NURSING STUDENT OF THE YEAR COMPETITION_2020 1

FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING

1. What are the stages of Kubler-Ross’ theory on death and dying? Denial, Anger, Bargaining,
Depression, Acceptance

2. What is the best indicator of imminent death? Fixed dilated pupils

3. State two reasons for inserting an indwelling catheter. To monitor urinary output, Urinary
incontinence, surgery, urinary retention,

4. What is Anisocoria? Unequal pupils

5. Which anatomical plane divides the body longitudinally into anterior and posterior regions?
Coronal/ frontal plane

6. Which pulse should the nurse palpate during rapid assessment of an unconscious male child?
Carotid pulse

7. What are the key characteristics of Kyphosis? Excessive outward curvature of the spine causing
hunching of the back.

8. What is meant by pulse deficit? The difference between the radial and apical pulse rates.

9. What is the effect of poor oxygenation of the blood on pulse rate? Tachycardia

10. What is the mode of transmission for hepatitis A? Direct and indirect contact

11. What term is used to describe awareness of the position of the body? Proprioception

TRUE OR FALSE

1. Noisy breathing is due to obstruction. T

2. Meat, butter, and solid vegetable oils are examples of saturated fats. T
3. Opiates are medications that help to relieve constipation. F
4. A person does not need to have an identified infection to pass potentially infected
microorganisms to another person. T
5. Wearing a client hospital gown over your uniform serves as an infection control purpose. F
6. Washing a patient’s limbs from distal to proximal areas stimulates blood flow. T
7. Non-REM sleep is a deep, restful sleep without dreaming. T
8. The health-illness continuum represents health as a dynamic process. T
9. Pressure injury to the skin results from continual exposure of the skin to fecal or urinary
incontinence. F
10. Immobility causes increased serum calcium levels. T
11. A burning sensation in the epigastric area is an example of referred pain. F
12. The amount of tissue damage is accurately reflected in the degree of pain perceived. F
13. Opioids are used to control pain at the transduction process of nociception. F
14. Asking the client for information about his or her cultural practices and preferences is an
example of Leininger’s theory in practice. T
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15. To ensure a thorough inspection of the tympanic membrane, you should instruct the client to tilt
the head slightly towards you. F

SHORT ANSWERS
1. A nurse asks a patient how intense her pain is, on a scale of 1-10, with 10 being the most intense
pain she has ever felt. The patient rates the pain as 8 out 10. What type of data is the nurse
gathering? Subjective
2. At what age is the anterior fontanelle in the infant expected to close? 12-18 months
3. What step in the nursing process are priorities set and objectives made? Planning
4. What is the best method of preventing transmission of microorganisms in the healthcare
setting? Handwashing
5. The system of ideas that is said to explain a given phenomenon is known as a_____? Theory
6. A student nurse is carrying out a physical assessment of the respiratory system. What sound
should be heard over the lung field during percussion? Resonance
7. According to Sigmund Freud, super ego is ones______ Conscience
8. Reduction of systolic blood pressure on standing after several days of bed rest is referred as
____ Orthostatic hypotension
9. An immobilized client is suspected of having atelectasis. On assessment, this may be auscultated
as_____ Diminished breath sounds
10. Dyspnea, cough, and tachycardia shortly after blood transfusion are signs of _____ Circulatory
overload
11. What is the most likely reason that older adults experience fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base
imbalances? Decreased thirst sensation
12. What stage in Kubler-Ross’s Stages of Grief is a client who feels overwhelming lonely and
withdraws from interpersonal actions? Depression

GENERAL QUESTIONS

1. What does NANDA stand for? North American Nursing Diagnosis Association
2. Sources of data are categorized into two types. What are they? Primary and Secondary
3. An actual nursing diagnosis consists of how many parts Three
4. What are the first priorities according to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs? Physiological needs
5. The first step to take when making a nursing diagnosis is to? Analyze the data
6. Benjamin Bloom identified three learning domains. Name them. Cognitive, Affective,
Psychomotor
7. Compassion, competence, comportment, confidence, conscience, and commitment are referred
to as what? The 6Cs of Caring in Nursing by Sister Simone Roache
8. How does palliative surgery differ from any other type of surgery? Palliative surgery is
performed to provide temporary relief of distressing symptoms rather than to cure a problem
or condition
9. Which nursing theorist stated that caring consists of caritive factors that result in the satisfaction
of certain human needs? Jean Watson
10. In which phase of the nurse-patient relationship is active listening most important according to
Peplau's theory? During the orientation phase
NURSING STUDENT OF THE YEAR COMPETITION_2020 3

MEDICAL-SURGICAL NURSING

1. What is the average lifespan of red blood cells? 120 days

2. Where in the respiratory tract do asthmatic spasms occur? Bronchioles
3. What structure marks the beginning of the lower respiratory tract? Larynx
4. What assessment should a nurse do before administering Ventolin? Check the pulse rate
5. Name two isotonic solutions. 0.9% NCL and Lactated Ringers
6. What is the carrier of oxygen found within a protein structure? Haem
7. What is an antidote for warfarin toxicity? Vitamin K
8. What is the normal daily urinary output for an adult? 1500-1600ml/day
9. What term is given to stool that is discharged from an ostomy? Effluent
10. A patient is to receive cephalexin 500mg po. The pharmacy has sent 250mg tablets. How many
tablets should be given? Two tablets
11. What is the normal level of Sodium in the blood? 135-145 milliequivalent per liter (mEq/L)

Disease Conditions

1. What is the medical term for itchy skin? Pruritus

2. What is the term that is used to refer to the accumulation of fluid in the abdomen? Ascites
3. The nurse did not do her checks postoperatively before resuming fluids and now the patient has
gastric distention and nausea. What type of post-operative complication are you suspecting?
Paralytic Ileus
4. A patient experiences dizziness, pallor, and weakness. On examination of his blood, the RBC are
pale and small. What type of anemia does he most likely have? Iron Deficiency
5. A patient came to emergency room with a chief complaint of pain over his right quadrant,
abdominal pain, and vomiting. You quickly check his vital signs; Temperature is 101F, Pulse
122bpm, Respiration 22bpm, BP 120/75mmHg. You suspect that this patient has what?
Appendicitis
6. What is dyslipidemia? Elevation of plasma triglyceride levels
7. What are the conditions present in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)? Emphysema,
chronic bronchitis, and Asthma
8. What is the most likely postoperative complication of a client with a history of smoking three-
packs of cigarettes per day? Atelectasis, hypoxia, pneumonia

9. What is the most likely contributing factor for increased risk for thrombus formation, impaired
skin integrity, respiratory infection, and constipation in the immobilized client? Inadequate fluid
intake

10. Name one disorder that is associated with the accumulation of nitrogenous wastes in the blood.
Azotemia, Uremia

11.

Nursing Interventions
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1. Mrs. X just came back to the ward post mastectomy. What is the priority nursing interventions
in the immediate postoperative period? Elevate the arm on the affected size to minimize
lymphedema
2. What would the priority nursing diagnosis be for patient newly diagnoses with cardiac failure?
Ineffective airway clearance
3. What is the priority nursing intervention for a patient with an underwater seal to facilitate
drainage? Ensure the apparatus is Below the chest
4. Before resuming fluid and diet postoperatively, state two things that the nurse must check.
Bowel sounds and gag reflex
5. While doing client teaching, a client asks if normal kidney function would return after acute
kidney injury. What would be your response? After treatment, kidney function may improve
over a period of weeks
6. What method of treatment is required for soft tissue damage? Rest, Ice, Compression,
Elevation (RICE)
7. A patient comes into the emergency room (ER) with progressive SOB, productive cough, bilateral
crackles, +++ pedal edema, orthopnea, tachycardia, and pale skin. As the nurse, what diagnosis
would you suspect? Congestive cardiac failure (CCF)
8. What amount of solution should be instilled in an adult for a cleansing enema? 750-1000ml
9. What is the reason for placing a pillow under the patient’s thighs, when positioning the patient
in the supported Fowler’s position? Prevent occlusion of the popliteal artery or hyperextension
of the knee
10. How should a wound culture specimen be obtained, to determine the presence of an infection?
Clean the base of the wound with normal saline, select the cleanest part of the wound bed,
press and rotate the swab to express fluid beneath the surface of the wound bed.
11. What is the purpose of measuring a patient’s input and output postoperatively? To assess renal
and circulatory function.

TRUE or FALSE
1. Myasthenia Gravis is an autoimmune disorder? T
2. Acute pain is protective. T
3. Chief solutes in sweat are Sodium, Potassium, and Magnesium. F
4. Parathyroid hormone elevates serum protein levels. T
5. Poliomyelitis is an acute bacterial infection. F
6. The most common cause of anemia in children is iron deficiency anemia. T
7. Body fluid is found in two fluid compartments. T
8. Approximately 2/3rd of body fluid is in the intracellular fluid. T
9. Placing food on the strong side of a client’s mouth is an appropriate intervention for the client
who is experiencing dysphagia. T
10. Shock and severe dehydration cause hypervolemia. F
11. Cyanosis is an early sign of hypoxia. F
12. Patients with vascular insufficiency are at increased risk for impaired skin integrity. T

PROFESSION OF NURSING
ETHICAL & LEGAL CONCEPTS
NURSING STUDENT OF THE YEAR COMPETITION_2020 5

1. What are the types of defamation? Libel and Slander

2. A nurse in operating theatre forgets to reposition a patient after surgery, which led to severe
damage to the patient’s legs. The nurse could be charge with________ Malpractice
3. Name two intentional torts. Assault, Battery, Defamation, False imprisonment
4. A law that protects individual rights such as freedom of speech, right to self-determination and
the right to refuse treatment is referred to as the ____Constitutional law
5. When a nurse chooses to restrain a client’s hands against the client’s wishes, the nurse is
practicing _____ False imprisonment
6. An offense of a less serious nature, which is usually punishable by a fine, a short jail term or both
is referred to as ___ Misdemeanor
7. A situation where the best course of action is unclear can be referred to as ___ Ethical dilemma
8. A nurse in a nursing home forgets to feed an elderly patient that needs help eating. The nurse
has committed an offence which is known as ____Negligence

PEOPLE

1. What did the Cubans call Mary Seacole? Yellow woman with cholera medicine
2. Nursing was defined as “the act of utilizing the environment of the patient to assist him in his
recovery” by whom? Florence Nightingale
3. The first Jamaican nurse referred to by historians was___Couba Cornwallis
4. Which theorist created the self-care deficit theory? Dorothea Orem
5. What is the name of nursing sister who was arrested along with Edith Cavell by the Germans?
Sister Wilkins
6. The notorious Edit Ryan was convicted, based on dairy of____ Ann Pratt
7. Which two nurses played a major role in the Crimean war? Florence Nightingale and Mary
Seacole

8. Who conceived the idea of the Red Cross? Henry Dunant

9. Who was the first Chairman of the Regional Nursing Body? Miss Ena Walters
10.
DATES

1. What is the birth date of Florence Nightingale? May 12, 1820

2. When was the nurses’ registration achieved? December 15, 1951
3. In which year did the JGTNA change to the NAJ? 1966
4. When was the Nurse and Midwife Act formulated? 1964
5. In what year did KSN gain its own independence in functioning? 1968
6. When was KPH established? 1776
7. When was NCJ established? 1952
8. In which year was the Jamaican Nurse first published? 1961
9. In which year did the notorious Mrs. Ryan became the Matron/ Superintendent of the female
section of the Lunatic Asylum of the K.P.H? 1844
NURSING STUDENT OF THE YEAR COMPETITION_2020 6

10. How old was Mary Seacole when she died and in which year did she die? 76 years – 1881
11. In which year was ICN established? 1899
12. When was the last revision of the Geneva Conventions? In 1949
13. Who was the first Senior Lecturer/Head of the U.W.I. School of Nursing? Dr. Mary Seivwright
14.

15.
GENERAL QUESTIONS

1. What is the name of the auditorium in Mary Seacole House? Julie Symes Auditorium
2. What were nurses in called in 19th century? Doctresses
3. How much money did Florence receive when she returned to her country? 9,000 pounds
4. What does the abbreviation ICN means? International Council of Nurses
5. What does the name COUBA mean? Born on a Wednesday
6. Where was Mary Seacole statue erected? St. Thomas in London
7. How long is a nurses’ license valid? 2 years

8. State the 3 places in Jamaica which have been named after Mary Seacole. Mary Seacole Hall
(UWI), b. Mary Seacole House (HQ of N.A.J.) c. Mary Seacole Ward (K.P.H.)

9. What is the purpose of the Geneva Conventions? To protect certain categories of persons in
time of war and to ensure their humane treatment (POWs, Civilians, Wounded & Sick)

10. Name three (3) roles that were ascribed to nurses during the period of early nursing practice.
Grandy/Nana, Wet nurse/ Mother substitute, Doctress, Female attendant of mentally and
physically ill persons etc.

11. Various religious nursing orders were assigned to care for the sick in the Middle Ages. Name 2 of
these orders. Knights of St. John, Teutonic Knights & Knights of St. Lazarus.

12.

CURRENT AFFAIRS

GENERAL QUESTIONS

1. What does the abbreviation NIH mean? National Institutes of Health

2. What does NIAID mean? National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
NURSING STUDENT OF THE YEAR COMPETITION_2020 7

3. What does FIFA mean? Federation Internationale de Football Association

4. In which parish was the first Zone of Special Operation (ZOSO) set up? St. James

5. Which hospital had the first patient who recovered from COVID 19? St. Ann’s Bay Regional Hospital

6. Who is Ms. Jamaica World and where is she from? Toni-Ann Singh from St. Thomas

7. What is the theme for Labor Day 2020? “Labor at Home”

8. Where is the headquarters of the Centers for Disease Control (CDC)? Atlanta Georgia, USA

9. Who were the finalists of the 2019 Digicel Rising Stars? Sherlon Russell and Celicia Ellis

10. Who are the winners of TVJ’s All Together Sing? Hopewell High School

11. Who are the winners of TVJ’s School Challenge Quiz 2019? St. Jago High

12. Name the drug that President Trump purports to be effective in treating COVID-19?
Hydroxychloroquine

13. Where is the headquarters of the International Society for the Prevention of Child Abuse and
Neglect (ISPCAN)? Chicago, IL USA

PEOPLE

1. Who is the secretary of NAJ? Ms. Laverna Campbell

2. Who is the director general of WHO? Dr. Tedros Adhanon Gheebreyesus

3. Who is the chairman of NCJ? Dr. Leila McWhinney Dehaney

4. Who is the president of NAJ? Ms. Carmen L. Johnson

5. Who is the director general of the NIAID? Dr. Anthony Fauci

6. Who is the president of the Caribbean Nurses Organization (CNO)? Judith Bryan

7. Who is the CNO for Nursing and Midwifery of Jamaica? Mrs. Patrecia Ingram- Martin

8. Who is the deputy chief nursing officer of the MOH? Mrs. Karen Nelson

9. Who is the CMO of the MOH? Dr. Bisasor Mckenzie

10. Who is the president of Jamaica Football Federation (JFF)? Mr. Mark Ricketts

11. Who is the president of CMU? Professor Fritz Pinnock

12. Who is the auditor general of Jamaica? Pamela Monroe Ellis

13. Who is the president of the Port Authority of Jamaica? Professor Gordon Shirley

14. Who is the president elect of the Jamaica Teachers Association (JTA)? Mr. Jasford Gabriel

15. Who is the head coach of the Reggae Boyz? Theodore Whitmore
NURSING STUDENT OF THE YEAR COMPETITION_2020 8

16. Who is the Children’s Advocate for Jamaica? Diahann Gordon Harrison

DATES

1. When was the first Orange Day walk held? January 2019 in Mandeville

2. In which month is Read Across Jamaica Day celebrated? May

3. When is World Earth Day? April 22

4. When is International Nurses Day celebrated? May 12

5. When is World TB Day Celebrated? March 24

6. In which month is National Nurses week celebrated? July

7. When was the first case of COVID-19 confirmed in Jamaica? Tuesday March 10, 2020

8. When is World Water Day? March 22

9. When is World Kidney Day? March 12

10. When did Kobe Bryant die? January 26, 2020

11. When is CXC exams scheduled to start? July 27, 2020

12. When is World Diabetes Day? November 14

13. When is World AIDS Day? December 1

14. When is International Women’s Day? March 8

15. When is World Health Day? April 7

16. When is International Midwives Day? May 5

POLITICS

1. When was President Donald Trump inaugurated? January 17, 2017

2. Who is the Minister of Transport and Mining? Hon. Robert Montaque

3. Who is the Minister of Tourism? Hon. Edmond Bartlett

4. Who is the Prime Minister of Great Britain? Boris Johnson

5. Who is the President of the Republic of China? Tsai Ing-Wen

6. Who is the President of China? Xi Jinping

7. Who is the Minister of Science, Technology, Energy and Mining? Hon. Fayval Williams

8. Who is the attorney general of Jamaica? Mrs. Marlene Malahoo Forte

9. Who is the Minister of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade? Senator Kamina Johnson-Smith

10. Who is the speaker of the house of representatives, Jamaica? Hon. Pearnel Charles, Sr.
NURSING STUDENT OF THE YEAR COMPETITION_2020 9

11. Who is the president of the senate? Hon. Thomas Tavares-Finson

12. Who is the Minister of Local Government and Community Development? Hon. Desmond McKenzie

13. Who is the Minister of State for the Ministry of Education, Youth & Information? Hon. Alando
Terrelonge

14. Who is the Prime Minister of Canada? Justin Trudeau

15. Who is the President of Russia? Vladimir Putin