1. Draw the same map for Industry of your Choice.

Justify each position with proper reference and

reasoning.

This figure is a strategic group representation of the various streaming services available all over
Pakistan. These services are mapped out on the basis of their monthly subscription prices and
experience levels they offer. The size of the circles represents the amount of content that is available on
these websites.

Netflix has the best value proposition for Pakistani users as the quality of content is superior and the
experience is better than that of competitors. Iflix can be ranked second due the availability of vast
amount of local content which mostly favored by the female population. Starz Play is targeting a very
small demographic with its content but the monthly subscription charges don’t justify the amount and
quality of content it offers.
2. Explain the value proposition offered by freight
forwarding. Provide an example that illustrates
why shippers would be attracted to using the
services of a freight forwarder as contrasted to
arranging their own transportation

The following value propositions are provided by freight forwarder:

Credit facilities

 The freight forwarder carries out all the dealings with the shipping lines or airlines on shipper’s
behalf
 All the responsibility of managing the cargo rests on freight forwarders shoulders.
 Forwarders are more customer oriented and have more experience to manage all the nitty gritty
of the transport and clearance cycle
 Forwarder pays all the costs on behalf of the shipper and at times even collects money from
consignee.

An example would be if an individual wish to ship some cargo, a freight forwarding agent will be needed.
First of all because the individual does not hold a license for export / import. Secondly, the procedure
such as custom clearance will require skills and expertise that they individual does not have.

3. What is the meaning of the phrase cradle-to-

cradle? Explain with Example

Goods are produced and manufactured in the Cradle-to-Cradle supply chain from renewable and,
where possible, entirely biodegradable or combustible products which after their useful life can
be returned to their technological and biological hemispheres. The reusing of materials in supply
chains and manufacturing processes can provide financial benefit as well in addition to the
positive impact it has on the environment.
Hence, the development of closed-loop supply chains and the introduction of sustainable
principles such as Cradle-to-Cradle is increasingly becoming popular amongst businesses.
Organizations can also reap scale benefits if they redirect their focus and become service
oriented rather than product oriented.
Earlier corporations mainly engaged in managing the forward supply chains. However, recent
concerns about the environmental effects of certain industrial processes and supply chains and
the rapid rise in prices of raw materials have increased the emphasis for recycled materials.
The higher the number of recyclable products, the greater the company's financial benefits.
Nevertheless, research finds that a complete overhaul of the supply chain is needed to really
adopt the Cradle-to-Cradle model, where return flows are of the same significance as forward
flows.
Example of cradle-to-cradle processes:
A disposable cup, bottle made entirely of biological materials can be considered an example for
C2C process. When the cup or bottle has been used it can be easily disposed of due to its
biodegradable nature. This greatly reduces cost of disposal of waste or recycling waste.

4. Complete the Picture:

9. GCMMF (AMUL)—Managing Logistics to Align

Customer Demands

1) The following major issues are prevalent in the collection of milk:

 The geographically diverse network of milk collection makes monitoring difficult.
 Milk quality standards may differ across different areas
  Outsourcing the collection of milk to 3PL may mean compromising on milk
quality
 Non-Optimum number of AMCUs may result in additional costs in the case of
more than optimum number of ACMUs installed or loss of revenue by sacrificing
quality / quantity while collecting in the event of insufficient number of ACMUs
installed.
2) GCMMF is adding value through following means:
 Use of technology, as ACMUs have many benefits. On-the-spot payment
option to farmers contributes to reducing the liabilities and rewarding their
suppliers. It also prevents both wastage and corruption.
 Optimize route selection and use milk run concept to mitigate costs that
will eventually result in increased profits.
 Outsource non-core activities if needed.
 Maximize outreach by using retail outlets and e-commerce
 Various milk products and byproducts being used which reduces wastage
3) Milk run
Milk run is a method where one vehicle is used to collect multiple suppliers instead of
multiple vehicles collecting the same material from multiple suppliers, in order to minimize
costs and improve performance.
For instance, instead of 10 different farmers using 10 different vehicles to transport the milk
to the processing plant, it would easier to have one vehicle collect milk from all the farmers.
This is largely linked to route optimization provided by ACMUs in this case.
4) Role of IT
IT plays a vital role in the success of GCMMF’s logistics department. IT contributes mostly
through ACMU. Manual collection may have resulted in wastages, possible corruption by the
suppliers and collection stuff, inefficient milk runs among other problems. ACMU reduces
all these risks and ensures maximum profitability for GCMMF. In addition, a sophisticated
IT network is needed for data collection, management and integration of 47 depots, 3000
dealers, 500,000 retailers and the e-commerce network which is spread across 125 cities.

10. Visit
http://logpackaging.blogspot.com/2008/01/ and
write your five key learnings on Logistical
Packaging
Importance of technology: As mentioned in the article using RFID can help increase visibility
of packages along the various stages of Supply Chain which in turn also increases accountability.
This results in lower costs and improved operational performance due to reduced paperwork and
collection of data.

Understand product type before selecting packaging material: Every consignment must be
packaged in a way which ensures it is protected from being crushed, falls, and vibrations during
transit. Delicate items like fruits require sturdy packaging, usually laminated containers to cover
them. The product also needs to be protected against environmental factors like temperature,
humidity, air and various gases.

Importance of packaging testing: Packaging tests are mainly needed for cargoes that need to be
shipped. Packaging checks are conducted to reduce the amount of cargoes that get damaged
during transit. A few other reasons include:
 Protecting cargo
 Reduced cost (Fewer damaged products means higher cost savings in the long
run)
 You become Customers preferred brand if the right product reaches the right
customer on right time in right condition.

Types of packaging tests available in market: The article explains various tests that are
currently being conducted in the logistical industry. These include:
 Compression test: The warehousing stacking and load are assessed in this test.
 Vibration testing: This test assesses the vibration levels experienced during
transport.
 Shock test: This test determines the impact of drops and handling on a
consignment.
 Drop test: This test determines the ability of a consignment to withstand the
impacts of a drop
 Puncture testing: This is a test of durability
 Atmosphere testing: This test assesses the impact of environmental factors in a
consignment.

Purpose of packages and packaging labels.

Packages and packaging labels are usually used for the following objectives:
Physical Protection: An object enclosed in a package needs to be protected against shocks,
vibrations, environmental factors, etc.
Barrier Protection: Specific products may require protection from oxygen, air, water vapor etc.
Desiccants or Oxygen absorbers may be added to packages to help extend their shelf life.
Marketing: Marketers often use the packaging and logos to persuade prospective customers to
purchase their product. For years, product design has been a major and constantly evolving trend.
Marketing Contact and graphic design are can be applied to the products surface or posters and
standees can be placed at point of sale terminals.
Transmitting information: Packages and labels indicate the way the box or commodity is to be
used, stored, recycled or disposed of. Some forms of information may be required by the
governments when it comes to pharmaceutical, food, or chemical products

14. Hardee Transportation

a) What are the pick-up, sort, line-haul, and delivery costs to Hardee for this move?
Ans a) Pick up costs:
Labor cost: $30 * 4hrs= $120
Fuel cost: 40 miles / 6.5mpg * $2.1 = $12.92
Insurance and maintenance = 40m * $0.2= $8
Tractor depreciation= 4hrs * 1.83= $7.32
Trailer depreciation= 4hrs * 0.34= $1.36
Billing cost= $5
Total Pick up Costs= $154.5

Sorting costs:
Labor costs=16hrs * 25= $400
Tractor depreciation= 8hrs * $1.83r= $14.64
Trailer depreciation= 8hrs * 0.34= $2.72
Total Sorting Costs=$417.36

Line Haul costs:

Tractor depreciation= 46hrs * $1.83= $84.18
Trailer depreciation= 46hrs * $0.34= $15.64
Interest costs:
Tractor: 46hrs * $2.33=$107.18
Trailer: 46hrs * $0.5= $23
Fuel: 1249 miles * $0.32=$399.68
Labor: 1249 * $0.42=$54.18
 Maintenance: 1249 miles * $0.15= $187.35
Insurance: 1249 miles * $0.03= $37.47
Total Line Haul costs= $908.68

Delivery costs:
Tractor depreciation= 2.3hrs * $1.83= $4.21
Trailer depreciation= 2.3hrs * $0.34= $0.78
Interest costs:
Tractor: 2.3hrs * $2.33=$5.36
Trailer: 2.3hrs * $0.5= $1.15
Fuel: 15 miles * $0.32=$4.8
Labor: 2.3 hrs * $30=$69
Maintenance: 15 miles * $0.15= $2.25
Insurance: 15 miles * $0.03= $0.45
Total Delivery costs= $88

b) What is the total cost of this move? Cost per cwt? Cost per revenue mile?

Ans b) Total Cost= $1,243.27

Per cwt= $3.45
Per revenue mile= $1,243.27/1295 miles= $0.96

c) If Hardee would put two drivers in the tractor for the line-haul move, there would be no rest
required for drivers during the line-haul move. What would happen to total costs?

Ans c)
d) Assume that Hardee has no loaded backhaul to return the vehicle and driver to Pittsburgh.
How would you account for the empty backhaul costs associated with this move? Would you
include those in the head haul move? How would this impact your pricing strategy?

Ans d)