GROUP NO: 3 RATING

NAME: ____________________________ DATE PERFORMED: _________________

YEAR AND SECTION: ________________ DATE SUBMITTED: __________________

EXPERIMENT NO. 11
SIEVE ANALYSIS FOR FINE AND COARSE AGGREGATES
(ASTM C136 STANDARD TEST METHOD FOR SIEVE ANALYSIS OF FINE AND COARSE
AGGREGATES)
OBJECTIVE:
THIS TEST METHOD COVERS THE DETERMINATION OF THE PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION OF
FINE AND COARSE AGGREGATES BY SIEVING
SCOPED OF THE TEST:
A SAMPLE OF DRY AGGREGATE OF KNOWN MASS IS SEPARATED THROUGH A SERIES OF
SIEVES OF PROGRESSIVELY SMALLER OPENINGS FOR DETERMINATION OF PARTICLE SIZE
DISTRIBUTION.
THIS TEST METHOD IS USED PRIMARILY TO DETERMINE THE GRADING OF MATERIALS
PROPOSED FOR USE AS AGGREGATES OR BEING USED AS AGGREGATES. THE RESULTS ARE
USED TO DETERMINE COMPLIANCE OF THE PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTUION WITH APPLICABLE
SPECIFICATION REQUIREMENTS AND TO PROVIDE NECESSARY DATA FOR CONTROL OF
PRODUCTION OF VARIOUS AGGREGATES.
THEORY:
SIEVE ANALYSIS IS PERFORMED ON COARSE AND FINE AGGREGATES TO IN ORDER TO
CHECK THEIR GRADATION. THIS GRADATION GIVES AN INDIRECT MEASURE OF THE
WORKABILITY AND AVERAGE PARTICLE SIZE.
A SAMPLE OF DRY AGGREGATE OF KNOWN MASS IS SEPARATED THROUGH A SERIES OF
SIEVES OF PROGRESSIVELY SMALLER OPENINGS FOR DETERMINATION OF PARTICLE SIZE
DISTRIBUTION.
APPARATUS:
 BALANCE
o BALANCES OR SCALES USED IN TESTING FINE AND COARSE.AGGREGATES
SHALL READABILITY AND ACCURACY AS FOLLOWS:
 FOR FINE AGGREGATE: READABLE AND ACCURATE TO 0.1 g
 FOR COARSE AGGREGATE: (OR MIXTURES) READABLE AND ACCURATE
TO 0.5 g
 SIEVES
o THE SIEVE CLOTH SHALL BE MOUNTED ON SUBSTANTIAL FRAMES
CONSTRUCTED IN A MANNER THAT WILL PREVENT LOSS OF MATERIAL DURING
SIEVING.
o THE SIEVE CLOTH AND STANDARD SIEVE FRAMES SHALL CONFORM TO THE
REQUIREMENTS OF SPECIFICATION ASTM E-11.

 OVEN
o AN OVEN OF APPROPRIATE SIZE CAPABLE OF MAINTAINING A UNIFORM
TEMPERATURE OF 110 ± 5 ˚C (230 ± 9 ˚F).

 MECHANICAL SIEVE SHAKER

o IT SHALL CREATE MOTION OF THE SIEVES TO CAUSE THE PARTICLES TO
BOUNCE, TUMBLE, OR OTHERWISE TURN SO AS TO PRESENT DIFFERENT
ORIENTATION TO THE SIEVING SURFACE.
o THE USE OF MECHANICAL SIEVE SHAKER IS RECOMMENDED WHEN THE SIZE
SAMPLE IS 20 kg OR GREATER.
MATERIALS:
 COARSE AND FINE AGGREGATES
o SAMPLE THE AGGREGATE IN ACCORDANCE TO ASTM D 75. THE SIZE OF THE
FIELD SAMPLE SHALL BE THE QUANTITY SHOWN IN ASTM D 75.

DEFINITION AND PROCESS TERMINOLOGY

 AGGREGATES – GRANULAR MATERIAL, SUCH AS SAND, GRAVEL, CRUSHED STONE,
OR IRON BLAST-FURNACE SLAG, USED WITH A CEMENTING MEDIUM TO FORM
HYDRAULIC-CEMENT CONCRETE OR MORTAR. (R 2008)
o COARSE AGGREGATES - AGGREGATE PREDOMINANTLY RETAINED ON THE 4.75-
mm (NO. 4) SIEVE; OR (2) THAT PORTION OF AN AGGREGATE RETAINED ON THE
4.75-mm (NO. 4) SIEVE.
o FINE AGGREGATES - AGGREGATE PASSING THE 9.5-mm (3⁄8-in.) SIEVE AND
ALMOST ENTIRELY PASSING THE 4.75-mm (NO. 4) SIEVE AND PREDOMINANTLY
RETAINED ON THE 75-µm (NO. 200) SIEVE; OR (2) THAT PORTION OF AN
AGGREGATE PASSING THE 4.75-mm (NO. 4) SIEVE AND RETAINED ON THE 75-µm.
 SIEVE ANALYSIS IS A PRACTICE OR PROCEDURE USED TO ASSESS THE PARTICLE SIZE
DISTRIBUTION OF A GRANULAR MATERIAL BY ALLOWING THE MATERIAL TO PASS
THROUGH A SERIES OF SIEVES OF PROGRESSIVELY SMALLER MESH SIZE AND
WEIGHING THE AMOUNT OF MATERIAL THAT IS STOPPED BY EACH SIEVE AS A
FRACTION OF THE WHOLE MASS.
 GRADING OF AGGREGATES IS DETERMINING THE AVERAGE GRAIN SIZE OF
THE AGGREGATES BEFORE THEY ARE USED IN CONSTRUCTION. THIS IS APPLIED TO
BOTH COARSE AND FINE AGGREGATES. THE AGGREGATE SAMPLE IS SIEVED
THROUGH A SET OF SIEVES AND WEIGHTS RETAINED ON EACH SIEVE IN PERCENTAGE
TERMS ARE SUMMED UP.
TEST PROCEDURES:
PREPARATION
1. PREPARE SAMPLE OF COARSE AGGREGATES AND REDUCE IT TO A TEST SAMPLE SIZE
BY MEANS OF QUARTERING. THE SIZE OF THE TEST SAMPLE SHALL CONFORM WITH
THE TABLE:
NOMINAL MAXIMUM SIZE
TEST SAMPLE SIZE,
SQUARE OPENINGS, mm
min, kg (lb)
(in)
9.5 (3/8) 1 (2)
12.5 (½) 2 (4)
19.0 (¾) 5 (11)
25.0 (1) 10 (22)
37.5 (1 ½) 15 (33)
 50 (2) 20 (44)
63 (2 ½) 35 (77)
75 (3) 60 (130)
90 (3 ½) 100 (220)
100 (4) 150 (330
125 (5) 300 60)

PROCEDURE FOR SIEVING

1. DRY SAMPLE TO CONSTANT WEIGHT AT A TEMPERATURE OF 110 ± 5 ˚C (230 ± (9 ˚F)

2. WEIGH THE SAMPLE ACCORDING THE CRITERIA ON THE TABLE.

a. 300 grams FOR FINE AGGREGATES
b. 500 grams FOR COARSE AGGREGATES OR MIXTURE OF BOTH

3. SELECT TEST SIEVES WITH SUITABLE OPENINGS TO FURNISH ENOUGH INFORMATION

REQUIRED BY THE SPECIFICATION COVERING THE MATERIAL BEING TESTED.
4. NEST THE SIEVE IN ORDER OF DECREASING SIZE OF OPENING FROM THE TOP TO
BOTTOM. PLACE THE PAN BELOW THE BOTTOM SIEVE. PLACE THE SAMPLE ON THE
TOP SIEVE.

5. AGITATE THE SIEVE BY HAND OR BY MECHANICAL APPARATUS FOR A SUFFICIENT

PERIOD.

6. DETERMINE THE WEIGHT OF MATERIAL RETAINED ON EACH SIEVE. THE TOTAL

RETAINED WEIGHTS SHOULD CLOSELY MATCH THE ORIGINAL WEIGHT OF THE SAMPLE
(WITHIN 0.3%). (W 1)
 7. IF THE AMOUNTS DIFFER BY > 0.3 %, BASED ON THE ORIGINAL DRY SAMPLE MASS, THE
RESULTS SHOULD NOT BE USED.

DATA SHEET:
COARSE AGGREGATES
RETAINED CUMULATIVE
SIEVE NO. PERCENTAGE
WEIGHT PERCENTAGE WEIGHT PERCENTAGE
(OPENING, mm) PASS (%)
(g) (%) (g) (%)
20 mm 120 24 % 120 24 % 76 %
15.9 mm 105 21 % 225 45 % 55 %
12 mm 115 23 % 340 68 % 32 %
9.5 mm 50 10 % 390 78 % 22 %
4.76 mm 50 10 % 440 88 % 12 %
PAN 55 11 % 495 99 % 1%
WEIGHT
PERCENTAGE 5 1%
LOSS, %

FINE AGGREGATES
RETAINED CUMULATIVE
SIEVE NO. PERCENTAGE
WEIGHT PERCENTAGE WEIGHT PERCENTAGE
(OPENING, mm) PASS (%)
(g) (%) (g) (%)
4.76 mm 23 7.67 % 23 7.67 % 92.33 %
2.9 mm
2.38 mm 26 8.67 % 49 16.34 % 83.66 %
1.7 mm 7 2.33 % 56 18.67 % 81.33 %
1.19 mm 32 10.67 % 88 29.34 % 70.66 %
0.59 mm 61 20.33 % 149 49.67 % 50.33 %
0.11 mm 121 40.33 % 270 90 % 10 %
0.075 mm 6 2% 276 92 % 8%
PAN 14 4.67 % 290 96.67 % 3.33 %
WEIGHT
PERCENTAGE 10 3.33 %
LOSS, %

FORMULA:
• FOR EACH OF THE SIEVE, THE PERCENT RETAINED IS GIVEN AS:
 𝑾𝒆𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕 𝒐𝒇 𝒔𝒐𝒊𝒍 𝒓𝒆𝒕𝒂𝒊𝒏𝒆𝒅 𝒐𝒏 𝒔𝒊𝒆𝒗𝒆
𝑹=( ) × 𝟏𝟎𝟎
𝑾𝟎
• AND THE CUMULATIVE SUM OF SOIL RETAINED IS CALCULATED AS THE RUNNING
TOTAL OF ALL PERCENT RETAINED FOR ALL BIGGER SIEVES INCLUDING THE SIEVE IN
CONSIDERATION. THE PERCENT PASSING FOR EACH SIEVE CAN BE CALCULATED AS:
𝑷 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎 − 𝑺𝒖𝒎 𝒐𝒇 𝒑𝒆𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒂𝒈𝒆 𝒓𝒆𝒕𝒂𝒊𝒏𝒆𝒅
• SINCE THE PERCENT RETAINED ON EACH SIEVE IS BASED ON THE WEIGHT OF THE
WHOLE OVEN-DRIED SAMPLE, W 0, A CORRECTION SHOULD BE MADE ON THE PERCENT
PASSING THUS,
𝑾𝟎 − 𝑾𝑰
𝑷′ = ( ) × 𝟏𝟎𝟎
𝑾𝟎
𝑾𝟎 − 𝑺𝒖𝒎 𝒐𝒇 𝒘𝒆𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕 𝒓𝒆𝒕𝒂𝒊𝒏𝒆𝒅
𝑷𝒆𝒓𝒄𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒂𝒈𝒆 𝒐𝒇 𝒘𝒆𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕 𝒍𝒐𝒔𝒔 = ( ) × 𝟏𝟎𝟎
𝑾𝟎
• WHERE:
o W = WEIGHT OF WHOLE AIR-DRIED SAMPLE; G
o W0 = WEIGHT OF THE WHOLE OVEN DRIED SAMPLE; G
o W1 = WEIGHT OF SOIL RETAINED ON THE SIEVE; G
o R = PERCENT RETAINED
o P = PERCENT PASSING
o P’ = CORRECTED PERCENT PASSING
CALCULATIONS AND RESULTS:
COARSE AGGREGATES
SIEVE NO. RETAINED
(OPENING, WEIGHT PERCENTAGE PASS (%)
PERCENTAGE (%)
mm) (g)
120 120
20 mm 120 ( ) × 100 100 − ( ) × 100
500 500
105 120 + 105
15.9 mm 105 ( ) × 100 100 − ( ) × 100
500 500
115 120 + 105 + 115
12 mm 115 ( ) × 100 100 − ( ) × 100
500 500
50 120 + 105 + 115 + 50
9.5 mm 50 ( ) × 100 100 − ( ) × 100
500 500
50 120 + 105 + 115 + 50 + 50
4.76 mm 50 ( ) × 100 100 − ( ) × 100
500 500
55 120 + 105 + 115 + 50 + 50 + 55
PAN 55 ( ) × 100 100 − ( ) × 100
500 500

FINE AGGREGATES
SIEVE NO. RETAINED
(OPENING, WEIGHT PERCENTAGE PERCENTAGE PASS (%)
mm) (g) (%)
23 23
4.76 mm 23 ( ) × 100 100 − ( ) × 100
300 300
 2.9 mm

26 23 + 26
2.38 mm 26 ( ) × 100 100 − ( ) × 100
300 300
7 23 + 26 + 7
1.7 mm 7 ( ) × 100 100 − ( ) × 100
300 300
32 23 + 26 + 7 + 32
1.19 mm 32 ( ) × 100 100 − ( ) × 100
300 300
61 23 + 26 + 7 + 32 + 61
0.59 mm 61 ( ) × 100 100 − ( ) × 100
300 300
121 23 + 26 + 7 + 32 + 61 + 121
0.11 mm 121 ( ) × 100 100 − ( ) × 100
300 300
6 23 + 26 + 7 + 32 + 61 + 121 + 6
0.075 mm 6 ( ) × 100 100 − ( ) × 10
300 300
14 23 + 26 + 7 + 32 + 61 + 121 + 6 + 14
pan 14 ( ) × 100 100 − ( ) × 100
300 300

FIGURES AND DIAGRAMS:

DISCUSSION/ OBSERVATION/ ANALYSIS:
DURING THE EXPERIMENT, IT WAS OBSERVED THAT WHEN DOING THIS EXPERIMENT, IT IS
NECESSARY TO CLEAN FIRST THE SIEVE THAT ARE GOING TO USE WITH A BRUSH TO REMOVE
EXCESS AND UNNECESSARY THINGS INSIDE THAT MAY AFFECT THE RESULT, BECAUSE
SAMPLES WILL GET STOCKED IF THE SIEVES ARE NOT CLEAN THAT WILL CAUSE INACCURACY
TO THE RESULTS. IT IS ALSO IMPORTANT NOT TO PUT TOO MUCH SAMPLE IN THE SIEVE AS
THIS MAY CAUSE DAMAGES TO THE MATERIALS THAT ARE BEING USED.
CONCLUSION:
DURING THE EXPERIMENT, COARSE AGGREGATES HAD 1% AND FINE AGGREGATES HAD 0
WEIGHT LOSS. AGGREGATES THAT ARE TO BE USED IN CONSTRUCTIONS MUST CONSIST THE
DIFFERENT SIZES (FINE AND COARSE) BECAUSE IT WILL HELP THE STRUCTURE TO BE
STRONGER AND TOUGH.
REFERENCES:
• ASTM C 117: TEST METHOD FOR MATERIALS FINER THAN 75-ΜM (NO. 200) SIEVE IN
MINERAL AGGREGATES BY WASHING
• ASTM C 125: TERMINOLOGY FOR RELATING TO CONCRETE AND CONCRETE
AGGREGATES
• ASTM C 136: STANDARD TEST METHOD FOR SIEVE ANALYSIS OF FINE AND COARSE
AGGREGATES
• ASTM C 637: SPECIFICATION FOR AGGREGATES FOR RADIATION-SHIELDING
CONCRETE
• ASTM C 670: PRACTICE FOR PREPARING PRECISION AND BIAS STATEMENTS FOR TEST
METHODS FOR CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
• ASTM C 702: PRACTICE FOR REDUCING SAMPLES OF AGGREGATE TO TESTING SIZE
• ASTM D 75: PRACTICE FOR SAMPLING AGGREGATES

GROUP LEADER: EZEKIEL G. STO. TOMAS

GROUP MEMBERS:

 ALLAS, MARVIN LUCKY D.

 DE UNGRIA, TRISHA MAE L.
 ENDO, TAKANOAH I.
 ENRIQUEZ, RANIEL LLOYD S.
 PECHARDO, CLARISSAH ERIKA L.
 SABATER, MARIA YSABELLA F.
INSTRUCTOR: ENGR. JASINNE GARNA