Perspectives Pre-Intermediate Workbook Audio Script

Perspectives: Pre-Intermediate Print Workbook 9781337288989 British English
AUDIO SCRIPT
Unit 1
Track 1
1 Our teacher is great. She always helps us with our homework or when we don’t understand
something in class.
2 We exercise a lot. We walk to school every day, and in the afternoon we play tennis or go to
the gym.
3 I can’t sleep! The neighbours play music late at night. They are always talking and laughing. I
can hear everything!
4 My flatmate doesn’t wash his dishes or clean the flat. Some days he doesn’t go to lectures. He
sits in his room and watches TV.
5 My aunt can draw and paint very well. She also writes books. She’s good at cooking, too!
6 Hahaha! I love your stories. It’s so much fun to listen to you.
7 I’m always nervous at work. I don’t like my boss. I work hard, but he’s never nice to me.
8 My friend is late again… but that’s OK. I’m not angry. I’m reading my book and drinking a
coffee.
Track 2
Female: The Simpsons are a famous TV family. The father, Homer, isn’t very clever. He
always has problems because he does what he wants to do and doesn’t think
about things. His favourite activities are eating and sleeping. His wife, Marge,
always fixes the problems. She sometimes gets angry with Homer, but she loves
him, and in the end they are always happy.
Their two older children, Bart and Lisa, are opposites. Bart always causes
problems. He doesn’t follow the rules, he likes to have fun and make jokes—and
he isn’t always nice to people! He’s clever, but he doesn’t do well in school. He
doesn’t study. He just makes the teachers angry!
Lisa, however, is a very good student. She follows the rules and is always nice to
other people. She likes to read and study, and she’s very organized. She’s also a
musician! She plays the saxophone very well.
Track 3
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1. Mohammed loves to be funny. <pause 5 seconds> Loves.

2. Tristan takes the bus to work. <pause 5 seconds> Takes.
3. Jerry listens to classical music. <pause 5 seconds> Listens.
4. Loreto dances to hip-hop music. <pause 5 seconds> Dances.
5. DJ Spooky mixes many kinds of music. <pause 5 seconds> Mixes.
6. Jimmy tries new activities. <pause 5 seconds> Tries.
7. Ben throws a baseball. <pause 5 seconds> Throws.
8. Nadia speaks quickly. <pause 5 seconds> Speaks.
Track 4
1. Enzo is quite cheerful. He knows a lot of people.

2. Ava likes hip hop and pop. She’s always wearing headphones.
3. Tatsuki doesn’t talk much. He feels a bit nervous around others.
4. Andreas enjoys running and he plays volleyball with his friends.
5. Mercedes goes to the gym every day of the week. She loves exercising.
6. Sofia has a blog about music. She loves to share stories about her favourite singers.
7. Carlos is quite popular. Many people think he is funny and interesting.
8. Patricia’s favourite book is a love story. She tells everyone about it.
Track 5
Female: Hi Anthony!
Male: Oh, hi.
Female: Anthony, are you free this afternoon? Do you want to go to the cinema?
Male: Sorry, Julie, I’m busy. I have a class.
Female: What class?
Male: I’m really into art, so I am taking a painting class.
Female: That sounds fun. What do you like to paint?
Male: Right now I’m painting fruit and flowers. The class is difficult, but I like it.
Female: I love paintings. You should show me your paintings sometime. I bet they are
really good.
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Male: Sure. ... So what film are you going to see this afternoon?
Female: I’m going to see the new superhero film. I’m really into action movies.
Male: What is the film about?
Female: The film is about the superhero as a child and teenager. And everyone says it has
really good music.
Male: Oh, really? What kind of music is it?
Female: It’s mostly classical music, but it has some pop, jazz and reggae songs. The songs
were chosen by DJ Spooky. Have you heard of him?
Male: No, I haven’t.
Female: He’s really great. He’s getting more and more famous these days.
Male: I’ll have to check him out.
Female: Well, I hope you have a good class. Maybe we can meet up tomorrow.
Male: Sure. I hope you enjoy the film.
Track 6
How do we decide if we like or dislike something? It’s an easy question, right?

We like beautiful things, and delicious food, and music that sounds good. A
larger question is why we like the things we do.
Dr Paul Bloom writes about this subject in his book How Pleasure Works: The
New Science of Why We Like What We Like. It explains that people enjoy, or get
pleasure from, something not only because it’s pretty or tastes good. There is
more to it. People’s idea or experience of something helps them decide whether
they like it or not. For example, people like the scent of a perfume more when
they know it is expensive. Experiments have shown that the same is true with
wine. It’s the belief that expensive things are good.
But remember it’s not only about money. It’s the idea or experience of
something that helps us decide whether we like it or not. People often like old
things that make them think of positive experiences, such as parents keeping a
baby’s blanket long after the child is an adult. To someone other than the parent,
it’s just an old blanket.
Track 7
Page 3 of 63
The next book we’ll read in our survey of American literature is The Grapes of
Wrath. Nobel Prize winning author John Steinbeck wrote this novel, or long
story. Before you begin the first reading task, I want to give you a little
information about the novel.
This novel takes place in the United States of America in the 1930s. At this time,
many of the farmers in the middle of the country were struggling because there
was not enough rain. This caused many problems. When the farmers couldn’t
grow their crops, they had to leave their homes. Many of the farmers moved to
California to start a new life.
I want to introduce the personalities of the people, or characters, in the novel.

It’s not easy to leave your home. Think about it. What kind of personality do you
need to leave your home? Is it difficult to live in a new place?
The novel includes several different personalities. Some of the people are
hopeful, brave and a little excited to move to a new place. The character named
Tom Joad and his mother are the leaders of their family. They must be careful as
they move their whole family across the country. On the other hand, there are
characters who are more fearful. Some of them are angry. Some of them have a
difficult time being hopeful about moving to a new place.
Now why do you think some people find it difficult to move to a new place when
others don’t? Is it because of personality? Let’s hear some of your ideas…[fade]
Track 8
This is Your Brain on Nature
What makes you happy? It’s a question we all want an answer to. Does food
make you happy? Do pictures of puppies make you feel calm? What about being
outdoors, walking in the sun, or hiking in a forest?
“People underestimate the happiness effect” of being outdoors, says Lisa Nisbet,
a psychology professor at Canada’s Trent University. “We don’t think of it as a
way to increase happiness. We think other things will do this, like shopping or
TV.” But there’s a lot of evidence to show that being outdoors in nature makes
people feel better. In fact, some countries are promoting nature experiences as
one way to help people stay healthy.
Page 4 of 63
In Finland, a large number of people become sad or depressed in winter. The

Finnish government wants to know why. It pays researchers to ask people about
their moods after visiting natural and urban areas. Do they feel more nervous or
more relaxed? The researchers studied people’s responses. They are
recommending a minimum nature dose of five hours a month, or several short
visits a week, to a natural place. “Shin to bul ee—Body and soil are one.” At the
Saneum Healing Forest, east of Seoul, “health rangers” offer visitors elm-bark
tea, then take them on hikes along creeks, and through forests of red maple,
oak, and pine-nut trees. During one visit, 40 firefighters take part in a free, three-
day programme sponsored by the local government. After a morning of hiking,
they enjoy practising yoga and arranging delicate dried flowers. Among them is
Kang Byoung-wook, a 46-year-old firefighter from Seoul. “It’s a stressed life,” he
says. “I want to live here for a month.”
Researchers can measure how a fifteen-minute walk in the woods causes
changes in the body. A study in Japan compares people who spend time in
forests and in city centres. The people who spend time in nature show a lower
level of stress, and lower blood pressure and heart rate. Yoshifumi Miyazaki, one
of the researchers, believes our bodies relax in pleasant, natural surroundings
because they are originally from natural places. When we slow down, stop
working, and take in beautiful natural surroundings, we often feel more cheerful,
and our mental performance improves. Our senses are better at interpreting
information about plants and streams, Miyazaki says, than traffic and high-rises!
Track 9
1 When the musicians begin to play, you must stop talking.

2 Do you plan to travel after you graduate?
3 I always enjoy talking to my friends after school.
4 He prefers exercising before dinner.
5 Oscar can’t help crying when he hears sad music.
6 Mei tries to see her grandfather every week.
7 I hope to visit ten countries before my twenty-first birthday.
8 Young children learn to speak by listening to other people.
Track 10
Frank Warren: Half a million secrets
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Hi, my name is Frank, and I collect secrets. It all started with a crazy idea in November of 2004. I
printed up 3,000 self-addressed postcards, just like this. They were blank on one side, and on
the other side I listed some simple instructions. I asked people to anonymously share an artful
secret they'd never told anyone before. And I handed out these postcards randomly on the
streets of Washington, D.C., not knowing what to expect.
But soon the idea began spreading virally. People began to buy their own postcards and make
their own postcards. I started receiving secrets in my home mailbox, not just with postmarks
from Washington, D.C., but from Texas, California, Vancouver, New Zealand, Iraq. Soon my
crazy idea didn't seem so crazy. PostSecret.com is the most visited advertisement-free blog in
the world. And this is my postcard collection today. You can see my wife struggling to stack a
brick of postcards on a pyramid of over a half-million secrets.
What I'd like to do now is share with you a very special handful of secrets from that collection,
starting with this one. "I found these stamps as a child, and I have been waiting all my life to
have someone to send them to. I never did have someone." Secrets can take many forms. They
can be shocking or silly or soulful. They can connect us to our deepest humanity or with people
we'll never meet.
"That Saturday when you wondered where I was, well, I was getting your ring. It's in my pocket
right now." I had this postcard posted on the PostSecret blog two years ago on Valentine's Day.
It was the very bottom, the last secret in the long column. And it hadn't been up for more than
a couple hours before I received this exuberant email from the guy who mailed me this
postcard.
And he said, "Frank, I've got to share with you this story that just played out in my life." He said,
"My knees are still shaking." He said, "For three years, my girlfriend and I, we've made it this
Sunday morning ritual to visit the PostSecret blog together and read the secrets out loud. I read
some to her, she reads some to me." He says, "It's really brought us closer together through the
years.
And so when I discovered that you had posted my surprise proposal to my girlfriend at the very
bottom, I was beside myself. And I tried to act calm, not to give anything away. And just like
every Sunday, we started reading the secrets out loud to each other." He said, "But this time it
seemed like it was taking her forever to get through each one." But she finally did. She got to
that bottom secret, his proposal to her. And he said, "She read it once and then she read it
again." And she turned to him and said, "Is that our cat?" (Laughter) And when she saw him, he
Page 6 of 63
was down on one knee, he had the ring out. He popped the question, she said yes. It was a very
happy ending.
So I emailed him back and I said, "Please share with me an image, something, that I can share
with the whole PostSecret community and let everyone know your fairy tale ending." And he
emailed me this picture.
"I found your camera at Lollapalooza this summer. I finally got the pictures developed and I'd
love to give them to you." This picture never got returned back to the people who lost it, but
this secret has impacted many lives, starting with a student up in Canada named Matty. Matty
was inspired by that secret to start his own website, a website called I Found Your Camera.
Matty invites people to mail him digital cameras that they've found, memory sticks that have
been lost with orphan photos. And Matty takes the pictures off these cameras and posts them
on his website every week. And people come to visit to see if they can identify a picture they've
lost or help somebody else get the photos back to them that they might be desperately
searching for.
Matty has found this ingenious way to leverage the kindness of strangers. And it might seem
like a simple idea, and it is, but the impact it can have on people's lives can be huge. Matty
shared with me an emotional email he received from the mother in that picture. "That's me, my
husband and son. The other pictures are of my very ill grandmother. Thank you for making your
site. These pictures mean more to me than you know. My son's birth is on this camera. He turns
four tomorrow." Every picture that you see there and thousands of others have been returned
back to the person who lost it – sometimes crossing oceans, sometimes going through language
barriers.
Secrets can take many forms. They can be shocking or silly or soulful. They can connect us with
our deepest humanity or with people we'll never meet again.
Track 11
1
Female: Are you into sports?
Male: I love to watch football. I’m really into Real Madrid.
2
Male: Do you have a favourite kind of music?
Female: I play the saxophone, so I love to listen to jazz music.
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3
Male: Are you into gaming?
Female: A bit. I don’t mind playing games, but I can’t stand pro-gaming! Watching other
people play is so boring.
4
Female: Do you have a favourite place to relax?
Male: I’m really into films so I love to go to the cinema.
5
Male: Are you into cycling?
Female: I’m not that interested in road cycling, but I’m really into mountain biking.
Track 12
Some people think it is more fun to play sport with friends. Others think it is
more fun to share creative interests like music and film. Which do you think is
better? Explain why. You have 15 seconds to prepare your answer, and 45
seconds to give your response. Record yourself. Then listen to the example
answer.
Track 13
I’m really into football and I love to play it with my friends whenever I have time.
I think it’s really fun. We all try hard to play a good match and work together to
make the match exciting. We all have the same favourite team, Manchester
United, and we enjoy watching their matches together. Um, I also like listening
to music. I’m really into hip-hop, but some of my friends aren’t really interested
in that; they like pop music. I can’t stand pop music! So, I think it’s more fun to
play sport together, because we all like it, and can play it together.
Unit 2
Track 14
1 Can we go to a different coffee shop? There are too many people here! There are no
free tables.
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2 On my street, there are no shops, restaurants or other businesses. There are only
houses.
3 I love living in this part of the city. Everything is nearby. I can walk to the supermarket,
there are lots of great restaurants . . . there’s a beautiful park right next to my building. I
don’t need a car at all!
4 So, this is my place. Here’s my desk and chair, where I do my homework. My bed’s right
there, across from the TV. There’s no sofa. Umm… there’s also no kitchen. See? I just
have this small refrigerator for drinks and stuff. I share a bathroom with the other
people on this floor.
5 As you can see, there are a lot of old houses and buildings here, all in the traditional
Spanish style. That theatre there was built in 1885.
6 My grandmother’s house is interesting to visit. She never buys new things, so most of
her furniture is from the 1970s. There are a lot of decorations, too—like plastic flowers
and paintings of boats.
Track 15
1 Finding an apartment used to be a lot easier.

2 Didn't you use to live in London?
3 They used all recycled materials to build the house.
4 Did you use to live in an apartment?
5 He used a lot of bamboo to build the house.
6 The city used to be a lot less crowded.
Track 16
1 The quality of life in the countryside is very good.

2 A suburb is an area outside a city.
3 It's important to have a lot of windows in your house.
4 Homes used to have a lot less technology.
5 Our impact on the environment is sometimes called our footprint.
6 Modern design is better than traditional construction.
7 A dream house always has a swimming pool.
8 The world's forests are getting smaller and smaller.
Track 17
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The world is using more and more wood every year. People use wood in
everything, from new construction, paper and packaging, furniture and even
children's toys. Where does all that wood come from? The answer is, of course,
from our forests.
In the past, some people and companies cut down forests. They weren't thinking
about the future. This was very short-sighted because the supply of trees was
getting smaller and smaller. The size of our forests continues to get smaller
today.
The good news is that now more people are thinking about the forests before
cutting down trees for houses and furniture. Now builders and furniture makers
often use bamboo and other materials instead of wood from trees. In some
countries there is a tax, or an extra cost, on new furniture. This helps pay for
replanting trees. And lots of people are discovering that used furniture is cool,
and saves forests. Call it vintage, second-hand or retro, it’s popular in home
decorating.
Another way to help is to make sure that a young tree seedling replaces every
adult tree that someone cuts down. This works very well in forests that grow
very quickly, for example, bamboo forests. Bamboo isn't exactly a tree, but it's a
very popular construction material.
Recycling materials and planting new trees can help protect the future of our
forests, the animals that live there and the world we live in.
Track 18
I was talking to a colleague at work the other day and something he said
surprised me. “When are you going to get a car?” he asked me. He thought that I
NEEDED to get a car. You know, to be like an adult or successful or something. I
told him I had no plans to get a car. And he looked at me like I was crazy.
The fact is that I like my area because I don’t need a car. I can walk to the park,
shops, the library, and my favourite restaurant. Also, I ride my bike and use
public transport to get around.
Page 10 of 63
The conversation with my colleague made me start thinking about quality of life
and the choices we make. Most people don’t have cars where I live. They’re
unnecessary because it’s a walkable part of the city. A car is expensive and there
isn’t much parking in this area. And, I don't think that one more car in my city is a
good thing. The traffic is already so bad. And another car means more pollution
and noise. More people need to try living without a car. That would improve
everyone’s quality of life!
Maybe that's the difference between my colleague and me. I think that maybe
he thinks only about his own quality of life and nobody else's. For me, it's
important to take care of myself, but also to think about others. My hope is that
everyone in this world can have a good quality of life—not just some people.
Track 19
Floating Cities of the Future
We all know that the ocean covers a large part of the Earth’s surface. We also
know that with 7 billion people on this planet, space for housing is running out!
Where do you want to live in the future? In a city? Near the ocean? How about a
city in the ocean?
In the past, people thought that floating cities were only in science-fiction
stories. Today, people are developing plans for new types of buildings and cities,
including some that float on the surface of the ocean. Japan’s Shimizu
Corporation is working on a “Green Float” idea. The company wants to build a
floating city in the Pacific Ocean. And just like the cities we know today, the plan
for Green Float’s city on the ocean includes residential areas, shopping districts,
walkable neighbourhoods, and business districts.
Another plan for a floating city takes its name and inspiration from a plant. An
architect designed Lilypad to be an ecologically friendly, ultra-modern city that’s
completely self-sufficient. A Lilypad city gets energy from the sun, wind and the
ocean’s tide. Boats and other floating vehicles are the only transportation for the
50,000 future residents of a Lilypad.
Today, cities like the Lilypads only exist on paper, and in the imaginations of their
inventors. But these new ideas for housing are important for the future.
Traditional ways of living need to change. Major urban centres are becoming
more and more crowded every day. Floating cities are one possible answer to
the need for more housing.
Page 11 of 63
Track 20
Elora Hardy: Magical houses, made of bamboo
1.
I don't think I realized this was so unusual at the time, and maybe I still haven't, because I'm still
designing houses. This is a six-story bespoke home on the island of Bali. It's built almost entirely
from bamboo. The living room overlooks the valley from the fourth floor. You enter the house
by a bridge. It can get hot in the tropics, so we make big curving roofs to catch the breezes. But
some rooms have tall windows to keep the air conditioning in and the bugs out. This room we
left open. We made an air-conditioned, tented bed. And one client wanted a TV room in the
corner of her living room. Boxing off an area with tall walls just didn't feel right, so instead, we
made this giant woven pod.
2.
That's my dad. He's the one who got me building with bamboo, and he is standing in a clump of
Dendrocalamus asper niger that he planted just seven years ago. Each year, it sends up a new
generation of shoots. That shoot, we watched it grow a meter in three days just last week, so
we're talking about sustainable timber in three years.
3.
Now, we harvest from hundreds of family-owned clumps. Betung, as we call it, it's really long,
up to 18 meters of usable length. Try getting that truck down the mountain. And it's strong: it
has the tensile strength of steel, the compressive strength of concrete. Slam four tons straight
down on a pole, and it can take it. Because it's hollow, it's lightweight, light enough to be lifted
by just a few men, or, apparently, one woman.
4.
And when my father built Green School in Bali, he chose bamboo for all of the buildings on
campus, because he saw it as a promise. It's a promise to the kids. It's one sustainable material
that they will not run out of. And when I first saw these structures under construction about six
years ago, I just thought, this makes perfect sense. It is growing all around us. It's strong. It's
elegant. It's earthquake-resistant. Why hasn't this happened sooner, and what can we do with
it next?
5.
Build something extraordinary out of it. Inspire people. Fortunately, Balinese culture fosters
craftsmanship. It values the artisan. So combine those with the adventurous outliers from new
generations of locally trained architects and designers and engineers, and always remember
Page 12 of 63
that you are designing for curving, tapering, hollow poles. No two poles alike, no straight lines,
no two-by-fours here. The tried-and-true, well-crafted formulas and vocabulary of architecture
do not apply here. We have had to invent our own rules. We ask the bamboo what it's good at,
what it wants to become, and what it says is: respect it, design for its strengths, protect it from
water, and to make the most of its curves.
Track 21
1 I used to spend a lot of time outside because I lived in a small apartment.

2 The reason I went to Barcelona was to see the amazing architecture.
3 My house is in the countryside, so I spend a lot of time by myself.
4 Since I have four brothers and sisters, our place was very noisy.
Track 22
The first thing the dream needs is solar panels. Since a lot of pollution is caused
by making electricity, having solar panels will lower the amount of carbon we
produce.
It’s also important that the house has a water recycling system, because we use
a lot of water and some of it could be used again.
Another thing it should have is wall insulation. It gets very cold in winter so we
need to keep the building warm without using a lot of heat.
Finally, I think a rainwater tank is very important. Just like we catch the sun for
electricity, we can catch the rain and use the water for growing plants so we can
keep the fresh water for important things.
Track 23
Interviewer: Let’s talk about your interests. Do you prefer spending your free time at home or
going out?
Female: I’m really into sport so I spend a lot of my free time outside and playing football,
going running, and swimming. I see my friends at weekends too. Since we all live
Page 13 of 63
in different small towns, we go to the largest town and hang out when it’s good
weather, but it snows a lot in winter so then we go skiing together.
Interviewer:: Tell me a little about your hometown.
Male: I live in a small town in the countryside. There aren’t many young people, but
there’s a local primary school, a post office, and a small restaurant, and there are
lots of farms nearby. The nearest town’s about 12 miles away, and that’s where I
spend a lot of my time. I go there every day because my school is there. It’s a
historic town, so the centre is very pretty, and there are often tourists in the
summer. The reason people visit my town is to see the local art and the
museum.
Interviewer: What did you like about where you lived as a child?
Female: I have always lived in the same town, and I liked it when I was a child because
everyone knew each other and there were always lots of children to play with. It
was easy to go into the countryside to play because the fields were everywhere
around us. Since there was so much space, I had a great time with my friends
exploring the area. We all liked the same things because we were children, but
now we are older, we are into different music and sports, so we don’t spend as
much time together.
Interviewer: What do you do in your free time in your hometown?
Male: In my free time, I usually hang out with my friends. A lot of us skate, so we go to
the skate park a lot, and go shopping, see films at the cinema, that kind of thing.
If it’s raining we sometimes go to a cafe and chat. I also do a lot of sports, and I
train at the gym. We have a small tennis club there and I play a couple of
matches every week, but I often lose because my friends are better players!
Unit 3
Track 24
1. I feel fine!
2. I have a cold.
3. My back hurts.
Page 14 of 63
4. I have blue eyes.

5. Exercise is good for you!
6. The dentist looked at my teeth.
7. I told the doctor I didn’t feel well.
8. The human body is very interesting.
Track 25
A Active children and adults get a lot of exercise, but they also often get hurt. Runners often
hurt their knees or feet. Football, basketball and baseball players sometimes end up with a
broken arm.
B Every year, thousands of people get the flu. Most people get better after a few days or one to
two weeks, but sometimes it can be serious. If your throat hurts and you have a high
temperature and body pains, you might have the flu.
C How can you know how another person feels? Look at their eyes and mouth. Are they
smiling? How is the person sitting? Is their back straight and their head lifted high? They
probably feel happy and healthy. Or are they bent over with their head hanging low? They
might be sad or ill.
D When you have a bad headache, it’s difficult to eat, work or move… You don’t want to do
anything. You just want it to go away! Many people take aspirin and that works well. But for
some people, aspirin causes stomachaches.
E Hospitals are usually where people go to get well. However, it is very common to catch an
illness while in hospital. Many people in hospital are older and weak, so it is easier for them to
catch something—and there are always lots of people with lots of illnesses in a hospital!
F You might know this feeling: You’re out on a large boat in the sea. It’s moving slowly back and
forth with the water. Your stomach starts to feel unwell, and your face looks a bit green. The
problem may be that your eyes are telling you one thing, but your ears and your body are
telling you something different.
Track 26
1. I thought you said there were only A FEW problems.

2. No, no. It's not my knee, it's my NECK!
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3. HOW MUCH did you say it costs?

4. It's not kind over matter, it's MIND over matter.
5. What would you say is the BIGGEST health problem in the world?
6. Are you kidding me? You call this A LITTLE?
Track 27
1
Female: Good afternoon. What’s the matter?
Male: Well, I can’t hear well in my right ear and it’s very painful.
2
Female: What seems to be the problem?
Male: I can't stop coughing and I have a runny nose. I feel awful.
3
Female: I can see that you're in some pain.
Male: It's really difficult for me to lift my arm up above my head and the pain goes from
here to my neck.
4
Female: You don't seem to be feeling very well.
Male: No, I'm not. I feel really, really hot and weak.
5
Female: Can you tell me what's wrong?
Male: Well, it's very painful to turn my head in any direction and I also have a bad
headache.
6
Female: How are you feeling?
Male: Terrible. I’m in a boat and I feel sick to my stomach and am finding it difficult to
stand up.
7
Female: Nice to see you again. What's the problem?
Male: I'm not exactly sure. I've got a sore throat and I feel really tired and hot.
Page 16 of 63
Track 28
We all deal with our health problems in different ways. Some people go to the
doctor for every illness or injury. They are sensitive to pain and they need
medical professionals to tell them what to do. They often use prescription
medicines.
Other people don’t visit the doctor unless the problem is very serious. They
usually look after themselves. They seem to be able to turn off pain in a way that
others don't. They are more likely to try and take care of their health without
professional help or prescription medicines.
Many doctors believe this difference in patients is the mind-body connection of

the individual. Some people can control or live with pain or other symptoms that
others cannot deal with. This ability can be called mind over matter.
This doesn’t mean that one person is weak and another is strong. It means that
we are all different and don't experience pain in the same way. This is true with
other problems like anxiety and stress. Why does one person feel anxious in a
certain situation while another person stays calm? Are some people able to use
their minds to control stress more effectively?
The good news for all of us is that there are techniques for strengthening the
mind-body connection and improving our ability to use mind over matter. A
good example of this is the practice of meditation.
Track 29
For a very long time all I really cared about was making money. I was very good
at my job and quickly rose in my company. I had a beautiful apartment and
expensive car. I took a luxurious holiday every year and made sure that everyone
saw the pictures. I was making a lot of money and it was very important to me
that people saw me as a success.
But something was missing. It's not that I was unhappy. I had some really good
friends and was in good health, but at the end of the day I would ask myself, “Is
that all there is? Is this what life is all about?”
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Then one day I saw a documentary on television about an organization called

Habitat for Humanity. This organization builds housing for people in need all
across the world, at no cost to them. It was so incredibly moving to see how
thankful people were when they got a place to call home. And the most amazing
thing, the building is done by volunteers and funded from donations. I
immediately donated some money and it felt great.
But that's not the end of the story. I got so excited about this organization that I
convinced my boss to let me take three months off and volunteer in my
community. I'm actually building houses for people who don't have a place to
live. I've never been happier in my life. I'm not sure what the future holds, but I
know things will never be the same for me again.
Track 30
Health at Every Size
The word “diet” can mean a couple of things. What you normally eat every day is
your regular diet. If you eat meat or fish, grains or beans, fruit or vegetables,
then those foods are part of your diet. But “diet” also has another meaning, one
that you may be more familiar with. When people say that they want to “go on a
diet,” they usually mean that they want to lose some weight. They may think
that by eating less, missing a few meals, or eating only certain foods, they’ll lose
weight and become healthier.
Of course, everyone wants to stay healthy, avoid illnesses, and live longer, but
dieting isn’t always the best way to do it! Like height or skin colour, weight and
body type are different from person to person. A person's ideal weight range is
called their “set-point” weight. When you go on a diet and lose weight quickly,
your body thinks the sudden weight loss is a problem or challenge. It will do
whatever it can to get you back to your set-point, or average weight.
Health at Every Size (HAES) is a group that encourages healthy eating and fun
physical activity as two easy ways to avoid feeling unwell and live longer. (HAES)
doesn’t believe weight loss through dieting is the way to become healthy. As
Linda Bacon, a researcher and the author of “Health at Every Size: The Surprising
Truth About Your Weight” says, “Health at Every Size is about taking care of your
body without worrying about whether you're ‘too’ big or small. Saying
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everybody needs to be the same weight is like saying all people should be the
same height."
"What's good for thin kids, fat kids and everyone in between, it turns out, is
moving their bodies, and a healthy mix of foods that taste good and nourish their
bodies. Finding the activities you enjoy might mean sports or workouts, but it
could also be walking, jumping rope with friends, or dancing,” Bacon says. She
recommends trying out a variety of foods to find those that you enjoy most or
make you happy. (Within reason—of course that doesn’t mean you should eat a
lot of junk food!) “This means learning to listen to your body so you can
recognize when you're hungry and when you're full, and what foods satisfy you.
So mix it up and get a range of nutrients in you to keep you alert and in a good
mood. Experiment with food to see which ones make you feel best!"
Track 31
1. Did you get Michael’s phone number?

2. What did you do in Sydney?
3. Where did he live when he was younger?
4. Do you feel tired?
5. What time did she get up this morning?
6. What should we do for dinner?
7. Did you complete the application?
8. Can you turn down your music, please?
Track 32
Pick-up Excerpts from TED Talk recorded for Preintermediate Student Book
Track 32
1.The strongman had given the lion tamer mouth-to-mouth and saved his life.
2. Now the strongman hadn’t told anyone, but he was actually a third-year medical student. He
toured with the circus during summers to pay tuition but kept it a secret to protect his persona.
3. Bonica tracked down all the specialists at his hospital… surgeons, neurologists, psychologists,
others. And he tried to get their opinions on his patients. It took too long, so he started
organizing group meetings over lunch. It would be like a tag team of specialists going up against
the patients’ pain. No one had ever focused on pain this way before.
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4. After that, he hit the books. He read every medical textbook he could get his hands on,
carefully noting every mention of the word “pain.” Out of the 14,000 pages her read, the word
“pain was on 17.5 of them. 17.5… for the most basic, most common, most frustrating part of
being a patient.
5. So over the next eight years, Bonica would talk about it. He’d write about it. He’d write those
missing pages. He wrote what would later be known as the bible of pain. In it, he proposed new
strategies, new treatments using nerve-block injections, he proposed a new institution, the pain
clinic, based on those lunchtime meetings. But the most important thing about his book was
that it was a kind of emotional alarm bell for medicine… a desperate plea to doctors to take
pain seriously in patients’ lives.
6. He pushed his pain agenda for decades before it finally took hold in the mid 70s. Hundreds of
pain clinics spring up all over the world.
Track 33
Saying what you think

I think …
I believe …
In my opinion …
Disagreeing
Really?
Are you kidding?
I’m not sure about that.
I don’t agree.
Sorry, but I don’t think so.
Asking follow-up questions

Why do you say that?
Could you explain that a bit more?
Conceding a point
You’re right that …
Well, that’s true …
Track 34
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Listen to the question. Think about your response and then speak for one to two minutes.
Record yourself.
Question 1
Do you think everyone should get free healthcare?
Question 2
How can young people improve their health?
Question 3
Do you think we will continue to live longer in the future?
Track 35
Question 1
Do you think everyone should get free healthcare?
Most people think that healthcare should be free but medicines and hospitals
cost a lot of money, so I think people need to pay for them. In my opinion, if you
have the money then you should pay for healthcare, and then other people can
have basic treatment, but if the treatment is expensive you need to pay for it.
Question 2
How can young people improve their health?
I believe that we should spend less time playing computer games and watching
YouTube, and do more outdoor activities instead, spending time with friends
doing sports together. The other thing is that we eat too much junk food like
crisps and chocolate, and we should have healthier snacks instead.
Question 3
Do you think we will continue to live longer in the future?
There are always new medical treatments and I think these will continue and
people will live longer. Soon medicine will find cures to big diseases such as
cancer so we can keep living longer. In my opinion there is no limit to how long
someone can live in future.
Unit 4
Track 36
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1 Saruka is hopeful about attending college in Kyoto next year.

2 The test was stressful because I didn’t revise for it.
3 Alex was thankful his teacher allowed extra time to complete the homework.
4 Haru didn’t get a good grade on the maths test because he made careless mistakes.
5 Maria thinks computers are a useful way to learn.
Track 37
1 I think it's my favourite class at the moment. The teacher is really cool and asks us what we
want to do. Right now we're doing a painting of one of our favourite places.
2 It's awesome. We are actually learning how to write code. I mean, that's a skill we can use in
the real world.
3 Ask me the location of any country in the world and I can tell you. I think I love the class so
much because I love maps so much.
4 If you can believe it, we've actually been doing some indoor climbing. We use ropes and stuff
so it's safe.
5 I know most of the vocabulary and grammar; I just have so much trouble with the
pronunciation.
6 I'm learning how to play the trumpet. It drives my parents crazy when I practice at home, but
it's really fun.
Track 38
In the old days you had to go to school to get an education. That is, you
physically had to show up at a building and go into a classroom with a teacher
and other students. I guess there's something to be said for being in the same
space as other people, but it wasn't always convenient for everybody.
Today, due to the internet and most people having a computer, that's not always
necessary. Distance learning or distance education allows people to get an
education without having to be physically present at a school. People can attend
classes online, interact with their instructor, and sometimes even talk to and see
the other students.
Online learning is especially great for people who live in remote areas or have
very busy schedules. Just imagine you live in a small town, and you want to study
business, but you don't have the money to go to a big university in a city. Or you
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already have a full-time job and you can't take regular classes. E-learning, or
electronic learning, might be just the answer for you.
Of course, distance learning isn't for everybody. Some people might prefer the
experience of being in a classroom with others. Some subjects, like learning a
language, also require communicating with people. Others might want to get
away from home to live and study at a university or college. In any case, it's nice
for people to have options. Our modern technology has made education more
available to everyone and, in my opinion, that's a great thing.
Track 39
1 Online learning is a lot easier for me than attending a college.

2 Technology is stressful for me. I prefer to be in a classroom.
3 My online classes are less expensive than attending a university.
4 Learning with others is more interesting than studying alone.
5 I think distance education is clearly the best way to learn.
6 I'm happy that people have lots of options these days.
Track 40
What’s your favourite school subject? Do you love maths? Does English interest
you? Are you not as excited about art as you are about music? Or are you a more
of a science buff? We all have favourite subjects, but what if, instead of learning
about each subject separately, you studied two or more together? That’s exactly
how some students in Finland are learning.
When students learn about topics such as world events, they study several
subjects together. For example, in a course about World War II, the students
study history, geography, and maths. Learning about topics, not just one subject,
helps students see several points of view. In another course, called “Working
in a Café,” students study English language, communication skills, and
economics. In courses like this, students use many skills as they are learning.
Finnish educators believe that students learn better when they work in small
groups to solve problems. Working together is a very useful skill that helps
students develop their ability to communicate. At this point students in Finland
don’t spend their whole school day working in groups. They still attend “regular”
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classes and study some subjects separately. But Finland is serious about making
changes to the school day and to how students learn. The country has already
built several new school buildings that don’t have separate classrooms or
hallways.
Finnish schools are making this change because many educators there believe
that working together to study topics is the best way to learn. They believe that
working alone and studying only one subject at a time is the best way to learn.
They feel that students who work together with teachers and other students to
choose and study topics they care about are better learners. They also feel that
students who learn in this way are better prepared for jobs, once they’ve
completed their education.
Track 41
1 Victor hopes the essay he wrote is long enough. It’s 200 words.
2 Grammar is as easy as vocabulary for me.
3 Studying for your exams is as important as doing your homework.
4 I thought our homework was too long.
5 The classroom wasn’t big enough for fourteen students.
6 My classmate decided the study group wasn’t important enough for her to attend.
7 Watching films in English is so fun!
8 I watched such an interesting film last weekend.
Track 42
TED Talk excerpts
Narrator: Track 42
1. I think we have found the most important factor for success. And it was found close to
here, Stanford. Psychology professor took kids that were four years old and put them in
a room all by themselves. And he would tell the child, a four-year-old kid, "Johnny, I am
going to leave you here with a marshmallow for 15 minutes. If, after I come back, this
marshmallow is here, you will get another one. So you will have two." To tell a four-
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year-old kid to wait 15 minutes for something that they like, is equivalent to telling us,
"We'll bring you coffee in two hours." (Laughter) Exact equivalent.
So what happened when the professor left the room? As soon as the door closed... two
out of three ate the marshmallow. Five seconds, 10 seconds, 40 seconds, 50 seconds,
two minutes, four minutes, eight minutes. Some lasted 14-and-a-half minutes.
(Laughter) Couldn't do it. Could not wait.
2. What's interesting is that one out of three would look at the marshmallow and go like
this ... Would look at it. Put it back. They would walk around. They would play with their
skirts and pants.
3. 15 years later, 14, 15 years later, follow-up study. What did they find? They went to look
for these kids who were now 18 and 19. And they found that 100 percent of the children
that had not eaten the marshmallow were successful. They had good grades. They were
doing wonderful. They were happy. They had their plans. They had good relationships
with the teachers, students. They were doing fine.
A great percentage of the kids that ate the marshmallow, they were in trouble. They did
not make it to university. They had bad grades. Some of them dropped out. A few were
still there with bad grades. A few had good grades.
4. I had a question in my mind: Would Hispanic kids react the same way as the American
kids? So I went to Colombia. And I reproduced the experiment. And it was very funny. I
used four, five, and six years old kids. And let me show you what happened.
So what happened in Colombia? Hispanic kids, two out of three ate the marshmallow;
one out of three did not.
5. I end with — the Koreans did this. You know what? This is so good that we want a
marshmallow book for children. We did one for children. And now it is all over Korea.
They are teaching these kids exactly this principle. And we need to learn that principle
here in the States, because we have a big debt. We are eating more marshmallows than
we are producing. Thank you so much.
Track 43
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1 What did they find? They went to look for these kids who were now 18 and 19. And they
found that 100 percent of the children that had not eaten the marshmallow were successful.
2 A great percentage of the kids that ate the marshmallow, they were in trouble.
3 They did not make it to university. They had bad grades. Some of them dropped out.
4 This little girl was interesting; she ate the inside of the marshmallow. (Laughter) In other
words, she wanted us to think that she had not eaten it, so she would get two. But she ate it.
5 She should not go into banking, for example, or work at a cash register. But she will be
successful.
6 We are eating more marshmallows than we are producing. Thank you so much.
Track 44
Male 1: Hey, I’m looking for an app to practise my English with, do you know any?
Male 2: Ah, that’s a good idea. I’ve never thought of that. Which ones look the most
useful?
Male 1: Well, there’s this one here, which has flash cards and some grammar exercises,
and it’s free.
Male 2: Is it too boring maybe?
Male 1: I don’t know, it’s for school anyway, but do you think it’s useful enough?
Male 2: Well, you get what you pay for. What about that one, with the star logo?
Male 1: That looks more interesting. There are things to read and listen to.
Male 2: And there are some collocation activities for vocabulary too.
Male 1: Excellent! Teachers always tell us to practise them. We’ll be awesome.
Male 2: Yeah, that first one isn’t as useful as this.
Male 1: Are there any more?
Male 2: I had a look and there’s this one. It looks more exciting, with lots of games to
play with words and grammar.
Male 1: Let’s see. Oh, yeah, but isn’t it expensive?
Male 2: Well, it is a little. Do you think it’s useful enough to pay for?
Male 1: I’m not sure. I guess you have to pay to find out.
Male 2: Yeah. I think the star one is the best choice.
Track 45
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Male: Definitely seeing all my friends every day is the most exciting thing about school.
The lessons aren’t as interesting as at primary school, and they’re too boring. I’m
too young to think about work yet, I think the most useful thing about school is
that you learn to make friends with lots of different people.
Female: This school is a great place to learn. I think coming here, the most useful thing is
the great teachers that we have. They teach us the most useful things for life,
not just for study and work, but about society and how we are going to live in
the real world. The sports team is the most interesting part of the school for me,
because I am responsible for the team. It’s more difficult than just playing, but
it’s also more exciting when we win too.
Male: I’m really interested in history and literature, and these subjects are the most
exciting for me; they’re really fun and the teachers give the most interesting
lessons. Some people think that the school day is too long but we don’t work
that long, only from 8am until 3pm, which isn’t too long in my opinion. Although
maths isn’t as interesting for me as other subjects, it’s important for the future,
and once you get to university, you have to take a year of maths, so it’s definitely
useful. I really like this school, the students and the teachers are the best,
coming here was the best choice for me.
Track 46
Imagine that students at your school are going to spend two weeks doing
internships in local organizations. Make notes about the different places to do
internships, and which would be most useful. Then listen and compare your
notes to the model answer of two people discussing the task. The images are
some suggestions to help you.
Track 47
Male: There are lots of different places to get experience here. I think the hotel is a
good place to do work experience, because there are so many different jobs to
do in a hotel. You could get a lot of experience in that one place.
Female: That’s true. The hotel has lots of different jobs, and you’ll meet all sorts of
different people, but I think the theatre is more exciting. There are lots of show
business jobs to do, on the stage with lighting, sound, costumes, and in the
theatre bar and offices. And you might get to meet a star or two!
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Male: Well, you’re probably right; the theatre looks the most exciting. But in my
opinion, it isn’t as interesting as working at a bank.
Female: Why do you say that?
Male: Well, there’s so much money moving around the world and you have to make
sure it’s all carefully looked after and everything – making sure that no one steals
it or loses any.
Female: Just counting money all day. I don’t know, is it too boring?
Male: I don’t think so, I would say that about the shopping centre. If I spend more than
an hour in there it’s too long. I don’t think that’s the best idea for two weeks’
work experience.
Female: What about the library? I think that would be the most fun. You’re surrounded
by stories, and learning about them and discovering new authors at the same
time as looking after the books. You can probably read books when there’s no
one around too.
Male: Well, do you think it’s useful enough? I mean, books are just one small part of
work.
Female: OK, which ones look the most useful then? How about the theatre and the
hotel? I think they’re the most interesting.
Male: I think I agree. And of the two, I believe the theatre is the best choice, because of
all the glamour and technical skill the jobs need.
Female: OK, let’s choose the theatre then.
Unit 5
Track 48
1 In some places, like the United Kingdom, good friends hug when they see each other.
2 In Latin American countries, friends kiss on the cheek when they meet.
3 In many places, when strangers meet for the first time, they shake hands.
4 In some Asian countries, like Japan, it’s polite to bow when you meet someone.
5 Waving at someone can mean you’re saying hello or goodbye.
6 In some Asian countries like Korea, it’s not good to look people in the eyes, unless it’s your
best friend or a brother, sister or cousin who is the same age or younger than you.
Track 49
Male: So, tell me about your family, Rachel. Do you have brothers and sisters?
Female: Yes, well… I have a blended family.
Male: A blended family… what’s that?
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Female: It’s when divorced people with kids get married to new people and so their
families mix together.
Male: Oh.
Female: So… my mum and dad got divorced 10 years ago. I was 7 and my brother Dan
was 15. A few years ago, my mum married a new guy named Steve. Steve had
two kids from his first marriage—a son, Max, and a daughter, April. Then, just
last year, my stepdad and my mum had a new baby, Olivia.
Male: OK. Wow. So you have a full brother, a stepbrother, a stepsister and a
half-sister.
Female: Right. But that’s not all. My brother got married last year, and he and his wife
Amanda have a baby boy named Jared.
Male: Oh… so your half-sister and your nephew are the same age.
Female: Yeah, it’s crazy, right? Olivia is Jared’s aunt! And they’re both babies.
Track 50
1 I've already selected my outfit for the party.

2 I learned how to dance from my father.
3 Have you tasted the cake yet?
4 My uncle photographed the football team.
5 I tried to invite her, but she said no.
6 Everyone at the celebration looked great!
7 We haven't celebrated yet.
8 My aunt was ill so she stayed at home.
Track 51
1.
Male: I'd like to invite you to the party, but it's only for family.
Female: That's ok, I totally understand.
2.
Female: Are you busy on Saturday night? We're having a celebration.
Male: I'd love to come, but I've already made other plans.
3.
Male: We're having a birthday dinner on the 15th for friends and family. Can you make
it?
Female: I need to check my diary.
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4.
Female: Has John invited you to his party yet?
Male: He has, but I told him that I had something else on. I'm not particularly friendly
with John.
5.
Male: Are you around on Sunday afternoon?
Female: Why?
Male: We're having a picnic in the park. Would you like to come?
Female: Sure. That sounds great.
6.
Female: Everyone's going to the celebration. Would you like to come?
Male: When is it? I'm really busy at the moment.
Female: Friday night.
Male: Um, yeah, I think I can make it.
Track 52
I recently graduated from Manchester University. We had a fantastic celebration

with family and friends. And, to be honest, it was both sad and happy for me.
Sad because I'm leaving a lot of people that I have known for years. Happy
because a whole new period in my life is beginning and I feel really excited about
what the future holds.
Fantastically, I've been offered two different jobs. I haven't decided which one to
take yet, but they're both good. I feel really lucky. And my parents are really
supportive. They want me to follow my dreams. My mother told me that she'll
be proud of me no matter what I decide to do.
It's impossible to predict the future, but I feel really good about things. I'm
healthy, I have a wonderful family and I feel like almost anything is possible. I'd
better stop talking before I get too emotional.
Track 53
Look at photo number 1.
a These men are teammates.

b These men are teachers.
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c These men are students.

d These men are unhappy.

a The graduates are hugging.
b The graduates are best friends.
c The graduates are shaking hands.
d The graduates are waving.

a She is my aunt.
b She is my best friend.
c She is my student.
d She is my teammate.

a The woman is bowing to greet someone.
b The woman is bowing to kiss someone.
c The woman is shaking hands to greet someone.
d The woman is saying hello hello to a stranger.
Track 54
Going Walkabout
Imagine waking up in the morning alone, hundreds of miles away from anyone
you know, with no supplies, in the middle of a desert. This is what one day of
“going walkabout” is like for a youngYolngu, or Australian aboriginal, boy. The
Yolngu have lived in Australia for approximately 60,000 years. In fact, they and
other aboriginal people lived on the continent of Australia for tens of thousands
of years without seeing people from any other places. The land was theirs. As a
result, they respect tradition and have a strong connection to the land.
One of their oldest traditions is called “going walkabout” in English. The Yolngu
and other aboriginal clans, or family groups, believe that invisible trails, called
songlines, cover the land. According to their beliefs, songlines are secret
pathways that follow the journeys made by ancestral spirits as they created the
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earth. These ancestors sang names for everything that crossed their paths, and,
in the process, created and named everything in the world. Aboriginal people
consider songlines to be the footprints of their ancestors.
Going walkabout is a coming of age event for 12–13-year-old aboriginal boys.

When young males “go walkabout,” they follow the songlines of their ancestors.
They sing traditional songs in order to navigate, or find their way, as they walk.
And they often walk very far. Some boys travel up to 1,000 miles, without any
supplies, in the six months of a typical walkabout! They need to develop
important skills in order to make the journey. The goal of going walkabout is to
be able to survive alone in the wild just as their ancestors did.
Before they go walkabout, boys learn about songlines from the older people in
the clan. Some walk parts of their ancestral songlines with their father,
grandfather, or another male relative or friend. They learn to use songlines as a
kind of map. They use the songs to identify parts of the landscape, such as caves
or hills, and to connect to the stories that their ancestors have told for thousands
of years.
When the boys return from going walkabout, they celebrate with their families
and friends. They have made the passage from childhood into the adult world.
They have already proved that they can take care of themselves during the six
months of going walkabout, and that they’re ready for new responsibilities.
Track 55
1 Hi. I'm going to talk to you today about laughter, and uh I just want to start by thinking about
the first time I can ever remember noticing laughter. This is when I was a little girl. I would've
been about six.
2 And I came across my parents doing something unusual, where they were laughing.
3 They were laughing very, very hard. They were lying on the floor laughing. They were
screaming with laughter. I did not know what they were laughing at, but I wanted in. I wanted
to be part of that, and I kind of sat around at the edge going, "Hoo hoo!"
4 What they were laughing at was a song that people used to sing.
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5 What they were laughing at was a song that people used to sing which was based around
signs on toilets on trains telling you what you could and could not do on toilets on trains.
6 And the thing you have to remember about the English is of course we do have an immensely
sophisticated sense of humor.
Track 56
Female: Hey Marta, are you busy next Saturday?
Female: I’m not sure. Why?

Female: Well, I’m having a party at my house. Can you come?
Female: Oh, sure, I’d love to. What time should I come over?
Female: Any time after 8.
2
Female: Are you around on Sunday?
Male: It depends. I usually spend time with my family in the afternoon.
Female: Well, a few of us are going cycling. Want to come?
Male: Um. I’ll have to ask my parents. Can I let you know later?
Female: Yeah, just text me OK.
3
Male: Jane, have fun playing at the concert tonight!
Female: Thanks! Would you like to come and hear the band?
Male: I can’t make it, but thank you for inviting me.
Female: No problem.
4
Male: Hey, listen. Are you doing anything on Tuesday night?
Male: I don’t think so. Why?
Male: There’s this new skate meet at the youth club.
Male: Oh, yeah? That sounds great.
Male: It starts at 7.
Male: Cool! I’ll be there!
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Male: Hey Lucy! I just wondered, you haven’t replied to my invitation to see the play my
brother’s starring in.
Female: Oh, yeah, I need to check my schedule. One sec.
Male: Sure.
Female: Yeah, I thought so. Thanks for inviting me, but I’m afraid I’m busy.
Male: Oh, that’s a shame.
Track 57
A great invitation I’ve received recently was from my best friend, Jonas. We’ve been friends
since we started school, so we know each other really well, and the invitation was to a party for
his sixteenth birthday. It sound’s great, he’s having the party at an amazing live music venue
where loads of cool bands play. Lots of famous groups started out performing there, so it’s
going to be a great night! When he asked if I was around, at first I joked with him and said I was
already busy. He looked a bit disappointed but I started smiling and he knew I was just messing
with him. So I said that of course I’d love to go. Sixteen is a really important birthday, and I
hope Jonas and me will always be best friends, so of course I want to celebrate with him,
whatever the party is. But you know, this is going to be one awesome party, so I’m really
looking forward to it. All of our friends are coming and two of them are in bands, so they’re
going to play, as well as some other local groups, and there’s a DJ, so it’s going to be a late
night, but I’m sure we’ll have lots of fun!
Unit 6
Track 58
1. Teachers accept that students will make mistakes as they learn English
2. But some students do not accept their own imperfect English.
3. They think making mistakes means failure.
4. They don’t want to speak until their English is perfect.
5. These students need to reject the fear of failure and start talking.
6. Successful students work hard and try to learn from their mistakes.
7. The best way to improve imperfections is to practise.
Track 59
1. Students have to show a student ID to enter the library.

2. Lucas doesn’t want to work today but he has to.
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3. No, you don’t have to complete the essay today.

4. I don’t have to get up early but I do.
5. Turn off your phone now. Everyone has to.
Track 60
Female: What are your plans for Saturday, Jorge?

Male: Well, I have to go to the art museum.
Female: Really? I didn’t know you liked art museums.
Male:I don’t. It’s for a project. Everyone in my class has to go to the museum, choose a painting
or sculpture, and write a paragraph about it.
Track 61
Attention shoppers! The store will be closing early today because of bad
weather. Heavy snow is making the roads dangerous. And we want everyone to
get home safely. The store will close at 3 pm, and stay closed tomorrow. Please
check our website for Thursday’s opening times. Thank you.
Track 62
Female: Good morning, thank you for calling Ideal Fruit.

Male: Hello. I’m calling to order a gift for a friend.
Female: OK. Do you know what you want to order?
Male: Yes. I saw it on your website. It’s the Macedonia Fruit Assortment.
Female: That item includes two kinds of melon, kiwi fruit, apple, pineapple, peach and
pear. Each piece of fruit is carefully chosen for its perfect shape. There are three
choices for the container to hold the fruit. The first is in a hand-painted bowl, the
second is a traditional basket, which is made by hand, and finally a wooden box.
Male: What are the prices for each?
Female: There is no difference.
Male: I see. I think the bowl sounds nice.
Female: Good choice. Now the bowl may have imperfections because it is hand made and
hand painted. That’s what makes the product unique. The perfect fruit is inside a
one-of-a-kind bowl.
Male: And how much is it? Including shipping to Chicago?
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Female: That’s $265, with insurance. That means if the item arrives with damage—any
imperfections to the fruit or bowl—you don’t have to accept the delivery. We
will send another.
Male: And you guarantee that the fruit is perfect?
Female: Yes, Ideal Fruit is always perfect.
Track 63
1
Male: Why are you choosing from the imperfect vegetables?
Female: Because they’re less expensive and they taste the same.
Male: But that onion looks strange.
Female: It’s OK. I’m going to cut it up and make soup!
2
Male: Ms Spencer, if I fail the test, can I take it again?
Female: No, Steven. When students fail a test in my class they can’t take it again.
Male: I’m not a perfect student, but I try hard.
Female: I know that, Steven. When students work hard, I can tell.
3
British Male: What are you doing this weekend?
British Female: I’m going with my family to visit our cousins.
British Male: Do you like visiting them?
British Female 2: Yes, but our last visit wasn’t exactly a success. My sister was ill so we came
home early.
4
Male: Hey, how was your presentation?
Female: It was perfect!
Male: Good! You were nervous about it.
Female: I know! I’m so glad it was a success!
Track 64
Less Than Perfect

Museums are famous for their great works of art. Perfect sculptures, paintings,
and treasures from ancient times are what people expect to see. Usually. But
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one museum has an unusual exhibit of items that are imperfect. It’s called “Less
Than Perfect.”
Some of the imperfect items are coins that are not circular, bottles that bend to
one side, and ceramic pots that are thin on one side and thick on the other.
These items are failures. Some objects in the exhibit are more than 2,000 years
old, but others are more recent mistakes. They were found all over the world,
and now are at the Kelsey Museum of Archaeology at the University of Michigan
in the US.
There are two important parts to the exhibit. The first is “Failed Perfection.” It
includes imperfect bowls, glass, small statues, coins, and other objects. In the
process of making these items, something went wrong, and the result was
imperfections in the product. The artists had to reject some things because they
were unsuccessful and unusable. For example, a bowl with a crack in it, or a
bottle that formed without a bottom. But other imperfect items, such as small
statues and coins with the image not in the centre, were acceptable and people
used them.
The second part is called “Deliberate Imperfection.” With these items, the artists
made them imperfect on purpose. This was often for cultural reasons. For
example, some Japanese pottery/ceramics from five hundred years ago has flaws
on purpose because of the idea that there is beauty in imperfection.
The museum shows these imperfect objects to make people think about what
perfect meant to other cultures in different times. And to think about what
people learned from these failures.
Track 65
1. When you try hard, you succeed.

2. If you learn to drive, you can use my car.
3. If you listen carefully, you can learn a lot.
4. If you don’t work hard, you can’t pass the test.
5. When people exercise, their health improves.
6. When I buy fruit at the farmer’s market, it tastes better.
7. When I watch films in English, I learn new vocabulary.
8. When he doesn’t get enough sleep, he can be very rude.
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Track 66
1. If you want to relax, you should watch a good film.

2. When you’re in the cinema, you can forget other things and enjoy the film.
3. If you like films, go to the film festival.
4. When you’re at a film festival, you should see several films.
5. If you watch a film in English, you can learn new vocabulary.
6. When you see a film you like, you should tell your friends to see it.
7. When you see a film you don’t like, you should tell your friends not to see it.
Track 67
1. For years, I had existed safely behind the scenes in politics as a fundraiser, as an organizer,
but in my heart, I always wanted to run.
2. She had never lost a race, and no one had really even run against her in a Democratic
primary. But in my mind, this was my way to make a difference, to disrupt the status quo.
3. The polls, however, told a very different story.
4. She tried. She came close. She didn’t get it exactly right.
5. It turns out our girls are really good at coding. But it’s not enough to teach them to code.
6. We have to show them that they will be loved and accepted not for being perfect but for
being courageous.
Track 68
1
Female: How can I get better at this video game?
Male: Why don’t you watch some online tutorials.
2
Male: I’m really worried about cooking dinner for everyone this weekend.
Female: If you aren’t confident in the kitchen, try asking someone for help.
3
Male: I always know exactly where I’m going.
Female: I’m not sure, but I think this is the wrong way. You might need to go back to the main
road.
4
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Female: This is useless. I can’t do it!

Male: If you’re not sure about the answer, you might want to try checking it with someone.
5
Male: Oh, no! I’m going to look so stupid. Everyone else is so much better than me!
Female: You look a bit nervous. I think about my breathing when I’m nervous, and that may
work for you.
6
Female: I’ve just failed my driving test. What am I going to do?
Male: When you don’t succeed at something, you should try to do it again.
Track 69
Male: There’s nothing to do!

Female: If you’re bored, you could help me clean the house.
Track 70
1
Female : Excuse me, if you’re looking for a good place to have lunch, you might want to
try “The pink orchid”. It’s got great food and beautiful views of the mountains,
but it’s not expensive.
2
Male: When your sister starts shouting, you should ask her to calm down and find out
what the problem is. And if she says something unkind, try talking to your
parents about it later, when she’s not around, and ask them for some help.
3
Male: If you’re into dance music, try listening to AIR pop. It’s got some retro sounds
and interesting beats.
4
Female: I’m not sure but I think the museum’s closed on Mondays. You might need to do
something else tomorrow, and go there another day.
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5
Male: When you arrive, try to practise your English as much as possible. If you need anything,
just ask my mother. She can help you.
Unit 7
Track 71
1
Female: How’s the healthy eating going?
Male: Pretty good. This morning I had eggs, bread and orange juice for breakfast. I
didn’t use any butter!
2
Female: That sounds good. I had some bananas and milk for breakfast.
3
Male: For lunch I’m having a cheese sandwich and some soup.
4
Female: What are you going to have for dinner?
Male: Probably some pizza and salad.
5
Female: For dinner I usually have fish and rice.
6
Female: After dinner I want a piece of cake.
Male: Cake? No! That has too much sugar!
Track 72
1
Female: I don’t like very sweet desserts, so here I have some mangoes, strawberries,
oranges and apples, and I’m cutting them and mixing them together with a little
lemon juice. It’s going to be perfect after dinner.
2
Male: I’m going to stop at this shop and get a takeaway coffee. Do you want anything?
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3
Female: Oh, man! There’s too much chilli powder in this chicken curry you made. I’m
sorry, but I can’t finish it! Can I just have some more plain rice?
4
Female: OK, I’ve made 25 small chicken sandwiches. I’m going to make some cheese and
tomato sandwiches, too. I know some of our friends don’t eat meat.
5
Male: Hmm, they have banana cake, lemon tart or chocolate ice cream. They all sound
good. I’m not sure what to get!
6
Female : Oh, excuse me… do you work here? I’m looking for crisps. I’ve looked around the
whole store and I can’t find them anywhere.
Track 73
Male: 1. Are you going to waste that food?

Female: 2. I think this dish needs more rice.
Male: 3. Peas are very important on the farm.
Female: 4. Can you please pass me that meat?
Male: 5. A great way to relax is to bake.
Female: 6. I don't like the smell of this beef.
Male: 7. He made the chicken and vegetables in a hurry.
Female: 8. I got the recipe from a cook.
Track 74
Female: I'm really excited about the potluck dinner next week. Everybody has to bring a
different dish.
Male: Yeah, it's always a lot of fun 'cause you never know what to expect.
Female: Do you know what you're bringing?
Male: I do. I'm making a very spicy chicken curry with LOTS of hot peppers. I'll warn
people before they try it.
Female: Or maybe don't warn them. That could be very funny.
Male: How 'bout you? Have you decided?
Female: Well, it depends. I'm trying to get some organic honey from a local beekeeper. If
I get it, I'll make a honey cheesecake.
Male: Yum, that sounds really delicious.
Female: It is. If I don't get it, I'm not sure what I'll make.
Male: Can't you just buy some regular honey?
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Female: It's really not the same. I'm definitely going to make a dessert though.
Male: Do you know what anybody else is bringing?
Female: I don't. I have no idea. Like you said, that's what makes these things so much fun.
Male: Well, good luck with the beekeeper. Now that you've mentioned it, all I can think
about is that honey cheesecake!
Female: I'll do my best!
Track 75
All through secondary school I wasn’t sure about going to university. It costs a lot
of money and, if you're not sure about it, you might be really disappointed. I
think a lot of people go to university just because it's what you're supposed to
do. Anyway, I finally decided what it is that I want to do.
For the past three summers I've worked in a local restaurant during the holidays.
I started off washing dishes, but last summer I actually did some food
preparation. I loved it. You get to be creative and it's so great when people like
the food that you make. I'm working there again this summer and I hope to have
even more responsibilities.
So here's my plan. I'm applying to catering college. If I get accepted, I'll start in
the autumn. The course lasts eighteen months and then I'd be able to work as a
chef in a restaurant. Even if I don't get accepted, I'm definitely going to make
cooking my career. The owner of the restaurant where I work in the summer has
already told me that I could work there full-time. But I’d really like to get a
certificate so I feel like a professional.
So that's my story. I feel very lucky because I know what it is that I want to do. A
lot of my friends are still not sure. I guess that would be my advice to anyone.
Ask yourself what it is that you love to do and then try to make a career out of it.
Life is too short to waste time doing something you don't enjoy.
Track 76
Urban Farms: The Future of Food?
Do you know where your food comes from? Does it matter to you? If you live in
a city, you probably get most, if not all, of your food from shops. Of course you
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know that shops don’t produce the food they sell. Farms do. But did you know
that farming as a way of life is slowly disappearing? The United Nations
estimates that by 2050, 6.5 billion people will live in cities. (That’s about twice as
many as today.) If fewer and fewer people become farmers, where is our food
going to come from?
Caleb Harper, a National Geographic Explorer, has an idea. Caleb thinks that
people should grow food near the places they live, and not just on traditional
farms. He’s part of a new movement that hopes to see “urban farms” and
“vertical farms” in cities in the not-too-distant future. Caleb’s organization is the
CityFARM research group. CityFARM brings together engineers, architects, urban
planners, economists, and plant scientists to study alternatives to traditional
farms.
One of the tools Caleb is interested in developing is what he calls a “personal

food computer.” A food computer is a small box with plants inside it. The food
computer has sensors that measure conditions such as carbon dioxide levels,
humidity, and the amount of light. There’s no soil. The plants get nutrients*
through a mist, a fine spray of water, that has minerals added in.
This type of farming, in which plant roots are fed by mist and not grown in soil, is
called aeroponics. Now picture a type of aeroponic food computer that’s as big
as a warehouse. In here, plants grow without soil or sunlight. All of the plants are
fed aeroponically (by mist) and the climate is controlled. There’s no risk of
storms, cold weather, or droughts. Insects can’t harm the plants. The system
works 365 days a year, day and night. That’s more or less what a vertical farm is
like.
Because vertical farms can be built in cities, inside of old warehouses or

factories, or even on top of schools, they can provide food exactly where it’s
needed. Whether it’s a personal food computer designed to grow your favourite
vegetables in your home, or a vertical farm in an urban apartment building,
aeroponic farming will probably be one of the ways you get at least some of your
food in the future.
Track 77
1 When you go walking in Arizona, you’ll need to wear sunscreen.
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2 You could lose your work if you don’t save your files every ten minutes.
3 If you water your plants every week, they’ll be healthy and beautiful.
4 I may get my driving licence in the autumn if I take driving lessons this summer.
5 You could wear your blue suit when you go to your cousin’s birthday.
6 If I leave my hat by the pool, my sister will get it for me.
7 It could be difficult to do well in your exam if you play video games all afternoon.
Track 78
1 If you go walking in the desert, you might see some interesting wildlife.
2 I might have to go to summer school if I fail the exam.
3 I may go rock climbing if I visit Chamonix.
4 If you stay out on the beach too long, you could get sunburnt.
5 If we don’t pay the rent, our landlord may be upset.
6 I may eat tacos if I go to that new Mexican restaurant.
7 If we leave before breakfast, we might arrive on time.
Track 79
1 The fact is, we have an enormous buffer in rich countries between ourselves and hunger.
We've never had such gargantuan surpluses before.
2 And yesterday, I went to one of the local supermarkets that I often visit to inspect, if you like,
what they're throwing away.
3 So I want you to imagine that these nine biscuits that I found in the bin represent the global
food supply, okay? We start out with nine.
4 Supermarkets are an easy place to start. This is the result of my hobby, which is unofficial bin
inspections.
5 Go one step up, and you get to farmers, who throw away sometimes a third or even more of
their harvest because of cosmetic standards.
Track 80
Female 1: What are we going to do to celebrate the end of term?

Male: Why don’t we go bowling?
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Female 2: Maybe, but not everyone likes it.

Female 1: How about a Hollywood party?
Male: What’s that?
Female 1: It’s a kind of film party where everyone dresses up as celebrities or movie
characters.
Female 2: That’s a great idea. And a few of us are DJs so we can put some music together.
Male: We’ll have plenty of music.
Female 1: And I think we should have popcorn … and nachos to eat.
Female 2: Do you put meat on your nachos?
Female 1: I make nachos with tortilla chips, guacamole, chilli con carne, sour cream and
cheese. So it’s a little salty, a little sweet, and kind of sour with the cream too.
It’s delicious!
Male: Yeah, it’s a really popular party food.
Female 1: And it’s really good for lots of people because you use the tortilla chips like a
spoon, so you don’t need knives and forks.
Female 2: That sounds great.
Male: We could cook the chilli at my house.
Female 1: And we’ll need lots of tortilla chips so why don’t we ask people to bring them?
Male: Great idea.
Female 2: This party’s going to be awesome!
Track 81
Model Answer
Male: Well, he could join a sports team, he’ll have plenty of friends soon if he’s good at
sport.
Female: Yes, it’s really popular in secondary school, but what if he’s not good at sport?
Male: Yes, not everyone’s good at sport, but it can be fun just to join in.
Female: Well, that’s true, but what if he doesn’t like sport? How about going to the
library? Why doesn’t he ask people to make a study group?
Male: I’m not sure about that, it’s a bit strange. People might think he’s kind of boring.
Female: Really? I’m not so sure about that. OK, what about joining drama club?
Male: Yeah, it’s really good for people who like being creative.
Female: And you don’t have to act, you can do the music or design the clothes or the
stage.
Male: Yes, and it’s a kind of group, like a band or a glee club, where everyone has a
good time together.
Female: Yeah, any of those would be a great way to make more friends.
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Male: Yes, so I think maybe he should try joining a sports team or a band because
they’re very popular.
Female: Yeah, I think that’s the best idea too.
Unit 8
Track 82
1. fishnet
2. plastic bags
3. skateboard
4. recycling programme
5. surfboard
6. fishing boat
7. self-esteem
8. electric car
Track 83
Female: Have you seen the TED Talk that features Melati and Isabel Wijsen?
Male: No, not yet. Who are they?
Female: Well, they're two young women from Bali who started a campaign to ban all
plastic bags on their island.
Male: Really? Is that a problem there? I always think of Bali as a tropical paradise.
Female: It's a huge problem. Almost none of the plastic bags people use get recycled. And
it's having a terrible impact on the environment, especially the ocean.
Male: You never think when you go shopping about the big impact all these small
choices have on a beautiful island like Bali.
Female: Yeah, an island which depends on tourism for much of its economy.
Male: You know, I think it's really great when people see a problem and actually try to
do something about it.
Female: I agree. People that take action can be very inspiring.
Male: It makes me feel like I should be doing more in my own community.
Female: I know what you mean. Listening to these two young women really got me
thinking
Male: Listen, let's do some research and see what some of the biggest issues are, you
know, challenges which are affecting our community.
Female: That's a great idea. And then get involved and actually do something.
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Male: My self-esteem has improved already! (both laugh) But seriously, I want to be
somebody who makes a real difference.
Female: I hear you. Let's get to work.
Track 84
Have you ever heard of Trash Island? That's what some people call the Great
Pacific Garbage Patch. This island, or patch, is a massive collection of rubbish
brought together by the ocean currents. Current describes the constant
movement of the ocean. The rubbish travels primarily from North America and
Asia. Scientists estimate that it is larger than the state of Texas in the United
States.
Most of the rubbish in the patch is plastic – bags, bottles, sandals, you name it.
But the majority of the rubbish is old fishing nets that have been thrown away by
fishermen. The problem with all this plastic is that it doesn't biodegrade.
Biodegrade means to break down naturally without damage to the environment.
Plastic just breaks down into smaller pieces. And it's important to remember that
plastic is manufactured with many chemicals that are harmful to the
environment. All this plastic is a danger for sea life and the quality of the sea
water.
Several international organizations are working to stop the garbage patch from
getting any bigger, but no country has made serious plans to deal with the
problem—probably because the problem is far away from any country's
coastline. And, unfortunately, there isn't a lot of information and news about the
patch so many people aren't even aware that the problem exists.
So what can we do? Most importantly, try to avoid using disposable plastic. Use
biodegradable or reusable materials. Many companies are already making the
change away from plastics. And some countries no longer allow the use of plastic
bags. If you have to use plastic, make sure that you recycle.
Track 85
Do You Buy It?
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Do you like to go shopping? Do you shop only for things you need, or do you
sometimes shop for things you want but can’t afford? Have you ever felt like
buying something because you wanted to fit in? If you answered “yes” to any of
these questions, then you’re just like a lot of other young people! Young people
between the ages of 13 and 19 are one of the biggest demographics out there
for marketers and advertisers. That’s because many teenagers are still figuring
out what they want to be or to have, so they’re willing to experiment with the
things they buy.
How do advertisers try to convince you to buy what they’re selling? Advertisers
and marketers want to get your attention, and convince you that you need a
product, so that you’ll buy it. Brands that try to appeal to teenagers often use
the insecurities many teenagers feel. They know that teenagers generally want
to fit in, and that they want others to think they are attractive. And because they
know that teenagers are very aware of the importance of peer groups,
advertisers sometimes try to get them to trust their advice on what to have or
how to look.
What can you do to protect yourself from marketing and advertisements like
this? Think about what advertisements are trying to tell you and how they are
doing it. If you could buy what they’re selling, would it really make you happy? Is
the product itself really appealing, or does its appeal come from the models and
scenery used to present it? Another thing to look out for is called “product
placement.” Advertisers and marketers try to show off their products in video
games, films, on television shows, or with websites that are popular with teens.
They want young consumers to think, “Oh, those are the shoes that I saw on TV
last night!” Think about it the next time you are watching television and a
character holds a carton of orange juice or a can of fizzy drink. Can you see the
brand name? That is an example of product placement.
Remember, you don’t have to let advertisers tell you who you are! Who you are
isn’t determined by what you buy or own.
Track 86
1 Also, at the International Airport of Bali, one of our supporters are planning to start a plastic
bag-free policy by 2016.
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2 Stop handing out free plastic bags and bring in your own reusable bag is our next message to
change that mindset of the public.
3 Our short-term campaign, "One Island / One Voice," is all about this. We check and recognize
the shops and restaurants that have declared themselves a plastic bag-free zone, and we put
this sticker at their entrance and publish their names on social media and some important
magazines on Bali. And conversely, that highlights those who do not have the sticker.
Track 87
1. Science has proven that smoking causes cancer.

2. My heart tells me that we should take care of animals.
3. If we recycled more of the plastic we use, then less rubbish would go into the sea.
4. Leaving our children a healthy planet is the right thing to do.
5. How would you feel if there was advertising everywhere you went?
6. It’s wrong to let people suffer from curable diseases.
7. Think of the animals that live in the sea. They get trapped in the rubbish and die.
8. Research shows that the Earth is getting warmer.
Track 88
Question 1 Model Answer
Research shows that global temperatures have risen in a way that only human
action could cause, and the sea temperature has become so high that coral is
dying everywhere. Taking responsibility for climate change is the right thing to
do.
If you stop immigration, then lots of businesses don’t have the workers with the
skills they need, which means businesses make less money and more people
become unemployed. My heart tells me that society must be open and
welcoming to immigrants.
Track 89
Activity 4 Model Answer
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There are lots of seagulls in the city and they make a lot of noise and a lot of
mess. They also attack people to steal food from them. My heart tells me that
it’s wrong to kill them, but if we had fewer seagulls, there would be less mess.
But research shows that managing the rubbish situation better will lower the
seagull population and keep the city cleaner, so I think that’s the right thing to
do.
Track 90
At one time, it was believed that independent shops could not survive because
of large retail chains. While it remains true that independents face challenges,
many have found creative ways of attracting new business.
The key point is to reach customers in ways that huge retail chains cannot. For
example, as often as they want, independent shops can change their layout and
keep the shop floor looking fresh and interesting, which provides a more
enjoyable experience for shoppers. Chains, on the other hand, have to follow
company rules on these things.
They can offer much more personalized customer service than their larger
competitors. Independent shop owners can speak directly to their customers,
find out what type of items they really want and immediately order those items.
Products in independent shops may cost more than those in chains, but they
have the added benefit of being different or even unique. This appeals to many
people who prefer to pay a little more for something special.
In addition, independent shops are usually owned by local people, so they take a
greater interest in community matters. Building meaningful relationships with
locals has led to increased support for small independent shops.
Unit 9
Track 91
1
Female: What I do is very difficult! But I love it. Working with teenagers is interesting and
rewarding, and I think education is really the most important thing we can give
young people.
2
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Male: My job can be dangerous, but I can definitely say that it’s never boring. We save
people’s lives every day. When we help people, save their houses, rescue their
pets… that feels great.
3
Female : You could say I have a well-paid job. [chuckles] I have a large office on the top
floor of a building in the city. It’s nice, but being the big boss is also a lot of work
and a lot of stress. I work long days and I don’t get much time off. I’m always
thinking about work.
4
Male: I’ve always been interested in computers, since I was a little kid. I love being able
to create programs that can make a computer do whatever I want it to do. That’s
fun! I especially like creating computer games.
5
Female: My job involves a lot of skills. When you design a building, you have to have
artistic skills and be creative, but you also have to understand engineering and
construction. If you don’t have all these skills and knowledge, you’re going to
end up with an ugly building, or a building that falls down.
6
Male: You know, sometimes it’s fun and sometimes it’s very stressful. When you work
in a restaurant kitchen on a busy night… Wow. You have to move fast and there’s
a lot of pressure to make every dish perfect. It has to taste good, look good, it
has to be the right temperature, and if it’s late getting to the table, that’s a
problem. But I love creating new recipes, and it’s a great feeling when customers
enjoy my creations.
Track 92
1. Have you decided what you want to do?

2. How many years does it take to become a doctor?
3. When did you start working for that company?
4. Are you studying to become an architect?
5. What is it that you don't like about the job?
6. Who got you interested in becoming an accountant?
7. Is that a job that pays well?
8. Why do so many people become lawyers?
Track 93
1
Page 51 of 63
Female : I've always loved the ocean. I grew up on the west coast of the US. I was
originally studying to be a vet, but the ocean kept pulling me back. Now I work
with sea life and it's my life's work to do everything I can to protect the sea. I'm
especially interested in whales and dolphins. I don't think there has ever been a
more critical time for the planet's oceans.
2
Male: We help people in emergency situations. You know, like heart attacks or car
accidents. I think we deal with more car accidents than anything else. The most
important thing for us is to get to the scene as quickly as possible and give
medical assistance to anyone who has been injured. Then we transport them to
a hospital.
3
Male: I've always been interested in design. I used to draw pictures of the houses and
buildings in my town when I was just a small child. And I'd make changes to the
buildings that I thought would make them better! By the time I was a teenager, I
had already decided what I wanted to do with my life. I went to a great
university and now I'm designing skyscrapers for a large firm in New York.
4
Female: I'm the person that helps design systems that help your computer, smartphone
and other electronic devices work well. Sometimes my job is to take existing
software and update it or make it better. My work involves writing a lot of
computer code, you know—programming, but that's something that I love to do.
I've always had a technical mind and like being creative. I feel really lucky to be in
this position.
5
Male : I love numbers – always have. My best subject in school was always maths. It just
came naturally to me. I even helped the other kids that were finding it hard.
When I was a teenager I used to help my uncle with his business. I set up a
system for him to more easily keep track of the money coming in and going out.
It wasn't hard for me to work out what to do for a career.
6
Female : I adore food. The only thing I love more than eating good food is preparing it for
others. My philosophy is to keep it simple. I always use high quality, very fresh
ingredients and I try to let all the different flavours come through. I don't like
heavy sauces or too much spice. I'm working for someone else at the moment,
but my dream is to have a place of my own one day.
Track 94
Page 52 of 63
Male: I'm so excited. I just applied for my first job.

Female: What do you mean? You’d had a couple of different jobs by the time you were at
college. And then you worked at that restaurant during the summer.
Male: Yeah, those were part-time jobs. But I'm talking about my first REAL job.
Female: OK, so what is it?
Male: Well, you know that I'm interested in training to become a registered nurse?
Female: Yeah, I think you'll be great.
Male: Thanks, I hope so. Anyway, I applied for the position of porter at the local
hospital.
Female: Porter? What is that exactly?
Male: Porters transport patients around the hospital, you know, on trolleys or in
wheelchairs. They also have to help lift patients from their bed and move them
onto the trollies. And I think a lot of patients have to leave the hospital in a
wheelchair. That'll be fun, working with patients.
Female: Wow! I'm impressed. You really are taking this nursing thing seriously.
Male: Yeah, I think it's perfect for me. I'll get to watch what nurses do close up and get
a real feel for working in a hospital.
Female: I bet you'll learn a lot just by being there.
Male: Exactly. And you never know, that might be the hospital where I end up nursing.
Female: Stranger things have happened. When will you know if you got the job?
Male: I'm talking to the human resources manager this afternoon.
Female: Good luck! I'm sure you'll get it.
Male: Thanks!
Track 95
Many people with demanding careers spend more time with their colleagues in
the office than they do with their family at home. You might even say that some
people are married to their jobs. I'm sure you all know someone like that –
someone who spends fifty, sixty or even more hours a week in the office. Or
someone who even when they're away from the office is still working on their
phone or computer.
What these people need to ask themselves is, do I live to work or work to live?
That is, what is the balance between a person's professional life and their private
life? Does life centre on work or does work give you what you need to live a
happy life? People have a lot of different points of view on these questions.
Page 53 of 63
Some people argue that it's totally normal, especially early in one's career, to
work as long and as hard as necessary to be successful. They say that nobody is
going to give you success – you have to earn it. Starting a family and having a
personal life can come later.
On the other hand, some argue that life is much too short to spend it working
around the clock. They ask, how much money do you really need to live a happy
life? And, what type of work should you really be doing? These people think that
many of us need a healthier balance between work and life. That we shouldn't
overwork ourselves just because that's what others expect.
Obviously there is no one correct answer to these questions. Every person is

different. Some people love their work so much, that's all they want to do.
Others have to work many hours because they have responsibilities to family. All
I can say is this – life is indeed short, so try to find the balance that works best
for you.
Track 96
Male: Tell me about yourself, Martina. What have you done for the past five years?
Female: Well, until last month, I worked at a A-One Japanese Cuisine. I was the chef and
planned the menus, ordered the food, hired the cooks and waiters, and
supervised the quality of the dishes we prepared.
Before that, I was a cook at Yaya Maria’s, a Greek restaurant in town. I prepared
the main dishes, salads, and sometimes even dessert. I enjoyed cooking very
much, but I knew that I wanted more responsibility. That’s why I left and started
working at A-One Japanese Cuisine.
I worked at Café Milan, a small café near my house, before the Greek restaurant.
I took orders, made sandwiches, and made coffees. It was my first job in the food
industry. Once I started, I was hooked! I really enjoyed preparing food that
people would enjoy.
Before I worked at the café, I helped out at my aunt’s restaurant. Nothing too
fancy. But they make really great Cuban food! I cleaned the tables and served
food to the customers.
Page 54 of 63
And before that, I was at school. I left in 2013. Besides academic subjects, my
secondary school had some job skills courses. In one course I learned the basics
of working in a restaurant kitchen. I had always enjoyed helping my parents cook
at home, so I thought it would be interesting to see what it would be like to have
a job in the food industry.
Male: You have a lot of experience working in restaurants. Can you tell me more
about…[fade]
Track 97
Green Jobs of the Future
You’ve heard about green energy, green buildings, and green products. The
future is green, and green jobs will play a big role in that future. Is there a green
job in your future? Have you thought about what you’d like to do when you’re
ready to start working? If you have, then you might want to learn more about
green jobs like these.
Clean Cars
People with different skills work on developing electric, or clean, vehicles from
the first designs to manufacturing a car. These projects require people with
backgrounds in science, engineering, maths, computers, business, and
manufacturing.
Chemical engineers bring ideas from chemistry and use them to design or
improve equipment. An important part of their work is developing and
improving battery designs.
Materials scientists study what materials, such as aluminium, are being used in
electric cars and their batteries. They examine what materials are made of in
order to improve them or create new ones. For example, electric cars need to be
lightweight, so a materials scientist needs to identify strong and lightweight
materials to use.
Electrical engineers design, develop, and test the electrical parts of the vehicle.
They design the system that makes it possible for a petrol engine and a battery
to work together.
Software developers use their knowledge of maths and computers to design
software that controls the car engine. Electric and hybrid cars have built-in
Page 55 of 63
computers that control the engine and battery systems depending on the
situation.
Production managers plan and organize the people, equipment, and parts
needed to build and assemble vehicles and vehicle parts.
Urban Farming
Zaro Bates runs a farm on Staten Island in New York City. The farm is between
two large apartment buildings, but it’s not a garden. At 4,500 square feet (465
square metres) it is a commercial farm that produces vegetables and other
products for sale. In fact, one day a week from spring to autumn Zaro sells
produce at the apartments.
Wave Energy
Ocean waves are a powerful source of renewable energy. Wave energy is green,
and it can be used in ways that do not harm sea life. A wave power “farm”
is a number of machines that generate electricity from power created by the
waves. One type of wave power farm operates on the energy that’s created
when a float on a large buoy* moves with the waves in the sea.
The Aguçadoura Wave Farm, the world’s first, is off the coast of northern
Portugal.
Wave energy is a new technology, but it holds great promise. Engineers,

managers, and scientists will be the wave “farmers” of the future. Could there be
a wave in your future?
Track 98
1 She told her sons it was time for dinner.

2 Lee asked me if I had been to Cambodia.
3 I told Lee I’d travelled to Cambodia when I was at secondary school.
4 She said Harry Potter and the Philosopher’s Stone was her favourite book.
5 Sophie told me Buenos Aires was her favourite city.
6 Kanata said he’d been to the Sydney Opera House.
7 He said he was worried he would fail the exam because he forgot to revise.
8 My father asked me if I wanted some bread with my soup.
Track 99
Page 56 of 63
It’s 10 p.m. on a cool Saturday in Los Angeles. About 30 people are queuing on
the pavement next to a van parked on the street. The van is the Kogi BBQ food
truck. BBQ is short for barbecue. The van will be open for the next few hours
serving their amazing food.
Kogi BBQ has been popular since 2008. That’s when two friends had the idea of
serving Korean barbecue together with Mexican tacos from a van in Los Angeles.
Kogi BBQ’s founder Roy Choi was born in Korea. The food he prepares combines
the flavours of Korean food with tacos, and an extra ingredient, his training as a
chef at the Culinary Institute of America. Some people call his creations
revolutionary, and many think it’s good enough to queue for!
Track 100
I will never forget the excitement as we closed the coast. I will never forget the feeling of
adventure as I climbed on board the boat and stared into her tiny cabin for the first time. But
the most amazing feeling was the feeling of freedom, the feeling that I felt when we hoisted her
sails.
Track 101
1. Do you work every day?

2. Have you ever had a part-time job?
3. How many hours do nurses work?
4. Which company do you work for?
5. How much training do professional gamers do?
6. What qualifications do teachers need?
7. Would you like to be a firefighter?
8. Are you going to get promoted?
Track 102
Well, I love fashion and I’m really interested in social media, so I’d really like to
be an image consultant for celebrities. Image consultants advise famous people
Page 57 of 63
on their clothes, what issues to connect with, and which people to hang out
with. I get good marks in design, and music is one of my favourite subjects, so I
think I’ll have the right skills to do the job well. You can travel anywhere in the
world with this job, and the salary is good too, so I think it would be a great
career.
Unit 10
Track 103
1. Electronic money is stored in Kenyan's mobile phones.

2. Birds were used by the Roman army to send messages.
3. The technology was developed by scientists in Germany.
4. The first phone call was made by Alexander Graham Bell.
5. AI, or artificial intelligence, is found in most smartphones.
6. Sometimes new technologies are invented by accident.
7. The car was driven by an intelligent computer.
8. The iPhone was launched by Apple in 2007.
Track 104
1
Male: I can use it from almost anywhere in the house. If I need to make a copy, scan a
document or send a fax, it's really convenient. Sometimes I use it to print photos,
but I haven't been happy with the quality of the images. And the other thing that
I'm not happy about is the cost of the ink – it's expensive!
2
Female: I don't have a bank account or a chequebook or any credit cards. I don't like
carrying bills and coins around with me because there are some thieves in my
village. This gives me a lot more security and I can use it to buy things when I
need them. It's made my life a lot easier.
3
Male: I mean, it's really almost possible to imagine. Nobody is in control of the vehicle?
Is there even a steering wheel? Do you just tell it where you want to go? I really
don't know if I trust a computer enough to put my life in its hands. Maybe I'm
old-fashioned, but I think I prefer to have a bit more control.
4
Page 58 of 63
Female: It's really like having a supercomputer in your pocket. I use it to keep all my
contact information for friends, family and business colleagues. Not to mention
hundreds of songs and photos. And my calendar! The only problem is that I
spend too much time texting and on social media. I'd like to cut back but it's
really tough.
5
Male: A machine that can think? It sounds like something from a science fiction movie.
But when you think about it, we're already using them every day. I am always
talking to my phone – asking for directions, getting information I need, making
calls. I guess I forget sometimes that I'm talking to a machine and it understands
what I say. Not one hundred per cent of the time, but pretty good.
6
Female: My cousin lost his job recently. It's not that he wasn't doing a good job. It's just
that the company is always looking for ways to save money and decided that it
would be less expensive to have a machine do the same work my cousin was
doing. Some people call it progress, but it's not progress for my cousin.
Track 105
Male: Can I help you?

Female: Yes, I want to buy a new laptop. The one I’m using is five years old and it’s
slowing down.
Male: I understand. Five years is about as long as you get from the Optimum 3.0 model
you have there. If you like the Optimum 3.0 I can show you the latest Optimum
laptop.
Female: OK. I’d like to see it.
Male: This is the Optimum 5.0. It has a 15-inch screen. It’s a bit larger than the model
you have. The battery lasts longer and there are the two standard USB ports.
Female: It’s not very different to what I have, only newer. Can you show me some laptops
with other features?
Male: Sure. This one made by Vertex has a 17.3-inch screen. That’s the largest screen
available. It’s great for graphics and design. Vertex is very popular with graphic
artists.
Female: It’s a very big screen. That one is too large for me to carry to school every day.
Male: OK, something smaller then. The ilet 4 has the smallest screen available, just 11.6
inches. Customers like the ilet 4 because they can easily use it on the bus or
train. It’s light and very portable.
Page 59 of 63
Female: Which laptop’s battery lasts the longest? There are not enough places to charge
my laptop at school.
Male: Oh, a long-life battery. The Plintar’s battery is the best. It lasts for days without
charging.
Female: Can you tell me the price of the Plintar?
Track 106
Female: I just got a letter from my grandmother. She's taking a yoga class. And she sent
me a cheque for fifty pounds.
Male: Nice! (slight pause) Your grandmother is so cool. I love the fact that she's still so
active.
Female: Yeah, she's really inspiring. She takes very good care of herself and is involved in
all sorts of different things.
Male: Do you see her often?
Female: No, she lives quite far away and it's very difficult to stay in touch.
Male: Why's that?
Female: Well, if you can believe it, the only phone she has is a landline in her house. If
she's not at home I can't get in touch with her.
Male: Or text her or send pictures. Can you at least send her an email?
Female: Nope. She was given a laptop for her birthday, but she has never learned how to
use it. I don't think she's ever even turned it on.
Male: Wow! Maybe you could help her learn, you know, enter the modern age.
Female: She says that she has zero interest. She says that all she sees in the world now is
people with their noses stuck in their phones. She’s right, I guess. She said that
when she was growing up people actually talked to each other. And when you
wanted to see somebody you actually had to visit.
Male: I guess all this technology is normal for people our age. All of the stuff we use
today was invented when she was already pretty old.
Female: Yeah, she says that I wouldn't recognize a phone box or know how to dial on a
phone. Or use a record player! Most of the technology she grew up with is gone
now. One thing is that she has voicemail so I can leave her a message.
Male: Well, that's something at least.
Track 107
Flight of the RoboBees
Page 60 of 63
It’s a bee! It’s a robot! It’s a RoboBee! A what? A RoboBee is a flying robot that’s
roughly the size of a bee or small flying insect. Like real bees, RoboBees can rise
from a surface and hang in midair. They can be programmed to do tasks. They’re
small enough to go places real bees go and do the work of real bees.
The RoboBee was developed by electrical engineering professor and roboticist

Robert Wood and his team at the Microrobotics Lab at Harvard University.
Wood, who is also a National Geographic Explorer, is concerned about the fact
that bee colonies all over the world are disappearing and bee populations are
dropping dangerously. Why does that matter? Even if you don’t eat honey,
honeybee pollination is incredibly important for so much of the food we eat.
Although RoboBees weren’t developed to replace bees, roboticists like Wood

believe that in the future these tiny robots might be used to pollinate a field of
crops if there were a bee shortage. With two very thin wings that move rapidly—
120 times per second—RoboBees can take off, and then hover in place, set down
briefly, and then lift off again move to another place, as real bees do.
Robotic bees won’t replace real bees, and we shouldn’t expect them to. We still
need to focus on efforts to save those vitally important creatures. But
tremendous progress in the field of robotics is being made, and RoboBees are
one example of how technology can help us solve problems.
Track 108
1 All right, Sam, I'm going to record from your brain.

2 So I'm going to stand over here and I'm going to open up our app here.
3 Do you guys want to see some more?
4 Miguel, all right. You’re going to stand right here.
5 So I'm going to find your ulnar nerve, which is probably right around here.
Track 109
Female: Wow, this is a difficult question, where to start? Obviously one good thing about
smartphones is that the internet is now everywhere. It’s in your pocket and not
stuck to a cable.
Page 61 of 63
Male: That’s definitely true; imagine what it was like before! With smartphones you
can get information and music anywhere you want. But that can be a problem
because we kind of depend on smartphones too much.
Female: Really? Why do you say that?
Male: Well, when we don’t have a data signal – we become sort of helpless. For
example, it’s not normal to ask for directions or to learn to read maps anymore,
so without directions on our phone we’re really lost.
Female: You’re right that it doesn’t develop some of these old skills, but we can do so
much more now we’re connected. Social media really started working after
smartphones became popular, and it’s good because it’s connecting people
through news and interests so we know a lot more about the world.
Male: Well, yes, on the one hand with a smartphone you are more connected to the
world, but on the other hand there’s no filter, anyone can say anything.
Female: Yeah, and they do.
Male: And you have to deal with trolling and online bullying too, so one bad thing
about smartphones is that it feels like there’s no escape from other people, and
we all need time by ourselves to think and reflect.
Female: You know, I don’t feel like I ever get enough space from other people. I think I’m
going to start leaving my phone off more and just get away from everyone to
have a bit more time for myself.
Male: Yeah, me too. But remember to keep it close in case you need it!
Track 110
Male: OK, well, some things everyone can do, like writing, and I think it’s an important
skill to be able to write, instead of just typing on a computer.
Female: That’s true, but one good thing about typing is we can make changes and it looks
clearer too.
Male: Yeah, on the one hand typing is good for writing essays and reports, but on the
other hand, research shows that when we write study notes by hand, it helps us
to remember things better than typing.
Female: Yeah, all the muscles working together with the brain. OK, so, what about
painting?
Male: I haven’t learnt to paint, but Photoshop is good because I can make any photo
look like a painting really quickly.
Page 62 of 63
Female: Sorry, but I don’t think so. In my opinion, painting is about capturing the feeling
of a situation, and one bad thing about technology is that it can’t understand
human feelings.
Male: Well, you’re right there, I guess. Maybe that’s why art is so expensive. But one
good thing about technology is that you can make copies of famous pictures so
everyone can enjoy them.
Female: Yeah, that’s true, art is so expensive. And cameras are good because I have a
photo of my family as the home screen on my phone, and I couldn’t paint that
myself!
Page 63 of 63

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What are some of the benefits and drawbacks of smartphones discussed in the text?

What are some of the benefits and drawbacks of smartphones discussed in the text?

What skills do people depend less on due to technology according to the conversation?

What skills do people depend less on due to technology according to the conversation?

Perspectives: Pre-Intermediate Print Workbook 9781337288989 British English

1. Mohammed loves to be funny. <pause 5 seconds> Loves.

1. Enzo is quite cheerful. He knows a lot of people.

How do we decide if we like or dislike something? It’s an easy question, right?

I want to introduce the personalities of the people, or characters, in the novel.

This is Your Brain on Nature

In Finland, a large number of people become sad or depressed in winter. The

1 When the musicians begin to play, you must stop talking.

1 Finding an apartment used to be a lot easier.

1 The quality of life in the countryside is very good.

Floating Cities of the Future

Elora Hardy: Magical houses, made of bamboo

1 I used to spend a lot of time outside because I lived in a small apartment.

Interviewer:: Tell me a little about your hometown.

Interviewer: What do you do in your free time in your hometown?

4. I have blue eyes.

1. I thought you said there were only A FEW problems.

3. HOW MUCH did you say it costs?

Many doctors believe this difference in patients is the mind-body connection of

Then one day I saw a documentary on television about an organization called

Health at Every Size

1. Did you get Michael’s phone number?

Saying what you think

Asking follow-up questions

1 Saruka is hopeful about attending college in Kyoto next year.

1 Online learning is a lot easier for me than attending a college.

1 I've already selected my outfit for the party.

I recently graduated from Manchester University. We had a fantastic celebration

Look at photo number 1.

a These men are teammates.

c These men are students.

Look at photo number 2.

Look at photo number 3.

Look at photo number 4.

Going walkabout is a coming of age event for 12–13-year-old aboriginal boys.

Female: Hey Marta, are you busy next Saturday?

Female: I’m not sure. Why?

1. Students have to show a student ID to enter the library.

3. No, you don’t have to complete the essay today.

Female: What are your plans for Saturday, Jorge?

Female: Good morning, thank you for calling Ideal Fruit.

Less Than Perfect

1. When you try hard, you succeed.

1. If you want to relax, you should watch a good film.

Female: This is useless. I can’t do it!

Male: There’s nothing to do!

Male: 1. Are you going to waste that food?

Urban Farms: The Future of Food?

One of the tools Caleb is interested in developing is what he calls a “personal

Because vertical farms can be built in cities, inside of old warehouses or

1 When you go walking in Arizona, you’ll need to wear sunscreen.

Female 1: What are we going to do to celebrate the end of term?

Female 2: Maybe, but not everyone likes it.

Do You Buy It?

1. Science has proven that smoking causes cancer.