall, 3rd Edition, 2010.
2. John G Proakis and Manolakis, “Digital Signal Processing Principles, Algorithms and
Applications”, Pearson Education, 4th Edition, 2009.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Emmanuel C. Ifeacher, Barry W. Jervis, “Digital Signal Processing: A Practical Approach”
2nd Edition, Pearson Education, 2004.
2. S.K. Mitra, “Digital Signal Processing, A Computer Based approach”, McGraw-Hill, 4th
Edition, 2010.
3.B.Venkataramani&M.Bhaskar, Digital Signal Processor Architecture, Programming and
Application, TMH, second edition, 2011.
4. P.Ramesh Babu, “Digital Signal Processing”, Scitech Publications, 4th edition, 2011.
5. S.Salivahanan, A.Vallavaraj, Gnanapriya, Digital Signal Processing, TMH, 2001.
16PTEC403 DIGITAL COMMUNICATION 4 0 0 4
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 Understand the building blocks of digital communication system and to introduce the
concept of digital communication and pulse modulation that act as fundamentals to
the digital transmission of analog signals.
 Prepare mathematical background for communication signal analysis and to
describe baseband pulse transmission.
 Express pass-band data transmission and comparison of Digital modulation systems.
 Analyze the error performance of a digital communication system in the presence of
noise and other interferences.
 Understand the concept of spread spectrum communication system.
26
UNIT – I DETECTION AND ESTIMATION AND PULSE MODULATION 12 hours
Introduction-Model of Digital Communication System-Detection:Maximum-likelihood
detector-propability of error-correlation receiver- Matched filter receiver-Sampling
process–PAM- other forms of pulse modulation(PWM,PPM) –TDM-Waveform coding
techniques:PCM-Quantization-Delta modulation – Adaptive Delta Modulation.
UNIT – II BASEBAND TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL SIGNALS 12 hours

Introduction-Discrete PAM signals-Power Spectra of Discrete PAM signals- Intersymbol
Interference- Nyquist’s criterion for Distortion less Base band Binary Transmission-
Correlative level coding - Duo binary & modified duo binary signaling –Eye patterns
–Baseband M-ary PAM Systems.
UNIT – III PASSBAND TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL SIGNALS 12 hours

Introduction – Digital Modulation Formats-Pass band Transmission model- Coherent Binary
Modulation Techniques: Generation, Detection, Signal space diagram, bit error probability,
power spectra and waveforms of BPSK,FSK, QPSK, FSK and MSK schemes –Differential
phase shift keying – Comparison of Digital modulation systems using a single carrier
–Introduction to M-ary Modulation techniques- Synchronization: Carrier and symbol
synchronization.
UNIT – IV ERROR CONTROL CODING 12 hours

Introduction-Rationale for coding and types of codes-Discrete memoryless channels –
Linear block codes - Cyclic codes, cyclic redundancy check codes, - Convolutional codes –
Maximum likelihood decoding of convolutional codes, Viterbi Algorithm, Trellis coded
Modulation.
UNIT – V SPREAD SPECTRUM MODULATION 12 hours

Introduction-Pseudo-Noise sequences –A notion of spread spectrum – Direct sequence
spread spectrum with coherent binary phase shift keying – Signal space Dimensionality and
processing gain –Probability of error – Frequency –hop spread spectrum.
TOTAL: 60 hours
COURSE OUTCOMES
After successfully completing the course students will be able to,
CO1: Analyze the performance of a baseband and pass band digital communication
system in terms of error rate and spectral efficiency.
CO2: Perform the time and frequency domain analysis of the signals in a digital
communication system and error free communicaiton.
CO3: Select the blocks in a design of digital communication system.
CO4: Analyze Performance of spread spectrum communication system.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Simon Haykins, “Communication Systems” John Wiley, 5th Edition, 2016
2. Simon Haykins, “Digital Communication systems” John Wiley, 2014
REFERENCES:
1. Taub & Schilling , “Principles of Digital Communication “, Tata McGraw-Hill 28th
reprint, 2014.
2. R.N.Mutagi,”Digital Communication” Oxford University Press, Second Edition,2013
3. Dennis Roddy,John Coolen,”Electronic Communicaitons” Pearson Prentice Hall,
Tenth impression,2013.
4. John G.Proakis,”Digital Communication”, Tata McGraw-Hill,3rd Edition,1995.
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16PTEC404 ANTENNAS AND WAVE PROPAGATION 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To understand the design and operation of various antenna types.
 To study the fundamental electromagnetic wave propagation in different layers of
the atmosphere.
UNIT- I RADIATION FIELDS OF WIRE ANTENNAS 9 hours

Potential functions and electromagnetic field, Potential functions for sinusoidal oscillations,
Fields associated with Hertzian dipole the alternating current element, Power radiated and
radiation resistance of current element - Radiation resistance of elementary dipole with
linear current distribution - Assumed current distribution for wire antennas - Radiation from
half-wave dipole or quarter-wave monopole - Antenna parameters – antenna Gain –
directivity of current element and half wave dipole – effective length- effective area.
UNIT – II ANTENNA ARRAYS 9 hours

Expression for electric field from two and three element arrays - Uniform linear array -
Broadside array, Endfire array, - Method of pattern multiplication - Binomial array - Use of
method of images for antennas above ground - Folded dipole antenna - Yagi Uda antenna -
Log periodic dipole array.
UNIT – III LOOP, HELICAL AND REFLECTOR ANTENNA 9 hours

Loop Antennas: small loop and general case- Radiation resistance of loops –Directivity of
circular loop – λ/10 diameter loop – λ/π diameter loop. Helical antenna: Helical geometry
–monofilar axial-mode helical antenna - Radiation from a traveling wave on a wire - Rhombic
antenna: Analysis & Design of Rhombic antennas - Reflector antennas: Flat sheet reflector,
corner reflector, the paraboloidal reflector, feed systems.
UNIT - IV APERTURE AND LENS ANTENNAS 9 hours

Induction and equivalence theorems - Radiation from an elemental area of a plane wave
(Huygen’s Source)- Radiation from the open end of a coaxial line - Radiation from a
rectangular aperture treated as an array of Huygen’s sources – Slot antennas- Pattern of slot
antennas in flat sheets – Babinet’s principle and complementary antennas - impedances of
slot antennas - Method of feeding slot antennas - Field on the axis of an E-Plane sectoral
horn - Radiation from circular aperture - Beam Width and Effective area - Dielectric lens and
metal plane lens antennas - Lumeberg lens - Spherical waves and Biconical antenna.
UNIT – V PROPAGATION 9 hours

Sky wave propagation: Structure of the ionosphere - Effective dielectric constant of ionized
region - Mechanism of refraction - Refractive index - Critical frequency - Skip distance -
Effect of earth’s magnetic field - Energy loss in the ionosphere due to collisions - Maximum
usable frequency - Fading and Diversity reception. Space wave propagation: Reflection from
ground for vertically and horizontally polarized waves - Reflection characteristics of earth -
Resultant of direct and reflected ray at the receiver - Duct propagation. Ground wave
propagation: Attenuation characteristics for ground wave propagation - Calculation of field
strength at a distance.
TOTAL: 45 hours
COURSE OUTCOMES
CO1: Understand the behavior of antenna and its performance parameters.
CO2: Design and analyze antenna arrays
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CO3: Design various types of antennas in the field of communications.
CO4: Design and analyze aperture and lens antennas
CO5: Study radio wave propagation and its effects.
TEXTBOOKS:
1. E.C.Jordan and Balmain, "Electro Magnetic Waves and Radiating Systems", PHI, 1968,
Reprint 2010.
2. John D.Kraus and Ronalatory Marhefka, "Antennas", Tata McGraw-Hill Book
Company, 2010.
REFERENCES:
1. Terman, F.E.:Radio Engineers Handbook, Tata McGraw-Hill, 1985

2. Constantine A. Balanis, "Antenna Theory Analysis and Design”, John Wiley & Sons, 2012.
3. R.E.Collins, 'Antennas and Radio Propagation ", McGraw-Hill, 1987.
4. Elliot, R.S: Antenna theory and design, PHI, New Delhi, 1985.
16PTEC405 MICROPROCESSOR AND MICROCONTROLLERS LAB 0 0 3 2
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 Introduce ALP concepts and features
 Write ALP for arithmetic and logical operations in 8086 and 8051
 Differentiate Serial and Parallel Interface
 Interface different I/Os with Microprocessors
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
1. Programs for 8/16 bit Arithmetic operations (Using 8086).
2. Programs for Sorting and Searching (Using 8086).
3. Programs for String manipulation operations (Using 8086).
4. Programs for Digital clock and Stop watch (Using 8086).
5. Parallel Communication between two MP Kits using Mode 1 and Mode 2 of 8255.
6. Interfacing and Programming 8259, and 8253.
7. Serial Communication between two MP Kits using 8251.
8. Interfacing and Programming of Stepper Motor and DC Motor Speed control.
9. Programs for 8-bit Arithmetic operations (Using 8051).
10. Programs for logical and bit manipulation operations (Using 8051).
11. Programs for Sum of Elements in an Array (Using 8051).
12. Communication between 8051 Microcontroller kit and PC.
13. Interfacing – DAC /ADC and 8051.
14. Study the memory read and memory write machine cycles using logic analyzer.
15. Design a 4 bit counter and verify it using logic analyzer.
TOTAL: 60hours
COURSE OUTCOMES
After the successful completion of the practical session, the students will be able to
CO 1: Write ALP for fixed and Floating Point Arithmetic
CO 2: Gain Knowledge to Interface different I/Os with processor
CO 3: Generate waveforms using Microprocessors
CO 4: Execute Programs in 8051
REFERENCES:
29
1. “Microprocessor and Microcontrollers Lab Manual” prepared by ECE Department.
2. B.Sasikala, S.Poornachandra Rao, “Handbook of experiments in Electronics and
Communication Engineering”, Vikas Publishing, 2007.
16PTEC501 EMBEDDED SYSTEMS 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To make the students learn the architecture and programming of ARM processor.
 To make the students Learn the system design techniques and networks for
embedded systems.
UNIT-I INTRODUCTION TO EMBEDDED SYSTEMS 9 hours

Complex systems and microprocessors– Embedded system design process –Design
example: Model train controller- Instruction sets preliminaries - ARM Processor – CPU:
programming input and output supervisor mode, exceptions and traps – Co-processors-
Memory system mechanisms – CPU performance- CPU power consumption.
UNIT-II EMBEDDED COMPUTING PLATFORM DESIGN 9 hours

The CPU Bus-Memory devices and systems–Designing with computing platforms –
consumer electronics architecture – platform-level performance analysis - Components for
embedded programs Models of programs- Assembly, linking and loading – compilation
techniques- Program level performance analysis – Software performance optimization –
Program level energy and power analysis and optimization – Analysis and optimization of
program size- Program validation and testing.
UNIT-III PROCESSES AND OPERATING SYSTEMS 9 hours

Introduction – Multiple tasks and multiple processes – Multirate systems- Preemptive real-
time operating systems- Priority based scheduling- Interprocess communication
mechanisms – Evaluating operating system performance- power optimization strategies for
processes – Example Real time operating systems-POSIX-Windows CE.
UNIT-IV SYSTEM DESIGN TECHNIQUES AND NETWORKS 9 hours

Design methodologies- Design flows - Requirement Analysis – Specifications-System
analysis and architecture design – Quality Assurance techniques- Distributed embedded
systems – MPSoCs and shared memory multiprocessors.
UNIT-VCASE STUDY 9 hours

Data compressor - Alarm Clock - Audio player - Software modem-Digital still camera -
Telephone answering machine-Engine control unit – Video accelerator.
TOTAL: 45 hours
COURSE OUTCOMES
CO1: Describe the architecture and programming of ARM processor
CO2: Outline the concepts of embedded systems
CO3: Explain the basic concepts of real time Operating system design
CO4: Use the system design techniques to develop software for embedded systems
CO5: Differentiate between the general purpose operating system and the real time operating system
CO6: Model real-time applications using embedded-system concepts
TEXTBOOKS:
1. Marilyn Wolf, “Computers as Components - Principles of Embedded Computing System
Design”, Third Edition “Morgan Kaufmann Publisher (An imprint from Elsevier), 2012
30
2. Jonathan W.Valvano, “Embedded Microcomputer Systems Real Time Interfacing”, Third
Edition Cengage Learning, 2011
REFERENCES:
1. David. E. Simon, “An Embedded Software Primer”, 1st Edition, Fifth Impression, Addison-
Wesley Professional, 2007
2. Steve Heath, Embedded Systems Design, Second Edition-2003, Newnes Publication
3. Frank Vahid and Tony Givargis, Embedded Systems Design – A unified Hardware
/Software Introduction, John Wiley, 2002.
4. Embedded Systems by Jack G. Ganssle, Publisher Newnes, 2007.
16PTEC502 MICROWAVE ENGINEERING 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To understand and gain knowledge about various microwave components
 To deal with the microwave generation and amplification using microwave tubes
and solid state devices
 To understand the concepts of strip lines and MMIC
 To understand the techniques of various microwave measurements
UNIT-I MICROWAVE COMPONENTS 9 hours

Microwave Frequencies, Microwave Devices, Microwave Systems, Microwave Units of
Measure, Microwave Hybrid Circuits - Waveguide Tees, Magic Tees (Hybrid Tees), Hybrid
Rings (Rat-Race Circuits), Waveguide Corners, Bends and Twists. Directional Couplers - Two-
Hole Directional Couplers, Review of low frequency parameters: Z,Y & ABCD Parameters,
Introduction to S parameters, S Matrix of a Directional Coupler, Hybrid Couplers, - Circulators
and Isolators.
UNIT-II SOLID STATE MICROWAVE DEVICES 9 hours

Introduction- Gunn-Effect Diodes GaAs Diode, Ridely-Watkins-Hilsun (RWH) Theory- Modes
of Operation- Microwave Generation and Amplification-AVALANCHE TRANSIT-TIME
DEVICES: Introduction-Read Diode- IMPATT Diodes- TRAPATT Diodes-BARITT Diodes-
Parametric Devices.
UNIT-III MICROWAVE TUBES 9hours

Klystrons- Two cavity Klystron Amplifiers- Reflex Klystrons, Velocity Modulation, Power
Output and Efficiency, Electronic Admittance, Helix Traveling-Wave Tubes (TWTs), Slow-
Wave structures, Amplification Process, Convection Current, Axial Electric Field, Wave
Modes, Gain Consideration, Magnetron Oscillators, Cylindrical Magnetron, Coaxial
Magnetron
UNIT-IV STRIP LINES AND MMICs 9hours

Introduction, Micro strip Lines, Characteristic Impedance of Micro strip Lines, Losses in
Micro strip Lines, Quality Factor Q of Micro strip Lines, Parallel Strip Lines, Distributed
parameters, Characteristic Impedance, Attenuation Losses, Coplanar Strip lines.
MONOLITHIC MICROWAVE ICS-Introduction-Materials-MMIC Growth.
UNIT-VMICROWAVE MEASUREMENTS 9 hours

Measuring Instruments: Principle of operation and application of VSWR meter, Power meter,
Spectrum analyzer, and Network analyzer. Measurement of power, impedance, insertion loss,
attenuation, VSWR, scattering parameters, frequency and dielectric constant.
TOTAL: 45hours
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COURSE OUTCOMES
CO 1: Explain the active and passive microwave components used in microwave
communication
CO 2: Apply the concepts of microwave sources and circuits
CO 3: Have in-depth knowledge of microwave generation and amplification
CO 4: Measure the various parameters of microwave signal
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Samuel Y.Liao, “Microwave Devices and Circuits”, Pearson education, 3rd Edition, 2008.
2. Annapurna Das, Sisir K.Das, “Microwave Engineering”, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2000.
REFERENCES:
1. R.E. Collin, “Foundations for Microwave Engineering”, IEEE Press Second Edition, 2002.
2. David M.Pozar, “Microwave Engineering”, John Wiley & Sons, 2nd Edition, 2003
3. P.A.Rizzi, “Microwave Engineering Passive circuits”, PHI
4. Web page:www.ni.com/rf-acdemy
16PTEC503 COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS LAB 0 0 3 2
COURSE OBJECTIVES
To enable students to
 Apply the concepts of Analog modulation techniques
 Apply the concepts of Digital modulation techniques
 Obtain the radiation patterns of different types of antenna systems
 Analyze various characteristics of AM and FM Receiver
 Analyze RF circuits using spectrum analyzer
LIST OF EXPERIMENTS
1. Radiation pattern of Half wave dipole Antenna
2. Radiation pattern of Yagi Antenna
3. Radiation pattern of Loop Antenna
4. Generation and Calculation of modulation index of Amplitude Modulation.
5. Characteristics of FM receiver (Selectivity and Sensitivity)
6. Sampling and reconstruction of analog signals.
7. Time division multiplexing
8 Pulse modulation- PAM / PWM /PPM
9. Pulse code modulation
10.Measurement of frequency components of different waveforms using Spectrum
Analyzer.
11. Delta modulation / Adaptive Delta Modulation
12. Digital modulation –ASK, PSK, QPSK, FSK
TOTAL: 60 hours
COURSE OUTCOMES
Upon completion of this practical session the student will have
CO1: Ability to analyze the directional characteristics of different type of antennas.
CO2: Ability to tune AM and FM receiver based on the characteristics.
CO3:Can able to identify the type of modulation to be adopted for various applications.
CO4: Ability to identify the various frequency components of digital modulation.
REFERENCES:
32
1. “Communication Systems Lab Manual” prepared by ECE Department.
2. B.Sasikala, S.Poornachandra Rao, “Handbook of experiments in Electronics and
Communication Engineering”, Vikas Publishing, 2007.
16PTEC601 OPTICAL COMMUNICATION 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To learn the basic elements of optical fiber transmission link, fiber modes,
configurations and the structures.
 To understand the different kind of losses, signal distortion in optical wave guides
and other signal degradation factors. Design optimization of SM fibers, RI profile and
cut-off wavelength.
 To know about the various optical source materials, LED structures, Quantum
efficiency,LASER diodes and fiber joining devices.
 To know about the fiber optical receiver such as PIN,APD-Receiver performance and
fibre amplifier.
 To apply the concept of fiber in various applications such as

NETWORKING,measurement and monitoring systems.
UNIT-I INTRODUCTION TO OPTICAL FIBERS 9 HOURS

Introduction-Motivations for light wave communications-Advantages—Key elements of
optical fiber systems- standards-Nature of light-basic optical laws and definitions- Optical
Fiber Modes and Configurations -Fiber materials-Fiber fabrication-Mechanical properties
(quantitative only)-cable structure.
UNIT-II SIGNAL DEGRADATION IN OPTICAL FIBERS 9 hours

Attenuation: Absorption losses - Scattering losses - Bending Losses - Core and Cladding
losses-Signal Distortion in Fibers: Intermodal delay-intramodal dispersion-Factors
contributing to dispersion: Group Delay - Material Dispersion - Wave guide Dispersion –
Signal distortion in single mode fiber-Bending loss.
UNIT-III FIBER OPTICAL SOURCES 9 hours

Introduction-Basics of semiconductor physics—LED:structures-light source materials
-Quantum efficiency and LED power-LASER diodes: modes and threshold conditions
-rate equations—external quantum efficiency-resonant frequencies-structures and
radiation patterns - temperature effects.
UNIT-IV FIBER OPTICAL RECEIVERS AND DIGITAL TRANSMISSION SYSTEM 9 hours
Introduction-Physical principles of photodiodes-:PIN photo diode-Avalanche photo
diodes-Photodetector noise-SNR-Detector response time-Double heterostructure
photodiodes-structure for InGaAS APDs-Temperature effect on avalanche gain-
Comparison of photo diodes-Fundamental receiver operation:digital signal
transmission-Receiver sensitivity-Optical Amplifiers:Types-Erbium Doped fiber
amplifier.
UNIT-V OPTICAL FIBER NETWORK AND MEASUREMENT AND MONITORING 9 hours

Introduction-Network application :SONET/SDH-WDM- Basic test equipment-Optical
power measurements-Telecommunication application: Generations of optical fiber
33
link-Optical fiber LAN link-Optical networking technology in enterprise – Description
of 8 Mb/s optical fiber communication link-Industrial Applications of optical fiber
sensors.
TOTAL : 45 hours
COURSE OUTCOMES:
After successfully completing the course students will be able to,
CO1: Discuss the various optical fiber modes, configurations ,structure of the
cable,manufacturing methods and the properties.
CO2: Calculate the degradation in the signal due to losses and dispersion.
CO3: Explain the various optical sources and optical detectors and their use in the
optical communication system.
CO4: Analyze the digital transmission and its associated parameters on system
Performance.
CO5: Have the idea of various applications of optical fiber.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Gerd Keiser, “Optical Fiber Communication” McGraw –Hill International, 3rd &
4th ed., 2012
2. S.C.Gupta, “ Textbook on Optical Fiber Communication and its applications”,
nd
PHI, 2 edition, 2012.
REFERENCES:
1. J.Gower, “Optical Communication System”, Prentice Hall of India, 2001.
2. John. M. Senior, “Optical Fiber Communications: Principles and Practice”,
Third Edition, Pearson, 2009.
3. Govind P.Agrawal, ‘Fiber-Optic Communication Systems’, 4th Ed., Wiley, 2010.
4. Djafar K.Mynbaev, Lowell L.Scheiner, ‘Fiber-Optic Communications
Technology’, Pearson, 2001.
16PTEC602 VLSI DESIGN 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To understand the concepts of MOS transistors operations and their AC, DC
characteristics.
 To understand the fabrication process of CMOS technology and its layout design
rules.
 Digital Design using Verilog HDL.
UNIT – I MOS TRANSISTOR THEORY 9 hours

Introduction: NMOS, PMOS Enhancement transistor, Threshold voltage, Body effect – MOS
device DC Equation: Basic DC equations, channel length modulation, Mobility variation, MOS
models, small signal AC characteristics - Complementary CMOS inverter - DC characteristics:
Noise Margin, Rise time, fall time, power dissipation, transmission gate – stick diagram –
Layout diagram.
UNIT – II CMOS TECHNOLOGY 9 hours

An overview of Silicon semiconductor technology - Basic CMOS technology: nwell, P well,
Twin tub and SOI Process – CMOS process enhancements: Interconnects - circuit elements:
Resistors, capacitors, Electrically alterable ROMs, bipolar transistors - Latch up and
prevention.
34
UNIT – III DATA PATH SYSTEMS AND ARRAY OF SUBSYSTEMS 9 hours
Datapath Subsystems, Addition/Subtraction, One/Zero Detectors, Comparators, Counters,
Boolean Logical Operations, Coding, Shifters, Multiplication Array Subsystems, SRAM, DRAM,
Read-Only Memory, Serial Access Memories, Content Addressable Memory, Programmable
Logic Arrays.
UNIT – IV HARDWARE DESCRIPTION LANGUAGE 9 hours

Basic Concepts: VLSI Design flow, modules and ports, switch level modeling, Gate level
modeling, Data flow modeling, Behavioral modeling. Structural gate level description of
decoder, equality detector, comparator, priority encoder, D-ff, half adder, Full adder, Ripple
Carry adder.
UNIT – V CMOS CHIP DESIGN 9 hours

CMOS chip design options: Full custom ASICs, Std. Cell based ASICs, Gate Array based
ASICs Channeled, Channel less and structured GA, Programmable logic structures;
Programming of PALs, Programmable Interconnect, Reprogrammable GA: Programmable
GA, ASIC design flow, Introduction to Programmable ASIC design systems - Xilinx, Actel and
Altera – Need for CMOS testing
TOTAL: 45hours
COURSE OUTCOMES
CO1: Use analytical methods and circuit analysis models in analysis of CMOS circuits.
CO2: Understand the CMOS process technology.
CO3: Able to learn and design data path systems.
CO4: Model the digital system using Verilog Hardware Description Language.
CO5: Discuss the techniques of chip design using programmable devices.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Weste & Eshraghian: Principles of CMOS VLSI design (2/e) Addison Wesley, 2010
2. Samir Palnitkar: “Verilog HDL” A Guide to Digital Design and Synthesis Second
Edition – Second Edition, 2012.
3. M.J.S .Smith, - “Application - Specific Integrated Circuits” – Pearson Education,
2009.
REFERENCES:
1. Douglas.A.Puchnell.,Kamran Eshraghian’Basics VLSI Design and Circuits’ Third
edition Prentice Hall India 2011.
2. V.G.Kiran kumar, H.R.Nagesh, ”Introduction to VLSI Design”, Pearson
Education,2011
3. Wayne Wolf, Modern VLSI Design, Pearson Education 2003.
4. E. Fabricious , Introduction to VLSI design, McGraw-Hill 1990.
16PTEC701 MOBILE COMMUNICATION 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 Learn the fundamental cellular radio concepts and capacity expansion techniques in
a cellular system
 Outline the different ways of radio propagation models and predict the large scale
35
and small effects of radio propagation in many operating environment.
 Classify the modulation techniques used in wireless communication and provide an
overview of equalization and diversity concepts.
 State the types of speech coders and to discuss the various multiple access
techniques
 Provide an overview and comparison of second generation, third generation and
fourth generation
 wireless networks and worldwide wireless standards.
UNIT-I CELLULAR CONCEPT AND SYSTEM DESIGN FUNDAMENTALS 9 hours

Introduction to wireless communication: Evolution of mobile communications, mobile radio
systems- Examples of wireless communication systems- Trends in cellular radio and
personal communications. Cellular Concept: Frequency reuse- channel assignment
strategies- hand off strategies- Interference and system capacity- Truncking and Grade Of
Service, Improving Coverage and capacity in Cellular systems.
UNIT-II MOBILE RADIO PROPAGATION 9 hours

Introduction-Large-Scale Path Loss:Free space propagation model- Reflection, Diffraction,
Scattering- Link budget design- Outdoor Propagation models- Indoor propagation models-
Small scale Fading and Multipath propagation: Impulse Response of a Multipath Channel-
Parameters of Mobile multipath channels- types of small scale fading.
UNIT-III MODULATION TECHNIQUES AND EQUALIZATION 9 hours

Modulation Techniques for Mobile Radio: Constant envelope modulation:BFSK,MSK,GMSK-
Combined Linear and Constant Envelop Modulation Techniques:MPSK,QAM,MFSK and
OFDM- Modulation Performance in Fading and Multipath Channels:Performance of Digital
Modulation in Slow-Flat Fading Channels –Digital Modulation in Frequency Selective Mobile
Channels. Equalization: Survey of Equalization Techniques- Linear Equalization- Non-linear
Equalization- Algorithms for Adaptive Equalization- fractionally spaced equalizers- Diversity
Techniques- RAKE receiver.
UNIT-IV CODING AND MULTIPLE ACCESS TECHNIQUES 9 hours

Coding: Vocoders, Linear Predictive Coders, Selection of Speech Coders for Mobile
Communication, GSM Codec, USDC Codec.
Multiple Access Techniques: FDMA, TDMA, CDMA, SDMA, WCDMA Capacity of Cellular
CDMA and SDMA.
UNIT-V WIRELESS SYSTEMS AND STANDARDS 9 hours

Development of wireless Networks:First,Second and Third Generation Wireless Networks
:WLL- Blue tooth- Wireless Systems and Standards:AMPS,GSM, IS-95,DECT - Introduction to
4G technology. EVDO (DATA)/NIC CARD – High speed wireless Internet Access – GPRS –
General Packet Radio Services
TOTAL: 45 hours
COURSE OUTCOMES
CO1: Know the evolution of wireless communication and the cellular concepts. CO2:
Understand the radio propagation over wireless channel and different limitations
CO3: Understand the different modulation schemes and characteristics of different
multiple access techniques in mobile/wireless communication. Equalization and
Channel estimation techniques and to apply analytical and empirical models in
the design of wireless links.
36
CO4: Understand the need of coding, voice coding- concept of multiple access
techniques in mobile communication.
CO5: Able to understand the Wireless communication systems and standards: GSM,
IS-95.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. T.S.Rappaport, “Wireless Communications: Principles and Practice, Second
Edition, Pearson Education, 2012.
2. W.C.Y.Lee, "Mobile Communications Engineering: Theory and applications, Second
Edition, McGraw-Hill International, 1998.
REFERENCES:
1. R. Blake, “ Wireless Communication Technology”, Thomson Delmar, 2003.
2. Rappaport, “Wireless and Mobile Communication”, Pearson Education, 2001
3. Stephen G. Wilson, “ Digital Modulation and Coding”, Pearson Education, 2003.
4. Yi-Bing Lin & Imrich chlantae, “Wireless and Mobile Network Architecture”, John wiley
2001
16PTECE01 COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To enable the students to understand the evolution of computer architecture and the
factors influencing the design of hardware and software components.
 To design adders using computer arithmetic.
 To gain the knowledge on various functional blocks in computers along with their
peripherals.
UNIT – I STRUCTURE OF COMPUTERS 9 hours

Functional units - Basic Operational Concepts - Bus Structures – Software - Performance –
Multiprocessors and Multicomputer – Memory locations & addresses – Memory operations
– Instruction and instruction sequencing – addressing modes – assembly language – Basic
I/O operations – stacks and queues.
UNIT – II COMPUTER ARITHMETIC 9 hours

Addition and subtraction of signed numbers - Design of fast adders - multiplication of
positive numbers - signed operand multiplication, Booth algorithm - Fast multiplication, bit
pair recoding of the multiplier, carry save addition - Integer division - floating point numbers,
arithmetic operations on floating point numbers - Guard bits & truncation.
UNIT – III PROCESSING UNITS 9 hours

Fundamental concepts – Execution of a complete Instruction – Multiple bus organization –
Hardwired control – micro programmed control. Pipelining – Basic concepts – data hazards
– instruction hazards – influence on Instruction sets – Data path and control consideration
– Superscalar operation – Performance considerations.
UNIT – IV MEMORY SYSTEM 9 hours

Basic concepts – semiconductor RAMs, ROMs – Speed, size and cost – cache memories -
Performance consideration – Virtual memory- Memory Management requirements –
Secondary storage - CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, DVD drive, Hard drive.
UNIT – V I/O SYSTEM 9 hours

Accessing I/O devices – Interrupts – Direct Memory Access, Bus arbitration – Buses:
37
Synchronous bus, Asynchronous bus – Interface Circuits: Serial port, Parallel port –
Standard I/O Interfaces: PCI, SCSI, and USB.
TOTAL: 45 hours
COURSE OUTCOMES
CO1: Understand different levels of abstraction in computer architecture.
CO2: Design Digital Logic circuits using computer arithmetic.
CO3: Analyze the execution of instructions.
CO4: Understand the concepts of memory and I/O systems.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Carl Hamacher, Zvonko Vranesic and Safwat Zaky, “Computer Organization” 5th Ed,
McGraw Hill, 2012.
2. John P. Hayes, “Computer Architecture & Organization”, 3rd Ed, TMH, 2002.
REFERENCES:
1. William Stallings, “Computer Organization & Architecture – Designing for Performance”,
10th Ed., Pearson-Prentice Hall, 2016.
2. David A. Patterson and John L.Hennessy, “Computer Organization & Design, the
hardware / software interface”, 2nd Ed, Morgan Kaufmann, 2002 reprint
3. Computer Architecture by Caxton C. Foster, Van Nostrand Reinhold Publication
6th Edition
4. Computer Architecture by Robert J. Baron, Lee Higbie, Addison-Wesley Pub. Co.
16PTECE02 ADVANCED MICROPROCESSORS 3003
OBJECTIVES
 To introduce the concepts of advanced microprocessors.
 To introduce the programming techniques using MASM, DOS and BIOS function calls.
 To introduce the basic architecture of Pentium family of processors.
 To introduce the architecture programming and interfacing of advanced microcontro
ller.
 To introduce the concepts and architecture of Real time applications.
UNIT-I ADVANCED MICROPROCESSOR ARCHITECTURE 9 hours

Internal Microprocessor Architecture-Real mode memory addressing – Protected Mode
Memory addresses –Memory paging - Data addressing modes – Program memory
addressing modes – Stack memory addressing modes – Data movement instructions –
Program control instructions- Arithmetic and Logic Instructions.
UNIT-II MODULAR PROGRAMMING AND ITS CONCEPTS 9 hours

Modular programming –Using keyboard and Video display –Data Conversions- Disk files-
Interrupt hooks- using assembly languages with C/ C++
UNIT-III PENTIUM PROCESSORS 9 hours

Introduction to Pentium Microprocessor – Special Pentium registers- Pentium memory
management –New Pentium Instructions–
38
Pentium Pro Microprocessor Architecture – Special features – Pentium II
Microprocessor Architecture – Pentium III Microprocessor Architecture – Pentium IV
processor.
UNIT-IV 16-BIT MICRO CONTROLLER 9hours

8096/8097 Architecture-CPU registers –RALU-Internal Program and Data memory Timers-
High speed Input and Output –Serial Interface-I/O ports –Interrupts –A/D converter-Watch
dog timer –Power down feature –Instruction set- External memory Interfacing –External I/O
interfacing.
UNIT-VREAL TIME APPLICATIONS 9 hours
Recent trends in Industrial uses – Embedded and Video processing – Case studies –
Innovative applications and Design for Educational purposes – Media purposes –
Applications.
TOTAL: 45 hours
COURSE OUTCOMES:
 Understand the generalized architecture of advanced microprocessors and advanced

microcontrollers
 Develop algorithm/program of the advanced microcontrollers for a particular task
 Interface advanced microcontrollers with external peripherals
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Barry B.Brey, The Intel Microprocessors 8086/8088, 80, 86, 80286, 80386 80486,
Pentium, Pentium Pro Processor, Pentium II, Pentium III, Pentium 4, Architecture,
Programming and interfacing, Prentice Hall of India Private Limited, New Delhi, 2003.
2. John Peatman, Design with Microcontroller McGraw Hill Publishing Co Ltd, New
Delhi.
REFERENCES:
1. Rajkamal, The concepts and feature of micro controllers 68HC11, 8051 and 8096; S
Chand Publishers, New Delhi.
2. Ray,advanced microprocessor and peripherals, 2nd edition, tata mcgraw-hill
education pvt. Ltd.
3. Alan Clements, “The principles of computer Hardware”, Oxford University Press, 3rd
Edition, 2003.
4. Udaykumar, advanced microprocessors and IBM pc, 1st edition, tata mcgraw-hill
education pvt. Ltd.
16PTECE03 ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERFERENCE AND COMPATIBILITY

3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To understand the basics of EMI
39
 To study EMI Sources
 To understand EMI problems
 To understand Solution methods in PCB
 To study various standards of EMI
 To understand Test and Measurement technique for immunity
UNIT I BASIC CONCEPTS 9 hours

Definition of EMI and EMC- Intra and Inter system EMI- Sources and victims of EMI,
Conducted and Radiated EMI emission and susceptibility- Transient EMI& ESD- Case
Histories- Radiation Hazards to humans.
UNIT II COUPLING MECHANISM 9 hours

Common mode coupling- Differential mode coupling- Common impedance coupling- Ground
loop coupling- Field to cable coupling- Cable to cable coupling- Power mains and Power
supply coupling.
UNIT III EMI MITIGATION TECHNIQUES 9 hours

Shielding – principle, choice of materials for H, E and free space fields, and thickness- EMI
gaskets; Bonding- Grounding – circuits, system and cable grounding; Filtering- Transient EMI
control devices and applications- PCB Zoning, Component selection, mounting, trace routing.
UNIT IV STANDARDS AND REGULATION 9 hours

Units of EMI- National and International EMI Standardizing Organizations – IEC, ANSI, FCC,
CISPR, BIS, CENELEC- FCC standards- EN Emission and Susceptibility standards and
specifications- MIL461E Standards.
UNIT V EMI TEST METHODS AND INSTRUMENTATION 9 hours

EMI test sites - Open area site- TEM cell- Shielded chamber- Shielded Anechoic chamber-
EMI test receivers- Spectrum Analyzer- Transient EMI Test wave Simulators- EMI coupling
Networks - Line impedance Stabilization Networks- Feed through capacitors- Antennas and
factors- Current probes and calibration factor- MIL-STD test methods- Civilian STD Test
methods.
TOTAL: 45 hours
COURSE OUTCOMES
Upon completion of this course the student will have
CO1: Design an EMI free system
CO 2: Have Knowledge to reduce system level crosstalk
CO 3: Design high speed printed circuit board with minimum interference
CO 4: Make our world free from unwanted electromagnetic environment
TEXT BOOKS
1. V.P. Kodali, “Engineering EMC Principles, Measurements and Technologies”,
IEEE Press, Newyork, 2001
2. Henry W.Ott., “Noise Reduction Techniques in Electronic Systems”, A Wiley
Inter Science Publications, John Wiley and Sons, Newyork, 1988.
REFERENCES
1. Don R.J.White Consultant Incorporate, “Handbook of EMI/EMC”, Vol I-V, 1988.
2. Bemhard Keiser, “Principles of Electromagnetic Compatibility”, 3rd Ed, Artech
house, Norwood, 1987.
3. Clayton R.Paul – Introduction to Electromagnetic compatibility – Wiley & Sons – 1992
4. Donwhite Consultant Incorporate – Handbook of EMI / EMC – Vol I – 1985
40
16PTECE04 ENGINEERING ACOUSTICS 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To provide mathematical basis for acoustics waves.
 To introduce the concept of radiation and reception of acoustic waves.
 To present the characteristic behaviour of sound in pipes, resonators and filters.
 To describe the architecture and environmental inclusive of reverberation and noise.
 To give a detailed study on loud speakers and microphones.
UNIT - I INTRODUCTION 9 hours

Acoustics waves – Linear wave equation – sound in fluids – Harmonic plane waves –
Energy density – Acoustics intensity – Specific acoustic impedance – spherical waves –
Describer scales-Reflection and Transmission-Transmission from one fluid to another
normal and oblique incidence – method of images.
UNIT - II RADIATION AND RECEPTION OF ACOUSTIC WAVES 9 hours

Radiation from a pulsating sphere – Acoustic reciprocity – continuous line source - radiation
impedance - Fundamental properties of transducers-Absorption and attenuation of sound-
Absorption from viscosity – complex sound speed and absorption – classical absorption
coefficient
UNIT - III PIPES RESONATORS AND FILTERS ` 9 hours

Resonance in pipes - standing wave pattern absorption of sound in pipes – long wavelength
limit – Helmoltz resonator - acoustic impedance - reflection and transmission of waves in
pipe - acoustic filters – low pass, high pass and band pass. Noise, Signal detection, Hearing
and speech-Noise, spectrum level and band level – combing band levels and tones –
detecting signals in noise – detection threshold – the ear – fundamental properties of
hearing – loudness level and loudness – pitch and frequency – voice.
UNIT-IV ARCHITECTURAL ACOUSTICS 9 hours

Sound in endosure – A simple model for the growth of sound in a room – reverberation time
- Sabine, sound absorption materials – measurement of the acoustic output of sound
sources in live rooms – acoustics factor in architectural design-Environmental Acoustics:
Weighted sound levels speech interference – highway noise – noise induced hearing loss –
noise and architectural design specification and measurement of some isolation design of
portions.
UNIT-V TRANSDUCTION 9 hours

Transducer as an electives network – canonical equation for the two simple transducers
transmitters – moving coil loud speaker – loudspeaker cabinets – horn loud speaker,
receivers – condenser – microphone – moving coil electrodynamics microphone
piezoelectric microphone – calibration of receivers.
TOTAL: 45 hours
COURSE OUTCOMES
CO1: Understand the properties of acoustic signals.
CO2: Analyze radiation and reception of acoustic waves.
CO3: Study about acoustic filters.
CO4: Estimate the measurement of the acoustic output of sound sources in live rooms.
41
CO5: Study the fundamentals of transducers.
TEXT BOOKS
1. Lawerence E.Kinsler, Austin, R.Frey, Alan B.Coppens, James V.Sanders, Fundamentals of
Acoustics, 4ht edition, Wiley, 2000.
2. L.Berarek , Acoustics - McGraw-Hill Education, 2001.
REFERENCES
1. Engineering Acoustics: An Introduction to Noise Control By Michael Möser 2nd Edition,
Published by Springer, 2009
2. Foundations of engineering acoustics Frank Fahy Academic Press, 2001
3. Engineering acoustics and noise control by Conrad J. Hemond Prentice-Hall, 1983
4. Engineering Acoustics: A Handbook by Michael Möser, Gerhard Müller Springer, 2009
16PTECE05 Advanced Microcontroller 3 0 0 3
OBJECTIVES:
 To expose the students to the fundamentals of microprocessor architecture.
 To introduce the advanced features in microprocessors and microcontrollers.
 To enable the students to understand various microcontroller architectures.

UNIT I HIGH PERFORMANCE CISC ARCHITECTURE – PENTIUM 9 hours
CPU Architecture- Bus Operations – Pipelining – Brach predication – floating point unit-
Operating Modes –Paging – Multitasking – Exception and Interrupts – Instruction set –
addressing modes – Programming the Pentium processor.
UNIT II HIGH PERFORMANCE RISC ARCHITECTURE – ARM 9 hours
Arcon RISC Machine – Architectural Inheritance – Core & Architectures – Registers –
Pipeline – Interrupts – ARM organization – ARM processor family – Co-processors – ARM
instruction set- Thumb Instruction set – Instruction cycle timings – The ARM Programmer‟s
model – ARM Development tools – ARM Assembly Language Programming – C
programming – Optimizing ARM Assembly Code – Optimized Primitives.
UNIT III ARM APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT 9 hours Introduction to
DSP on ARM –FIR filter – IIR filter – Discrete fourier transform – Exception handling –
Interrupts – Interrupt handling schemes- Firmware and bootloader – Embedded Operating
systems – Integrated Development Environment- STDIO Libraries – Peripheral Interface –
Application of ARM Processor – Caches – Memory protection Units – Memory Management
units – Future ARM Technologies.
UNIT IV MOTOROLA 68HC11 MICROCONTROLLERS 9 hours
Instruction set addressing modes – operating modes- Interrupt system- RTC-Serial
Communication Interface – A/D Converter PWM and UART.
UNIT V PIC MICROCONTROLLER 9 hours CPU
Architecture – Instruction set – interrupts- Timers- I2C Interfacing –UART- A/D Converter
–PWM and introduction to C-Compilers.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
COURSE OUTCOMES:
 The student will be able to work with suitable microprocessor / microcontroller for a
specific real world application.

42
TEXT BOOK:
1. Andrew N.Sloss, Dominic Symes and Chris Wright “ ARM System Developer‟s Guide :
Designing and Optimizing System Software” , First edition, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers,
2004.

REFERENCES:
1. Steve Furber , “ARM System –On –Chip architecture”, Addision Wesley, 2000.
2. Daniel Tabak , “Advanced Microprocessors”, Mc Graw Hill. Inc., 1995
3. James L. Antonakos , “ The Pentium Microprocessor”, Pearson Education, 1997.
4. Gene .H.Miller, “Micro Computer Engineering”, Pearson Education , 2003.
5. John .B.Peatman , “Design with PIC Microcontroller”, Prentice Hall, 1997.
16PTECE6 SOLID STATE ELECTRONIC DEVICES 3 0 0 3
OBJECTIVES:
 To learn crystal structures of elements used for fabrication of semiconductor

devices.
 To study energy band structure of semiconductor devices.
 To study behavior of semiconductor junction under different biasing conditions.
Fabrication of different semiconductor devices, Varactor diode, Zener diode, Schottky
diode, BJT, MOSFET, etc.
 To study the VI Characteristics of devices and their limitations in factors like current,
power frequency.
 To learn photoelectric effect and fabrication of opto electronic devices.
UNIT I CRYSTAL PROPERTIES AND GROWTH OF SEMICONDUCTORS 9Hours

Semiconductor materials - Periodic Structures - Crystal Lattices - Cubic lattices – Planes and
Directions - Diamond lattice - Bulk Crystal Growth - Starting Materials – Growth of Single Crystal
lngots - Wafers - Doping - Epitaxial Growth - Lattice Matching in Epitaxial Growth - Vapor - Phase
Epitaxy - Atoms and Electrons - Introduction to Physical Models- Experimental Observations -
Photoelectric Effect - Atomic spectra - Bohr model -Quantum Mechanics - Probability and
Uncertainty Principle - Schrodinger Wave Equation - Potential Well Equation - Potential well Problem
- Tunneling.
UNIT II ENERGY BANDS AND CHARGE CARRIERS IN SEMICONDUCTORS 9hours
Energy bands in Solids, Energy Bands in Metals, Semiconductors, and Insulators -
Direct and Indirect Semiconductors - Variation of Energy Bands with Alloy Composition-Charge
Carriers in Semiconductors - Electrons and Holes - Electrons and Holes in Quantum Wells - Carrier
Concentrations - Fermi Level - Electron and Hole
Concentrations at Equilibrium - Temperature Dependence of Carrier Concentrations -
Compensation and Space Charge Neutrality - Drift of Carrier in Electric and Magnetic
Fields conductivity and Mobility - Drift and Resistance - Effects of Temperature and
Doping on Mobility - High field effects - Hall Effect - invariance of Fermi level at
equilibrium - Fabrication of p-n junctions, Metal semiconductor junctions.
UNIT III METAL OXIDE SEMICONDUCTOR 9 hours
GaAS MESFET - High Electron Mobility Transistor - Short channel Effects - Metal
Insulator Semiconductor FET - Basic Operation and Fabrication - Effects of Real
Surfaces - Threshold Voltage - MOS capacitance Measurements - current - Voltage
Characteristics of MOS Gate Oxides - MOS Field Effect Transistor - Output
characteristics - Transfer characteristics - Short channel MOSFET V-I characteristics -
Control of Threshold Voltage - Substrate Bias Effects - Sub threshold characteristics -
43
Equivalent Circuit for MOSFET - MOSFET Scaling and Hot Electron Effects - Drain -
Induced Barrier Lowering - short channel and Narrow Width Effect - Gate Induced DrainLeakage.
UNIT IV OPTOELCTRONIC DEVICES 9 hours
Photodiodes - Current and Voltage in illuminated Junction - Solar Cells - Photo detectors- Noise and
Bandwidth of Photo detectors - Light Emitting Diodes - Light Emitting Materials - Fiber Optic
Communications Multilayer Heterojunctions for LEDs - Lasers -Semiconductor lasers - Population
Inversion at a Junction Emission Spectra for p-n junction - Basic Semiconductor lasers - Materials for
Semiconductor lasers.
UNIT-V HIGH FREQUENCY AND HIGH POWER DEVICES 9 hours
Tunnel Diodes, IMPATT Diode, operation of TRAPATT and BARITT Diodes, Gunn
Diode - transferred - electron mechanism, formation and drift of space charge domains,p-n-p-n Diode,
Semiconductor Controlled Rectifier, Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor
TOTAL: 45 hours
COURSE OUTCOMES:
 Understand and describe the impact of solid-state device capabilities and limitations
on electronic circuit performance.
 Understand Fermi levels, movement of charge carriers, Diffusion current and Drift
current.
 Understand the analysis of solid-state circuits utilizing characteristic curves.
 Understand the analysis of solid-state circuits utilizing equivalent circuits or models
and applying the fundamental circuit theorems rather than memorizing equations.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Ben.G.Streetman & Sanjan Banerjee Solid State Electronic Devices (5th Edition) PHI Private Ltd,
2003
2. Yannis Tsividis: Operation & Mode line of The MOS Transistor (2nd Edition) Oxford University
Press, 1999.
REFERENCES:
2. Nandita Das Gupta &Aamitava Das Gupta- Semiconductor Devices Modeling a Technology, PHI,
2004.
3. Solid State Electronic Devices by D. V. Morgan, M. J. Howes, J. K. Sutcliffe PublisherTaylor
& Francis Group, 2002
4. Solid state electronic devices by D. K. Bhattacharya, Rajnish Sharma, Oxford University
Press, 2007
5. Fundamentals of solid-state electronics by Chih-Tang Sah, publisher World Scientific, 1991
16PTECE07 SOFTWARE DEFINED RADIO 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 Introduction to software radio concepts.
 Students will be exposed to Hardware implementation of Smart antenna.
UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO SOFTWARE RADIO CONCEPTS AND MODULATION METHODS

9 hours
software radios: need, concept, characteristics and benefits. Design principles of a software
radio. Common Analog Modulation and Pulse-Shaping Methods.Common Digital Modulation
Methods.
UNIT II RADIO FREQUENCY IMPLEMENTATION ISSUES 9 hours
44
The purpose of the RF front-end, Dynamic range: The principal Challenge of receiver design,
RF receiver front-end topologies, Enhanced flexibility of the RF chain with software radios,
Importance of the components of overall performance, transmitter architectures and their
issues, noise and distortion in the RF chain, ADC and DAC distortion.
UNIT III SMART ANTENNAS 9 hours

Benefits of Smart antenna – Structures of Beamforming systems - Smart antenna
algorithms – hardware implementation of Smart antennas.
UNIT IV DIGITAL HARDWARE CHOICES 9 hours

Introduction, Key Hardware Elements, DSP Processors, FPGA, Tradeoffs in using DSPs
FPGAs and ASICs, Power Management Issues , Combinations of DSPs , FPGAs and ASICs
UNIT V CASE STUDIES IN SOFTWARE RADIO DESIGN 9 hours

Introduction and historical perspective – SDR-3000 Digital transceiver subsystem –
spectrum Ware.
TOTAL: 45 hours
COURSE OUTCOMES
CO1: Define the principles of Software defined Radio.
CO2: Study the principal Challenge of receiver design.
CO3: Perform hardware implementation of Smart antennas.
CO4: Understand the Tradeoffs in using DSPs FPGAs and ASICs.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Software Radio: A Modern Approach to Radio Engineering By Jeffrey H. Reed Pearson
Education Low Price Edition.
2. Tony J Rouphael, RF and DSP for SDR, Elsevier Newnes Press, 2008.
REFERENCES:
2. Paul Burns, Software Defined Radio for 3G, Artech House, 2002.
3. JoukoVanakka, Digital Synthesizers and Transmitter for Software Radio, Springer, 2005.
4. P Kenington, RF and Baseband Techniques for Software Defined Radio, Artech House,
2005.
5. Dynamic Spectrum Access and Management in Cognitive Radio Networks, Ekram
Hossain, DusitNiyato, Zhu Han, Cambridge University Press.
16PTECE08 LOW POWER VLSI DESIGN 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 Identify sources of power in an IC.
 Identify the power reduction techniques based on technology independent and

technology
 Dependent Power dissipation mechanism in various MOS logic style.
 Design memory circuits with low power dissipation.
UNIT I POWER DISSIPATION IN CMOS 9 Hours

Hierarchy of limits of power – Sources of power consumption – Physics of power
45
dissipation in CMOS FET devices – Basic principle of low power design.
UNIT II POWER OPTIMIZATION 9Hours

Logic level power optimization – Circuit level low power design – circuit techniques for
reducing power consumption in adders and multipliers.
UNIT III DESIGN OF LOW POWER CMOS CIRCUITS 9 Hours

Computer arithmetic techniques for low power system – reducing power consumption in
memories – low power clock, Inter connect and layout design – Advanced techniques –
Special techniques.
UNIT IV POWER ESTIMATION 9 Hours

Power Estimation techniques – logic power estimation – Simulation power analysis
–Probabilistic power analysis.
UNIT V SYNTHESIS AND SOFTWARE DESIGN FOR LOW POWER 9Hours

Synthesis for low power – Behavioral level transform – software design for low power.
TOTAL: 45 HOURS
COURSE OUTCOMES
After the successful completion of the course the student will be able to
CO1: Know the basics and advanced techniques in low power design, where the power plays
major role.
CO2: Analyse reduction in power dissipation by an IC.
CO3: Design low power CMOS circuits.
CO4: Perform software design for low power.
TEXT BOOKS
1. Kaushik Roy and S.C.Prasad, “Low power CMOS VLSI circuit design”, Wiley, 2009.
2. Dimitrios Soudris, Chirstian Pignet, Costas Goutis, “Designing CMOS Circuits for Low
Power”, Kluwer, 2010.
REFERENCES
1. J.B.Kulo and J.H Lou, “Low voltage CMOS VLSI Circuits”, Wiley 1999.
2. A.P.Chandrasekaran and R.W.Broadersen, “Low power digital CMOS design”,

Kluwer,1995.
3. Gary Yeap, “Practical low power digital VLSI design”, Kluwer, 1998.
4. Abdelatif Belaouar, Mohamed.I.Elmasry, “Low power digital VLSI design”, Kluwer, 1995.
5. James B.Kulo, Shih-Chia Lin, “Low voltage SOI CMOS VLSI devices and Circuits”, John
Wiley and sons, inc. 2001.
16PTECE09 COMPUTER NETWORKS 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To introduce the basic concept in modern data communication and computer
46
networking.
 To introduce the students the functions of different layers and in depth knowledge of
data link layer.
 To make students to get familiarized with different protocols and network layer
components.
 To introduce the basic functions of transport layer and congestion in networks.
 To understand the concepts of various network Applications and Data security.
UNIT-I DATA COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORK MODELS 9 hours

Components – networks – Components and Categories – Topologies –Protocols and
Standards – The OSI model – Addressing- Transmission Media – Guided media & Unguided
media- Dial-up Modems- EIA 232 Interfacing sequence-Switching:Circuit switched networks-
Packet switching:Datagram Networks-Virtual Circuit Networks
UNIT-II DATA LINK LAYER 9 hours

Introduction -Error detection and correction :Block coding-Linear block coding-cyclic codes-
checksum-Framing- Flow Control and Error control- Noiseless channel- Noisy channel–
HDLC- Wired LANs: Ethernet IEEE 802.3, IEEE 802.4, and IEEE 802.5 – Wireless LANs:IEEE
802.11–Connecting devices- SONET.
UNIT-III NETWORK LAYER 9 hours

IPv4 Addresses: Address space, Notations, classful addressing, classeless addressing, NAT-
Internetworking-Ipv4:datagram, Fragmentation, Checksum – IPv6-Unicast routing protocol:
Distance Vector Routing – Link State Routing – Multicast Routing.
UNIT-IV TRANSPORT LAYER 9 hours

Duties of transport layer – Multiplexing – De multiplexing –connectionless versus
connection –oriented service,Reliable versus Unreliable– User Datagram Protocol (UDP) –
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) – Congestion Control and Quality of services (QoS) –
Integrated Services
UNIT-V APPLICATION LAYER 9 hours

Domain Name Space (DNS) –Electronic mail- File Transfer Protocol- Hyper Text Transfer
Protocol - World Wide Web – Security:– Principals of Cryptography –Network
security:Message Integrity ,Message Authentication – Security in Internet:PGP, Firewalls.
TOTAL: 45 hours
COURSE OUTCOMES
After completion of this course, the students would be able to,
CO1: Classify the available networks and the media used in the networking
depending on the standards and the different level of layers in the protocol.
CO2: Provide a error free communication and controlled communication.
CO3: Form a efficient route between soruce and destination
CO4: Design a quality service among the networks.
CO5: Create a secured connection and can also analyze networks security.
.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Behrouz A. Foruzan, “Data communication and Networking”, TMH, 4th edition, 2014.
2. James. F. Kurouse & W. Rouse, “Computer Networking: A Top down Approach Featuring”,
TMH, 2012.
REFERENCES:
1. Larry L.Peterson & Peter S. Davie, “Computer Networks”, Harcourt Asia Pvt. Ltd., Second
47
Edition.
2. Andrew S. Tanenbaum, “Computer Networks”, PHI, Fourth Edition, 2003.
3. William Stallings, “Data and Computer Communication”, Sixth Edition, Pearson Education,
2000.
4. Ajit Pal, “Data Communication and Computer Networks”, PHI, 2014.
16PTECE10 ADVANCED DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 The course emphasizes intuitive understanding of signal processing techniques.
 Students will be able to represent FIR adaptive filters analytically and visualize them
in the time domain.
 Students will be able to specify and design any wavelet transform using MATLAB.
UNIT-I PARAMETRIC METHODS FOR POWER SPECTRUM ESTIMATION

9 hours
Relationship between the auto correlation and the model parameters – The Yule – Walker
method for the AR Model Parameters – The Burg Method for the AR Model parameters –
unconstrained least-squares method for the AR Model parameters – sequential estimation
methods for the AR Model parameters – selection of AR Model order.
UNIT-II ADAPTIVE SIGNAL PROCESSING 9 hours

FIR adaptive filters – steepest descent adaptive filter – LMS algorithm –
convergence of LMS algorithms – Application: noise cancellation – channel equalization –
adaptive recursive filters – recursive least squares.
UNIT-III MULTIRATE SIGNAL PROCESSING 9 hours

Decimation by a factor D – Interpolation by a factor I – Filter Design and
implementation for sampling rate conversion: Direct form FIR filter structures – Polyphase
filter structure.
UNIT-IV SPEECH SIGNAL PROCESSING 9 hours

Digital models for speech signal : Mechanism of speech production – model for vocal tract,
radiation and excitation – complete model – time domain processing of speech signal:-
Pitch period estimation – using autocorrelation function – Linear predictive Coding: Basic
Principles – autocorrelation method – Durbin recursive solution.
UNIT-V WAVELET TRANSFORMS 9 hours

Fourier Transform : Its power and Limitations – Short Time Fourier Transform – The
Gabor Transform - Discrete Time Fourier Transform and filter banks – Continuous Wavelet
Transform – Wavelet Transform Ideal Case – Perfect Reconstruction Filter Banks and
wavelets – Recursive multi-resolution decomposition – Haar Wavelet – Daubechies Wavelet.
TOTAL: 45 hours
COURSE OUTCOMES
CO1: Understand the parametric methods for power spectrum estimation
CO2: Study about adaptive signal processing
CO3: Study the multirate signal processing
48
CO4: Study the speech signal processing
CO5: Study the fundamentals of wavelet transform.
TEXTBOOKS:
1. John G.Proakis, Dimitris G.Manobakis, Digital Signal Processing, Principles, Algorithms
and Applications, fourth edition, Pearson Education,2012
2. Monson H.Hayes –Statistical Digital Signal Processing and Modeling,Wiley,2008
REFERENCES:
1. L.R.Rabiner and R.W.Schaber, Digital Processing of Speech Signals, Pearson Education
(1979).
2. Roberto Crist, Modern Digital Signal Processing, Thomson Brooks/Cole (2004)
3. John M Yarbrough “Digital Logic applications and Design” Thomson Learning, 2001
4. S.K. Mithra, ―Digital Signal Processing: A computer based Approach‖, Tata McGraw Hill,
New Delhi
16PTECE11 NANOELECTRONICS AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 3003
OBJECTIVES:
 To gain knowledge about basic semiconductor metals & its characteristics
 To learn about overview of nanoelectronics.
 To study the basic components of electronic systems.
 To learn about sensor fabrication and applications.

UNIT-I SEMICONDUCTOR NANODEVICES 9 hours
Single-Electron Devices; Nano scale MOSFET – Resonant Tunneling Transistor - Single-
lectron Transistors; Single-Electron Dynamics; Nanorobotics and Nanomanipulation;
Mechanical Molecular Nanodevices; Nanocomputers: Theoretical Models; Optical Fibers for
Nanodevices; Photochemical Molecular Devices; DNA-Based Nanodevices; Gas-Based
Nanodevices; Micro and Nanomechanics.
UNIT-II ELECTRONIC AND PHOTONIC MOLECULAR MATERIALS 9 hours
Preparation –Electroluminescent Organic materials - Laser Diodes - Quantum well lasers:-
Quantum cascade lasers- Cascade surface-emitting photonic crystal laser- Quantum dot
lasers- Quantum wire lasers:- White LEDs - LEDs based on nanowires - LEDs based on
nanotubes- LEDs based on nanorods High Efficiency Materials for OLEDs- High Efficiency
Materials for OLEDs - Quantum well infrared photo detectors.
UNIT-III THERMAL SENSORS 9 hours

Thermal energy sensors -temperature sensors, heat sensors- Electromagnetic sensors-
electrical resistance sensors, electrical current sensors, electrical voltage sensors, electrical
power sensors, magnetism sensors - Mechanical sensors -pressure sensors, gas and liquid
flow sensors, position sensors - Chemical sensors - Optical and radiation sensors.
UNIT-IV GAS SENSOR MATERIALS 9 hours
49
Criteria for the choice of materials, Experimental aspects – materials, properties,
measurement of gas sensing property, sensitivity; Discussion of sensors for various gases,
Gas sensors based on semiconductor devices.
UNIT-VBIOSENSORS 9 hours
Principles- DNA based biosensors – Protein based biosensors – materials for biosensor
applications- fabrication of biosensors—future potential.
Total: 45 hours
COURSE OUTCOMES:
 To understand basic and advanced concepts of nano electronic devices, sensors and
transducers and their applications in nanotechnology.
 To design advanced electronic systems integrated on a miniaturized Silicon chip.
 To have detailed knowledge of the operation of micro- and nanoscale devices, their
applications and the technologies used to fabricate them.
 Apply the basic nano sensor concepts for their applications

TEXT BOOKS:
1. W. Ranier, “Nano Electronics and Information Technology”, Wiley, (2003).

2. K.E. Drexler, “Nano systems”, Wiley, (1992).
REFERENCES:
1. M.C. Pettey, “Introduction to Molecular Electronics”.
2. Nanotechnology: a Gentle Introduction to the Next big idea By Daniel Ratner
Prentice Hall PTR, 2003
3. Nanotechnology: an Introduction to Nanostructuring Techniques By J. Michael
Köhler, Wolfgang Fritzsche Wiley-VCH, 2007 2nd Edition
4. Nano-Engineering in Science and Technology: an Introduction to the world of
Nano- design By Michael Rieth World Scientific Publication, 2003
16PTECE12 ADVANCED ELECTRONIC SYSTEM DESIGN 3 0 0 3
OBJECTIVES:
 To study RF component such as resonator, filter, transmission lines, etc…

 To learn design of RF amplifiers using transistors.
 To study modern Power Supplies using SCR and SMPS technology
 To learn about signal shielding & grounding techniques and study of A/D and D/A
Converters.
 To learn knowledge about fabrication of PCBs using CAD.
UNIT-I INTRODUCTION TO RF DESIGN 9 hours

RF behaviour of passive components, Chip components and circuit board considerations,
Review of transmission lines, Impedance and admittance transformation, Parallel and series
connection of networks, ABCD and scattering parameters, Analysis of amplifier using
50
scattering parameter. RF filter – Basic resonator and filter configurations – Butterworth and
Chebyshev filters. Implementation of microstrip filter design. Band pass filter and
cascading of band pass filter elements.
UNIT-II RF TRANSISTOR AMPLIFIER DESIGN 9 hours

Impedance matching using discrete components. Microstrip line matching networks.
Amplifier classes of operation and biasing networks – Amplifier power gain, Unilateral
design(S12 =0) – Simple input and output matching networks – Bilateral design - Stability
circle and conditional stability, Simultaneous conjugate matching for unconditionally stable
transistors. Broadband amplifiers, High power amplifiers and multistage amplifiers.
UNIT-III DESIGN OF POWER SUPPLIES 9 hours

DC power supply design using transistors and SCRs, Design of crowbar and foldback
protection circuits, Switched mode power supplies, Forward, flyback, buck and boost
converters, Design of transformers and control circuits for SMPS.
UNIT-IV DESIGN OF DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEMS 9 hours

Amplification of Low level signals, Grounding, Shielding and Guarding techniques, Dual slope,
quad slope and high speed A/D converters, Microprocessors Compatible A/D converters,
Multiplying A/D converters and Logarithmic A/D converters, Sample and Hold, Design of two
and four wire transmitters.
UNIT-VDESIGN OF PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARDS 9 hours

Introduction to technology of printed circuit boards (PCB), General lay out and rules and
parameters, PCB design rules for Digital, High Frequency, Analog, Power Electronics and
Microwave circuits, Computer Aided design of PCBs.
TOTAL: 45 hours
COURSE OUTCOMES:
 Understand the key concepts of feedback in electronic circuits
 Understand the concepts of filter design, and be able to demonstrate knowledge and
understanding of how to design a simple filter using operational amplifiers
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Reinhold Luduig and Pavel Bretchko, RF Circuit Design – Theory and Applications,
2. Sydney Soclof, “Applications of Analog Integrated Circuits”, Prentice Hall of India,
1990.
REFERENCES:
1. Keith H.Billings, “Handbook of Switched Mode Supplies” McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.,

1989.
2. Michael Jaacob, “Applications and Design with Analog Integrated Circuits” Prentice
Hall of India, 1991.
3. Otmar Kigenstein, “Switched Mode Power supplies in Practice”, John Wiley and
Sons, 1989.
4. Muhammad H.Rashid, Power Electronics – Circuits, Devices and Applications,
Prentice Hall of India, 2004.
51
16PTECE13 RADAR AND NAVIGATIONAL AIDS 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To introduce the students about various types of radar and its applications. To
enhance the knowledge of students from radar communication systems.
UNIT-I RADAR AND RADAR EQUATION 9 hours

Introduction to Radar: Basic Radar –The simple form of the Radar Equation- Radar Block
Diagram- Radar Frequencies –Applications of Radar – The Origins of Radar -TheRadar
Equation: Introduction- Detection of Signals in Noise- Receiver Noise and the Signal-to-Noise
Ratio-Probability Density Functions- Probabilities of Detection and False Alarm
UNIT-II MTI AND PULSE DOPPLER RADAR 9 hours

Introduction to Doppler and MTI Radar- Delay –Line Cancellers- Staggered Pulse Repetition
Frequencies –Doppler Filter Banks - Digital MTI Processing - Moving Target Detector -
Limitations to MTI Performance - MTI from a Moving Platform (AMIT) - Pulse Doppler Radar
– Tracking with Radar –Monopulse Tracking –Conical Scan and Sequential Lobing -
Limitations to Tracking Accuracy - Low-Angle Tracking - Tracking in Range - Automatic
Tracking with Surveillance Radars (ADT).
UNIT-III DETECTION OF SIGNALS AND RADAR COMMUNICATION 9 hours Detection of

Signals in Noise: Introduction – Matched –Filter Receiver –Detection Criteria – Detectors -
Automatic Detector - Integrators - Constant-False-Alarm Rate Receivers - The Radar operator
- Signal Management - Propagation of Radar Waves - Atmospheric Refraction -Standard
propagation - Nonstandard Propagation - The Radar Antenna - Reflector Antennas -
Electronically Steered Phased Array Antennas - Phase Shifters - Frequency-Scan Arrays
Radar Transmitters: Introduction –Linear Beam Power Tubes - Solid State RF Power
Sources - Magnetron - Crossed Field Amplifiers - Radar Receivers: The Radar Receiver -
Receiver noise Figure - Superheterodyne Receiver - Duplexers and Receiver Protectors- Radar
Displays.
UNIT-IV FUNDAMENTALS OF NAVIGATION 9 hours

Introduction: Introduction - Four methods of Navigation -Radio Direction Finding: The Loop
Antenna - Loop Input Circuits - An Aural Null Direction Finder - The Goniometer - Errors in
Direction Finding - Adcock Direction Finders - Direction Finding at Very High Frequencies -
Automatic Direction Finders - The Commutated Aerial Direction Finder - Range and Accuracy
of Direction Finders -Radio Range-Hyperbolic Systems of Navigation (Loran and Decca).
UNIT-V NAVIGATION SYSTEMS 9

hours
DME and TACAN-Aids to Approach and Landing-Doppler Navigation- The Doppler Effect -
Beam Configurations -Doppler Frequency Equations - Track Stabilization - Doppler Spectrum
- Components of the Doppler Navigation System - Doppler range Equation - Accuracy of
Doppler Navigation Systems-Inertial Navigation- Principles of Operation - Navigation Over
the Earth - Components of an Inertial Navigation System - Earth Coordinate Mechanization -
Strapped-Down Systems - Accuracy of Inertial Navigation Systems-Satellite Navigation
System
TOTAL: 45 hours
COURSE OUTCOMES
CO1: Find the signal to noise ratio in the radar system.
CO2: Understand about MTI and pulse Doppler radar.
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CO3: Detection of signals and radar communication
CO4: Study about the fundamentals of navigation
CO5: Study about the fundamentals of navigation systems
TEXTBOOKS:
1. Merrill I. Skolnik ," Introduction to Radar Systems", Tata McGraw-Hill (3rd Edition) 2008
2 N.S. Nagaraja, “Elements of Navigation Electronics”, 2nd edition, TMH,2006
REFERENCES:
1. Peyton Z. Peebles:, "Radar Principles", Johnwiley, 2004
2. Richards, Fundamentals of radar signal processing , 1st edition, tata mcgraw-hill
education pvt. Ltd.
3. J.C Toomay, " Principles of Radar", 2nd Edition –PHI, 2004
4. Pritchard, satellite communication systems engineering , 2nd Edition Pearson Education
Pvt. Ltd
16PTECE14 COMPUTER HARDWARE AND INTERFACING 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 It provides insight to the various parts and types of computer.
 It familiarizes the hardware types and the evolution in each of them.
 The course focuses on I/O peripherals design, execution, storage systems and bus
architecture.
UNIT-I CPU AND MEMORY 9 hours

CPU essentials – processor modes – modern CPU concepts – Architectural performance
features – the Intel’s CPU – CPU over clocking – over clocking requirements – over clocking
the system – over clocking the Intel processors – Essential memory concepts – memory
organizations – memory packages – modules – logical memory organizations – memory
considerations – memory types – memory techniques – selecting and installing memory.
UNIT-II MOTHERBOARDS 9 hours

Active motherboards – sockets and slots – Intel D850GB – Pentium4 mother board –
expansion slots – form factor – upgrading a mother board – chipsets – north bridge – south
bridge – CMOS – CMOS optimization tactics – configuring the standard CMOS setup –
motherboard BIOS – POST – BIOS features – BIOS and Boot sequences – BIOS
shortcomings and compatibility issues – power supplies and power management –
concepts of switching regulation – potential power problems – power management.
UNIT-III STORAGE DEVICES 9 hours

The floppy drive – magnetic storage – magnetic recording principles – data and disk
organization – floppy drive – hard drive – data organization and hard drive – sector layout –
IDE drive standard and features – Hard drive electronics – CD-ROM drive – construction –
CDROM electronics – DVD-ROM – DVD media – DVD drive and decoder.
UNIT-IV I/O PERIPHERALS 9 hours

Parallel port – signals and timing diagram – IEEE1284 modes – asynchronous
communication - serial port signals – video adapters – graphic accelerators – 3D graphics
accelerator issues – DirectX – mice – modems – keyboards – sound boards – audio bench
marks.
53
UNIT-VBUS ARCHITECTURE 9 hours
Buses – Industry standard architecture (ISA), peripheral component Interconnect (PCI) –
Accelerated Graphics port (AGP) – plug-and-play devices – SCSI concepts – USB
architecture.
TOTAL: 45 hours
COURSE OUTCOMES
UPON COMPLETION OF THIS COURSE THE STUDENT WILL HAVE
CO1: ABILITY TO UNDERSTAND THE BASICS CONCEPTS OF COMPUTER PERFORMANCE, ARCHITECTURE
DESIGN AND MEMORY TYPES.
CO2:TO UNDERSTAND THE BASIC STRUCTURE AND OPERATION OF MOTHERBOARDS

CO3:ANALYSE AND STUDY OF STORAGE DEVICES AND HARD DRIVE ELECTRONICS
CO4: TO STUDY THE DIFFERENT WAYS OF COMMUNICATING WITH I/O DEVICES AND STANDARD I/O
INTERFACES
CO5: TO STUDY THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF BUSES.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Stephen J.Bigelow, “Trouble Shooting, maintaining and Repairing PCs”, Tata McGraw-Hill,
New Delhi, 2001.
2. Craig Zacker& John Rourke, “The complete reference:PC hardware”, Tata McGraw-Hill,
New Delhi, 2001.
REFERENCES:
1. Mike Meyers, “Introduction to PC Hardware and Troubleshooting”, Tata McGraw-Hill,
New Delhi, 2003.
2. B.Govindarajulu, “IBM PC and Clones hardware trouble shooting and maintenance”, Tata
McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, 2002.
3. Interfacing to the IBM Personal Computer By Lewis C. Eggebrecht H.W. Sams
Publications, 1983.
4. Computer organization and design: the hardware/software interfaceBy John L.
Hennessy, David A. Patterson Morgan Kaufmann Publications, 1994
16PTECE15 SPEECH PROCESSING 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To introduce signal processing and statistical techniques that are used in processing
speech signals and to give students an understanding of how these techniques are
used in the analyses, coding and recognition of speech.
UNIT-I NATURE OF SPEECH SIGNAL 9 hours

Speech production mechanism, Classification of speech, sounds, nature of speech signal,
models of speech production-Speech signal processing: purpose of speech processing,
digital models for speech signal, Digital processing of speech signals, Significance, short
time analysis.
UNIT-II TIME DOMAIN METHODS FOR SPEECH PROCESSING 9 hours

Time domain parameters of speech, methods for extracting the parameters, Zero crossings,
Auto correlation function, pitch estimation.
54
UNIT-III FREQUENCY DOMAIN METHODS FOR SPEECH PROCESSING 9 hours
Short time Fourier analysis, filter bank analysis, spectrographic analysis, Format extraction,
pitch extraction, Analysis - synthesis systems.
UNIT-IV LINEAR PREDICTIVE CODING OF SPEECH 9 hours

Formulation of linear prediction problem in time domain, solution of normal equations,
Interpretation of linear prediction in auto correlation and spectral domains.
UNIT-VHOMOMORPHIC SPEECH ANALYSIS 9 hours

Central analysis of speech, format and pitch estimation, Applications of speech processing -
Speech recognition, Speech synthesis and speaker verification.
TOTAL: 45 hours
COURSE OUTCOMES
CO1: Understand the nature of the speech signal.
CO2: Extract the time domain features for speech processing.
CO3: Extract the frequency domain features for speech processing.
CO4: Analyze the linear predictive coding for speech.
CO5: Analyze the speech signals in various ways.
TEXTBOOKS:
1. L.R. Rabiner and R.W Schafer : Digital processing of speech signals, Pearson education,
2009.
2. B.Gold and N. Morgan, “Speech and Audio Signal Processing”, John Wiley, 2011.
REFERENCES:
1. J.L Flanagan, Speech Analysis Synthesis and Perception - 2nd Edition - Sprenger Vertag,
1972.
2. I.H.Witten: Principles of Computer Speech , Academic press, 1983.
3. A. M. Kondoz, “Digital Speech”, John Wiley.
4. Speech processing in the auditory system by Steven Greenberg, Springer, 2004
16PTECE16 VIRTUAL INSTRUMENTATION 3003
OBJECTIVES:
 To review background information required for studying virtual instrumentation.

 To study the basic building blocks of virtual instrumentation.
 To study the various techniques of interfacing of external instruments of PC.
 To study the various graphical programming environment in virtual instrumentation.
 To study a few applications in virtual instrumentation.
UNIT-I OVERVIEW OF VIRTUAL INSTRUMENTATION 9 hours

Historical perspective and traditional bench-top instruments - General functional description of a
digital instrument- Block diagram of a Virtual Instrument – Physical quantities and analog
interfaces- Hardware and Software – User Interfaces -Advantages of Virtual Instruments over
conventional instruments – Architecture of a Virtual Instruments and its relation to the operating
system.
55
UNIT-II LABVIEW PROGRAMMING TOOLS 9 hours
LabVIEW – graphical user interfaces- controls and Indicators – ‘G’ programming –data types
–data flow programming –Editing Debugging and Running a Virtual Instrument –Graphical
programming palettes and tools – Front panel objects – Function and Libraries.
UNIT-III CONDITIONAL OPERATIONS 9 hours FOR Loops,

WHILE loops, Shift Registers, CASE structure, formula nodes-Sequence structures- Arrays and
Clusters- Array operations – Bundle, Unbundle – Bundle/Unbundle by name, graphs and charts –
string and file I/O – High level and Low level file I/Os – attribute nodes local and global variables.
UNIT-IV INSTALLATION PROCESS 9 hours

Basics of DAQ Hardware and Software – Concepts of Data Acquisition and terminology –
Installing Hardware, Installing drivers -Configuring the Hardware – addressing the hardware in
LabVIEW- Digital and Analog I/O function – Buffered I/O–Real-time Data Acquisition.
UNIT-V GRAPHICAL PROGRAMMING 9 hours

Simple programs in VI- Advanced concepts in LabVIEW- TCP/IP VI’s, Synchronization – other
elements of Virtual Instrumentation – Bus extensions – PXI - Computer based instruments -
Image acquisition –Motion Control.
TOTAL: 45 hours
COURSE OUTCOMES:
 Apply the knowledge of LabVIEW programming for simulating and analyzing the data.
 Create applications that uses plug in DAQ boards and built in analysis functions to
process the data.
 Design and analyze various applications using signal Processing tool kit
 Apply structured programming concepts in developing VI programs and employ
various debugging techniques.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Garry M. Johnson, “LabVIEW Graphical Programming”, Tata McGraw-Hill, Edition, 1996
2. Lisa.K.Wills, “LabVIEW for Everyone” Prentice Hall of India, 1996.
REFERENCES:
1.Labview Basics I and II Manual, National Instruments, 2003
2. Barry Paton, “Sensor, Transducers and Lab VIEW”, Prentice Hall, 2000.
3. LabVIEW based advanced instrumentation systems By S. Sumathi, P. Surekha
Springer Publication
4. Instrument Engineers' Handbook: Process control and optimization By Béla G.
Lipták ISA Press, 4th Edition.
16PTECE17 OPTO ELECTRONIC DEVICES 3 0 0 3
56
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To understand the basics of solid state physics
 To understand the basics of display devices.
 To understand the optical detection devices.
 To understand the design of optoelectronic integrated circuits
UNIT-I ELEMENTS OF LIGHT AND SOLID STATE PHYSICS 9 hours

Wave nature of light, Polarization, Interference, Diffraction, Light Source, review of Quantum
Mechanical concept, Review of Solid State Physics, Review of Semiconductor Physics and
Semiconductor Junction Device.
UNIT-II DISPLAY DEVICES AND LASERS 9 hours

Introduction, Photo Luminescence, Cathode Luminescence, Electro Luminescence, Injection
Luminescence, Injection Luminescence, LED, Plasma Display, Liquid Crystal Displays,
Numeric Displays, Laser Emission, Absorption of Radiation, Population Inversion, Optical
Feedback, Threshold condition, Laser Modes, Classes of Lasers, Mode Locking, laser
applications.
UNIT-III OPTICAL DETECTION DEVICES 9 hours

Photo detector, Thermal detector, Photo Devices, Photo Conductors, Photo diodes, Detector
Performance.
UNIT-IV OPTOELECTRONIC MODULATOR 9 hours

Introduction, Analog and Digital Modulation, Electro-optic modulators, Magneto Optic
Devices, Acoustoptic devices, Optical, Switching and Logic Devices.
UNIT-VOPTOELECTRONIC INTEGRATED CIRCUITS 9 hours

Introduction, hybrid and Monolithic Integration, Application of Opto Electronic Integrated
Circuits, Integrated transmitters and Receivers, Guided wave devices.
TOTAL: 45hours
COURSE OUTCOMES
CO1: Understand the state-of-art optoelectronic technology.
CO2: Understand the role of quantum mechanics in the design and operation of
optoelectronic devices.
CO3: Understand semiconductor material properties.
CO4: Analyze the optoelectronic modulators.
CO5: Analyze the optoelectronic integrated circuits.
TEXTBOOKS:
1. J. Wilson and J.Haukes, “Opto Electronics – An Introduction”, Prentice Hall of India Pvt.
Ltd., New Delhi, 1995.
2. R.G.Hunsperger, “Integrated Optics – Theory and Technology”, Springer series in Optical
Sciences, 3rd edition, 1991
REFERENCES:
1. Bhattacharya “Semiconductor Opto Electronic Devices”, Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd.,
New Delhi, 2006.
2. Jasprit Singh, “Opto Electronics – As Introduction to materials and devices” McGraw-Hill
International Edition, 1998.
3. Optoelectronics By Emmanuel Rosencher, BorgeVinter, Cambridge University Press,
2002
57
4. Handbook of optoelectronics, Volume 1 By John Dakin, Robert G. W. Brown CRC
Press, 2006
16PTECE18 REMOTE SENSING 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To familiarize the students about the concepts of optical and microwave remote
sensing
 To provide the deep knowledge about EMR interaction with atmosphere and earth
materials.
UNIT-I REMOTE SENSING 9 hours

Definition – Components of Remote Sensing – Energy, Sensor, Interacting Body - Active and
Passive Remote Sensing – Platforms – Aerial and Space Platforms – Balloons, Helicopters,
Aircraft and Satellites – Synoptivity and Repetitivity – Electro Magnetic Radiation (EMR) –
EMR spectrum – Visible, Infra Red (IR), Near IR, Middle IR, Thermal IR and Microwave –
Black Body Radiation - Planck’s law – Stefan-Boltzman law.
UNIT-II EMR INTERACTION WITH ATMOSPHERE AND EARTH MATERIALS

9 hours
Atmospheric characteristics – Scattering of EMR – Raleigh, Mie, Non-selective and Raman
Scattering – EMR Interaction with Water vapour and ozone – Atmospheric Windows –
Significance of Atmospheric windows – EMR interaction with Earth Surface Materials –
Radiance, Irradiance, Incident, Reflected, Absorbed and Transmitted Energy – Reflectance –
Specular and Diffuse Reflection Surfaces- Spectral Signature – Spectral Signature curves –
EMR interaction with water, soil and Earth Surface:Imaging spectrometry and spectral
characteristics.
UNIT-III OPTICAL AND MICROWAVE REMOTE SENSING 9 hours

Satellites - Classification – Based on Orbits and Purpose – Satellite Sensors - Resolution –
Description of Multi Spectral Scanning – Along and Across Track Scanners – Description of
Sensors in Landsat, SPOT, IRS series – Current Satellites - Radar – Speckle - Back Scattering
– Side Looking Airborne Radar – Synthetic Aperture Radar – Radiometer – Geometrical
characteristics ; Sonar remote sensing systems.
UNIT-IV GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM 9 hours

GIS – Components of GIS – Hardware, Software and Organisational Context – Data – Spatial
and Non-Spatial – Maps – Types of Maps – Projection – Types of Projection - Data Input –
Digitizer, Scanner – Editing – Raster and Vector data structures – Comparison of Raster and
Vector data structure – Analysis using Raster and Vector data – Retrieval, Reclassification,
Overlaying, Buffering – Data Output – Printers and Plotters
UNIT-V MISCELLANEOUS TOPICS 9 hours

Visual Interpretation of Satellite Images – Elements of Interpretation - Interpretation Keys
Characteristics of Digital Satellite Image – Image enhancement – Filtering – Classification -
Integration of GIS and Remote Sensing – Application of Remote Sensing and GIS – Urban
Applications- Integration of GIS and Remote Sensing – Application of Remote Sensing and
GIS – Water resources – Urban Analysis – Watershed Management – Resources
Information Systems. Global positioning system – an introduction.
TOTAL: 45 hours
COURSE OUTCOMES
CO1: Understand the fundamentals of remote sensing.
58
CO2: Analyze the EMR interaction with the atmosphere and earth materials.
CO3: Understand optical and microwave sensing.
CO4: Understand GIS concepts.
CO5: Analyze the applications of remote sensing.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. M.G. Srinivas(Edited by), Remote Sensing Applications, Narosa Publishing House, 2001.
2. Anji Reddy, Remote Sensing and Geographical Information Systems, BS Publications
2008.
REFERENCES:
1. Jensen, J.R., Remote sensing of the environment, Prentice Hall, 2000.
2. Kang-TsungChang,”Introduction to Geograhic Information Systems”, TMH, 2002
3. Lillesand T.M. and Kiefer R.W., “Remote Sensing and Image Interpretation”, John Wiley
and Sons, Inc, New York, 1987.
4. Janza.F.J., Blue, H.M., and Johnston, J.E., "Manual of Remote Sensing Vol. I., American
Society of Photogrammetry, Virginia, U.S.A, 1975.
12PTECE19 INTERNET OF THINGS 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To gain an understanding of IoT market perspective.
 To familiarize the students about the devices in IoT Technology
 To understand the state of the art – IoT architecture.
 To gain knowledge on the constraints in real world IoT design.
UNIT-I M2M TO IOT – THE VISION 9 hours

Introduction, From M2M to IoT, M2M towards IoT-the global context, A use case example,
Differing Characteristics.
UNIT-II M2M TO IOT – A MARKET PERSPECTIVE 9 hours
Introduction, Some Definitions, M2M Value Chains, IoT Value Chains, An emerging industrial
structure for IoT, The international driven global value chain and global information
monopolies. M2M to IoT-An Architectural Overview– Building an architecture, Main design
principles and needed capabilities, An IoT architecture outline, standards considerations.
UNIT-III M2M AND IOT TECHNOLOGY FUNDAMENTALS 9 hours

Devices and gateways, Local and wide area networking, Data management, Business
processes in IoT, Everything as a Service(XaaS), M2M and IoT Analytics, Knowledge
Management
UNIT-IV IOT ARCHITECTURE 9 hours

IoT Architecture- State of the Art, Architecture Reference Model- Introduction, Reference
Model and architecture, IoT reference Model, IoT Reference Architecture, Real World Design
Constraints.
UNIT-V IOT USE CASES 9 hours

Industrial Automation- Service-oriented architecture-based device integration, SOCRADES:
realizing the enterprise integrated Web of Things, IMC-AESOP: from the Web of Things to the
Cloud of Things, Commercial Building Automation- Introduction, Case study: phase one-
commercial building automation today, Case study: phase two- commercial building
59
automation in the future.
TOTAL: 45 hours
COURSE OUTCOMES
CO1: Understand the vision of IoT from a global context.
CO2: Determine the Market perspective of IoT.
CO3: Use the Devices, Gateways and Data Management in IoT.
CO4: Build state of the art architecture in IoT.
CO5: Apply the knowledge of IoT in Industrial and Commercial Building Automation and Real
World Design Constraints.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Jan Holler, Vlasios Tsiatsis, Catherine Mulligan, Stefan Avesand, Stamatis
Karnouskos, David Boyle, “From Machine-to-Machine to the Internet of Things:
Introduction to a New Age of Intelligence”, 1st Edition, Academic Press, 2014.
2. Olivier Hersent, david Boswarthick, Omar Elloumi, ‘The Internet of Things Applications
to the smart grid and building automation’, John Wiley & Sons, 2012.
REFERENCES:
1. Vijay Madisetti and Arshdeep Bahga, “Internet of Things (A Hands-on-
Approach)”, 1stEdition, VPT, 2014.
2. Francis daCosta, “Rethinking the Internet of Things: A Scalable Approach to
Connecting Everything”, 1st Edition, Apress Publications, 2013
3. Hakima Chaouchi, ‘The Internet of Things Connecting Objects’, John Wiley & Sons,
2010.
4. Fabrice Theoleyr, Ai-Chun Pang, ‘Internet of Things and M2M Communications’, River
Publishers, 2013.
12PTECE20 MEDICAL ELECTRONICS 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To gain knowledge about various physiological parameters electrical and non
–electrical and methods of recording and also method of transmitting these
parameters.
 To study about various assist devices used in hospitals.
 To gain knowledge about equipment used for physical medicine and various recently
developed diagnostics and therapeutic techniques.
UNIT-I BIOELECTRIC SIGNALS AND RECORDINGS 9 hours

Origin of Bio electric signals- characteristics and its typical waveform [ECG, EEG, EMG, EOG,
ERG], Recording electrodes-electrodes tissue interface- contact impedance - effects of high
contact impedance, Types of electrodes- electrodes for ECG, EEG and EMG.
UNIT-II NON ELECTRICAL PARAMETER MEASUREMENT& PATIENT MONITORING

9 hours
Audiometer, Electromagnetic Flow meter, Diagnostic Ultrasound, Heart rate measurement
Pulse rate measurement- Transmission and Reflectance method, Respiration rate
60
measurement, Blood pressure measurement-Direct and indirect method , microprocessor
applications in patient monitoring
UNIT-III MEDICAL IMAGING SYSTEM 9 hours

Radiography, Computed Radiography, Computed Tomography, MRI, Nuclear medicine,
Positron Emission Tomography.
UNIT-IV THERAPEUTIC AND PROSTHETIC DEVICES 9 hours

Cardiac Pacemakers, Defibrillators, Hemodialysis, Ventilators, Infant Incubators, Drug
Delivery devices, Surgical Instruments, Therapeutic applications of LASER.
UNIT-V SAFETY ASPECTS OF MEDICAL DEVICES & CLINICAL LABORATORY

INSTRUMENTATION 9 hours
Gross current, Micro Current shock, safety standards rays and considerations, safety testing
instruments, Spectrophotometry, Automated chemical analyzers. , Introduction to
Telemedicine.
TOTAL: 45 hours
COURSE OUTCOMES
CO1: Understand various bio electric signals.
CO2: Discuss the application of electronics in diagnostics and therapeutic area.
CO3: Measure biochemical and other physiological information.
CO4: Describe the working units which will help to restore normal functioning.
CO5: Analyze the safety aspects of medical equipment.
TEXTBOOKS:
1. Khandpur, R.S., Handbook of Biomedical Instrumentation, TATA McGraw- Hill, New Delhi,
2014
2. John G. Webster, Medical Instrumentation Application and Design, John Wiley and Sons,
4th edn., 2009
REFERENCES:
1. Joseph J.Carr and John M.Brown, Introduction to Biomedical equipment Technology,
2. George Edward Donovan, Medical electronics, Butterworth Publications, 1953
3. Edward J. Bukstein, Medical electronics, Ungar Publications, 2002
4. C.M. Smyth, Medical electronics, Iliffe Publication, 1999
12PTECE21 SATELLITE COMMUNICATION 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 Know the different orbits based on various laws of Kepler and calculation of
elevation and azimuth angle based on geostationary orbits.
 Describe the various subsystems and outline the fundamental concepts of control
mechanism.
 Calculate the power requirement in satellite communication for uplink and down link.
 Have the knowledge of multiple access techniques in satellite communication.
 Have the idea of available services provided by satellite communication and the
various applications.
UNIT-I OVERVIEW OF SATELLITE SYSTEMS, ORBITS AND LAUNCHING METHODS 9hours
61
Introduction – Frequency Allocations for Satellite Services – INTELSAT – U.S.Domsats –
Polar Orbiting Satellites. Kepler’s First Law – Kepler’s Second Law – Kepler’s Third Law –
Definitions of Terms for Earth-orbiting Satellites – Orbital Elements – Apogee and Perigee
Heights – Orbital Perturbations-Local Mean Solar Time and Sun-Synchronous Orbits.
UNIT-II GEOSTATIONARY ORBIT & SPACE SEGMENT 9 hours

Introduction – Antenna Look Angels – The Polar Mount Antenna – Limits of Visibility – Near
Geostationary Orbits – Earth Eclipse of Satellite – Sun Transit Outage – Launching Orbits.
Power Supply – Attitude Control – Station Keeping – Thermal Control – TT&C Subsystem –
Transponders -Antenna Subsystem – Morelos and Satmex5-– Anik-Satellites – Advanced
Tiros-N Spacecraft.
UNIT-III EARTH SEGMENT & SPACE LINK 9 hours
Introduction – Receive-Only Home TV Systems– Master Antenna TV System – Community
Antenna TV System – Transmit-Receive Earth Stations.
Equivalent Isotropic Radiated Power – Transmission Losses : Free-Space Transmission –
Feeder Losses – Antenna Misalignment Losses – Fixed Atmospheric and Ionospheric
Losses – Link Power Budget Equation –Carrier-to-Noise Ratio –The Uplink –Down link-
Effects of rain – Combined Uplink and Downlink C/N Ratio – Inter modulation Noise.
UNIT-IV SATELLITE ACCESS 9 hours
Introduction-Single Access – Preassigned FDMA, Demand-Assigned FDMA, SPADE System.
Bandwidth-limited and Power-limited TWT amplifier operation-TDMA -On-board signal
Processing for TDMA / FDMA operation, Satellite switched TDMA-Code Division Multiple
Access.
UNIT-V Satellite television,Mobile and Specialized services 9 hours
Introduction – Direct Broadcast Satellite (DBS) Television: Orbital Spacing-Power Rating and
Number of Transponders-Frequencies and Polarization-Transponder capacity-Bit rates for
digital Television-The Home Rceiver Otdoor Unit(ODU)-The Home Receiver Indoor Unit(IDU)-
HDTV- Satellite Mobile Services-VSATs-Radarsat-GPS(Global Posotioning Satellite System)-
Orbcomm-Iridium.
TOTAL: 45 hours
COURSE OUTCOMES
CO1: Understand the orbital laws and elements of satellite communication.
CO2: Understand the concept of geostationary orbit and the station keeping.
CO3: Know the concept of different earth segments and noise interference.
CO4: Know the available satellite access methods
CO5: Know the direct satellite services and various applications.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Dennis Roddy, Satellite Communications, Tata McGraw-Hill Education Private
Limited, fourth edition 2009
2. Barry George Evans, Satellite communication systems, 3rd Edition, IET
Publications 1999
REFERENCES:
1. Timothy Pratt – Charles Bostian & Jeremy Allmuti, Satellite Communications, John Willy
& Sons (Asia) Pvt. Ltd. 2004
2. Wilbur L. Pritchars Henri G.Suyder Hond Robert A.Nelson, Satellite Communication
Systems Engineering, Pearson Education Ltd., Second edition 2003.
3. M.Richharia : Satellite Communication Systems (Design Principles Macmillan Press Ltd.
Second Edition 2003.
4. Satellite communication engineering By Michael O. Kolawole, CRC Press, 2002.
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16PTECE22 Advanced Display Devices 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
To give a comprehensive coverage of TV Systems with all the new developments in

Television and Video Engineering
UNIT-I FUNDAMENTALS OF TELEVISION 9 hours

Geometry form and Aspect Ratio - Image Continuity - Number of scanning lines - Interlaced
scanning - Picture resolution - Camera tubes- Image orthicon - vidicon-plumbicon-silicon
diode array vidicon-solid state image scanners- monochrome picture tubes-video signal
dimension- horizontal sync. Composition- vertical sync. Details – functions of vertical pulse
train – scanning sequence details. Picture signal transmission – positive and negative
modulation –
VSB transmission sound signal transmission – standard channel bandwidth
UNIT-II MONOCHROME TELEVISION TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER 9 hours
TV transmitter – TV signal propagation – Interference suffered by TV – TV transmission
Antennas – RF tuner – UHF, VHF tuner- Digital tuning techniques- AFT- AGC – Noise
cancellation- Video and sound inter carrier detection- vision IF subsystem- video amplifiers
requirements and configurations - DC re-insertion - Video amplifier circuits- Sync separation
– typical sync processing circuits- Deflection current waveform – Deflection Oscillators –
Frame deflection circuits – requirements- Line deflection circuits-EHT generation.
UNIT-III ESSENTIALS OF COLOUR TELEVISION 9 hours
Compatibility – colour perception- Three colour theory- luminance, hue and saturation-
colour television cameras- values of luminance and colour difference signals- colour
television display tubes- delta – gun-precision – purity and convergence- Precision in-line
and Trinitron colour picture tubes-purity and static and dynamic convergence adjustments-
pincushion correction techniques- automatic degaussing circuit- grey scale tracking –
colour signal transmission- bandwidth- modulation of colour difference signals – weighting
factors- Formation of chrominance signal.
UNIT-IV COLOUR TELEVISION SYSTEMS 9 hours
NTSC colour TV system- NTSC colour receiver- limitations of NTSC system – PAL colour TV
system – cancellation of phase errors- PAL –D colour system- PAL coder – Pal-Decolour receiver
- chromo signal amplifier- separation of U and V signals- colour burst separation – Burst phase
Discriminator – ACC amplifier- Reference Oscillator- Indent and colour killer circuits- U and V
demodulators- Colour signal matrixing – merits and demerits of the PAL system – SECAM
system – merits and demerits of SECAM system.
UNIT-V SATELLITE NETWORK ARCHITECTURE 9 hours
Satellite TV technology- Cable TV – CATV – distribution system– VCR- Video Disc recording
and playback- Tele Text broadcast receiver – digital television – Transmission and reception-
projection Television – Flat panel display TV receiver – Stereo sound in TV – Display
Systems: CRT, LCD and LED - 3D TV – EDTV- HDTV – Digital equipments for TV studios –
Cable electrical length measurement and S-Parameter measurements using TDR method
(Time Domain reflectometry)
TOTAL: 45 hours
COURSE OUTCOMES:
CO1: Understand video display principles.
CO2: Describe the operations in modern audio coding.
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CO 3: Describe the traditional video formats and some of the more common modern
digital formats.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. R.R.Gulati, ― Modern Television Practice, Principles, Technology and
servcing , Second edition, New age International Publishes, 2005
2. R.R.Gulati ―Monochrome and colour television ―, New age Internationl
Publisher, 2006
REFERENCES:
1. A.M Dhake, ―Television and Video Engineerign‖, Second edition, TMH,
2003.
2. S.P.Bali, ― Colour Television, Theory and Practice‖, TMH, 1994
3. Standard handbook of video and television engineering By Jerry C.
Whitaker, K. Blair Benson McGraw-Hill, 2003 4th Edition
4. Encyclopedia of television By Horace Newcomb, Museum of Broadcast
Communications CRC Press , 2004, 2nd Edition
16PTECE23 DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To provide the students with the fundamentals of digital image processing.
 Demonstrate understandings of image enhancement and restorations algorithms.
UNIT-I DIGITAL IMAGE FUNDAMENTALS AND TRANSFORMS 9 hours

Elements of visual perception – Image sampling and quantization Basic relationship
between pixels – Basic geometric transformations-Introduction to Fourier Transform and
DFT – Properties of 2D Fourier Transform – FFT – Separable Image Transforms -Walsh –
Hadamard – Discrete Cosine Transform, Haar, Slant – Karhunen – Loeve transforms.
UNIT-II IMAGE ENHANCEMENT TECHNIQUES 9 hours
Spatial Domain methods: Basic grey level transformation – Histogram equalization – Image
subtraction – Image averaging –Spatial filtering: Smoothing, sharpening filters – Laplacian
filters – Frequency domain filters: Smoothing – Sharpening filters – Homomorphic filtering.
UNIT-III IMAGE RESTORATION 9 hours

Model of Image Degradation/restoration process – Noise models – Mean Filters- Order
statistic filter-Inverse filtering -Least mean square filtering – Constrained least mean square
filtering –Periodic noise reduction by frequency domain filtering – Geometric mean filter –
Geometric transformation.
UNIT-IV IMAGE COMPRESSION 9 hours

Lossless compression: Variable length coding – LZW coding – Bit plane coding- predictive
coding-DPCM - Lossy Compression: Transform coding – Wavelet coding – Basics of Image
compression standards: JPEG, MPEG, Basics of Vector quantization.
UNIT-VIMAGE SEGMENTATION AND REPRESENTATION 9 hours

Edge detection – Thresholding - Region Based segmentation – Boundary representation:
chain codes- Polygonal approximation – Boundary segments – boundary descriptors:
Simple descriptors-Fourier descriptors - Regional descriptors –Simple descriptors- Texture.
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TOTAL: 45 hours
COURSE OUTCOMES
CO1: Understand image processing fundamentals and transformation.
CO2: Demonstrate understanding of image enhancement and restoration algorithms.
CO3: explore advanced topics of image processing.
CO4: apply the techniques, skills and modern engineering tools necessary for engineering
practice.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Rafael C Gonzalez, Richard E Woods, Digital Image Processing - Pearson Education, 2nd&
3rd Edition.
2. A.K. Jain, Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing, PHI, 1995.
REFERENCES:
1. William K Pratt, Digital Image Processing John Willey, 2001
2. Image Processing Analysis and Machine Vision – MillmanSonka, Vaclav hlavac, Roger
Boyle, Broos/colic, Thompson Learning, 1999.
3. Chanda Dutta Magundar – Digital Image Processing and Applications, Prentice Hall of
India, 2000
4. MadduriA.Joshi, Digital Image Processing, PHI Publications,2006.
16PTECE24 HIGH SPEED NETWORKS 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
 Compare and analyze the various high speed network technologies.
 Demonstrate the use of various queuing models used in congestion control
algorithms in high speed networks.
 Analyze the various congestion control techniques used in ATM networks.
 Know the architecture of Integrated and Differentiated services in High Speed
Network.
 Know the reservation protocol mechanism
UNIT I HIGH SPEED NETWORKS 9 hours

Frame Relay:Packet –Switching Networks–Frame relay networks- Asynchronous transfer
mode: ATM Protocol Architecture, ATM logical Connection, ATM Cell – ATM Service
Categories – AAL-High Speed LANs: Emergence of High-Speed LANs-Fast Ethernet, Gigabit
Ethernet, Fiber Channel.
UNIT II PERFORMANCE MODELLING AND CONGESTION CONTROL

9 hours
Queuing Analysis:Introduction- Necessity for queuing-Queuing Models – Single Server
Queues –Multi queue servers- Queues with priority-Network of queues-other queuing
models- Congestion Control:Effects of Congestion – Congestion and Control – Traffic
management – Congestion Control in Packet Switching Networks – Frame Relay Congestion
Control.
UNIT III TCP AND ATM TRAFFIC CONTROL 9 hours

TCP:TCP Flow control – TCP Congestion Control –Performance of TCP over ATM-Traffic
and Congestion control in ATM: Requirements for ATM traffic and congestion control
–Traffic related attributess – Traffic Management Frame work, Traffic Control – ABR traffic
Management – ABR rate control, RM cell formats, ABR Capacity allocations – GFR traffic
management.
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UNIT IV INTEGRATED AND DIFFERENTIATED SERVICES 9 hours
Integrated Services Architecture- Queuing Discipline, FQ, PS, BRFQ, GPS, WFQ – Random
Early Detection, Differentiated Services.
UNIT V PROTOCOLS FOR QoS SUPPORT 9 hours

RSVP : Goals & Characteristics, Data Flow, RSVP operations, Protocol Mechanisms –
Multiprotocol Label Switching : Operations, Label Stacking, Protocol details – RTP: Protocol
Architecture, Data Transfer Protocol, RTCP.
TOTAL: 45 hours
COURSE OUTCOMES
After successful completion of the course, student will be able to
CO1: Understand the basics and need for high speed networking technologies.
CO2: Establish a congestion free flow in the network.
CO3: Caluclate the capcity and allocating it efficiently to the users.
CO4: Have the architectural idea of integrated and differentiated services.
CO5: Use the available resources effectively and efficiently using reservation concept.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. William Stallings, “High Speed Networks And Internet”, Pearson Education, Second
Edition, 2007.
2. Warland & Pravin Varaiya, “high performance communication Networks”, Jean Harcourt
Asia Pvt. Ltd., II Edition, 2001.
REFERENCES:
1. Irvan Pepelnjk, Jim Guichard and Jeff Apcar, “MPLS and VPN architecture”, Cisco
Press, Volume 1 and 2, 2003
2. High speed networks by Marc Boisseau, Michel Demange, Jean-Marie Munier
Wiley, 1994
3. Architecture and protocols for high-speed networks By Otto Spaniol, A. Danthine,
Wolfgang Effelsberg Springer, 1994
4. High Speed Networks by William Stallings, Pearson Education Canada, 1997
16PTECE25 WIRELESS NETWORKS 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To introduce the concepts of wireless networks.
 To make the students to know about wireless network planning and propagation
 To understand the concepts of WLAN and wireless WAN
 To enhance the understanding of Wi-fi and Bluetooth.
UNIT-I PHYSICAL AND WIRELESS MAC LAYER ALTERNATIVES 9 hours

Wired transmission techniques: design of wireless modems, power efficiency, out of band
radiation, applied wireless transmission techniques, short distance base band transmission,
VWB pulse transmission, broad Modems for higher speeds, diversity and smart receiving
techniques, random access for data oriented networks, integration of voice and data traffic.
UNIT-II WIRELESS NETWORK PLANNING AND OPERATION 9 hours

Wireless networks topologies, cellular topology, cell fundamentals signal to interference
ratio calculation, capacity expansion techniques, cell splitting, use of directional antennas for
cell sectoring, micro cell method, overload cells, channels allocation techniques and capacity
expansion FCA, channel borrowing techniques, DCA, mobility management, radio resources
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and power management securities in wireless networks.
UNIT-III WIRELESS WAN 9 hours

Mechanism to support a mobile environment, communication in the infrastructure, IS-95
CDMA forward channel, IS – 95 CDMA reverse channel, pallert and frame formats in IS – 95,
IMT – 2000; forward channel in W-CDMA and CDMA 2000, reverse channels in W-CDMA and
CDMA-2000, GPRS and higher data rates, short messaging service in GPRS mobile
application protocols.
UNIT-IV WIRELESS LAN 9 hours

Historical overviews of the LAN industry, evolution of the WLAN industry, wireless home
networking, IEEE 802.11. The PHY Layer, MAC Layer, wireless ATM, HYPER LAN, HYPER LAN
– 2.
UNIT-VWPAN ANDGEOLOCATION SYSTEMS 9 hours

IEEE 802.15 WPAN, Home RF, Bluetooth, interface between Bluetooth and 802.11, wireless
geolocation technologies, geolocation standards for E.911 service.
TOTAL: 45 hours
COURSE OUTCOMES
CO 1: Understand the state of art techniques in wireless networks.
CO 2: Have Knowledge of present day technologies to enable them to face the world and
contribute back as researchers.
CO 3: Gain Knowledge on standards of LAN, WAN and WPAN
TEXT BOOKS
1. Kaveh Pahlavan, Prashant Krishnamoorthy, Principles of Wireless Networks, - A united
approach - Pearson Education, 2002.
2. Wireless networks Matthew Gast O'Reilly Media, Inc., 2005 2nd edition
REFERENCES
1. Jochen Schiller, Mobile Communications, Person Education – 2003, 2nd Edn.
2. X.Wang and H.V.Poor, Wireless Communication Systems, Pearson education,2004.
3. M.Mallick, Mobile and Wireless design essentials, Wiley Publishing Inc. 2003.
4. P.Nicopolitidis, M.S.Obaidat, G.I. papadimitria, A.S. Pomportsis, Wireless
Networks, John Wiley & Sons, 2003.
16PTECE26
WIRELESS SENSOR
NETWORKS 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To obtain a broad understanding of the technologies and applications of wireless
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sensor networks
 To design sensors used for wireless sensor networks
 To understand the tools used for wireless sensor networks
UNIT-I OVERVIEW AND ARCHITECTURES 9 hours

Challenges for Wireless Sensor Networks-Characteristics requirements-required
mechanisms, Difference between mobile ad-hoc and sensor networks, Applications of
sensor networks- Enabling Technologies for Wireless Sensor Networks. Single-Node
Architecture - Hardware Components, Energy Consumption of Sensor Nodes , Operating
Systems and Execution Environments, Network Architecture - Sensor Network Scenarios,
Optimization Goals and Figures of Merit, Gateway Concepts.
UNIT-II NETWORKING OF SENSORS 9 hours

Physical Layer and Transceiver Design Considerations, MAC Protocols for Wireless Sensor
Networks, Low Duty Cycle Protocols And Wakeup Concepts - S-MAC , The Mediation Device
Protocol, Wakeup Radio Concepts, Address and Name Management, Assignment of MAC
Addresses, Routing Protocols- Energy-Efficient Routing, Geographic Routing.
UNIT-III INFRASTRUCTURE ESTABLISHMENT 9 hours

Time Synchronization – Introduction to the time synchronization problem – Protocols based
on sender / receiver synchronization - Protocols based on receiver/ receiver synchronization,
Localization and Positioning – Properties, possible approaches – mathematical basis for the
iteration problem - single-hop localization – positioning in multi-hop environments – impact
of anchor placement.
UNIT-IV TOPOLOGY CONTROL 9 hours

Motivation and basic ideas – controlling topology in flat networks – power control –
hierarchical networks by dominating sets - hierarchical networks by clustering – combining
hierarchical topologies and power control – adaptive node activity – data aggregation – data
centric storage.
UNIT-VSENSOR NETWORK PLATFORMS AND TOOLS 9 hours

Operating Systems for Wireless Sensor Networks, Sensor Node Hardware – Berkeley Motes,
Programming Challenges, Node-level software platforms, Node-level Simulators, State-
centric programming.
TOTAL: 45 hours
COURSE OUTCOMES
CO1: Gain knowledge on some existing applications of wireless sensor networks.
CO2: Get exposure to elements of distributed computing and network protocol design and
will learn to apply these principles in the context of wireless sensor networks.
CO3: Learn various hardware, software platforms that exist for sensor networks.
CO4: Gain knowledge on the various topologies available in wireless sensor networks
CO5: Do research problems in wireless sensor networks
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Holger Karl & Andreas Willig, "Protocols And Architectures for Wireless Sensor
Networks", John Wiley, 2005.
2. Feng Zhao & Leonidas J. Guibas, “Wireless Sensor Networks- An Information
Processing Approach", Elsevier, 2007.
REFERENCES:
1. Kazem Sohraby, Daniel Minoli, & Taieb Znati, “Wireless Sensor Networks-
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Technology, Protocols, And Applications”, John Wiley, 2007.
2. Anna Hac, “Wireless Sensor Network Designs”, John Wiley, 2003.
3. Bhaskar Krishnamachari, ”Networking Wireless Sensors”, Cambridge Press, 2005.
4. Mohammad Ilyas And Imad Mahgaob,”Handbook Of Sensor Networks: Compact
Wireless And Wired Sensing Systems”, CRC Press, 2005.
16PTECE27 REAL TIME EMBEDDED SYSTEMS 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 Learn the architecture and programming of ARM processor.
 Be familiar with the embedded computing platform design and analysis.
 Be exposed to the basic concepts of real time Operating system.
UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO EMBEDDED COMPUTING AND ARM PROCESSORS

9 hours
Complex systems and micro processors– Embedded system design process –Design
example: Model train controller- Instruction sets preliminaries - ARM Processor – CPU:
programming input and output- supervisor mode, exceptions and traps – Co-processors-
Memory system mechanisms – CPU performance- CPU power consumption.
UNIT II EMBEDDED COMPUTING PLATFORM DESIGN 9 hours

The CPU Bus-Memory devices and systems–Designing with computing platforms –
consumer electronics architecture – platform-level performance analysis - Components for
embedded programs- Models of programs- Assembly, linking and loading – compilation
techniques- Program level performance analysis – Software performance optimization –
Program level energy and power analysis and optimization – Analysis and optimization of
program size- Program validation and testing.
UNIT III PROCESSES AND OPERATING SYSTEMS 9 hours

Introduction – Multiple tasks and multiple processes – Multirate systems- Preemptive real-
time operating systems- Priority based scheduling- Interprocess communication
mechanisms – Evaluating operating system performance- power optimization strategies for
processes – Example Real time operating systems-POSIX-Windows CE.
UNIT IV SYSTEM DESIGN TECHNIQUES AND NETWORKS 9 hours

Design methodologies- Design flows - Requirement Analysis – Specifications-System
analysis and architecture design – Quality Assurance techniques- Distributed embedded
systems – MPSoCs and shared memory multiprocessors.
UNIT V CASE STUDY 9 hours

Data compressor - Alarm Clock - Audio player - Software modem-Digital still camera -
Telephone answering machine-Engine control unit – Video accelerator.
TOTAL: 45 hours
COURSE OUTCOMES
CO1: Describe the architecture and programming of ARM processor.
CO2: Outline the concepts of embedded systems
CO3: Explain the basic concepts of real time Operating system design.
CO4: Use the system design techniques to develop software for embedded systems
CO5: Model real-time applications using embedded-system concepts
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TEXT BOOK:
1. Marilyn Wolf, “Computers as Components - Principles of Embedded Computing System
Design”, Third Edition “Morgan Kaufmann Publisher (An imprint from Elsevier), 2012.
2. Jonathan W.Valvano, “Embedded Microcomputer Systems Real Time Interfacing”, Third
Edition Cengage Learning, 2012.
REFERENCES:
1. David. E. Simon, “An Embedded Software Primer”, 1st Edition, Fifth Impression, Addison-
Wesley Professional, 2007.
2. Raymond J.A. Buhr, Donald L.Bailey, “An Introduction to Real-Time Systems- From
Design to Networking with C/C++”, Prentice Hall, 1999.
3. C.M. Krishna, Kang G. Shin, “Real-Time Systems”, International Editions, Mc Graw Hill
1997
4. K.V.K.K.Prasad, “Embedded Real-Time Systems: Concepts, Design & Programming”,
Dream Tech Press, 2005.
5. Sriram V Iyer, Pankaj Gupta, “Embedded Real Time Systems Programming”, Tata Mc
Graw Hill, 2004.
16PTECE28 ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 The course aims at developing mathematical and computational fundamentals of
artificial neural networks and their applications in signal and image processing,
pattern recognition and modeling.
UNIT-I INTRODUCTION 9 hours

Human Brain, Models of a Neuron, Neural networks viewed as Directed Graphs, Network
Architectures, Knowledge Representation, Artificial Intelligence and Neural Networks.
Learning process 1 – Error Correction learning, Memory based learning, Hebbian learning.
UNIT-II LEARNING PROCESS AND SINGLE LAYER PERCEPTRONS 9 hours

Learning process 2: Competitive, Boltzmann learning, Credit Assignment Problem, Memory,
Adaption, Statistical nature of the learning process. SINGLE LAYER PERCEPTRONS –
Adaptive filtering problem, Unconstrained Organization Techniques, Linear least square
filters, least mean square algorithm, learning curves, Learning rate annealing techniques,
perceptron, perceptron – convergence theorem, Relation between perceptron and Bayes
classifier for a Gaussian Environment.
UNIT-III THE MULTILAYER PERCEPTRON 9 hours

Feed-forward network mappings, Threshold units, Sigmoidal units, weight-space symmetries,
higher order networks, Kolmogorov’s theorem, Error back propagation, The Jacobian matrix,
The Hessian matrix.
70
UNIT-IV RADIAL BASIS FUNCTIONS AND ERROR FUNCTIONS 9 hours
Radial Basis Functions - Exact interpolation, Radial basis function networks, Network training,
Radial basis function networks for classification, Comparison with the multi-layer perceptron,
Basis function optimization. Error Functions - Sum-of-squares error, Modelling conditional
distributions, Estimating posterior probabilities, Sum-of-squares for classification.
UNIT-V SELF ORGANIZATION MAPS 9 hours

Two basic feature mapping models, Self-organization map, SOM algorithm, properties of
feature map, computer simulations, learning vector quantization, Adaptive patter
classification, Hierarchal Vector quantizer, contextual Maps
TOTAL: 45 hours
COURSE OUTCOMES
CO1: Understand the basic models of artificial neuron.
CO2: Gain knowledge on learning process in neural networks and design single layer
perceptron.
CO3: Design multi-layer perceptron and back propagation networks.
CO4: Find solutions to complex problems using RBF networks.
CO5: Explain Self Organizing Maps.
TEXT BOOK:
1. Simon Haykin, Neural networks A comprehensive foundations, Pearson Education 2nd
Edition 2004.
6. Cristopher M. Bishop, Neural Networks for pattern recognition, Clarendon Press, Oxford,
2005.
REFERENCES:
1. B.Vegnanarayana, Artificial neural networks, Prentice Hall of India, 2006.
2. Simon Haykin, Neural networks and learning systems, Pearson Education 3rd Edition
2016.
3. James A Freeman David M S kapura, Neural networks Pearson Education 2004
4. Kevin L. Priddy, Paul E.Keller, Artificial neural networks an introduction, SPIE Press, 2005.
16PTECE29 MICROWAVE INTEGRATED CIRCUITS 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To understand the fundamentals of microwave integrated circuits.
 To understand the various passive and active components in Microwave integrated
circuits
 To know the basic analysis techniques needed for evaluating the performance of
microwave integrated circuits.
UNIT-I INTRODUCTION TO MICROWAVE INTEGRATED CIRCUITS9 hours

MMIC- technology, advantages and applications, Active device technologies, design
approaches, multichip module technology, substrates.
UNIT-II PASSIVE COMPONENTS 9 hours

Inductors, capacitors, resistors, micro strip components, coplanar circuits, multilayer
techniques, micro machined passive components, switches & attenuators, filter design.
UNIT-III AMPLIFIERS 9 hours
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Stability & gain analysis, matching techniques, reactively matched amplifier design, LNA
UNIT-IV OSCILLATORS 9 hours

Design principles, active device CAD techniques for large signal oscillators design, phase
noise, MMIC_VCO, mixers.
UNIT-V INTEGRATED ANTENNAS AND MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES 9 hours

Integrates antenna selection, photonic band gap antennas, micro machined antenna, micro
electro mechanical system antennas, test fixture measurements, probe station
measurements, thermal and cryogenic measurements, experimental field probing
techniques.
TOTAL: 45 hours
COURSE OUTCOMES
CO1: Design Microwave integrated circuits
CO2: Analyze the performance of Microwave integrated circuits
CO3: Gain Knowledge on integrated antennas and measurement techniques
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Ravender Goyal, “Monolithic MIC; Technology & Design”, Artech House, 1995.
2. Gupta K.C. and Amarjit Singh, “ Microwave Integrated Circuits”, John Wiley, New York,
1975.
REFERENCES:
1. Hoffman R.K. “Handbook of Microwave Integrated Circuits”, Artech House, Boston, 1987.
2. Ulrich L. Rohde and David P.N., “ RF / Microwave Circuit Design for Wireless
Applications”, John Wiley, 2000
3. C.Gentili, “Microwave Amplifiers and Oscillators”, North Oxford Academic, 1986
4. Annapurna Das and Sisir K Das, “ Microwave Engineering”, Tata McGraw-Hill
Pub. Co. Ltd., 2004.
16PTECE30 TELECOMMUNICATION SWITCHING AND NETWORKS

3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 Students will have good understanding of the fundamentals and application of
telecommunication networks.
 Modern digital telecommunication switching and networks.
 To understand recent topics like switching systems, time division switching systems,
ISDN, voice data integration and importance of telephone traffic analysis and
telephone networks.
UNIT-I MULTIPLEXING 9 hours

Transmission Systems- FDM Multiplexing and modulation-Introduction to digits- Digital
Transmission and Multiplexing: Pulse Transmission- Asynchronous and synchronous
transmission- Error performance-Time Division Multiplexing, Time Division Multiplex Loops
and Rings.
UNIT-II DIGITAL SWITCHING 9 hours

Switching Functions, Space Division Switching, Time Division Switching, two-dimensional
Switching: STS Switching, TST Switching, No.4 ESS Toll Switch, Digital Cross-Connect
Systems, Digital Switching in an Analog Environment. Elements of SSN07 signaling.
72
UNIT-III NETWORK SYNCHRONIZATION CONTROL AND MANAGEMENT
9 hours
Timing: Timing Recovery: Phase-Locked Loop, Clock Instability, Jitter Measurements,
Systematic Jitter. Timing Inaccuracies: Slips, Asynchronous Multiplexing, Network
Synchronization, U.S. Network Synchronization, Network Control, Network Management.
UNIT-IV DIGITAL SUBSCRIBER ACCESS 9 hours
ISDN: ISDN Basic Rate Access Architecture, ISDN U Interface, ISDN D Channel Protocol.
High-Data-Rate Digital Subscriber Loops: Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line, VDSL. Digital
Loop Carrier Systems-Fiber in the Loop, Hybrid Fiber Coax Systems, Voice band Modems:
PCM Modems, Local Microwave Distribution Service, Digital Satellite Services.
UNIT-VTRAFFIC ANALYSIS 9 hours

Traffic Characterization: Arrival Distributions, Holding Time Distributions- Loss Systems,
Network Blocking Probabilities: End-to-End Blocking Probabilities, Overflow Traffic- Delay
Systems: Exponential service Times, Constant Service Times, Finite Queues, tandem Queues.
TOTAL: 45hours
COURSE OUTCOMES
CO1: Understand the concepts of Frequency and Time division multiplexing.
CO2: Describe the concepts of Space division switching and Time division switching
CO3: Understand the concepts of organization of telephone networks
CO4: To compare telephone network, data network and integrated service digital network.
CO5: Analyze traffic in telephone networks
TEXTBOOKS:
1. Bellamy John, “Digital Telephony”, John Wily & Sons, Inc. 3rd edn. 2015.
2. J.E. Flood, “Telecommunication switching, traffic and networks”, Pearson
Education Ltd, 2013
REFERENCES:
1. Viswanathan. T., “Telecommunication Switching System and Networks”, Prentice Hall of
India Ltd., 1994.
2. Syed. R. Ali “Digital switching systems”, McGraw Hill New York 1998
3. Telecommunication Switching And Networks By P. Gnanasivam, New Age
International, 2007
4. The Irwin handbook of telecommunications by James Harry Green Publisher
McGraw-Hill Professional, 2006
16PTECE31 MOBILE AD-HOC NETWORKS 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To make the students understand the concept of Mobile Ad-hoc Networks and
various protocols used.
 To obtain a knowledge on the security and energy management issues in Mobile Ad-
hoc Networks.
UNIT-I INTRODUCTION 9 hours

Introduction to ad hoc networks – definition, cellular Vs Ad hoc networks – Applications of
ad hoc wireless networks - Issues in Ad hoc wireless networks, Ad hoc Mobility Models:-
Entity and Group mobility models.
73
UNIT-II MEDIUM ACCESS PROTOCOLS 9 hours
MAC Protocols: design issues, goals and classification. Contention based protocols- with
reservation, scheduling algorithms, protocols using directional antennas. IEEE 802.11
standard, HIPERLAN standard.
UNIT-III NETWORK PROTOCOLS 9 hours

Routing Protocols: Design issues, classification. Table-driven routing protocols, On-demand
routing protocols, hybrid routing protocols, hierarchical routing protocols, power aware
routing protocols.
UNIT-IV END-TO-END DELIVERY AND SECURITY 9 hours

Transport layer: design issues, goals and classification, TCP over ad hoc wireless networks,
security in ad hoc wireless: issues and challenges, network security attacks, secure routing
protocols.
UNIT-V ENERGY MANAGEMENT 9 hours

Need for energy management, Classification of energy management schemes, Battery
management schemes, Transmission power management schemes, System power
management schemes.
TOTAL: 45 hours
COURSE OUTCOMES
CO1: Understand the concept of Mobile Ad-hoc Networks.
CO2: Describe the Medium Access protocols
CO3: Analyze the network protocols
CO4: Explain the concept of end to end delivery and security.
CO5: Gain knowledge on the energy management schemes
TEXT BOOKS:
1. C.Siva Ram Murthy and B.S.Manoj, Ad hoc Wireless Networks Architectures and protocols,
2nd edition, Pearson Education. 2007
2. Charles E. Perkins, Ad hoc Networking, Addison – Wesley, 2000
REFERENCES:
1. Stefano Basagni, Marco Conti, Silvia Giordano and Ivan stojmenovic, Mobilead hoc
networking, Wiley-IEEE press, 2004.
2. Mohammad Ilyas, The handbook of adhoc wireless networks, CRC press, 2002.
3. Azzedine Boukerche, Algorithms and Protocols for Wireless and Mobile Ad Hoc
Networks, John Wiley & Sons, 2009.
4. Jonathan Loo, Jaime Lloret Mauri, Jesus Hamilton Ortiz, Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
current status and future trends, CRC Press, 2012.
16PTECE32 TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM MODELING AND SIMULATION

3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES
 To provide knowledge to the students on the concept of simulation methodology,
random signal generation & processing and to know about efficient simulation
techniques.
UNIT I SIMULATION METHODOLOGY 9 hours

Introduction, Aspects of methodology, Performance Estimation, Simulation sampling
frequency, Low pass equivalent simulation models for bandpass signals, Multicarrier signals,
Non-linear and time-varying systems, Post processing – Basic graphical techniques and
74
estimations.
UNIT II RANDOM SIGNAL GENERATION & PROCESSING 9 hours

Uniform random number generation, Mapping uniform random variables to an arbitrary pdf,
Correlated and Uncorrelated Gaussian random number generation, PN sequence generation,
Random signal processing, Testing of random number generators.
UNIT III MONTE CARLO SIMULATION 9 hours

Fundamental concepts, Application to communication systems, Monte Carlo integration,
Semianalytic techniques, Case study: Performance estimation of a wireless system.
UNIT IV ADVANCED MODELS & SIMULATION TECHNIQUES 9 hours

Modeling and simulation of non-linearities: Types, Memoryless non-linearities, Nonlinearities
with memory, Modeling and simulation of Time varying systems: Random process models,
Tapped delay line model, Modelling and simulation of waveform channels, Discrete
memoryless channel models, Markov model for discrete channels with memory.
UNIT V EFFICIENT SIMULATION TECHNIQUES 9 hours

Tail extrapolation, pdf estimators, Importance sampling methods, Case study: Simulation of
a Cellular Radio System.
TOTAL: 45 hours
COURSE OUTCOMES
CO1: Understand the simulation methodology.
CO2: Explain random signal generation and processing
CO3: Describe Monte Carlo simulation
CO4: Analyze advanced simulation techniques.
CO5: Study efficient simulation techniques and apply for different cases.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. William.H.Tranter, K. Sam Shanmugam, Theodore. S. Rappaport, Kurt L. Kosbar,
“Principles of Communication Systems Simulation”, Pearson Education (Singapore)
Pvt. Ltd, 2004.
2. M.C. Jeruchim, P.Balaban and K. Sam Shanmugam, “Simulation of
Communication Systems: Modeling, Methodology and Techniques”, Plenum Press, New
York, 2001.
REFERENCES:
1. Averill.M.Law and W. David Kelton, Simulation Modeling and Analysis, McGeaw

Hill Inc., 2000
2. Geoffrey Gorden, System Simulation, Prentice Hall of India, 2nd Edition, 1992.
3. Jerry Banks and John S. Carson, Discrete Event System Simulation, PrenticeHall of India,
1984.
4. Bernard P.Zeigler, Guide to modeling and simulation of systems of systems: Users
Reference, Springer, 2013.
16PTECE33 Micro Electro Mechanical Systems 3 0 0 3
COURSE OBJECTIVES:
75
To understand the basics of MEMS and mechanics for MEMS Design
To get knowledge about the concepts of optical and RF MEMS
To apply the basic knowledge of MEMS in different fields
UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO MEMS (9)
MEMS and Microsystems-Miniaturization-Typical products-Micro sensors-Micro actuation-

MEMS with micro actuators-Micro accelerometers and Micro fluidics-MEMS materials-Micro
fabrication.
UNIT II MECHANICS FOR MEMS DESIGN (9)
Elasticity-Stress-strain and material properties-Bending of thin plates-Spring configurations-

torsional deflection Mechanical vibration-Resonance-Thermomechanics-
actuators-force and response time-Fracture and thin film mechanics.
UNIT III ELECTROSTATIC DESIGN AND SYSTEM ISSUES (9)
Electrostatics: basic theory-electrostatic instability. Surface tension-gap and finger pullup-

Electrostatic actuators-Comb generators- gap closers- rotary motors- inch worms-
Electromagnetic actuators. bistable actuators. Electronic Interfaces-Feedback systems-
Noise-Circuit and system issues.
UNIT IV MEMS APPLICATION (9)
Case studies-Capacitive accelerometer-Piezo electric pressure sensor-Micro fluidics

application-Modeling of MEMS systems-CAD for MEMS.
UNIT V INTRODUCTION TO OPTICAL AND RF MEMS (9)
Optical MEMS—System design basics-Gaussian optics-matrix operations-resolution. Case

studies-MEMS scanners and retinal scanning display-Digital Micro mirror devices.RF Mems-
design basics-case studyCapacitive RF MEMS switch-performance issues.
TOTAL: 45 PERIODS
COURSE OUTCOMES:
CO 1: Knowledge on the basics of MEMS and mechanics for MEMS Design
CO 2: Exposure to concepts of optical and RF MEMS
CO 3: Ability to apply the basic knowledge of MEMS in different fields
TEXT BOOKS:
1. StephenSanteria,“ Microsystems Design”,Kluwe rpublishers,2000.

2. N.P.Mahalik ,“MEMS”, Tata McGrawhill,2007
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Vijay. K.Varadan, K.J.Vinoy, K.A.Jose, “RF MEMS And Applications”, John

Wiley&Sons,2003.
76
2. Nadim Maluf, ”An Introduction to Micro Electro Mechanical System Design”, Artech House,
2000. 3. Mohamed Gad-el-Hak, editor, ”The MEMS Handbook”,CRC press Baco Raton,2000.
4. TaiRanHsu, ”MEMS & Microsystems Design and Manufacture” Tata McGrawHill,

NewDelhi, 2002. 5. Liu,”MEMS”,Pearson education,2007.
77

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GOVERNMENT COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

CURRICULUM and SYLLABUS

TOTAL NO OF CREDITS: 101

PROFESSIONAL ELECTIVES (PE)

S. Hrs/Wk & Credits

SYLLABUS – PART TIME B.E. (ECE)

16PTMA101 MATHEMATICS –II 3 0 0 3

UNIT I ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 9

UNIT II PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 9

Formation of partial differential equations by elimination of arbitrary constants and arbitrary

UNIT III VECTOR CALCULAS 9

UNIT IV ANALYTIC FUNCTIONS 9

Functions of a complex variable – Analytic functions – Necessary conditions, Cauchy –

Complex integration – Statement and applications of Cauchy’s integral theorem and

16PTCY101 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 3 0 0 3

 Principles of environmental resources

UNIT II ECOSYSTEM AND BIODIVERSITY 9

UNIT III ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION 9

UNIT IV ENVIRONMENTAL THREATS AND

UNIT V SOCIAL ISSUES AND ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS 9

16PTEC101 ELECTRIC CIRCUIT THEORY 3 0 0 3

UNIT-I DC AND AC CIRCUITS 9

UNIT-II NETWORK ANALYSIS AND THEOREMS WITH DC AND AC SOURCES 9

UNIT-III RESONANCE AND COUPLED CIRCUITS 9

UNIT-IV NETWORK TRANSIENTS 9

16PTEC102 DIGITAL ELECTRONICS 3 0 0 3

UNIT-I NUMBER SYSTEMS AND LOGIC GATES 9 hours

UNIT-II COMBINATIONAL CIRCUITS 9 hours

UNIT-IV ASYNCHRONOUS SEQUENTIAL CIRCUITS 9 hours

UNIT-VPLD AND MEMORY DEVICES 9 hours

16PTEC103 ELECTRIC CIRCUITS AND DIGITAL

16PTMA201 MATHEMATICS - III 3 0 0 3

UNIT I FOURIER SERIES 9

UNIT II BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS 9

UNIT III LAPLACE TRANSFORM 9

UNIT IV FOURIER TRANSFORM 9

UNIT V Z -TRANSFORM AND DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS 9

16PTEC201 ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS 3 0 0 3

UNIT- I STATIC ELECTRIC FIELDS 9 hours

UNIT- II STATIC MAGNETIC FIELD 9 hours

UNIT –III ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC FIELDS IN MATERIALS 9 hours

UNIT –IV TIME VARYING ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC FIELDS 9 hours

UNIT -V ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES 9 hours

16PTEC202 ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS - I 3 0 0 3

UNIT- I BIASING TECHNIQUES 9 hours

UNIT-II MIDBAND ANALYSIS OF SMALL SIGNAL AMPLIFIERS 9 hours

UNIT-III FREQUENCY RESPONSE OF AMPLIFIERS 9 hours

UNIT-IV LARGE SIGNAL AMPLIFIERS 9 hours

UNIT-VRECTIFIERS AND POWER SUPPLIES 9 hours

16PTEC203 LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUITS 30 0 3

UNIT-I CIRCUIT CONFIGURATION FOR LINEAR ICs 9 hours

UNIT-II APPLICATIONS OF OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS 9 hours

UNIT-III TIMER AND PLL 9 hours

UNIT-IV ANALOG TO DIGITAL AND DIGITAL TO ANALOG CONVERTERS

UNIT V SPECIAL FUNCTION ICs 9 hours

16PTEC204 ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS-I LAB 0 0 3 2

UNIT-I REPRESENTATION OF SIGNALS 9 hours