CHAPTER 1

METHODS OF INVESTIGATION

QUESTIONS:

1. A criminal investigator is a person who collects: 7. The word ________ is used here to describe the
knowledge that the investigator gathers from other
A. facts. C. theories. persons.
B. suspects. D. ideas.
a. interview c. information
2. All of the following are aims of the criminal b. interrogation d. instrumentation
investigator, except:
8. A crime involving greed, such as larceny or robbery,
A. identifying the guilty party when perpetrated by a professional criminal is usually
B. locating the guilty party solved by:
C. providing evidence of a suspect’s guilt
D. prosecuting the guilty party a. interviewing the victim.
b. interrogating a suspect
3. Investigation is ________; hence, it must be c. discerning a motive.
discussed in terms of precepts and advice rather than d. information.
laws and rigid theories.
9. ________ is the simple questioning of a person who
a. a science c. a technique has no personal reason to withhold information.
b. an art d. an abstract discipline
a. An interview c. An inquisition
4. By the application of the three “I’s,” the investigator b. An interrogation d. A correspondence
gathers the facts that are necessary to establish the
guilt or innocence of the accused in a criminal trial. The 10. ________ is the questioning of a suspect or other
three “I’s” include all of the following except: person who may normally be expected to be reluctant
to divulge information.
a. Information. c. Identification
b. Interrogation d. Instrumentation. a. An interview c. An accusation
b. An interrogation d. A confrontation
5. An investigation may be considered a success if:
11. In a homicide case where there are no
a. the guilty party is identified and apprehended. eyewitnesses, a suspect will improve his chances for
b. the accused is proven guilty in court. acquittal by:
c. the corpus delicti can be established.
d. all of the available information relevant and material a. talking to the police but not about the crime.
to the issues of the case are uncovered. b. making up a simple but false account of his actions.
c. blaming the crime on some other known criminal.
6. Many crimes are not able to be solved because: d. refusing to make any statement at all.

a. there are no eyewitnesses available. 12. Even after being given Miranda warnings, a suspect
b. there is insufficient evidence available. will frequently talk to police because the normal
c. there is no discernible motive. person:
d. there are too many suspects.
a. believes he is truly innocent.
b. believes he can fool the police.
c. is possessed by an irresistible desire to talk.
d. enjoys the give and take of interrogation.
13. To become proficient in the art of interrogation a. A confession may be denied in court unless an
requires: affirmative show of voluntariness is present.
b. A confession can be used to establish the
a. only a natural gift of insight into people. corpus Delicti or the fact that a crime has been
b. years of constant practice. committed.
c. periods of reflection and inactivity. c. A confession must be supported by other
d. just a little common sense. corroborative evidence.
d. A confession can be used to identify the
criminal.
14. Instrumentation includes the application of scientific
instruments and methods as well as technical methods 20. The ideal eyewitness identification of a suspect is
to the detection of crime. All of the following are made by several persons who witness the commission
examples of instrumentation except: of the crime and:

a. fingerprint systems. c. interrogation techniques. a. have seen the suspect once before.
b. criminalistics. d. surveillance equipment. b. are very familiar with the suspect.
c. have never seen the suspect before.
15. The application of scientific instruments and d. can’t remember if they have seen the suspect.
methods to crime detection is specifically called the
study of: 21. An identification by circumstantial evidence
involves:
a. criminalistics. c. evidence collection. a. eyewitness testimony.
b. criminal investigation. d. police science. b. an admission or confession.
c. an inference from a proven fact.
16. Instrumentation is of considerable importance in: d. establishing the corpus delicti.

a. cases where there is an abundance of physical 22. All of the following are common types of
evidence. circumstantial evidence except:
b. cases where there is no physical evidence.
c. typical larceny or robbery cases. a. eyewitness testimony.
d. cases where there are a number of eyewitnesses. b. proof of motive
c. proof of opportunity.
17. It is important for the investigator: d. physical evidence at the crime scene.

a. to be an expert in criminalistics. 23. Establishing the fact that a crime has been
b. not to rely on technical methods. committed is called proving the:
c. to be an expert in many technical methods.
d. to know the technical aids that are available and their a. elements of the offense
limitations. b. motive.
c. circumstantial evidence.
18.________ is an excellent means of identifying a d. corpus delicti.
criminal as well as a major objective of every
investigation. 24. The term ________ refers to the conditions that
must be fulfilled by the evidence before it can be said
a. Information from informants that the guilt has been proven.
b. Circumstantial evidence
c. Proof of a motive a. elements of the offense
d. An admission or confession b. motive
c. circumstantial evidence
d. corpus delicti
19. All of the following statements are true, except:
25. The ________ provide(s) a framework for the b. Deductive reasoning d. Inference
investigator in the development of a case.
33. In a criminal investigation, the best hypothesis is
a. elements of the offense chosen on the basis of ______ and a high degree of
b. motive probability.
c. circumstantial evidence
d. corpus delicti. a. simplicity c. consistency with the known facts
b. complexity d. creativity
26. In the first general element (that the accused did or
omitted to do the acts as alleged), the identity of the 34. ________ is a term used to refer to those clues
accused must be established and a ________ the acts encountered accidentally, which sometimes plays an
clearly shown. important part in the solution of a crime.

a. knowledge of a. Opportunity c. Intuition

b. consciousness of the unlawfulness of b. Chance d. Accidental
c. motive for
d. causal connection with 35. ________ refers to the sudden and unexpected
insight that clarifies a problem where reasoning has
27. ________ is that which induces the criminal to act, reached an impasse.
such as for revenge or personal gain.
a. Opportunity c. Chance
a. Intent c. Malice b. Inductive reasoning d. Intuition
b. Motive d. Desire
36. All of the following statements about criminal
28. The _______of an action is the desire to achieve the investigation are true, except:
consequences of an act.
a. The basic purpose of criminal investigation is the
a. intent c. malice discovery of the truth concerning a criminal event.
b. motive d. essence b. A prejudiced investigator is a contradiction in terms.
c. An investigator collects only the evidence that would
29. ________ is a legal term meaning the intent to do establish the guilt of a particular suspect.
injury to another. d. An investigator has an equal interest in facts that
inculpate as well as exonerate a suspect.
a. Motive c. Murder
b. Malice d. Mayhem 37. The CSI effect is:

30. The importance of the proof of motive depends a. a way to collect forensic evidence.
upon the nature of the crime. Motive is often of little b. the misperception that every crime can be solved by
value in all of the following crimes except: forensic evidence.
c. the complete processing of a crime scene.
a. robbery. c. larceny. d. a form of stress suffered by some investigators.
b. burglary. d. murder.

31. ________ is forming a general theory from an

examination of particular details.

a. Inductive reasoning c. Intuition

b. Deductive reasoning d. Inference

32. ________ is the application of a general theory to a

particular instance to see if it explains that instance.

a. Inductive reasoning c. Intuition