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    Necessity Must and Mustn't

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    glorialovegood
    The document discusses different words used to express necessity, deduction, obligation, and advice in English. It explains that "must" and "have to" are used to say something is necessary, especially in rules or requirements. "Should" expresses obligation or what is generally advisable. Other words like "need to", "ought to", "be supposed to", and "had better" can also be used to convey necessity, obligation, or advice depending on the context.

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    Necessity Must and Mustn't

    Uploaded by

    glorialovegood
    23 views2 pages
    The document discusses different words used to express necessity, deduction, obligation, and advice in English. It explains that "must" and "have to" are used to say something is necessary, especially in rules or requirements. "Should" expresses obligation or what is generally advisable. Other words like "need to", "ought to", "be supposed to", and "had better" can also be used to convey necessity, obligation, or advice depending on the context.

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    NECESSITY

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    The document discusses different words used to express necessity, deduction, obligation, and advice in English. It explains that "must" and "have to" are used to say something is necessary, especially in rules or requirements. "Should" expresses obligation or what is generally advisable. Other words like "need to", "ought to", "be supposed to", and "had better" can also be used to convey necessity, obligation, or advice depending on the context.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    23 views2 pages

    Necessity Must and Mustn't

    Uploaded by

    glorialovegood
    The document discusses different words used to express necessity, deduction, obligation, and advice in English. It explains that "must" and "have to" are used to say something is necessary, especially in rules or requirements. "Should" expresses obligation or what is generally advisable. Other words like "need to", "ought to", "be supposed to", and "had better" can also be used to convey necessity, obligation, or advice depending on the context.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 2

    NECESSITY

    Must and mustn’t

    …To say that something is necessary

    …especially in orders and rules

    …we use the negative to tell people not to do something is a bad idea.

    … to encourage someone to do something we think is important.

    … to emphasize a strong feeling or opinion.

    Have to, don’t have and have got to

    We use have to instead of must when we are not in control of what is necessary or required.

    We usually use have to (with auxiliary do) instead of must in questions.

    We use have to (not must) when we ask or talk about what was required or necessary in the past.

    We use don’t have to (not mustn’t) as the opposite of must when something is not necessary.

    We can use have got to instead of have to in informal situations, but only in the present tense.

    We use have (not do) as an auxiliary with got to when we form negatives and questions.

    Need to , don’t need to and needn’t

    We use need to like have to to say that something is necessary.

    Or not necessary.

    We can also use needn’t or need to (without to ) to say that something is not necessary on a particular occasion.

    We usually use don’t need to for things that are not necessary in general.

    We use didn’t need to when we mean it was not necessary to do something.

    We use needn’t have plus a past participle when we mean something unnecessary was done.
    DEDUCTION

    Must, have to, have got to, can’t and couldn’t

    We use must to say that a particular idea or deduction is very likely or certain, based on the evidence.

    We use must in the modal continuous for a deduction about what is happening now.

    We use must plus the perfect when we want to express a deduction about what has happened already.

    We use to report deductions in clauses after past tense verbs.

    We can also use have to or have got to instead of must for a deduction in informal situations.

    We use can’t or couldn’t (not mustn’t) as the opposite of must in negative deductions.

    We use can’t or couldn’t plus the perfect for negative deductions about earlier events.

    OBLIGATION AND ADVICE

    Should

    We use should to express an obligation.

    …to talk about what is expected.

    And for general to say what we think is a good or appropriate idea.

    … when we ask for and give advice

    …for warnings.

    We can use should to say that something is likely because we have planned it or expect it.

    we use should plus the perfect when we think that something good or desirable did not happen.

    And often as a way of expressing regret.

    Ought to, be supposed to and had better

    We can use ought to instead of should with no difference in meaning.

    We can also use be supposed to instead of should, usually in informal situations.

    We can use be supposed to (not should) when we report what others think is true.

    We can use had better as a stronger version of should when we recommend.

    Or for warn against doing something.

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