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    Low Birth Weight

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    Shefali Rawat
    This document discusses measurements taken of newborn babies, including birth weight, length, and head circumference. It defines low birth weight as under 2,500 grams and describes classifications based on weight and gestational age. Preventing malnutrition, anemia, and infections in mothers can help reduce the risk of low birth weight. Low birth weight is associated with higher mortality rates in babies and long-term health issues. The document also describes kangaroo mother care, where low birth weight infants are held skin-to-skin against the mother's chest, which provides benefits to both baby and mother.

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    Low Birth Weight

    Uploaded by

    Shefali Rawat
    53 views14 pages
    This document discusses measurements taken of newborn babies, including birth weight, length, and head circumference. It defines low birth weight as under 2,500 grams and describes classifications based on weight and gestational age. Preventing malnutrition, anemia, and infections in mothers can help reduce the risk of low birth weight. Low birth weight is associated with higher mortality rates in babies and long-term health issues. The document also describes kangaroo mother care, where low birth weight infants are held skin-to-skin against the mother's chest, which provides benefits to both baby and mother.

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    Low birth weight

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    This document discusses measurements taken of newborn babies, including birth weight, length, and head circumference. It defines low birth weight as under 2,500 grams and describes classifications based on weight and gestational age. Preventing malnutrition, anemia, and infections in mothers can help reduce the risk of low birth weight. Low birth weight is associated with higher mortality rates in babies and long-term health issues. The document also describes kangaroo mother care, where low birth weight infants are held skin-to-skin against the mother's chest, which provides benefits to both baby and mother.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    53 views14 pages

    Low Birth Weight

    Uploaded by

    Shefali Rawat
    This document discusses measurements taken of newborn babies, including birth weight, length, and head circumference. It defines low birth weight as under 2,500 grams and describes classifications based on weight and gestational age. Preventing malnutrition, anemia, and infections in mothers can help reduce the risk of low birth weight. Low birth weight is associated with higher mortality rates in babies and long-term health issues. The document also describes kangaroo mother care, where low birth weight infants are held skin-to-skin against the mother's chest, which provides benefits to both baby and mother.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 14

    LOW BIRTH WEIGHT  

    BY SAURABH TIWARI
    SERIAL NO. 110
    MEASURING BABY
     It is defined as measurement of birth weight,
    length and head circumference,by which the
    health and maturity of the baby is evaluated.
    COMPONENTS
     BIRTH WEIGHT
    • Should be taken within the first hour of life
    • Normal value: 2.5-4.0 kg
    • Measured by weighing scale(naked baby is place
    on a clean towel on scale pan)
    • In a home delivery,measured by salter weighing
    scale.
    AGE WEIGHT INCREMENTS

    0-3 Months 200gms per week

    4-6 Months 150 gms per week

    7-9 Months 100gms per week

    10-12 Months 50 gms per week

    1-2 YR 2.5 kg per year


    3-5 YR 2 kg per year
    LENGTH
     Should be recorded within 3 days but not
    immediately
     Average birth length in India- 50 cm
     Measured by a infantometer

    AGE (YEARS) HEIGHT INCREMENTS (CMS/YEAR)

    1st 25

    2nd 12

    3rd 9

    4th 7

    5th 6
    HEAD CIRCUMFERENCE
     This changes during first three days due to moulting during
    labour
     Taken with a measuring tape at the maximum circumference of
    head in occipitofrontal diameter
     At birth head circumference is about 34cm, which is 2cm more
    than chest circumference

    PURPOSE OF TAKING THESE MEASUREMENTS


    • Assess the baby’s size against known standards of population.
    • To compare the size with estimated period of gestation.
    • To provide a baseline against which subsequent progress can be
    measured.
    At risk infants

     Birth weight less than 2.5kg


     Twins
     Birth order 5 and more
     Artificial feeding
     Failure to gain wt. during 3 successive months
     Children with PEM, diarrhoea
     Working mother, one parent.
    LOW BIRTH WEIGHT
     Birth weight less than 2500gms.
     Single most important determinant of chances of survival, growth
    and development of baby.

    CLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TO WEIGHT


     Low birth weight: <2500gms
     Very low birth weight: <1500gms
     Extremely low birth weight: <1000gms

    CLASSIFICATION ACCORDING TO GESTATIONAL AGE


     Preterm: <37 weeks
     Fullterm: 37-42 weeks
     Post term: >42 weeks
    PREVENTION
     DIRECT MEASURES
    o Prevention of malnutrition: Nutritional supplements under ICDS ,
    nutrition education
    o Prevention of anaemia: IFA tablets
    o Control of infections: Early diagnosis and treatment
    o Avoidance of smoking, alcohol, sternous work
     INDIRECT MEASURES
    o Prevent early marriage
    o Prevent early child birth
    o Adequate spacing between successive pregnancies
    o Limitation of family size
    o Improve social status of women
    o Improve maternal health services
    IMPORTANCE
     Single most important factor determining the survival
    chances of child.
     It is related to PEM.
     Reflects inadequate nutrition and ill health of mother.
     Imp. Guide to level of care needed by babies.
     Associated with long term neurological disability,
    impaired language development, impaired academic
    achievement and increased risk of developing chronic
    diseases like CVS diseases, diabetes.
    KANGAROO
     DESCRIPTION:
    MOTHER CARE
    Care provided by recently delivered mother to her newborn low birth wt.
    child, by placing baby between her breasts in direct skin to skin contact.
    Introduced in Colombia in 1979 by Drs. Hectar Martinez and Edzar Ray.

     COMPONENTS OF KMC
    • Hips in frog like abduction
     KANGAROO POSITION:
    • Baby in kangaroo bag placed on chest
    of mother
    • Infant in vertical position
    KANGAROO FEEDING POLICY
    • Feed when child is awake, alert
    • Exclusive breast feeding
    • Feed once every 90-120 min
    • Promote suckling
    • If no suckling use spoon, tube method

     EARLY DISCHARGE AND FOLLOW UP


    • Weight gain >40 grams per day for 5 days
    • Feeding well on breast milk
    • Temperature maintained
    • No evidence of illness
    • Mother confident
    • Follow up by health worker at home
    BENEFITS OF KMC
     BENEFITS TO BABY
     Natural incubator, physiological instability, reduced nosocomial infections,
    cognitive development, early growth, safety
     BENEFITS TO MOTHER
     Active involvement in care, relaxed, confident, bonding, satisfaction
     BENEFITS TO FAMILY
     Economical, early ambulation, bonding
     BENEFITS TO HOSPITAL
     Saves materials, saves money, saves manpower
     BENEFITS TO COUNTRY
     Reduce NNMR, reduce IMR, increased child intelligence
    thank you

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