Chapter 2 Role of Logistics in Supply Chains Learning Objectives

Managing Supply Chains A Logistics Approach International Edition 9th Edition Coyle Solutions Manual
Full Download: http://testbanklive.com/download/managing-supply-chains-a-logistics-approach-international-edition-9th-edition-c
Role of Logistics in Supply Chains Chapter 2
CHAPTER 2 ROLE OF LOGISTICS IN SUPPLY CHAINS
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
After reading this chapter, you should be able to do the following:
• Understand the role and importance of logistics in private and public organizations.
• Discuss the impact of logistics on the economy and how effective logistics management
contributes to the vitality of the economy.
• Understand the value-added roles of logistics on both a macro and micro level.
• Explain logistics systems from several perspectives.
• Understand the relationship between logistics and other important functional areas in an
organization, including manufacturing, marketing, and finance.
• Discuss the importance of management activities in the logistics function.
• Analyze logistics systems from several different perspectives to meet different

objectives.
• Determine the total costs and understand the cost tradeoffs in a logistics system.
CHAPTER OVERVIEW
Introduction
Logistics is misunderstood and often overlooked with the excitement surrounding supply
chain management and all of the related technology that has been developed to support
the supply chain. The glamour associated with the e-supply chain, e-tailing, e-business,
and so on, seems to overshadow the importance of logistics in an organization and the
need for efficient and effective logistics support in a supply chain.
The concepts of supply chain management and logistics must be compared or, more
appropriately, related to each other. Supply chain management has been defined using a
pipeline analogy with the start of the pipeline representing the initial supplier and the end
of the pipeline representing the ultimate customer.
2-1
© 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, with content that may be
different from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Full download all chapters instantly please go to Solutions Manual, Test Bank site: TestBankLive.com
What is Logistics?
The term logistics has become much more widely recognized by the general public in the
last 20 years. Television, radio, and print advertising have lauded the importance of
logistics. Another factor contributing to the recognition of logistics has been increased
customer sensitivity to not only product quality but also to the associated service quality.
Even with increased recognition of the term logistics, however, there is still confusion
about its definition. Some of the confusion can be traced to the fact that a number of
terms are used by individuals when they refer to what has been described as logistics.
For example, consider the following list of terms:

• Logistics management
• Business logistics management
• Integrated logistics management
• Materials management
• Physical distribution management
• Marketing logistics
• Industrial logistics
• Distribution
Logistics management is the most widely accepted term and encompasses logistics not
only in the private business sector but also in the public/government and nonprofit
sectors.
For the purposes of this text, the definition offered by the Council of Supply Chain
Management Professionals (formerly the Council of Logistics Management) is utilized:
“The art and science of management, engineering, and technical activities concerned with
requirements, design, and supplying and maintaining resources to support objectives,
plans, and operations.”
The logistics concept began to appear in the business-related literature in the 1960s under
the label of physical distribution, which had a focus on the outbound side of the logistics
system. During the 1960s, military logistics began to focus on engineering dimensions of
logistics—reliability, maintainability, configuration management, life cycle management,
and so on—with increased emphasis on modeling and quantitative analysis.
In the twenty-first century, logistics should be viewed as a part of management and has
four subdivisions:
• Business logistics: That part of the supply chain process that plans, implements, and
controls the efficient, effective flow and storage of goods, service, and related
information from point of use or consumption in order to meet customer requirements.
• Military logistics: The design and integration of all aspects of support for the
operational capability of the military forces (deployed or in garrison) and their equipment
to ensure readiness, reliability, and efficiency.
2-2
• Event logistics: The network of activities, facilities, and personnel required to organize,
schedule, and deploy the resources for an event to take place and to efficiently withdraw
after the event.
• Service logistics: The acquisition, scheduling, and management of the facilities/ assets,
personnel, and materials to support and sustain a service operation or business.
Value-Added Roles of Logistics

Five principle types of economic utility add value to a product or service. Included are
form, time, place, quantity, and possession. Generally, production activities are credited
with providing form utility; logistics activities with time, place, and quantity utilities; and
marketing activities with possession utility. Each will be discussed briefly.
Form Utility: Form utility refers to the value added to goods through a manufacturing or
assembly process.
Place Utility: Logistics provides place utility by moving goods from production surplus
points to points where demand exists.
Quantity Utility: Today’s business environment demands that products not only be
delivered on time to the correct destination but also be delivered in the proper quantities.
Possession Utility: Possession utility is primarily created through the basic marketing
activities related to the promotion of products and services.
Logistical Activities
The responsibility of the logistics manager includes a number of activities. The number
and importance of these activities to the business varies according to the particular
emphasis placed on the logistics function.
 Traffic and Transportation involves the physical movement or flow of raw materials
or finished goods and involves the transportation agencies that provide service to the
firm.
 Warehousing and Storage involves two closely related activities: inventory
management and warehousing. A direct relationship exists between transportation and
the level of inventory and number of warehouses required. It is important to examine
the trade-offs related to the various alternatives in order to optimize the overall
logistics system.
 Industrial Packaging involves the necessary packaging needed to move the product to
the market. Logistics managers must analyze the tradeoffs between the type of
transportation selected and its packaging requirements.
 Materials Handling is important to efficient warehouse operation and concerns the
mechanical equipment for short-distance movement of goods through the warehouse.
 Order Fulfillment consists of the activities involved with completing customer orders.
Order fulfillment concerns the total lead time from when the order is placed to actual
delivery in satisfactory condition.
2-3
 Demand Forecasting involves the prediction of inventory requirement and materials
and parts essential to effective inventory control.
 Production Planning concerns the determination of the number of units necessary to
provide market coverage. The integration of production planning into logistics has
become increasingly popular in large companies to effectively forecast and control
inventory.
 Purchasing concerns the availability for production of needed parts, components, and
materials in the right quantity, at the right time, at the right place, and at the right cost
including within the logistics area if it more effectively coordinates and lowers costs
for the firm.
 Customer Service levels play an important part in logistics by ensuring the customer
gets the right product, at the right time and place. Logistics decisions about product
availability and inventory lead time are critical to customer service.
 Plant and Warehouse Site location is concerned with creating the time and place
relationships between plants and markets, or between supply points and plants. Site
location impacts transportation rates and service, customer service, inventory
requirements, and possible other areas.
 Parts and Service Support is concerned with maintaining an adequate channel to
anticipated repair needs.
 Salvage and Scrap Disposal deals with reverse logistics systems and channels in order
to effectively and efficiently dispose of containers and other scrap at the end of the
distribution channel.
Logistics in the Economy: A Macro Perspective

The overall, absolute cost of logistics on a macro basis will increase with growth in the
economy. In other words, if more goods and services are produced, logistics costs will
increase. To determine the efficiency of the logistics system, total logistics costs need to
be measured in relationship to gross domestic product (GDP), which is a widely accepted
barometer used to gauge the rate of growth in the economy.
Some additional understanding of logistics costs can be gained by examining the three
major cost categories included in this cost—warehousing and inventory costs,
transportation costs, and other logistics costs.
The declining trend for logistics cost relative to GDP is very important to recognize.
In addition to the managerial focus on managing inventory and transportation more

efficiently, the total logistics system has received increased attention.
Logistics in the Firm: The Micro Dimension

Another dimension of logistics is the micro perspective that examines the relationships
between logistics and other functional areas in an organization—marketing,
manufacturing/operations, finance and accounting, and others. Logistics, by its nature,
focuses on processes that cut across traditional functional boundaries, particularly in
2-4
today’s environment with its emphasis on the supply chain. Consequently, logistics
interfaces in many important ways with other functional areas.
Logistics Interfaces with Operations/Manufacturing: Length of the production run is a

classic interface area between logistics and manufacturing management. Other
operational areas of interface include the effects of product seasonal demand, supply-side
interfaces, protective packaging, and foreign and third-party alternative sources of
production inputs.
Logistics Interfaces with Marketing: Logistics is often referred to as the other half of
marketing and plays an important role through the physical movement and storage of
goods in selling a product. Interfaces with marketing are discussed in terms of price,
product, promotion, and place elements of the marketing mix. Logistics pricing decisions
concern carrier pricing, matching discount schedules to transportation rates, and volume
relationships affecting the ability to move and store products.
Price: From a logistics perspective, adjusting quantity prices to conform to shipment sizes
appropriate for transportation organizations might be quite important.
Product: Another decision frequently made in the marketing area concerns products,
particularly their physical attributes.
Promotion: Firms often spend millions of dollars on national advertising campaigns and
other promotional practices to improve sales. An organization making a promotional
effort to stimulate sales should inform its logistics manager so that sufficient quantities of
inventory will be available for distribution to the customer. Marketing can either “push”
the product through the distribution channel to the customer or “pull” it through.
Place: The place decision refers to the distribution channels decision, and thus involves
both transactional and physical distribution channel decisions.
Recent Trends: Perhaps the most significant trend is that marketers have begun to
recognize the strategic value of place in the marketing mix and the increased revenues
and customer satisfaction that might result from excellent logistics service.
While manufacturing and marketing are probably the two most important internal,
functional interfaces for logistics in a product-oriented organization, there are other
important interfaces. The finance area has become increasingly important during the last
decade.
Logistics in the Firm: Factors Affecting the Cost and Importance of Logistics
This section deals with specific factors relating to the cost and importance of logistics.
Emphasizing some of the competitive, product, and spatial relationships of logistics can
help explain the strategic role of an organization’s logistics activities.
2-5
Competitive Relationships: Frequently, competition is narrowly interpreted only in terms
of price competition. While price is certainly important, in many markets, customer
service can be a very important form of competition.
Order Cycle: A well-accepted principle of logistics management is that order cycle length
directly affects inventory levels. Stated another way, the shorter the order cycle, the less
inventory required to be held by the customer. Order cycle can be defined as the time that
elapses from when a customer places an order until the order is received.
Substitutability: Substitutability very often affects the importance of customer service.
Inventory Effect: By increasing inventory costs (either by increasing the inventory level
or by increasing reorder points), organizations can usually reduce the cost of lost sales. In
other words, an inverse relationship exists between the cost of lost sales and inventory
cost.
Transportation Effect: Organizations can usually trade off increased transportation costs
against decreased lost sales costs.
Product Relationships
A number of product-related factors affect the cost and importance of logistics. Among
the more significant of these are dollar value, density, susceptibility to damage, and the
need for special handling.
Dollar Value: Several product aspects have a direct bearing on logistics costs.
Density: Another factor that affects logistics cost is density, which refers to the
weight/space ratio of the product.
Susceptibility to Damage: The third product factor affecting logistics cost is susceptibility
to damage. The greater the risk of damage to a product, the higher the transportation and
warehousing cost.
Special Handling Requirements: Some products might require specifically designed

equipment, refrigeration, heating, or strapping, which entail higher costs.
Spatial Relationships
A final topic that is extremely significant to logistics is spatial relationships, the location
of fixed points in the logistics system with respect to demand and supply points. Spatial
relationships are very important to transportation costs, since these costs tend to increase
with distance.
2-6
Techniques of Logistics System Analysis
In this section, total cost analysis techniques for logistics are discussed. Only the more
basic models are examined; more sophisticated techniques of total cost analysis are
discussed later in the text.
Short-Run/Static Analysis
One general approach to total cost analysis for logistics is known as short-run analysis.
In a short-run analysis, a specific point in time or level of production is chosen, and costs
are developed for the various logistics cost centers described previously.
Long-Run/Dynamic Analysis
While short-run analysis concentrates on specific time or level of output, dynamic
analysis examines a logistics system over a long time period or range of output.
Approaches to Analyzing Logistics Systems

The analysis of logistics systems frequently requires different views or perspectives of
logistics activities. The best perspective to take depends on the type of analysis that is
needed. For example, if an organization wants to analyze the long-run design of its
logistics system, a view of logistics that focuses on the organization’s network of node
and link relationships would probably be most beneficial. On the other hand, if an
organization is evaluating a change in a carrier or mode of transportation, it should
probably analyze the logistics system in terms of cost centers. In this section, four
approaches to analyzing logistics systems are discussed: (1) materials management versus
physical distribution, (2) cost centers, (3) nodes versus links, and (4) logistics channels.
Materials Management versus Physical Distribution

The classification of logistics into materials management and physical distribution
(inbound and outbound logistics) is very useful to logistics management or control in an
organization. Frequently, the movement and storage of raw materials in an organization is
different from the movement and storage of finished goods.
Balanced System: Some organizations have a reasonably balanced flow on the inbound
and outbound sides of their logistics systems.
Heavy Inbound: Some organizations have a very heavy inbound flow and a very simple
outbound flow.
Heavy Outbound: A chemical company like ExxonMobil offers a good example of a

logistics system with a heavy outbound flow.
Reverse Systems: Some organizations have reverse flows on the outbound side of their
logistics systems.
Cost Centers
2-7
A previous discussion mentioned the management activities that many organizations
include in the logistics area, namely, transportation, warehousing, inventory, materials
handling, and industrial packaging. The breakdown of logistics into various cost centers
represents a second approach to logistics system analysis.
Nodes versus Links

A third approach to analyzing logistics systems in an organization is in terms of nodes
and links. The nodes are fixed spatial points where goods stop for storage or processing.
Links represent the transportation network and connect the nodes in the logistics system.
Logistics Channels
A final approach to logistics system analysis is the study of the logistics channel, or the
network of intermediaries engaged in transfer, storage, handling, communication and
other functions that contribute to the efficient flow of goods. The logistics channel can be
viewed as part of the total distribution channel, which includes both the logistics flow as
well as the transaction flow which would be of specific interest to the marketing
manager. The logistics channel can be simple or complex
Logistics and Systems Analysis

An earlier section pointed out that improvements in analyses and methodologies have
facilitated the development of logistics. One such improvement was systems analysis, or
the systems concept. Essentially, a system is a set of interacting elements, variables,
parts, or objects that are functionally related to one another and that form a coherent
group. The systems concept is something to which most individuals have been exposed at
an early educational stage.
Cost Perspective
The preceding engine analogy provides insight into business system characteristics. If
efficiency is measured in costs, an individual part of the system not operating at its lowest
cost might contribute to the system’s overall efficiency
Levels of Optimality
Another aspect of the systems concept is that levels of optimality exist in an organization.
At the same time, logistics is only one subsystem in an organization and, therefore, the
organization should not optimize it at another area’s expense.
At optimality level I (optimizing the organization), an organization should not optimize

transportation at the expense of related logistics areas such as warehousing and
packaging.
Optimality level II consists of other organizations within the supply chain. These other
supply chain members include suppliers (raw materials, components, and transportation
providers) and customers (other manufacturers, wholesalers, and retailers).
2-8
Optimality level III involves the various constraints imposed by society and includes
social, political, and economic influences.
SUMMARY
• Logistics has developed as an important area or function of business since World
War II. It has gone through several phases of development in achieving its present
status.
• Logistics is a critical part of supply chain management. The coordination and, perhaps,
integration of the logistics systems of all the organizations in a supply chain are
necessary requirements for successful management of the supply chain.
• Logistics has a number of different definitions because of the broad-based interest in its
activities and the recognition of its importance. The definition developed by the
Council of Supply Chain Management Professionals is the primary definition used in
this text.
• Logistics is an area of management that has four sub-disciplines: business, military,
service, and event.
• On a macro basis, logistics-related costs have been decreasing on a relative basis, which
has helped the U.S. economy regain its competitive position on a global basis.
• Logistics adds place, time, and quantity utilities to products and enhances the form and
possession utilities added by manufacturing and marketing.
• Logistics has an important relationship to manufacturing, marketing, finance, and other
areas of the organization.
• Logistics managers are responsible for a number of important activities, including
transportation, inventory, warehousing, materials handling, industrial packaging,
customer service, forecasting, and others.
• Logistics systems can be viewed or approached in several different ways for analysis
purposes, including materials management versus physical distribution, cost centers,
nodes versus links, and channels. All four approaches are viable for different purposes.
• Logistics systems are frequently analyzed from a systems approach, which emphasizes
total cost and tradeoffs when changes are proposed. Either a short- or a long run
perspective can be used.
• The cost of logistics systems can be affected by a number of major factors, including
competition in the market, the spatial relationship of nodes, and product characteristics.
ANSWERS TO STUDY QUESTIONS

1. Compare and contrast the four subdivisions of logistics management.
Answer: In the 21st century, Logistics should be viewed as a part of management that has
four subdivisions:
Business logistics: That part of the supply chain that plans, implements, and
controls the effective, efficient forward and reverse flow and storage of goods,
services, and related information from the point of origin to the point of
consumption in order to meet customer requirements.
2-9
Military logistics: The design and integration of all aspects of support for the
operational capability of the military forces [deployed or in garrison] and their
equipment to ensure readiness, reliability, and efficiency.
Event Logistics: The network of activities, facilities, and personnel required to
organize, schedule, and deploy the resources for an event to take place and to
efficiently withdraw after the event.
Service Logistics: The acquisition, scheduling, and management of the
facilities/assets, personnel, and materials to support to sustain a service operation or
business.
2. Compare and contrast logistics management with supply chain management.
Answer: The concepts of supply chain management and logistics must be compared or,
more appropriately, related to each other. Supply chain management is defined using a
pipeline analogy with the start of the pipeline representing the initial supplier and the end
of the pipeline representing the ultimate customer. In other words, it was an extended set
of enterprises from the supplier’s supplier to the customer’s customer.
Another perspective on supply chain management views it as a network of the logistics

systems and related activities of all the individual organizations that are a part of a
particular supply chain. The individual logistics systems obviously play a role in the
success of the overall supply chain. The coordination or integration of the logistics
systems in a supply chain is a challenge; no logistics system operates in a vacuum. For
example, the inbound part of a manufacturer’s logistics system interfaces with the
outbound side of the supplier’s logistics system. The outbound portion of the
manufacturer’s logistics system interfaces with the inbound side of its customer’s
logistics system.
3. On a macro-economic basis, the ratio of inventory to sales has declined over the last 20
years. Is this good or bad? Why? What factors have contributed to this trend? Is this trend
likely to continue in the future? Why or why not?
Answer: The overall, absolute cost of logistics on a macro basis will increase with growth
in the economy. In other words, if we produce and consume more goods and services,
there will be increased total costs associated with all of the logistical activities of each
and every organization. To determine the efficiency of the logistics system, we need to
measure total logistics cost in terms of gross domestic product, which is a widely
accepted barometer or metric used to gauge the rate of growth in the economy.
Logistics costs as a percentage of gross domestic product (GDP) have declined since
1980 from about 16 percent down to under 10 percent. In fact, logistics costs were closer
to 20 percent of GDP in the early to mid-1970s. This indicates a significant improvement
in the efficiency of the overall logistics systems of the various companies operating in the
economy. This reduction in relative cost allows companies to be more competitive since
it directly impacts the cost of producing goods (COGS). It can be argued that the
2-10
turnaround that has occurred in the United States' global, economic viability is due in part
to the improvement in the logistics cost.
The declining trend for logistics cost relative to gross domestic product is very important
to note. The decline started in the early 1980s and was closely related to the deregulation
of transportation, which permitted much more flexibility for carriers to adjust their rates
and service in response to competition. Overall, transportation rates/prices declined in
response to the then new, less regulated environment. A second factor contributing to the
trend has been the improved management of inventory levels. This has been the result of
more attention being focused upon the investment in inventory and the associated better
management tools and techniques for more effective decisions.
On a macro basis, the Federal Reserve publishes data on the ratio of inventory to sales. In
other words, how much inventory do companies carry to support sales? Typically, one
might expect inventory to increase with increased sales, but overall, companies have been
supporting growing sales levels with a much lower level of inventory on a relative basis.
4. Logistics costs as a percentage of GDP have been decreasing in recent years. What
factors have contributed to this relative decline? What does the future hold for logistics
costs?
Answer: On a macro basis, data are published on the ratio of inventory to GDP in the
U.S. economy. From 1985 through 2006, nominal GDP increased by 212.3 percent, while
the value of all business inventories increased by 119.2 percent for the same period. This
is a measure of efficiency and clearly indicates that organizations are improving in
managing their inventory.
5. Discuss the ways in which logistics contributes to economic value in the economy and
in an organization. Pick one of the ways and discuss in more detail
Answer: Five principles types of economic utility add value to a product or service.
Included are form, time, place, quantity, and possession. Generally, production activities
are credited with providing form utility; logistics activities with time, place, and quantity
utilities; and marketing activities with possession utility. Specific answers will vary.
6. Manufacturing organizations have traditionally used long production runs as a means

to gain a cost advantage in the marketplace. What is the impact of long production runs
on logistics? The current approach to manufacturing is to have shorter production runs
and more setups. What impact does this approach have on logistics costs? Manufacturing
costs? What are the tradeoffs?
Answer: A classic interface between logistics and manufacturing relates to the length of
the production run. Manufacturing economies are typically associated with long
production runs with infrequent manufacturing line setups or changeovers. These long
runs, however, easily result in higher inventory levels of certain finished products and
limited supplies of others. Thus, the ultimate manufacturing decision requires managers
2-11
to carefully weight the advantages and disadvantages of long versus short production runs
and their impacts on inventories. Many organizations today tend toward shorter
production runs and doing whatever it takes to reduce the time and expense normally
associated with changing production lines from one product to another. This is especially
true for firms employing JIT or “lean” approaches to inventory and scheduling.
The trend today is toward “pull” systems, manufacturing/logistics systems where the
product is “pulled” in response to demand as opposed to being “pushed” in advance of
demand. This practice lowers inventory levels which can lower total logistics costs.
7. Physical distribution has a special relationship to marketing. Why is this relationship

so special? What is the nature of the overall relationship between logistics and
marketing? Is the relationship becoming more or less important?
Answer: Logistics is sometimes referred to as the other half of marketing. The rationale
for this definition is that the physical distribution or outbound side of an organization’s
logistics system is responsible for the physical movement and storage of products for
customers and thus plays an important role in selling a product. In some instances,
physical distribution and order fulfillment might be the key variables in selling a product;
that is, the ability to provide the product at the right time to the right place in the right
quantities might be the critical element in making a sale. Today, logistics is related to all
four Ps of marketing—price, product, promotion, and place.
8. Logistics comprises a relatively large number of managerial activities. Discuss five of

these activities and why they are important to logistics systems.
Answer: Transportation involves the physical movement or flow of raw materials or

finished goods and involves the transportation agencies that provide service to the firm.
Storage involves two closely related activities: inventory management and warehousing.
A direct relationship exists between transportation and the level of inventory and number
of warehouses required. It is important to examine the trade-offs related to the various
alternatives in order to optimize the overall logistics system.
Packaging involves the necessary packaging needed to move the product to the market.
Logistics managers must analyze the trade-offs between the type of transportation
selected and its packaging requirements.
Materials handling is important to efficient warehouse operation and concerns the
mechanical equipment for short-distance movement of goods through the warehouse.
Order fulfillment consists of the activities involved with completing customer orders.
Order fulfillment concerns the total lead time from when the order is placed to actual
delivery in satisfactory condition.
Forecasting involves the prediction of inventory requirement and materials and parts
essential to effective inventory control.
2-12
Managing Supply Chains A Logistics Approach International Edition 9th Edition Coyle Solutions Manual
Full Download: http://testbanklive.com/download/managing-supply-chains-a-logistics-approach-international-edition-9th-edition-c

Production planning concerns the determination of the number of units necessary to
provide market coverage. The integration of production planning into logistics has
become increasingly popular in large companies to effectively forecast and control
inventory.
Purchasing concerns the availability for production of needed parts, components, and
materials in the right quantity, at the right time, at the right place, and at the right cost.
Purchasing is included within the logistics area if it more effectively coordinates and
lowers costs for the firm.
Customer service plays an important part in logistics by ensuring the customer gets the
right product at the right time and place. Logistics decisions about product availability
and inventory lead time are critical to customer service.
Site location is concerned with creating the time and place relationships between plants
and markets, or between supply points and plants. Site location impacts transportation
rates and service, customer service, inventory requirements, and possible other areas.
9. Compare and contrast the static analysis of logistics systems with dynamic analysis.
Answer: Costs are developed associated with the various logistics cost centers in short-
run/static analysis. Cost information is developed for each alternative system considered,
and the system with the lowest overall cost is selected, provided it was consistent with
constraints imposed by the firm on the logistics area. This is static analysis because costs
are analyzed at one point in time or at one output level.
Long-run/dynamic analysis projects the optimum system by mathematically calculating
the point of equality between proposed systems. A graph is used to determine the equality
point. The total cost for each proposed system is plotted using the equation for a straight
line (y = a + bx). At some level of output, the two systems are equal, and a point of
indifference exists between the two systems.
10. What product characteristics affect logistics costs? Discuss the effects of these
characteristics on logistics costs.
Answer: A number of product-related factors affect the cost and importance of logistics.
Among the more significant of these are dollar value, density, susceptibility to damage,
and the need for special handling.
2-13
Full download all chapters instantly please go to Solutions Manual, Test Bank site: TestBankLive.com

Chapter 2 Role of Logistics in Supply Chains Learning Objectives

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Chapter 2 Role of Logistics in Supply Chains Learning Objectives

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Chapter 2 Role of Logistics in Supply Chains Learning Objectives

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Managing Supply Chains A Logistics Approach International Edition 9th Edition Coyle Solutions Manual

Full Download: http://testbanklive.com/download/managing-supply-chains-a-logistics-approach-international-edition-9th-edition-c

Role of Logistics in Supply Chains Chapter 2

CHAPTER 2 ROLE OF LOGISTICS IN SUPPLY CHAINS

After reading this chapter, you should be able to do the following:

• Explain logistics systems from several perspectives.

• Discuss the importance of management activities in the logistics function.

• Analyze logistics systems from several different perspectives to meet different

For example, consider the following list of terms:

Value-Added Roles of Logistics

Logistics in the Economy: A Macro Perspective

In addition to the managerial focus on managing inventory and transportation more

Logistics in the Firm: The Micro Dimension

Logistics Interfaces with Operations/Manufacturing: Length of the production run is a

Substitutability: Substitutability very often affects the importance of customer service.

Special Handling Requirements: Some products might require specifically designed

Approaches to Analyzing Logistics Systems

Materials Management versus Physical Distribution

Heavy Outbound: A chemical company like ExxonMobil offers a good example of a

Nodes versus Links

Logistics and Systems Analysis

At optimality level I (optimizing the organization), an organization should not optimize

ANSWERS TO STUDY QUESTIONS

2. Compare and contrast logistics management with supply chain management.

Another perspective on supply chain management views it as a network of the logistics

6. Manufacturing organizations have traditionally used long production runs as a means

7. Physical distribution has a special relationship to marketing. Why is this relationship

8. Logistics comprises a relatively large number of managerial activities. Discuss five of

Answer: Transportation involves the physical movement or flow of raw materials or

Role of Logistics in Supply Chains Chapter 2

You might also like