Iso 9988-2-2006

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INTERNATIONAL ISO

STANDARD 9988-2

Third edition
2006-07-15

Plastics — Polyoxymethylene (POM)


moulding and extrusion materials —
Part 2:
Preparation of test specimens
and determination of properties
Plastiques — Matériaux à base de polyoxyméthylène (POM) pour
moulage et extrusion —
Partie 2: Préparation des éprouvettes et détermination des propriétés

Reference number
ISO 9988-2:2006(E)

© ISO 2006
ISO 9988-2:2006(E)

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ii © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved


ISO 9988-2:2006(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.

International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.

The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.

ISO 9988-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 9, Thermoplastic
materials.

This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 9988-2:1999), which has been technically
revised to bring Table 2 and the normative references into continuity with ISO 10350-1:1998. Copolymer, high
modulus, MFR u 4 has been added to Table 1.

ISO 9988 consists of the following parts, under the general title Plastics — Polyoxymethylene (POM) moulding
and extrusion materials:

— Part 1: Designation system and basis for specifications

— Part 2: Preparation of test specimens and determination of properties

© ISO 2006 – All rights reserved iii


INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 9988-2:2006(E)

Plastics — Polyoxymethylene (POM) moulding and extrusion


materials —
Part 2:
Preparation of test specimens and determination of properties

1 Scope
This part of ISO 9988 specifies the methods of preparation of test specimens and the test methods to be used
in determining the properties of polyoxymethylene moulding and extrusion materials. Requirements for
handling test material and for conditioning both the test material before moulding and the specimens before
testing are given.

Procedures and conditions are described for the preparation of test specimens, and procedures are given for
measuring properties of the materials from which these specimens are made. Properties and test methods
which are suitable and necessary to characterize polyoxymethylene moulding and extrusion materials are
listed.

The properties have been selected from the general test methods in ISO 10350-1:1998. Other test methods in
wide use for, or of particular significance to, these moulding and extrusion materials are also included in this
part of ISO 9988 as designatory properties specified in ISO 9988-1: melt flow rate and tensile modulus.

In order to obtain reproducible and comparable test results, it is necessary to use the methods of specimen
preparation and conditioning. The specimen dimensions and the test procedures are specified herein. Values
determined will not necessarily be identical to those obtained using specimens of different dimensions or
prepared using different procedures.

2 Conformance
In Clause 3, the year of the publication of each normative reference has been specifically stated. In order to
be able to claim conformity with this part of ISO 9988, it is essential that the user use only those editions given,
and not earlier or more recent editions.

3 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.

ISO 62:1999, Plastics — Determination of water absorption

ISO 75-2:2004, Plastics — Determination of temperature of deflection under load — Part 2: Plastics and
ebonite

ISO 178:2001, Plastics — Determination of flexural properties

ISO 179-1:2000, Plastics — Determination of Charpy impact properties — Part 1: Non-instrumented impact
test

© ISO 2006 – All rights reserved 1


ISO 9988-2:2006(E)

ISO 180:2000, Plastics — Determination of Izod impact strength

ISO 291:1997, Plastics — Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing

ISO 294-1:1996, Plastics — Injection moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials — Part 1: General
principles, and moulding of multipurpose and bar test specimens

ISO 294-3:2002, Plastics — Injection moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials — Part 3: Small
plates

ISO 294-4:2001, Plastics — Injection moulding of test specimens of thermoplastic materials — Part 4:
Determination of moulding shrinkage

ISO 527-2:1993, Plastics — Determination of tensile properties — Part 2: Test conditions for moulding and
extrusion plastics

ISO 899-1:2003, Plastics — Determination of creep behaviour — Part 1: Tensile creep

ISO 1133:2005, Plastics — Determination of the melt mass-flow rate (MFR) and the melt volume-flow rate
(MVR) of thermoplastics

ISO 1183-1:2004, Plastics — Methods for determining the density of non-cellular plastics — Part 1: Immersion
method, liquid pyknometer method and titration method

ISO 3167:2002, Plastics — Multipurpose test specimens

ISO 10350-1:1998, Plastics — Acquisition and presentation of comparable single-point data — Part 1:
Moulding materials

ISO 11357-3:1999/Amd1:2005, Plastics — Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) — Part 3: Determination of


temperature and enthalpy of melting and crystallization — Amendment 1

ISO 11359-2:1999, Plastics — Thermomechanical analysis (TMA) — Part 2: Determination of coefficient of


linear thermal expansion and glass transition temperature

IEC 60093:1980, Methods of test for volume resistivity and surface resistivity of solid electrical insulating
materials

IEC 60112:2003, Method for the determination of the proof and the comparative tracking indices of solid
insulating materials

IEC 60243-1:1998, Electrical strength of insulating materials — Test methods — Part 1: Tests at power
frequencies

IEC 60250:1969, Recommended methods for the determination of the permittivity and dielectric dissipation
factor of electrical insulating materials at power, audio and radio frequencies including metre wavelengths

IEC 60296:2003, Fluids for electrotechnical applications — Unused mineral insulating oils for transformers
and switchgear

4 Preparation of test specimens

4.1 General

Specimens shall be prepared by injection moulding. It is essential that they are always prepared by the same
procedure, using the same processing conditions. The standard conditions are given below.

The material shall be kept in moisture-proof containers until it is required for use.

2 © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved


ISO 9988-2:2006(E)

4.2 Treatment of the material before moulding

No pretreatment of the material sample is normally necessary before processing.

NOTE POM moulding materials adsorb moisture on the surface of the particles, which may lead to surface defects in
moulded specimens. To assure mouldings are free of surface defects, the material may be dried for a minimum of 4 h at
80 °C in a circulating air environment.

4.3 Injection moulding

Specimens shall be prepared in accordance with ISO 294-1, ISO 294-3 or ISO 294-4, using the conditions
specified in Table 1.

Table 1 — Conditions for injection moulding of test specimens

Melt Mould Average injection velocity


Material temperature temperature
°C °C mm/s
Homopolymer, MFR < 7 215 90 140 ± 100
Homopolymer, MFR > 7 215 90 300 ± 100
Homopolymer, impact-modified, MFR u 7 210 60 140 ± 100
Copolymer, MFR > 4 205 90 200 ± 100
Copolymer, impact-modified 205 80 200 ± 100
Copolymer, MFR < 4 205 90 140 ± 100
Copolymer, high modulus, MFR u 4 210 100 140 ± 100

5 Conditioning of test specimens

Test specimens shall be conditioned in accordance with ISO 291 for at least 16 h at (23 ± 2) °C and
(50 ± 5) % relative humidity.

NOTE If test specimen conditioning and testing is in the sub-tropical atmosphere of 27 °C/65 % relative humidity
found in ISO 291, then this is to be noted in the test report and the results may not be compared to those obtained at the
standard specified conditioning temperature and humidity.

6 Determination of properties
In the determination of properties and the presentation of data, the standards, supplementary instructions and
notes given in ISO 10350-1:1998 shall be applied. All tests shall be carried out in the standard atmosphere of
(23 ± 2) °C and (50 ± 5) % relative humidity unless specifically stated otherwise in Tables 2 and 3.

Table 2 is compiled from ISO 10350-1:1998 and the properties listed are those which are appropriate to
polyoxymethylene moulding and extrusion materials. These properties are those considered useful for
comparisons of data generated for different thermoplastics.

Table 3 contains those properties, not found specifically in ISO 10350-1:1998, which are in wide use or of
particular significance in the practical characterization of polyoxymethylene moulding and extrusion materials.
These properties may be based on specimens which are not listed in ISO 10350-1:1998. Refer to Clause 5 if
using a subtropical conditioning and testing atmosphere.

© ISO 2006 – All rights reserved 3


ISO 9988-2:2006(E)

Table 2 — General properties and test conditions (selected from ISO 10350-1:1998)

Specimen type Test conditions and


Property Unit Standard
(dimensions in mm) supplementary instructions

Rheological properties

Melt mass-flow rate g/10 min


ISO 1133 Moulding compound Temperature 190 °C, load 2,16 kg
Melt volume-flow rate cm3/10 min

Mechanical properties

Tensile modulus Test speed 1 mm/min


MPa
Yield stress

Yield strain ISO 3167, Test speed 50 mm/min


% ISO 527-2
Nominal strain at break type A

Stress at break MPa Test speed 5 mm/min. Only to be quoted if


Strain at break % strain at break is < 10 %.

ISO 3167, At 1 h
Tensile creep modulus ISO 899-1 Strain u 0,5 %
MPa type A At 1 000 h

Flexural modulus ISO 178 80 × 10 × 4 Test speed 2 mm/min

Charpy impact strength 80 × 10 × 4

kJ/m2 ISO 179-1 80 × 10 × 4 Method 1e (edgewise impact)


Charpy notched impact strength V-notch
r = 0,25 (notch A)

Thermal properties

Melting temperature °C ISO 11357-3 Moulding compound Use 10 °C/min.

Temperature of deflection under 80 × 10 × 4 Method A (1,8 MPa) and


°C ISO 75-2
load flatwise method B (0,45 MPa)

Parallel Quote the secant value over


Coefficient of linear thermal Prepared from
°C−1 ISO 11359-2 the temperature range 23 °C
expansion ISO 3167 Normal to 55 °C

Electrical properties

Frequency 100 Hz and 1 MHz


Relative permittivity — IEC 60250 60 × 60 × 2
(compensate for electrode edge effect)

Frequency 100 Hz and 1 MHz


Dissipation factor — IEC 60250 60 × 60 × 2
(compensate for electrode edge effect)

Volume resistivity Ω⋅m IEC 60093 60 × 60 × 2 Voltage 500 V

Surface resistivity Ω IEC 60093 60 × 60 × 2 Voltage 500 V

Use 20 mm diameter spherical electrode


Electric strength kV/mm IEC 60243-1 60 × 60 × 2 configuration. Immerse in IEC 60296
transformer oil. Voltage rate 2 kV/s.

Comparative tracking index — IEC 60112 W 15 × W 15 × 4 Use solution A.

Other properties

Water absorption % ISO 62 60 × 60 × 2 Saturation value in water at 23 °C

Density kg/m3 ISO 1183-1 10 × 10 × 4

Report shrinkage perpendicular and parallel


Moulding shrinkage % ISO 294-4 60 × 60 × 2 to flow, post-moulding shrinkage and total
shrinkage.

4 © ISO 2006 – All rights reserved


ISO 9988-2:2006(E)

Table 3 — Additional properties and test conditions of particular utility


to polyoxymethylene moulding and extrusion materials

Specimen type Test conditions and


Property Unit Standard
(dimensions in mm) supplementary instructions

Mechanical properties

Izod impact strength, notched kJ/m2 ISO 180 80 × 10 × 4 Method A

NOTE At the next periodic review, consideration may be given to eliminating notched Izod. There has been sufficient
time to establish notched Charpy impact for comparable properties since this was determined to be the preferred notched
bar test.

© ISO 2006 – All rights reserved 5


ISO 9988-2:2006(E)

ICS 83.080.20
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© ISO 2006 – All rights reserved

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