Bangla 1st Paper PDF

m„Rbkxj
evsjv cÖ_g cÎ
GK bR‡i welq web¨vm  welqwU †hme G·K¬zwmf cvU©-Gi mgš^‡q mg„×
†evW© eB‡qi Aby‡”Q` I jvBb we‡køl‡Yi gva¨‡g cÖYxZ
G·K¬zwmf mv‡RkÝ + BANK (Step 3) : GmGmwm cixÿv 2020
AwaK Abykxj‡bi gva¨‡g †miv cÖ¯‘wZ wbwðZ Ki‡Z AviI

kxl©¯’vbxq ¯‹z‡ji wbe©vPwb cixÿvi cÖkc
œ Î : m„Rbkxj

œ Î I DËigvjv : eûwbe©vPwb
NCTB KZ…©K cÖ`Ë P‚ovšÍ gvbeÈ‡bi Av‡jv‡K cÖYxZ

G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ : m„Rbkxj

G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ I DËigvjv : eûwbe©vPwb
 c†Ó¤v bs ˆ`GL Kvw›ÞZ welqwUi AeÕ©vb ˆRGb wbB
†evW© eB‡qi Aby‡”Q` I jvBb we‡køl‡Yi gva¨‡g cÖYxZ
G·K¬zwmf mv‡RkÝ + BANK (Step 3) : GmGmwm cixÿv 2020 -------------- 142

œ Î : m„Rbkxj ------------------------------ 4361
1. †dbx Mvj©m K¨v‡WU K‡jR ...........................................................................................................................................43
2. gqgbwmsn Mvj©m K¨v‡WU K‡jR.....................................................................................................................................44
3. RqcyinvU Mvj©m K¨v‡WU K‡jR .....................................................................................................................................45
4. Avg©W cywjk e¨vUvwjqb cvewjK ¯‹zj I K‡jR, e¸ov ..........................................................................................................46
5. cywjk jvBÝ ¯‹zj GÛ K‡jR, e¸ov.................................................................................................................................47
6. bv‡Uvi miKvwi evjK D”P we`¨vjq .................................................................................................................................48
7. Kzwgjøv gWvb© nvB ¯‹zj ..................................................................................................................................................49
8. Be‡b ZvBwgqv ¯‹zj GÛ K‡jR, Kzwgjøv .............................................................................................................................50
9. wmjfvi †ejm Mvj©m nvB ¯‹zj, PÆMÖvg.............................................................................................................................. 51
10. ev›ìevb miKvwi evwjKv D”P we`¨vjq.............................................................................................................................52
11. evsjv‡`k †bŠevwnbx ¯‹zj I K‡jR, PÆMÖvg ........................................................................................................................53
12. Avj-Avwgb Rv‡gqv Bmjvwgqv D”P we`¨vjq, wm‡jU.............................................................................................................54
13. †MvjvcMÄ Rv‡gqv Bmjvwgqv D”P we`¨vjq, wm‡jU..............................................................................................................55
14. ei¸bv miKvwi evwjKv D”P we`¨vjq................................................................................................................................56
15. ei¸bv wRjv ¯‹zj .......................................................................................................................................................57
16. cywjk jvBb D”P we`¨vjq, w`bvRcyi ...............................................................................................................................58
17. KzwoMÖvg miKvwi D”P we`¨vjq........................................................................................................................................59
18. cÂMo we.wc. miKvwi D”P we`¨vjq ................................................................................................................................60
19. bxjdvgvix miKvwi D”P we`¨vjq .................................................................................................................................... 61

œ Î I DËigvjv : eûwbe©vPwb ------------- 6281
20. †dbx Mvj©m K¨v‡WU K‡jR ...........................................................................................................................................62
21. gqgbwmsn Mvj©m K¨v‡WU K‡jR.....................................................................................................................................63
22. RqcyinvU Mvj©m K¨v‡WU K‡jR .....................................................................................................................................64
23. †gvnv¤§`cyi wcÖcv‡iUwi ¯‹zj GÛ K‡jR, XvKv ....................................................................................................................65
24. Mfb©‡g›U j¨ve‡iUix nvB ¯‹zj, gqgbwmsn .........................................................................................................................66
25. we›`yevwmbx miKvwi evjK D”P we`¨vjq, Uv½vBj .................................................................................................................67
26. biwms`x miKvwi evwjKv D”P we`¨vjq..............................................................................................................................68
27. weqvg j¨ve‡iUwi ¯‹zj GÛ K‡jR, e¸ov...........................................................................................................................69
28. Bÿz M‡elYv D”P we`¨vjq, cvebv ...................................................................................................................................70
29. B¯úvnvbx cvewjK ¯‹zj I K‡jR, Kzwgjøv †mbvwbevm.............................................................................................................71
30. Kzwgjøv wkÿv‡evW© miKvwi g‡Wj K‡jR ............................................................................................................................72
31. Abœ`v miKvwi D”P we`¨vjq, eªvþYevwoqv .........................................................................................................................73
32. Avj-Avwgb GKv‡Wgx ¯‹zj GÛ K‡jR, Puv`cyi ....................................................................................................................74
33. kvnRvjvj Rv‡gqv Bmjvwgqv ¯‹zj GÛ K‡jR, wm‡jU ...........................................................................................................75
34. Avjx AvgRv` miKvwi evwjKv D”P we`¨vjq, †gŠjfxevRvi ....................................................................................................76
35. D`qb gva¨wgK we`¨vjq, ewikvj ...................................................................................................................................77
36. miKvwi †K. wR BDwbqb D”P we`¨vjq, wc‡ivRcyi ...............................................................................................................78
37. jvqÝ ¯‹zj GÛ K‡jR, iscyi .........................................................................................................................................79
38. MvBevÜv miKvwi evwjKv D”P we`¨vvjq.............................................................................................................................80
39. MvBevÜv miKvwi evjK we`¨vjq .....................................................................................................................................81

G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ : m„Rbkxj ----------------------------------------------------- 8287
40. G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ : 1 ...........................................................................................................................................82
41. G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ : 2 ...........................................................................................................................................83
42. G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ : 3 ...........................................................................................................................................84
43. G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ : 4 ...........................................................................................................................................85
44. G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ : 5 ...........................................................................................................................................86
45. G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ : 6 ...........................................................................................................................................87

G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ I DËigvjv : eûwbe©vPwb ----------------------------------- 8893
46. G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ : 1 ...........................................................................................................................................88
47. G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ : 2 ...........................................................................................................................................89
48. G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ : 3 ...........................................................................................................................................90
49. G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ : 4 ........................................................................................................................................... 91
50. G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ : 5 ...........................................................................................................................................92
51. G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ : 6 ...........................................................................................................................................93
evsjv cÖ_g cÎ : E-Book Version  1
G·K¬zwmf mv‡RkÝ + BANK 100%

Kgb Dc‡hvMx
GmGmwm cix¶v 2020 cÖ‡kœvËi msewjZ
Step 3 cvVëB‡qi Aby‡”Q` I jvBb we‡køwlZ eûwbe©vPwb mv‡RkÝ + BANK
M`¨ 12wU eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ _vK‡e; cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœiB DËi w`‡Z n‡e| 112 = 12
M`¨ 01 myfv  iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi

cvVëB we‡kølY 13. ÒZLb †K RvwbZ †m †evev nB‡e?Ó GLv‡b 27. myfv wb‡R‡K †Mvcb K‡i ivL‡Z me©`v †Póv
Kvi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q? KiZ †Kb?
mvaviY eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi o myfvwlYxi L my‡Kwkbxi K myfv my›ì bq e‡j
M mynvwmbxi N mybqbvi o myfv K_v ej‡Z cv‡i bv e‡j
†jLK cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 11 14. myfvwlYxiv Kq †evb? M myfv wkwÿZ bq e‡j
1. iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi KZ wLªóv‡ã Rš§MÖnY K‡ib? o wZb L Pvi M cuvP N Qq N myfv abxi †g‡q e‡j
K 1851 wLªóv‡ã o 1861 wLªóv‡ã 15. myfvwlYxi bvg †K iv‡Lb? 28. mevB fz‡j †M‡j †K euv‡P?
M 1871 wLªóv‡ã N 1881 wLªóv‡ã K Zvi gv o myfvwlYxi evev o myfvwlYx L mynvwmbx
2. iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi KZ e½v‡ã Rš§MÖnY K‡ib? M Zvi eo †evb N Zvi gvgv M cÖZvc N my‡Kwkbx
K 1261 L 1262 o 1268 N 1272 16. myfvwlYxi evev wK‡mi wfwË‡Z †QvU †g‡qwUi 29. †KvbwU †KD KL‡bv †fv‡j bv?
3. †Kvb¸‡jv iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii Kve¨MÖš’? bvg iv‡Lb myfvwlYx? K wg_¨v L Aciva o †e`bv N Ab¨vq
K gvbmx, †mvbvi Zix, wPÎv, wemR©b K wb‡Ri bv‡gi wfwË‡Z
L ÿwYKv, ejvKv, cybð, †k‡li KweZv
30. wcZvgvZvi g‡b †m me©`vB RvMiƒK wQj †K?
L A‡bï K_vq K cÖZvc L evYxKÉ M my‡Kwk o myfv
M i³Kiex, †Pv‡Li evwj, Kíbv, wPÎv
M cÖwZ‡ekxi K_vq 31. Zvnvi gv Zvnv‡K wb‡Ri GKUv ÎæwUiƒc
o wPÎv, Kíbv, †mvbvi Zix, gvbmx
o eo `yB †g‡qi bv‡gi wfwË‡Z
4. wek¦Kwe iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii wcZvi bvg Kx? †`wL‡Zb Kv‡K?
17. ÔmyfvwlYxÕ A_© Kx? K my‡Kwk‡K L mynvwm‡K
K wcÖÝ ØviKvbv_ VvKzi
o gayifvlx L my›ì gyL
o gnwl© †`‡e›`ªbv_ VvKzi o myfv‡K N cÖZvc‡K
M D¾¡j N my›ì K_v
M Aebx›`ªbv_ VvKzi 32. gvZv cyÎ A‡cÿv Kv‡K wb‡Ri Askiƒ‡c †`‡Lb?
18. myfvwlYx‡K mevB ms‡ÿ‡c Kx bv‡g Wv‡K? K ¯^vgx‡K L wcZv‡K M †`k‡K o Kb¨v‡K
N my‡i›`ªbv_ VvKzi
K myfvlx L fvwlY o myfv N myYx
5. iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi †Kvb Kv‡eï Rb¨ †bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi cvb? 33. Kb¨vi †Kv‡bv Am¤ú~Y© †`L‡j †K †mUv‡K
K ÿwYKv L gvbmx
19. my‡Kwkbx I mynvwmbxi mv‡_ myfvwlYxi m¤úK© Kx? wb‡Ri j¾vi KviY e‡j g‡b K‡ib?
o †evb L evÜex
M †mvbvi Zix o MxZvÄwj K wcZv o gvZv
M Lvjv‡Zv †evb N PvPv‡Zv †evb
6. Gkxq‡ì g‡a¨ mvwn‡Z¨ me©cÖ_g †bv‡ej M cÖwZ‡ekx N AvZ¥xq¯^Rb
cyi¯‹vi cvb †K? 20. `¯‘ig‡Zv AbymÜvb I A_©e¨‡q Kv‡ì we‡q 34. †K myfv‡K mynvwmbx I my‡Kwkbx A‡cÿv †ewk
K †KbRvey‡iv I‡q o iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi n‡q †M‡Q? fv‡jvev‡mb?
M bvwMe gvndzR N Ainvb cvgyK K myfvi o myfvi †evb‡ì
K cÖZvc L myfvi gvZv
M myfvi evÜexi N cÖZv‡ci
7. ÒwZwb GKvav‡i mvwnwZ¨K, `vk©wbK I wkÿvwe`|Ó o myfvi wcZv N me©kx
Dw³wU †Kvb †jLK m¤ú‡K© cÖ‡hvR¨? 21. ÒGLb †Qv‡UvwU wcZvgvZvi bxie n„`qfv‡ii 35. myfvi wcZvi bvg Kx?
K cÖg_ †PŠayix g‡Zv weivR Kwi‡Z‡Q|Ó GLv‡b Ô†Qv‡UvwUÕ K bxjKÉ o evYxKÉ
o iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi ej‡Z Kv‡K †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? M eskxKÉ N †MuvmvB gÐj
M ew¼gP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq K my‡Kwkbx‡K L mynvwmbx‡K
36. ÁwKš‘ gvZv Zvnv‡K wb‡Ri M‡f©i Kj¼ Ávb Kwiqv
N gyn¤§` knx`yjøvn M mybqbv‡K o myfvwlYx‡K
Zvnvi cÖwZ e‡ov wei³ wQ‡jbÓ Kvi cÖwZ?
8. ÔwemR©bÕ I Ôi³KiexÕi g‡a¨ wgj wK‡m? 22. Ô†m K_v ej‡Z cv‡i bvÕ GLv‡b hv‡K wb‡`©k K cÖZv‡ci cÖwZ L my‡Kwki cÖwZ
o `ywUB iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii bvUK Kiv hvq o myfvi cÖwZ N mybqbvi cÖwZ
L `ywUB iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii Dcb¨vm K my‡Kwkbx‡K L mynvwmbx‡K 37. myfvi Kx wQj bv?
M Avw½K wfbœ n‡jI `ywUi welqe¯‘ Awfbœ o myfvwlYx‡K N cÖZvc‡K o K_v L †PvL M nvZ N cv
N `ywUB cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q iex›`ªbv‡_i g„Zzï c‡i 23. Kvi mvÿv‡ZB mevB Zvi fwel¨r m¤ú‡K© 38. my`xN©cjøewewkó eo eo `ywU Kv‡jv †PvL wQj Kvi?
9. iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii mv‡_ 7B †g I 7B AvM÷ `ywðšÍv cÖKvk K‡i? K ggZvwì o myfvi
Kxfv‡e m¤úwK©Z? K cÖZv‡ci o myfvi M Acyi N AÜea~i
o Rš§ I g„Zz¨‡Z L Rš§ I weev‡n M mynvwmbxi N my‡Kwkbxi
M g„Zz¨ I †bv‡ej cÖvwß‡Z
39. myfvi Iôvai fv‡ei AvfvmgvÎ wK‡mi g‡Zv
24. ÔGBRb¨ Zvnvi mvÿv‡ZB mK‡j Zvnvi fwel¨r m¤^‡Ü †Ku‡c DVZ?
N †bv‡ej I Rwg`vwi cË‡b
`ywðšÍv cÖKvk KwiZÕ `ywðšÍv cÖKv‡ki KviY Kx? K nwi‡Yi g‡Zv
10. iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi KZ wLªóv‡ã g„ZyëiY K‡ib?
K myfv †Rw` o myfv †evev o KwP wKkj‡qi g‡Zv
o 1941 wLªóv‡ã L 1938 wLªóv‡ã
M myfv AÜ N myfv Kv‡jv M wbR©x‡ei g‡Zv
M 1940 wLªóv‡ã N 1942 wLªóv‡ã
25. †K ey‡S‡Q †h †m weavZvi Awfkvciƒ‡c N Amnv‡qi g‡Zv
11. iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi †kl wbk¦vm Z¨vM K‡ib
Rš§MÖnY K‡i‡Q? 40. K_vq Avgiv †h fve cÖKvk Kwi Zv Avgv‡ì
o KjKvZvq L kvwšÍwb‡KZ‡b
K cÖZvc L myfvi gv Kx Ki‡Z nq?
M Dwol¨vq N weª‡U‡b
o myfv N myfvi †evb K fz‡j †h‡Z nq L fv‡jvevm‡Z nq
g~jcvVcvVëB; c„ôv 11-15 26. mvavi‡Yi `„wóc_ †_‡K †K wb‡R‡K †Mvcb o M‡o Zzj‡Z nq N ZR©gv Ki‡Z nq
12. ÔmyfvÕ M‡íi †g‡qwUi bvg Kx ivLv n‡qwQj? K‡i ivL‡Z memgq †Póv KiZ? 41. gb Avcwb Kvi Dci Qvqv †d‡j?
K nvwm L myfv K myfvi wcZv L myfvi †evb o Kv‡jv †Pv‡Li L my›ì nv‡Zi
M mynvwmbx o myfvwlYx M myfvi gv o myfv M gvqvex nvwmi N mij c‡_i
2 wmwi‡Ri SSC Bank : Interactive Virtual CD
42. KL‡bv D¾¡jfv‡e R¡wjqv I‡V Kx? 63. wSwjøiec~Y© Z…Yf‚wg †_‡K kãvZxZ †Kvb †jvK ch©šÍ 86. myfv Kv‡K †`Lv‡bvi Rb¨ RjKzgvix n‡Z Pvq?
K bxj †PvL L my›ì gyL †Kej Bw½Z, fw½, msMxZ, µ›`b Ges `xN© wbk¦vm? K evYxKÉ‡K L gv‡K
o Kv‡jv †PvL N D×Z nvZ K wÎ‡jvK L f‚‡jvK M †evb‡K o cÖZvc‡K
43. A¯Ígvb P‡›`ªi g‡Zv Awb‡glfv‡e †P‡q _v‡K Kx? o bÿÎ‡jvK N m~h‡© jvK 87. KLb myfv kqbM„‡ni Øvi Ly‡j f‡q f‡q gyL
o Kv‡jv †PvL L bxj †PvL 64. me©kx I cv½ywj wK‡mi bvg? evwo‡q evB‡i ZvwK‡q c~wY©gv †`‡L?
M †evev †PvL N wbR©xe †PvL K b`xi L myfvi †evb‡ì K iv‡Z L gaïv‡Z
44. ÔmyfvÕ M‡í Kv‡jv †Pv‡Li mv‡_ mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q wK‡mi? o Mvfxi N MÖv‡gi o Mfxi c~wY©gv iv‡Z N m‡Ü¨‡ejvq
K KwP wKkj‡qi L ÿgZvi 65. Kvi c`kã Mvfx `ywU wPbZ? 88. c~wY©gv cÖK…wZi mv‡_ wbtm½Zvi w`K †_‡K Kvi
M D¾¡j gwYi o `ªæZ PÂj we`y¨‡Zi K my‡Kwkbxi o myfvi mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q?
45. gy‡Li fve ê AvRš§Kvj hvnvi Ab¨ fvlv bvB M mynvwmbxi N evYxK‡Éi K cÖZv‡ci L my‡Kwkbxi
Zvnvi wK‡mi fvlv Amxg D`vi? 66. me©kxi mv‡_ mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q Kvi? o myfvi N evYxK‡Éi
o †Pv‡Li L gy‡Li M †Vuv‡Ui N nvwmi Kmynvwmbxi L my‡Kwkbxi 89. Kv‡ì GKN‡i K‡i †Ìqvi Rbie †kvbv hvq?
46. ÔmyfvÕ Mí Abymv‡i AZj¯úk© Mfxi Kx? o cv½ywji N fvebvi K cÖZvc‡ì L †MuvmvB‡ì
K †Pv‡Li Pvnwb o †Pv‡Li fvlv 67. myfv wbqwgZ KZ evi K‡i †MvqvjN‡i hvq? M gÐj‡ì o evYxK‡Éi
M †Pv‡Li is N †PZbv K GKevi L `yBevi o wZbevi N Pvievi 90. wKQy w`‡bi Rb¨ evYxKÉ †Kv_vq †M‡jb?
47. Qvqv‡jv‡Ki i½f‚wg †Kgb? 68. Kviv myfvi gg©‡e`bv eyS‡Z cviZ? K †g‡qi evwo L †ev‡bi evwo
K myfvi wcZv-gvZv L myfvi eÜy cÖZvc o we‡`k N MÖv‡gi evwo
K my›ì o wb¯Íä
M †Kvjvnjc~Y© N wbR©xe o myfvi Mvfx `ywU N myfvi †ev‡biv 91. myfv cÖZv‡ci w`‡K †Kgb K‡i ZvKvq?
69. myfvi DbœZ †kÖwYi eÜywU †K? K wbR©xe Rx‡ei g‡Zv
48. evK¨nxb gvby‡li g‡a¨ e„nr cÖK…wZi g‡Zv
K me©kx L cv½ywj o gg©we× nwiYx e¨v‡ai w`‡K †hfv‡e ZvKvq
GKUv weRb Kx i‡q‡Q?
o cÖZvc N weovjQvbv M wkKvwi ev‡Ni w`‡K †hfv‡e ZvKvq
K eb L gvV o gnË¡ N Av‡jv
70. ÔmyfvÕ M‡í fvlvwewkó Rxe ejv n‡q‡Q Kv‡K? N †R‡j gv‡Qi w`‡K †hfv‡e ZvKvq
49. mvaviY evwjKviv Kv‡K fq KiZ?
K cÖZvc‡K o myfv‡K K me©kx‡K L cv½ywj‡K 92. myfv Kvi cv‡qi Kv‡Q e‡m Kuv‡`?
o cÖZvc‡K N cvsNywo‡K K cÖZv‡ci L cÖwZ‡ekxi
M mynvwmbx‡K N my‡Kwkbx‡K
71. †MuvmvB‡ì †QvU †Q‡jwUi bvg Kx? o evYxK‡Éi N cv½ywji
50. Zvnvi mwnZ †Ljv KwiZ bv GLv‡b Zvnvi 93. myfv iv‡Z Ni †_‡K †ei n‡q b`xZ‡U jywU‡q
ej‡Z Kvi K_v †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? K evYxKÉ o cÖZvc M gwY N g‡bvni
72. †jvKwU wbZvšÍ AKg©Y¨ †jvKwU †K? c‡o| ZLb wQj
K mynvwm‡K L myeY©‡K
K Z…Zxqv PZz`©kx o ïK¬vØv`kxi ivwÎ
M cÖZvc‡K o myfv‡K K evYxKÉ L g‡bvni M gwY o cÖZvc
M Agvem¨vi ivwÎ N mvaviY ivwÎ
51. wbR©b wØcÖn‡ii g‡Zv kãnxb †K? 73. kn‡ii GK-AvaUv M„nm¤úK©nxb miKvwi
evMv‡bi mv‡_ Kvi mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q? 94. myfv Ni †_‡K †ei n‡q †Kv_vq jywU‡q c‡o?
K cÖZvc o myfv
K †MvqvjN‡i L evMv‡b
M evYxKÉ N my‡Kwkbx o cÖZv‡ci L my‡Kwkbxi
M †ZuZzjZjvq o b`xZ‡U
52. myfvi MÖv‡gi bvg Kx? M evYxK‡Éi N gwYK‡Éi
74. cÖZv‡ci cÖavb kL Kx? 95. myfv Ni †_‡K †ei n‡q b`xZ‡U wM‡q jywU‡q
K k¨vgcyi o PÐxcyi
K †Ljvayjv Kiv o wQc †d‡j gvQ aiv
c‡o †Kb?
M P›`bcyi N P¤úKcyi
K b`xi cÖwZ iv‡M L K_v ej‡Z bv cvivq
53. PÐxcyi MÖv‡gi b`xwUi mv‡_ wK‡mi mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q? M Ny‡i †eov‡bv N Mí Kiv
o KjKvZvq †h‡Z Pvq bv ZvB
K KwP wKkj‡qi L ¯^”Q cÙvi 75. ÔmyfvÕ Mí Abymv‡i mn‡R A‡bK mgq KvUv‡bv
N cÖZv‡ci Ici ivM K‡i
o M„n¯’N‡ii †g‡qi N gvqvex †Pv‡Li hvq Kxfv‡e?
54. PÐxcyi MÖv‡gi cvk w`‡q e‡q hvIqv b`xwU †Kgb? K Ny‡i †ewo‡q L Mí K‡i kãv_© I UxKvcvVëB; c„ôv 15
K eo o wQc †d‡j gvQ a‡i N †Ljvayjv K‡i 96. ÔwSwjøieÕ A_© Kx?
o Lye †ewk cÖmvwiZ bq 76. wQc †d‡j gvQ aiv Kvi cÖavb kL wQj? [Aby 1] o wSuwSu †cvKvi AvIqvR
M †QvU K myfvwlYxi L evYxK‡Éi Lkã
N Lye †ewk Mfxi bq M my‡Kwkbxi o cÖZv‡ci M cvwLi WvK N ev‡Ni WvK
55. b`xi G‡Kev‡i Dc‡iB Kvi Ni? 77. KLb cÖZvc‡K gvQ ai‡Z †`Lv hvq? 97. Ôg~KÕ ej‡Z †evSvq
K cÖZvc‡ì L †MuvmvB‡ì K mKv‡j o Aciv‡nœ M c~e©v‡nœ N iv‡Z K AÜ L †Pnvivnxb
o evYxK‡Éi N B›`ªwRr‡ì 78. gvQ aivi mgq †Kgb m½x me©v‡cÿv †kÖô? o †evev N Amnvq
K PvjvK o evK¨nxb 98. Puv‡ì cwic~Y© iƒc nIqvi mgq‡K Kx e‡j?
56. evYxK‡Éi evwoi †eov wK‡mi?
M Ajm N evPvj K ïK¬vØv`kx L PZz`©kx
o euvLvwii L Kv‡Vi
M wU‡bi N †jvnvi
79. cÖZvc AwZwi³ Avì ms‡hvM K‡i myfv‡K Kx M GKv`kx o c~wY©gv wZw_
57. evYxK‡Éi evwowU †Kgb? e‡j WvKZ? 99. ÔMÐ‡`kÕ A_© Kx?
o my L myfvlx M fvlx N mybx K Mjv o Mvj M gv_v N nvZ
K GKPvjv L †`vPvjv
80. myfv †Kv_vq e‡m cÖZv‡ci gvQ aiv †`LZ? 100. Ô†bÎcjøeÕ ej‡Z Kx †evS?
o AvUPvjv N gvwUi
K AvgZjvq L RvgZjvq o †Pv‡Li cvZv L bqb
58. evYxK‡Éi evwowU Kv‡ì `„wó AvKl©Y K‡i?
o †ZuZzjZjvq N eKzjZjvq M Mv‡Qi cvZv N nv‡Zi cvZv
K K…l‡Ki L MÖvgevmxi
81. cÖZv‡ci Rb¨ myfv Kx wb‡q AvmZ?
o †bŠKvevnxi N †R‡j‡ì cvV cwiwPwZ cvVëB; c„ôv 16
K Lvevi o cvb M ZvgvK N ûuKv
59. ÔKvRK‡g© hLwb Aemi cvq ZLwb †m GB b`xZx‡i 82. myfv g‡b g‡b Kx cÖv_©bv KiZ? 101. ÔmyfvÕ MíwU iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii †Kvb MÖš’ †_‡K
Avwmqv e‡m|Õ Kvi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q? K Lvevi L Avì msKwjZ?
K evYxK‡Éi o myfvi M ggZv o A‡jŠwKK ÿgZv o Mí¸”Q L gvbmx
M cÖZv‡ci N myfvi gv‡qi 83. myfv RjKzgvix n‡j Kx KiZ? M ejvKv N wewPÎ cÖeÜ
60. cÖK…wZ Kvi fvlvi Afve c~iY K‡i †`q? K cÖZvc‡K wQ‡c gvQ †Mu‡_ w`Z 102. †g‡qi †evev nIqvi wcQ‡b myfvi gv Kvi †`vl †`b?
K cÖZv‡ci o myfvwlYxi L K_v ejZ K myfvi L myfvi evevi
M mynvwmbxi N my‡Kwkbxi M fv‡jv †cvkvK ciZ o wbqwZi N c~eR © ‡š§i
61. myfvi n‡q K_v e‡j †K? o GKUv gwY cÖZv‡ci Rb¨ Nv‡U †i‡L w`Z 103. wecyj wbe©vK cÖK…wZi Kv‡Q †m cvq gyw³i
K myfvi gv L myfvi wcZv 84. ÔmyfvÕ Mí Abymv‡i cvZv‡ji AÆvwjKv wK‡mi ˆZwi? Avb›` †m †K?
o cÖK…wZ N b`x o iæcvi L †mvbvi M wcZ‡ji N Zvgvi K cÖZvc o myfv M my‡Kwkbx N evYxKÉ
62. ÔmyfvÕ Mí Abymv‡i cÖK…wZi kã Ges wewPÎ MwZ Kx? 85. cvZv‡ji iæcvi AÆvwjKvq wK‡mi cvj¼? 104. iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi ÔmyfvÕ MíwUi ga¨ w`‡q cÖwZeÜx
K A‡Üi †PvL o †evevi fvlv o †mvbvi L iæcvi gvby‡li AvkÖ‡qi Rb¨ Kx ˆZwi K‡i‡Qb?
M myfvi K_v N cÖK…wZi AvZ©bv` M Zvgvi N wcZ‡ji o RMr L evwo M †`k N ¯^cœ
eûc`x mgvwßm~PK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 111. cÖZvc m¤ú‡K© mZ¨ n‡jv 116. gwR©bvi g‡a¨ myfvi †h êwkó¨ jÿYxq, Zv n‡jv
i. †m abxi mšÍvb K BZi cÖvYxi cÖwZ AvbyMZ¨ cÖKvk
105. evYxK‡Éi ï®‹ K‡cv‡j AkÖæ Mwo‡q c‡owQj †Kb?
[Aby 2] ii. †m Ajm cÖK…wZi †Q‡j L GKvwK‡Z¡i mvw_ BZi cÖvYx
i. myfv‡K we‡q †`‡eb e‡j iii. gvQ aiv Zvi †bkv o BZi cÖvYxi cÖwZ ggZ¡‡eva
ii. myfv K_v ej‡Z cv‡i bv e‡j wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? N mevi †_‡K wb‡R‡K Avov‡j ivLv
iii. †g‡qwUi fwel¨r †f‡e K i I ii L i I iii o ii I iii N i, ii I iii 117. DÏxc‡Ki g~jfve ÔmyfvÕ M‡íi †Kvb ev‡K¨
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 112. myfv weavZvi Kv‡Q A‡jŠwKK ÿgZv cÖv_©bv K‡i cÖwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q?
i. cÖZv‡ci g‡bv‡hvM AvKl©Y Kivi Rb¨ i. w`‡b wZbevi †MvqvjN‡i hvIqv
K i I ii o i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
ii. cÖZvc‡K wb‡Ri cÖwZcÿ †`Lv‡Z ii. `yB evû Øviv Mjv Rwo‡q aiv
106. †h K_v Kq bv †m †h Abyfe K‡i Bnv mK‡ji
iii. cÖZvc‡K wb‡Ri e‡k Avbvi Rb¨ iii. gv‡S gv‡S Zv‡ì‡K fr©mbv Kiv
g‡b nq bv G ev‡K¨ cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
i. evK&cÖwZeÜxi cÖwZ mgv‡Ri gvby‡li Ae‡njv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
o i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii
ii. †h K_v ej‡Z cv‡i bv ZviI Abyfe kw³ i‡q‡Q oi L i I ii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
113. Ô†jv‡KI wb›`v Avi¤¢ Kwiqv‡Q|Õ G ev‡Kï ga¨  DÏxcKwU c‡o 118 I 119bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
iii. wbe©vK cÖvYxi cÖwZ ggZ¡‡eva
nVvr †cQ‡b †P‡q †`wL GKwU KzKzi Avgvi
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? w`‡q cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q
†cQ‡b P‡j‡Q|... ejjvg Z‡e Avq Avgvi
o i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii i. Kb¨vfviMÖ¯Í wcZvi Ae¯’v
m‡½... evwoi m¤§y‡L G‡m †cuŠQjvg| †MU Ly‡j
107. myfv weavZvi Awfkvciƒ‡c wcZvi N‡i Rš§MÖnY ii. mgv‡Ri gvby‡li wPšÍv-†PZbv
w`‡q WvKjvg| †fZ‡i Avq|
K‡i‡Q, GK_v myfv wkïKvj †_‡K Rv‡b iii. myfvi Ae¯’v
[Z_¨m~Î : AwZw_i ¯§„wZ kirP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq]
i. gv‡qi wei³ nIqv †`‡L wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 118. DÏxc‡Ki K_‡Ki mv‡_ ÔmyfvÕ M‡íi Kvi wgj i‡q‡Q?
ii. mK‡ji K_v ï‡b o i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K my‡Kwkbxi L mynvwmbxi
iii. mK‡ji `ywðšÍv †`‡L 114. myfv b`xZ‡U k®úkh¨vq jywU‡q coj, KviY M myeY©vi o myfvi
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? i. b`x Zvi †QvU‡ejvi m½x 119. G wg‡ji KviY
K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii o i, ii I iii ii. b`xi bxieZvi Avi Zvi bxieZv wg‡jwg‡k i. BZi cÖvYxi cÖwZ fv‡jvevmv
108. Kv‡jv †PvL‡K ZR©gv Ki‡Z nq bv, KviY GKvKvi n‡q hvq ii. BZi cÖvYxi hZœ Kiv
i. g‡bi K_v †Pv‡Li Ici Qvqv †d‡j iii. b`xi k~b¨Zvi g‡a¨ wb‡Ri wbe©vK `ytL¸‡jv iii. †cvlv cÖvYxi cÖwZ Lvivc AvPiY
ii. †PvL nv‡m wgwk‡q w`‡Z cv‡i wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
iii. fve wb‡R †_‡K G‡m †Pv‡L aiv †`q wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? o i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii o i, ii I iii  DÏxcKwU c‡o 120 I 121bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
K i I ii o i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 115. myfvi mv‡_ mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q Avwid mv‡n‡ei `yB cyÎ, GK Kb¨v| `yB cyÎ
109. cÖK…wZi mv‡_ myfvi mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q i. cÖK…wZi ii. b`xi cov‡jLvq Lye fv‡jv, wKš‘ †g‡qwU †Pv‡L
i. wewea k‡ã iii. cÖZv‡ci †`L‡Z cvq bv| w`b w`b †m hZ eo n‡”Q
ii. wewPÎ MwZ‡Z wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? Avwid mv‡ne ZZ `ywðšÍvMÖ¯Í n‡q co‡Qb|
iii. bxieZvq o i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 120. DÏxc‡Ki Avwid mv‡ne ÔmyfvÕ M‡íi Kvi
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? cÖwZwbwaZ¡ K‡ib?
K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii o i, ii I iii Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi o evYxK‡Éi L †MuvmvB‡ì
110. †evev cÖK…wZ Ges †evev †g‡q gy‡LvgywL Pzc K‡i  DÏxcKwU c‡o 116 I 117bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : M myfvi †ev‡bi N cÖZv‡ci wcZvi
e‡m _vKZ, hLb †mB †QvÆ‡ejvq gwR©bv GKwU weovj I GKwU 121. Dfq wcZvi gv‡S †hme wel‡qi wgj i‡q‡Q
i. mg¯Í cÖK…wZ mie _vKZ KzKzi Qvbv G‡bwQj| bvg w`‡q‡Q cywl Avi i. Df‡qiB mšÍvb cÖwZeÜx
ii. hLb †Kv_vI †KD _vKZ bv cyUz| AvR cywl Avi cyUz cy‡ivcywi eo n‡q‡Q| ii. Df‡qB `ywðšÍvMÖ¯Í
iii. hLb mevB wekÖv‡g _vKZ bvg a‡i WvK‡j gyn~‡Z©B nvwRi nq| cywl iii. Df‡qB my¯’ Kb¨vi wcZv
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? †Kv‡j D‡V e‡m wKš‘ cyUz GKUz `~‡i ùvwo‡q wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K i I ii L i I iii o ii I iii N i, ii I iii †jR bvovq| [Aby 3-4] o i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M`¨ 02 eB cov  cÖg_ †PŠayix

cvVëB we‡kølY 131. †W‡gv‡µwmi ¸iæiv Kx †P‡qwQ‡jb?
g~jcvVcvVëB; c„ôv 28-32 A_ev, †W‡gv‡µwmi ¸iæiv Kx Ki‡Z †P‡qwQ‡jb?
mvaviY eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 126. cÖg_ †PŠayixi g‡Z Avgiv wK‡mi im Dc‡fvM o mKj‡K mgvb Ki‡Z L mKj‡K eo Ki‡Z
Ki‡Z cÖ¯‘Z bB? M mKj‡K `gb Ki‡Z N mKj‡K †QvU Ki‡Z
†jLK cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 28 K Ag„Z im o mvwn‡Zï im 132. cÖg_ †PŠayixi g‡Z, Avgv‡ì wkwÿZ mgv‡Ri
122. cÖg_ †PŠayixi wkÿvRxeb wQj M my‡Li im N d‡ji im †jvjyc`„wó AvRI wK‡mi Ici c‡o i‡q‡Q?
K `ywe©ln o K…wZZ¡c~Y© 127. wK‡mi Øviv Avgv‡ì Mv‡qi R¡vjv I †Pv‡Li Rj K m¤§v‡bi o A‡_©i
M mv`vwm‡a N Uvbvc‡o‡bi `yB-B `~i n‡Z cv‡i? M cÖwZcwËi N m¤ú‡ì
123. ÔmeyR cÎÕ †K m¤úv`bv Ki‡Zb? K eëmvq o mvwnZ¨PP©v/wkÿv
133. mvwn‡Z¨ cvIqv hvq
K iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi M Dcvmbv N †Ljvayjv
K Ávb-weÁv‡bi mvÿvr
L KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg
128. wkÿvi gvnvZ¥¨ Kx?
L Rxeb I g„Zzï mvÿvr
o ¯^wkwÿZ nIqv L eo †Kv‡bv PvKwi Kiv
M diiæL Avng` o gvby‡li cy‡iv g‡bi mvÿvr
M UvKvcqmv †ivRMvi Kiv
o cÖg_ †PŠayix N gvby‡li AvswkK g‡bi mvÿvr
N †LZve AR©b Kiv
124. Kvi †bZ…‡Z¡ evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ bZzb M`äviv m~wPZ nq? 134. gbM½vi †Zvjv Rj †KvbwU?
129. †K mvwn‡Zï mv_©KZv †ev‡S bv, †ev‡S ïay
K Ck¦iP›`ª we`¨vmvMi K agx©q kv¯¿ L mvwnwZ¨K iPbv
A‡_©i mv_©KZv?
L iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi o `k©b-weÁvb N M‡elYv MÖš’
K AwkwÿZ gvbyl L wkwÿZ gvbyl
o cÖg_ †PŠayix 135. wkÿv wel‡q †jL‡Ki wek¦vm m¤ú‡K© wb‡Pi
o †W‡gv‡µwm N K‡jR co–qv weØvb
N gvwbK e‡›`¨vcva¨vq 130. †W‡gv‡µwmi ¸iæ‡ì m‡½ wkl¨‡ì we‡iva †Kv_vq? †Kvb hyw³wU mg_©b‡hvM¨?
125. ÔcÖg_ †PŠayixi †bZ…‡Z¡B evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ bZzb M`äviv ¸iæiv Pv‡”Qb mgvb Ki‡Z, wklïv Pv‡”Qb eo n‡Z K eBc‡Î wkÿv wbwnZ i‡q‡Q
m~wPZ nq|Õ GLv‡b ÔbZzb M`ävivÕ ej‡Z †evSvq L ¸iæiv Pv‡”Qb eo Ki‡Z, wklïv Pv‡”Qb mgvb n‡Z L wkÿv e¨ZxZ Rxeb P‡j bv
K mvayixwZ o PwjZixwZ M ¸iæiv Pv‡”Qb MYZš¿, wklïv Pv‡”Qb mgvRZš¿ o wkÿv †KD KvD‡K w`‡Z cv‡i bv
M AvÂwjK ixwZ N wgkÖ ixwZ N ¸iæiv Pv‡”Qb ivR`Ð, wklïv Pv‡”Qb A_©-weË N wkÿv gvbyl‡K A_©weË G‡b †`q
136. ÔeB covÕ cÖe‡Ü †jLK jvB‡eªwi‡K wK‡mi 147. Áhviv cvm Ki‡Z cv‡iwb ZvivB †`k‡K iÿv 157. ÔeB covÕ cÖe‡Üi †jL‡Ki g‡Z Rxeb‡K my›ì I
Ici ¯’vb w`‡q‡Qb? [Aby. 1] K‡i‡Q|Ó K_vwU †Kvb †`k m¤ú‡K© ejv n‡q‡Q? gnr Kivi cÖ¯Íve A‡b‡Ki Kv‡Q g‡b nq
K nvmcvZv‡ji o ¯‹zj-K‡j‡Ri K ivwkqv o d«vÝ M bvB‡Rwiqv N hy³ivóª i. hš¿Yv`vqK ii. wbg©g
M A_©-we‡Ëi N Ávbx gvby‡li 148. †jLK cÖg_ †PŠayixi g‡Z †KvbwU mvÿvrfv‡e iii. wbi_©K
137. mywkwÿZ †jvK gvÎB Dìc~wZ©i Kv‡R jv‡M bv? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K weØvb L Av‡jg M cwÐZ o ¯^wkwÿZ mvwnZ¨ L jvB‡eªwi Ki L ii o ii I iii N i, ii I iii
138. ¯^wkwÿZ ej‡Z †evSvq [Aby. 2] M wkÿv N Rxebxkw³ 158. evOvwj‡ì aviYv, wkÿv Zv‡ì
149. ÔeB covÕ cÖe‡Ü mvaviY wek¦v‡m Kv‡ì‡K Ajm i. Mv‡qi R¡vjv `~i Ki‡e
o m„RbkxjZv AR©b L eyw×i RvMiY
ejv n‡q‡Q? ii. †Pv‡Li Rj `~i Ki‡e
M mvwU©wd‡KU AR©b N D”P wkÿv AR©b
K hviv A_© DcvR©‡b wegyL iii. ag© PP©v †_‡K ewÂZ Ki‡e
139. ÔRxe‡bi mv‡_ m¤úK©nxb we`¨v c½yÕ G Dw³wUi wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
 hviv †¯^”Qvq eB c‡o
mv‡_ wb‡Pi †KvbwUi fveMZ HK¨ i‡q‡Q? Ki L ii o i I ii N i, ii I iii
M hviv †jLvcovq Drmvnx bq
K †¯^”Qvq eB co‡j Zv‡K wb®‹g©vi `‡j †d‡j †`B 159. cÖg_ †PŠayixi g‡Z mvwnZ¨PP©v wkÿvi me©cÖavb
N hviv Kg©wegyL
L h_v_© wkwÿZ n‡j g‡bi cÖmvi N‡U A½ n‡jI
o mywkwÿZ †jvK gvÎB ¯^wkwÿZ
150. g‡bi `vwe iÿv bv Ki‡j Kx euv‡P bv
i. G wkÿvi dj nv‡Z nv‡Z cvIqv hvq bv
K Rxeb o AvZ¥v M gbyl¨Z¡ N we‡eK
N g‡bviv‡Rï `vb MÖnYmv‡cÿ ii. G wkÿvi dj ZvrÿwYK bq
140. cÖg_ †PŠayixi g‡Z g‡bviv‡Rï Hk¦‡h©i mÜvb 151. Ôe¨vwaB msµvgK, ¯^v¯’¨ bq|Õ GB Dw³wU †Kvb iii. G wkÿvi †Kv‡bv evRviì †bB
w`‡Z cv‡i †K? cÖm‡½ Kiv n‡q‡Q? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K Avgv‡ì Kz-Af¨vm cÖm‡½ Ki L ii M ii I iii o i, ii I iii
o wkÿK L mvwnwZ¨K
L Avgv‡ì †ivMe¨vwa cÖm‡½
M we`¨v`vZv N mywkwÿZ †jvK
141. ÔAvgiv `vZvi gyL †P‡q MÖnxZvi K_vUv M Avgv‡ì Kzms¯‹vi cÖm‡½ Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
o Avgv‡ì wkÿvi `„wófw½i cÖm‡½  DÏxcKwU c‡o 160 I 161bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
G‡Kev‡iB fz‡j hvB|Õ GLv‡b Ô`vZv I MÖnxZvÕ
ej‡Z †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q kãv_© I UxKvcvVëB; c„ôv 32 Ôcwo‡j eB Av‡jvwKZ nq
bv cwo‡j eB AÜKv‡i iq|Õ [Aby. 3-4]
K †jLK I cvVK‡K L Ávbx I g~L©‡K 152. ÔDØvûÕ K_vwUi A_© Kx? 160. DÏxcKwUi fvev_© ÔeB covÕ cÖe‡Üi †Kvb
o wkÿK I QvÎ‡K N gnvRb I LvZK‡K K Avn¬v‡` nvZ ¸Uv‡bv o EaŸ© evû Pi‡Y we`¨gvb?
142. h_v_© ¸iæi KvR Kx? M EaŸ© Avq N EaŸ© nvZ K Áv‡bi fvÐvi a‡bi fvÐvi bq
K wkÿv_x©‡K cov‡jLvi cÖwZ AvMÖnx Kiv 153. ÔMZvmyÕ k‡ãi AvwfavwbK A_© Kx? L wkÿv †KD KvD‡K w`‡Z cv‡i bv
o wk‡lï AvZ¥v‡K D‡ØvwaZ Kiv o g„Z L giYkxj M MZvbyMwZK N MZKvj o mywkwÿZ †jvK gvÎB ¯^wkwÿZ
M wkl¨‡K Dchy³ gvbyliƒ‡c M‡o †Zvjv N Avgv‡ì evRv‡i we`¨v`vZvi Afve †bB
N wkl¨‡K †bvU K‡i †Ìqv
cvV cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 32 161. DÏxcKwUi fvev_© ÔeB covÕ cÖe‡Üi †h fve‡K
143. wkÿ‡Ki mv_©KZv †Kv_vq? 154. ÔeB covÕ cÖeÜwUi iPwqZv †K? wb‡`©k K‡i Zv n‡jv
K g‡bv‡hvMx K‡i †Zvjvq K gybxi †PŠayix i. ÁvbvR©‡bi gva¨‡g †gŠwjKZ¡ AR©b
o wkÿv AR©‡b QvÎ‡K mÿg Kivq/wk‡lï L †gvZv‡ni †nv‡mb †PŠayix ii. wkÿvh‡š¿i gva¨‡g weKwkZ nIqv
AvZ¥v‡K D‡ØvwaZ Kivq o cÖg_ †PŠayix iii. wkÿ‡Ki gva¨‡g weKwkZ nIqv
M wkÿv_©x‡K we`¨vj‡q †h‡Z Af¨¯Í Kivq N GqvKze Avjx †PŠayix wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
N wkÿv`vb Kivq 155. cÖg_ †PŠayix Avgv‡ì mvwnZ¨PP©vi Abf¨v‡mi o i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
144. wkl¨‡K we`¨vi mvabv Kxfv‡e Ki‡Z nq? KviY wn‡m‡e †KvbwU‡K `vqx K‡i‡Qb?  DÏxcKwU c‡o 162 I 163bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
K eB c‡o o wbR †Póvq o wkÿveë¯’vi ÎæwU‡K †kdvjx cwiev‡ii iÿYkxjZvi Kvi‡Y we`¨vj‡q
M AvZ¥¯’ K‡i N ¸iæi mnvqZvq L MYZš¿‡K †h‡Z bv cvivq cixÿvq AskMÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡iwb|
145. †Kvb mZ¨ ¯^xKvi Ki‡Z Avgiv KzwÉZ nB? M †W‡gv‡µwmi ¸iæ‡ì‡K ZvB †m evmvq e‡mB wkÿv MÖn‡Yi D‡`¨vM wb‡q‡Q|
N gvZvwcZvi D”Pvkv‡K KviY †m eB c‡o Rvb‡Z †c‡i‡Q, cÖK…Z wkwÿZ
k cvm Kiv I wkwÿZ nIqv GK e¯‘ bq
e¨w³iv wb‡Ri D‡`¨v‡MB wkÿv‡K AvZ¥¯’ K‡i myß
L mywkwÿZ †jvK gvÎB ¯^wkwÿZ
M we`¨vi mvabv wkl¨‡K wb‡R Ki‡Z nq
eûc`x mgvwßm~PK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi cÖwZfvi weKvk NwU‡q _v‡Kb|
162. †kdvjxi D‡`¨v‡Mi welqwU †Zvgvi cwVZ †Kvb
N gvbeRxe‡b wkÿv †mvbv djvq 156. ÔeB cov gvby‡li †kÖô kL n‡jI Avwg KvD‡K kL cÖe‡Üi cÖavb welq?
146. ÔeB covÕ cÖe‡Ü †mKv‡j Kviv d«vÝ‡K iÿv K‡i‡Q? wn‡m‡e eB co‡Z civgk© w`‡Z PvB‡b|Õ Gi KviY K wbixn evOvwj o eB cov
A_ev, †m hy‡M d«vÝ‡K Kviv iÿv K‡iwQj? i. civgk©‡K †KD MÖvn¨ Ki‡e bv e‡j M wkÿv I gbyl¨Z¡ N wbgMvQ
K hviv cÖPzi eB c‡o‡Q ii. civgk©‡K Kz-civgk© g‡b Ki‡e e‡j 163. †kdvjxi D‡`¨vM MÖnY‡K ÔeB covÕ cÖe‡Üi
L hviv cixÿvq fv‡jv dj K‡i‡Q iii. evOvwj civgk© cQ›` K‡i bv e‡j Av‡jv‡K Kx ejv hvq?
o hviv cixÿvq fv‡jv K‡iwb wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K mywkÿv o ¯^wkÿv
N hviv a¨vbgMœ n‡q jvB‡eªwi‡Z Aa¨qb K‡i‡Q o i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M cÖK…Z wkÿv N ˆbwZK wkÿv
M`¨ 03 AfvMxi ¯^M©  kirP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq

cvVëB we‡kølY 167. kirP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq g„ZzëiY K‡ib 169. ÔAfvMxi ¯^M©Õ M‡í VvKzi`vm gyLy‡hï ¯¿xi
o 1938 mv‡ji 16B Rvbyqvwi kehvÎv aygav‡gi mv‡_ Kiv n‡qwQj †Kb?
mvaviY eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi L 1938 mv‡ji 1jv Ryb o DuPz Rv‡Zi Kvi‡Y
†jLK cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 34 M 1938 mv‡ji 17 †m‡Þ¤î L wbPz Rv‡Zi Kvi‡Y
164. kirP‡›`ªi Rš§ KZ mv‡j? N 1938 mv‡ji 2 A‡±vei M gyLy‡hï wcÖq ¯¿x nIqvi Kvi‡Y
K 1848 L 1868 o 1876 N 1902 N eqm †ewk nIqvi Kvi‡Y
g~jcvVcvVëB; c„ôv 34-42
165. †i½y‡b GKvD›U¨v›U †Rbv‡i‡ji Awd‡m kirP›`ª 170. ÔAfvMxi ¯^M©Õ M‡í kehvÎv †`‡L Av‡iKevi
P‡Ævcva¨vq †Kvb c‡` PvKwi K‡ib? 168. ÔAfvMxi ¯^MÕ© M‡í VvKzi`vm gyLy‡hï elx©qmx
¯¿x gviv wM‡qwQj †Kvb †iv‡M? ¯^vgxM„‡n hvÎv Ki‡Q Ggb g‡b nIqvi KviY Kx?
K Awdmvi c‡` L GKvD›U¨v›U c‡`
K †L‡Z bv †c‡q o ke‡`‡ni mvRm¾v †`‡L
o †Kivwb c‡` N mnKvix Awdmvi c‡`
o R¡‡i L †jvKR‡bi KvbœvKvwU †`‡L
166. Ô†è`vmÕ I ÔkÖxKvšÍÕ MÖ‡š’i g‡a¨ mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q
K wel‡q L Pwi‡Î M K‡jivq M Kcv‡j wmu`yi †`‡L
o Avw½‡K N †cÖÿvc‡U N em‡šÍ N cv‡qi AvjZv †`‡L
171. KvOvjxi gv †Pv‡Li Rj gyQ‡Z gyQ‡Z †Kv_vq 189. KvOvjx wKQy Qyu‡q †d‡j‡Q wKbv GRb¨ Aai ivq
wM‡q Dcw¯’Z n‡jv? Kx Qwo‡q w`‡Z ej‡jb? eüc`x mgvwµ¦mƒPK eüwbeÆvPwb cÉGk²vîi
o k¥kv‡b L evRv‡i o †MveiRj L cyKz‡ii Rj 205. ÔAfvMxi ¯^M©Õ M‡í e„× gy‡Lvcva¨v‡qi `y‡duvUv
M evwo‡Z N gw›`‡i M †MvjvcRj N bjK‚‡ci Rj †Pv‡Li Rj
172. †Kvb b`xi Zx‡i k¥kvb NvU Aew¯’Z? [Aby. 1] 190. ÔAfvMxi ¯^M©Õ M‡í Aai Mv‡Qi `vg KZ UvKv PvBj? i. ¯¿x nviv‡bvi †e`bvi cÖZxK
K k•L o Miæo K `yB UvKv L wZb UvKv ii. m¤úwË wd‡i cvIqvi Avb‡›ì cÖZxK
M MovB N cÙv M Pvi UvKv o cuvP UvKv iii. nviv‡bv cyÎ wd‡i cvIqvi cÖZxK
173. gyLy‡hï ¯¿xi ¯^M©v‡ivnY †`‡L KvOvjxi gvi 191. ivLv‡ji gv KvOvjx‡K L‡oi AuvwU †R¡‡j wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
Ae¯’v †Kgb n‡jv? w`‡qwQj †Kb? oi L ii M iii N i I iii
K Zvi Kvbœv †cj o KvV cvqwb e‡j L AfvMxi B”Qvq 206. KvOvjxi gv †h †QvU RvZ GB welqwU dz‡U I‡V
L Avb‡›` AvZ¥nviv n‡jv M †QvU RvZ e‡j N GwZg e‡j
wb‡Pi †h cO&w³‡Z
M †`‡LB Ávb nvivj 192. ÔAfvMxi ¯^M©Õ M‡í KvOvjx ¯Íä n‡q †P‡q iBj i. ke‡`‡ni Kv‡Q †h‡Z cv‡i bv
o eyK dz‡j DV‡Z jvMj K †cQb cv‡b L mvg‡bi w`‡K ii. †e¸b Zz‡j nv‡U wewµ K‡i
174. ÔAfvMxi ¯^M©Õ M‡í KvOvjxi wL‡` †c‡qwQj KLb? M wb‡Pi w`‡K o EaŸ©`„‡ó
iii. kehvÎv †`‡L †kvKvZ© n‡jv
o `ycy‡i L iv‡Z M mKv‡j N mÜ¨vq
kãv_© I UxKvcvVëB; c„ôv 42 wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
175. ÔAfvMxi ¯^MÕ© M‡í AfvMxi bvg †K w`‡qwQj?
193. Ôelx©qmxÕ ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? oi L ii M i I ii N iii
K AfvMxi gv o AfvMxi evev
M AfvMxi `v`v N AfvMxi bvbv o AwZ e„× L el©c~wZ© Abyôvb 207. KvOvjxi AvPi‡Y cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q
M gaëq¯‹ N el©vi Abyôvb i. gv‡qi cÖwZ fv‡jvevmv
176. Ôev‡Ni Ab¨ evwNbx wQj|Õ GLv‡b evwNbx n‡jv
194. `y‡j Kviv? ii. gv‡qi cÖwZ `vwqZ¡
K KvOvjxi gv
o iwm‡Ki wØZxq ¯¿x o cvjwK enbKvix wn›`y m¤úÖ`vq we‡kl iii. gv‡qi mv‡_ PvjvwK
M gy‡Lvcva¨v‡qi ¯¿x L Kvgvi m¤úÖ`vq wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?

N gy‡Lvcva¨vq gnvk‡qi wØZxq ¯¿x M †R‡j m¤úÖ`vq Ki L ii o i I ii N i I iii
N Kz‡gvi m¤úÖ`vq 208. ÔAfvMxi ¯^MÕ© M‡í †jL‡Ki g~j e³e¨ dzwU‡q
177. ÔAfvMxi ¯^MÕ© M‡í iwmK g~jZ AfvMxi
K gvgv L PvPv o ¯^vgx N fvB
195. wb¯Íä k‡ãi mgv_©K kã †KvbwU? †Zvjv n‡q‡Q
o wbðj L †Kvjvnj M evPvj N mevK i. kehvÎvi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ †`wL‡q
178. ÔAfvMx Zvnvi AfvM¨ I wkïcyÎ KvOvjx‡K
jBqv MÖv‡gB cwoqv iBjÕ †Kb? cvV cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 42 ii. VvKzi`v‡mi KvbœvKvwU †`wL‡q
o ¯^vgx cwiZ¨³v nIqvq L ¯^vgx gviv hvIqvq iii. Rwg`v‡ii eënvi †`wL‡q
196. Ôkir mvwnZ¨mgMÖÕ MÖ‡š’i †Kvb LÐ †_‡K
M KvOvjxi evqbvi Kvi‡Y wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
ÔAfvMxi ¯^M©Õ bvgK MíwU msKjb Kiv n‡q‡Q?
N ¯^vgxi Kov wb‡`©‡k oi L ii M i I iii N ii I iii
o cÖ_g LÐ L wØZxq LÐ
179. KvOvjx m‡egvÎ wK‡mi KvR Ki‡Z Avi¤¢ K‡i‡Q? M Z…Zxq LÐ N PZz_© LÐ
o †e‡Zi KvR L Kv‡Vi KvR
Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
197. g„Zzï mgq KvOvjx Zvi evev‡K nvwRi Ki‡Z
M `wR©i KvR N Kvgv‡ii KvR  DÏxcKwU c‡o 209bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
cvi‡jI gv‡qi mrKvi Ki‡Z cv‡iwb †Kb?
180. AfvMx KvOvjx‡K †Kv_vq †h‡Z wb‡la Kij? o †QvU RvZ e‡j
ZK©iZœ Kwn‡jb avi wbwe ïawe Kxfv‡e? Mdzi
o Kv‡R L kehvÎvq L evev †`L‡Z bv cvivq ewjj, †hgb K‡i cvwi ïae evev VvKzi,
M gvgvevwo‡Z N `v`vi evwo‡Z M gv‡qi B”Qv wQj ZvB †Zvgv‡K duvwK †è bv| [Aby. 3]
181. AfvMx KvOvjx‡K Kv‡K a‡i Avb‡Z e‡j? N cÖwZ‡ekx‡ì evavq 209. ZK©iZœ ÔAfvMxi ¯^M©Õ M‡íi †Kvb Pwi‡Îi cÖwZwbwa?
K VvKzi`vm gyLy‡h¨‡K o wb‡Ri ¯^vgx‡K 198. ÔAfvMxi ¯^MÕ© M‡í KvOvjx n‡jv K VvKzi `vm gyLy‡R¨ L iwmK `y‡j
M evgyb gv‡K N bvc‡Z †eŠw`‡K K mvnmx L cÖwZev`x o †kvwlZ N A‡eva M `v‡ivqvbRx o Aai
182. KvOvjxi evev‡K AfvMx a‡i Avb‡Z e‡jwQj †Kb? 199. VvKzi`vm gy‡Lvcva¨vq ZrKvjxb mgv‡R Kv‡ì  DÏxcKwU c‡o 210 †_‡K 212bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
K kvw¯Í †Ìqvi Rb¨ L UvKv cv‡e e‡j cÖwZwbwaZ¡ K‡i? wknv‡ei evev †bB| gv ¯‹z‡j PvKwi K‡ib|
M m¤úwË wj‡L w`‡Z K awbK‡kÖwYi L ewYK‡kÖwYi mvivw`b ¯‹z‡j cwo‡q K¬všÍ n‡q evwo †d‡ib|
o cv‡qi ay‡jv †bIqvi Rb¨ M †fvMev`x †kÖwYi o mvgšÍ‡kÖwYi Zvici wZwb wknv‡ei Kv‡Q VvÛv cvwb †L‡Z
183. ÔAfvMxi ¯^M©Õ M‡í KweivR KqwU ewo w`‡qwQ‡jb? 200. ÔAfvMxi ¯^MÕ© M‡íi MwZkxj PwiÎ †KvbwU? Pvb| wknve A‡bK `~‡i eid Kj †_‡K eid
K wZbUv o PviUv M mvZUv N AvUUv K AfvMx G‡b gv‡K VvÛv cvwb LvIqvi eë¯’v K‡i †`q|
184. ÔAfvMxi ¯^M©Õ M‡í bvc‡Z †eŠwì KvQ †_‡K o KvOvjx
210. DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ †Zvgvi cov †Kvb iPbvi wgj Av‡Q?
KvOvjx‡K AfvMx Kx wb‡q Avm‡Z ejj? M iwmK `y‡j
K ÔAvg AuvwUi †fucy L wbgMvQ
o AvjZv L kvwo M Pvj N byb N VvKzi`vm gy‡Lvcva¨vq
185. AfvMx iwmK `y‡ji cv‡qi ayjv PvBj †Kb? o AfvMxi ¯^M© N cvjv‡gŠ
201. Kvi K_vwU KvOvjxi ey‡K wM‡q Zx‡ii g‡Zv weuaj?
o ¯^M©evmx nIqvi Rb¨ L cweÎ nIqvi Rb¨ K Aai iv‡qi L `v‡ivqv‡bi 211. DÏxc‡Ki wknve PwiÎwU D³ M‡íi †Kvb
M kÖ×vekZ N †Kv‡bv KviY QvovB o ivLv‡ji gv‡qi N wew›ì wcwmi Pwi‡Îi cÖwZwbwaZ¡ K‡i?
186. iwmK †ej MvQwU Kx Kv‡R eënvi Ki‡Z 202. KvOvjxi gv †KvbwU‡K ¯^‡M©i i_ †f‡ewQj? K iwmK `y‡j L Rwg`vi
†P‡qwQj? [Aby. 2] K Av¸b‡K L AvjZv‡K M wew›ì wcwm o KvOvjx
o AfvMxi ke`vn L Nievwo ˆZwi M wPZvi KvV‡K o †auvqv‡K 212. D³ M‡íi †h welqwU DÏxc‡K dz‡U D‡V‡Q
M ivbœvi KvV msMÖn N KvOvjxi Rb¨ 203. Rwg`v‡ii †Mvg¯Ívi bvg Kx? i. gv‡qi cÖwZ mšÍv‡bi fv‡jvevmv
187. ÔAfvMxi ¯^M©Õ M‡í KzwUi cÖv½‡Y Kx MvQ Av‡Q? o Aai ivq L fÆvPvh©
ii. gv‡qi cÖwZ mšÍv‡bi KZ©e¨‡eva
K Zvj L eiB o †ej N RjcvB M cuv‡o N gy‡Lvcva¨vq
iii. gv‡qi FY cwi‡kva
188. ÔAfvMxi ¯^MÕ© M‡í †K ¯’vbxq †jvK bq? 204. KvOvjx wK‡mi Afv‡e gv‡qi mrKvi Ki‡Z cv‡iwb?
K iwmK `y‡j L VvKzi`vm gyLy‡h¨ K P›`‡bi Afv‡e o Kv‡Vi Afv‡e wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M wew›ì gv o Rwg`vi M ¯’v‡bi Afv‡e N eªvþ‡Yi Afv‡e oi L i I ii M i I iii N ii I iii
M`¨ 04 cwjømvwnZ¨  gyn¤§` knx`yjøvn

cvVëB we‡kølY 226. ÔwKš‘ nvq! G Kv‡Ri Rb¨ †¯^”Qv‡meK `j 239. cwjømvwn‡Zï Dcv`vb¸‡jvi g‡a¨ †KvbwU‡Z
KB?Õ GLv‡b †Kvb Kv‡Ri K_v ejv n‡q‡Q? RvwZi HwZnvwmK Z_¨ jÿ Kiv hvq?
mvaviY eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi k evsjvi cÖ‡Z¨K cwjø †_‡K †jvKmvwnZ¨ K b‡U MvQwU gy‡ov‡jv L Kjv iæ‡q bv
msMÖn I cÖKvk Kiv Avgvi K_vwU dz‡iv‡jv †K‡Uv cvZ
†jLK cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 49 L we‡`wk mvwnZ¨ msMÖn Kiv M GKnvZ †evjøv evi nvZ Zv‡ZB Kvco
213. gyn¤§` knx`yjøvn& KZ wLªóv‡ã Rš§MÖnY K‡ib? M kû‡i mvwnZ¨ cÖKvk Kiv wks Zv‡ZB fvZ
k 1885 L 1890 N AvaywbK Mí¸‡jv cÖKvk Kiv D‡o hvq †evjøv av k †Q‡j Nygv‡jv
M 1910 N 1912 227. cwjøi mvwnZ¨-m¤ú‡ì g‡a¨ Rvwi, mvwi I wZs wZs cvov Ryov‡jv
214. gyn¤§` knx`yjøvn&i Ab¨Zg KvjRqx m¤úv`bv fvwUqvwj Mvb¸‡jv ewM© G‡jv †`‡k
MÖš’ †KvbwU? K cÖvPxb iZœm¤ú` k Ag~j¨ iZœwe‡kl 240. Ôwcu‡oq e‡m †cu‡ovi Lei|Õ G cÖev` evK¨wU
K evsjv mvwn‡Zï K_v M AvaywbK iZœwe‡kl N †kŠwLb iZœwe‡kl †Kvb mg‡qi K_v g‡b Kwi‡q †`q?
k evsjv‡`‡ki AvÂwjK fvlvi Awfavb 228. AvaywbK wkÿvi Kg©bvkv †mÖv‡Zi AZj M‡f© K hLb gywk©`vev` e‡½i ivRavbx wQj
M ev½vjv fvlvi e¨vKiY Zwj‡q hv‡”Q Kx? [Aby 1]  k hLb cvÐyqv e‡½i ivRavbx wQj
N evsjv fvlvi BwZe„Ë k DcK_v L cÖev` M Qov N cwjøMvb M hLb Rvnv½xibMi e‡½i ivRavbx wQj
215. W. gyn¤§` knx`yjøvn& K‡e g„ZyëiY K‡ib? 229. cwjømvwn‡Zï †Kvb DcKiY‡K cÖvewÜK my`~i N hLb †MŠo e‡½i ivRavbx wQj
K 1932 wLªóv‡ãi 9 wW‡m¤î AZx‡Zi mvÿxiƒ‡c MY¨ K‡i‡Qb? 241. ÔcwjømvwnZ¨Õ cÖe‡Ü e‡½i ivRavbx cvÐyqvi
L 1969 wLªóv‡ãi 6 Ryb K DcK_v‡K kiƒcK_v‡K mgKvjxb mg‡qi K_v dz‡U D‡V‡Q †Kvb
k 1969 wLªóv‡ãi 13 RyjvB M cÖev`-cÖePb‡K N Lbvi ePb‡K welqwU cÖ‡qv‡Mi gva¨‡g?
N 1970 wLªóv‡ãi 6 AvM÷ 230. †KvbwU bó n‡q AZx‡Zi m‡½ Avgv‡ì m¤^Ü k wcu‡oq e‡m †cu‡ovi Lei
†jvc K‡i w`‡”Q? L awi gvQ bv QyuB cvwb
g~jcvV cvVëB; c„ôv 49-52
K DcK_v k iƒcK_v M Avcwb euvP‡j ev‡ci bvg
216. ÔcwjømvwnZ¨Õ cÖe‡Ü †Kvb cvwLi K_v D‡jøL M cwjøMxwZ N Lbvi ePb N bvP‡Z bv Rvb‡j DVvb euvKv
Kiv n‡q‡Q? 231. Ôeo eo weØvb‡ì mfv Av‡Q, hv‡K ejv nq 242. ÔcwjømvwnZ¨Õ cÖe‡Ü DwjøwLZ Ôwcu‡oq e‡m
 k †KvwKj, †`v‡qj, cvwcqv Folklore Society.' †cu‡ovi LeiÕ cÖev`wU m¤ú‡K© wb‡Pi †Kvb
L KvK, wPj, †KvwKj †Kvb †`‡k Folklore Society Av‡Q? hyw³wU mg_©b‡hvM¨?
M kKzb, cvwcqv, KvK K Gwkqvq, Rvcv‡b L fvi‡Z, kÖxj¼vq k e‡½i ivRavbx hLb cvÐyqv wQj ZLbKvi
N †`v‡qj, kKzb, eyjeywj  k BD‡iv‡c, Av‡gwiKvq N Px‡b, gvjØx‡c K_v g‡b Kwi‡q †`q
217. cwjøi ci‡Z ci‡Z †KvbwU Qwo‡q Av‡Q? 232. Folklore Society BD‡ivc, Av‡gwiKvi L e‡½i ivRavbx hLb †MŠo wQj ZLbKvi
K bvUK L cÖeÜ M cÖnmb k mvwnZ¨ k weØvb‡ì mfv L DbœZ mgvR K_v g‡b Kwi‡q †`q
218. cwjøi ci‡Z ci‡Z jy°vwqZ mvwnZ¨ wb‡q M cyi‡bv mgvR N AvaywbK mf¨ mgvR M e‡½i ivRavbx hLb gywk©`vev` wQj
gyn¤§` knx`yjøvn& iwPZ cÖe‡Üi bvg 233. ÔVvKzigvi SzwjÕ-i †jLK/iPwqZv †K? ZLbKvi K_v g‡b Kwi‡q †`q
K cwjøK_v L cwjøMv‡bi BwZK_v K W. `x‡bkP›`ª †mb L cÖg_ †PŠayix N e‡½i ivRavbx hLb b`xqvq wQj ZLbKvi
k cwjømvwnZ¨ N cwjøRxeb k `wÿYviÄb wgÎ gRyg`vi K_v g‡b Kwi‡q †`q
219. †Kv_vq evm K‡i Avgiv fz‡j hvB evqy mvM‡i N ew¼gP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq 243. Ò†iv` n‡”Q, cvwb n‡”Q, †LuKwkqvjxi we‡q
Avgiv Wz‡e AvwQ? 234. evsjv‡`‡ki mg¯Í DcK_v GK RvqMvq R‡ov n‡”Q|Ó  GUv †Kvb ai‡bi mvwnZ¨?
K N‡ii g‡a¨ L Zuveyi g‡a¨ Ki‡j †hwUi g‡Zv K‡qK evjv‡g msKzjvb k Qov L Mvb M MRj N KweZv
 k evZv‡mi g‡a¨ N Av‡jvi g‡a¨ n‡Zv bv, †mwU 244. ÔG¸wj mim cÖv‡Yi RxešÍ DrmÕ  †Kvb¸‡jv?
220. ÔcwjømvwnZ¨Õ gv‡b k wek¦‡Kvl L wek¦fvÐvi k Qov I Mvb L Qov I Mr
k †h mvwn‡Zï me Dcv`vb cwjø †_‡K cÖvß M wek¦MÖš’ N wek¦wewPÎv M iƒcK_v I DcK_v N cÖev` I cÖePb
L †h mvwn‡Zï AvswkK Dcv`vb cwjø †_‡K cÖvß 235. ÔEb el©vq `y‡bv kxZ|Õ Gi m‡½ mv`„k¨ 245. ÔcwjømvwnZ¨Õ cÖe‡Ü †Kvb¸‡jv‡K mim cÖv‡Yi
M †h mvwn‡Zï A‡a©K Dcv`vb cwjø †_‡K cÖvß i‡q‡Q †KvbwUi? RxešÍ Drm ejv n‡q‡Q?
N †h mvwn‡Z¨ cwjøi Dcv`vb †bB k Kjv iæ‡q bv †K‡Uv cvZ, Zv‡ZB Kvco K WvK I Lbvi ePb
221. †hLv‡b A‡bK eo mvwnZ¨ I mvwn‡Zï Zv‡ZB fvZ L cÖevèvK¨ I euvaveywj
DcKiY Qwo‡q Av‡Q, Zv cÖKv‡k wb‡Pi †Kvb L †iv` n‡”Q cvwb n‡”Q, †LuKwkqvjxi we‡q n‡”Q k Nygcvovbx Mvb I Qov
hyw³wU mg_©b‡hvM¨? M gb gvwS †Zvi êVv †b †i, Avwg Avi N cwjøMvb I iƒcK_v
k cvovMuv‡q L kn‡i evB‡Z cvijvg bv 246. cwjømvwnZ¨ m¤ú‡ì g‡a¨ †KvbwU Ag~j¨ iZœwe‡kl?
M e›`‡i N bM‡i N Avcwb euvP‡j ev‡ci bvg K DcK_v L Qov M cÖev` k cwjøMvb
222. ÒW±i `x‡bkP›`ª †mb msMÖn K‡i †`wL‡q‡Qb 236. ÔcwjømvwnZ¨Õ cÖe‡Ü †jLK mv_©K cÖevèvK¨ 247. cwjømvwn‡Zï †Kvb aviv‡K Ag~j¨ iZœwe‡kl
mvwn‡Zï Kx GK Ag~j¨ Lwb cwjøRbbxi ey‡K dzwU‡q Zz‡j‡Qb †Kvb welqwUi gva¨‡g? ejv nq?
jywK‡q Av‡Q|Ó Kx msMÖn K‡i †`wL‡q‡Qb? k awi gvQ, bv QyuB cvwb k cwjøMxwZ L cÖev`-cÖePb
 k ˆggbwmsn MxwZKv L †Ìqvbv gw`bv L bvB bvB UvKv bvB M ˆggbwmsn MxwZKv N Lbvi ePb
M iƒcK_v N DcK_v M LvB LvB fvZ LvB 248. ÒZv‡Z KZ †cÖg, KZ Mvb, KZ †mŠ›`h©, KZ
223. evsjv‡`‡ki Ab¨Zg †jvKMv_vi bvg Kx? N †iv` n‡”Q, cvwb n‡”Q †LuKwkqvjxi we‡q n‡”Q ZË¡Ávb IZ‡cÖvZfv‡e Rwo‡q Av‡QÓ wK‡m?
K †ZcvšÍi L MÖvg-MÖvgvšÍi 237. ÒKZ hy‡Mi f~‡qv`k©‡bi cwicK¡ dj mwÂZ k cwjøMv‡b L Qovq
M Av‡jvi wgwQj k ˆggbwmsn MxwZKv n‡q Av‡Q, †K Zv A¯^xKvi Ki‡Z cv‡i?Ó M Lbvi eP‡b N cÖeP‡b
224. †ivguv †ivjuv hvi iƒc‡mŠ›`‡h© gy» n‡q‡Qb wZwb †K? ÔcwjømvwnZ¨Õ cÖe‡Ü †jLK G K_vi cÖgvY 249. Ògb gvwS †Zvi êVv †b †i/ Avwg Avi evB‡Z
k gw`bv wewe L †g‡ni evby w`‡q‡Qb †Kvb welqwUi gva¨‡g? cvijvg bv|Ó GUv †Kvb ai‡bi Mvb?
M Lvqiæb my›ìx N gûqv K gvidwZ Mvb L fvwUqvwj Mvb K ivLvwj L RvwiMvb
225. ÔwKš‘ nvq! G Kv‡Ri Rb¨ †¯^”Qv‡meK `j k WvK I Lbvi ePb N iƒcK_v k gvidwZ Mvb N mvwiMvb
KB?Ñ gyn¤§` knx`yjøvn&i G nZvkv `~i n‡Z 238. RvwZi cyi‡bv BwZnv‡mi A‡bK †Mvcb K_vI 250. evsjv mvwn‡Zï Kq Avbv kû‡i mvwnZ¨?
cv‡i Kxfv‡e? [Aby 2] Lyu‡R cvIqv hvq †KvbwU‡Z? k c‡b‡iv Avbv L ev‡iv Avbv
K †¯^”Qv‡meK `j MVb K‡i K DcK_v I iƒcK_vq M Pvi Avbv N GK Avbv
L mfv-mwgwZ‡Z h_vh_ Dc¯’vcb K‡i k cÖev` evK¨, WvKv I Lbvi eP‡b 251. ivR-ivRovi K_v †Kvb mvwn‡Zï cÖZxK?
M †dvK‡jvi †mvmvBwU ¯’vcb K‡i M cwjøMv‡b k bvMwiK mvwn‡Zï L †jvKmvwn‡Zï
k RbmvaviY‡K m‡PZb K‡i N Qov I †Ljvi Mr-G  M cwjømvwn‡Zï N MÖvgxY mvwn‡Zï
252. Ò†m mvwn‡Z¨ Av‡Q ivR-ivRovi K_v, evey- 265. gvby‡li DrcwË I weKvk msµvšÍ weÁvb †KvbwU?
wewei K_v, †gvUiMvwoi K_v, weRwj evwZi K cÖZœZË¡ kb„ZË¡ Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
K_v, wm‡bgv w_‡qUv‡ii K_v, Pv‡qi evwU‡Z dzu M f‚ZË¡ N cÖvwYZË¡  DÏxcKwU c‡o 277 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
†èvi K_v|Ó †Kvb mvwn‡Z¨ Gme K_v Av‡Q? 266. ÒbvP‡Z bv Rvb‡j DVvb euvKvÓ  GwU Kx? †lvj Pv‡l gyjv
K cÖvPxb mvwn‡Z¨ k bvMwiK mvwn‡Z¨ k cÖev` evK¨ L WvK Zvi A‡a©K Zzjv
M DcK_vq N cwjømvwn‡Z¨ M Mr N Lbvi ePb Zvi A‡a©K avb
253. cwjømvwn‡Zï m‡½ cÖvewÜK bvMwiK mvwn‡Zï 267. ÔLbvÕ †K? webv Pv‡l cvb [Aby 3]
K †bÎx k †R¨vwZlx 277. DÏxcKwUi aib n‡jvÑ
Zzjbvg~jK e³e¨wU dzwU‡q Zz‡j‡Qb †Kvb
M gnxqmx N Kwe K cÖev` cÖePb k Lbvi ePb
welqwU cÖ‡qv‡Mi gva¨‡g?
k ivRivRovi K_v
268. ÔcÖPzi †`Lv I †kvbvi gva¨‡g AwR©Z AwfÁZvÕ M Wv‡Ki K_v N †jvKMv_v
K b„ZË¡ k f~‡qv`k©b  DÏxcKwU c‡o 278 I 279bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
L cÖe‡Üi Avw½K MVb
M cÖZœZË¡ N cÖevèvK¨
M Qov I Mr ivbv wKQy‡ZB Ny‡gv‡e bv| gv ej‡jb, ÒG‡mv †Zvgv‡K
N fvlv web¨vm cvV cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 53 iƒcK_vi NygšÍ ivRKb¨v Avi cw•LivR †Nvovi Mí
254. ÁGKevi ÔGevi wdivI †gv‡iÕ e‡j Avevi cyi‡bv 269. ÔcwjømvwnZ¨Õ cÖe‡Ü †jLK g~je³e¨wU dzwU‡q eje|Ó ivbv ejj, ÒAvwg Ime ïbe bv|Ó
c‡_ bvMwiK mvwnZ¨ wb‡qB e¨¯Í wQ‡jb|Ó †K? Zz‡j‡Qb †Kvb welqwU cÖ‡qv‡Mi gva¨‡g? ÒNygcvovwb Mvb †kvbve G‡mv|Ó ÒIme cPv, Avwg
 k iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi K cÖe‡Üi Avw½K MVb ïbe bv|Ó ivbv wUwf †Q‡o KvUz©b Qwe †`L‡Z emj|
L cwjøKwe RmxgD`&`xb k cwjømvwn‡Zï h_v_© DcKiY gv `xN©k¦vm †Q‡o ¯^MZ ej‡jb, Ònvq, AvaywbK
M KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg M Dcgv I iƒcK N fvlvi cÖ‡qvM cÖhyw³i AcÖwZ‡iva¨ cÖfve w`b‡K w`b Avgv‡ì
N diiæL Avng` 270. †jLK †Kb cwjømvwnZ¨ msMÖn‡K Riæwi g‡b K‡ib? AZx‡Zi m‡½ m¤^‡Üi mKj wkKo wQu‡o w`‡”Q|Ó
255. ÁAvR ìKvi n‡q‡Q kû‡i mvwn‡Zï evjvLvbvi K RvZxq mvwn‡Zï mg„w× wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ 278. DÏxc‡K cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q †jvKmvwn‡Zï 
k RvZxq HwZn¨ I ms¯‹…wZi cwiPq Zz‡j aivi Rb¨ k ¸iæZ¡ L gh©v`v
cv‡k †Mu‡qv mvwn‡Zï †Rvovevsjv Ni Zzj‡Z|Ó  G
M we‡`wk ms¯‹…wZi AvMÖvmb †iva Kivi Rb¨ M AvšÍwiKZv N cÿcvwZZ¡
gšÍ‡eï ga¨ w`‡q †jLK †KvbwU‡K ¸iæZ¡ w`‡q‡Qb?
N kû‡i mvwn‡Zï AvMÖvmb †_‡K iÿv Kivi Rb¨ 279. ÔcwjømvwnZ¨Õ cÖe‡Üi †h w`KwU DÏxc‡K cÖKvk
K we‡`wk mvwnZ¨‡K L cwjømvwnZ¨‡K
271. cwjømvwnZ¨ mgybœZ ivLvi Dcvq  †c‡q‡Q
M kû‡i mvwnZ¨‡K
k cÖvwZôvwbKfv‡e cwjømvwnZ¨ msMÖn I msiÿY
k cwjø I kû‡i Dfq mvwnZ¨‡K i. AvaywbK cÖhyw³i cÖv`yfv© e
L cwjømvwnZ¨ m¤ú‡K© e³…Zv cÖ`vb
256. BD‡ivc-Av‡gwiKvi g‡Zv Avgv‡ì †`‡kI ii. Aw¯ÍZ¡ nviv‡bvi hš¿Yv
M cwjømvwn‡Zï Avmi emv‡bv
AbvMZKv‡j †Kvb mvwnZ¨ Av`‡ii Avmb cv‡e? iii. AvaywbK mf¨Zvi Ae¯’v
N cwjøMÖv‡g emwZ M‡o †Zvjv
K cwjømvwnZ¨ L kû‡i mvwnZ¨ †KvbwU mwVK?
M bvMwiK mvwnZ¨
eûc`x mgvwßm~PK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi K i I ii L ii I iii
k cÖ‡jZvwi‡qZ mvwnZ¨ 272. cwjømvwnZ¨‡K aŸs‡mi nvZ †_‡K iÿv Ki‡Z cÖ‡qvRb M i I iii k i, ii I iii
257. ÔcwjømvwnZ¨Õ cÖe‡Ü cwjøi DcK_v¸‡jv‡Z i. cvV¨m~wP‡Z cwjømvwnZ¨ AšÍf³ z© Kiv  DÏxcKwU c‡o 280 I 281bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
ii. Pvlv‡ì f`ª mgv‡Ri Dc‡hvMx K‡i †Zvjv Bg‡bi gv Awdm QywUi ci evmvq G‡m LvwbK
†jLK †Kvb Av‡e`b‡K cÖvavb¨ w`‡q‡Qb?
iii. cwjømvwn‡Zï c„ô‡cvlKZv Kiv
K mvwnZ¨ Av‡e`b k me©Rbxb Av‡e`b wekÖvg wb‡q Bgb‡K cov‡Z emvj| wKš‘
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? Bg‡bi co‡Z †gv‡UI fv‡jv jvMwQj bv| †m
M mvs¯‹…wZK Av‡e`b N ˆkwíK Av‡e`b
K i I ii L ii I iii k i I iii N i, ii I iii
258. gyn¤§` knx`yjøvni g‡Z cwjømvwn‡Zï GLbI gv‡qi Kv‡Q Mí ïb‡Z evqbv aij| gv Zv‡K
273. Ò†`‡ki Av‡jv-evZv‡mi g‡Zv mK‡jiB
mgvì K‡i Kviv? mvaviY m¤úwË|Ó G m¤úwËi cÖgvY w`‡q‡Qb †kK&mwcq‡ii M‡íi Abyev` †kvbvj|
K kû‡i †jv‡Kiv k cvovMuv‡qi †jv‡Kiv †jLK †Kvb welqwU D‡jø‡Li gva¨‡g? 280. DÏxcKwU‡Z cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q †jvKmvwn‡Zï
M AwkwÿZ e¨w³iv N cwÐZ e¨w³iv i. iƒcK_v, †Ìqvbv gw`bv, Qov cÖwZ GLbKvi wkwÿZ Rbbx‡ì
ii. iƒcK_v, cwjøMv_v, Qov K AvšÍwiKZv k Ae‡njv
kãv_© I UxKv cvVëB; c„ôv 52
iii. cwjøMv_v, cÖev`, Rvwi Mvb M cÿcvwZZ¡ N gh©v`v cÖ`vb
259. Ôˆggbwmsn MxwZKvÕ †K msMÖn K‡i‡Qb?
K Kwe RmxgD`&`xb L W±i `x‡bkP›`ª †mb
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 281. GB A‡enjvi Rb¨ †h welqwU `vqx
k i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii i. AvaywbK wkÿvi cÖfve
M W. gyn¤§` knx`yjøvn& k P›`ªKzgvi †`
274. cwjømvwn‡Zï m¤ú` ii. AvaywbK cÖhyw³i cÖfve
260. †ivguv-†ivjuvi cwiPq wn‡m‡e †Kvb Z_¨wU
i. Rvwi Mvb, mvwi Mvb, fvwUqvwj Mvb iii. wkwÿZ Rbbxi wPšÍv-†PZbv
mg_©b‡hvM¨?
K BZvwji KvjRqx mvwnwZ¨K I `vk©wbK ii. ivLvwj Mvb, gvidwZ Mvb wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
L divwm †`‡ki weL¨vZ HwZnvwmK iii. cc Mvb, AvaywbK Mvb K i I ii L ii I iii
k divwm †`‡ki KvjRqx mvwnwZ¨K I `vk©wbK wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? k i I iii N i, ii I iii
N divwm †`‡ki weL¨vZ cÖ‡KŠkjwe` k i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii  DÏxcKwU c‡o 282 I 283bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
261. †ivguv †ivjuv KZ wLªóv‡ã mvwn‡Z¨ †bv‡ej 275. gvwUi N‡i gvwUi gvbyl n‡q _vK‡Z PvIqv evsjv GKv‡Wwgi ZË¡veav‡b 64 †Rjvq †jvKR
cyi¯‹vi jvf K‡ib? ej‡Z †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q ms¯‹…wZ weKvk kxl©K Kg©m~wP MÖnY Kiv n‡q‡Q| G
K 1913 wLªóv‡ã k 1915 wLªóv‡ã i. bvMwiK mvwnZ¨‡K fv‡jvevmv Kg©m~wP‡Z wdìIqvK© ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| D³ Kg©m~wP †hb
M 1916 wLªóv‡ã N 1921 wLªóv‡ã ii. cwjømvwn‡Zï cÖwZ AvKl©Y mdjfv‡e m¤úvw`Z nq †mwUB mevi cÖZ¨vkv|
262. ÔRuv wµ¯ÍdÕ MÖ‡š’i iPwqZvi bvg Kx? iii. †jvKmvwn‡Zï g~j¨vqb 282. evsjv GKv‡Wwgi D‡`¨vMwU †Zvgvi cwVZ †Kvb
k †ivguv †ivjuv L †kK&mwcqi wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? cvV¨‡K wb‡`©k K‡i?
M evqib N wgëb K i I ii k ii I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii K `yB gymvwdi k cwjømvwnZ¨
263. 1915 mv‡j mvwn‡Z¨ †K †bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi jvf K‡ib? 276. wKš‘ nvq! G Kv‡Ri Rb¨ †¯^”Qv‡meK `j KB? M eB cov N wkÿv I gbyl¨Z¡
K iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi L cve‡jv †biæ`v cwjømvwnZ¨ msMÖ‡ni Kv‡R W. gyn¤§` 283. Av‡jvP¨ iPbvi cÖavb welq
M Gm cvj© evK k †ivguv †ivjuv knx`yjøvni G nZvkv `~i n‡Z cv‡ib i. †jvKms¯‹…wZ weKv‡k D‡`¨vM MÖnY
264. gbmyi eqvwZ †K? i. cwjømvwnZ¨ mfvi Av‡qvRb K‡i ii. †¯^”Qv‡meK `j m„wó
k Ô†Ìqvbv gw`bvÕ cvjvi Kwe ii. †dvK‡jvi †mvmvBwU ¯’vcb K‡i iii. †jvKm¤ú‡ì cwiwPwZ NUv‡bv
L GKRb KÉwkíx iii. RbmvaviY‡K DØy× K‡i wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M GKRb myimªóv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L ii I iii
N GKRb MxwZKvi K i I ii L ii M ii I iii k i, ii I iii M i I iii k i, ii I iii
M`Å 05 Avg-AuvwUi ˆfucy  wef„wZf„lY eG±`ÅvcvaÅvq

cvVëB we‡kølY 304. †Zj byb Avbvi ci `yMv© Avevi Acy‡K Kx 323. MÖvgxY djdjvw` Avnv‡ii Avb›` Ges wewPÎ
Avb‡Z e‡j? welq wb‡q Acy I `yM©vi we¯§q I †KŠZ~nj
mvaviY eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi K evwU L gmjv M wcqvR o j¼v MíwU‡K wPiKv‡ji gvby‡li Kx g‡b Kwi‡q †`q?
305. nwini iv‡qi †Kvb ÁvwZ-åvZv m¤úÖwZ gviv wM‡q‡Qb? K AZxZ BwZnvm L fwel¨r
†jLK cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 66 K gRyg`vi ivq o bxjgwY ivq M eZ©gvb o wPivqZ ˆkke
284. cÖK…wZ Ges gvby‡li Rxe‡bi Awfbœ m¤ú‡K©i M jvjgwY ivq N A‡kvK ivq
306. `yM©v‡ì evwo †_‡K KZ mg‡qi c_ †M‡j fzeb eûc`x mgvwßm~PK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
wPivqZ Zvrc‡h© gwngvwš^Z wef‚wZf‚l‡Yi
K bvU¨mvwnZ¨ L KweZv gyLy‡hï evwo? 324. †Z‡ji fuvo Qyu‡j Acy‡K gvi‡e †Kb? [Aby. 2]
o K_vmvwnZ¨ N Mvb K Pvi wgwbU o cuvP wgwbU i. Kzms¯‹v‡ii Kvi‡Y
285. Avw½‡Ki w`K †_‡K Ô`„wócÖ`xcÕ MÖ‡š’i mv‡_ M Qq wgwbU N mvZ wgwbU ii. AcP‡qi Kvi‡Y
mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q †Kvb MÖ‡š’i? 307. gv‡qi Mjv †c‡q `yM©v Acy‡K Kxfv‡e †h‡Z ejj? iii. bv Rvbv‡bvi Kvi‡Y
K †gŠixdzj L hvÎve`j o gy‡Li by‡bi ¸u‡ov gy‡Q L †hfv‡e Av‡Q †mfv‡eB wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M †`Š‡o N Av‡¯Í Av‡¯Í oi L ii M iii N ii I iii
M †gNgjøvi o AviY¨K
286. wef‚wZf‚lY e‡›`¨vcva¨vq KZ mv‡j g„ZzëiY K‡ib? 308. `yM©v Acy‡K gyL gyQ‡Z e‡jwQj †Kb? 325. wef‚wZf‚l‡Yi Dcb¨v‡m dz‡U D‡V‡Q
o 1950 L 1951 M 1960 N 1962 K gqjv †j‡M _vKvq i. cÖvK…wZK †mŠ›`‡h©i bvbv iƒc‡iLv
L Avg KzwP †j‡M _vKvq ii. bvMwiK Rxe‡bi `ytL-Kó
g~jcvVcvVëB; c„ôv 66-70 o by‡bi Muyov †j‡M _vKvq iii. gvby‡li mnR-mij RxebwPÎ
287. ÔAvg-AuvwUi †fucyÕ M‡í †K Avcb g‡b †ivqv‡K N j¼vi Muyov †j‡M _vKvq wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
e‡m †Ljv KiwQj? 309. me©Rqvi Mv-MZi e¨_v n‡q wM‡qwQj †Kb? K i I ii o i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K nwin‡ii Kb¨v o nwin‡ii cyÎ K Amy¯’Zvi Kvi‡Y L evwo SuvU w`‡q 326. †Ljbv¸‡jv‡K Acyi m¤úwË ejv n‡q‡Q †h Kvi‡Y
M nwin‡ii fvMœx N cv‡ki evwoi bebxZv M MvQ KvU‡Z wM‡q o ÿvi †K‡P i. †Ljbv¸‡jv Acyi wb‡Ri e‡j
288. Acyi ev‡·i mgy`q m¤úwË †Kv_vq Xvjv n‡qwQj? 310. me©Rqv KLb †_‡K ÿvi KvPwQj? ii. †Ljbv¸‡jv A‡bK `vwg e‡j
K †ivqv‡K L DVv‡b o mKvj †_‡K L `ycyi †_‡K iii. †Ljbv¸‡jvB Avi KviI fvM †bB e‡j
M weQvbvq o †g‡S‡Z M weKvj †_‡K N mÜ¨v †_‡K wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K i I ii k i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
289. Á†`wL‡Z fv‡jv ewjqv Zvnvi w`w` †Kv_v nB‡Z 311. Acy †L‡Z †L‡Z Kx ejj?
o Avi wPe‡bv hvq bv L Lye gRv n‡q‡Q
327. m`&‡Mv‡civ nwin‡ii cv‡qi ay‡jv wb‡Z Pvq,
A‡bK¸wj KzovBqv AvwbqvwQjÓ Kx Kzwo‡q G‡bwQj?
K Avg L bvi‡K‡ji gvjv M Avi Av‡Q wK bv N Avwg AviI PvB KviY nwini
312. nwini KLb KvR †m‡i evwo wdij? i. AvZ¥xq nIqvq ii. DuPz Rv‡Zi nIqvq
o bvUvdj N Av‡gi AuvwU
iii. eªvþY nIqvq
290. Acyi w`wì bvg Kx? K mKv‡ji GKUz c‡i o `ycy‡ii GKUz c‡i
M weKv‡ji GKUz c‡i N mÜ¨vi GKUz c‡i
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
o `yM©v L cve©Zx M wèv N Dlv
K i I ii L i I iii k ii I iii N i, ii I iii
291. Acy Kwo¸‡jv †Kv_v †_‡K Pzwi K‡iwQj? 313. me©Rqv †Kvb gv‡mi †iv‡` R¡i Avmvi K_v ej‡Q?
K `yMv© c~Rvi Kwoi Pzcwo †_‡K K Avwk¦b L KvwZ©K M †cŠl o ˆPÎ Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
L Kvjxc~Rvi Kwoi Pzcwo †_‡K 314. gvZei †jvKwU nwini‡K fv‡e  DÏxcKwU c‡o 328 I 329bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
M mi¯^Zx c~Rvi Kwoi Pzcwo †_‡K K wcZ…Zzj¨ L †èZzj¨ M åvZ…Zzj¨ o ¸iæZzj¨
wicb I iægv `yB fvB-†evb| Zv‡ì eq‡mi
o jÿ¥xc~Rvi Kwoi Pzcwo †_‡K 315. ÔAvg-AuvwUi †fucyÕ M‡íi gvZei †Mv‡Qi cv_©K¨ Pvi eQi| G‡K A‡bï Dci wbf©ikxj
292. ïK‡bv bvUvdj †K Kzwo‡q G‡b Acy‡K w`‡qwQj? †jvKUvi RvZ Kx? n‡jI wewfbœ wRwbm G‡K Ab¨‡K Zviv †`Lv‡Z
o w`w` L gv M evev N wcwm o m`&‡Mvc L `y‡j M †g_i N Kg©Kvi Pvq bv| iægvi †Ljvi mvgMÖx wicb jywK‡q
293. DVv‡bi †Kvb RvqMv †_‡K `yM©v Acy‡K WvKwQj?[Aby. 1] 316. ÔAvg-AuvwUi †fucyÕ M‡í me©Rqv‡ì ivqevwoi iv‡L| iægvi wewfbœ Av‡`k, Ave`vi wicb
K AvgZjv L eUZjv KZ UvKvi Ici wbf©i Ki‡Z nq? gvb‡Z Pvq bv| GB wb‡q I‡ì gv‡K bvbv
o KuvVvjZjv N RvgZjv K cuvP UvKv L Qq UvKv weo¤^bvi g‡a¨ co‡Z nq| [Aby. 3-4]
294. `yM©vi Mob †Kgb? M mvZ UvKv o AvU UvKv 328. DÏxcKwU ÔAvg-AuvwUi †fucyÕ M‡íi †Kvb
K †gvUv‡mvUv o cvZjv 317. ÔAvg-AuvwUi †fucyÕ M‡í ivqevwoi UvKv KZ w`K‡K cÖwZdwjZ K‡i‡Q?
M ¯^v¯’ëZx N †`vnviv gvm AšÍi †`q? K fvB-†ev‡bi m¤úK© L fvB-†ev‡bi we‡iva
295. `yM©vi Mv‡qi is †Kgb? o `yB-wZb gvm L wZb-Pvi gvm M fvB-†ev‡bi Ave`vi o gv‡qi-wPšÍv
K Kv‡jv L dimv M Pvi-cuvP gvm N cuvP-Qq gvm 329. DÏxc‡Ki fvebv ÔAvg-AuvwUi †fucyÕ M‡íi
o GKUz Pvcv N mv`vKv‡jv 318. `yM©v †Ljv eÜ K‡i me wewP AuvP‡j †eu‡a Kxfv‡e †Kvb D×…wZi m‡½ mv`„k¨c~Y©?
296. Acyi mv‡_ `yMv© i wgj i‡q‡Q evwoi evB‡i †Mj? o Zvnvi ¯î GKUz mZK©Zv wgwkÖZ
o †Pv‡Li L Pz‡ji M Mo‡bi N ei‡Yi K gqjv Kvco c‡i o iæÿ Pzj Dwo‡q L GKUz †Zj Avi GKUz byb wb‡q Avm‡Z
297. `yMv© i †PvL Kvi g‡Zv WvMi WvMi? M nv‡Z jvwV wb‡q cvwim? Av‡gi Kzwm Rviv‡ev
K nwin‡ii L me©Rqvi N gv‡qi K_v fve‡Z fve‡Z M `yMv© i nv‡Z GKwU bvwi‡K‡ji gvjv
N bvi‡K‡ji gvjvUv Avgvq †`
M wcwmi o Acyi kãv_© I UxKvcvVëB; c„ôv 70
298. `yM©vi nv‡Z Acy Kx †`L‡Z †cj?  DÏxcKwU c‡o 330 †_‡K 332bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
319. ÔPzcwoÕ ej‡Z Kx †evS? iw·‡ì d‡ji evMvb, †mLv‡b jywK‡q hvq
K Li‡Mv‡ki ev”Pv o bvwi‡K‡ji gvjv
o †QvU Szwo L Kjwm M nuvwo N Pzwo Rš‘i g‡Zv| gvi †L‡q‡Q we¯Íi; Rvg †L‡q‡Q
M QvMjQvbv N cvwLi ev”Pv
320. Ôeb-weQywUÕ ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? AviI A‡bK †ewk| evwoi †jv‡K e‡j, Ôj¾v
299. ÔAvg-AuvwUi †fucyÕ M‡í bvwi‡K‡ji gvjvi g‡a¨ Kx wQj? K e‡bi we”Qy L e‡bi †cvKv K‡i bv euvì!Õ [†Q‡jUv iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi]
K Rvg L bvwi‡Kj o ey‡bv MvQ N ey‡bv Kzj 330. DÏxc‡Ki †Q‡jUv ÔAvg-AuvwUi †fucyÕ M‡íi
M eiB o KwP Avg KvUv 321. ÔKvj‡gNÕ A_© Kx? †Kvb PwiÎ‡K wb‡`©k K‡i?
300. Mjvi myi wbPz K‡i `yM©v Acyi KvQ †_‡K Kx K †g‡Ni iO L S‡oi c~e©vfvm K Acy o `yM©v M nwini N cUwj
Rvb‡Z PvBj? o hK…‡Zi †iv‡M DcKvix GK cÖKvi wZ³ MvQ 331. DÏxc‡Ki †Q‡jUv I ÔAvg-AuvwUi †fucyÕ M‡íi
K Acy G¸‡jv Lv‡e wKbv N GK cÖKvi Kv‡jv dj `yM©v‡K evwoi †jv‡K Kx K‡i‡Q?
o gv NvU †_‡K wd‡i‡Q wKbv K `yózwg †g‡b wb‡q‡Q o kvmb K‡i‡Q
M evev Nygv‡”Q wKbv N wcwm e‡m Av‡Q wKbv cvV cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 71 M AviI `yózwg Ki‡Z e‡j‡Q
301. Acyi gv ÿvi KvP‡Z †Kv_vq wM‡qwQj? 322. ÔAvg-AuvwUi †fucyÕ MíwU wK‡mi AvL¨vb wb‡q N Av`vj‡Z bvwjk K‡i‡Q
K †Wvevq L Lv‡j o Nv‡U N Ab¨ evwo‡Z iwPZ n‡q‡Q? 332. DÏxcK I ÔAvg-AuvwUi †fucyÕ Mí cvV Ki‡j g‡b nq
302. Acy Kvi AÁvZmv‡i Kwo¸‡jv Pzwi K‡iwQj? o cÖK…wZNwbô `yB fvB-†ev‡bi Avbw›`Z Rxe‡bi i. ˆkke¯§„wZ ii. ˆK‡kv‡ii PÂjZv
K evevi L †ev‡bi M VvKz‡ii o gv‡qi L RvZcÖ_vi iii. e„× eq‡mi ¯§„wZ
303. `yM©v Acy‡K Kx wb‡q Avm‡Z ejj? M cÖK…wZi wbg©jZvi wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K euwU L evwU M wPwb o †Zj, byb N ˆkkeKvjxb PvÂ‡jï o i I ii L ii I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M`¨ 06 gvbyl gyn¤§` (m.)  †gvnv¤§` Iqv‡R` Avjx

cvVëB we‡kølY 346. nhiZ gyn¤§` (m.)-Gi evYx †KvbwU? 359. mZ¨ cÖwZôvi †ÿ‡Î nhiZ gyn¤§` (m.) Kv‡ì
K Avwg †Zvgv‡ì g‡Zv mvaviY bB Kv‡Q DcnwmZ n‡qwQ‡jb? [Aby. 1]
mvaviY eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi L Avwg giYkxj bB K Bûw`‡ì L Lqeievmx‡ì
M Avwg GKRb AwZgvbe o †cŠËwjK‡ì N û`vqweqvevmx‡ì
†jLK cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 73
o Avwg †Zvgv‡ìB g‡Zv GKRb gvbylgvÎ 360. Pig Acgvb, Dcnvm, Ae‡nwjZ n‡qI
333. †gvnv¤§` Iqv‡R` Avjx KZ e½v‡ã Rš§MÖnY K‡ib? 347. ÁwZwb imyj wKš‘ wZwb gvbyl, Avgv‡ìB gZ nhi‡Zi gyL w`‡q Kx D”PvwiZ nqwb?
K 1301 o 1303 M 1305 N 1307 `ytL-†e`bv, Rxeb-g„Zzï Aaxb i³-gvs‡m MwVZ o †µva, N„Yv L Awfkvc
334. †KvbwU †gvnv¤§` Iqv‡R` Avjx iwPZ MÖš’ bq? gvbylÓ G K_v †K, Kv‡K eywS‡q w`‡jb? M cÖv_©bv N mZ¨ cÖPvi
K giæfv¯‹i L ¯§vY©vbw›`bx K AveyeKi (iv) Igi (iv) †K
o cv‡Äwi N ˆmq` Avng`
361. ÔG‡ì Ávb `vI cÖfz, G‡ì ÿgv KiÕ G
L Igi (iv) AveyeKi (iv) †K
335. †gvnv¤§` Iqv‡R` Avjx †ckv wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡ib Dw³‡Z nhiZ gyn¤§` (m.)-Gi †Kvb ¸YwU
M Igi (iv) g~wQ©Z gymwjg‡K
K wkÿKZv‡K L eëmvq‡K
cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q? [Aby. 2]
o AveyeKi (iv) g~wQ©Z gymwjg‡K
M †Kv‡U©i PvKwi‡K o mvsevw`KZv‡K K mnbkxjZv L D`viZv
348. nhiZ gyn¤§` (m.) gvby‡li gb AvKl©Y
336. mnR-mij cÖKvkfw½ Kvi iPbvi Ab¨Zg K‡iwQ‡jb wK‡mi Øviv? o gnvbyfeZv N wePÿYZv
êwkó¨? K †mŠ›`‡h©i Øviv 362. ÔBmjv‡gi evnK I m‡Zï cÖPviKÕ dz‡U D‡V‡Q
A_ev, †Kvb †jL‡Ki M`¨‰kjx FRy cÖK…wZi? o gvbexq ¸Yvewj Øviv wb‡Pi †Kvb bvgwUi gva¨‡g?
K gxi gkviid †nv‡mb M evwM¥Zvi Øviv o nhiZ gyn¤§` (m.)
L KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg N AvwZ‡_qZvi Øviv L nhiZ AveyeKi (iv)
M Avey BmnvK 349. Ôg°vi †kÖô es‡k wZwb Rwš§qvwQ‡jbÕ †K? M wewe Lvw`Rv
o †gvnv¤§` Iqv‡R` Avjx o nhiZ gyn¤§` (m.) N nhiZ Igi (iv)
337. †gvnv¤§` Iqv‡R` Avjx g„ZzëiY K‡ib L nhiZ AveyeKi (iv)
363. e³…Zvi gvSLv‡b GKwU cÖkœ K‡i †K gnvbwe
K 6 b‡f¤î o 8 b‡f¤î M nhiZ Igi (iv)
N nhiZ Imgvb (iv)
(m.)-†K _vwg‡qwQj?
M 10 b‡f¤î N 12 b‡f¤î
350. ÔAvj-AvwgbÕ K_vwUi A_© Kx? K R‰bK †e`yBb L R‰bK c_Pvix
g~jcvVcvVëB; c„ôv 73-77 K cÖwZwbwa L mZëv`x o R‰bK AÜ N R‰bK giæPvix
338. Ònhi‡Zi g„Zzï K_v cÖPvwiZ nB‡j gw`bvq †hb M †kl cqM¤î o wek¦vmx 364. Ò†`‡ki ivRv, gvby‡li ivRv nBqv †¯^”Qvq
Auvavi NbvBqv AvwmjÓ GLv‡b ÒAuvavi NbvBqv 351. nhiZ gyn¤§` (m.)-Gi iƒc, ¸Y I mZZv Kv‡K `vwi‡`ªï KÈK gyKzU gv_vq cwi‡jb|Ó †K
AvwmjÓ †Kvb A‡_© eën„Z n‡q‡Q? AvKl©Y K‡iwQj? KÈK gyKzU cwi‡jb?
K w`b †kl n‡q G‡jv L iv‡Zi AvMgb NUj K wewe Av‡qkv‡K
K nhiZ AveyeKi (iv)
o †kvKwenŸj n‡q coj  N Avb‡›` D‡Øj n‡jv o wewe Lvw`Rv‡K
L nhiZ Igi (iv)
339. eû‡jvK †Kb Rgv‡qZ n‡jv? M wewe D‡¤§ nvbx‡K
o nhiZ gyn¤§` (m.)
N nhiZ Igi‡K
K hy‡× hvIqvi cÖ¯ÍywZ wb‡Z
352. wewe Lvw`Rvi Ab¨Zg cwiPq N nhiZ Imgvb (iv)
o imyjyjøvni cxovi Lei ï‡b
K wZwb g°v‡Z Rš§ †bb 365. ÒZvB Zuvnvi M„‡n mKj mgq Abœ RywUZ bv,
M imyjyjøvni wbgš¿Y †c‡q
N imyjyjøvni e³…Zv ïb‡Z
o wZwb cÖ_g gymjgvb bvix wbkvi AÜKv‡i cÖ`xc R¡vwjevi g‡Zv ˆZjUzKzI
M wZwb A‡bK a‡bi gvwjK wQ‡jb mgq mgq wgwjZ bv|Ó AskUzKz †Kvb Mí ev
340. imyjyjøvni cxovi Lei ï‡b eû‡jvK Rgv‡qZ
N wZwb †`L‡Z mykÖx wQ‡jb cÖeÜ †_‡K M„nxZ n‡q‡Q?
nIqvi KviY Kx?
o imyjyjøvn (m.)-Gi cÖwZ AKzÉ fv‡jvevmv
353. QvMx`y» w`‡q †K nhiZ gyn¤§` (m.)-Gi Z…òv K g‡nk o gvbyl gyn¤§` (m.)
`~i K‡ib?
L hy‡× hvIqvi cÖ¯‘wZ M `yRb exi‡kÖô N Ac~e© ÿgv
K Lvw`Rv L Av‡qkv
M gymjgvb nIqvi wbwg‡Ë 366. gw`bvq wnRi‡Zi c‡_ nhiZ gyn¤§` Kvi
o D‡¤§ gvÕe` N Avey gvÕe`
N imyjyjøvn (m.)-Gi wbgš¿Y †c‡q evwo‡Z AvkÖq wb‡qwQ‡jb?
354. Ôgvbyl gyn¤§` (m.)Õ cÖe‡Ü †jLK nhiZ gyn¤§`
341. †K Dj½ Zievwi nv‡Z jvwd‡q DVj?
(m.)-Gi iƒcjveY¨ dzwU‡q Zz‡j‡Qb †Kvb K Avey nvwbdv o Avey gvÕe`
o exievû Igi (iv) L nhiZ gyn¤§` (m.)
welqwU cÖ‡qv‡Mi gva¨‡g? M Avey bvÕ` N Avey kvÕgv`
M nhiZ AveyeKi (iv) N nhiZ Imgvb (iv)
o my`xN© KzwÂZ †Kkcvk L †eu‡U cÖK…wZi 367. mvaviY ï®‹ gvsm Kvi wbZ¨w`‡bi Avnvh© wQj?
342. nhiZ gyn¤§` (m.)-Gi g„Zy¨ msev` nhiZ M Lye j¤^v N Lye ¯^v¯’ëvb
Igi (iv) Kxfv‡e MÖnY K‡iwQ‡jb? K nhiZ gyn¤§` (m.)-Gi
355. ÔwZwb `xN© bb, Le© bb, K…k bbÕ G wZwb †K? L nhiZ gyn¤§` (m.)-Gi wcZvi
K avivevwnKfv‡e o D‡ËwRZfv‡e
K nhiZ nvmvb (iv) L nhiZ †nv‡mb (iv)
M Kvbœvq †f‡O c‡o N ¯^vfvweKfv‡e o nhiZ gyn¤§` (m.)-Gi gvZvi
o nhiZ gyn¤§` (m.) N nhiZ Igi (iv)
343. †K †kl ch©šÍ nhi‡Zi g„Zy¨kh¨vi cv‡k wQ‡jb? N wewe Av‡qkvi
356. Òeo my›ì, eo g‡bvni †mB Aciƒc iƒ‡ci
K nhiZ dvwZgv (iv) L nhiZ Avjx (iv)
o nhiZ AveyeKi (iv) N nhiZ Dgi (iv)
AwaKvixÓ  nhiZ gyn¤§` (m.)-Gi jve‡Yï kãv_© I UxKvcvVëB; c„ôv 77
eY©bv w`‡Z wM‡q †K GK_v e‡jwQ‡jb?
344. nhiZ AveyeKi (iv)-Gi Dw³ †KvbwU? 368. nhi‡Zi g„Zyï ci eû nvw`m D×…Z K‡ib †K?
K nhiZ Lvw`Rv o D‡¤§ gvÕe`
K gyn¤§` GKRb imyj ê Avi wKQz bb K dv‡Zgv (iv)
M nhiZ Av‡qkv N Avey gvÕe`
L †h ewj‡e nhiZ gwiqv‡Qb, Zvnvi gv_v hvB‡e L nhiZ AveyeKi (iv)
357. Ám‡Zï wbweo mvabvq Zuvnvi PwiÎ gaygq nBqv
o hvnviv nhi‡Zi c~Rv KwiZ, Zvnviv RvbyK
DwVqvwQjÓ GLv‡b ÔgaygqÕ A‡_© †KvbwU mg_©b‡hvM¨? o Av‡qkv (iv)
wZwb gviv wMqv‡Qb
K gayi g‡Zv wgwó o AvKl©Yxq I Abb¨ N nhiZ Avjx (iv)
N eo my›ì, eo g‡bvni †mB Aciƒc iƒ‡ci AwaKvix
M AZ¨šÍ mvaviY N eRªKwVb 369. ÔgymvwdiÕ-Gi mgv_©K kã †KvbwU?
345. †jLK Avjøvni my¯úó evYx‡K dzwU‡q Zz‡j‡Qb 358. AvNv‡Z RR©wiZ nhiZ gyn¤§` (m.) Kv‡ì
†Kvb Dw³i gva¨‡g? K wgmwKb L cÖevmx
Rb¨ ÿgv cÖv_©bv K‡iwQ‡jb? o ivnx N wfÿzK
K gyn¤§` (m.) gvbeRvwZi E‡aŸ© o †cŠËwjK‡ì Rb¨
o gyn¤§` (m.) GKRb ivmyj ê Avi wKQy bb L gybvwdK‡ì Rb¨
370. Ôiæwai avivÕ k‡ãi A_© Kx?
M gyn¤§` (m.) AwZgvbe M Bûw`‡ì Rb¨ o i‡³i aviv L Sibvaviv
N gyn¤§` (m.) gnvgvbe N bvmviv‡ì Rb¨ M giæSo N b`xi †mªvZ
10  wmwi‡Ri SSC Bank : Interactive Virtual CD
cvV cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 78 wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?

eûc`x mgvwßm~PK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi oi I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
371. Ôgvbyl gyn¤§` (m.)Õ cÖeÜwU †Kvb MÖš’ †_‡K †bIqv n‡q‡Q? 376. nhiZ gyn¤§` g°v †_‡K gw`bvq P‡j †M‡jb
o giæfv¯‹i L cÖjq wkLv
374. nhiZ gyn¤§` (m.)-Gi AšÍi †f` K‡i †h
M gvwUi c„w_ex N ewb Av`g cÖv_©bvi evYx †R‡M‡Q †h Kvi‡Y
372. Ôgvbyl gyn¤§` (m.)Õ cÖe‡Ü †jLK g~je³e¨wU i. G‡ì Ávb `vI cÖfz, G‡ì ÿgv Ki i. wbh©vZ‡bi gvÎv †e‡o wM‡qwQj e‡j
dzwU‡q Zz‡j‡Qb †Kvb welqwUi gva¨‡g? ii. G‡ì Ávb wÌ bv cÖfz, G‡ì aŸsm Ki ii. †KvivBkiv mn‡R mZ¨‡K MÖnY Ki‡Q bv e‡j
o gnvbwei gvbexq ¸Yvewj iii. G‡ì kvw¯Í `vI cÖfz, Giv RNb¨ iii. †KvivBk‡ì nv‡Z cÖvY nviv‡bvi f‡q
L cÖe‡Üi Avw½K MVb wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M gnvbwei PwiÎ Av‡jvPbv oi L ii Ki L ii o i I ii N i, ii I iii
N gnvbwei Bmjvg cÖPvi Mi I ii N ii I iii 377. gnvbwei gvbe‡cÖg cÖKvk cvq
373. Ôgvbyl gyn¤§` (m.)Õ cÖe‡Üi cÖwZcv`¨ Kx? 375. ÔRš§`ytLx nBqv wZwb msmv‡i AvwmqvwQ‡jb|Õ nhiZ i. Zv‡q‡d AZ¨vPvixi weiæ‡× Awfm¤úvZ bv Kiv
K Bmjv‡gi wkÿv Av‡jvPbv Kiv gyn¤§` (m.) m¤ú‡K© G Dw³i mg_©‡b ejv hvq ii. †cŠËwjK‡ì ÿgv K‡i †Ìqvi Rb¨
L gnvbwei ¸Yvewj Av‡jvPbv i. wZwb gvZv‡K nvwi‡qwQ‡jb iii. û`vqweqvi mwÜ †g‡b †bIqvi Rb¨
M gnvbwei A‡jŠwKK êwk‡óï Av‡jvPbv ii. wZwb wcZv‡K nvwi‡qwQ‡jb wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
o gvbyl wn‡m‡e gnvbwei êwkó¨ Av‡jvPbv iii. wZwb PvPv‡K nvwi‡qwQ‡jb Ki L ii k i I ii N i, ii I iii
M`¨ 07 wbgMvQ  ebdzj

cvVëB we‡kølY 391. wbgMv‡Qi evnvwi dzj¸‡jv wQj
o †_vKv †_vKv L Qvov Qvov
eûc`x mgvwßm~PK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
M A¼zwiZ 405. bZzb †jvKwU‡K gy» K‡i‡Q wbgMv‡Qi
mvaviY eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi i. Wvj ii. cvZv
N Mv‡Qi wb‡P cvwUi g‡Zv
†jLK cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 80 392. Ôkvb w`‡q euvav‡bvÕ ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? iii. dzj
378. ebdz‡ji Rš§ ZvwiL n‡jv o BU-wm‡g‡›U euvav‡bv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
L euv‡ki †eov w`‡q euvav‡bv K i I ii L i I iii o ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K 19 Ryb o 19 RyjvB
M cv_i w`‡q euvav‡bv N UvBjm w`‡q euvav‡bv 406. bZzb †jvK gy»`„wó‡Z †P‡q †_‡K P‡j †Mj †h
M 19 AvM÷ N 19 †m‡Þ¤î
379. wK‡mi gva¨‡g ebdz‡ji mvwnZ¨ A½‡b cÖ‡ek? 393. evwoi cv‡k wbgMvQ MRv‡j weÁiv Lywk nb †Kb? Kvi‡Y
K iweev‡ii wPwV L K‡jøvj o wbgMv‡Qi ¸Yv¸Y Rv‡bb e‡j i. †mŠ›`h©wcÖq e‡j ii. Kwe wQ‡jb e‡j
L wbgMvQ evwoUv‡K cvnvov w`‡e iii. KvR Av‡Q
o kwbev‡ii wPwV N msev`
380. KZ mv‡j ebdz‡ji mvwnZ¨ A½‡b cÖ‡ek N‡U? M cvZv, Wvj ev Qv‡ji Rb¨ A‡bï evwo‡Z wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
†LuvR Ki‡Z nq bv Ki L ii o i I ii N iii
K 1916 o 1918 M 1920 N 1927
N cwi‡e‡ki †mŠ›`h© e„w× K‡i 407. ÔI‡ì evwoi M„nKg©-wbcyYv jÿ¥x eDwUi wVK GK
381. ebdzj Kx ai‡bi †jLbxi gva¨‡g mvwnZ¨
394. ÔwbgMvQÕ M‡í DwjøwLZ bZzb †jvK G‡m Kx Kij? `kv|Õ GLv‡b †h `kvi K_v †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q
A½‡b cÖ‡ek K‡ib? K cvZv wQuoj L Qvj Zzjj
K bvUK L Dcb¨vm
i. Ae‡nwjZ ii. ewÂZ
M Wvj fvOj o gy»`„wó‡Z †P‡q iBj iii. wbM„nxZ
M †QvUMí o e¨½ KweZv I c¨viwW
395. ÔwbgMvQÕ M‡í DwjøwLZ bZzb †jvK wbgMv‡Qi wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
382. ebdz‡ji Mí I Dcb¨v‡mi welqe¯‘ Kx wQj? w`‡K ZvwK‡q Kx ejj? Ki L ii M ii I iii o i, ii I iii
o ev¯ÍeRxeb I Ávb-weÁv‡bi wewPÎ Dcv`vb o cvZv¸‡jv my›ì L cvZv wZZv
L KvíwbK Dcv`vb M cvZv Lye Dcv‡`q N cvZv¸‡jv Avgvi Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
M civev¯Íeev` 396. GKSuvK bÿÎ †b‡g G‡m‡Q †hb bxj AvKvk †_‡K  DÏxcKwU c‡o 408 I 409bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
N cÖvwYwelqK meyR mvq‡i| evK¨wU‡Z †Kvb AjsKvi eën„Z n‡q‡Q?
383. ebdzj Kx Dcvwa jvf K‡ib? Mdz‡ii wcÖq luvo g‡nk| cÖvq AvU eQi
K iƒcK L Dcgv M hgK o Dr‡cÖÿv cÖwZcvjb K‡i †m GLb ey‡ov n‡q‡Q| Mdzi
K bvBU o cÙf‚lY 397. ÔwbgMvQÕ M‡í DwjøwLZ LvwbKÿY †P‡q †_‡K mva¨gZ Zvi hZœ †bq| cwiev‡ii †KD Zv‡K
M wjUj gv÷vi N fviZMe© bZzb †jvKwU Kx Kij? Pvq bv| wKš‘ Mdzi mšÍvb‡mœ‡n Zv‡K jvjb
384. ebdzj †Kv_vq g„ZzëiY K‡ib? K Wvj wQuoj K‡i| wb‡Ri Lvevi bv †L‡q N‡ii Pvj †c‡o
K cvwK¯Ív‡b L XvKvq L MvQwU Kvi †LuvRLei wb‡Z jvMj g‡nk‡K †L‡Z †`q| [Aby. 3-4]
M jÛ‡b o KjKvZvq M cvZv wQu‡o e¨v‡M ivLj o P‡j †Mj 408. DÏxc‡Ki g‡nk-Gi mv‡_ †h w`K w`‡q ÔwbgMvQÕ
398. †jvKwU‡K †`‡L wbgMvQUvi Kx B”Qv Kij?
g~jcvVcvVëB; c„ôv 80-81 K cv †f‡O w`‡Z L K_v ej‡Z
M‡íi j²x eD‡qi mv`„k¨ Kiv hvq Zv n‡jv
385. wbgMv‡Qi Qvj wb‡q †jvKRb Kx Kv‡R jvMvq? [Aby. 1] i. Ae`v‡b ii. cÖ‡qvRbxqZvq
M wPgwU KvU‡Z o m‡½ †h‡Z
iii. c‡ivcKv‡i
o wm× K‡i Lvq L wfwR‡q Lvq 399. wbgMvQUv †jvKUvi mv‡_ †h‡Z cvij bv †Kb?
M ïwK‡q Lvq N ivbœv K‡i Lvq K evwoi gvwj‡Ki AbygwZ †bB e‡j
386. wbgMv‡Qi cvZv wQu‡o †KD †KD Kx Ki‡Q? o wkKo A‡bK`~i ch©šÍ we¯Í…Z e‡j
M nuvU‡Z cv‡i bv e‡j
409. mv`„k¨ _vK‡jI wbgMvQUv †Kvb wePv‡i e¨wZµg?
K wm× Ki‡Q L evZvm w`‡”Q
o D‡cwÿZ L DcKvix
o wk‡j wcl‡Q N Ilya evbv‡”Q N †jvKUv wb‡Z Pvq bv e‡j
M AvZ¥Z¨vMx N wbinsKvix
387. ÔwbgMv‡Qi cvZv wk‡j wcl‡QÕ ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 400. ÔwbgMvQÕ M‡í †Kvb mewRi bvg D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q?
K cUj o †e¸b M U‡g‡Uv N jvD  DÏxcKwU c‡o 410 I 411bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
o M„wnYxi Ici M„n¯^vgxi †¯^”QvPvwiZv
Avgv‡ì Aw¯ÍZ¡ iÿv Kivi R‡b¨ ebvqb e„w× Kiv
L PzjKvwb‡Z jvMv‡e kãv_© I UxKvcvVëB; c„ôv 81 DwPZ| e„ÿ Avgv‡ì bvbvwea cÖ‡qvRbxq ¸iæZ¡c~Y©
M cvZv k³ e‡j N ivbœvi †KŠkj Kv‡R eën„Z n‡q _v‡K| e„ÿ Avgv‡ì dzj, dj,
401. Qvj A_© Kx?
388. wbgMv‡Qi KwP cvZv¸‡jv A‡b‡KB Kxfv‡e Lvq? o evKj L AveiY M Z¡K N ïK‡bv cvZv Rxebavi‡Yi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq Lv`¨, e¯¿ ˆZwii myZv
o KuvPv L †iŠ‡`ª ïwK‡q BZ¨vw` w`‡q _v‡K| GgbwK e„ÿ †`‡ki
402. KweivR ej‡Z †evSvq?
M wPwb w`‡q wgwk‡q cwi‡ekMZ fvimvg¨ iÿv K‡i|
K Kwe‡ì ivRv L gvby‡li bvg
N MvQ †_‡K g‡i S‡i co‡j 410. DÏxcK I ÔwbgMvQÕ iPbvq Kx cÖKvwkZ?
o whwb MvQ MvQvwj cwi‡kvab K‡i †iv‡Mi
389. wb‡gi Wvj †f‡O A‡b‡K wPevq †Kb? wPwKrmv K‡ib o e„‡ÿi RqMvb L e„‡ÿi wb›`v
K †PvL fv‡jv ivLvi Rb¨ M e„ÿwba‡bi AcKvwiZv N cÖvK…wZK †mŠ›`h©
N KweMv‡bi I¯Ív`
o ùvZ fv‡jv ivLvi Rb¨ 411. DÏxcK I ÔwbgMvQÕ M‡í Avgiv hv †`L‡Z cvB
M Pvgov fv‡jv ivLvi Rb¨ cvV cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 81 i. e„‡ÿi ìKvi †bB
N KÉ fv‡jv ivLvi Rb¨ 403. ÔA`„k¨‡jvKÕ-Gi cÖKvk mvj KZ? ii. e„‡ÿi DcKvwiZv
390. evwoi cv‡k MRv‡j weÁiv Lywk nq †Kb? [Aby. 2] K 1943 L 1944 M 1945 o 1947 iii. cÖvK…wZK †mŠ›`h©
K GUv †`L‡Z my›ì L GUv DcKvix 404. wbgMvQ MíwUi g~jfve Kx‡mi ga¨ w`‡q cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
o GUv cwi‡ek-evÜe N GUv AvKv‡i †QvU K e¨‡½i o cÖZx‡Ki M eY©bvi N fvlvi Ki o ii M i I iii N ii I iii
M`¨ 08 D‡cwÿZ kw³i D‡Øvab  KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg

cvVëB we‡kølY 426. KvRx bRiæj Bmjv‡gi g‡Z, f`ª‡ì kw³ bvB 440. †`‡k hyMvšÍi mva‡bi Rb¨ ìKvi
o Kg©‡ÿ‡Î †b‡g KvR Kivi o D‡cwÿZ kw³i RvMiY
mvaviY eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi L AvZ¥wbf©ikxj nIqvi L kÖ‡gi cwigvY e„w×
M hy‡Mvc‡hvMx wkÿvi M AwfRvZ †kÖwYi Kg©ZrciZv e„w×
N f`ª m¤úÖ`v‡qi AZ¨vPv‡ii N †ewk †ewk KviLvbv wbg©vY
412. KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg KZ wLªóv‡ã Rš§MÖnY K‡ib? 427. D‡cwÿZiv f`ª mgv‡Ri †Póvq Am¤úbœ KvR 441. ÔD‡cwÿZ kw³i D‡ØvabÕ cÖe‡Ü KvRx bRiæj
K 1861 L 1885 Bmjv‡gi fvebvi mv‡_ mv`„k¨ enb K‡i †KvbwU?
m¤úbœ Ki‡Z cvi‡e
M 1880 o 1899 K A_©bxwZ L ag©bxwZ
o 1 w`‡b L 10 w`‡b
413. KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg KZ mv‡j †mbvevwnbx‡Z M 100 w`‡b N 1000 w`‡b M mykvmb o gvbeZv
†hvM`vb K‡ib?
428. fvi‡Zi Amva¨ mvab ivRbxwZi wkíx eûc`x mgvwßm~PK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
o 1917 mv‡j L 1914 mv‡j
K fviZP›`ª o gnvZ¥v MvÜx
M 1927 mv‡j N 1919 mv‡j
M fvi‡Zi †mbvevwnbx N iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi 442. f`ª m¤úÖ`v‡qi mv‡_ msMwZ i‡q‡Q
414. KZ eQi eq‡m KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg Amy¯’ nb? i. A_©we‡Ëi
429. gnvZ¥v MvÜxi mv‡_ fviZevmxi m¤úK© wQj
K AvUwÎk eQi eq‡m o Pwjøk eQi eq‡m ii. AvwfRv‡Zï
o cÖvY Ly‡j wgkevi
M cuqZvwjøk eQi eq‡m N wQqvËi eQi eq‡m iii. Ab¨vq AwePv‡ii
L †Nvovi Mvwo‡Z Po‡Z †Ìqvi
415. KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg‡K XvKvq Avbv nq M gv_vq ivRgyKzU civi wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
o evsjv‡`k cÖwZôvi ci N K‡ji ˆZwi Kvco civi K i I ii L i I iii
L evsjv‡`k cÖwZôvi Av‡M M ii I iii o i, ii I iii
430. `wi`ªiv †L‡Z bv †c‡j †K Zv‡ì mv‡_ Dcevm Ki‡Zb
M hy× PjvKv‡j 443. ÁH Z_vKw_Z Ô†QvU‡jvKÕ-Gi AšÍi Kv‡Pi
K KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg
N fvlv Av‡›`vj‡bi mgq b¨vq ¯^”Q|Ó GLv‡b †QvU‡jv‡Ki m‡½
L Ck¦iP›`ª we`¨vmvMi
416. Kwe KvRx bRiæj Bmjv‡gi Dcvwa n‡”Q o gnvZ¥v MvÜx m¤úK©hy³
K †cÖ‡gi Kwe L cÖK…wZi Kwe N ivRv ivg‡gvnb ivq i. †gnbwZ gvbyl
M cwjøKwe o we‡`ªvnx Kwe 431. fviZevmx‡K †mœnv`ª© ey‡K Kv‡Q †U‡b‡Qb ii. kÖwgK m¤úÖ`vq
417. KvRx bRiæj Bmjv‡gi cÖ_g Kve¨MÖ‡š’i bvg Kx? K iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi L ew¼gP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq iii. mvaviY PvKwiRxex
o AwMœexYv L we‡li euvwk M †Mv‡_‡j o gnvZ¥v MvÜx wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M QvqvbU N PµevK Ki L iii
432. ÔD‡cwÿZ kw³i D‡ØvabÕ cÖe‡Ü D‡cwÿZ
418. KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg KZ mv‡j gviv hvb? o i I ii N i, ii I iii
nZfvMviv Kvi w`‡K `‡j `‡j Qy‡U †M‡Q?
o 1976 L 1978 K b`xi w`‡K
444. KvRx bRiæj Bmjv‡gi g‡Z mwZ¨Kv‡ii gvbyl n‡”Q
M 1970 N 1972 L miKvwi evmfe‡bi w`‡K i. Z_vKw_Z †QvU‡jvK
M ag©vj‡qi w`‡K o gnvZ¥v MvÜxi w`‡K ii. D‡cwÿZ nZfvMviv
g~jcvVcvVëB; c„ôv 83-84 iii. f`ª m¤úÖ`vq
433. KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg Kv‡ì nvZ ai‡Z AvnŸvb
419. ÔAvgv‡ì †mB kw³‡K fzwj‡j Pwj‡e bv|Õ GLv‡b K‡i‡Qb? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
†Kvb m¤úÖ`v‡qi kw³i cÖwZ Bw½Z Kiv n‡q‡Q? K †bZ…Z¡`vbKvix‡ì o D‡cwÿZ fvB‡ì o i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
o †QvU‡jvK m¤úÖ`v‡qi L Rwg`vi m¤úÖ`v‡qi M cÖZviK‡ì N mk¯¿ e¨w³‡ì
M wn›`y m¤úÖ`v‡qi N gymwjg m¤úÖ`v‡qi Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
434. ÔD‡cwÿZ kw³i D‡ØvabÕ cÖe‡Ü DwjøwLZ Ô†QvU‡jvKivÕ
420. AvR Avgv‡ì gnvRvMi‡Yi w`‡b D‡cwÿZ e¨w³‡ì Rš§ †_‡KB AwfRvZ †kÖwYi KvQ †_‡K  DÏxcKwU c‡o wb‡Pi cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
Dci KZ Avbv kw³ wbf©i Ki‡Q? [Aby. 1]
K AZ¨vPv‡ii wkKvi nq Ôf…Z¨ Pwoj D‡Ui c„‡ô Dgi awij iwk,
K Qq Avbv L AvU Avbv gvby‡l ¯^‡M© Zzwjqv awiqv ayjvq bvwgj kkx|Õ [Aby. 3]
L wbh©vZ‡bi wkKvi nq
o `k Avbv N ev‡iv Avbv o D‡cÿvi wkKvi nq 445. ÔD‡cwÿZ kw³i D‡ØvabÕ cÖe‡Üi cÖvewÜ‡Ki †Kvb
421. †jL‡Ki g‡Z Avgiv D‡cÿv K‡i AvmwQ N mn‡hvwMZv †c‡q _v‡K gvbwmKZvi cwiPq DÏxc‡K cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q?
o `k Avbv kw³i aviK‡ì 435. D‡cwÿZ kw³i nvZ a‡i KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg K Amv¤úÖ`vwqKZvi L mZëvw`Zvi
L †Zvlv‡gv`Kvix‡ì Kx Ki‡Z †P‡q‡Qb? M åvZ…Z¡‡ev‡ai o mvgëvw`Zvi
M wb‡¯ÍR‡ì K c„w_ex‡K †f‡O w`‡Z  DÏxcKwU c‡o 446 †_‡K 448bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
N cÖexY g„ZcÖvq‡ì L c„w_ex‡K M‡o Zzj‡Z †mw`b †`wLby †i‡j
422. ÔD‡cwÿZ kw³i D‡ØvabÕ cÖe‡Ü ÔnZfvMvÕ ejv M c„w_exi gvbyl‡ì kvwšÍ w`‡Z Kzwj e‡j GK evey mve Zv‡i †V‡j w`‡j wb‡P †d‡j|
n‡q‡Q Kv‡ì‡K? o †evab-euvwk‡Z myi w`‡Z 446. DÏxc‡Ki ÔKzwjÕ I ÔD‡cwÿZ kw³i D‡ØvabÕ
o kÖwgK‡ì L ewYK‡ì 436. D‡cwÿZ fvB‡ì nvZ a‡i †evab-euvwk‡Z myi cÖe‡Üi Kv‡ì m‡½ mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q?
M AwfRvZ‡ì N AZ¨vPvix‡ì w`‡j Kx n‡e? o †gnbwZ gvbyl‡ì L AwfRvZ gvbyl‡ì
423. KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg cÖe‡Ü nZfvMv e‡j‡Qb Kv‡ì? K wek¦ †Zvgv‡K VvÆv Ki‡e M †kvlYKvix‡ì N Puvovj‡ì
K wkÿK‡ì L wek¦ †Zvgv‡K evnev w`‡e 447. GB mv`„k¨ g~jZ
o Z_vKw_Z Ô†QvU‡jvKÕ wn‡m‡e wPwýZ‡ì o wek¦ †Zvgv‡K bg¯‹vi Ki‡e
i. AnsKv‡i
M AvwfRv‡Z¨ Mwe©Z‡ì N wek¦ †Zvgv‡K wb‡q ¯^cœ †`L‡e
ii. wbh©vZ‡b
N †`‡ki Kwe‡ì iii. †kvl‡Y
kãv_© I UxKvcvVëB; c„ôv 85
424. ÔMwie‡ìÕ †QvU‡jvK e‡j bvgKiY K‡i‡Qb wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
o AvwfRvZ¨-Mwe©Z m¤úÖ`v‡qi †jv‡Kiv
437. Ôˆ`b¨Õ kã Øviv †evSvq
Ki L ii
K wèm L w`b o `xbZv N nxbZv
L G‡`‡ki Kweiv I iii
o ii N i, ii I iii
M wb¤œ‡kÖwYi †jv‡Kiv 438. ÔgmxgqÕ Gi mv‡_ mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q 448. DÏxcK I ÔD‡cwÿZ kw³i D‡ØvabÕ cÖe‡Üi
N †`‡ki mgvRcwZiv o Kj‡gi Kvwji L †gŠgvwQi †Pv‡Li
Av‡jv‡K evey mv‡ei AvPiY‡K ejv hvq
425. mij AšÍi nIqv m‡Ë¡I Z_vKw_Z †QvU‡jvKiv M †gŠgvwQi i‡Oi N gnr g‡bi
i. gvbweK
KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i bv cvV cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 85 ii. AgvbweK
o f`ª m¤úÖ`v‡qi AZ¨vPv‡ii Kvi‡Y 439. ÔD‡cwÿZ‡eva RvwM‡q †Zvjvi euvwkÕ‡K iii. Zvw”Q‡jï
L f`ª m¤úÖ`v‡qi cÖwZ wnsmv Av‡Q e‡j GKK_vq Kx ejv nq? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M f`ª‡ì mv‡_ wgk‡Z Pvq bv e‡j K cÖjq euvwk L my‡ijv euvwk K i I ii L i I iii
N wb‡Riv f`ª n‡Z Pvq bv e‡j o †evab-euvwk N giY euvwk o ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M`¨ 09 wkÿv I gbyl¨Z¡  †gvZv‡ni †nv‡mb †PŠayix

cvVëB we‡kølY 465. gvby‡li gbyl¨‡Z¡i cwiPq †KvbwU? 482. wkÿvi Avmj KvR Kx?
K Rxe‡b cÖwZôv AR©b L ÿgZvi kx‡l© Av‡ivnY K Ávb cwi‡ekb o g~j¨‡eva m„wó
mvaviY eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi o gyw³i †eva N wkÿv m¤ú~Y© Kiv M ms¯‹…wZ PP©v N we`¨vbyivM m„wó
466. gvby‡li Abœ-e‡¯¿i mgm¨v mgvav‡bi †Póv Ki‡Z
†jLK cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 87 n‡e †Kvb w`‡K jÿ †i‡L? [Aby. 1] eûc`x mgvwßm~PK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
449. †gvZv‡ni †nv‡mb †PŠayix KZ wLªóv‡ã Rš§MÖnY K‡ib? K A_©‰bwZK gyw³i o AvwZ¥K gyw³i 483. Ôwkÿv I gbyl¨Z¡Õ cÖe‡Ü †jLK g~je³e¨wU
o 1903 wLª. L 1913 wLª. M wPšÍvi ¯^vaxbZv N eyw×i ¯^vaxbZv dzwU‡q Zz‡j‡Qb †hfv‡e
M 1902 wLª. N 1893 wLª. 467. gyw³i Rb¨ KÕwU Dcvq Aej¤^b Ki‡Z nq? i. RxemËvi we‡kølY
450. ÔwkLvÕ cwÎKv cÖKvk n‡Zv o `ywU Dcvq L wZbwU Dcvq ii. cÖe‡Üi Avw½K MVb
o XvKv †_‡K L KjKvZv †_‡K M PviwU Dcvq N cuvPwU Dcvq iii. gvbemËvi we‡kølY
M Kzwgjøv †_‡K N b`xqv †_‡K 468. ÿzrwccvmv‡K gvbweK ¸‡Y ¸Yvwš^Z K‡i wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
451. †Kvb †jL‡Ki †jLvq gbbkxjZv I wPšÍvi K A_©weË L gbyl¨Z¡ o wkÿv N L¨vwZ Ki L i I ii o i I iii N ii I iii
¯^v”Q›`¨ cÖKvk N‡U‡Q? 469. Ô†`vZjv evwoi wbP Zjv‡Z emevm K‡i 484. gvby‡li gyw³i Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb
K gxi gkviid †nv‡mb o †gvZv‡ni †nv‡mb †PŠayix iwng|Õ GLv‡b iwn‡gi emev‡mi ¯’vbwUi m‡½ i. Abœe‡¯¿i wPšÍvnxbZv
M cÖg_ †PŠayix N kirP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq Zzjbxq ii. gy³g‡bi m½x
452. †gvZv‡ni †nv‡mb †PŠayixi Abyev` MÖš’ †KvbwU? o RxemËvi L gvbemËvi iii. gbyl¨Z¡‡eva
o mf¨Zv I myL L ms¯‹…wZ K_v M cigvZ¥vi N BnRM‡Zi wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M wkÿvi jÿ¨ N wkÿv I gbyl¨Z¡ 470. RxemËvi †ÿ‡Î hv cÖ‡hvR¨ K i I ii o i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
[we.`ª. Ômf¨ZvÕ I ÔmyLÕ Avjv`v `ywU Abyev` MÖš’] K wkÿv L Ávb M gyw³ o Abœe¯¿ 485. KvivMvi‡K ZvivB ¯^M©Zzj¨ g‡b K‡i, hviv
453. †gvZv‡ni †nv‡mb †PŠayix KZ mv‡j g„ZzëiY K‡ib? 471. †jv‡fi d‡j †h gvby‡li AvwZ¥K g„Zz¨ N‡U, Abyf‚wZi i. gbyl¨Z¡‡ev‡a RvMÖZ
K 1954 o 1956 M 1958 N 1960 RM‡Z Zvi m¤ú‡K© †Kvb hyw³wU MÖnY Kiv hvq? ii. A_©wPšÍvi wbM‡o ew›`
g~jcvVcvVëB; c„ôv 87-88 o †m dZzi L †m AwkwÿZ iii. gyw³i ¯^v`nxb
M †m PZzi N †m wkwÿZ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
454. Ôwkÿv I gbyl¨Z¡Õ cÖe‡Ü †jLK gvby‡li Rxeb‡K
Zzjbv K‡i‡Qb †Kvb welqwUi gva¨‡g? 472. Kx Øviv g~j¨‡eva m„wó Kiv hvq? K i I ii L i I iii o ii I iii N i, ii I iii
o wkÿv L weÁvb 486. gbyl¨‡Z¡i AvnŸvb gvby‡li g‡b wM‡q †cuŠQ‡e bv, hw`
o GKwU †`vZjv Ni L GKwU j¤^v moK
M BwZnvm N agx©q Ávb i. cÖvwY‡Z¡i euvab †_‡K gyw³ bv cvq
M GKwU R¡jšÍ cÖ`xc N GKwU e„ÿ
473. †hLv‡b g~j¨‡ev‡ai g~j¨ cvIqv nq bv; †mLv‡b ii. Abœe‡¯¿i wPšÍvq †ewo fvO‡Z bv cv‡i
455. Ômygb‡ì evwowU †`vZjvÕ GLv‡b †`vZjvi mv‡_ Kx †bB? iii. mr m‡½i mv‡_ m¤úK© bv NUvq
mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q K wePvi †bB o wkÿv †bB wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
o gvbemËvi L RxemËvi M ms¯‹…wZ †bB N mf¨Zv †bB o i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M cÖvYmËvi N †mevcivqYZvi 474. g~j¨‡ev‡ai g~j¨nxb Ae¯’v †jLK dzwU‡q
456. Ôwkÿv I gbyl¨Z¡Õ cÖe‡Ü gvbemËv‡K †jLK Zz‡j‡Qb wb‡Pi †Kvb welqwUi gva¨‡g? Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
N‡ii †Kvb Zjv e‡j‡Qb? o †mLv‡b wkÿv †bB L †mLv‡b †ivRMvi †bB
o Dc‡ii Zjv L wb‡Pi Zjv
 DÏxcKwU c‡o 487 I 488bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
M †mLv‡b m¤ú` †bB N †mLv‡b g„Zy¨‡eva †bB wewkó eëmvqx ïKzi wgqv Zuvi ¯‹zj-co–qv
M gv‡Si Zjv N Dfq Zjv
475. ÔA_©we‡Ëi †P‡qI eo n‡jv gyw³Õ †Zvgvi cwVZ †Q‡j‡K eëmv‡qi Kv‡R wb‡qvwRZ K‡ib|
457. RxemËvi Ni †_‡K gvbemËvi N‡i DVevi Dcvq Kx? †Kvb iPbvi fv‡ei mv‡_ Dw³wUi msMwZ i‡q‡Q?
A_ev, †KvbwU Avgv‡ì gvbemËvi N‡i wb‡q †h‡Z cv‡i? wZwb g‡b K‡ib UvKvB Rxe‡bi g~j| `ywbqv‡Z
o wkÿv I gbyl¨Z¡ hvi hZ UvKv †m ZZ †ewk myLx| [Aby. 3-4]
o wkÿv L A_© M gbyl¨Z¡ N eyw×
L D‡cwÿZ kw³i D‡Øvab 487. Ôwkÿv I gbyl¨Z¡Õ cÖe‡Üi Av‡jv‡K DÏxc‡Ki
458. wkÿv`xÿv gvbyl‡K †Kvb w`‡K wb‡q †h‡Z cv‡i? M wbixn evOvwj
o gbyl¨Z¡‡ev‡ai w`‡K L ARvbvi w`‡K ïKzi wgqvi gv‡S cÖvavb¨ †c‡q‡Q
N gvbyl gyn¤§` (m.) i. ÿzrwccvmv ii. AvZ¥vi Ag„Z
M web‡qi w`‡K N g›`‡jv‡Ki w`‡K
459. gvbyl‡K gbyl¨Z¡‡jv‡Ki m‡½ cwiPq Kwi‡q 476. Ôwkÿv I gbyl¨Z¡Õ cÖe‡Üi g~j welq n‡jv iii. A_©wjáv
o wkÿvi gva¨‡g gbyl¨Z¡ weKvk m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
†Ìqv Kvi KvR?
L wkÿvi ¸iæZ¡ I cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Av‡jvPbv K i I ii L ii I iii o i I iii N i, ii I iii
K eëmvq L PvKwii
M wkwÿ‡Zi gvÎv evov‡bv m¤ú‡K© hyw³wbf©i Av‡jvPbv 488. ïKzi wgqvi gvbwmKZv cwieZ©b n‡Z cv‡i hw` wZwb
o wkÿvi N wkÿv Kg©KZ©vi
N me©¯‡Í ii gvbyl‡K †evam¤úbœ Kivi civgk© o A_©wjáv‡K Rxeb-mvabv g‡b bv K‡ib
460. Ôwkÿv I gbyl¨Z¡Õ cÖe‡Ü †jLK wkÿvi w`K
dzwU‡q Zz‡j‡Qb wb‡Pi †Kvb welqwUi gva¨‡g? kãv_© I UxKvcvVëB; c„ôv 89 L wkÿvi cÖ‡qvRbxq w`K‡K ¸iæZ¡ †`b
K me©w`K M A_©wPšÍvi wbM‡o me©`v ew›` _v‡Kb
477. ÔwbMoÕ k‡ãi A_© Kx?
o cÖ‡qvR‡bi I AcÖ‡qvR‡bi w`K N Abœe‡¯¿i cÖvPz‡h©i †P‡q gyw³‡K eo K‡i bv †`‡Lb
K wZwgi L wbg©vY M bxP o wkKj
M AwfÁZvi w`K N Dcjwäi w`K 478. Ôwkÿv I gbyl¨Z¡Õ cÖe‡Ü †jLK ÿzav I Z…òvi  DÏxcKwU c‡o 489 I 490bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
461. wkÿvi †kÖô w`K wn‡m‡e wb‡Pi †KvbwU mg_©b‡hvM¨? K_v dzwU‡q Zz‡j‡Qb †Kvb welqwUi gva¨‡g? dinv` †jLvcov †kl K‡i‡Q| A‡bï DcKvi
K cÖ‡qvR‡bi w`K o AcÖ‡qvR‡bi w`K o ÿzrwccvmv L wbMo Ki‡Z Zvi fv‡jv jv‡M| wKš‘ mvg_©¨ †bB|
M me©w`K N nvjKv w`K M †jdvdv`yiw¯Í N AvwZ¥K `yM©wZ ZvB †m GKwU PvKwi‡Z †hvM`vb K‡i| KviY
462. wkÿv Avgv‡ì Kx †kLvq? 479. gvbemËv ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? †m Rv‡b A‡bï DcKvi Ki‡Z PvB‡j Av‡M
K Rxeb‡K wbt‡kl Ki‡Z K gvby‡li gb L gvby‡li AvZ¥v wb‡Ri Rxe‡bi Pvwn`v †gUv‡Z n‡e|
o Rxeb‡K Dc‡fvM Ki‡Z M gvby‡li eyw× o gbyl¨Z¡ 489. DÏxc‡Ki e³‡eï mv‡_ †Zvgvi cwVZ †Kvb
M K‡Vvi n‡Z iPbvi e³‡eï mvgÄm¨ i‡q‡Q?
N wb‡Ri ¯^v_© iÿv Ki‡Z cvV cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 89 K eB cov
463. gvbeRxe‡b wkÿv †mvbv djv‡Z cv‡i bv, hw` bv  480. Ôwkÿv I gbyl¨Z¡Õ cÖeÜwU †Kvb MÖš’ †_‡K L D‡cwÿZ kw³i D‡Øvab
o gvbyl A_©wPšÍv †_‡K gyw³ cvq †bIqv n‡q‡Q? o wkÿv I gbyl¨Z¡ N gvbyl gyn¤§` (m)
L gvbyl mywkwÿZ nq K mf¨Zv L KvjvšÍi 490. mv`„k¨c~Y© fvewU wb‡Pi †Kvb ev‡K¨ cÖwZdwjZ?
M gvbyl ¯^vaxb nq o ms¯‹…wZ K_v N mf¨Zvi msKU K GKgvÎ Dìc~wZ©‡Z gvby‡li m¤ú~Y© gb¯‘wó nq bv
N gvbyl BwZnvm m‡PZb nq 481. Ôwkÿv I gbyl¨Z¡Õ cÖe‡Üi bvgKiY †Kvb  gyw³i Rb¨ `ywU Dcvq Aej¤^b Ki‡Z n‡e
464. evB‡ii Av‡jv-nvIqvi ¯^v` cvIqv gvbyl Abœ- hyw³‡Z Ôwkÿv I gbyl¨Z¡Õ Gi cwie‡Z© M Avgiv AKg©Y¨ cyZzj Rxeb enb Kwievi
e¯¿ †c‡jI KvivMvi‡K Kx g‡b K‡i? Ôgbyl¨Z¡Õ ivLv hvq? Rb¨ m„wó nB bvB
K ¯^M©‡jvK L AvkÖgvMvi K Dc‡`k o g~je³e¨ N m‡Zï wbweo mvabvq Zvnvi PwiÎ gaygq
o KvivMvi N wekÖvgvMvi M ¯^vaxbZv N Áv‡bi weKvk nBqv DwVqvwQj
M`¨ 10 cÖevm eÜy  ˆmq` gyRZev Avjx

cvVëB we‡kølY 508. Ave`yi ingvb‡K †jLK bi`vbe e‡j‡Qb 526. dvjy`v evbv‡Z Kx jv‡M?
†Kb? [Aby 2] K KuvPv j¼v L wRiv
mvaviY eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi K AvPi‡Yi Rb¨ M Pvj k eid
k kvixwiK MV‡bi Rb¨ 527. †Kvb cvnvo †_‡K eid Avbv nq?
†jLK cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 96 M †ewk ivbœvi Rb¨ K Kveyj cvnvo L LvBevi cvnvo
491. ˆmq` gyRZev Avjx KZ wLªóv‡ã Rš§ MÖnY K‡ib? N †ewk LvIqvi Rb¨ k cvMgv‡bi cvnvo N `vwR©wjs‡qi cvnvo
K 1903 k 1904 M 1909 N 1913 509. †jLK KqwU bi`vbe †`‡L‡Qb? 528. KLb eo eo M‡Z© eid fwZ© K‡i ivLv nq?
492. KwigMÄ †Kv_vq? k `yBwU L wZbwU M PvivwU N cuvPwU K MÖx®§Kv‡j k kxZKv‡j
K XvKvq k Avmv‡g 510. †jL‡Ki †`Lv `ywU bi`vb‡ei GKRb †K? M emšÍKv‡j N kirKv‡j
M AvdMvwb¯’v‡b N KjKvZvq K wRivi k †jL‡Ki M„nf…Z¨ 529. ÔcÖevm eÜyÕ ågYKvwnwb‡Z †Kvb cÖvYxi K_v
493. ˆmq` gyRZev Avjxi ˆcZ…K wbevm †Kv_vq? M †jL‡Ki eÜy ejv n‡q‡Q?
K Avmv‡gi KwigM‡Ä L KjKvZvi †ejvnvwU N †jL‡Ki evwoIqvjv K L”Pi L Miæ k Mvav N †Nvov
M evsjv‡`‡ki wkecyi 511. ÔcÖevm eÜyÕ ågYKvwnwb‡Z bi`vb‡ei m‡½ 530. ÔingZ Zvi GjvKvi mKj Lei iv‡LÕÑ ing‡Zi
k evsjv‡`‡ki †gŠjfxevRvi mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q Kvi? m‡½ ÔcÖevm eÜyÕ ågYKvwnwbi mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q?
494. ˆmq` gyRZev Avjx Kvey‡ji †Kvb K‡j‡R K wRiv‡ii k Ave`yi ingv‡bi k Ave`yi ingv‡bi L gyRZev Avjxi
Aa¨vcbv K‡ib? M gyRZev Avjxi N LvRv‡gvjøvi M Avgxi Avjxi N Kvey‡ji gš¿xi|
k K…wl weÁvb K‡j‡R 512. Ave`yi ingvb D”PZvq KZ? 531. †jLK †hLv‡b _v‡Kb †mLvb †_‡K Kvey‡ji `~iZ¡ KZ?
L f‚wg weÁvb K‡j‡R K Pvi dzU Pvi BwÂ L cuvP dzU Pvi BwÂ K wZb gvBj k AvovB gvBj
M †ikg weÁvb K‡j‡R k Qq dzU Pvi BwÂ N mvZ dzU M `yB gvBj N GK gvBj
N fvlv weÁvb K‡j‡R 513. `yB Kuvw` gZ©gvb Kjvi m‡½ mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q wK‡mi? 532. Ave`yi ingv‡bi †evSvwU †Kgb wQj?
K Ave`yi ingv‡bi nv‡Zi k ce©‡Zi g‡Zv DuPz
495. ˆmq` gyRZev Avjx cvwK¯Ívb miKv‡ii weiæ‡×
k Ave`yi ingv‡bi nv‡Zi AvOz‡ji L ce©‡Zi g‡Zv Ge‡ov-†_e‡ov
cÖeÜ wjL‡j Zuv‡K Kx Ki‡Z nq?
M Ave`yi ingv‡bi Kv‡bi M ce©‡Zi g‡Zv k³
K †R‡j †h‡Z nq L cvwj‡q †h‡Z nq
N Ave`yi ingv‡bi cv‡qi AvOzj N ce©‡Zi g‡Zv DuP-z wbPz
k PvKwi Qvo‡Z nq N Av‡›`vjb Ki‡Z nq
514. Ave`yi ingv‡bi cv‡qi mvBR wK‡mi g‡Zv? 533. †jLK Ave`yi ingvb‡K Kx wb‡q Avm‡Z †`L‡jb?
496. wb‡Pi †KvbwU ˆmq` gyRZev Avjx iwPZ?
K Mvwoi g‡Zv k wWwO †bŠKvi g‡Zv K A‡bK e¯Ív k ce©ZcÖgvY †evSv
K gvawejZv L †k‡li KweZv
M wiwjd g¨v‡ci g‡Zv N cvš‘qvi g‡Zv M eo Mvwo N Lvev‡ii e¯Ív
k PvPv Kvwnbx N b~i Bmjvg
515. Ave`yi ingvb Avwgi Ave`yi ingvb n‡j †Kvb 534. Ave`yi ingv‡bi †evSvUv wK‡mi _‡ji g‡a¨ wQj?
497. ÔcÂZš¿Õ Kvi iPbv? K `woi L cwjw_‡bi
k ˆmq` gyRZev Avjx †`‡ki fvi enb Ki‡Zb?
K Avi‡ei L evsjv‡`‡ki k Rv‡ji N Kvc‡oi
L iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi
k AvdMvwb¯Ív‡bi N jÛ‡bi
535. †jLK Kv‡K UvOv nuvwK‡q evwo wdi‡Z †`‡Lb?
M cÖg_ †PŠayix K ingvb‡K k wRivi‡K
N KvRx †gvZvnvi †nv‡mb 516. Ave`yi ingv‡bi is †Kgb?
M gš¿x‡K N gvwS‡K
498. ˆmq` gyRZev Avjx †Kv_vq gviv hvb? K Kv‡jv k dimv M ev`vwg N mvaviY
517. ÔcÖevm eÜyÕ ågYKvwnwb‡Z †Kvb †Kvb FZzi 536. Kveyj kn‡i wbkvPi n‡Z n‡j Kx cÖ‡qvRb?
K KjKvZvq L Avmv‡g K PvKi k A¯¿ M Mvwo N B”Qv
M Avmvb‡mv‡j k XvKvq
K_v cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q?
537. Kvi ZvM` I nvwZqvi wKQyB †bB?
K MÖx®§-el©v L el©v-†ngšÍ
499. ˆmq` gyRZev Avjx KZ mv‡j g„ZzëiY K‡ib? K wRiv‡ii L Avgxi Avjxi
k kxZ-MÖx®§ N kxZ-emšÍ
k 1974 L 1976 M 1999 N 2001 k †jL‡Ki N Ave`yi ingv‡bi
518. AvdMvwb¯Ív‡bi wiwjd g¨v‡ci †Pnvivi m‡½ 538. Mvgjv fwZ© wK‡mi gvsm wQj?
g~jcvV cvVëB; c„ôv 96-101 mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q Kvi †Pnvivi? K Miæ L gyiwM M Lvwm k `y¤^v
500. †Kvb ¯’vbwU Kveyj †_‡K AvovB gvBj `~‡ii? K Aa¨ÿ wRivi L Avgxi ingv‡bi
539. gvs‡mi Mvgjvi g‡a¨ jy‡KvPzwi †LjwQj Kx?
k LvRv‡gvjøv MÖvg L cvbwki M gyRZev Avjxi k Ave`yi ingv‡bi
K Avjy k wKkwgk
M nidb‡gvjøv N Ii‡fqv 519. cÖ_g w`b †_‡K Ave`yi ingvb Kx K‡iwQj? M gmjv N †cuqvR
K SMov K‡iwQj
501. wRivi GKRb 540. †KvdZv-†cvjvI‡qi Ici Av¯Í wK‡mi †iv÷?
k wb‡Pi w`‡K ZvwK‡q wQj
K †jLK L eëmvqx M gš¿x k Aa¨ÿ K `y¤^vi L Lvwmi k gyiwMi N nwi‡Yi
M cvnv‡o †ivR †eov‡Z wb‡q †hZ
502. ÔcÖevm eÜyÕ ågYKvwnwb‡Z divwm Rv‡Zi †jvK †K? 541. †Kv_vKvi AvOzi AvdMvwb¯Ív‡b gkûi?
N Ajmfv‡e e‡m _vKZ
K Ave`yi ingvb k Aa¨ÿ wRivi K Kvey‡ji k ev‡Mevjvi
520. Ô¸iæRb‡ì w`‡K ZvKv‡Z †bBÕ GwU †h e¨w³ gvb‡e M Kvk¥x‡ii N fvi‡Zi
M †jL‡Ki PvKi N Kvey‡ji gš¿x
Zvi g‡a¨ Kx i‡q‡Q? 542. Ôh‡_ó n‡q‡Q Ave`yi ingvbÕ G ev‡K¨ Kx
503. †K Kvq`v gvwdK Ave`yi ingvb‡K Avjvc Kwi‡q †`b? K Kzms¯‹vi L fq
K gyRZev Avjx L nidzb †gŠjv cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q?
M Avk¼v k ms¯‹vi K mš‘wó L fv‡jvevmv
k wRivi mv‡ne N LvRv‡gvjøv 521. cvš‘qv wK‡mi m‡½ Zzjbxq?
504. Ave`yi ingvb Kvi M„nK‡g© wb‡qvwRZ? k weiw³ N fv‡jv jvMv
k Ave`yi ingv‡bi †PvL 543. Kveywj meyR Pv‡qi is †Kgb?
k †jL‡Ki L Aa¨ÿ wRiv‡ii L Ave`yi ingv‡bi gv_v K meyR k wd‡K njy`
M Avgxi Avjxi N gš¿x mv‡n‡ei M Ave`yi ingv‡bi AvOzj M Mvp meyR N njy`
505. †jL‡Ki me KvR †K K‡i †`‡e? N Ave`yi ingv‡bi eyK 544. Kveywjiv Kq †cqvjv Pv cvb K‡i?
K Aa¨ÿ wRivi L gvbbxq gš¿x 522. Ave`yi ingvb Kvi g‡Zv ivbœv Ki‡e e‡j K Pvi L cuvP k Qq N mvZ
k Ave`yi ingvb N Avgxi Avjx †jL‡Ki g‡b nq? 545. Kveywjiv KZ b¤î †cqvjvq Pv‡q wPwb Lvq?
506. ÔRy‡Zv eyiæk †_‡K LybLvivweÕ ej‡Z Kx k fxg †mb L jÿY †mb k cÖ_g L Z…Zxq M PZz_© N cÂg
†evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? M ejøvj †mb N Agj †mb 546. Kwdi cv‡Îi mvBR †Kgb?
K RyZv cwjk I Lyb Kiv 523. Ave`yi ingvb Av‡M †Kv_vq wQj? K eo k †QvU
k †QvU †_‡K eo me KvR K Rvnv‡R L †R‡j k cë‡b N Kvey‡j M gvSvwi N Lye eo
M SMov weev` N ivbœv I hZœ Kiv 524. KZ w`b n‡jv Ave`yi ingvb Lvjvm †c‡q‡Q? 547. Kwdi †cqvjvi m‡½ mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q wK‡mi?
507. Ônidb-†gŠjvÕ Kv‡K e‡j? k GK gvm L `yB gvm K byb`vwbi L †gvg`vwbi
k mKj KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i †h M wZb gvm N Pvi gvm M cvwbi g‡Mi k Pv‡qi †cqvjvi
L ivbœv Ki‡Z cv‡i †h 525. ivB‡dj Pvjv‡Z cviÑ Dw³wU Kvi? 548. me‡k‡l Ave`yi ingvb Kx nv‡Z N‡i †Xv‡K?
M gvivgvwi Ki‡Z cv‡i †h K Aa¨ÿ wRiv‡ii L Ave`yi ingv‡bi K dvjy`v L Pv‡qi cvÎ
N me mgq SMov K‡i †h k †jL‡Ki N Kvey‡ji gš¿xi k ev`vg-AvL‡ivU N cvwb
549. Kvey‡ji cvwb †Kgb? 568. Ôfimv †cjyg, fqI n‡jvÕ †jL‡Ki G ev‡K¨ 578. DÏxc‡Ki Rvdjs-Gi mv‡_ ÔcÖevm eÜyÕ M‡íi
K Mig L †Lvjv cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q cvbwk‡ii wecixZ wPÎ Lyu‡R cvIqv hvq
M wgwói g‡Zv i. k¼v i. cÖvK…wZK-†mŠ›`‡h© ii. FZz êwP‡Î¨
k Mjv‡bv cv_‡ii g‡Zv ii. Avk¼v iii. Rxeb hvÎvq
550. cvbwki †Kv_vq? iii. kvwšÍ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
k DËi-AvdMvwb¯Ív‡b wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L ii I iii k i I iii N i, ii I iii
L `wÿY-AvdMvwb¯Ív‡b K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii k i, ii I iii  DÏxcKwU c‡o 579 I 580bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
M c~e©-AvdMvwb¯Ív‡b 569. Ave`yi ingvb m¤ú‡K© hv mZ¨Ñ wRwbmcÎ bvgvevi duv‡K jÿ Kijyg †h Q dzwU
N cwðg AvdMvwb¯Ív‡b i. mKj KvR webv wØavq K‡i ii. Lye ivwM cvVvb‡ì †P‡qI GKgv_v DuPz GK f`ª‡jvK
551. Ave`yi ingv‡bi †`k AvdMvwb¯Ív‡bi †Kv_vq? iii. gwb‡ei cÖwZ hZœkxj Avgvi w`‡K GwM‡q Avm‡Qb| Zuvi bvg †kL
K cwð‡g L `wÿ‡Y k DË‡i N c~‡e© wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? Avng` Avjx| [MšÍe¨ Kveyj ˆmq` gyRZev Avjx]
552. cvbwki gvbyl †Zv cv‡q †nu‡U P‡j bv, evZv‡mi Dci K i I ii k i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 579. DÏxcKwUi †kL Avng` Avjx †Zvgvi cwVZ
fi K‡i †hb D‡o P‡j hvq evK¨wU †Kgb? 570. gwZb evRvi †_‡K A‡bK `ªe¨ GKv e‡q Av‡b| Ab¨ iPbvi Kvi K_v g‡b Kwi‡q †`q?
k fvecÖavb L ev¯Íeag©x KviI mvnvh¨ †bIqvi cÖ‡qvRb Zvi g‡bB nq bv|Ñ K Aa¨ÿ wRivi L myfv‡li
M wbixÿvg~jK N KíKvwnwb gwZ‡bi m‡½ Ave`yi ingv‡bi wgj n‡jvÑ k Ave`yi ingvb N dwK‡ii
553. †Quov †Quov †cuRv Zz‡jvi g‡Zv Kx? i. Df‡qB cwikÖgx ii. Df‡qB mij g‡bi 580. D³ mv`„‡kï KviY
K cvwb L evZvm k eid N dzj iii. Df‡qiB eyw× GKUz Kg i. Df‡qB Qq dz‡Ui †ewk D”PZvi gvbyl
554. wK‡mi BwÄ‡bi wmwUi kã †kvbv hvq? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? ii. Df‡qB †jL‡Ki †mevq wb‡qvwRZ
K `viæm mvjv‡gi k `viæj Avgv‡bi K i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii k i, ii I iii iii. Zviv Df‡qB eìvMx
M `viæj gyjv‡ii N `viæj Avg‡bi 571. Kveyj kn‡i wbkvPi nIqvi Rb¨ ZvM` I wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
555. Kvey‡ji evRv‡i Kx cvIqv hvq? nvwZqvi cÖ‡qvRb nq| KviY k i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii
K ev`vg L mewR i. GLvbKvi †jvKRb K_vq K_vq SMov-ePmv K‡i  DÏxcKwU c‡o 581 I 582bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
k Kv‡jv Pkgv N dvjy`vi eid ii. GLv‡b iv‡Z GKv Pjv‡div wbivc` bq †Kv_v nv nšÍ, wPiemšÍ!
556. cvbwk‡ii nvIqvi m‡½ mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q wK‡mi? iii. GLv‡b †Kv‡bv gvbylB fv‡jv bq Avwg em‡šÍ gwi
k aviv‡jv Qywii L †Nvovi †Z‡Ri wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? eÜy †h hZ ¯^‡cœi g‡Zv
M VvÛv ei‡di N gqjvnxb dz‡ji k i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii evmv †Q‡o w`j f½
kãv_© I UxKvcvVëB; c„ôv 101 572. Lvbv †Uwe‡ji mvg‡b wM‡q Ave`yi ingvb †g‡mi Pv‡R© wbwkw`b a‡i ùvov‡q
wQj G wel‡q †jL‡Ki m‡›`n `~i n‡jv; KviY wkq‡i †gvi cyivZb f…Z¨ [cyivZb f…Z¨ iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi]
557. ÔIi‡fvqvÕ Kx fvlvi kã?
i. †Uwe‡j AwZwi³ Lvevi wQj 581. ÔcÖevm eÜyÕ ågYKvwnwb‡Z DÏxc‡Ki f…‡Zï
K Aviwe L dviwm k divwm N D`©y
ii. †Uwe‡j A‡bK gvby‡li Lvevi wQj cÖwZiƒc †K?
558. ÔZ¤^xÕ k‡ãi A_© Kx? [Aby 1]
iii. †m A‡bK wKQy ivbœv K‡iwQj K Avgvb L wRivi
K eo †`n L ÿxY †`n
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? k Ave`yi ingvb N gwbi ingvb
k wZi¯‹vi N cybivq
K i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii k i, ii I iii 582. Ave`yi ingvb I cyivZb f…Z¨
559. ÔZvM`Õ A_© Kx? 573. Ave`yi ingv‡bi m‡½ Wv³vwi K‡j‡Ri Qv‡Îi i. Amr
K ZvMv`v k kw³ M `ªæZZv N cybivq
mv`„k¨ †Kv_vq? ii. wbôvevb
560. ÔeªþiÜªÕ †Kv_vq? i. GKwbôZvq ii. †KvZ‚n‡j iii. `vwqZ¡kxj
K Zvjyi mvg‡b k Zvjyi †K‡›`ª iii. Zš§qZvq wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M Zvjyi Z‡j N Zvjyi †cQ‡b wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? Ki L i I ii k ii I iii N i, ii I iii
cvV cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 101 K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii k i, ii I iii  DÏxcKwU c‡o 583 I 584bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
561. ÔcÖevm eÜyÕ Kx ai‡bi iPbv? 574. ev‡Mevjvi AvOzi m¤ú‡K© †jLK e‡j‡Qb Avwè Zvi eÜy Zvjnv‡K e‡j bv‡Uv‡i A‡bK
i. G AvOzi gkûi ii. G AvOzi UK Mig c‡o| gvVNvU †d‡U †PŠwPi n‡q hvq|
K Dcb¨vm L Kve¨MÖš’
iii. ei‡d XvKv _vK‡jI Zv wng bq †ewkifvM mgq gvbyl N‡ii †fZ‡i _v‡K|
k ågYKvwnwb N cÖeÜ
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 583. DÏxc‡Ki bv‡Uv‡ii m‡½ ÔcÖevm eÜyÕ ågYKvwnwbi
562. ÔcÖevm eÜyÕ Ô†`‡k we‡`‡kÕ MÖ‡š’i †Kvb Ask?
K i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii k i, ii I iii †Kvb ¯’v‡bi wecixZ wPÎ cÖKvk K‡i?
K Øv`k k cÂ`k M GKv`k N Î‡qv`k
563. AvdMvwb¯Ív‡bi ivRavbx †Kv_vq? 575. Kvey‡ji Pv n‡jv K d«vÝ L Bsj¨vÛ M Kveyj k cvbwki
i. meyR Pv 584. D³ ¯’v‡bi m‡½ êmv`„‡kï KviYÑ
k Kveyj L mvB‡ewiqv
ii. †cqvjvq Xvj‡j †mB Pv‡qi is njy` nq i. AvenvIqvi êcixZ¨
M `viæj N LvRv‡gvjøv
iii. Kveywjiv †QvU †cqvjvq Zv cvb K‡i ii. AwZwi³ AjmZv
564. ÔcÖevm eÜyÕ ågYKvwnwb‡Z cÖKvk N‡U‡Q?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? iii. AwaK Mig
K †jL‡Ki ¯^‡`k‡cÖg k †jL‡Ki âh©
K i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii k i, ii I iii wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M †jL‡Ki AvwZ‡_qZv N †jL‡Ki mijZv
576. Ave`yi ingv‡bi evwo m¤ú‡K© ejv hvqÑ K i I ii L ii I iii
eûc`x mgvwßm~PK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi i. cvbwki DËi AvdMvwb¯Ív‡b Aew¯’Z k i I iii N i, ii I iii
ii. †mLv‡b AvenvIqv Lye fv‡jv  DÏxcKwU c‡o 585 I 586bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
565. wRivi mv‡n‡ei †ÿ‡Î †h welqwU mZ¨ iii. kxZKv‡j mvZ w`b ch©šÍ eid c‡o
i. wZwb GKRb wkÿK `xß GBP.Gm.wm cixÿv †kl K‡i eÜy‡ì m‡½
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? fviZ åg‡Y hvq| Zviv wewfbœ RvqMv, †hgb
ii. wZwb GKRb divwm K i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii k i, ii I iii
iii. wZwb GKRb wfZz gvbyl KjKvZv, w`wjø I Avmvg ågY K‡i| Zvi
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi me‡P‡q fv‡jv jv‡M KjKvZv| †mLv‡b †m
k i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii evsjvq K_v ej‡Z cv‡i| evsjv‡`wk A‡bK
566. Ave`yi ingvb‡K Ôbi`vbeÕ ejvi KviY LveviI †mLv‡b cvIqv hvq| G åg‡Y †m
kx‡Zi QywU‡Z †Rwib wm‡j‡Ui Rvdjs †eov‡Z hvq| wewPÎ AwfÁZv AR©b K‡i|
i. †m DuPz j¤^v ii. Zvi wekvj kixi †mLv‡bi cÖvK…wZK †mŠ›`h©, cvnvwo Sibv, b`x
iii. †m fv‡jv iuv‡a
585. DÏxcKwU †Zvgvi cwVZ †Kvb iPbvi K_v g‡b
mewKQy Zv‡K Mfxifv‡e AvKl©Y K‡i| mvwe©K Kwi‡q †`q?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? †mŠ›`‡h© gy» n‡q †m evev‡K e‡j, ÔGLv‡b Avgv‡ì K eB cov k cÖevm eÜy
k i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii GKUv evwo evwb‡q †`‡e?Õ [Aby. 3-4] M Avg AuvwUi †fucy N Avgvi cwiPq
567. Ave`yi ingvb KL‡bv †jL‡Ki w`‡K ZvKvqwbÑ KviY 577. DÏxc‡Ki †Rwi‡bi mv‡_ M‡íi †jL‡Ki 586. DÏxcK I Av‡jvP¨ iPbv m¤ú‡K© hv mZ¨Ñ
i. ¸iæR‡bi w`‡K ZvKv‡bv AbywPZ PvIqv GKm~‡Î euvav bq, KviY †jLK cvbwki i. ågYKvwnwb
ii. Ave`yi ingvb ms¯‹vicwš’ †h‡Z †P‡qwQ‡jb ii. wewPÎ AwfÁZvi cÖKvk NUvq
iii. †jLK Ave`yi ingv‡bi ¸iæRb K AeKvk hvc‡bi Rb¨ L we‡bv`‡bi Rb¨ iii. bZzb RvqMvi eY©bv i‡q‡Q
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? k Rxeb euvPv‡Z wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii k i, ii I iii N †mŠ›`h© Dc‡fv‡Mi Rb¨ K i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii k i, ii I iii
M`¨ 11 ggZvw`  gvwbK e‡›`¨vcva¨vq

cvVëB we‡kølY 602. ÔggZvw`Õ M‡í ggZvwì ¯^fve †Kgb? 618. ÔggZvw`Õ M‡íi Rxebgq MwjwU †Kgb?
K Pcjv L KzwUj K A¯^v¯’¨Ki L wec¾bK
mvaviY eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi o fvwi Pvcv N gyLiv o wekÖx †bvsiv N AcivacÖeY
603. ÔggZvw`Õ M‡íi †jL‡Ki evwo †_‡K LvwbK `~‡i Kx? 619. Ò†m ejj, g‡b n‡”Q cvZv‡j P‡jQ, bv?Ó G
†jLK cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 104 K iƒcPvb jv‡ji Mwj L cvZjvLv‡bi Mwj wPÎK‡í Kx dz‡U D‡V‡Q?
587. weµgcyi AÂjwU †Kvb †Rjvq Aew¯’Z? M giYg‡qi Mwj o Rxebg‡qi Mwj K †ivgvÂKi c_ Pjv
K bvivqYMÄ o gywÝMÄ 604. ggZvw` KZ b¤î evwo‡Z _v‡K? L fxwZKi cvZvj Awfhvb
M gvwbKMÄ N biwms`x K m‡Z‡iv b¤î L GKzk b¤î
M †jL‡Ki Mí ejvi gywÝqvbv
588. 1926 mv‡ji mv‡_ gvwbK e‡›`¨vcva¨v‡qi o mvZvk b¤î N muvBwÎk b¤î
o RxebgqMwji wNwÄ cwi‡ek
m¤úK© i‡q‡Q 605. ggZvwì msmv‡i †K †K Av‡Q? 620. ÔggZvw`Õ M‡íi mvZvk b¤^‡ii evwoUv Kq Zjv?
o g¨vwUªK cv‡mi †ÿ‡Î o ¯^vgx Avi GK †Q‡j
K GKZjv o †`vZjv
L AvB.Gmwm cv‡mi †ÿ‡Î L ¯^vgx Avi ey‡ov evc
M wZbZjv N PviZjv
M we.Gmwm cv‡mi †ÿ‡Î M ¯^vgx-mšÍvb, k¦ïi-kvïwo
N Gg.Gmwm cv‡mi †ÿ‡Î
621. ggZvw` †jLK‡K †kvevi N‡i wb‡q wM‡q
N GK †Q‡j Avi ey‡ov k¦ïi
589. gvwbK e‡›`¨vcva¨v‡qi cÖ_g Mí †KvbwU? 606. ggZvwì †eZb KZ UvKv wba©viY Kiv †Kv_vq em‡Z w`j?
o AZmxgvgx L cÖv‰MwZnvwmK K †Pqv‡i L †PŠwK‡Z o Uz‡j N †g‡S‡Z
n‡qwQj? [Aby. 1]
M mixm„c N wPÎvejx K 10 UvKv L 12 UvKv
622. ggZvwì cuvP eQ‡ii †Q‡jwU mviv ivZ Nygvqwb †Kb?
590. gvwbK e‡›`¨vcva¨v‡qi Abvm© cvm Kiv nqwb †Kb? o 15 UvKv N 18 UvKv o †c‡Ui e¨_vq
K cixÿvq AK…ZKvh© nIqvq 607. ggZvw`‡K †jLK †Kv_vq cvKovI Ki‡jb? L R¡‡ii ZxeªZvq
L `vwi‡`ªï Kvi‡Y o †M‡Ui Kv‡Q L ivbœvN‡i M ÿzavi R¡vjvq
o mvwnZ¨ mvabvq AwZ gMœ nIqvq M iv¯Ívq N eviv›`vq N Wvqwiqvq AvµvšÍ nIqvq
N ivR‰bwZK Av‡›`vj‡b Rwo‡q covq 608. ÔggZvw`Õ M‡í Kv‡K †jL‡Ki fv‡jv †j‡MwQj? 623. ggZvwì N‡i wK‡mi `xbZv wQj?
591. gvwbK e‡›`¨vcva¨vq †Kvb wLªóv‡ã gviv hvb? K wbiæcgv‡K L Kv`¤îx‡K K Avmeve mvgMÖxi L UvKv-cqmvi
o 1956 wLªóv‡ã L 1957 wLªóv‡ã o ggZvw`‡K N gÄywjw`‡K o Av‡jv-evZv‡mi N myL-kvwšÍi
M 1958 wLªóv‡ã N 1960 wLªóv‡ã 609. Ô`xN©w`b ci PvKwi †c‡q myg‡bi Lywki Avi mxgv 624. ÔZzwg Gevi evwo hvI fvB| †Zvgvi wL‡`
592. 1956 mv‡ji wW‡m¤î gv‡mi KZ Zvwi‡L †bBÕ myg‡bi mv‡_ wgj i‡q‡Q †Kvb Pwi‡Îi? †c‡q‡Q|Õ ggZvwì GB Dw³‡Z cÖKvk cvq
gvwbK e‡›`¨vcva¨vq g„ZzëiY K‡ib? K wbiæcgv o ggZvw` K †m Lvevi LvIqv‡Z Pvq wb
o3 L5 M7 N9 M nwini N Aewb o Zvi N‡i Lvevi wQj bv
g~jcvVcvVëB; c„ôv 104-110 610. ggZvwì wgwó †L‡Z eviY Kivi g‡a¨ Kx dz‡U M †m Sv‡gjv `~i Ki‡Z †P‡q‡Q
D‡VwQj? N †m Lye weiw³‡eva KiwQj
593. ÔggZvw`Õ M‡í †iv‡` e‡m †jLK Kx KiwQ‡jb? o Av‡e`b L fr©mbv 625. ggZvw` †jLK‡K ïay Ôw`w`Õ e‡j WvK‡Z e‡jwQj †Kb?
K Mv‡q †Zj gvLwQ‡jb
M wZi¯‹vi N e¨½ o AvZ¥gh©v`vi Rb¨
L †Ljv KiwQ‡jb
611. ggZvw` Pg‡K nvwm eÜ Kij †Kb? L †m eªvþYKb¨v bq e‡j
M kvw¯Í †fvM KiwQ‡jb
o †jLK evgybw` ejvq M †m †jL‡Ki †evb n‡Z Pvq e‡j
o cov ˆZwi KiwQ‡jb
L †jLK Zvi K_v †kvbvq N WvKwU Zvi wcÖq e‡j
594. ÔggZvw`Õ M‡í ÒAvcbviv ivbœvi Rb¨ †jvK M ivbœvN‡i gvÕi AvMg‡b
ivL‡eb?Ó evK¨wU Øviv Kx †evSvq? 626. eZ©gvb †cÖÿvc‡U ggZvw`‡K ejv hvq
N Pzjvi Auv‡P Wvj cy‡o hvIqvq
o Kg©V bvix L mvnmx bvix
o wRÁvmv L Z_¨ AbymÜvb 612. ÔggZvw`Õ M‡í evgybw` m‡¤^vabwU wK‡mi mv‡_ M webqx bvix N msmvix bvix
M AbyÁv N we¯§q Zzjbxq n‡q‡Q?
595. Ô†hUzKz m‡¼vP wbZvšÍB _vKv DwPZ ZvI Gi K fr©mbv L KUzK_v kãv_© I UxKvcvVëB; c„ôv 110
†bBÕ Kvi? o Mvj N †KŠZzK 627. ÔevQvÕ kãwU ÔggZvw`Õ M‡í Kx A‡_© eën„Z n‡q‡Q?
K †jL‡Ki L †jL‡Ki gv‡qi 613. ggZvwì Mv‡j wK‡mi `vM c‡o wQj? K ev` †Ìqv L cQ›` Kiv
o ggZvwì N ggZvwì ¯^vgxi K †gQZvi L AuvP‡oi M evQvB Kiv o erm ev m‡¤^vab
596. ggZvwì eqm KZ wQj? M †k¦‡Zi o AvOy‡ji
628. Ôc`©v †V‡jÕ kã¸‡jvi †ÿ‡Î wb‡Pi †Kvb A_©wU
o †ZBk eQi L PweŸk eQi 614. ggZvw` Kxfv‡e Avbgbv I M¤¢xi n‡q †Mj? mg_©b‡hvM¨?
M cuwPk eQi N †ZwÎk eQi o Mv‡j nvZ Nl‡Z Nl‡Z
K c`©v mwi‡q L c`©v DuPz K‡i
597. ggZvwì †PvL `ywU †Kgb †`Lvw”Qj? L nvm‡Z Avi¤¢ K‡i
o cÖ_v f½ K‡i N j¾vkig fz‡j
K D¾¡j o w¯’i APÂj M fv‡Zi nuvwoi eyèy` †`L‡Z †`L‡Z
M wb®úÖf N PÂj N wb‡Pi †VuvU ùv‡Z Kvg‡o cvV cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 110
598. ggZvwì †`nveqe I cwi”Q‡ì eY©bvq Kx dz‡U D‡V‡Q? 615. Po LvIqvi welqwU w`w` †Kb †Mvcb 629. ÔggZvw`Õ M‡í †Kvb w`KwU cÖvavb¨ †c‡q‡Q?
K iuvaywbi †ek †i‡LwQ‡jb? [Aby. 2] K M„nKg©x‡ì KZ©e¨K‡g© `ÿZv
L PvKwicÖvw_©bxi Ae¯’v K j¾v †c‡q o AvZ¥m¤§v‡bi Rb¨ L M„nKg©x‡ì `ytLMv_v
M ga¨we‡Ëi g~wZ© o `vwi‡`ªï †K¬k M wec‡ì Avk¼vq N PvKwi hvIqvi f‡q o M„nKg©x‡ì cÖwZ gvbweK AvPiY
599. ÔggZvw`Õ M‡í †K ivbœv Qvov †QvU †QvU KvRI Ki‡e? 616. ÒKv‡iv Kv‡Q hv cvB bv, Zzwg Zv †`‡e †Kb?Ó N M„nKg©x‡ì cÖwZ †ckv`vi AvPiY
K iuvaywb L evgybw` evK¨wU‡Z Kx cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q? 630. ÔggZvw`Õ †Kgb N‡ii bvix?
o ggZvw` N evgyb VvKzi K `vwi`ª¨ I eÂbv K e‡bw` N‡ii o gh©v`vm¤úbœ N‡ii
600. Ôgv Zv‡K †Riv Ki‡jb|Õ GLv‡b Ô†RivÕ k‡ãi o Kvw•ÿZ R‡bi Kv‡Q Abvì Ae‡njv M evgyb N‡ii N ew¯ÍN‡ii
mv‡_ m¤úK© i‡q‡Q M wb¤œ †eZb-fvZv
K wkÿ‡Ki o DwK‡ji N ¯^vgx-mšÍv‡bi `yie¯’v eûc`x mgvwßm~PK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
M eëmvqxi N Wv³v‡ii 617. ¯^vgxi PvKwi nIqvi c‡iI ggZvwì KvR 631. ggZvwì wbtms‡KvP Av‡e`‡bi KviY
601. ÔggZvw`Õ M‡í gv ggZvw`‡K †Riv Ki‡jb †Kb? Kivi KviY Kx? i. N‡i‡Z Afve, msmvi Avi P‡j bv
o Kv‡R wb‡qvM`v‡bi cÖ‡qvR‡b K `y‡Uv cqmv AwZwi³ Avq ii. cÖvYcY †Póvq AwZwi³ Rq K‡i †djv
L Zv‡K cQ›` nqwb e‡j o ¯^vgxi wb¤œ Av‡qi PvKwi iii. †ckv`vwi g‡bvfve I cÖMj&fZv
M Zv‡K m‡›`n nIqvq M bvixi ÿgZvq‡bi ¯ú„nv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
N gvÕi evev DwKj ZvB N M„nKÎ©xi †mœn-ggZv o i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
632. †h Kvi‡Y ggZvw` c`©v †V‡j DcvR©‡bi Rb¨ Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi Z`viwK K‡i †h, mevB e‡j ÒAvwRRvi
evB‡i G‡m‡Q †g¤^vi evwoi †Pqvig¨vb|Ó
 DÏxcKwU c‡o 635 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
i. ¯^vgxi PvKwi †bB Pvi gvm 636. DÏxc‡Ki AvwRRvi PwiÎwU ÔggZvw`Õ M‡íi
gv gviv †M‡j wbivkÖq †Kóv êgv‡Îq †evb
ii. msmv‡ii Rb¨ `y‡Uv evowZ DcvR©b †Kvb PwiÎ‡K mg_©b K‡i?
Kv`w¤^bxi evwo‡Z AvkÖq †bq| Zvi GB
iii. msmvi Avi P‡j bv K †jL‡Ki gv L †jLK
AbvKvw•ÿZ AvMgb Kv`w¤^bx fv‡jvfv‡e †bqwb eis
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? o ggZvw` N ggZvwì ¯^vgx
g‡b g‡b †m fxlY ALywk| Zv‡K w`‡q cÖwZwbqZ
Ki L i I ii o i I iii N i, ii I iii 637. DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K ÔggZvw`Õ M‡í wPwÎZ n‡q‡Q
msmv‡ii bvbv KvR Kwi‡q wb‡”Q| Kvi‡Y AKvi‡Y
633. ÔggZvw`Õ M‡í †jL‡Ki gbtÿzYœ nIqvi KviY Zz”Q welq wb‡q cÖvqB `ye©ënvi K‡i| wbiæcvq i. ggZvwì msmv‡ii KvR¸‡jv‡K Avcb K‡i
i. ggZvwì GK †m‡KÛI bv ùvov‡bv †bIqv
†Kóv mewKQy bxi‡e mn¨ K‡i| [Aby. 3]
ii. †jLK‡K Zz”Q K‡i P‡j hvIqv ii. ggZvwì Kv‡Ri k„•Ljv I wÿcÖZv
iii. †jL‡Ki mv‡_ fve Rwg‡q `y‡Uv K_v bv ejv 635. †h wePv‡i †Kóv I ggZvw` GKm~‡Î Muv_v Zv n‡jv iii. ggZvwì bxi‡e bZgy‡L KvR Kiv
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? i. `vwi`ª¨ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
Ki L ii M iii o i, ii I iii ii. AmnvqZ¡ Ki L ii o i I ii N i I iii
634. Ônvbœvb Zvi ¯¿x‡K †g‡i i³v³ K‡i‡Q|Õ iii. wbivkÖq 638. DÏxc‡Ki †g¤^vi evwoi ga¨ w`‡q ÔggZvw`Õ
nvbœv‡bi ¯¿xi Ae¯’v jÿ Kiv hvq †h Pwi‡Î wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M‡í †h evwoi K_v †evSv hvq Zv n‡jv
o i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii
i. ggZvw` ii. †jLK K ggZvwì k¦ïievwoi
iii. †jL‡Ki gv  DÏxcKwU c‡o 636 †_‡K 638bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : o †jL‡Ki evwoi
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? AvwRRvi †g¤^vi evwoi eQi euvav Kvgjv| Rwg- M Rxebgq Mwji mvZvk b¤î evwoi
oi L ii M iii N i, ii I iii wR‡iZ †_‡K †Mvqvj-cyKzi me©Î †m Ggwb N ggZvwì ev‡ci evwoi
M`¨ 12 cqjv êkvL  Kexi †PŠayix

cvVëB we‡kølY 649. cqjv Rvbyqvwi‡K D‡Ïk¨ K‡i KweZv wj‡L‡Qb †K? 659. beel© D`&hvc‡bi gva¨‡g Kx cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q? [Aby. 2]
K iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi o †Uwbmb K DMÖ RvZxqZv o HK¨‡eva
mvaviY eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi M Awgq PµeZx© N weòz †` M eûgyLx fvebv N mvs¯‹…wZK wfbœZv
650. bee‡l©i HwZn¨ †Kgb? 660. c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡bi gvbyl Kxfv‡e ag©wbi‡cÿZvi
†jLK cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 116 K AvaywbK L mv¤úÖ`vwqK Av`‡k©i cÖwZdjb NwU‡q‡Q?
639. Kwei †PŠayixi Rš§ ZvwiL n‡jv o mycÖvPxb N mv¤úÖwZK o beel© D`&hvcb K‡i L C` D`&hvcb K‡i
K 7 †deªæqvwi o 9 †deªæqvwi 651. Kv‡ji hvÎvc_ a‡i bee‡l©i wK‡mi cvjve`j M c~Rv D`&hvcb K‡i N eow`b D`&hvcb K‡i
M 11 †deªæqvwi N 13 †deªæqvwi N‡U‡Q? 661. AvR ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`‡ki †Kvb w`bwU bvbv
640. Kexi †PŠayix †Kv_vq Rš§MÖnY K‡ib? K bv‡gi L Drm‡ei Zvwi‡Li Kg©Kv‡Ði ga¨ w`‡q DrmegyLi n‡q I‡V?
o eªvþYevwoqv L Kzwgjøv o D`&hvcb ixwZi N RvwZMZ êwP‡Îï K 15B AvM÷ L 21†k †deªæqvwi
M †bvqvLvjx N Kzwóqv 652. cÖvPxb K…wl mgv‡R wK‡mi ci beRxe‡bi M 1jv Rvbyqvwi o 1jv êkvL
641. Kexi †PŠayix Kx wn‡m‡e f‚wlZ nb? Avwef©v‡e evsjv beel© D`&hvcb Kiv n‡Zv? 662. Dcgnv‡`k wef³ n‡qwQj KZ mv‡j?
K RvZxq wkíx L RvZxq Awf‡bZv K em‡šÍi c‡i K 1937 L 1945
o RvZxq Aa¨vcK N RvZxq bvU¨Kvi L †ng‡šÍi c‡i o 1947 N 1950
642. Kexi †PŠayix †Kvb ivó«eë¯’v cÖwZôvi Rb¨ M el©vi c‡i 663. c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡bi Kviv ag© I m¤úÖ`vq
AvRxeb msMÖvg K‡i‡Qb? o kxZKvjxb wbRx©eZvi c‡i wbi‡cÿfv‡e GKwU cÖwZev`x g‡bvfve wb‡q
o AvaywbK L MYZvwš¿K 653. GK mgq Kviv bee‡l©i Drm‡e †mvrmv‡n †hvM w`Z? cig Drmvn f‡i evsjv beel© D`&hvcb Ki‡Q?
M mv¤úÖ`vwqK N mgvRZvwš¿K K wLªóvbiv L wn›`yiv K K…lK‡kÖwY L ivR‰bwZK †bZv
643. ÔcÖvPxb Bs‡iwR Kve¨ mvwnZ¨Õ MÖ‡š’i iPwqZv †K? M gymwjgiv o evsjvi me gvbyl M mvaviY gvbyl o wkwÿZ gvbyl
K †gvZv‡ni †nv‡mb †PŠayix 654. HwZnvwmK Aveyj dRj beel©‡K Kx e‡j 664. MÖvgevsjv wQj cqjv êkv‡Li Avb›`vbyôv‡bi
o Kexi †PŠayix D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb? [Aby. 1] cÖvY‡K›`ª, kn‡i wK‡mi wfwË‡Z Zv MÖvg †_‡K wfbœ?
o bI‡ivR L RvZxq Drme o A_©‰bwZK wfwË‡Z L ivR‰bwZK wfwË‡Z
M Avwbmy¾vgvb N ûgvqyb AvRv`
M Abb¨ Drme N el©eiY Drme M mvgvwRK wfwË‡Z
644. mvwn‡Z¨ Ae`v‡bi Rb¨ Kexi †PŠayix †Kvb
cyi¯‹v‡i f‚wlZ nb? 655. Aveyj dR‡ji e‡j hvIqviI KZ Av‡M †_‡K N Av_©-mvgvwRK wfwË‡Z
o evsjv GKv‡Wwg cyi¯‹vi
G‡`‡ki RbMY evsjv beel© cvjb K‡i Avm‡Q? 665. Ô¸jRv‡ii cwiev‡ii Ici Rv‡e` †g¤^vi cÖfve
K cuvP eQi L cÂvk eQi we¯Ívi Ki‡Z PvqÕ GwU Ôcqjv êkvLÕ cÖe‡Üi
L AvjvIj mvwnZ¨ cyi¯‹vi
M mËi eQi o eû kZel©
M g¨vMmvm cyi¯‹vi †Kvb w`KwUi m‡½ mv`„k¨c~Y©?
656. K‡e evsjv beel© cvj‡bi g‡a¨ G‡`‡ki †kvwlZ K RvZxqZvev` L mv¤úÖ`vwqKZv
N Avb›` cyi¯‹vi
I cikvwmZ RbM‡Yi wP‡Ë ¯^v‡`wkKZv I o mvgªvRëv` N mwnsmev`
645. ÔGKz‡k c`KÕ jvf K‡ib RvZxqZvev`x †PZbvi cÖwZdjb N‡UwQj?
K KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg 666. Avgv‡ì †`‡k beel© D`hvcb ixwZ‡Z
K AvVv‡iv kZ‡Ki cÖ_‡g
L Rxebvb›` `vk cwieZ©b G‡m‡Q †Kvb Kvi‡Y?
L AvVv‡iv kZ‡Ki †k‡l
M RmxgD`&`xb o Kexi †PŠayix K HwZ‡nï cvjve`‡j
M Ebwesk kZvãxi cÖ_‡g
646. Kexi †PŠayix g„ZzëiY K‡ib 2011 mv‡ji o mg‡qi cwieZ©‡b
o Ebwesk kZvãxi †k‡l
M gvby‡li wPšÍvi cwieZ©‡b
K 7 wW‡m¤î L 9 wW‡m¤î 657. Bs‡iR kvmbvg‡j beel© cvj‡bi g‡a¨ Kv‡ì
N A_©‰bwZK mg„w×i Kvi‡Y
o 13 wW‡m¤î N 17 wW‡m¤î wP‡Ë ¯^v‡`wkKZv I RvZxqZvev`x †PZbvi
cÖwZdjb N‡U? 667. K…wl mgv‡Ri m‡½ bee‡l©i †hvMm~Î wQj †Kb?
g~jcvV cvVëB; c„ôv 116-118 o †kvwlZ I cikvwmZ‡ì
K K…lKiv evOvwj ms¯‹…wZi aviK wQj e‡j
647. cÖvq me †`‡k, me Rb‡Mvôxi g‡a¨, me L kvwmZ I †kvwlZ‡ì L K…lKiv bee‡l©i w`‡b dmj ZzjZ e‡j
ms¯‹…wZ‡ZB Kx D`&hvc‡bi cÖ_v cÖPwjZ Av‡Q? M ivRv I cÖRv‡ì N me©¯‡Í ii gvby‡li o K…wlwfwËK A_©bxwZ wQj e‡j
o beel© L C` 658. KLb evsjv beel© D`hvc‡bi m‡½ N K…lKiv êkvLx †gjvi Av‡qvRb KiZ e‡j
M `yMv© c~Rv N emšÍeiY mvgªvRëv`we‡ivax †PZbv hy³ n‡qwQj? 668. Bs‡iR mvgªvRëv`x †ewbqv kw³i mvg‡b ¯^vaxb
648. Ôcqjv êkvLÕ cÖe‡Ü DwjøwLZ †Uwbm‡bi K Ebwesk kZvãxi cÖ_gv‡a© evsjvi m~h© Wz‡e hvIqvi c~e© gyn~‡Z© †K
KweZvi m‡½ Kvi KweZvi wgj i‡q‡Q? L Ebwesk kZvãxi †klv‡a© †klev‡ii g‡Zv WvK w`‡qwQj?
K bRiæj Bmjv‡gi L myax›`ªbv_ `‡Ëi o wesk kZvãxi cÖ_gv‡a© K AvKei o wmivR‡ÏŠjv
M Rxebvb›` `v‡ki o iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii N wesk kZvãxi †klv‡a© M wmivR muvB N Aveyj dRj
669. Ômvewibv Zvi eÜy‡ì m‡½ igbvi eUg~‡j wM‡q 677. wK‡mi m‡½ mvgÄm¨ †i‡L cÖvPxbKvj †_‡KB
DrmegyLi cwi‡e‡k cvšÍv-Bwjk Lv‡”Q|Õ G evsjv beel© D`&hvc‡bi aviYv ˆZwi nq? Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
welqwUi m‡½ mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q o dmj Drcv`b L gr‡mï m‡½  DÏxcKwU c‡o 683 I 684bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
o cqjv êkv‡Li L C‡ì M g„rwk‡íi m‡½ N Ni †Zvjvi m‡½ Ôevsjvi wn›`y
M c~Rv Drm‡ei N weRq Drm‡ei 678. wK‡mi e„Ë AwZµg K‡i evsjv beel© Drme evsjvi †eŠ×
AvR Avgv‡ì RvZxq ˆPZ‡bï aviK? evsjvi wLª÷vb
kãv_© I UxKvcvVëB; c„ôv 118 K RvZcÖ_vi msKxY©Zv o agx©q msKxY©Zv evsjvi gymjgvb
670. Ô¯^v‡`wkKZvÕ ej‡Z †evSvq M ivR‰bwZK msKxY©Zv N Avh©cÖ_v Avgiv mevB evOvwjÕ [Aby. 3-4]
o †`k‡cÖwgKZv 683. DÏxcKwU‡Z Ôcqjv êkvLÕ cÖe‡Ü wea„Z w`KwU n‡jv
L wb‡Ri †`k eûc`x mgvwßm~PK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi K evsjv‡`wk RvZxqZv
M ¯^‡`kx Av‡›`vjb 679. cqjv êkvL evOvwj RvwZi L evOvwj RvZxqZv
N ¯^v_© Z¨vM i. †MŠiegwÐZ HwZn¨ o Amv¤úÖ`vwqKZv
671. ÔmvgªvRëv`Õ A_© Kx? N mvgëvw`Zv
ii. me©Rbxb Drme
K mgvRbxwZ 684. DÏxc‡K cÖwZdwjZ fv‡ei m‡½ wb‡Pi
iii. agx©q Abyf‚wZ wgwkÖZ Drme
L ivRvi bxwZ †KvbwUi mvgÄm¨ i‡q‡Q?
o ciiv‡Rï Ici KZ…©Z¡ we¯Íviiƒc
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? o wmivR‡ÏŠjv †klev‡ii g‡Zv jovB Kivi Rb¨
N ivR‰bwZK K‚U‡KŠkj o i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii WvK w`‡qwQ‡jb wn›`y-gymjgvb Dfq‡K|
672. Ôey‡R©vqv wejvmÕ k‡ãi A_© Kx? 680. ixwZ-cÖK…wZ c×wZ cÖKi‡Yi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ L Jcwb‡ewkK ivR‡Z¡i w`b¸‡jv‡Z beel©
o ga¨weË †kÖwYi gvby‡li kL _vK‡jI me©‡ÿ‡ÎB †gŠwjK HK¨ Av‡Q cvj‡bi gva¨‡g RbM‡Yi g‡a¨ ¯^v‡`wkKZv
L Mwie †kÖwYi kL i. beel© cvj‡b I RvZxqZvev`x †PZbvi cÖwZdjb N‡UwQj|
ii. C` cvj‡b M beel© evOvwji GK Abb¨ Drme, Ab¨Zg
M wbPz Rv‡Zi kL
iii. `yM©vc~Rv cvj‡b
RvZxq Drme|
N eRivq ågY
N mvgvwRK cÖ‡KŠkjx‡ì AvR evsjv bee‡l©i
673. Ôkwfwbw÷KÕ k‡ãi A_© Kx? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
g‡a¨ m‡PZbfv‡e bZzb gvwÎKZv †hvM
o iæk ivR‰bwZK gZev` oi L ii M i I ii N iii
Ki‡Z n‡e|
L iæk A_©‰bwZK gZev` 681. ÔGK mgq MÖvg-bMi wbwe©‡k‡l evsjvi me gvbyl,
M iæk mvgvwRK gZev` †m wn›`y-gymjgvb-†eŠ× wK wLªóvb †nvK, evsjv
evsjv‡`‡k †h GZUv cÖv‡Yi Av‡e‡M Ges Mfxi
N ivR‰bwZK K‚U‡KŠkj bee‡l©i Drm‡e †mvrmv‡n †hvM w`Z|Õ GB fv‡jvevmvq beel© Drme D`&hvwcZ nq Zvi KviY
cvV cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 118 D×…wZi m‡½ msMwZ i‡q‡Q evOvwji cvwK¯Ívb Avg‡j c~e©-evsjvi evOvwj‡K G-Drme
i. Amv¤úÖ`vwqK †PZbvi cvjb Ki‡Z †Ìqv nqwb| ejv n‡q‡Q, GUv
674. Ôcqjv êkvLÕ iPbvwU †Kvb MÖš’ †_‡K msKwjZ ii. wPišÍb HwZ‡nï cvwK¯Ívwb Av`‡k©i cwicš’x| d‡j c~e©-evsjvi
n‡q‡Q? iii. me©Rbxb åvZ…Z¡‡ev‡ai evOvwj duy‡m D‡V‡Q| †mv”Pvi n‡q D‡V‡Q cÖwZev‡`|
o evsjv‡`‡ki Drme : beel© 685. DÏxc‡Ki m‡½ Ôcqjv êkvLÕ cÖe‡Üi †Kvb
L evsjv‡`‡ki Drme Pwi‡Îi wgj Av‡Q?
M evsjv‡`‡ki beel© K wmivR‡ÏŠjv L †Mvwe›` †è
682. ÔcvK kvmK‡ì iæ`ª `„wói ciI evsjvi wkwÿZ
N Drm‡e evsjv‡`k M gybxi †PŠayix o cvwK¯Ívwb kvmK
RbMY evsjv beel© D`hvcb K‡i‡Q|Õ Gi
675. evsjv GKv‡Wwg †_‡K Ôevsjv‡`‡ki Drme : 686. DÏxc‡Ki m‡½ Ôcqjv êkvLÕ cÖe‡Üi mv`„k¨
beel©Õ MÖš’wU KZ mv‡j cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q? g‡a¨ dz‡U D‡V‡Q evOvwji
i. RvZxqZvev`x †PZbv
i‡q‡Q †h wel‡q
o 2008 L 2009 M 2010 N 2011 i. beel© D`&hvc‡b evav
676. Ôevsjv‡`‡ki Drme : beel©Õ MÖš’wU m¤úv`bv ii. Amv¤úÖ`vwqK g‡bvfve
ii. Drme cvjb
K‡i‡Qb †K? iii. Avb›` Abyf‚wZi ewntcÖKvk
iii. cvwK¯Ívwb‡ì nxb gvbwmKZv
o †gveviK †nv‡mb L †gveiK nvmvb wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M †gveviK DwÏb N †gveviK Avn‡g` o i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii Ki L ii M iii o i I iii
M`¨ 13 GKvË‡ii w`b¸wj  Rvnvbviv Bgvg

cvVëB we‡kølY 692. Rvnvbviv Bgv‡gi g„Zz¨ ZvwiL KZ? 698. Ôn‡jv †Zv me Lvwj, weivb, hv nevi Zv †Zv cÖ_g
K 24 Ryb o 26 Ryb `yw`‡bB n‡q †M‡Q|Õ G evK¨ Bw½Z †`q
mvaviY eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi M 28 Ryb N 30 Ryb o cvKevwnbxi b„ksmZvi
†jLK cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 128 g~jcvVcvVëB; c„ôv 128-133 L QvÎ‡ì cvwj‡q hvIqvi
M wkÿK‡ì Kov wb‡`©‡ki
687. Rvnvbviv Bgv‡gi Rš§ ZvwiL †KvbwU? 693. 1971 mv‡ji 13 GwcÖj Kx evi wQj?
N wek¦we`¨vjq eÜ _vKvq
K 2 †g o 3 †g M 4 †g N 5 †g K kwbevi L iweevi
688. Rvnvbviv Bgv‡gi †Q‡j iægx gyw³hy‡× †hvM 699. ÔMZ K‡qK gvm a‡i †bkvUvi K_v fveviB AeKvk
M †mvgevi o g½jevi
†Ìqvi ci gv wn‡m‡e wZwb 694. ÔGKvË‡ii w`b¸wjÕ ¯§„wZPviYg~jK iPbvq KZ cvBwbÕ GLv‡b †Kvb †bkvi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q?
K wb‡la K‡ib o mn‡hvwMZv K‡ib w`b a‡i e„wó nw”Qj? o evMvb Kivi †bkv L eB covi †bkv
M wd‡i Avm‡Z e‡jb K `yB w`b L wZb w`b M ivbœv Kivi †bkv N cvV`v‡bi †bkv
N †Q‡ji Rb¨ e¨vKzj n‡q I‡Vb  Pvi w`b N cuvP w`b 700. cPv jv‡ki `yM©‡Ü †jwLKv gvQ LvIqvB ev` w`‡q‡Qb|
689. Rvnvbviv Bgvg evOvwj RvwZi Kv‡Q cwiwPZ 695. ÔGKvË‡ii w`b¸wjÕ ¯§„wZPviYg~jK iPbvq mviv †jwLKv GwU KZ Zvwi‡Li eY©bvq D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb?
K wkÿK wn‡m‡e L Kwe wn‡m‡e  13B GwcÖj L 10B †g
w`bfi GKUvbv e„wó n‡qwQj Kx ev‡i?
M wkíx wn‡m‡e o kwn` Rbbx wn‡m‡e M 12B †g N 17B †g
K kwbev‡i  †iveev‡i
690. Rvnvbviv Bgvg Kv‡ì kvw¯Íi `vwe‡Z Avg„Zz¨ 701. ÔGKvË‡ii w`b¸wjÕ ¯§„wZPviYg~jK iPbvq
M †mvgev‡i N g½jev‡i
msMÖvg K‡i‡Qb? evMv‡b †ek KUv Kx MvQ Av‡Q?
o gyw³hy‡× we‡ivwaZvKvix‡ì
696. ÔAvgvi Rxe‡bI GZw`‡b mwZ¨ mwZ¨ `y‡h©v‡Mi †gN Nb n‡q
Avm‡Q|Õ GLv‡b Ô`y‡h©v‡Mi †gNÕ wK‡mi Bw½Z w`‡”Q? K iRbxMÜv L †ewj dzj
L AZ¨vPvix nvbv`vi evwnbxi
 wec‡ì L e„wói M RuyB  †Mvjvc
M wgÎevwnbxi N wfZz gyw³‡hv×v‡ì
691. Rvnvbviv Bgv‡gi †Kvb MÖš’ me©Î mgv`„Z? M eb¨vi N R‡jv”Q¡v‡mi 702. ÔGKvË‡ii w`b¸wjÕ ¯§„wZPviYg~jK iPbvq
K MRK”Qc L cÖev‡mi w`b¸wj 697. ÔGKvË‡ii w`b¸wjÕ ¯§„wZPviYg~jK iPbvq †K †jwLKvi evMvb m¤úwK©Z eY©bv KZ Zvwi‡L
o GKvË‡ii w`b¸wj e‡jwQj ÔLye `vwg K_v e‡j‡Qb dzdzRvbÕ? ewY©Z n‡q‡Q?
N mvZwU Zvivi wSwKwgwK K ikx` L Rvgx M iægx  Kwig  10B †g L 11B †g M 12 B †gN 13B †g
703. gyw³hy‡×i mgq †g gv‡mi †Kvb Zvwi‡L 716. 16 wW‡m¤î : e„n¯úwZevi 1971 mv‡j 728. ÔPviw`b a‡i e„wóÕ G evK¨wU wb‡`©k K‡i
gva¨wgK ¯‹zj †Lvjvi K_v ejv n‡qwQj? [Aby. 1] AvKvkhy× KqUv ch©šÍ evov‡bv n‡q‡Q? i. weo¤^bvi
K AvU ZvwiL o bq ZvwiL K ev‡ivUv L `yBUv o wZbUv N PviUv ii. `y‡h©v‡Mi
M `k ZvwiL N GMv‡iv ZvwiL 717. gÄy‡ii Mvwo‡Z Kx wQj? iii. msK‡Ui
704. ÔkwdKzj Bmjvg Ôgy³evKÕ bv‡g cwÎKvq Kjvg K †MÖ‡bW L e›`yK M wgwó o cZvKv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
†j‡Lb|Õ ÔGKvË‡ii w`b¸wjÕ iPbvi †h w`KwU K i I ii L i I iii
kwdKzj Bmjvg aviY K‡i‡Qb o ii I iii N i, ii I iii
o QÙbvg L †Mvcb bvg 718. ÔweivbÕ k‡ãi A_© Kx?
o Rbgvbenxb L wm× M welYœ N cwic~Y©
729. Ôb`x‡Z cÖPzi jvk †f‡m hv‡”Q| †cQ‡b nvZ
M †QvU bvg N Ab¨R‡bi bvg
719. Lyiwc Kx? euvav, ¸wj‡Z giv jvkÕ evK¨wU cÖgvY K‡i
705. Ôwbj©¾ wg_¨vfvl‡Y fiv wee„wZÕ ej‡Z Kx eyS? [Aby. 2] i. cvwK¯Ívwb †mbv‡ì b„ksmZv
K wee„wZ †Ìqv‡bvi K‚U‡KŠkj K Szwi o gvwU †Luvovi LšÍv
M gyiwMi Ni N †QvU PvKz ii. AZ¨vPvwiZ gvby‡li AvZ¥nZ¨v
o †eq‡b‡Ui gy‡L †Ìqv wee„wZ
720. kix‡di mv‡_ †jwLKvi m¤úK© Kx? iii. cvKevwnbxi MYnZ¨v
M †Mv‡qe&j&‡m&i g‡Zv wee„wZ
K eÜy o ¯^vgx-¯¿x wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
N eyw×Rxex I wkíx‡ì †Ìqv wee„wZ
M PvPv‡Zv fvB-†evb N Lvjv‡Zv fvB-†evb K i I ii k i I iii
706. †jwLKv †Kvb bvgUv Av‡M KL‡bv †kv‡bbwb?
721. Ô†eq‡bUÕ k‡ãi A_© †KvbwU? M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K Avey mv‡jn o mv‡jn Avng`
M bRiæj Bmjvg N PigcÎ o e›`y‡Ki AMÖfv‡M jvMv‡bv welv³ Qywi 730. Ô†`‡ki GB weiƒc cwiw¯’wZ‡Z †Kv‡bv Qv‡Îi
707. gyw³‡dŠR‡ì D‡Ïk¨ Kx wQj? L ev`¨hš¿ DwPZ bq ¯‹z‡j hvIqv|Õ †jwLKvi GB fvebv
o †`k‡K kÎægy³ Kiv L cÖwZ‡kva †bIqv M e›`yK GKai‡bi
M wb‡R‡ì kw³ m¤ú‡K© AewnZ Kiv N PvqwbR evUvj i. cÖwZev`
N AvZ¥iÿv Kiv
722. ÔK‚U‡KŠkjÕ k‡ãi mwVK A_© †KvbwU? ii. †`k‡cÖg
708. AZ¨vPvix ˆmb¨ w`‡q †Niv Aeiæ× XvKv kn‡i K cÖwZwnsmv o `ye©yw× M †jvf N N„Yv iii. cjvqbci g‡bvfve
e‡m †Kvb kãUv ïb‡j Awek¦vm¨ g‡b nq? cvV cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 133 wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K cvwK¯Ívwb nvbv`vi L ivRvKvi Ki L ii o i I ii N i, ii I iii
723. gyw³hy× wb‡q Rvnvbviv Bgv‡gi iwPZ MÖš’ †KvbwU?
M Avjeì o gyw³‡dŠR
o GKvË‡ii w`b¸wj Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
709. ÔGKvË‡ii w`b¸wjÕ ¯§„wZPviYg~jK iPbvq kixd L cÖev‡mi w`b¸wj
Avi †jwLKv Kx wb‡q wØavØ‡›Ø fzMwQ‡jb? M MRK”Qc  DÏxcKwU c‡o 731 I 732bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
o iægxi D×vi cÖm½ ûgvq~b Avn‡g‡ì ÔAv¸‡bi cikgwYÕ
N K¨vÝv‡ii m‡½ emevm
L evwo †Q‡o cvjv‡bvi Dcb¨v‡m ew` gyw³‡hv×v KgvÛvi| ew`
724. Rvnvbviv Bgvg‡K Ôkwn` RbbxÕ ejv nq †Kb?
M Rvgxi cov‡kvbv XvKv‡K gy³ Kivi Rb¨ †Mwijv evwnbx‡K
o †Q‡j hy‡× kwn` n‡q‡Q e‡j
N AvZ¥iÿv Kiv msMwVZ K‡i| †`k wech©¯Í e‡j mvaviY
L Zuvi bvg
710. Ô†Pv‡Li R‡j fvm‡Z fvm‡Z AvwgI kix‡di cwiev‡ii m`mïv cwievi‡K Rvwb‡q wKsev bv
M Zuvi evev Avì K‡i WvK‡Zb
gZ‡K mg_©b K‡iwQÕ †Kvb gZ‡K? N A‡bK gyw³‡hv×v‡K euvwP‡q‡Qb Rvwb‡q gyw³hy‡× hvq| gyw³‡hv×v‡ì cÖZ¨vkv
K gvwm© wcwUkb Kivi wm×všÍ‡K
725. cwðg cvwK¯Ívwb nvbv`vi evwnbxi AZwK©Z nvgjvq Ges Zv‡ì cwiev‡ii cÖZ¨vkv wQj †`k †hb
o gvwm© wcwUkb bv Kivi wm×všÍ‡K
cÖ_‡gB Kv‡ì Rxeb wek„•Lj n‡q c‡owQj? ZvovZvwo kÎægy³ nq| [Aby. 3-4]
M iægx‡K †`L‡Z bv hvIqvi wm×všÍ‡K
K h‡kvievmxi L PÆMÖvgevmxi 731. DÏxc‡Ki Abyfe ÔGKvË‡ii w`b¸wjÕi †Kvb
N iægx‡K †`L‡Z hvIqvi wm×všÍ‡K
M iscyievmxi o XvKvi bMi-Rxeb w`KwU‡K D‡š§vwPZ K‡i‡Q?
711. iægxi evev I gv‡qi wm×všÍ wK‡mi cwiPq †`q?
i. iægxi hy‡× hvIqv
K ¯^v_©ciZvi L ¯^RbcÖxwZi eûc`x mgvwßm~PK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi ii. iægxi evevi DrKÉv
M †`kwe‡ivaxi o ¯^vwaKv‡ii
726. cvovi A‡b‡KB evwo †Q‡o P‡j hv‡”Q iii. iægxi gv‡qi DrKÉv
712. gwZqyi ingv‡bi d¨vwgwj KZ Zvwi‡L KivwP
†_‡K XvKvq G‡m‡Q? i. cvwK¯Ívwb nvbv`vi‡ì f‡q wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K 23 †m‡Þ¤î L 25 †m‡Þ¤î ii. euvPvi Avkvq K i I ii L ii I iii o i I iii N iii
M 27 †m‡Þ¤î o 29 †m‡Þ¤î iii. gnvgvix †_‡K euvP‡Z 732. DÏxc‡Ki AbyfewU ÔGKvË‡ii w`b¸wjÕi †Kvb
713. gwZqyi ingv‡bi Pwjøkv n‡qwQj KZ Zvwi‡L? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? D×…wZi m‡½ mv`„k¨c~Y©?
K 25 Zvwi‡L L 28 Zvwi‡L Ki L ii o i I ii N ii I iii o iægx‡K Ab¨fv‡e †ei K‡i Avbvi †Póv
o 30 Zvwi‡L N 31 Zvwi‡L 727. Ôhv nevi Zv‡Zv cÖ_g `yw`‡bB n‡q †M‡QÕ Kiv n‡e; wKš‘ gvwm© wcwUkb K‡i bq|
714. gwZqyi ingv‡bi ¯¿x wQ‡jb gwbiæ¾vgv‡bi ej‡Z †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q L †h †Kv‡bv cÖKv‡i iægx‡K D×v‡ii †Póv
K †evb L †g‡q M fvwMœ o kvjx i. cvwK¯Ívwb †mbv‡ì AZwK©Z nvgjvi ïiæi K_v Ki‡Z n‡e|
715. ÔGKvË‡ii w`b¸wjÕ iPbvq †Kvb Mvq‡Ki bvg ii. `yB w`‡b AmsL¨ gvbyl nZ¨v Kivi K_v M Lybx miKv‡ii Kv‡Q iægxi cÖvY wfÿv Kiv
D‡jøL i‡q‡Q? iii. iægx I Rvgxi aiv cov gv‡bB iægxi Av`k©‡K Acgvb Kiv|
K Kvgiæj nvmvb L d‡qR Avng` wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? N iægxi g‡Zv Ggb AmvaviY †gavex †Q‡ji
M iex›`ªbv_ o AwRZ ivq k i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii Rxeb euvP‡j †`‡kiI g½j|
M`Å 14 mvwnGZÅi i…c I ixwZ  nvqvr gvgy`

cvVëB we‡kølY 735. nvqvr gvgy` mvwnZ¨‡ÿ‡Î Ae`v‡bi Rb¨ †Kvb 738. iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi I KvRx bRiæj Bmjv‡gi
cyi¯‹vi jvf K‡ib? wK‡kvi Rxebx †j‡Lb
mvaviY eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi o evsjv GKv‡Wwg cyi¯‹vi o nvqvr gvgy` L Kexi †PŠayix
L AvjvIj mvwnZ¨ cyi¯‹vi M Avwbmy¾vgvb N ûgvqyb AvRv`
M GKz‡k c`K
733. nvqvr gvgy` KZ mv‡j Rš§MÖnY K‡ib? N KzšÍjxb mvwnZ¨ cyi¯‹vi
g~jcvVcvVëB; c„ôv 157-162
K 1935 L 1937 M 1938 o 1939
736. nvqvr gvgy‡ì †ckv wQj 739. wekvj cwiwai GKwU wel‡qi bvg Kx?
734. nvqvr gvgy` XvKvi †Kvb ¯‹zj †_‡K cÖ‡ewkKv o mvwnZ¨ L KweZv
cixÿvq DËxY© nb? o Aa¨vcbv L mvsevw`KZv
M IKvjwZ N M‡elYv M bvUK N Dcb¨vm
o XvKvi †m›U †MÖMwiR nvB ¯‹zj
L †gw`bxcyi †Rjv ¯‹zj 737. nvqvr gvgy` L¨vwZ jvf K‡ib 740. mvwn‡Zï wewfbœ kvLvi MVb‰kjx wb‡q
M XvKv K‡jwR‡qU ¯‹zj K KweZv I cÖe‡Ü o M‡elYv I cÖe‡Ü ch©‡eÿY I Av‡jvPbv‡K e‡j
N †fvjvnvU iv‡gk¦ix Bbw÷wUDkb M bvUK I cÖe‡Ü N M‡elYv I KweZvq K wePvi L iƒc o ixwZ N fve
741. evsjv fvlvq gnvKv‡eï P‚ovšÍ mdj iƒc cÖKvk 761. `xbeÜy wgÎ Kx ai‡bi bvUK wb‡q Avwef‚©Z nb? 777. iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨
K‡i‡Qb †K? K †cŠivwYK L HwZnvwmK i. evsjv bvU‡Ki Avw½K cwieZ©bKvix
o gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë L Kvq‡Kvev` M ivR‰bwZK o mvgvwRK ii. Ôi³KiexÕ bvU‡Ki iPwqZv
M iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi N KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg 762. Ô†QvU cÖvY, †QvU e¨_v †QvU †QvU `ytL K_vÕ iii. ÔWvKNiÕ bvU‡Ki iPwqZv
742. gvB‡Kj gaym~`b Zvi †Kvb iPbvq gnvKv‡eï KweZvwU Kvi? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
P‚ovšÍ iƒc cÖKvk K‡ib? K gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `‡Ëi K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii o i, ii I iii
K wZ‡jvËgvm¤¢e Kve¨ L eªRv½bv Kve¨ L `xbeÜy wg‡Îi 778. Ô†QvUMíÕ m¤ú‡K© GWMvi A¨vjvb †cvi AwfgZ n‡”Q
o †gNbvèa Kve¨ N exiv½bv Kve¨ M wMwikP›`ª †Nv‡li o iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii i. Ava NÈvq hv c‡o †kl Kiv hvq
743. Ôhv †bB fvi‡Z Zv †bB fvi‡ZÕ gšÍe¨wU 763. Rxe‡bi c~Y©veqe bq, LÐvsk‡K †jLK im-wbweo K‡i ii. GK NÈvq hv c‡o †kl Kiv hvq
†KvbwU m¤ú‡K©? [Aby. 1] dzwU‡q †Zv‡jb| Rxe‡bi †Kv‡bv GKwU we‡kl gyn~Z© iii. `yB NÈvq hv c‡o †kl Kiv hvq
K MxwZKweZv L †QvUMí †Kv‡bv we‡kl cwi‡e‡ki g‡a¨ ¯^ímsL¨K Pwi‡Îi wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
o gnvKve¨ N KvwnbxKve¨ gva¨‡g Gi cwiYwZ N‡U| DÏxc‡K mvwn‡Zï †Kvb K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii o i, ii I iii
744. GK K_vq gnvKve¨‡K Kx ejv hvq? kvLvi cwiPq dz‡U D‡V‡Q? [Aby. 4] 779. ÔMícvV †kl K‡iI cvVK Kvwnwbi mgvwß
K Kvwnwb KweZv o `xN© Kvwnwb KweZv K KweZv o †QvUMí M Dcb¨vm N bvUK †Luv‡RÕ e³e¨wU aviY K‡i †h cO&w³ [Aby. 3]
M KweZv N †Kv‡bvwUB bq 764. evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ †Kvb kãwU eën„Z n‡”Q Pwjøk- i. NUbvi NbNUv
745. Òe³vi fv‡ev”Q¡v‡mi cwiùzUb gvÎ hvnvi cÂvk eQi a‡i? ii. †kl n‡q nBj bv †kl
D‡Ïk¨ †mB Kve¨B MxwZKve¨|Ó Dw³wU Kvi? K Kvwnwb o †QvU Mí M AbyMí N LÐMí iii. AšÍ‡i AZ…wß i‡e
K iex›`ªbv‡_i o ew¼gP‡›`ªi 765. †QvUM‡íi aviYv G‡m‡Q wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M kirP‡›`ªi o cvðvZ¨ mvwnZ¨ †_‡K K i I ii L i I iii o ii I iii N i, ii I iii
N gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `‡Ëi L cÖvPxb mvwnZ¨ †_‡K 780. ÔcvVK mgv‡R Dcb¨vm mvwnZ¨ eûj cwVZ I
746. êòe KweZvewj †Kvb hy‡Mi wb`k©b? M cÖv‡Pï mvwnZ¨ †_‡K RbwcÖq|Õ KviY Dcb¨vm [Aby. 2]
K cÖvPxb hy‡Mi L AÜKvi hy‡Mi N ms¯‹…Z mvwnZ¨ †_‡K i. mnR-mij-cÖvÄj
o ga¨hy‡Mi N AvaywbK hy‡Mi 766. Ô†QvUM‡íi AvqZb Ggb nIqv msMZ †hb 10 †_‡K ii. cvVK wb‡R‡K Luy‡R cvq
747. KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg Avgv‡ì mvwn‡Z¨ Kx 50 wgwb‡Ui g‡a¨ †kl Kiv hvqÕ †K e‡j‡Qb? iii. GLv‡b mgvR-†`k I RvwZi cÖwZdjb N‡U
wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ? K iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi L GWMvi A¨vjvb †cv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K cwjøKwe o we‡`ªvnx Kwe o GBP. wR. I‡qj&m& N Gj. iwebmb K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii o i, ii I iii
M wek¦Kwe N cÖ_vwe‡ivax Kwe 767. †QvUM‡í NUbvi cy•Lvbycy•L Dc¯’vcb m¤¢e bq †Kb?
748. evsjv KweZvq Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ fv‡ei mv‡_ m¤úK© o cwiwa ÿz`ª nIqvi Kvi‡Y Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
i‡q‡Q †Kvb Kwei? L wbqg _vKvi Kvi‡Y  DÏxcKwU c‡o 781 I 782bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
K iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi o KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg M cvVK co‡Z Pvq bv e‡j cvðvZ¨ Av`k©vbymv‡i gnvKve¨ ej‡Z
M RmxgD`&`xb N Rxebvb›` `vk N gvbyl wei³ n‡e e‡j exiZ¡e¨ÄK DcvL¨vb †evSvq| mM© msL¨v
749. cwjøi fve-Kíbv jÿ Kiv hvq †h Kwei g‡a¨ 768. g½jKve¨ †Kvb hy‡Mi wb`k©b? m¤ú‡K© †Kv‡bv mxgve×Zv G‡Z †bB, Z‡e GK
o RmxgD`&`xb L iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi K cÖvPxb hyM L AÜKvi hyM Q‡›`B Zv iwPZ n‡e| bvqK †èZv bv n‡jI
M kvgmyi ivngvb N wbg©‡j›`y ¸Y o ga¨hyM N AvaywbK hyM AmvaviY ÿgZvkvjx Ges gnr ¸Ym¤úbœ exi
750. ÔbKmxKuv_vi gvVÕ Kve¨MÖ‡š’i iPwqZv †K? 769. evsjv fvlvq cÖ_g mv_©K I KvjRqx Jcb¨vwmK †K? n‡Z n‡e| evsjv mvwn‡Zï BwZnv‡m gnvKv‡eï
K bRiæj Bmjvg o RmxgD`&`xb o ew¼gP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq L iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi avivi m~ÎcvZ K‡ib gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë|
M Rxebvb›` `vk N ˆmq` kvgmyj nK M kirP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq N gvwbK e‡›`¨vcva¨vq 781. DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ Ômvwn‡Zï iƒc I ixwZÕ
751. bvUK †mKv‡j cy¯ÍKvKv‡i gyw`ªZ n‡Zv bv †Kb? 770. †Kvb mvwnwZ¨‡Ki mgq †_‡K ïiæ K‡i A`¨vewa cÖe‡Üi mv`„k¨ †Kv_vq?
K A‡_©i Afv‡e o QvcvLvbv wQj bv cÖe‡Üi cÖengvbZv KL‡bv evavcÖvß nq wb? o gnvKve¨ Av‡jvPbvq L Dcb¨vm Av‡jvPbvq
M c„ô‡cvlK wQj bv N Áv‡bi Afv‡e o ivRv ivg‡gvnb ivq L iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi M bvUK Av‡jvPbvq N cÖeÜ Av‡jvPbvq
752. bvU‡Ki cÖavb jÿ¨ †KvbwU? M KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg N i‡Yk `vk¸ß 782. DÏxc‡Ki gnvKv‡eï êwk‡óï mv‡_
K ivRbxwZ o `k©KmgvR Ômvwn‡Zï iƒc I ixwZÕ iPbvi gnvKv‡eï
M A_©bxwZ N e¨w³we‡kl
771. ÔAiƒciZbÕ iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii Kx ai‡bi iPbv? êwkó¨ Abyhvqx PwiÎ n‡e
753. bvU¨mvwnZ¨‡K Kve¨mvwn‡Zï g‡a¨ MY¨ i. AmvaviY ÿgZvkvjx
K‡i‡Qb Kviv? K KweZv L cÖeÜ o bvUK N Dcb¨vm
772. ivRv ivg‡gvnb iv‡qi RxebKvj †KvbwU? ii. gnr ¸Ym¤úbœ exi
K bvU¨ wbg©vZviv
o 1772-1833 L 1782-1836 iii. me©we`¨vq cvi`kx©
o ms¯‹…Z AvjsKvwiKe„›`
M 1787-1837 N 1788-1833 wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M ga¨hy‡Mi mvwnwZ¨Kiv
773. nvmvb AvwRRyj nK Kx wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ? Ki L ii o i I ii N ii I iii
N AvaywbK hy‡Mi mvwnwZ¨Kiv
754. ms¯‹…Z AvjsKvwiK‡ì g‡Z Kve¨ Kq ai‡bi? K Awf‡bZv L Kwe  DÏxcKwU c‡o 783 I 784bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
o `yB L wZb M Pvi N cuvP M bvU¨Kvi o K_vwkíx MxwZKweZvi g‡a¨ Kwe n„`‡qi we‡kl †Kv‡bv Abyf‚wZ
755. bvUK‡K cÖavbZ †Kvb Kv‡eï ch©vqfz³ fvev nq? msMxZ gvayh© mnKv‡i iƒcvwqZ n‡q I‡V| Kwei
cvV cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 164 e¨w³MZ Abyf‚wZ Gi DcRxe¨, msMx‡Zi e¨Äbv wb‡q
o `„k¨Kve¨ L kÖe¨Kve¨
M MxwZKve¨ N gnvKve¨ 774. mvwnZ¨ Kq ai‡bi? Zvi cÖKvk| †h †kÖwYi KweZvq Kwei n„`‡qi Abyf‚wZ
756. Kvwnwbi welqe¯‘ I cwiYwZi w`K †_‡K K `yB L wZb ev GKvšÍ e¨w³MZ evmbv-Kvgbv I Avb›`-†e`bv
bvUK‡K Kq †kÖwY‡Z wef³ Kiv hvq? M Pvi o bvbv ai‡bi cÖv‡Yi AšÍ¯Íj †_‡K Av‡eMKw¤úZ my‡i ALÐ
K GK L `yB o wZb N Pvi 775. Ômvwn‡Zï iƒc I ixwZÕ cÖe‡Ü AwZ ms‡ÿ‡c fveg~wZ©‡Z AvZ¥cÖKvk K‡i Zv‡KB MxwZKweZv e‡j|
757. GKB m‡½ bvU¨Kvi I Awf‡bZv wQ‡jb wK‡mi cwiPq Av‡Q? êòe c`vewj Gi DrK…ó D`vniY|
K `xbeÜy wgÎ o wMwikP›`ª †Nvl K bvU‡Ki L †QvUM‡íi 783. DÏxcK I Ômvwn‡Zï iƒc I ixwZÕ cÖe‡Üi
M gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë N wØ‡R›`ªjvj ivq M cÖe‡Üi o wewPÎ mvwnZïxwZi MxwZKweZvq cÖKvk cvq
758. ÔKvjvcvnvoÕ bvU‡Ki iPwqZv †K? i. Kwe n„`‡qi Abyf‚wZ ii. mgv‡Ri mgm¨v
K gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë L `xbeÜy wgÎ
eûc`x mgvwßm~PK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi iii. c„w_exi mgm¨v
o wMwikP›`ª †Nvl N iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi 776. ÔivgvqYÕ-Gi mv‡_ m¤ú„³ i‡q‡Q wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
759. bvUK mvaviYZ KZ A‡¼ wef³ _v‡K? i. ivg oi L ii M i I ii N i, ii I iii
K wZb L Pvi o cuvP N Qq ii. iveY 784. DÏxcK I Ômvwn‡Zï iƒc I ixwZÕ cÖeÜ
760. bvUK Kx ai‡bi m„wó? iii. mxZv Abyhvqx MxwZKweZvi wb`k©b †KvbwU?
o msjvcwbf©i L fvlvwbf©i wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K gnvfviZ L ivgvqY
M Q›`wbf©i N Dc‡ii me¸‡jv K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii o i, ii I iii M †gNbvèa o êòe c`vewj
M`¨ 15 wbqwZ  ûgvq~b Avn‡g`

802. †Kb RM`‡ji w`b¸‡jv †jL‡Ki Kv‡Q 821. wK‡mi cÖwZ‡laK wn‡m‡e †jL‡Kiv KzBbvBb
cvVëB we‡kølY Avb›`gq g‡b n‡q‡Q? †L‡q‡Qb?
mvaviY eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi  †mLv‡b ¯‹zj †bB L †mLv‡b Sibv Av‡Q  g¨v‡jwiqv L K‡jiv
M †Ljvi eo gvV Av‡Q N A‡bK eÜy Av‡Q M dvB‡jwiqv N R¡i
†jLK cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 178 803. RM`‡ji evwoi gvwjK †`k †Q‡o †Kv_vq †M‡Qb? 822. †jL‡Kiv K‡e KzBbvBb †L‡q‡Qb?
785. ûgvq~b Avn‡g` KLb Rš§MÖnY K‡ib? K Av‡gwiKv L d«vÝ M BZvwj  BwÛqv K kwbev‡i  iweev‡i
K 1938 mv‡ji 13B b‡f¤î 804. gnvivRvi wekvj evwo‡Z †jLK‡ì GKZjvq M †mvgev‡i N g½jev‡i
 1948 mv‡ji 13B b‡f¤î _vKvi eë¯’v n‡qwQj †Kb? 823. iweevi †jL‡Kiv KZ †MÖb K‡i KzBbvBb †L‡Zb?
M 1950 mv‡ji 7B b‡f¤î  †`vZjv Zvjve× wQj K wZb L Pvi  cuvP N Qq
N 1952 mv‡ji 13B b‡f¤î L †`vZjvq Ab¨ †jvKRb wQj 824. †jL‡Ki †Kvb AmyLUv †ek cQ›` n‡jv?
786. ûgvq~b Avn‡g` †Kv_vq Rš§MÖnY K‡ib? M †`vZjvi Ni¸‡jv fvov wQj K R¡i  g¨v‡jwiqv
 †bÎ‡Kvbv L ewikvj N †`vZjvi IVvi wmuwo †f‡½ wM‡qwQj M RwÛm N K‡jiv
M Kzwgjøv N †bvqvLvjx 805. gnvivRvi †ewkfvM Ni Zvjve× †Kb? 825. hLb R¡i Av‡m ZLb Kx nq?
787. ûgvq~b Avn‡g` †bÎ‡Kvbvi †Kv_vq Rš§MÖnY K‡ib?  Zuvi wRwbmcÎ ivLv K Mvb Ki‡Z B”Qv K‡i
K jvjcyi  †gvnbMÄ L KvD‡K _vK‡Z †`‡e bv L Mig jv‡M
M wmw×iMÄ N †Kv‡bvwUB bq M †KD hv‡Z XzK‡Z bv cv‡i
M †Mvmj Ki‡Z B”Qv K‡i
788. ûgvq~b Avn‡g‡ì evevi bvg Kx? N †jvKRb bv _vKvq
 cªPÐ kxZ K‡i
 dqRvi ingvb Avn‡g` 806. †jLK Kv‡K gnvivRvi bvg wRÁvmv K‡iwQ‡jb? 826. †jL‡Ki `„wó‡Z R¡i hLb evo‡Z _v‡K ZLb Kx nq?
L AvwRRyi ingvb  gv‡K L evev‡K
 mvg‡bi cÖwZwU wRwbm AvK…wZ‡Z †QvU n‡Z _v‡K
M wRqvDi ingvb N gwZDi ingvb M †QvU PvPv‡K N †QvU gvgv‡K
L mvg‡bi cÖwZwU wRwbm AvK…wZ‡Z eo n‡Z _v‡K
789. ûgvq~b Avn‡g‡ì gv‡qi bvg Kx? 807. gnvivRv †Kgb †jvK wQ‡jb?
M mvg‡bi wRwbm¸‡jv Svcmv jv‡M
K Avwgbv d‡qR L d‡Zgv d‡qR K fxiæ L mvnmx
N ï‡q _vK‡Z B”Qv K‡i
 Avqkv d‡qR N †mwjbv d‡qR M `qvjy  ÿgZvkvjx
827. R¡‡ii mgq †jL‡Ki Kv‡Q wb‡R‡K wK‡mi
790. ûgvq~b Avn‡g` KZ mv‡j gva¨wgK cvm K‡ib? 808. gnvivRvi evwowU †Kv_vq wQj?
g‡Zv g‡b nq?
 1965 L 1966 M 1967 N 1968 K kn‡i L MÖv‡g
K evN L wmsn M ivÿm  ˆ`Z¨
791. KZ mv‡j ûgvq~b Avn‡g` D”P gva¨wgK cvm K‡ib? M iv¯Ívi cv‡k  R½‡j
828. Ô†jL‡Ki Kv‡Q R¡‡ii Abyf‚wZ Avðh© g‡b nqÕ
K 1966  1967 M 1968 N 1969 809. we`y¨r Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ gnvivRvi evwo‡Z Kx wQj?
 †Rbv‡iUi L nvwZ
ej‡Z Kx †evS?
792. ûgvq~b Avn‡g` D”P gva¨wgK cvm K‡ib †Kvb
M Iqvwks †gwkb N myBwgs cyj
 mvavi‡Yi †_‡K †jL‡Ki `„wófw½MZ cv_©K¨
K‡jR †_‡K?
L R¡i Gi Av‡M KL‡bv nqwb
 XvKv K‡jR L ewikvj K‡jR 810. gnvivRvi iæwPi cwiPq cvIqv hvq Kx †`‡L?
 wewPÎ ai‡bi eB L evwoi bKkv M R¡i‡K fv‡jvev‡m e‡j
M Lyjbv K‡jR N cvebv K‡jR
M QvcvLvbv N †Rbv‡iUi N ï‡q _vK‡Z nq e‡j
793. ûgvq~b Avng` †Kvb wek¦we`¨vjq †_‡K mœvZK
I mœvZ‡KvËi wWwMÖ AR©b K‡ib? 811. we‡Kj¸‡jv †jL‡Ki Kv‡Q †ivgvÂKi wQj †Kb? 829. †jLKmn Zuvi fvB-†evb‡ì R¡i Av‡m Kxfv‡e?
K ivRkvnx wek¦we`¨vjq  e‡b †eov‡Z hvIqvi Rb¨  wbqwgZ L mÜ¨vq
L Lyjbv wek¦we`¨vjq L †jL‡Z hvIqvi Rb¨ M †gvUvgywU N mKv‡j
 XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq N Kzwóqv wek¦we`¨vjq M cÖvK…wZK †mŠ›`h© N dzUej †Ljvi Rb¨ 830. R¡i KLb Avm‡e GUv Rvbv _vKvi d‡j
794. wK‡mi Rb¨ ûgvq~b Avng` †¯^”Qvq Aemi MÖnY 812. †jL‡Ki evevi Kuv‡a e›`yK †bIqvi KviY Kx? †jL‡Kiv Kx KiZ?
K‡ib? K cÖvqB mvc †ei nq L cÖvqB wmsn †ei nq  †jc-Kuv_v gywo w`‡q weQvbvq ï‡q coZ
 mvwnZ¨PP©v L kvixwiK Amy¯’Zv M cÖvqB nwiY †ei nq  cÖvqB evN †ei nq L Ilya Av‡MB †L‡q wbZ
M cvweivwiK Kvi‡Y N mvgvwRK Kvi‡Y 813. gnvivRvi êwkó¨ wn‡m‡e Kx cvIqv hvq? M gv_vq cvwb w`Z
795. ûgvq~b Avn‡g` KZ¸‡jv MÖš’ iPbv K‡ib?  ÿgZvkvjx L K…cY M fxiæ N `qvjy N †R‡M _vKZ
K cÂvk L GKk M †òk  `yBk 814. †jLK evevi m‡½ †Kvb mgq ch©šÍ R½‡j 831. cÖwZw`b †fv‡i wZb fvB‡evb ivRevwoi
796. ûgvq~b Avn‡g‡ì iwPZ D‡jøL‡hvM¨ Dcb¨vm _vK‡Zb? gw›`‡ii †Kv_vq e‡m _v‡K?
†KvbwU? K mvivwU we‡Kj  mÜ¨v K eviv›`vq L evB‡i
K k¨vgj Qvqv L P›`ªK_v M ivZ N `ycyi  PvZv‡j N Mv‡Q
 k•Lbxj KvivMvi N K…òcÿ 815. †jLK K¬všÍ n‡q evwo wdi‡Zb †Kb? 832. wZb fvB-†evb †Kv_vq e‡m Mv‡q †iv` gv‡L? [Aby 1]
797. ûgvq~b Avn‡g‡ì wbwg©Z D‡jøL‡hvM¨ Pjw”PÎ  R½‡j †NvivNywi K‡i K D‡Vv‡bi Nv‡m L N‡ii eviv›`vq
†KvbwU? L ev‡Ni †cQ‡b †`Š‡o  gw›`‡ii PvZv‡j N êVKLvbvq
K bw›`Z bi‡K  Av¸‡bi cikgwY M bv †L‡q †Nvivi Kvi‡Y 833. GB mgq †jLK‡ì m½ †`q †K?
M wcÖqZ‡gly N A‡qvgq N †Kv‡bvwUB bq K gqbv cvwL L weovj
798. ûgvq~b Avn‡g` Kxfv‡e g„ZzëiY K‡ib? 816. RM`‡j eb †_‡K Kx AvmZ? k †e½j UvBMvi N mvc
K moK `yN©Ubvq  †K¬vb K¨vÝv‡i K wewPÎ cvwL L wewPÎ cï 834. †e½j UvBMvi bv‡gi KzKziwU Kv‡ì?
 wewPÎ kã N wewPÎ mvc K cv‡ki evwoi L gv÷v‡ii
M eøvW K¨vÝv‡i N n„`‡iv‡M
799. ûgvq~b Avn‡g` KZ mv‡j g„ZzëiY K‡ib? 817. nVvr GKw`b †jL‡Ki Kx n‡qwQj? M †jL‡Ki  gnvivRvi
K 2010 mv‡ji 19†k RyjvB K AÁvb n‡q wM‡qwQj L †cU e¨_v n‡qwQj 835. gnvivRvi KZ¸‡jv KzKzi wQj?
L 2010 mv‡ji 20†k RyjvB M cv‡q e¨_v n‡qwQj  R¡i n‡qwQj K cuvPUv L QqUv M mvZUv  A‡bK
M 2012 mv‡ji 19†k RyjvB 818. R¡i †`‡L Kvi gyL ïwK‡q †Mj? 836. gnvivRv me KzKzi‡K wb‡Z cvi‡jI GB
 2012 mv‡ji 19†k RyjvB K evevi L gv‡qi KzKzi‡K wb‡Z cv‡ibwb †Kb?
 evev-gv‡qi N †QvU fvB‡ev‡bi  KzKziwU ivRevwo †Q‡o †h‡Z ivwR nqwb
g~jcvVcvVëB; c„ôv 178-180 819. wb‡Pi †KvbwU RM`‡j KzL¨vZ wQj? L KzKziwU †Luvov wQj
800. †jL‡Ki KLb A™¢yZ ¯^cœgq w`b †K‡U‡Q?  g¨v‡jwiqv L dvB‡jwiqv M RvqMvi Afv‡e N Amy¯’ wQj
 ˆkk‡e L ˆK‡kv‡i M †W½y N Wvqwiqv 837. †e½j UvBMvi‡K Lvb`vwb ejv n‡qwQj †Kb? [Aby 2]
M †hŠe‡b N e„× eq‡m 820. g¨v‡jwiqv GKevi KvD‡K ai‡j Kx KiZ?  Avè-Kvq`vi Rb¨
801. †jL‡Ki ˆkk‡ei ¯^cœgq wKQyw`b †Kv_vq †K‡U‡Q? K m‡ZR KiZ L Avbw›`Z KiZ L ¯^Zš¿ êwk‡óï Rb¨
K †gvnbM‡Ä L †bÎ‡Kvbvq M c½y K‡i w`Z M my›ì †Pnvivi Rb¨
M XvKv  RM`‡j  Rxebxkw³ cy‡ivcywi wbt‡kl K‡i w`Z N eqm nIqvi Rb¨
838. KzKziwU wSgy‡Z wSgy‡Z wK‡mi Rb¨ A‡cÿv K‡i? 855. RM`j †jLK‡K hv w`‡q‡Q 866. †jL‡Ki evev ¸wj K‡i KzKziwU‡K nZ¨v K‡i
 g„Zzï Rb¨ i. gyw³i gnvb›` hš¿Yv †_‡K gyw³ w`‡jb, Zv‡Z g‡b nq wZwb
L LvIqvi Rb¨ ii. UvKv-cqmv i. wbôzi ii. ci`ytLKvZi
M †eov‡Z hvIqvi Rb¨ iii. ¯^cœgq w`b iii. cï‡cÖgx
N †Kv‡bvwUB bq wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
839. †jL‡Ki m‡½ †K wQj? Ki L ii  i I iii N i, ii I iii Ki  ii I iii M iii N i I ii
 †kdz I BKevj L †kdv I dviæK 856. gnvivRv m¤ú‡K© ejv hvq wZwb 867. †jL‡Ki evev KzKzi‡K nZ¨v Kivi Kvi‡Y
M BKevj I dviæK N †kdz I †kdv i. ÿgZvkvjx wQ‡jb †jLK iv‡M, `yt‡L, Awfgv‡b fvZ bv †L‡q ï‡q
840. †jL‡Ki gv Zv‡ì gvSLv‡b Kv‡K ewm‡q w`‡jb? ii. abx wQ‡jb c‡owQ‡jb| GUv cÖgvY K‡i
K wblv` L bynvk  kvnxb N wkjv iii. iæwPevb wQ‡jb i. †jLK KzKzi‡K fv‡jvevm‡Zb
841. †jLK gw›`‡ii eÜ ìRvi duvK w`‡q Kx †ei wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? ii. DcKv‡ii cyi¯‹vi g„Zz¨ †jLK Zv gvb‡Z
n‡Z †`L‡jb? Ki L ii M iii  i, ii I iii cv‡ibwb
K ARMi mvc  †KD‡U mvc 857. †jLK I Zuvi evevi e‡b hvIqvi KviY iii. †jLK wbR nv‡Z gvi‡Z †P‡qwQ‡jb
M MuyBmvc N †Kv‡bvwUB bq i. †eov‡bv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
842. †KD‡U mvcwUi Dci Suvwc‡q coj †K? ii. wkKvi Ki L ii  i I ii N i, ii I iii
K †jLK L †kdz iii. Qwe †Zvjv
M BKevj  †e½j UvBMvi wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
843. wØZxq w`b KzKz‡ii Ae¯’v †Kgb n‡jv? i L ii M iii N i I iii  DÏxcKwU c‡o 868 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
 Pvgov L‡m coj L g‡i †Mj 858. g¨v‡jwiqv hv Ki‡Z cv‡i Kvgv‡ji wcÖq KeyZi ÔivRvÕ wd‡i G‡j †m Avb‡›`
M R¡i Avmj N nvwi‡q †Mj i. †g‡i †dj‡Z cv‡i UMeM Ki‡Z _v‡K| ivRvi Rb¨ b~cyi wK‡b Avb‡e,
844. †jL‡Ki evev KzKziwU‡K Kxfv‡e gvi‡jb? ii. Amy¯’ K‡i w`‡Z cv‡i my›ì evmv ˆZwi Ki‡e G K_v fve‡Z fve‡Z †m
 ¸wj K‡i L wcwU‡q iii. kix‡i R¡i Avb‡Z cv‡i iv‡Z Nywg‡q hvq| wPrKvi †PuPv‡gwP‡Z Nyg fvO‡j
M wel w`‡q N Av¸‡b cywo‡q wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? †`Š‡o wM‡q †`‡L D‡Vv‡b †Qvc †Qvc i³ Avi
845. †jL‡Ki evev KqwU ¸wj K‡i KzKziwU‡K gvi‡jb? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii  i, ii I iii cvjK| Zvi ivRv †Kv_vI †bB| welYœ `„wó‡Z
K GKwU  `yBwU M wZbwU N PviwU 859. †jL‡Ki wek¦vm wQj g¨v‡jwiqv ai‡e bv ZvwK‡q _v‡K †m w`‡K| [Aby 3]
868. DÏxc‡Ki ivRv ÔwbqwZÕ M‡íi †h Pwi‡Îi
846. †jL‡Ki evev KzKziwU‡K †g‡iwQ‡jb †Kb? i. cÖwZ iweev‡i KzBbvBb †L‡qwQ‡jb e‡j
K MwjZ gvs‡mi `yM©Ü Avm‡Q e‡j ii. ev‡qv‡KwgK Ilya †L‡qwQ‡jb
cÖwZwbwa Zv n‡jv
iii. g¨v‡jwiqv GKevi Zvi n‡qwQj e‡j
K †KD‡U mvc  †e½j UvBMvi
L KzKziwU me Lvevi †L‡q †djZ e‡j
M ZÿK N ˆ`Z¨
 KzKz‡ii Kó mn¨ Ki‡Z bv †c‡i wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
Ki L ii  i I ii N i, ii I iii  DÏxcKwU c‡o 869 †_‡K 871bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
N gvbyl‡K KvgovZ e‡j
MÖx‡®§i QywU‡Z wccjy bvbv evwo hvq| mvivw`b
847. †Q‡ji Rxeb iÿv K‡i‡Q| Zvic‡iI 860. g¨v‡jwiqv AmyLUv †jL‡Ki cQ›` nq
ˆn‰P, †Ljvayjv, b`x‡Z †Mvmj, gvQ aiv wewfbœ
KzKziwU‡K †jL‡Ki evev †g‡i Kx ej‡jb? i. kx‡Zi Rb¨ kix‡i Av‡ek m„wó
gRv K‡i mgq cvi K‡i‡Q| QywU †kl nIqvq
 G‡K ewj wbqwZ L cv‡ci kvw¯Í ii. R¡i evo‡j cÖwZwU wRwbm AvK…wZ‡Z †QvU g‡b nq
¯‹zj ïiæ n‡q hvIqv‡Z wccjyi g‡b n‡jv
M DcKv‡ii cyi¯‹vi N `yN©Ubv iii. wb‡R‡K ˆ`Zï g‡Zv jv‡M
GZw`b Kx Avb‡›` w`b KvUj| ¯‹zj ïiæ
848. Pviw`‡K Nb AÜKv‡ii g‡a¨ Kx WvK‡Q? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? nIqv‡Z Avevi hš¿Yv ïiæ|
 ZÿK L †cuPv Ki L ii M iii  i, ii I iii 869. DÏxc‡Ki wccjyi m‡½ ÔwbqwZÕ iPbvi
M KvK N e¨vO 861. KzKziwU ivRevwo †Q‡o †h‡Z Pvqwb †jL‡Ki mv`„k¨ †Kv_vq?
849. evwoi Pvicv‡k wK‡mi e‡b nvIqv †j‡M wewPÎ i. evwoi Uv‡b  ¯‹zj hš¿Yvi L gvQ aiv
kã DV‡Q? ii. ivRevwoi gvqv‡Z M †Ljvayjv N ˆn‰P
K euvk e‡b  Avg e‡b iii. †jL‡Ki Kvi‡Y 870. DÏxc‡K wccjy I ÔwbqwZÕ M‡íi †jL‡Ki mgq
M KuvVvj e‡b N wjPz e‡b wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? †K‡U‡Q Kxfv‡e?
Ki L ii  i I ii N iii  Avb‡›` L `yt‡L
kãv_© I UxKvcvVëB; c„ôv 180 862. RM`‡ji evwo‡Z mvc wQj †h Kvi‡Y M e¨_v †c‡q N eKzwb ï‡b
850. A™¢yZ k‡ãi A_© Kx? i. R½‡ji g‡a¨ nIqvq 871. DÏxc‡Ki wcjyi KvUv‡bv gyn~‡Z©i m‡½ M‡íi
 PgrKvi L KzkÖx M fqsKi N exfrm ii. evwowU cwiZ¨³ wQj e‡j †jL‡Ki Awgj n‡jv
851. Av‡ek ej‡Z Kx †evS? iii. gnvivRv mvc cyl‡Zb i. b`x‡Z †Mvmj Kiv
 fvev‡eM L fv‡jvevmv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? ii. e‡b †eov‡Z hvIqv
M GK ai‡bi cÖwZwµqv N QÙ‡ek Ki L ii  i I ii N iii iii. gvQ aiv
852. ZÿK k‡ãi A_© Kx? 863. KzKz‡ii Avè-Kvq`v fv‡jv wQj wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
 GK ai‡bi welai mvc L KzKzi K i I ii  i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
i. gnvivRvi evwo‡Z cvwjZ e‡j
M wUKwUwK N cvwL ii. es‡ki Kvi‡Y  DÏxcKwU c‡o 872 I 873bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
iii. R½‡ji cv‡k _vKvi Kvi‡Y
†QvU‡bi †cvlv weov‡ji bvg gw›U| gw›U‡K evwoi
cvV cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 180 mevB Lye Avì K‡i| †QvU‡bi gv gw›U‡K
853. ûgvq~b Avn‡g‡ì †Kvb MÖš’ †_‡K ÔwbqwZÕ mgqg‡Zv Lvevi †`q| gw›U evwoi Bu`yi¸‡jv †L‡q
i L ii M i I ii N iii
bvgK MíwU msKwjZ n‡q‡Q? †QvUb‡ì DcKvi K‡i| gw›U eq‡mi fv‡i GKmgq
K Avgvi ˆkke 864. kvnxb‡K euvPv‡Z †e½j UvBMv‡ii Ae`vb gviv †M‡j †QvUb Lye Kó cvq|
 Avgvi †Q‡j‡ejv i. KzKziUv mv‡ci Dci Suvwc‡q c‡o‡Q 872. DÏxc‡Ki weov‡ji m‡½ ÔwbqwZÕ M‡íi KzKz‡ii
M RM`‡ji †mB w`b¸wj ii. KzKziUv mv‡ci dYv Kvg‡o wQu‡o †d‡j‡Q wgj †Kv_vq?
N †mB KzKziwU iii. wb‡R mv‡ci Kvgo †L‡q‡Q  DcKvwiZvq L Lvb`vwb Pv‡j
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M AjmZvq N wnsmÖZvq
eûc`x mgvwßm~PK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi Ki L ii M i I ii  i, ii I iii 873. DÏxc‡Ki †QvU‡bi gv‡qi m‡½ ÔwbqwZÕ M‡íi
854. ¯‹zj †jL‡Ki Kv‡Q hš¿Yv`vqK wQj 865. kvnx‡bi mvc †`‡L Avb‡›ì mxgv †bB †jL‡Ki gv‡qi mv`„k¨ n‡jv
i. eva¨Zvg~jK wkÿvc×wZi Kvi‡Y i. mvc welv³ GUv †ev‡S bv i. cÖvYxi cÖwZ ggZ¡‡eva
ii. `yóz eÜy‡ì Kvi‡Y ii. eq‡m A‡bK †QvU ii. cÖvYxi cÖwZ wei³
iii. wkÿK‡ì kvw¯Íi Kvi‡Y iii. kvnx‡bi †cvlv mvc e‡j iii. `yR‡bB cÖvYx‡K cÖkÖq †`b
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
i L i I ii M i I iii N iii Ki L ii  i I ii N iii Ki  i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
KweZv 12wU eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ _vK‡e; cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœiB DËi w`‡Z n‡e| 112 = 12
KweZv 01 e½evYx  Ave`yj nvwKg

cvVëB we‡kølY 888. wb‡Pi †Kvb Kve¨MÖš’wU Ave`yj nvwK‡gi iPbv? 901. ÔhZ BwZ evYxÕ ej‡Z Kwe Ave`yj nvwKg Kx
k knibvgv †evSv‡Z †P‡q‡Qb?
mvaviY eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi L cv‡Äwi K Ab¨ GKwU fvlv L gvZ…fvlv
M eLwZqv‡ii †Nvov M evsjv fvlv k Ab¨vb¨ hZ fvlv
Kwe cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 195 N D™¢U D‡Ui wc‡V P‡j‡Q ¯^‡`k 902. Kwe Ave`yj nvwKg Ôwn›`yi AÿiÕ ej‡Z Kx
874. cvVëB‡q Kwe Ave`yj nvwK‡gi †h Rš§ZvwiL 889. †Kvb Kwei KweZvq Zuvi Abycg e¨w³‡Z¡i †evSv‡Z †P‡q‡Qb?
†Ìqv Av‡Q Zv Kx ai‡bi? cwiPq †g‡j? K ms¯‹…Z fvlv
K mwVK k AvbygvwbK K gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë L Kvq‡Kvev` L †è‡èxi gvnvZ¥¨ K_v
M Z_¨c~Y© N mwVK bq k Ave`yj nvwKg N Ave`yj Kvwì k evsjv fvlv N wnw›` fvlv
875. Ave`yj nvwKg KZ wLªóv‡ã Rš§MÖnY K‡ib? 890. Kwe Avãyj nvwK‡gi KweZvq †KvbwUi cwiPq †g‡j? 903. Ôwn›`yi AÿiÕ wnsmv K‡i Kviv?
K AvbygvwbK 1720 wLªóv‡ã K hviv giwg mvabv m¤ú‡K© AeMZ
k Abycg e¨w³‡Z¡i L Abycg Q‡›ì
L AvbygvwbK 1260 wLªóv‡ã L hviv wb‡Ri †`k‡K fv‡jvev‡m
M PgrKvi Dcgvi N my›ì MwZgqZvi
k AvbygvwbK 1620 wLªóv‡ã M hviv gvZ…fvlv‡K AeÁv K‡i
891. KZ wLªóv‡ã Kwe Ave`yj nvwKg g„ZzëiY K‡ib?
N AvbygvwbK 1660 wLªóv‡ã k gvid‡Z Ávbnxbiv
K 1990 wLªóv‡ã L 1790 wLªóv‡ã
876. m›Øx‡ci myavivgcyi MÖv‡g †Kvb Kwe Rš§MÖnY K‡ib? 904. Ôwn›`yi Aÿ‡i wns‡m †m m‡ei MYÕ Ôe½evYxÕ
k 1690 wLªóv‡ã N 1890 wLªóv‡ã
K Kvq‡Kvev` L Avnmvb nvexe KweZvq Kwe Kv‡ì m¤ú‡K© G gšÍe¨ K‡i‡Qb?
k Ave`yj nvwKg N diiæL Avng` g~jcvVcvVëB; c„ôv 195 k hviv giwg mvabv m¤ú‡K© AeMZ bq
877. Kwe Ave`yj nvwK‡gi Rš§¯’vb †Kv_vq? 892. Kwe Ave`yj nvwKg Kv‡ì Amyweavi K_v L hviv wb‡Ri †`k‡K fv‡jvev‡m bv
K †Kkecy‡ii mvMiùvwo‡Z M hviv wKZve co‡Z Rv‡b bv
we‡ePbv K‡i KveïPbv K‡ib?
L bv‡Uv‡ii AvwRgbM‡i N hviv gvZ…fvlv‡K fv‡jvev‡m bv
K Kwe‡ì
M †Kkecy‡ii cuvwRqvq 905. Ôe½evYxÕ KweZvi cÖavb evnb n‡jv
k hv‡ì eBcÎ covi Af¨vm †bB
k m›Øx‡ci myavivgcy‡i K wbiÄb L gvidZ k gvZ…fvlv N Avb›`
M Kwewe‡ivax‡ì
878. Ôe½evYxÕ KweZvwU †Kvb kZ‡K iwPZ n‡q‡Q? 906. Ô†m me Kvnvi Rš§ wbY©q b RvwbÕ Kwe Ave`yj
N evsjv fvlv AeÁvKvix‡ì
K ga¨hy‡M L †lvok kZ‡K nvwKg Kv‡ì m¤ú‡K© G Dw³ K‡i‡Qb?
893. Ô†m m‡e Kwnj †gv‡Z g‡b nvwejvlÕ  GLv‡b [Aby-2]
k mß`k kZ‡K N Ebwesk kZ‡K
ÔnvwejvlÕ A_© Kx? K wbR †`k Z¨vM K‡i hviv we‡`‡k hvq
879. Ave`yj nvwKg †Kvb hy‡Mi Kwe? o evsjv‡`‡k hviv evsjv fvlv‡K N„Yv K‡i
K cÖvK-ga¨hy‡Mi k ga¨hy‡Mi K AwfRvZ L wejvm
M †`kx fvlvq we`¨v jvf K‡i †h Z…ß bq
M AvaywbK hy‡Mi N ga¨hyM cieZx© k Awfjvl N `ytL
N hviv evsjv‡K wn›`yqvbx fvlv e‡j g‡b K‡i
880. Ave`yj nvwKg †K wQ‡jb? 894. Ô†m m‡e Kwnj †gv‡ZÕ evK¨vs‡ki fvev_©
wn‡m‡e wb‡Pi †KvbwU mg_©b Kiv hvq? 907. ÔwbR †`k †ZqvMx †Kb we‡`k b hvqÕ GLv‡b
k mß`k kZ‡Ki GKRb cÖL¨vZ Kwe
L AvaywbK evsjv mvwn‡Zï cy‡ivav K †m Avgv‡K mewKQy ejj Ô†ZqvMxÕ A_©
k Z¨vM K‡i L fv‡jv‡e‡m
M †lvok kZ‡Ki Ab¨Zg wewkó †jLK k Zviv mevB Avgv‡K ejj
M `ytL K‡i N ˆZwi K‡i
N Agi K_vmvwnwZ¨K M Zviv mevB A‡bK wKQy ejj
881. Ôe½evYxÕ KweZvq gvZ…fvlvi cÖwZ Kwei †Kgb N †m Avgv‡K mewKQy ejj
908. ÒwbR †`k †ZqvMx †Kb we‡`k b hvq|ÓÑ Kwe
Abyf‚wZ cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q? Kv‡ì we‡`k †h‡Z e‡j‡Qb?
895. †`kx fv‡l eywS‡Z jjv‡U cy‡i fvM GLv‡b k gvZ…fvlvi cÖwZ hv‡ì AbyivM †bB
K `ye©vi †ÿv‡fi Abyf‚wZ ÔfvMÕ A_© Kx? L hv‡ì wKZve covi Af¨vm †bB
L Pvcv Av‡µv‡ki Abyf‚wZ K Ask L fvwM`vi M hv‡ì gvidZ‡f‡` Ávb †bB
k Abb¨ gg‡Z¡i Abyf‚wZ
k fvM¨ N cvIbv`vi N hv‡ì Aviwe-dviwm fvlvi cÖwZ AbyivM †bB
N Amnbxq weiw³fve
882. ga¨hy‡Mi †Kvb Kwe gvZ…fvlvi cÖwZ fv‡jvevmvi 896. ÔAviwe dviwm wn‡›` bvB `yB gZÕ jvBbwU‡Z 909. evsjv fvlvi AeÁvKvix‡K Kwe †Kv_vq P‡j
†ÿ‡Î cieZx© cÖR‡š§i Rb¨ KvjRqx Av`k©? Kwei †Kvb g‡bvfve cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q? †h‡Z e‡j‡Qb?
K ïay gvZ…fvlvi cÖwZ AbyivM K `xcvšÍ‡i L †RjLvbvq
K kvn gyn¤§` mMxi L AvjvIj
k me fvlvi cÖwZ kÖ×v k we‡`‡k L Avi‡e
M Ck¦iP›`ª ¸ß k Ave`yj nvwKg
883. ÔBDmyd †Rv‡jLvÕ Kx? M evsjv fvlvi DrcwË 910. ÔgvZv wcZvgn µ‡g e‡½Z emwZÕ cO&w³wUi gv‡b
N we‡`wk fvlvi cÖwZ AvKl©Y K evsjv‡`k Avgv‡ì gvZ…f‚wg
K Ave`yj nvwK‡gi Dcb¨vm
L evsjv‡`k Avgv‡ì wcZvgvZvi Rš§f‚wg
L †`ŠjZ KvRxi Kve¨ 897. ÔAvjøv bexi wQdZÕ Gi A_© n‡jv
k eskvbyµ‡g evsjv‡`‡k Avgv‡ì emwZ
M AvjvI‡ji Kve¨ k Avjøvn I bwei ¸YKxZ©b
N evsjv‡`‡k Avgv‡ì emwZ
k Ave`yj nvwK‡gi Kve¨MÖš’ L Avjøvn I bwei fvlv
884. ÔjvjgwZÕ Kvi †jLv Kve¨MÖš’? 911. eskvbyµ‡g Kwei evsjv‡`‡k emev‡mi wPÎwU
M Avjøvn I bwei Kvh©µg
dz‡U D‡V‡Q †Kvb welqwU cÖ‡qv‡Mi gva¨‡g?
K kvnv`vr †nv‡m‡bi N Avjøvn I bwei kc_ k gvZv wcZvgn µ‡g e‡½Z emwZ
L mywdqv Kvgv‡ji 898. Avjøvn †Kvb fvlv †ev‡Sb e‡j Ôe½evYxÕ L †`kx fvlv Dc‡`k g‡b wnZ AwZ
k Ave`yj nvwK‡gi KweZvq D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q? M †mme Kvnvi Rš§ wbY©q b Rvwb
N KvRx bRiæj Bmjv‡gi K Bs‡iwR L Aviwe N †m m‡e Kwnj †gv‡Z g‡b nvwejvl
885. ÔjvjgwZ I mqdzjgyjKÕ Kx? M dviwm k me fvlv 912. Kv‡ì Rb¨ evsjv fvlvi †P‡q wnZKi e‡j wKQz
k Ave`yj nvwK‡gi Kve¨MÖš’
899. †`wk fvlvq Kve¨ iPbv Kivi †cQ‡b Kwe n‡Z cv‡i bv?
L Avj gvn&gy‡ì Dcb¨vm K mªóvi
M kvn gyn¤§` mMx‡ii Kve¨MÖš’
Ave`yj nvwK‡gi hyw³ n‡jv, †`wk fvlv
k Rbmvavi‡Yi †evaMg¨ L Aviwe I dviwmfvlx‡ì
N diiæL Avng‡ì Kve¨MÖš’ k evsjv hv‡ì gvZ…fvlv
886. Kwe Ave`yj nvwKg iwPZ Kve¨ bq †KvbwU? L mKj gvby‡li Rb¨ DcKvix
N me fvlvi gvby‡li
k i³ivM L jvjgwZ M wkÿvi gva¨g wn‡m‡e †ewk Dc‡hvMx
913. Ôe½evYxÕ KweZvi †kl PiY †KvbwU? [Aby-1]
M Kvievjv N knibvgv N cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki wcÖq fvlv
o †`wk fvlv Dc‡`k g‡b wnZ AwZ
887. ÔknibvgvÕ †Kvb ai‡bi iPbv? 900. Ôe½‡`kx evK¨Õ ej‡Z Kwe Kx eywS‡q‡Qb? L wbR †`k †ZqvMx †Kb we‡`k b hvq
K Kve¨bvU¨ k Kve¨MÖš’ k evsjv fvlv L cÖvPxb e½xq fvlv M e½‡`kx evK¨ wKev hZ BwZ evYx
M †QvUMí N Dcb¨vm M gvZ…fvlv N we‡`wk fvlv N †m me Kvnvi Rš§ wbY©q b Rvwb
kãv_© I UxKvcvVëB; c„ôv 196 931. Ôe½evYxÕ KweZvi cÖwZcv`¨ welq Kx? 939. wmdv‡Zi gb Lvivc Kivi ga¨ w`‡q Ôe½evYxÕ
K mvaviY gvby‡li cÖwZ fv‡jvevmv KweZvq Ave`yj nvwK‡gi †h Abyf‚wZ cÖKvk
914. ÔwQdZÕ †Kvb fvlvi kã?
L Aviwe-dviwm fvlvi cÖwZ AbyivM †c‡q‡Q Zv n‡jv
K evsjv k Aviwe M dviwm N Bs‡iwR
M ¯^‡`‡ki HwZ‡nï cÖwZ AvKl©Y i. gvZ…fvlvcÖxwZ
915. ÔwQdZÕ k‡ãi A_© Kx?
k ¯^‡`k I gvZ…fvlvi cÖwZ AbyivM ii. evsjv fvlvcÖxwZ
K bwmnZ k ¸Y M †`vl N êwkó¨
iii. Bs‡iwR we‡Øl
916. Ô†mB evK¨ ey‡S cÖfz Av‡c wbiÄb|Õ  G eûc`x mgvwßm~PK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
ev‡K¨ ÔwbiÄbÕ kãwU Kx A‡_© eën„Z n‡q‡Q? 932. Kwe †h fvlv¸‡jvi g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv cv_©K¨ †`L‡Z k i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K my›ì k m„wóKZ©v M KzkÖx N B”Qv
cvb bv  940. D³ Abyf‚wZi cÖKvk N‡U‡Q †Kvb Pi‡Y?
917. ÔgvidZÕ kãwUi A_© Kx? i. Aviwe K †`kx fv‡l eywS‡Z jjv‡U cy‡i fvM
k giwg mvabv L ewjô KÉ
ii. dviwm L †mB evK¨ ey‡S cÖfz Av‡c wbiÄb
M mij c_ N msKxY©‡PZv
iii. wnw›` o †`kx fvlv Dc‡`k g‡b wnZ AwZ
cvV cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 196 wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? N e½‡`kx evK¨ wKev hZ BwZ evYx
K i I iii L ii I iii M i I ii k i, ii I iii  DÏxcKwU c‡o 941 I 942bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
918. Ôe½evYxÕ KweZvi iPwqZvi bvg Kx?
K KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg k Ave`yj 933. †h m‡e e‡½Z Rwš§ wns‡m e½evYxÕ Zviv gvnv`x L¨vZbvgv Bswjk wgwWqvg ¯‹z‡j c‡o|
nvwKg i. AK…ZÁ †QvU †evb dvwinv co‡Q evsjv wgwWqv‡g|
M kvn gyn¤§` mMxi N gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë ii. AÁvZKzjkxj wb‡Ri wgwWqv‡gi cÖwZ Mfxi fv‡jvevmv †_‡K
919. Ôe½evYxÕ KweZvwU †Kvb MÖš’ †_‡K msKjb Kiv iii. Rš§-cwiPqnxb gv‡Sg‡a¨B dvwinv‡K covïbv wb‡q bvK
n‡q‡Q? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? wmUKvq gvnv`x|
K bmxnrbvgv k b~ibvgv K i I ii L i I iii k ii I iii N i, ii I iii 941. gvnv`x Ôe½evYxÕ KweZvi Kv‡ì cÖwZwbwa?
M †mKv›`vibvgv N cÙveZx 934. evsjv fvlvwe‡Ølx‡ì eskcwiPq m¤ú‡K© Kwe k gvZ…fvlvwe‡Ølx‡ì
920. Ôe½evYxÕ KweZvwU †Kvb kZ‡K iwPZ nq? i. we¯§q cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb L gvidZ Ávbnxb‡ì
K cÂ`k kZ‡K L †lvok kZ‡K ii. fr©mbv K‡i‡Qb M kv¯¿Ávbnxb‡ì
k mß`k kZ‡K N Aóv`k kZ‡K iii. wa°vi w`‡q‡Qb N †evakw³nxb‡ì
921. KweZvi cÖavb evnb Kx? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 942. D³ e¨w³‡ì wel‡q Ave`yj nvwK‡gi
k fve L fvlv K i I ii L i I iii k ii I iii N i, ii I iii AwfgZ
M wPÎKí N welqe¯Íy 935. †`wk fvlv we`¨v hvi g‡b b Ryqvq i. Zviv †hb †`k †Q‡o we‡`k P‡j hvq
922. Ôe½evYxÕ KweZvq Kwe wK‡mi RqMvb †M‡q‡Qb? `y» †mªv‡Zviƒcx Zzwg Rš§f‚wg ¯Í‡b ii. Zv‡ì Rš§cwiPq wbY©q Kiv hvq bv
K Kzms¯‹v‡ii k gvZ…fvlvi evsjvi gvwU KZ fv‡jvevwm iii. Zv‡ì Av`k© Z¨vM Kiv DwPZ
M ag©cÖvY gymjgv‡bi N wbh©vwZZ cwiev‡ii
DÏxc‡Ki cO&w³Î‡q wgj cvIqv hvq wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
923. Ôe½evYxÕ KweZvq Kwe †Kvb fvlvi ¸YKxZ©b Ki L ii M iii k i I ii
i. fvlvcÖxwZ‡Z
K‡i‡Qb?  DÏxcKwU c‡o 943 I 944bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
ii. cÖK…wZcÖxwZ‡Z
k evsjv fvlvi L Bs‡iwR fvlvi gvZ…fvlv‡K AeÁv Kiv Mwn©Z AvPiY e‡j
iii. ¯^‡`kcÖxwZ‡Z
M Aviwe fvlvi N dviwm fvlvi we‡eP¨| hviv Zv K‡i Zv‡ì †`kZ¨vM KivB
924. Ôe½evYxÕ KweZvq Aviwe-dviwm fvlvi cÖwZ †KvbwU mwVK?
KZ©e¨| KviY Zviv ciMvQviB bvgvšÍi|
Ki L i I ii M iii k i, ii I iii
Kwe Ave`yj nvwK‡gi g‡bvfve †Kgb? 943. D×…Zvs‡k Ôe½evYxÕ KweZvq wea„Z gvZ…fvlvi
k mnbkxj L weivMc~Y© 936. Ôe½evYxÕ KweZvq †hme fvlvi D‡jøL Av‡Q dz‡U IVv w`KwU n‡jv
M we‡Ølc~Y© N weiƒc i. Aviwe, dviwm
k ¸iæZ¡ L AvwfRvZ¨ M Ae`vb N Av‡e`b
925. †Kvb fvlv mevi cÖavb Aej¤^b nIqv DwPZ? ii. wmsnwj, ms¯‹…Z 944. DÏxc‡K cÖwZdwjZ fv‡ei m†½ wb‡Pi †KvbwUi
K Aviwe fvlv L wnw›` fvlv iii. Bs‡iwR, wnw›` mvgÄm¨ i‡q‡Q?
M evsjv fvlv k gvZ…fvlv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K n„`q Avgvi evsjvi jvwM
926. Ôe½evYxÕ KweZvi gg©K_v wn‡m‡e wb‡Pi ki L i I ii M i I iii N ii I iii †h †`‡kB _vwK m`v _v‡K RvwM
†KvbwU mg_©b‡hvM¨? 937. Ôe½evYxÕ KweZvi cÖwZcv`¨ welq L evsjvi Mí evsjvi MxZ,
K we‡`wk fvlvi cÖwZ ggZ¡‡eva i. †`wk fvlvi cÖwZ ggZ¡ cÖKvk ïwb‡j G wPË m`v we‡gvwnZv
L †`wk fvlvi cÖwZ †ÿvf ii. evsjv fvlvi cÖwZ ggZ¡ cÖKvk k evsjvi Kve¨, evsjvi fvlv,
k gvZ…fvlvi cÖwZ ggZv iii. mKj fvlvi cÖwZ ggZ¡ cÖKvk wgUvq Avgvi cÖv‡Yi wccvmv|
N we‡`wk fvlvi cÖwZ we‡Øl wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? N evOvwji m‡b wg‡k cÖv‡Y cÖv‡Y
927. Kwe Kv‡ì R‡š§i cÖwZ mw›`nvb? Ki L ii M iii k i I ii _vwKe mZZ Rxe‡b gi‡Y|
k G‡`‡k R‡š§I hviv evsjv fvlv‡K N„Yv K‡i  DÏxcKwU c‡o 945 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
938. Kwe Ave`yj nvwK‡gi gvZ…fvlv‡cÖ‡gi m‡½
L hviv ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡g AskMÖnY K‡iwb
Zzjbv Kiv hvq evsjv Avgv‡ì gvZ…f‚wg| gvZ…fvlv‡K AšÍ‡i jvjb
M hviv fvlv Av‡›`vj‡b Ask †bqwb
i. iwdK, mvjvg I eiKZ‡K K‡i ¯^‡`k I ¯^fvlvi cÖwZ ggZv cÖ`k©‡bi g‡a¨B
N hviv †Kv‡bv ag© gv‡b bv
ii. Avmv`, gwZDi I iæûj Avwgb‡K Avgv‡ì RvZxq cwiPq AšÍwb©wnZ| hviv evsjvq
928. Kwe Ave`yj nvwKg Kv‡ì cÖwZ Zxeª †ÿvf Rš§MÖnY K‡iI evsjv fvlvi cÖwZ Aby`vi Zv‡ì
cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb? iii. me kwn` eyw×Rxex‡K
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? eskcwiPq m¤ú‡K© †bwZevPK aviYv R‡š§|
K hviv evsjv fvlvq K_v e‡j bv
N i I iii
945. DwjøwLZ AskUzKz †Kvb KweZvi m‡½ m¤úwK©Z?
L hviv evsjv fvlvq wKZve c‡o bv ki L ii M iii
k e½evYx L K‡cvZvÿ b`
k hviv wbR fvlv I ms¯‹…wZi cÖwZ msKxY©‡PZv
N hviv Ab¨ fvlv I ms¯‹…wZi cÖwZ AvK…ó Awf®² Z^ÅwfwîK eüwbeÆvPwb cÉGk²vîi M kwn` ¯§i‡Y N ¯^vaxbZv Zzwg
929. ¯^‡`‡k †_‡KI hviv ¯^‡`‡ki fvlvi cÖwZ  DÏxcKwU c‡o 939 I 940bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :  DÏxcKwU c‡o 946 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
AeÁv †`Lvq Zviv cÖK…Zc‡ÿ Aóg †kÖwY‡Z e„wË cvIqvq evev Lywk n‡q evejy Bs‡iwR gva¨‡g covïbv K‡i, †m me
K †`k‡cÖwgK k wkKowenxb ciMvQv †iwWI‡Z Mvb †kvbvi Rb¨ wmdvZ‡K GKwU wel‡qB fv‡jv b¤î AR©b Ki‡jI evsjv‡Z
M RvwZ‡cÖwgK N †Lv`v‡cÖwgK †gvevBj †mU wK‡b w`‡qwQ‡jb| wKš‘ `yw`b fv‡jv b¤î cvq bv, †m evsjv‡K AcÖ‡qvRbxq
930. evsjvq Rš§MÖnY K‡i hviv evsjv fvlv‡K ev‡`B †m gb Lvivc K‡i †mUUv evev‡K †diZ †f‡e evsjv wel‡qi hZœ †bq bv|
AeÁv K‡i Kwe Ave`yj nvwKg Zv‡ì Kx wb‡q w`j| KviY FM P¨v‡bj¸‡jv‡Z bvwK 946. Ôe½evYxÕ KweZv Aej¤^‡b evejy‡K ejv hvq
m‡›`n cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb? Dc¯’vcKiv evsjv fvlv‡K B‡”Qg‡Zv weK…Z i. gvidZ Ávbnxb ii. †evakw³nxb
K eskcwiPq k Rš§cwiPq K‡i D”PviY K‡i Avi Bs‡iwR fvlvi cÖwZ iii. gvZ…fvlvwe‡Ølx
M esk I AvwfRvZ¨ Mfxi AbyivM †`Lvq| wmdv‡Zi GUv fv‡jv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
N AvwfRvZ¨ I cwiPq jv‡M bv| [Aby 3-4] Ki L ii k iii N i I ii
KweZv 02 K‡cvZvÿ b`  gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë

cvVëB we‡kølY 961. ÒAvi wK †n n‡e †`Lv?Ó Ñ Kwe Kvi mv‡_
†`Lv nIqvi evmbv e¨³ K‡i‡Qb?
mvaviY eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi K gvZ…f‚wg o K‡cvZvÿ b` 975. ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvq wb¤œwjwLZ kã cvIqv
Kwe cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 198 M eÜy-evÜe N wcZv-gvZv hvq
962. ÔGKvšÍ wbwiwewjÕ †evSv‡Z ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ i. evwi-iƒc, ivRiƒc
947. gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë KZ mv‡j Rš§MÖnY K‡ib?
KweZvq Kwe †Kvb kãwU eënvi K‡i‡Qb? ii. e½R, wgbwZ
o 1824 mv‡j L 1842 mv‡j
K Qj‡b o wei‡j iii. Kvgiƒc, wbwkiƒc
M 1873 mv‡j N 1837 mv‡j
M †hgwZ N mZZ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
948. Kwe gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `‡Ëi Rš§¯’vb
963. ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvq Kwe gv‡qi `y‡ai mv‡_ Ki o i I ii M i I iii N ii I iii
ÔmvMiùvwoÕ MÖvgwU †Kvb †Rjvi AšÍM©Z?
o h‡kvi L Kzwóqv M mvZÿxiv N Lyjbv Zzjbv K‡i‡Qb 976. ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvq Kwei mxgvnxb
o K‡cvZv‡ÿi Rj‡K L M½vi Rj‡K †`k‡cÖg dz‡U D‡V‡Q wb‡Pi †h cO&w³‡Z
949. Kwe gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë KZ mv‡j wLªóag©
MÖnY K‡ib? M Kwei AkÖæ‡K N ¯^‡`‡ki †cÖgim‡K i. mZZ, †n b`, Zzwg co †gvi g‡b
o 1842 mv‡j L 1845 mv‡j
964. ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvq Kwe ¯§„wZKvZi n‡q‡Qb †Kb? ii. `y»-†mªv‡Zviƒcx Zzwg Rš§f‚wg-¯Í‡b
K evj¨Rxe‡bi `yišÍcbv g‡b K‡i iii. jB‡Q †h Ze bvg e‡½i msMx‡Z
N 1850 mv‡j N 1855 mv‡j
950. ÔwZ‡jvËgvm¤¢eÕ gaym~`‡bi †Kvb ai‡bi iPbv? L ˆkk‡ei ewY©j w`‡bi K_v g‡b K‡i wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M KjKvZvi eÜy‡ì K_v g‡b K‡i Ki o ii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K bvUK o Kve¨ M cÖnmb N Dcb¨vm
951. gvB‡Kj gaym~`‡bi †jLv Kve¨ †KvbwU? o wbR MÖv‡gi K‡cvZvÿ b‡ì K_v g‡b K‡i 977. ÔwKš‘ G †mœ‡ni Z…òv wg‡U Kvi R‡jÕ? G
K exiv½bv Kve¨ L kwg©ôv bvUK kãv_© I UxKvcvVëB; c„ôv 199 Dw³‡Z Kwei †Kvb fve cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q? [Aby. 2]
o †gNbvèa Kve¨ N eªRv½bv Kve¨ i. ggZv
965. Ôm‡bUÕ-Gi ï× Bs‡iwR evbvb †KvbwU?
952. ÔG‡KB wK e‡j mf¨ZvÕ gaym~`‡bi †Kvb ii. AbyivM
o Sonnet L Sounet
ai‡bi iPbv? M Sownnet N Swonet iii. åvwšÍ
K bvUK o cÖnmb 966. 'Sestet'-Gi evsjv iƒc n‡jv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M Dcb¨vm N cÖeÜ K AóK o lUK Ki L ii M i I iii N i, ii I iii
953. evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ m‡b‡Ui cÖeZ©b †K K‡ib? M AšÍ¨wgj N wÎc`xKv [we. `ª. K I L `ywUB mwVK DËi]
o gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë L ew¼gP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq 967. ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvq cÖRv ejv n‡q‡Q Kv‡K?
M iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi N wenvixjvj PµeZ©x K mgy`ª‡K o K‡cvZvÿ b`‡K
954. KZ mv‡j gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë ci‡jvKMgb K‡ib? M e½R Rb‡K N wek¦evmx‡K  DÏxcKwU c‡o 978 I 979bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
K 1883 mv‡j o 1873 mv‡j 968. K‡cvZvÿ b` cÖRv wn‡m‡e ivRviƒ‡c Kv‡K Ki †`q? cÖevm Rxe‡b dv÷dz‡Wi †`vKv‡b
M 1876 mv‡j N 1886 mv‡j A_ev, ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvq Kv‡K ÔivRÕ iƒ‡c Kíbv Kiv KZ Lvevi †L‡qwQ Avwg Rxe‡b|
n‡q‡Q? gv‡qi nv‡Zi wcVvi K_v
g~jcvVcvVëB; c„ôv 198 fzwj Avwg †Kg‡b?
K Kwe‡K L Kwei Rš§f‚wg‡K [Aby. 3-4]
955. ÔmZZ, †n b`, Zywg co †gvi g‡b!Õ  Kwei o mvMi‡K N MÖvgxY cÖK…wZ‡K 978. ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvi †Kvb welqwU
†Kvb b‡ì K_v g‡b c‡o? 969. m‡b‡Ui êwkó¨ Kx? DÏxcKwU‡Z cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q?
K eªþcyÎ L Ki‡Zvqv M †gNbv o K‡cvZvÿ K AvU PiY, †PŠÏ gvÎv K myL ¯§„wZi Abycg wPÎvqY
956. ÔmZZ †Zvgvi K_v fvwe G wei‡jÕ Kwe Kvi o †PŠÏ PiY, †PŠÏ gvÎv L iwOb Kíbvi wb`k©b
K_v e‡j‡Qb? M AvU PiY, AvU gvÎv
M KóKi ¯§„wZi KvZiZv
o K‡cvZvÿ b` L mvMiùvwo MÖvg N Qq PiY, Qq gvÎv
o †mœnv`‡ii KvZiZv
M gvZ…f‚wg N e½R Rb
957. ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvq fz‡ji Rb¨ Kwei AbyZvc cvV cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 199 979. Aby‡”Q`wUi g~j e³e¨ wb‡Pi †Kvb Pi‡Y dz‡U D‡V‡Q?
970. ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ †Kvb RvZxq KweZv? K mZZ †Zvgvi K_v fvwe G wei‡j|
dz‡U D‡V‡Q †Kvb welqwU cÖ‡qv‡Mi gva¨‡g?
o m‡bU L MxwZKweZv L RyovB G Kvb Avwg åvwšÍi Qj‡b|
o RyovB G Kvb Avwg åvwšÍi Qj‡b
M cqvi N wj‡gwiK o G †mœ‡ni Z…òv wg‡U Kvi R‡j?
L eû †`‡k †`wLqvwQ eû b`-`‡j
971. ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvwU gvB‡Kj gaym~`b N Avi wK †n n‡e †`Lv|
M wKšÍy G †mœ‡ni Z…òv wg‡U Kvi R‡j
`‡Ëi †Kvb MÖš’ †_‡K †bIqv n‡q‡Q?  DÏxcKwU c‡o 980 I 981bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
N Avi wK †n n‡e †`Lv?
K exiv½bv L eªRv½bv
958. ÔåvwšÍi Qj‡bÕ A_© Kx? ÒKwd nvD‡Ri †mB AvÇvUv AvR Avi †bB
o PZy`©kc`x KweZvewj N †gNbvèa Kve¨
o fz‡ji Qjbvq L Avkvi Qjbvq
972. †Kvb KweZvq Kwei ¯§„wZKvZiZvi Avei‡Y AvR Avi †bB,
M cvIqvi Qjbvq N nvivevi fq †Kv_vq nvwi‡q †Mj †mvbvwj we‡Kj¸‡jv †mB
Zuvi †`k‡cÖg cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q?
959. Ô†hgwZ †jvK wbkvi ¯^c‡b †kv‡b gvqv-gš¿aŸwb|Õ GB K wZZvm o K‡cvZvÿ b` AvR Avi †bB|Ó
cO&w³i mv‡_ Kweg‡bi msMwZc~Y© fvewU n‡jv M evsjv Avgvi N ¯^vaxbZv Zzwg 980. DÏxc‡K dz‡U IVv Abyf‚wZ wb‡Pi †Kvb iPbvi
K `y»-†mªv‡Zviƒcx Zzwg Rš§f‚wg-¯Í‡b 973. ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvq Kwei Kx cwiPq mv‡_ mv`„k¨c~Y©?
L eû †`‡k †`wLqvwQ eû b`-`‡j cvIqv hvq? K mg‡qi cÖ‡qvR‡b o K‡cvZvÿ b`
o Ze KjK‡j RyovB G Kvb Avwg åvwšÍi Qj‡b K b`x‡cÖ‡gi M QywU N evsjvi gyL
N mZZ, †n b`, Zzwg co †gvi g‡b L wbmM©cÖxwZi 981. ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvi mv‡_ DÏxc‡K
960. ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvi Av‡jv‡K Kwe gvB‡Kj M cÖK…wZi cÖwZ ggZ¡‡ev‡ai DwjøwLZ mv`„k¨c~Y© Abyf‚wZ‡Z wgj i‡q‡Q
gaym~`b `‡Ëi †mœ‡ni Z…òv wg‡U wK‡mi gva¨‡g? o ¯§„wZKvZiZv i. †`k‡cÖg
K †gNbv b`xi R‡j 974. †Kv_vq emevmKv‡j Kwei g‡b Rš§f‚wgi ii. ¯§„wZKvZiZv
o K‡cvZvÿ b‡ì R‡j †e`bvweayi ¯§„wZ †R‡M I‡V? iii. †mœnKvZiZv
M cÙvb`xi R‡j K KjKvZvq L hy³iv‡R¨ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
N hgybv b`xi R‡j o d«v‡Ý N gv`ªv‡R Ki o ii M i I ii N i I iii
KweZv 03 Rxeb-m½xZ  †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq

cvVëB we‡kølY 995. Ôf‡q fxZ nBI bv gvbe|Õ Kwe wK‡m fq bv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
cvIqvi K_v e‡j‡Qb? Ki o i I ii M i I iii N ii I iii
mvaviY eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi K w`‡b L iv‡Z M Pjvi c‡_ o hy‡× 1010. ÔgwngvB RM‡Z `yj©fÕ G ev‡K¨ cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q
996. Kwe wK‡mi Dci wbf©i Ki‡Z gvbyl‡K wb‡la K‡i‡Qb? i. RM‡Z gvnvZ¥¨ jvf eo KwVb
Kwe cwiwPwZcvVÅeB; c†Ó¤v 201 K eZ©gv‡bi o fwel¨‡Zi ii. †MŠie RM‡Z eo gnvg~j¨ wRwbm
982. †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq †Kvb †Rjvq Rš§MÖnY K‡ib? M mg‡qi N msmv‡ii iii. RM‡Z gwngv `y®úÖvc¨
K ea©gvb L PweŸk ciMbv 997. ÔgnvRbÕ kãwU e¨vKi‡Yi †Kvb wbq‡g MwVZ? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
o ûMwj N b`xqv K mwÜi o mgv‡mi Ki o i I ii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
983. †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨v‡qi cov‡kvbv eÜ n‡q hvq †Kb? M cÖK…wZ-cÖZ¨‡qi N Dcm‡M©i 1011. Ôexh©evbÕ kãwU ÔRxeb-m½xZÕ KweZvq eën„Z n‡q‡Q
o Avw_©K msK‡U L hy‡×i Kvi‡Y 998. gnvÁvbx-gnvRb‡ì KxwZ©i aŸRv a‡i Avgiv i. civµg A‡_©
M †dj Kivq N Awb”Qvi Kvi‡Y Kx n‡Z cvwi? ii. civµgkvjx A‡_©
984. Ôe„ÎmsnviÕ Kx RvZxq Kve¨? K mvaK L mdj M ¯§iYxq o eiYxq iii. kw³kvjx A‡_©
K MxwZKve¨ L KvwnwbKve¨ 999. ÔRxeb-m½xZÕ KweZvq Kwe †Kv_vq c`v¼ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M cÎKve¨ o gnvKve¨ Aw¼Z K‡i Agi nIqvi Avkv e¨³ K‡i‡Qb? K i I ii L i I iii o ii I iii N i, ii I iii
985. †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq KZ wLªóv‡ã g„ZzëiY K‡ib? K msmvi mvMi Zx‡i o mgi-mvMi-Zx‡i 1012. ÔRxeb-m½xZÕ KweZvi Av‡jv‡K G c„w_ex‡K
K 1899 L 1901 o 1903 N 1905 M Rxeb mvMi Zx‡i N my‡Li mvMi Zx‡i
ejv wVK n‡e bv
g~jcvVcvVëB; c„ôv 201 kãv_© I UxKvcvVëB; c„ôv 202 i. ¯^‡cœi RMr
ii. gvqvi RMr
986. Kwe Kxfv‡e Ôe„_v Rš§ G msmv‡iÕ ej‡Z eviY 1000. ÔgwngvÕ k‡ãi A_© †KvbwU?
iii. mdjZvi RMr
K‡i‡Qb? K gnr L ¸iæZ¡c~Y©
K D”P ¯^‡i o KvZi ¯^‡i M AnsKvix o †MŠie
o i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M †Ku‡` †Ku‡` N †gŠbfv‡e 1001. gvby‡li g„Zz¨ n‡jv
987. Kwe Kx ej‡Z wb‡la K‡i‡Qb? o Awbevh© L wbevh© Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
K gvbyl gnxqvb M m¤¢vex N cÖwZ‡ivax  DÏxcKwU c‡o 1013 I 1014bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
L mv_©K Rš§ G msmv‡i 1002. ÔAvkÕ k‡ãi A_© †KvbwU? ïKzi wgqv GKRb Ly‡` eëmvqx| mvgvb¨ cuywR wb‡q
o e„_v Rš§ G msmv‡i K Zš‘ L Auvk o Avkv N Avmv
eëmvq ïiæ K‡ib| cÖ_g cÖ_g jvf cvb| GK mgq
N gvbyl Agi 1003. ÔNvZÕ k‡ãi wecixZ kã †KvbwU? Zvi eëmv‡q g›`v †`Lv †`q| G‡Z wZwb wKQyUv
988. ÔI‡n Rxe K‡iv bv µ›`b|Õ GLv‡b ÔRxeÕ n‡jv K wbN©vZ o cÖwZNvZ M AvNvZ N AcNvZ
wePwjZ n‡q c‡ob| ZLb eÜy nv‡Zg Zv‡K `„pZvi
K cÖvYx o gvbyl 1004. ÔbxiÕ k‡ãi A_© †KvbwU?
mv‡_ GwM‡q Pjvi civgk© †`b| ïKzi wgqv Zvi
M cïcvwL N cyiæl K Ni L evmv
civgk©‡K mv`‡i MÖnY K‡ib| [Aby. 3-4]
989. ÔGgb cv‡e bv AviÕ GLv‡b Kx bv cvIqvi o cvwb N wbivc` AvkÖq
1013. DÏxc‡Ki ïKzi wgqvi jÿ¨ Kx?
K_v ejv n‡q‡Q? cvV cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 202 K h‡kv×vi
K cig myL L wbg©j ivqy L AgiZ¡ jv‡fi AvKv•ÿv
o gvbe Rbg N wbg©j c„w_ex 1005. ÔRxeb-m½xZÕ KweZvq msmv‡i-mgiv½‡b hy‡×i
o msmvi mgiv½‡b wU‡K _vKv
990. my‡Li Avkv Ki‡j ci‡Z nq gva¨‡g Kwe cÖZ¨vkv K‡i‡Qb
N eiYxq nIqv
K dz‡ji gvjv o `yt‡Li duvm K DbœwZi L my‡Li
1014. Afxó j‡ÿ¨ †cuŠQv‡Z ïKz‡ii †h ¸‡Yi
M Avb‡›ì gvjv N my‡Li duvm o gyw³i N cÖwZ‡kv‡ai
Avek¨K Zv n‡jv
991. ÔRxeb-m½xZÕ KweZvq Kwe gvbyl‡K msmv‡i Kx 1006. wg_¨v my‡Li Kíbv Ki‡j Kx ev‡o? K mvnm L msMÖvg o AvZ¥wek¦vm N m¼í
mvR‡Z e‡j‡Qb? K myL o `ytL M Avb›` N m¤ú`  DÏxcKwU c‡o 1015 I 1016bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
K êivMx L KZ©v M †bZv o msmvix 1007. êiv‡Mï mv‡_ mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q ÒKuvUv †nwi ÿvšÍ †Kb Kgj Zzwj‡Z
992. ÔRxeb-m½xZÕ KweZvq Kwe mnvq m¤ú`‡K K Av‡jg‡ì L g~L©‡ì `ytL webv myL jvf nq wK gnx‡Z?Ó
e‡j‡Qb o evDj‡ì N wkíx‡ì 1015. DÏxcKwU †Zvgvi cvV¨cy¯Í‡Ki †Kvb iPbvi cÖZxK?
K g~jëvb L wPi¯’vqx 1008. ÔRxeb-m½xZÕ KweZv‡K mg_©b K‡i †Kvb kãwU? K †`bvcvIbv L wbgMvQ
o ÿwY‡Ki N cÖ‡qvRbxq e¯‘ K Av`k©ev` o Kg©wbôZv M Avgvi mšÍvb o Rxeb-m½xZ
993. †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq Avqy‡K †KvbwUi mv‡_ M ewjôZv N cikÖxKvZiZv 1016. DÏxc‡Ki m‡½ ÔRxeb-m½xZÕ KweZvi wgj
Zzjbv K‡i‡Qb? [Aby. 1] cvIqv hvq
K b`xi Rj L cyKz‡ii Rj
i. msmvi-mgiv½b
o ˆkev‡ji bxi N dwUK Rj 1009. Rxe‡b my‡Li Avkv bv Kivi KviY ii. msmvi-mgiv½‡b `„pc‡Y hy× Ki‡Z n‡e
994. Kwe Ômsmvi mgiv½bÕ ej‡Z Kx eywS‡q‡Qb? [Aby. 2] i. Zv Rxe‡b `yt‡Li duvm n‡q †`Lv †`q iii. msmvi-mgiv½‡bi hy‡× fxZ nIqv hv‡e bv
K hy×‡ÿÎ‡K o Rxebhy×‡K ii. gvbeRxe‡bi D‡Ïk¨ Zv bq wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M cÖwZ‡iva hy×‡K N Aw¯ÍZ¡‡K iii. my‡Li Avkv Ki‡j cÖPzi cwikÖg Ki‡Z nq Ki L ii M iii o i, ii I iii
KweZv 04 RyZv-AvweÓ•vi  iex±`Êbv^ VvKzi

cvVëB we‡kølY 1019. wek¦Kwe iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii wcZvi bvg Kx? 1022. Gkxq‡ì g‡a¨ mvwn‡Z¨ me©cÖ_g †bv‡ej
K wcÖÝ ØviKvbv_ VvKzi cyi¯‹vi cvb †K?
mvaviY eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi o gnwl© †`‡e›`ªbv_ VvKzi K †KbRvey‡iv I‡q o iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi
M Aebx›`ªbv_ VvKzi M bvwMe gvndzR N Ainvb cvgyK
Kwe cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 205 N my‡i›`ªbv_ VvKzi 1023. ÒwZwb GKvav‡i mvwnwZ¨K, `vk©wbK I
1017. iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi KZ wLªóv‡ã Rš§MÖnY K‡ib? 1020. iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi KZ mv‡j †bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi jvf wkÿvwe`|Ó  Dw³wU Kvi m¤ú‡K© cÖ‡hvR¨?
K 1951 wLªóv‡ã o 1861 wLªóv‡ã K‡ib? [Aby-1] K cÖg_ †PŠayix o iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi
M 1971 wLªóv‡ã N 1881 wLªóv‡ã K 1861 o 1913 M ew¼gP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq N gyn¤§` knx`yjøvn
1018. iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii Kve¨MÖš’ †Kvb¸‡jv? M 1914 N 1941 1024. iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi m¤ú‡K© h_vh_ Dw³ †KvbwU?
K gvbmx, †mvbvi Zix, wPÎv, wemR©b 1021. iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi †Kvb Kv‡eï Rb¨ †bv‡ej K wZwb 7B AvM÷ Rš§MÖnY K‡ib
L ÿwYKv, ejvKv, cybð, †k‡li KweZv cyi¯‹vi cvb? o wZwbB GKgvÎ †bv‡ej weRqx evOvwj Kwe
M i³Kiex, †Pv‡Li evwj, Kíbv, wPÎv K ÿwYKv L gvbmx M Zuvi wcZvi bvg wcÖÝ ØviKvbv_ VvKzi
o wPÎv, Kíbv, †mvbvi Zix, gvbmx M †mvbvi Zix o MxZvÄwj N wZwb kvwšÍwb‡KZ‡b †kl wbk¦vm Z¨vM K‡ib
1025. wemR©b I i³Kiexi g‡a¨ wgj wK‡m? 1046. aiv †_‡K gvwU †M‡j Kx n‡e bv? 1069. ivRvi PiY XvK‡j Avi Kx XvK‡Z n‡e bv?
o `ywUB iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii bvUK K Ni L e„wó o km¨ N bwm¨ K ivRìevi o aiwY
L `ywUB iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii Dcb¨vm 1047. mevB wg‡j hyw³ K‡i Kx wKbj? M ivRevwo N c_-NvU
M Avw½K wfbœ n‡jI `ywUi welqe¯‘ Awfbœ K cvwbi Kj L Pvgov M RyZv o SuvUv 1070. Pvgv‡ii K_vq m‡›`n cÖKvk K‡ib †K?
N `ywUB cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q iex›`ªbv‡_i g„Zzï c‡i 1048. wK‡mi †Pv‡U c‡_i ayjv G‡m ivRvi gyL-eyK o ivRv ney L gš¿x †Mvey
1026. iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii m‡½ 7 †g I 7 AvM÷ fwi‡q w`j? M WvOvi cÖvYx N iv‡Rï †jvK
Kxfv‡e m¤úwK©Z? K iv‡Mi L ayjvi o Suv‡Ui N Av‡jvi 1071. Kwnj ivRv, ÔGZ wK n‡e wm‡a! G ev‡K¨
o Rš§ I g„Zz¨‡Z L Rš§ I weev‡n 1049. Kx Kvi‡Y mevB †PvL †gj‡Z cv‡iwb? ivRvi Kx cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q?
M g„Zz¨ I †bv‡ej cÖvwß‡Z o ayjvi L Av‡jvi K ivM L †ÿvf M Ae‡njv o mskq
N †bv‡ej I Rwg`vwi cË‡b M †PvL R¡vjvi N f‡qi 1072. gš¿x Kv‡K k~‡j we× K‡i ivL‡Z Av‡`k †`q?
K cwÐZ‡K L hš¿x‡K
1027. iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi KZ wLªóv‡ã g„ZyëiY K‡ib? 1050. ayjvi †g‡N †KvbwU XvKv c‡o?
o Pvgvi-KzjcwZ‡K N ivwb‡K
o 1941 wLªóv‡ã L 1938 wLªóv‡ã K ivRìevi o m~h© M P›`ª N evMvb
M 1940 wLªóv‡ã N 1942 wLªóv‡ã 1051. ayjvi gv‡S †KvbwU En¨ nq? 1073. ivRvi cv wK‡mi Avei‡Y XvKv n‡jv?
K Kvc‡oi o Pvgovi
1028. iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi †kl wbk¦vm Z¨vM K‡ib K ivRv L ìevi o bMi N ivRevwo
M gvwUi N Qvj-evK‡ji
o KjKvZvq L kvwšÍ wb‡KZ‡b 1052. ÔKwi‡Z ayjv `~iÕ Gi c‡ii PiY †KvbwU? 1074. K‡e †_‡K RyZv civi cÖPjb ïiæ nq?
M Dwol¨vq N weª‡U‡b o RMr n‡jv ayjvq ficyi K †hw`b ayjv SuvU †Ìqv nq
L ayjvi gv‡S bMi n‡jv Dn¨ L †hw`b ivRv e³e¨ †`b
g~jcvVcvVëB; c„ôv 208-211 M ayjvi gv‡S cwoj XvKv m~h© o †hw`b Pg© Avei‡Y ivRvi cv †X‡K †Ìqv nq
1029. ney †K? N fwi‡q w`j ivRvi gyL eÿ N aiwY †hw`b ayjvc~Y© wQj
o ivRv L gš¿x M cwÐZ N Pg©Kvi 1053. GKzk jvL wfw¯Í wb‡q †jvK QyUj †Kb?
1030. ivRv ney Kv‡K †W‡K cv‡q ayjv jvMvi K_v e‡jb? K ivRvi wccvmv †gUv‡Z
o †Mveyivq‡K L ieyivq‡K L ivRvi gš¿xi Rb¨ 1075. ÔgvwnbvÕ k‡ãi A_© Kx?
M gbyivq‡K N cwÐZ‡K o ivR¨ †_‡K ayjv `~i Ki‡Z K gvm o †eZb M gqbv N wb‡la
1031. †Kv_vq PiY †djv gvÎ gwjb ayjv jvM‡e? N ivwbi †Mvm‡ji Rb¨ 1076. cvwb en‡bi Rb¨ Pvgovi ˆZwii _wj‡K Kx e‡j?
K N‡ii gv‡S o aiwY gv‡S 1054. cyKz‡i ïay cuvK c‡o _vKj †Kb? o wfw¯Í L wKw¯Í M divm N iÜª
M iv¯Ívi gv‡S N iv‡Rï gv‡S
o me cvwb iv‡Rï †jvK wb‡q hvq e‡j
1077. ÔgnxÕ k‡ãi A_© †KvbwU?
1032. Kvi Dci KviI †Kv‡bv `„wó †bB? o aiwY L gnvb M eo N bvg
L me cvwb ïwK‡q hvq e‡j
o ivRvi L RbM‡Yi M gš¿xi N 1078. ÔPvgviÕ A_© Kx?
M me cvwb gvbyl †L‡q †d‡j e‡j
†mbvcwZi K dz‡Uv L Dchy³ o gywP N gv`yi
N ˆPÎ gvm e‡j
1033. ÔAvgvi gvwU jvMvq †gv‡i gvwUÕ GLv‡b 1055. wK‡m †`kUv DRvo n‡jv? cvV cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 211
ÔAvgvi gvwUÕ ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? K K‡jivq L em‡šÍ 1079. ÔRyZv Avwe®‹viÕ KweZvwU iex›`ªbv_ VvKz‡ii
K †Kbv gvwU L cvIqv gvwU
o mw`©R¡‡i N cvwb‡Z †Kvb Kve¨MÖš’ †_‡K msKwjZ?
o iv‡Rï gvwU N m¤úwË
1056. Òayjv‡i gvwi Kwiqv w`j Kv`vÓ Dw³wU Kvi? o Kíbv L wPÎv M ejvKv N †muRywZ
1034. ivRvi K_v ï‡b †K †f‡e †f‡e Lyb n‡jv? 1080. ÔRyZv-Avwe®‹viÕ KweZvi g~j DcRxe¨ Kx?
o neyi L †Mveyi M Pvgv‡iiN †jv‡Ki
K ney o †Mvey M êÁvwbK N cwÐZ
1057. Ôewmj cybt h‡ZK ¸YešÍÕ GLv‡b Ô¸YešÍÕ Kviv K ivRvi evnv`ywi L gš¿x‡ì †evKvwg
1035. `viæY-Îv‡m Mv‡Î Kx e‡n? o ayjvevwj †_‡K ivRvi cv `y‡Uv gy³ ivLvi
K kxZ L fq o Nvg N R¡i K iv‡Rï gvbyl o Ávbx-¸Yx-mfvm`MY
M cwÐZ N Pvgvi
bvbv cÖm½
1036. K_v ï‡b Kvi gyL Pzb n‡jv? N c„w_ex‡K ayjvevwj †_‡K iÿv Kivi wewfbœ Dcvq
K †Mveyi L neyi M Pvgv‡ii o cwÐ‡Zi 1058. c„w_ex Kx w`‡q XvK‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q?
1081. ivRv Kv‡K ivR¨ †_‡K ayjvevwj `~i Kivi wb‡`©k †`b?
1037. cwÐ‡Zi gyL Pzb n‡qwQj †Kb? [Aby-2] K Pvì o gv`yi M kvwgqvbv N Kvco
K cwÐZ‡K o gš¿x‡K M Pvgvi‡K N ivwb‡K
K g„Zzï f‡q fxZ nIqvq 1059. ayjv †_‡K euvP‡Z ivRv‡K †Kv_vq ivLvi K_v 1082. ivRvi c`hyMj Pvgov w`‡q †X‡K †`q †K?
o KiYxq Luy‡R bv cvIqvq ejv n‡q‡Q? K gš¿x L hš¿x o Pvgvi N cwÐZ
M `vwq‡Z¡ Ae‡njv Kivq N gš¿xi Av‡`k ï‡b K ivRìev‡i L KvivMv‡i
1038. ivRvi gš¿x-cvÎ‡ì iv‡Z Kx †bB? o N‡i N Qv‡` eûc`x mgvwßm~PK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
K LvIqv o Nyg M wPšÍv N fq 1060. gvwUi f‡q Kx gvwU n‡e? 1083. Avgvi gvwU jvMvq †gv‡i gvwU GLv‡b ÔAvgvi
1039. evwoi g‡a¨ KvbœvKvwU c‡o hvIqvi KviY Kx? K ivRv o ivR¨ M cwil` N cwÐZiv gvwUÕ †h A_© cÖKvk K‡i Zv n‡jv
o ivRvi Av‡`k cvj‡bi DcvqšÍi Luy‡R bv cvIqv 1061. ivR¨ Pvgovq †gvov‡Z mevB Kv‡K Wv‡K? i. ivRvi ivR¨
L gvbyl gviv hvIqv K gš¿x‡K L ivRv‡K o Pvgvi‡K N cwÐZ‡K ii. iv‡Rï mKj gvwUi AwaKvix ivRv wb‡R
M iv‡R¨ fqven hy× jvMv 1062. Pg© w`‡q c„w_ex gywo‡q †Ìqvi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q †Kb? iii. iv‡Rï me gvwUi gvwjK ivRv
N wkï I cyiæl‡ì nZ¨v Kiv K ivRvi AmyL mviv‡Z wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
1040. AkÖæR‡j cvKv `vwo fv‡m Kvi? o ivR¨ †_‡K ayjv Zvov‡Z K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii o i, ii I iii
K ivRvi o gš¿xi M cvÎ‡ì N Pvgv‡ii M my›ì †`Lv‡Z N gnvKxwZ©i Rb¨ 1084. cwÐ‡Zi m‡½ gš¿xi mv`„k¨ n‡jv
1041. hw` bv ayjv jvwM‡e Ze cv‡q, cv‡qi ayjv cvBe 1063. a~wji gnx wK‡mi g‡a¨ XvK‡j ivRvi gnvKxwZ©? i. Df‡qB ivRv neyi iv‡R¨ evm K‡i
Kx Dcv‡q! GLv‡b ÔZeÕ ej‡Z Kv‡K ii. Df‡qB ivRvi cwil‡ì m`m¨
K P‡g©i g‡a¨ o Szwji
†evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? iii. Df‡qB eyw×nxb
M _‡ji N Pv`‡i
o ivRv‡K L gš¿x‡K wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
1064. Kv‡K †c‡j a~wji gnx Pvgov w`‡q †X‡K ivLv hv‡e? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii o i, ii I iii
M mfvm`MY‡K N cwÐZ‡K
K Kvgvi‡K L Kzgvi‡K
1042. ivRv †f‡e †KvbwU Av‡M we`vq Ki‡Z ej‡jb? 1085. R‡ji Rxe Rj webv g‡i †Mj KviY
o Pvgvi‡K N KvVz‡i‡K
o ayjv L cvwb i. R‡j wel wQj
M dUK `yqvi N R‡ji Rxe
1065. Pvgvi LuyR‡Z †K Gw`K †mw`K Qy‡U †eovq? ii. me Rj ayjv †avqvi Rb¨ wb‡q hvIqv n‡q‡Q
1043. hZœf‡i gš¿x Kx wb‡q Av‡mb? K gš¿x L ney o Pi N cvÎiv iii. b`x, we‡j cyKz‡i Rj wQj bv
K bwm¨ L Lv`¨ 1066. Pvgvi KzjcwZ eq‡m †Kgb? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
o Ávbx-¸Yx N eÜy‡ì K ZiæY L hyeK M wK‡kvi o e„× K i I ii L i I iii o ii I iii N i, ii I iii
1044. †`k-we‡`k †_‡K gš¿x Kv‡ì Av‡bb? 1067. ewj‡Z cvwi Kwi‡j AbygwZ G ev‡Kï ga¨ 1086. gvwUi f‡q ivR¨ n‡e gvwU, KviY
K gš¿x‡ì L wkÿK‡ì w`‡q Pvgvi KzjcwZi Kx cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q? i. ivRv Ave× N‡i _vK‡eb
M iuvaywb‡ì o hš¿x‡ì K `ÿZv o webq M B”Qv N eyw× ii. ivRv evB‡i †ei n‡q ivRKvh© †`L‡Z cvi‡eb bv
1045. mevB Kxfv‡e emj? 1068. Pvgvi G‡m Kx XvKvi K_v e‡jb? iii. gš¿xiv me `Lj K‡i †b‡e
o †Pv‡L Pkgv Gu‡U L gyL eÜ K‡i o ivRvi PiY L c„w_ex wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M Kvb eÜ K‡i N jywK‡q M ivRìevi N ivRevwo o i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
1087. Pvgvi-KzjcwZ Clr nv‡mb KviY †K‡U †b‡e| †kl ch©šÍ e¨_©Zvi my‡hv‡M 1091. mv`„‡kï KviY
i. wZwb mgm¨vi mgvavb †ei Ki‡Z †c‡iwQ‡jb kvBjK Av`vj‡Z hvq| Amnvq †eva K‡i i. ivRvi AvR¸we wPšÍvfvebv
ii. wZwb eyw×gvb wQ‡jb evmvwbI| Ggb mgq GK ZiæY DwKj e‡jb, ii. ivRvi wb‡`©k
iii. wZwb wg_¨v e‡jwQ‡jb kvBjK wVK GK cvDÛ gvsm KvU‡Z cvi‡eb iii. cÖRv‡ì `yie¯’v
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? Kg‡ewk bq Ges k‡Z© D‡jøL bv _vKvq †Kv‡bv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
o i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii i³ Siv‡Z cvi‡e bv| [Aby-3] K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii o i, ii I iii
1088. Avgv‡iv wQj g‡b/ †Kg‡b †eUv †c‡i‡Q †mUv 1089. DÏxc‡Ki ZiæY DwK‡ji mv‡_ ÔRyZv-Avwe®‹viÕ  DÏxcKwU c‡o 1092 I 1093bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
Rvb‡Z gš¿xi K_vi ga¨ w`‡q †h êwkó¨ KweZvi †h Pwi‡Îi mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q Zv n‡jv ˆPÎ gv‡m Bgivb‡ì MÖv‡g Lvevi cvwbi Lye
cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q K ney L †Mvey Afve nq| MÖv‡gi †gvoj I gvZeŸi hviv
i. wg_¨vPvi M cwÐZ o Pvgvi Av‡Qb Zviv †KD †Kv‡bvfv‡eB G mgm¨vi
ii. ¯^v_©ciZv  DÏxcKwU c‡o 1090 I 1091bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : †Kv‡bv mgvavb †ei Ki‡Z cv‡ib bv| †k‡l
iii. PZziZv neyP›`ª ivRv e‡jb MeyP‡›`ª †W‡K Bgivb e‡j, Avgiv el©vKv‡j K‚c Lbb K‡i
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? ÒAvBb Rvix K‡i wÌ iv‡R¨‡Z AvR †_‡K, cvwb msiÿY Ki‡Z cvwi|
K i I ii o i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii †gvi iv‡Rï wfZi 1092. DÏxc‡Ki Bgiv‡bi m‡½ ÔRyZv-Avwe®‹viÕ
†nvK abx, †nvK& bv Mixe, f`ª wKsev BZi, KweZvi Kvi mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q?
Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi Kuv`‡Z †Kn cvi‡e bvK, mevB giæK †kv‡K
K cwÐ‡Zi L gš¿xi
 DÏxcKwU c‡o 1886 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : M ivRvi o Pvgvi-KzjcwZi
gi‡Z hw` nq KL‡bv, gi‡Z n‡e †n‡m
eÜy Gw›UwbIi Rb¨ Rvwgb n‡q evmvwbI [neyP‡›`ªi AvBb mywbg©j emy]
1093. mv`„‡kï KviY `yR‡bB
my`‡Lvi kvBj‡Ki KvQ †_‡K †gvUv A‡¼i UvKv i. eyw×gvb ii. †QvU
1090. DÏxcKwUi m‡½ †Zvgvi cwVZ †Kvb KweZvi
avi Av‡b| G mgq k‡Z© D‡jøL _v‡K †h, iii. mgm¨vi mgvavb mÜvb K‡i
mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q?
wbw`©ó mg‡qi g‡a¨ D³ UvKv †diZ `v‡b e¨_© K Rxeb wewbgq o RyZv-Avwe®‹vi
n‡j kvBjK evmvwbIi ey‡Ki GK cvDÛ gvsm K i I ii o i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M Avkv N e„wó
KweZv 05 SY©vi Mvb  m‡Z¨›`ªbv_ `Ë

cvVëB we‡kølY 1106. weRb †`‡k Kx †bB? 1121. ÔSY©vi MvbÕ KweZvq cvZKzqvq †h‡Z ejv
K MvQcvjv L cï-cvwL M gvbyl o K‚Rb n‡q‡Q Kv‡K?
mvaviY eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 1107. Sibv wK‡m Zvj evRvq? K hvi my›`‡ii Z…òv Av‡Q
K cvZvq L cvnv‡o M Sibvq o cv‡q L hvi KÉ‡Z Z…òv Av‡Q
Kwe cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 216 1108. Sibv Kxfv‡e Mvq? o hvi Rj †muPvi MiR Av‡Q
1094. Kwe m‡Z¨›`ªbv_ `Ë KZ mv‡j Rš§MÖnY K‡ib? K mvZRb wg‡j L cuvPRb wg‡j N hvi A‡½ Nvg Av‡Q
K 1880 L 1881 o 1882 N 1883 M wZbRb wg‡j o GKjv 1122. nuvK‡Q †K, GLv‡b Sibv Kv‡K cÖkœ K‡i‡Q?
1095. AÿqKzgvi `Ë †Kvb cwÎKvi m¤úv`K wQ‡jb? 1109. ÔGKjv MvB GKjv avB o dwUKRj‡K L cwi‡K
K msev` cÖfvKi L msev` †KŠgy`x wèm ivZ, muvS mKvj|Õ G-e³‡e¨ SY©vi †Kvb M kvwjK‡K N ïK‡K
M K‡jøvj o ZË¡‡evwabx iƒcwU dz‡U I‡V? [Aby. 2] 1123. dwUKR‡ji Kx n‡q‡Q?
1096. AÿqKzgvi `Ë †Kvb kZ‡Ki cÖvewÜK wQ‡jb? K Q›`gq L g‡bvni o Qy‡U Pjv N k¼vnxb K cv †f‡O‡Q L gb Lvivc
K AvVv‡iv kZ‡Ki o Dwbk kZ‡Ki 1110. Szg-cvnvo †Kgb K‡i Av‡Q? M ÿzav †c‡q‡Q o Z…òv †c‡q‡Q
M wek kZ‡Ki N m‡Z‡iv kZ‡Ki o Nvo SzuwK‡q L Nvo DuwP‡q 1124. wK‡mi cv‡b Sibv avq?
1097. m‡Z¨›`ªbv_ `Ë Ab~w`Z Kve¨MÖš’ †KvbwU? M ivM K‡i N nvwmgyL n‡q K cvnv‡oi L b`xi
K mweZv L mwÜÿY 1111. Szg cvnv‡oi †PvL cvKv‡bv †`‡L Sibv Kx K‡i? o my›`‡ii N e‡bi
o Zx_©‡iYy N †nvgwkLv K cvwj‡q hvq L fq cvq 1125. ÔSY©vi MvbÕ KweZvq †Kvb Drm‡ei K_v D‡jøL Av‡Q?
1098. m‡Z¨›`ªbv_ `‡Ëi Kve¨MÖš’ n‡jv o bv‡Pi Drme L Mv‡bi Drme
o mvg‡b GwM‡q P‡j N w¯’i _v‡K
K †ejv-A‡ejv o we`vq AviZx M cÖv‡Yi Drme N bev‡bœi Drme
1112. Kvi cv‡q b~cyi?
M wmÜy wn‡›`vj N a~mi c„w_ex K cixi L Szg-cvnv‡oi
1126. ÔSY©vi MvbÕ KweZvq ÔweRb †`kÕ ej‡Z Kx
1099. †jL‡Ki w`K †_‡K ÔmweZvÕ MÖ‡š’i mv‡_ †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q?
o UMi dz‡ji N eyjeywji
K _g_‡g †`k o Rbk~b¨ †`k
mv`„k¨c~Y© MÖš’ †KvbwU? 1113. ÔSY©vi MvbÕ KweZvq Kvi nvi UzUj? M †jvKvjqc~Y© †`k N kw¼Z †`k
o Aå Avexi L fvOvi Mvb K Sibvi L Kwei o cwii N UM‡ii
M †`vjbPuvcv N cÎcyU 1114. Sibv Kxfv‡e c_ P‡j? kãv_© I UxKvcvVëB; c„ôv 217
K PzcPvc L f‡q f‡q 1127. Ôwe‡fvjÕ k‡ãi A_© †KvbwU?
g~jcvVcvVëB; c„ôv 216
M gb Lvivc K‡i o wLjwLwj‡q o A‡PZb L fq M Dš§v`bv N cÖvYnxb
1100. †K Pcj cv‡q avq? 1115. Kvjmv‡ii `j wK‡mi is a‡i? 1128. ÔïKÕ A_© Kx?
K m‡Z¨›`ªbv_ `Ë L cvnvo K Wv‡ji L wPwbi M gayi o WvjwPwbi o wU‡q cvwL L PvZK cvwL
o Sibv N cwi 1116. bvwo‡q hvq evwo‡q hvq †K? M P‡Kvi N kvwjK
1101. Sibvi cÖvY †Kgb? o Sibv L cwi M Kvjmvi N eyjeywj 1129. ÔgLgjÕ k‡ãi mwVK A_© †KvbwU?
o we‡fvj L wb‡¯ÍR M Aw¯’i N PÂj 1117. Sibvi kixi Sjgj Ki‡Q †Kb? o †Kvgj I wgwn Kvco L †gvUv Kvco
1102. Ôwkw_jÕ kãwU Øviv Kx †evSvq? o Rwii j¤^v I wXjv †cvkv‡K M j¤^v I wX‡jXvjv †cvkvK
o AembœZv L welYœZv L Mv‡q is †g‡L‡Q e‡j N gqjv Kvco
M kxZjZv N PÂjZv M Mv‡q m~‡h©i Av‡jv c‡o‡Q e‡j 1130. ÔAvsivLvÕ k‡ãi A_© Kx?
1103. Sibv wkjvi Dci Kx iv‡L? N R‡ji †dbvi Kvi‡Y o j¤^v I wX‡jXvjv †cvkvK L PvZK cvwL
M cvnv‡oi bvg N Sibvi bvg
K Rvgv L KweZvi eB 1118. ÔcvZKzqvÕ n‡jv
o cv N †PvL
1131. ÔP‡KviÕ k‡ãi A_© Kx?
K eo Kzqv o †QvU Kzqv
o cvwLwe‡kl L dzjwe‡kl
1104. `ycyi-†fv‡i c‡_i Ae¯’v †Kgb? M gvSvwi Kzqv N Mfxi Kzqv
M Sibvi bvg N Mv‡Qi bvg
o wSgv‡bv L PÂj 1119. Sibv `yj †`vjv‡q †fvjvq
M KL‡bv bxie KL‡bv mie N mie K Z…òv L †PvL o gb N †cÖg cvV cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 218
1105. `ycyi-†fvi SY©v Kvi Mvb ïb‡Z cvq? [Aby.-1] 1120. Sibv KLb wSuwSui WvK †kv‡b? 1132. PÂj cv cyjwKZ MwZ Kvi?
o wSuwSui L cixi K `ycyi-†fv‡i o muvS-mKv‡j o Sibvi L Kwei
M eyjeywji N kvwj‡Ki M wèm-iv‡Z N ivZ-`ycy‡i M kvwj‡Ki N dwUKR‡ji
1133. Avb‡›ì c`wPý wK‡m? 1139. m‡Z¨›`ªbv_ `Ë‡K ÔQ‡›ì ivRvÕ ejv nq 1142. DÏxcK I ÔSY©vi MvbÕ KweZvq Kx dz‡U D‡V‡Q?
o cv_‡ii ey‡K L cvnv‡oi ey‡K i. Q›` wbg©v‡Yi Rb¨ K cvnv‡oi †mŠ›`h© o Sibvi †mŠ›`h©
M e‡bi g‡a¨ N e„ÿkv‡L ii. Q›` cÖeZ©‡bi Rb¨ M cvwLi †mŠ›`h© N Sibvi wb›`v
1134. KLb cvwLi WvK †kvbv hvq bv? iii. Q‡›` KweZv †jLvi Rb¨ 1143. DÏxc‡Ki Sibv I ÔSY©vi MvbÕ KweZvi Sibvi
K †fv‡i L mKv‡j o `ycy‡i N weKv‡j wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? Pjvi MwZ
1135. cvnvo Kxfv‡e fq †`Lvq? o i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii i. PÂj ii. axi
o Nvo Nywi‡q L gy‡Lvk c‡i iii. †_‡g †_‡g
M iv‡Zi AÜKv‡i N Auvavi †V‡j Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
1136. cvnvo †hb ˆ`‡Zï g‡Zv Nvo Nywi‡q fq †`Lvq  DÏxcKwU c‡o 1140 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : oi L ii M i I ii N iii
GB ev‡K¨ †Kvb AjsKvi eën„Z n‡q‡Q? bvwi›`vi e„ÿ‡cÖgx ejivg M‡o †Zv‡jb nvRvi  DÏxcKwU c‡o 1144 I 1145bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
o Dcgv L Dr‡cÖÿv M hgK N †køl iK‡gi e„‡ÿi mgv‡iv‡n GKUv D`¨vb hv ejav SY©v! SY©v! my›ìx SY©v!
Mv‡W©b bv‡g cwiwPZ| wbQK Avb›` Dc‡fv‡Mi ZiwjZ Pw›`ªKv| P›`b eY©v
eûc`x mgvwßm~PK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi Rb¨B Zuvi G D‡`¨vM| A‡b‡KB †mLv‡b GLb AÂj wmwÂZ †MŠwiK ¯^‡Y©,
1137. m‡Z¨›`ªbv_ `Ë cÖwZw`b cÖPzi mgq e¨q Ki‡Zb †flR Jl‡ai DcKiY LuyR‡Qb| [Aby.-3] wMwi gwjøKv †`v‡j KzšÍ‡j K‡Y©,
i. Aa¨qb K‡i 1140. DÏxc‡Ki ejiv‡gi mv‡_ ÔSY©vi MvbÕ KweZvq Zby fwi Ô†hŠebÕ Zvcmx AcY©v|
ii. Dcvmbv K‡i Kvi mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q SY©v!
iii. Kve¨PP©v K‡i K PvZ‡Ki L SY©vi 1144. DÏxcKwU †Zvgvi cvVëB‡qi †Kvb KweZvi K_v
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M eb-SvD‡qi o dwUK R‡ji g‡b Kwi‡q †`q?
K i I ii o i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii  DÏxcKwU c‡o 1141 †_‡K 1142bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : o SY©vi Mvb L AÜea~
1138. Pxbv, Rvcvwb, Bs‡iwR QvovI m‡Z¨›`ªbv_ `Ë wm‡j‡Ui †gŠjfxevRv‡i Sibv †`L‡Z M gvbyl N cÖvY
AviI †h fvlvi iPbv evsjvq Abyev` K‡ib wM‡qwQjvg| Aweij avivq Sibvi cvwb covi 1145. D³ KweZvi †h w`KwU DÏxc‡K cÖwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q
i. j¨vwUb `„k¨ Avgv‡K gy» K‡iwQj| myD”P cvnvo †_‡K i. †mŠ›`h© eY©bv
ii. Aviwe A‡Sv‡i Si‡Q Sibv| ii. PÂjZv
iii. dviwm 1141. DÏxc‡Ki wel‡qi m‡½ ÔSY©vi MvbÕ KweZvi iii. MwZgqZv
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? wel‡qi mv`„k¨ †Kv_vq? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K i I ii L i I iii o ii I iii N i, ii I iii o Sibv L dzj M cvwL N Kvjmvi oi L ii M i I ii N i, ii I iii
KweZv 06 gvbyl  KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg

cvVëB we‡kølY 1154. ÔivRe›`xi Revbe›`xÕ n‡jv KvRx bRiæj 1166. gw›`‡ii ìRv Ly‡j c~Rvwi Kv‡K †`L‡Z †cj?
Bmjvg iwPZ K †èZv‡K o cw_K‡K
mvaviY eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi K Kve¨MÖš’ L MíMÖš’ M gv‡K N ¯¿x‡K
Kwe cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 227 o cÖeÜMÖš’ N Dcb¨vm 1167. ÔRxY©-e¯¿ kxY©-MvÎ, ÿzavq KÉ ÿxYÕ GLv‡b
1155. KZ mv‡j KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg g„ZzëiY K‡ib? Kvi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q?
1146. KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg KZ mv‡j Rš§MÖnY K‡ib? K 1972 L 1974 o 1976 N 1978 o ÿzavi VvKzi L †èZv
K 1897 o 1899 M 1901 N 1903 M c~Rvwi N †Pw½m
1156. KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg g„ZzëiY K‡ib
1147. KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg Rš§MÖnY K‡ib K KjKvZvq o XvKvq 1168. ÔØvi †Lv‡jv evev LvBwb †Zv mvZ w`bÕ G Dw³wU Kvi?
o ea©gvb †Rjvq L gqgbwmsn †Rjvq M ea©gv‡b N Pziæwjqvq o cw_‡Ki L c~Rvwii M †gvjøvi N Kwei
M Kzwgjøv †Rjvq N exif‚g †Rjvq 1169. gw›`‡ii ìRv eÜ K‡iwQj †K?
1148. KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg †jLvcov K‡ib g~jcvVcvVëB; c„ôv 230 K `v‡ivqvb o c~Rvwi
K KjKvZv Bmjvwgqv ¯‹z‡j 1157. Kwe Kvi RqMvb †M‡q‡Qb? [Aby. 1] M VvKzi N cywjk
o `wiivgcyi nvB ¯‹z‡j K gvby‡li o mv‡gï 1170. gw›ì eÜ n‡j fzLvwi Kx K‡i?
M DwRicyi nvB ¯‹z‡j M kÖwg‡Ki N Zviæ‡Yï K ivMvivwM K‡i
1158. ÔgvbylÕ KweZvq Kwei g‡Z gnxqvb n‡jv L †jvKRb †W‡K wb‡q Av‡m
N ea©gvb nvB ¯‹z‡j
K cvnvo L mgy`ª M ag© o gvbyl M ìRvq av°v w`‡Z _v‡K
1149. ˆR¨ô gv‡mi KZ Zvwi‡L KvRx bRiæj Rš§MÖnY K‡ib?
1159. ÔA‡f`Õ k‡ãi A_© Kx? o P‡j hvq
K9 L 10 o 11 N 13
K †f` L cv_©K¨ o GKB N we‡eK
1171. fzLvwi gw›ì †_‡K †Kvb mgq wd‡i hvq?
1150. KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg‡K ejv nq K mKv‡j L `ycy‡i M weKv‡j o iv‡Z
K hy‡×i Kwe L Zviæ‡Yï Kwe
1160. Ôc~RvwiÕ k‡ãi A_© †KvbwU?
K hv‡K c~Rv Kiv nq L †èZv
1172. ÔH gw›ì c~Rvixi, nvq †èZv, †Zvgvi bq|Õ G
o we‡`ªvnx Kwe N RvMi‡Yi Kwe e³‡e¨ fzLvwii †Kvb g‡bvfve cÖKvk cvq? [Aby. 2]
o c~RvKvix N Amy¯’ e¨w³
1151. Kv‡K evsjv‡`‡ki RvZxq Kwei gh©v`vq f‚wlZ K cÖwZev`x L AmnvqZ¡ o dwiqv` N †ÿvf
1161. c~Rvwi‡K wK‡mi `yqvi †Lvjvi Rb¨ ejv n‡q‡Q?
Kiv nq? 1173. mg¯Í c_ fzLvwii †Kgb †j‡M‡Q?
K gmwR‡ì
K iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi‡K K gv_v Ny‡i‡Q L †cU e¨_v K‡i‡Q
o gw›`‡ii
o KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg‡K o ÿzavq †cU R¡‡j‡Q N ewg ewg †j‡M‡Q
M c~Rvwii wb‡Ri evwoi
M RmxgD`&`xb‡K 1174. fzLvwi wPrKvi K‡i Kx e‡j?
N c¨v‡MvWvi
N kvgmyi ivngvb‡K o IB gw›ì †èZvi bq L Ck¦i wePvi Ki c~Rvwii
1162. gw›`‡ii `yqv‡i †K ùvwo‡q Av‡Q? M Avgvi ÿzav †c‡q‡Q N Avwg Avevi Avme
1152. KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg‡K wW-wjU Dcvwa cÖ`vb K †Pw½m L gvgy`
K‡i †Kvb wek¦we`¨vjq? 1175. gmwR‡` Kvj  AvwQj| k~b¨¯’v‡b †KvbwU n‡e?
M Kvjvcvnvo o ÿzavi VvKzi
K KjKvZv wek¦we`¨vjq K Rygvi w`b L wgwó
1163. c~Rvwi Kx †`‡L‡Q? o wkiwb N A‡bK A_©
L ea©gvb wek¦we`¨vjq K †èZv L ÿzavi VvKzi
M hvècyi wek¦we`¨vjq o ¯^cb N Kvjvcvnvo
1176. ÔgvbylÕ KweZvq ewY©Z †gvjøvwU wQj
K cÖK…Z avwg©K o ¯^v_©ci
o XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq 1164. ivRv-UvRv kãwU n‡jv M `qvjy N c‡ivcKvix
1153. ÔAwMœexYvÕ Kve¨MÖ‡š’i †jLK †K? o mgv_©K kã‰ØZ L wecixZv_©K hyM¥kã
1177. AvwkUv eQ‡i fzLvwi gymvwdi Kx K‡iwb?
K iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi M cybive„wË kã‰ØZ N aŸb¨vZ¥K kã‰ØZ K KLbI wg_¨v K_v e‡jwb
o KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg 1165. c~Rvwi ¯^cœ †`‡L fRbvjq Lyj‡jb †Kb? L GK Iqv³ bvgvR KvRv K‡iwb
M Rxebvb›` `vk K c~Rvi mgq nIqvq L cw_‡Ki Wv‡K M KviI Mv‡q nvZ †Zv‡jwb
N ey×‡è emy o ¯^v_© nvwm‡ji Rb¨ N cÖv_©bv Kivi Rb¨ o †Lv`v‡K Wv‡Kwb
1178. †Pw½m, MRwb gvgy`, Kvjvcvnvo n‡jb wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
o HwZnvwmK PwiÎ
eûc`x mgvwßm~PK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi Ki L ii Mi I ii oi I iii
L weL¨vZ `vk©wbK 1186. KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg Kjg a‡iwQ‡jb
M weL¨vZ †KŠZzK Awf‡bZv i. a‡g©i weiæ‡× Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
N weL¨vZ bvqK ii. civaxbZvi weiæ‡×  DÏxcKwU c‡o 1191bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
iii. mvgvwRK AwePv‡ii weiæ‡× mvgv` wgqv GKRb Av`g‡ecvwi| m¤úÖwZ wZwb
kãv_© I UxKvcvVëB; c„ôv 231 wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? MÖv‡g bvggvÎ A‡_© wewfbœ †`‡k D”P †eZ‡b
1179. ÔeiÕ k‡ãi A_© Kx? K i I ii L i I iii o ii I iii N i, ii I iii
o Avkxe©v` L Awfkvc M ¯^vgx N cÖksmv
†jvK cvVv‡bvi K_v e‡jb| Avw_©K Ae¯’vi
1187. msMxZ RM‡Z KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg‡K L¨vwZi cwieZ©‡bi Rb¨ A‡b‡KB wf‡UgvwU nvj-Miæ
1180. Ôÿzavi VvKziÕ kãwU Øviv Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? Avm‡b ewm‡q‡Q Zuvi
K whwb gvbyl‡K Abœ `vb K‡ib wewµ K‡i Zvi nv‡Z UvKv †`q| GKw`b †kvbv
i. MRj
o ÿzavZ© gvbyl‡K †èZv Ávb Kiv n‡q‡Q hvq mvgv` wgqv MÖvg †Q‡o cvwj‡q‡Qb| [Aby. 3]
ii. †Lqvj
M †ewk ÿzav cvq †h †èZvi 1191. DÏxc‡Ki mvgv` wgqvi mv‡_ ÔgvbylÕ KweZvi
iii. ivMcÖavb Mvb
N VvKzi‡K †fvM †Ìqv nqwb †Kvb Pwi‡Îi mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q
1181. Ôÿzavi gvwbK R¡‡jÕ Gi A_© Kx? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii o i, ii I iii K c~Rvix L f‚Lvix
o ÿzavZ© e¨w³i RVi R¡vjv A‡_© eën„Z n‡q‡Q
1188. Avw½‡Ki w`K †_‡K ÔivRe›`xi Revbe›`xÕ M †gvjøvmv‡ne N MRwb gvgy`
L ÿzavi fve nIqv
M ÿzavq †R‡M _vKe
MÖ‡š’i m‡½ mv`„k¨c~Y© MÖš’ n‡jv *[we.`ª. : mwVK DËi K I M|]
i. g„Z¨z ÿzav  DÏxcKwU c‡o 1192 I 1193bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
N ÿzavq †PvL R¡vjv Kiv
ii. hyMevYx Ò†K †Zvgvq e‡j eviv½bv gv, †K †`q _y_y IB Mv‡q,
1182. ÔVvKziÕ n‡jv iii. `yw`©‡bi hvÎx
o †èZv L gw›ì M †gvjøv N eªvþY nq‡Zv †Zvgvq ¯Íb¨ w`‡q‡Q mxZvmg mZx gv‡q|Ó
cvV cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 231 K i I ii L i I iii o ii I iii N i, ii I iii
1192. DÏxcK I ÔgvbylÕ KweZv Avgv‡ì †h wkÿv †`q
i gvbyl‡K N„Yv Ki‡Z †bB
1183. KvRx bRiæj Bmjv‡gi †Kvb Kve¨MÖš’ †_‡K ÔgvbylÕ 1189. ÔgvbylÕ KweZvq mvg¨ n‡”Q
i. gvby‡li ii. a‡g©i ii. gvby‡l gvby‡l cv_©K¨ _vKv AbywPZ
KweZvwU m¤úv`bv K‡i msKwjZ Kiv n‡q‡Q?
iii. cÖv_©bvj‡qi iii †gvjøv KL‡bv Lvivc nq bv
o mvgëv`x L me©nviv
M AwMœexYv N cÖjqwkLv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
1184. Kv‡ì †P‡q eo wKQy Avi n‡Z cv‡i bv? oi L ii M i I ii N i, ii I iii Ki L ii o i I ii N iii
o gvby‡li L Wv³v‡ii 1190. †èZvi e‡i ivRv nIqvi Avkvq ìRv Lyj‡jI cw_K‡K 1193. DÏxcK I ÔgvbylÕ KweZvi Av‡jv‡K ejv hvq
M bv‡m©i N gmwR‡ì †gvjøvi †`‡L eÜ K‡i †Ìqvi g‡a¨ cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q c~Rvwii o mewKQyi Dc‡i gvbyl‡KB †kÖô we‡ePbv Kiv DwPZ
1185. mevi †P‡q gvbyl eo G K_v †K e‡j? i. †jvf L cy‡ivwnZ‡ì †kÖô e‡j wePvi Kiv DwPZ
K gw›`‡ii cy‡ivwnZ L gmwR‡ì †gvjøv ii. gbyl¨Z¡ M †gvjøv‡ì †kÖô wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e
o ag© N mvaviY gvbyl iii. ¯^v_©ciZv N Mwie, Amnvq‡ì †kÖô ej‡Z n‡e
KweZv 07 †mBw`b GB gvV  Rxebvb›` `vk

cvVëB we‡kølY 1201. ÔAvwg †Zv g‡i hve, P‡j hve, †i‡L hve 1209. Kwe Kx Rv‡bb?
meBÕ Mv‡bi G cO&w³i mv‡_ mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q  wewPÎ weeZ©‡bi g‡aÏ cÖK…wZ Zuvi Avcb
mvaviY eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi †Kvb KweZvi? Aw¯ÍZ¡ nvwi‡q †dj‡e bv
K mvnmx Rbbx evsjv o †mBw`b GB gvV L gvbyl Agi nq Zvi K‡g©i ¸‡Y
Kwe cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 239
M Avgvi mšÍvb N Avwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bB M mevB fz‡j †M‡jI cÖK…wZ Kwe‡K g‡b ivL‡e
1194. Rxebvb›` `vk Kx Kwe wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ? 1202. jÿ¥x‡cuPvi mv‡_ †Kvb mg‡qi mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q? N Kwe P‡j †M‡j cÖK…wZ Zuvi Afve †eva
K cÖK…wZi Kwe K mKv‡ji L `ycy‡ii Ki‡e
o AvaywbK Rxeb‡PZbvi Kwe M we‡K‡ji o iv‡Zi
M bvMwiK Kwe N ev¯Íeev`x Kwe 1210. c„w_ex‡Z mevB
1203. ÔAvwg P‡j hveÕ Kwe †Kv_vq P‡j hvIqvi K_v
1195. Kwe Rxebvb›` `v‡ki wPË wbgMœ K ¯^v_©ci L †jvfx
e‡j‡Qb? [Aby. 2]
K evsjvi BwZnvm HwZ‡n¨ M gvbeìw` o wPi¯’vqx bq
K MÖv‡g L kn‡i
o evsjvi cÖK…wZi iƒc‰ewP‡Î¨ 1211. wkwk‡ii R‡j †fRv PvjZv dz‡ji MÜ KZ w`b _vK‡e?
o cicv‡i N we‡`‡k
M evsjvi Av‡›`vj‡bi †PZbvq K cuvP w`b L mvZ w`b
1204. wkwk‡ii mv‡_ m¤ú„³ †Kvb gvm?
N QbœQvov gvby‡li Rxebeë¯’vq M `k w`b o AbšÍKvj
o †cŠl L ˆR¨ô M kÖveY N fv`ª
1196. Ôa~mi cvÐywjwcÕ Rxebvb›` `v‡ki †Kvb ai‡bi iPbv? 1212. Gwkwiqv †ewejb GLb †Kgb?
K MíMÖš’ o Kve¨MÖš’ M Dcb¨vm N cÖeÜ 1205. Ô†mvbvi ¯^‡cœi mva c„w_ex‡Z K‡e Avi S‡iÕ
K cwic~Y© Mov mf¨Zv L GLbI †mŠ›`‡h© ficyi
1197. ÔebjZv †mbÕ Kve¨MÖš’wUi bvgKiY Kiv n‡q‡Q cO&w³ Øviv Kx †evSvq?
o aŸsm¯Í‚c N dz‡j-d‡j fiv
K Kwei †cÖwgKvi bvgvbymv‡i o Kwe bv _vK‡jI cÖK…wZ gvby‡li mva
o GKwU KweZvi bvgvbymv‡i Kíbv‡K Z…ß Ki‡e 1213. ÔmvaÕ k‡ãi A_© n‡jv
M Kwei †g‡qi bvgvbymv‡i L gvby‡li g‡bi Avkv wPiw`bB weivR K‡i K †Lvqve L cyjK o ¯ú„nv N ggZv
N Kwei ¯¿xi bvgvbymv‡i M my›ì ¯^cœ¸‡jv c„w_ex‡Z †_‡K hvq 1214. ÔAvwg P‡j hve e‡jÕ GLv‡b ÔAvwgÕ †K?
1198. 1954 mv‡ji A‡±vei gv‡mi KZ Zvwi‡L N ki‡Zi mKvj ¯§„wZ‡Z fv‡m o Kwe L cÖK…wZ M ¯^cœ N †mŠ›`h©
Rxebvb›` `vk Uªvg `yN©Ubvq AvnZ nb? 1206. Pvwiw`‡K kvšÍ evwZ wf‡R MÜ
K 10 L 12 o 14 N 16 cvV cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 240
K bÿ‡Îi Av‡jv L cÖK…wZi myevm
1199. Rxebvb›` `vk A‡±vei gv‡mi KZ Zvwi‡L gviv hvb? M big †XD o g„`y Kjie
1215. ÔGKw`‡K †hgb ÿwqòz Ab¨w`‡K P‡j Zvi
K 20 o 22 M 24 N 26 wewbg©vYÕ wK‡mi?
1207. Kvi Mí †eu‡P i‡e wPiKvj?
g~jcvVcvVëB; c„ôv 239 K BwZnv‡mi L gvby‡li
K Rxebvb›` `v‡ki L mZ¨vb›` `v‡ki
M Kzmyg-Kzgvix `v‡ki o c„w_exi M cÖK…wZi o mf¨Zvi
1200. Ò†mB w`b GB gvV ¯Íä n‡e bv‡Kv Rvwb|Ó GLv‡b
Ô†mB w`bÕ ej‡Z †Kvb w`‡bi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q? 1216. giYkxj e¨w³gvbyl g„Zzï †Kv‡j X‡j c‡o,
K Kwei Rš§w`b
kãv_© I UxKvcvVëB; c„ôv 239 wKš‘ wPiKv‡ji e¨¯ÍZv _v‡K
L Kwei KweZv cÖKv‡ki w`b 1208. Rxebvb›` `v‡ki KweZvi g~jMZ †cÖiYv Kx? K mgy‡`ª L cvnv‡o M AvKv‡ko cÖK…wZ‡Z
M Kwei welYœ gyn~Z© o cÖK…wZi inm¨gq †mŠ›`h© L inm¨gqx gvbyl 1217. wkwki †Kvb dz‡j c‡o?
o Kwei g„Zzï c‡ii w`b¸‡jv M inm¨gq cÖvwYRMr N bM‡ii ev¯ÍeZv K cjvk L wkgyj M wkDjx o PvjZv
eûc`x mgvwßm~PK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 1220. ÒiwdK mv‡ne MvQcvjv‡ewóZ R½‡j Ny‡i †eov‡Z nq‡Zv †`wL‡e †P‡q my`k©b Dwo‡Z‡Q mÜ¨vi evZv‡m;
cQ›` K‡ib|Ó iwdK mv‡n‡ei mv‡_ Ô†mBw`b GB nq‡Zv ïwb‡e GK jÿ¥x‡cuPv WvwK‡Z‡Q
1218. Ô†mBw`b GB gvVÕ KweZvi ¯^‡cœi mv‡_ m¤úK© i‡q‡Q gvVÕ KweZvi mv`„k¨c~Y© w`KwU n‡jv wkgy‡ji Wv‡j; [Avevi Avwme wd‡i Rxebvb›` `vk]
i. cÖK…wZi i. Avb›`‡eva 1221. DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ Ô†mBw`b GB gvVÕ KweZvi
ii. gvby‡li ii. †mŠ›`h©‡eva †Kvb wel‡q mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q?
iii. bÿ‡Îi iii. cÖK…wZ‡eva o cÖK…wZi eY©bvq
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? L HwZnvwmK ¯’vcbv eY©bvq
Ki o ii M i I ii N i, ii I iii K i I ii L i I iii M Gwkwiqv †ewejb N cÖK…wZi weiƒcZvq
1219. Gwkwiqv, †ewejb n‡jv o ii I iii N i, ii I iii 1222. DÏxcK I Ô†mBw`b GB gvVÕ KweZvq D‡jøL i‡q‡Q
i. gvby‡li bvg i. jÿ¥x‡cuPv
ii. mf¨Zvi bvg
Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi ii. my`k©b
iii. evwoi bvg  DÏxcKwU c‡o 1221 I 1222bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : iii. PvjZv dzj
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? Avevi Avwme Avwg evsjvi b`x gvV †LZ fv‡jv‡e‡m wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
Ki o ii M i I ii N i, ii I iii Rjv½xi †XD‡q †fRv evsjvi G meyR KiæY WvOvq; oi L ii M i I ii N iii
KweZv 08 cwjøRbbx  RmxgD`&`xb

cvVëB we‡kølY 1235. Kwe Kv‡ì †cvkvK‡K Kzqvkv Kvd‡bi m‡½
Zzjbv K‡i‡Qb?
mvaviY eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi o †RvbvwK †g‡q‡ì L ev`yo‡ì 1250. Ôbvgv‡Ri NiÕ ej‡Z Kwe Kx eywS‡q‡Qb?
M KvbvKz‡qv‡ì N WvûK cvwL‡ì K LvbKv o gmwR`
Kwe cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 242 1236. †Q‡j Kv‡K jvUvB hZœ K‡i ivL‡Z e‡j? M gv`ªvmv N RvqbvgvR
1223. RmxgD`&`xb †Kvb MÖv‡g Rš§MÖnY K‡ib? K eo †evb‡K L Kwig‡K 1251. bqb bxi Kx?
K imyjcyi o Zv¤^yjLvbv o gv‡K N AvwRR‡K K bqb bv‡gi †Q‡ji evmv
M PuvcvWvOv N KvUvw`qv 1237. ÔmvZ-bwiÕ, ÔdzjSzwiÕ ej‡Z Zzwg Kx †evS? L bqb bv‡gi †Q‡ji cvwb
1224. RmxgD`&`x‡bi †Kvb MÖš’ wewfbœ we‡`wk fvlvq K GKcÖKvi wgóvbœ L GKcÖKvi ˆZRmcÎ o †Pv‡Li cvwb
Ab~w`Z n‡q‡Q? M gvwUi nuvwo o nuvwo ivLvi wmKv N iæM&Y †Q‡jwUi bvg
K GK cqmvi euvwk L gvwUi Kvbœv
1238. ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvq A‡bKÿY K_v e‡j iæM&Y †Q‡j cvV cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 244
o bKwkKuv_vi gvV N †mvRbevw`qvi NvU
K nuvwc‡q I‡V L Nywg‡q c‡o
1225. †Kvb wek¦we`¨vjq RmxgD`&`xb‡K wW-wjU wWwMÖ 1252. Kvi g‡Zv ggZvgqx Avi †KD †bB?
o Pzc K‡i N Mí ïb‡Z Pvq
cÖ`vb K‡i? K evevi o gv‡qi
K XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq
1239. ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvq _g _g Kvj ivZ †Kv_vq? M `v`vi N `vwì
L KjKvZv wek¦we`¨vjq K iæM&Y †Q‡ji wkq‡i L euvke‡b
o evB‡i N KzwU‡i
1253. iæM&Y cwi‡e‡k gv‡qi g‡b Kx †R‡M I‡V?
M iex›`ªfviZx wek¦we`¨vjq K iæM&Y mšÍv‡bi g½jvKv•ÿv
o wek¦fviZx wek¦we`¨vjq 1240. ÔI‡i gyL‡cvov †Kv_v wMqvwQwj Ggwb G Kvwj
L g‡b bvbv Aïf K_v
1226. KZ wLªóv‡ã RmxgD`&`xb g„ZzëiY K‡ib? muv‡S|Õ GLv‡b ÔgyL‡cvovÕ ej‡Z †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q o cyÎ nviv‡bvi k¼v
K 1975 o 1976 M 1977 N 1978 K nbygvb‡K L kÎæ‡K
N MZ Avo‡Oi K_v
o `yišÍ †Q‡j‡K N wgÎ‡K
g~jcvVcvVëB; c„ôv 242-244 1254. ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvq dz‡U D‡V‡QÑ
1241. Ô†gvmjgv‡bi AvoO †`wL‡Z bvB|Õ G K_v †K e‡j‡Q?
1227. gv‡qi †Pv‡Li cvZv Xzj‡Q †Kb? K ¯^Rb nviv‡bvi nvnvKvi
K iwng PvPv L gmwR‡ì Bgvg
K †Q‡ji †ivM wPšÍvq M evev o gv L iæM&Y †Q‡ji AvKzwZ
L ivZ _g_g ¯Íä _vKvq 1242. Avo‡Oi w`‡b ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvi iæM&Y M MÖvgxY cÖK…wZ I gvbyl
M ivwÎ RvMi‡Y †Q‡jwU cyZzj wKb‡Z †P‡qwQj †Kb? o AcZ¨‡mœ‡ni Awbevh© AvKl©Y
o †Pv‡L Z›`ªv Avmvq K cyZzj Zvi wcÖq †Ljbv e‡j 1255. ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvq gv‡qi wK‡mi e¨_©Zv
1228. ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvq `xcwU †Kv_vq R¡jwQj? o Zvi eÜyiv wK‡bwQj e‡j cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q?
K weQvbvi †Kv‡Y o wkq‡ii Kv‡Q M eÜy‡K Dcnvi †`‡e e‡j K †mevi L †mœ‡ni
M wcjmy‡Ri Dci N gv‡qi nv‡Z N Zvi Kv‡Q UvKv wQj e‡j M Kzms¯‹v‡ii o Avw_©K `xbZvi
1229. ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvq Kuy‡oN‡i kx‡Zi evqy Avm‡Q †Kb? 1243. ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvq iæM&Y †Q‡ji Rb¨ Kx †Rv‡Uwb?
K N‡i †eov †bB e‡j K Ilya L Svo-duyK o c_¨ N cvwbcov eûc`x mgvwßm~PK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
L †eov _vK‡jI ìRv †bB e‡j
1244. ÔS‡o Kuv‡c †hb bx‡oi cvwLwU Rov‡q gv‡qi 1256. ÔAfvMxi ¯^M©Õ M‡íi KvOvjxi mv‡_ mv`„k¨
M †eovi Rvbvjv †Lvjv e‡j
o RxY© †eov duvK n‡q Av‡Q e‡j
Wvbv|Õ GLv‡b ÔcvwLwUÕ ej‡Z †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q i‡q‡Q ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvi
K `ywLbx gv‡K o iæM&Y †Q‡j‡K i. gv‡qi
1230. ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvq †K †Q‡j‡K Pzc K‡i
M Kwig‡K N AvwRR‡K ii. iæM&Y †Q‡ji
Ny‡gv‡Z ej‡Qb?
1245. ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvq N‡ii Pv‡j‡Z WvK‡Q iii. iwng PvPvi
K evev o gv M Wv³vi N Bgvg
1231. gv Pzc Ki‡Z ejvq †Q‡j Kx cÖwZwµqv e¨³ K‡i? K NyNy o ûZzg M KvK N ev`yo wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K wgbwZ L N„Yv o ivM N Awfgvb 1246. ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvq gv `~i-`~i K‡i I‡Vb †Kb? Ki k ii M i I ii N i, ii I iii
1232. Ôcv‡i hw` ey‡K hZ †mœn Av‡QÕÑ GLv‡b ÔhZ o Ag~jK k¼v Gov‡Z L gi‡Yi `~Z Zvov‡Z 1257. Ô†Kvb w`b †m †h gv‡q‡i bv e‡j wMqvwQj `~i e‡b|Õ
†mœnÕ ej‡Z Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? M ûZzg †cuPv Zvov‡Z N S‡oi Kuvcb _vgv‡Z GB cO&w³‡Z mšÍv‡bi †h fvewU dz‡U D‡V‡Q
o Acwimxg †mœn 1247. weiwnYx Wvû‡Ki WvK cwjøRbbxi g‡b †Kvb i. `yišÍ ii. Aeva¨ iii. eLv‡U
L iæM&Y cy‡Îi cÖwZ †mœn Abyf‚wZi †RvMvb †`q? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M cy‡Îi †ivMgyw³ Kvgbv K Avb‡›ì L †e`bvi k i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
N `ywLbx gv‡qi n„`‡qi nvnvKvi o k~b¨Zvi N c~Y©Zvi 1258. ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvq iæM&Y †Q‡ji AZxZ Rxeb wQj
1233. ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvq ìMvq Kx gvbZ Kiv nq? 1248. ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvq ÔgnvKvjÕ A‡_© Zzwg Kx †evS? i. welv` cwic~Y©
K †gvgevwZ L AvMievwZ K gnvb †h Kvj L gnv †h Kvj ii. PÂjZvq cwic~Y©
M †Rvov gyiwM o `vb M AÜKvi ivZ o `ytmgq iii. `wi`ªZvq wK¬ó
1234. euvk e‡b e‡m †Kvb cvwL Wv‡K? [Aby. 1] 1249. ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvq wK‡mi †Zj dzwi‡q G‡m‡Q? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K †KvwKj o KvbvKz‡qv K Mvwoi L jÉ‡bi K i I ii L i I iii
M ûZzg N †`v‡qj o gvwUi cÖ`x‡ci N Rvnv‡Ri k ii I iii N i, ii I iii
1259. Òe‡j‡Q Avgiv, †gvmjgv‡bi AvoO †`wL‡Z 1260. Dc‡ii DÏxc‡K cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvi  DÏxcKwU c‡o 1262 I 1263bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
bvB|Ó G ev‡K¨ cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q o mšÍv‡bi gyg~ly© Ae¯’v gv e‡j‡Qb, ZvB †h‡ZB n‡e| hyeK ivZ`ycy‡i
L AK…wÎg gvZ…‡mœn `v‡gvì b`xi cv‡o Dcw¯’Z n‡jb| el©vKvj,
i. MÖvgevsjvq d‡Zvqvi AccÖ‡qvM
M Av‡ivM¨ jv‡fi AvKzwZ b`x ZvB cÖgËv! Zxeª Rj‡mªvZ mMR©‡b e‡q
ii. evOvwj gymjgvb cwiev‡i agx©q Abykvmb P‡j‡Q| gyljavi el©vq wPrKvi ev WvKvWvwK
N †ivMgyw³i jÿY
iii. cwjøRbbxi A_©‰bwZK Amvg_©¨ 1261. DÏxc‡K dz‡U IVv fvewU ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvi †h †Kv‡bvwKQyB †kvbvi Dcvq †bB| b`x‡Z
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? Suvwc‡q co‡jb hyeK Ck¦iP›`ª we`¨vmvMi|
Pi‡Y we`¨gvb Zv n‡jv
1262. DÏxc‡Ki m‡½ †Zvgvi cvVëB‡qi †Kvb
Ki L i I ii K N‡ii Pv‡j‡Z ûZzg WvwK‡Q, AKj¨vY G myi,
KweZvi fveMZ wgj i‡q‡Q?
o ii I iii N i, ii I iii gi‡Yi `~Z G‡jv eywS nvq, nuv‡K gvq, `~i-`~i| K ¯^vaxbZv o cwjøRbbx
L bvgv‡Ri N‡i †gvgevwZ gv‡b, ìMvq gv‡b `vb,
M cÖvY N Avgvi mšÍvb
Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi †Q‡j‡i Zvnvi fv‡jv K‡i `vI Kuv‡` Rbbxi cÖvY| 1263. D³ fveMZ wgjwU n‡jvÑ
M cv‡k¦© R¡wjqv gvwUi cÖ`xc evZv‡m Rgvq †Lj; i. gvZ…‡mœn ii. cyÎ‡mœn
Auvav‡ii mv‡_ hywSqv Zvnvi dzivq G‡m‡Q †Zj| iii. evwoi Uvb
hZw`b hvq, `y‡f©vM Zvi ZZB evwoqv hvq N gv †Kej ewm iæMb †Q‡ji gyLcv‡b AuvwL †g‡j wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
RxebcÖ`xc wbwfqv Avwm‡Q A¯Í iwei cÖvq| [Aby. 2-3] fvmv fvmv Zvi hZ K_v †hb mviv cÖvY w`‡q †M‡j Ki L ii o i I ii N iii
KweZv 09 Avkv  wmKvb&`vi Avey Rvdi

cvVëB we‡kølY 1276. ÔAvkvÕ KweZvq Ô†mvbv-iƒcviÕ cvnvo Kx A‡_© 1291. ÔcÖwZ‡ekxi Auvavi N‡i/R¡vj‡Z cv‡i Av‡jvÕ
eën„Z n‡q‡Q? GLv‡b Av‡jv ej‡Z Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? [Aby-2]
mvaviY eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi k m¤ú` L fv‡jvevmv K cvi¯úwiK m¤úÖxwZ
M †mœn N ggZv k wec‡` mvnvh¨ Kiv
Kwe cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 254 1277. Ô†mvbv-iƒcviÕ cvnv‡oi m‡½ wb‡Pi †KvbwUi M G‡K A‡bï †LuvR †bIqv
1264. wmKvb&`vi Avey Rvdi †Kv_vq Rš§MÖnY K‡ib? mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q? N KvD‡K Zz”Q bv fvev
K ivRkvnx‡Z k Lyjbvq K wbf©vebvi L RxY© †eovi 1292. Kwe wK‡mi AšÍiv‡j nvwi‡q †h‡Z Pvb?
M dwi`cy‡i N ewikv‡j k weË-my‡Li N cwikÖ‡gi K cÖK…wZi L Avb‡›ì
1265. wmKvb&`vi Avey Rvdi KZ mv‡j Rš§MÖnY K‡ib? 1278. weË-my‡Li `yf©vebvq †KvbwU K‡g? [Aby-1] o Kvbœv-nvwmi N fv‡jvevmvi
K 1916 L 1917 M 1918 k 1919 K mgq L A_© 1293. Kwe Ab¨ RM‡Z nvwi‡q †h‡Z Pvb †Kb?
1266. wmKvb&`vi Avey Rvdi †ckvq Kx wQ‡jb? k Avqy N fv‡jvevmv K nZvkvi Kvi‡Y
K Wv³vi L m¤úv`K o RvMwZK RwUjZvi Kvi‡Y
1279. Ô†h_vq †jv‡K Zz”Q wb‡q/Zzó _v‡K fvBÕ Pi‡Yi
k mvsevw`K N Awf‡bZv M wcÖqRb‡ì m‡½ eëav‡bi Kvi‡Y
ÔZz”QÕ Kx A_© cÖKvk K‡i?
1267. wmKvb&`vi Avey Rvdi †Kvb Av‡›`vjb †eMevb K Ae‡nwjZ L bó N gvby‡li Lvivc AvPi‡Yi Kvi‡Y
Ki‡Z Zvrch©c~Y© f‚wgKv iv‡Lb? M wb¤œgv‡bi k mvgvb¨
K fvlv Av‡›`vjb k 6 `dv Av‡›`vjb kãv_© I UxKvcvVëB; c„ôv 255
1280. Kx wb‡q gvbyl Zzó _vK‡j Kwe †mB †`‡k hv‡eb?
M MYAv‡›`vjb N ¯^vaxbZv Av‡›`vjb 1294. ÔwbïZÕ k‡ãi A_© Kx?
K Lvivc wRwbm k Zz”Q wRwbm
1268. ÔAvgv‡ì msMÖvg Pj‡eB Pj‡eÕ MvbwUi †jLK †K? M †bvsiv wRwbm N A‡bK m¤ú`
K ivZ k bxie M wbN©yg N cyi‡bv
K Ave`yj Mvd&dvi †PŠayix 1295. ÔRxY©Õ A_© Kx?
1281. mviv w`‡bi cwikÖ‡g hviv GK w`‡bi Avnvh©
L RmxgD`&`xb k ÿqcÖvß L ¸uov M †Quov N cyi‡bv
Lyu‡R cvq bv Zviv Kviv?
k wmKvb&`vi Avey Rvdi 1296. hvi †Kv‡bv `yf©vebv †bB Zv‡K GK K_vq Kx e‡j?
k `wi`ª gvbyl L ga¨weË gvbyl
N wbg©‡j›`y ¸Y k wbf©vebv L myLx M Z¨vMx N wPšÍv
M AmvaviY gvbyl N abx gvbyl
1269. wmKvb&`vi Avey Rvd‡ii †Kvb iPbv †gnbwZ 1297. ÔRxY© †eovi N‡iÕ GLv‡b ÔRxY© †eovÕ Kx A_©
1282. Zz”Q wb‡q Zzó _vKv gvby‡liv †Kv_vq _v‡K?
gvby‡li gyw³i †cÖiYv? cÖKvk K‡i?
K cvKv evwo‡Z o RxY© N‡i
K Dcb¨vm L Kve¨ k `wi`ªZv L Kó M `ytL N Av‡ÿc
M AÆvwjKvq N cvnv‡oi Xvjy‡Z
M Mí k MYmsMxZ 1298. Kx wba©vwiZ bq?
1283. ÔfvZÕ kãwU wb‡Pi †KvbwU‡K wb‡`©k K‡i?
1270. wmKvb&`vi Avey Rvdi KZ mv‡j g„ZzëiY K‡ib? K gvby‡li Kó
K Zz”Q L cwikÖg o Avnvh© N mÂq
K 1970 L 1973 k 1975 N 1976 L gvby‡li wbivkv
1284. ÔAvnvh©Õ K_vi gv‡b Kx?
g~jcvVcvVëB; c„ôv 254-255 o Lv`¨`ªe¨ L LvIqv M Avnvix N Avgš¿Y M gvby‡li Av‡eM
1285. ÔAvkvÕ KweZvq gvby‡li g‡b Kx †bB? o gvbyl Kxfv‡e myLx n‡e †mB welq
1271. ÔAvwg †mB RM‡Z nvwi‡q †h‡Z PvBÕ PiYwUi
K nZvkv o `xbZv M myL N B”Qv 1299. wK‡mi wPšÍvq gvby‡li iv‡Z Nyg nq bv?
ÔAvwgÕ †K?
1286. †Kv_vKvi gvbyl gvbyl‡K fv‡jvevm‡Z cv‡i? K `yt‡Li L K‡ói
K mvaviY gvbyl L `wi`ª gvbyl
o †hLv‡b `xbZv †bB L †hLv‡b nZvkv †bB o my‡Li N wejvwmZvi
k Kwe wb‡R N †gnbwZ gvbyl
1272. Kwe †Kvb RM‡Z nvwi‡q †h‡Z Pvb? M †hLv‡b A_© †bB N †hLv‡b Lvevi †bB 1300. Rxeb hš¿Yvgq nq wK‡m?
K `yt‡L L †e`bvq M Avj‡mö †jv‡f
K ¯^‡cœi RM‡Z 1287. †bB `yivkv Møvwb/†bB `xbZv, c‡ii PiY †KvbwU?
L ev¯Íe RM‡Z K Avqy Kgvq bv L cvq bv hviv Lyu‡R
1301. Rxe‡bi mv_©KZv wK‡m?
M †hLv‡bB mevB _v‡K K m¤ú‡` L Kv‡R
k †bB †Kv‡bv mskq N evm‡Z cv‡i fv‡jv
k †hLv‡b wbf©vebvq gvbyl Nygvq o A‡bï DcKv‡i
1288. wmKvb&`vi Avey Rvdi †Kvb RM‡Z nvwi‡q †h‡Z Pvb?
1273. RxY© †eovi N‡i †K Nygvq? N A‡bï m¤ú‡ì Avkvq
K †hLv‡bv gvqv †bB
K gvbyl k fvebvnxb gvbyl o †hLv‡b `xbZv I mskq †bB 1302. Rxe‡bi gnË¡ wK‡m?
M Kwei eÜy N Kwei cÖwZ‡ekx M †hLv‡b cÖwZ‡ekx †bB o gvbyl‡K fv‡jvevmvq
1274. †Kv_vq †jv‡K †mvbv-iæcvi cvnvo Rgvq bv? N †hLv‡b Auvavi N‡i Av‡jv R¡‡j L gvbyl‡K N„Yv Kivq
k †hLv‡b wbf©vebvq gvbyl Nygvq 1289. Kvi Auvavi N‡i Av‡jv R¡vjvi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q? M A‡bK m¤ú` Avni‡Y
L †hLv‡b gvbyl _v‡K bv K Kwei o cÖwZ‡ekxi N A‡bK Kv‡Ri g‡a¨
M †hLv‡b gvby‡li †jvf i‡q‡Q M Zzó †jv‡Ki N fvebvnxb gvbyl cvV cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 255
N †hLv‡b gvbyl `ytLx 1290. gvbyl †hLv‡b gvbyl‡K fv‡jvev‡m †mLv‡b
1275. ÔAvkvÕ KweZvq wK‡mi cvnv‡oi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q? cÖwZ‡ekxi Auvavi N‡i Kx K‡i? 1303. ÔAvkvÕ KweZvwU †Kvb Kve¨MÖš’ †_‡K msKwjZ n‡q‡Q?
K wZwgivwšÍK o gvje †KŠwkK
K †jvnvi L Zvgvi K RUjv K‡i L ˆn‰P K‡i
M e„wðK jMœ N cÖmbœ cÖni
k †mvbv-iæcvi N wmjfv‡ii M gvivgvwi K‡i o Av‡jv R¡v‡j
1304. RvMwZK GB c„w_ex µgk †Kgb n‡q DV‡Q? 1313. †hLvbKvi gvbyl gvbyl‡K fv‡jvevm‡Z cv‡i 1319. wgj i‡q‡Q †h Kvi‡Y
K †jvfx L mij M AnsKvix o RwUj †mLvbKvi gvbyl i. RvMwZK RwUjZv †`‡L Kó cvIqv
1305. gvbyl µgk AvZ¥‡Kw›`ªK n‡q co‡Q GLv‡b i. cÖwZ‡ekxi `yt‡L GwM‡q Av‡m ii. fv‡jvevmvc~Y© RM‡Zi AvKv•ÿv
AvZ¥‡Kw›`ªK ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? ii. Zv‡ì †Kv‡bv `yivkv _v‡K bv iii. †hLv‡b i‡q‡Q †mLv‡bB _vK‡Z PvIqv
o ïay wb‡Ri wPšÍv Kiv L AvZ¥x‡qi wPšÍv Kiv iii. Zviv Amnvq nq wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M mK‡ji wPšÍv Kiv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? o i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
N cwiev‡ii I mgv‡Ri wPšÍv Kiv o i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii  DÏxcKwU c‡o 1320 I 1321bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
1306. gvby‡li mv‡_ gvby‡li Kx evo‡Q? 1314. cÖwZ‡ekxi Auvavi N‡i Av‡jv R¡vjv‡bvi ga¨ c~Rvix, `yqvi †Lv‡jv,
K m¤úK© L wPšÍv w`‡q gvby‡li †h êwkó¨ cÖKvk cvq Zv n‡jv ÿzavi VvKzi ùvov‡q `yqv‡i c~Rvi mgq n‡jv!
M fv‡jvevmv o eëavb i. wbt¯^v‡_© ii. DcKvix ¯^cb †`wLqv AvKzj c~Rvix Lywjj fRbvjq,
1307. Kwe Kv‡ì Kv‡Q †h‡Z †P‡q‡Qb? iii. gvbe‡cÖwgK †èZvi e‡i AvR ivRv-UvRv n‡q hv‡e wbðq!
K eÜyi L `wi`ª gvby‡li wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? [Z_¨m~Î : gvbyl KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg]
o cÖK…Z gvby‡li N RivwK¬ó gvby‡li K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii o i, ii I iii 1320. DÏxc‡Ki c~Rvwii m‡½ ÔAvkvÕ KweZvi Kvi
1308. Kwe mwZ¨Kvi gvbyl ej‡Z Kv‡ì eywS‡q‡Qb? mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q?
1315. †h kã¸”Q ÔAvkvÕ KweZvq i‡q‡Q
K Kwei
K hviv cwikÖg K‡i bv i. wbïZ, weË
L fvebvnxb gvby‡li
L hviv A_© m¤ú‡ì cvnvo M‡o ii. Zzó, Bó
M Nywg‡q _vKv gvby‡li
o hviv cÖwZ‡ekx‡K mvnvh¨ K‡i iii. Avnvh©, Auvavi
o weË-my‡Li `yf©vebvq _vKv gvby‡li
N hviv Amnvq wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K i I ii o i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 1321. mv`„‡kï KviY
eûc`x mgvwßm~PK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 1316. †mB RM‡Zi Kvbœv-nvwmi AšÍiv‡j fvB Avwg nvwi‡q †h‡Z i. m¤ú‡ì †jvf
ii. m¤ú‡ì †jv‡f `yf©vebvq _vKv
1309. Kwe nvwi‡q †h‡Z Pvb PvB GLv‡b ÔKvbœv-nvwmÕ ej‡Z †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q
iii. †jvfx gvbwmKZv
i. †hLv‡b Mfxi iv‡Z wbf©vebvq gvbyl Nygvq i. myL-`ytL
ii. †hLv‡b †jv‡K ab-m¤ú` Rgvq bv ii. Avb›`
K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii o i, ii I iii
iii. †hLv‡b gvbyl weË-my‡Li Rb¨ Rxeb wecbœ K‡i bv iii. fv‡jv-g›`
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
c‡ii Kvi‡Y ¯^v_© w`qv ewj
K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii o i, ii I iii K i I ii o i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
G Rxeb gb mKwj `vI,
1310. Ô†mvbv-i~cvqÕ cvnvo Rgv‡bv ej‡Z Kwe eywS‡q‡Qb ... ... ... ... ... ...
i. A‡bK A_©-m¤ú` Rgv‡bv
mK‡ji Z‡i mK‡j Avgiv
ii. A‡bK Mnbv Rgv‡bv  DÏxcKwU c‡o 2359 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : cÖ‡Z¨‡K Avgiv c‡ii Z‡i|
iii. UvKv-cqmv I m¤ú‡ì AvwaK¨ GK`v AZ¨vPvix GK †gvoj Amy¯’ n‡j Zvi †ivMgyw³i 1322. DÏxc‡Ki g~jfv‡ei cÖKvk ÔAvkvÕ KweZvi
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? Rb¨ KweivR civgk© †`q myLx gvby‡li Rvgv civi| †Kvb Pi‡Y dz‡U I‡V?
K i I ii o i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii A‡bK †LuvRvLyuwRi ci GKRb myLx gvbyl cvIqv †M‡jI K †h_vq †jv‡K †mvbv-iƒcvq
1311. ÔweË-my‡Li `yf©vebvÕ ej‡Z Kwe eywS‡q‡Qb †`Lv hvq, Zvi †Kv‡bv Rvgv †bB| [Aby-3] L weË-my‡Li `yf©vebvq
i. m¤ú‡ì Rb¨ wPšÍv bv Kiv 1317. DÏxc‡Ki myLx gvbylwUi mv‡_ ÔAvkvÕ KweZvq cvnvo Rgvq bv Avqy Kgvq bv
ii. AwaK A‡_©i †jvf mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q M ZzeI hv‡ì g‡bi †Kv‡Y
iii. m¤ú` I my‡Li Rb¨ nvnvKvi K abx‡ì L `wi`ª‡ì o cÖwZ‡ekxi Auvavi N‡i
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? k AvZ¥Z…ß‡ì N `yf©vebvMÖ¯‡Í ì †bB `yivkv Møvwb
K i I ii L i I iii o ii I iii N i, ii I iii  DÏxcKwU c‡o 1318 I 1319bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : R¡vj‡Z cv‡i Av‡jv
1312. Zviv Zz”Q wb‡q Zzó _v‡K, hviv gwZb Zvi Pvicv‡ki Ae¯’v †`‡L Kó †eva K‡i| 1323. Dfq RvqMvq cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q
i. myLx gvbyl Pviw`‡Ki ¯^v_©ci gvbyl †`‡L Zvi g‡b nq, †m hw` i. gbyl¨Z¡‡ev‡ai K_v
ii. wbf©vebvq Nygv‡Z cv‡i Ab¨ RM‡Z P‡j †h‡Z cviZ Z‡e fv‡jv n‡Zv| ii. wbt¯^v_© gvbwmKZv
iii. gbyl¨‡Z¡i AwaKvix 1318. DÏxc‡Ki m‡½ †Zvgvi cwVZ †Kvb KweZvi wgj i‡q‡Q? iii. gvbyl‡K fv‡jvevm‡Z cvivi K_v
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? o Avkv L cÖvY wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii o i, ii I iii M Rxeb-m½xZ N AÜea~ K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii o i, ii I iii
KweZv 10 Avwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bB  Avnmvb nvexe

cvVëB we‡kølY 1328. Ô†gvi bvg GB e‡j L¨vZ †nvK, Avwg 1332. ÔwbwkivBZÕ kãwU ÔAvwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bBÕ
†Zvgv‡ìB †jvK|Õ cO&w³wUi fv‡ei mv‡_ KweZvi †Kvb A‡_© eën„Z n‡q‡Q?
mvaviY eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q †Kvb Pi‡Yi? K KweZvi AjsKvi o Mfxi ivZ
K gvQivOv Avgv‡K †P‡b M iv‡Zi K_ïƒc N Kvj ivZ
Kwe cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 260 o Avwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bB 1333. ÔAvwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bBÕ KweZvq we¯Íi
1324. Kwe Avnmvb nvexe KZ mv‡j Rš§MÖnY K‡ib? M gvwU‡Z Avgvi MÜ †RvbvwK †Kv_vq?
o 1917 mv‡j L 1919 mv‡j N Avwg ¯^vwcœK wbq‡g GLv‡bB _vwK o euvkevMv‡b L cPv †Wvevq
M 1921 mv‡j N 1927 mv‡j 1329. ÔAvwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bBÕ KweZvq Kwe M mycvwi e‡b N MÖvgxY c‡_
1325. wK‡mi weiæ‡× Avnmvb nvexe e³e¨ †i‡L‡Qb? Avmgv‡bi Zviv‡K mvÿx †g‡b‡Qb †Kb? 1334. ÔAvwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bBÕ KweZvq Rviæj
K 71Õi hy×vcivax L ivR‰bwZK AbvPvi o kvk¦Z Ae¯’v‡bi ¸iæ‡Z¡
M agx©q †gŠjev` o mvgvwRK êlg¨
Rvgiæj n‡jv
L iv‡Z Av‡jv †`q e‡j
K Kwei eÜy
1326. KZ wLªóv‡ã Avnmvb nvex‡ei Rxebvemvb N‡U? M AvKv‡k wgwUwgwU R¡‡j
L Kwei wcÖqRb
K 1984 wLª. o 1985 wLª. N Kwei LyDe cQ‡›ì
M 1986 wLª. N 1987 wLª. M cÖK…wZi †kvfv
1330. ÔAvwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bBÕ KweZvq Avmgv‡bi
Zvivi c‡i Kwe Kv‡K mvÿx †g‡b? o Kwei mvÿx
g~jcvVcvVëB; c„ôv 260-261 K euvkevMvb o Rwg‡bi dzj 1335. ÔAvwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bBÕ KweZvq gvQivOv
1327. ÔAvwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bBÕ KweZvi cÖ_g cO&w³ †KvbwU? M Rviæj Rvgiæj N cy‡ei cyKzi w¯’i `„wó‡Z ZvwK‡q Av‡Q †Kb?
K Avwg †Kv‡bv Af¨vMZ bB 1331. ÔAvwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bBÕ KweZvq euvkevMv‡bi o wkKv‡i g‡bvms‡hvM
L Avwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bB cwi‡ek †Kgb? L †Mvmj Kivi R‡b¨
o Avmgv‡bi Zviv mvÿx K Puv‡ì Av‡jvq Sjgj L ivZ _g _g ¯Íä wbSzg M †iŠ‡`ª †fRv cvLv ïKv‡Z
N †Lv`vi Kmg Avwg †Kv‡bv wfb‡`wk cw_K bB o wbwkivBZ we¯Íi †RvbvwK N Wvû‡Ki Wv‡K QgQg N Kwe‡K †`Lvi Rb¨
1336. Kwe Avnmvb nvexe Af¨vMZ bb †Kb? 1346. ÔêVvq jvO‡jÕ Kwei nv‡Zi ¯úk© †Kgb? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K Kwe wc‡ivRcy‡ii k¼icvkvq R‡š§‡Qb e‡j K Avj‡ZvL †bvsiv o Mfxi N †Lqvwj Ki I ii L i I iii M ii I iii o i, ii I iii
L Kwei Rš§wbeÜb mb` i‡q‡Q e‡j 1347. ÔAvwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bBÕ KweZvq Kwe Zuv‡K 1356. ÔAvgvi kix‡i †j‡M Av‡Q GB wmœ» gvwUi
o †`‡ki Pvicv‡ki cÖK…wZ Kwe‡K †P‡b e‡j wek¦vm Ki‡Z e‡j‡Qb †Kb? myevm|Õ GB cO&w³‡Z cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q Kwei
N wZwb GKwU cwÎKvi mvwnZ¨ m¤úv`K e‡j K Zv‡K Avmgv‡bi Zviv †P‡b e‡j i. Rš§f‚wgi mv‡_ GKvZ¥Zv
1337. ÔAvwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bBÕ kxl©K cO&w³‡Z L wZwb K`g Avjxi ¯^Rb e‡j ii. gvwUi mv‡_ mL¨ fve
cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q o wZwb †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bb e‡j iii. †`k‡cÖ‡gi MfxiZv
o ¯^‡`‡ki mšÍvb wn‡m‡e Kwei ¯^xKv‡ivw³ N wZwb GKwU cwÎKvi mvwnZ¨ m¤úv`K e‡j wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
L ¯^‡`‡ki mšÍvb wn‡m‡e Kwei `‡¤¢vw³ 1348. ay ay b`xi wKbv‡ii Ae¯’vb †Kv_vq? K i I ii o i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M Kwei ¯^‡`k‡cÖ‡gi e¨Äbv K wc‡ivRcy‡i o Kwei Aw¯Í‡Z¡ 1357. Kwei wfb‡`wk cw_K bv nIqvi KviY
N Kwei ¯^‡`k M‡e© Mwe©Z Dw³ M avb‡L‡Zi cv‡k i. G e¨vcv‡i Avmgv‡bi Zviv, Rwg‡bi dzj mvÿx
1338. ÔAvwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bBÕ KweZvq Kwei Aw¯Í‡Z¡i N Rwgjvi gvÕi N‡ii †Kv‡Y ii. cy‡ei cyKzi, SuvKov Wzgyi I gvQivOv Kwe‡K †P‡b
mc‡ÿ Avgiv agx©q Rxe‡bi †Kvb w`KwU Luy‡R cvB? iii. G e¨vcv‡i Kwe mªóvi bv‡g Kmg K‡ib
K mvÿx gvbv L Zvivdz‡ji K_v ejv kãv_© I UxKvcvVëB; c„ôv 261 wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
o Kmg Kiv N KweZv iPbv 1349. †Kv‡bvwKQy wbR †Pv‡L †`‡L‡Qb Ggb KvD‡K Ki L ii M i I iii o i, ii I iii
1339. ÔAvwg wQjvg GLv‡bÕ KweZvi G jvBbwU‡Z GK K_vq Kx ejv nq?
ÔGLv‡bÕ ej‡Z Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q K mvÿ¨ o mvÿx M ev`x N weev`x Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
o ¯^‡`k‡K L euvkevMvb‡K 1350. ÔMuv_vÕ kãwUi AvÿwiK A_© wn‡m‡e †KvbwU  DÏxcKwU c‡o 1358bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
M cy‡ei cyKzi‡K mg_©b‡hvM¨? wicf¨vb DBsKj `xN© wek eQi ci Zvi Muv‡q wd‡i
N Zvivi wb‡Pi Rwgb‡K o iPbv L gvjv M KweZv N eY©bv G‡j Zv‡K †KD wPb‡Z cv‡iwb| mevB Zvi w`‡K
1340. ÔAvwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bBÕ KweZvq †Kvb DrmyK `„wó‡Z ZvwK‡q _v‡K| Ae‡k‡l Zvi ¯^Rb Ug
ai‡bi cvwLiv Kwe‡K †P‡b? cvV cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 261
G‡j me m‡›`‡ni Aemvb N‡U| [Aby. 3]
o K¬všÍ we‡K‡ji cvwLiv 1351. Rš§f‚wgi m‡½ gvby‡li m¤úK© †Kgb? 1358. DÏxc‡Ki U‡gi mv‡_ ÔAvwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K
L nvIi-we‡ji cvwLiv K R‡š§i L g„Zzï bBÕ KweZvi mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q
M AwZw_ cvwLiv M Kg©Rxe‡bi o AvRxe‡bi
o K`g Avjxi L Rwgjv gvÕi
N cwihvqx cvwLiv 1352. ÔAvRxebÕ kãwU Øviv Kx †evSvq? M A‡eva evj‡Ki N wfb‡`wk cw_‡Ki
1341. Avnmvb nvexe Kvi wPi‡Pbv ¯^Rb? [Aby. 1] o Rxeb ch©šÍ L g„Zz¨ ch©šÍ
K cvwLi o K`g Avjxi M Avmgvb mgvb Rxeb
M †RvbvwKi N Rwgjvi gvÕi N Rxeb mgvb Avmgvb
cÖvq wZb eQi evB‡i KvwU‡q kv‡qi‡ì cwievi
1342. ÔAvwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bBÕ KweZvq Rwgjvi gv †K? Avevi MÖv‡g wd‡i G‡m‡Q| cuvP eQi eqmx
1353. ÔnvZ iv‡Lv êVvq jvO‡jÕ GLv‡b ÔêVv-jvO‡jiÕ kv‡qi AevK n‡q ZvjcyKzi cv‡oi ZvjMvQwUi
o Kwei cwiwPZRb L Kwei AvZ¥xqv mv‡_ †Kvb †kÖwYi gvby‡li m¤úK© i‡q‡Q?
M Kwei M„ncwiPvwiKv N Kwei AbvZ¥xqv
w`‡K ZvKvq| ZvjMvQwUI †hb ggZvf‡i Zv‡K
K awbK †kÖwYi L wkwÿZ †kÖwYi
1343. ÔAvwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bBÕ KweZvq Kwe †Kv_vq o K…lK †kÖwYi N †kŠwLb knievmxi
†`L‡Q| Ggwb mg‡q †Kv‡Ì‡K †hb GKmgqKvi
nvZ ivL‡Z e‡j‡Qb? †cvlv KzKzi G‡m kv‡q‡ii Mv kuyK‡Z ïiæ K‡i|
K Wzgy‡ii Wv‡j o êVvq jvO‡j eûc`x mgvwßm~PK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 1359. DÏxc‡Ki m‡½ †Zvgvi cvVëB‡qi †Kvb
M Rwg‡bi dz‡j N KvwZ©‡Ki av‡b KweZvi fveMZ wgj i‡q‡Q?
1354. ÔAvwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bBÕ KweZvi K`g Avjxi
1344. Kwe êVvq jvO‡j nvZ ivL‡Z e‡j‡Qb †Kb? [Aby. 2] K Avgvi †`k
AKvj eva©‡Kï Rb¨ `vqx Kiv hvq o Avwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bB
K kc_ †bqvi Rb¨ i. Afve‡K
o cik Abyfe Kivi Rb¨ M muv‡KvUv `yj‡Q
ii. cywónxbZv‡K
M Kwe‡K Luy‡R cvevi Rb¨ N †Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨, †n ¯^vaxbZv
iii. cwikÖg‡K
N Aw¯ÍZ¡ cÖgvY Kivi Rb¨ 1360. DÏxc‡Ki kv‡q‡ii mg_©b cvIqv hvq ÔAvwg
1345. ÔAvwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bBÕ KweZvq ÔêVvq o i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bBÕ KweZvi
jvO‡jÕ Kx A‡_© eën„Z n‡q‡Q? 1355. Kwe Avnmvb nvex‡ei gvbwmK `„pZvi cÖKvk i. Kwei g‡a¨
o kÖg I msMÖv‡gi cÖZxK ii. K`g Avjxi g‡a¨
N‡U‡Q †h cO&w³‡Z
L ivR‰bwZK `‡ji cÖZxK iii. Rwgjvi gv‡qi g‡a¨
i. Avwg †Kv‡bv Af¨vMZ bB
M MÖvgevsjvi wbZëënvh© e¯‘i cÖZxK ii. †Lv`vi Kmg Avwg wfb‡`wk cw_K bB
N †kvwlZ I ewÂZ‡ì cÖZxK oi L ii M i I iii N ii I iii
iii. Avwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bB
KweZv 11 ivbvi  myKvšÍ fÆvPvh©

cvVëB we‡kølY 1365. myKvšÍ fÆvPv‡h©i wcZvi bvg Kx? 1370. mvgvwRK bvbv AbvPvi I êlg¨ Kv‡K
K wbeviYP›`ª AvPvh© o wbeviYP›`ª fÆvPvh© cÖejfv‡e Av‡jvwoZ K‡i?
mvaviY eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi M weRbP›`ª cyiKvq¯’ N myKzgvi fÆvPvh© K fviZP›`ª ivq¸YvKi‡K
1366. myKvšÍ fÆvPv‡h©i gv‡qi bvg Kx? L iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi‡K
Kwe cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 270 K Kzmyg Kzgvix †èx L ¯^Y©gqx †èx M gnvKwe Kvq‡Kvev`‡K
1361. Kwe myKvšÍ fÆvPvh© KZ e½v‡ã Rš§MÖnY K‡ib? o mybxwZ †èx N mybxwZevjv o myKvšÍ fÆvPvh©‡K
o 1333 L 1334 M 1335 N 1336 1367. †Kvb hy‡× wek¦e¨vcx aŸsm I g„Zzï ZvÐejxjv P‡j? 1371. ÔGQvov mvgvwRK bvbv AbvPvi I êlg¨ Zv‡K
1362. myKvšÍ fÆvPvh© 1333 e½v‡ãi †Kvb Zvwi‡L K wµwgqvi hy‡× L cÖ_g gnvhy‡×
cÖejfv‡e Av‡jvwoZ K‡i|Õ G wPÎK‡íi e³e¨
Rš§MÖnY K‡ib? Abyhvqx wb‡Pi †Kvb hyw³wU mg_©b‡hvM¨?
o wØZxq gnvhy‡× N BivK-Bivb hy‡×
K 30 †k Avlvp o 30 †k kÖveY K gvbe‡cÖg L †`k‡cÖg
1368. wek¦e¨vcx aŸsm I g„Zzï ZvÐejxjv Kv‡K M civaxbZv I Ab¨v‡qi cÖwZev`
M 31 †k Avlvp N 32 †k kÖveY
cÖejfv‡e Av‡jvwoZ K‡i? o AbvPvi I êl‡gï weiæ‡× cÖwZev`
1363. myKvšÍ fÆvPvh© †Kv_vq Rš§MÖnY K‡ib?
K wkï myKvšÍ‡K o wK‡kvi myKvšÍ‡K 1372. Ôwek¦e¨vcx aŸsm I g„Zzï ZvÐejxjv wK‡kvi
K XvKv jÿ¥xevRv‡i L h‡kv‡ii k¨vgevRv‡i
M hyeK myKvšÍ‡K N cwiYZ myKvšÍ‡K myKvšÍ‡K `viæYfv‡e ¯úk© K‡i|Õ G wPÎK‡í
M b`xqvi K…òcy‡i o KjKvZvi KvjxNv‡U
1364. Kwe myKvšÍ fÆvPv‡h©i ˆcZ…K wbevm †Kv_vq? 1369. ÔZvÐejxjvÕ ej‡Z Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? dz‡U D‡V‡Q
K Kzwgjøvi g‡bvniM‡Ä K ZÐygywb D™¢vweZ b„Z¨ K myKv‡šÍi RvZxqZvev`
L XvKvi weµgcy‡i L DÏvg b„Z¨ L myKv‡šÍi AvÂwjKZvev`
o †MvcvjM‡Äi †KvUvwjcvovq o fqsKi ev cÖjq¼i aŸsm Kvh© M myKv‡šÍi cÖv‡`wkKZvev`
N gv¸ivi kÎæwRrcy‡i N hy× hy× †Ljv o myKv‡šÍi AvšÍR©vwZKZvev`
1373. myKvšÍ fÆvPv‡h©i KweZvq Kx aŸwbZ n‡q‡Q? 1391. Ôwb‡laÕ kãwU ÔivbviÕ KweZvq †Kvb A‡_© 1407. ivbvi kn‡i KLb †cuŠQ‡e?
o AbvPvi I êl‡gï weiæ‡× cÖej cÖwZev` eën„Z n‡q‡Q? K gvS iv‡Z L †kl iv‡Z
L mvgªvRëv‡ì weiæ‡× we‡`ªvn K mZK© evZ©v o cÖwZeÜKZv o †fv‡i N m~‡h©v`q c‡i
M Jcwb‡ewkKZvev‡ì weiæ‡× †møvMvb M Aïf jÿY N fq 1408. ÔivbviÕ KweZvq h_vmg‡q wbw`©ó MšÍ‡e¨ †cuŠQvi
N AZ¨vPvixi Kvivi cÖvPxi fvOvi Mvb 1392. w`MšÍ †_‡K w`M‡šÍ †K Qy‡U P‡j? `„p Av¯’vi fvewU dz‡U D‡V‡Q
1374. myKv‡šÍi KweZvq aŸwbZ AbvPvi I êl‡gï K ivbv‡ii gv o ivbvi K †evSvB RvnvR ivbvi P‡j‡Q wPwV Avi
weiæ‡× cÖej cÖwZev` Avgv‡ì Kx K‡i? M `my¨ N ivbv‡ii eÜy msev‡`
K ÿzä L weÿzä M wecøex o mPwKZ
1393. Ôw`MšÍ †_‡K w`M‡šÍ †Qv‡U ivbviÕ wPÎK‡í g~Z© n‡q‡Q L ivbvi P‡j‡Q, eywS †fvi nq nq
1375. myKvšÍ fÆvPvh© †Kvb RvZxq Kwe? o `yišÍ ivbv‡ii eû `~‡ii c_ Pjv o kn‡i ivbvi hv‡eB †cuŠ‡Q †fv‡i
K mvgvwRK AbvPviwe‡ivax Kwe
L ivbv‡ii mxgvnxb c‡_ †QvUv N G †evSv Uvbvi w`b K‡e †kl n‡e
L bvMwiK Kwe
M w`MšÍ cwien‡b ivbv‡ii Pjv‡div 1409. kZ MÖvg-c_ m‡i hvq †Kb?
o wecøex Kwe N gvbeZvwe‡ivax Kwe
N GwU GKwU Kvwe¨K e¨Äbv K c„w_exi AvwýK MwZi d‡j
1376. Kvi KweZvq wbcxwoZ MYgvby‡li cÖwZ Mfxi
ggZvi cÖKvk N‡U‡Q? 1394. ÔbZzb Lei AvbviÕ KvR wb‡q‡Q †K? o ivbv‡ii c_cwiµgvq
K i½jvj †m‡bi o myKvšÍ fÆvPv‡h©i K ivRbxwZwe` L eyw×Rxex M bZzb Lei †kvbvi †KŠZ‚n‡j
M mywbg©j emyi N ey×‡è fÆvPv‡h©i o ivbvi N QvÎmgvR N ivbvi‡K c_ K‡i w`‡Z
1377. †KvbwU myKvšÍ fÆvPvh© iwPZ Kve¨MÖš’? 1395. ÔbZzb LeiÕ ej‡Z Kx †evS? 1410. ivbv‡ii nv‡Z Kx?
K ivbvi o QvocÎ K msKUc~Y© AvšÍR©vwZK Lei K jvwV L ek©v M cwÎKv o jÉb
M AwMœexYv N AbjcÖevn L D‡ËRbvc~Y© RvZxq msev` 1411. jÉb Kx K‡i?
1378. myKvšÍ fÆvPv‡h©i ÔniZvjÕ †Kvb RvZxq MÖš’? M wkniY RvMv nZ¨v inm¨ o Av‡jv †`q L Vb&Vb& kã K‡i
K ivR‰bwZK L msMxZ o myL-`yt‡Li ARvbv Lei M †auvqv Qovq N evZv‡m Kuv‡c
M bvUK o Kve¨ 1396. ivbvi †Kgb †evSv Kuv‡a wb‡q‡Q? 1412. ÔivbviÕ KweZvq †K Av‡jv †`q?
1379. KZ mv‡j Kwe myKvšÍ fÆvPvh© gviv hvb? K bZzb Le‡ii o Rvbv-ARvbvi
o †RvbvwK L jÉb M Puv` N Zviv
o 1354 e½v‡ã L 1355 e½v‡ã M mZK© evZ©vi N ûKzg Rvwii
1413. Ôgv‰ftÕ kãwU ÔivbviÕ KweZvq †Kvb A‡_©
M 1364 e½v‡ã N 1365 e½v‡ã 1397. ivbvi Kx †evSvB K‡i P‡j‡Q? eën„Z n‡q‡Q?
1380. 1356 e½v‡ãi KZ Zvwi‡L Kwe myKvšÍ fÆvPvh© K bZzb Lei o wPwV Avi msev`
K g‡š¿v”PviY L Avwkm
gviv hvb? M UvKv-cqmv N km¨KYv
o Afqe¨ÄK N c`we
K 25 †k êkvL o 29 †k êkvL 1398. ÔeywS †fvi nq nqÕ Øviv Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q?
M 11B ˆR¨ô N 22 †k kÖveY 1414. Ôgv‰ft ivbvi! GL‡bv iv‡Zi Kv‡jv|Õ G
K m~‡h©v`‡qi c~e©vfvm L †fvi nIqvi m¤¢vebv
1381. KZ eQi eq‡m myKvšÍ fÆvPvh© g„ZzëiY K‡ib? o †fvi nIqvi k¼v N m~‡h©v`‡qi evmbv
wPÎK‡í dz‡U D‡V‡Q
K 41 eQi eq‡m L 31 eQi eq‡m o ivbv‡ii mwVK mg‡q MšÍ‡e¨ †cuŠQvi e¨MÖZv
1399. Kwe ivbvi‡K Kxfv‡e c_ Pj‡Z ej‡Qb?
o 21 eQi eq‡m N 20 eQi eq‡m L iv‡Zi Auvav‡i Ôgv‰fÕ i‡e Qy‡U Pjv
K ax‡i my‡¯’ L wX‡gZv‡j
1382. Ô29 †k êkvL 1354 mv‡j gvÎ GKzk eQi eq‡m M ivZ evwK Av‡Q e‡j ivbv‡ii RcZ‡c
M ¯^vfvweK Q‡›`
Kwe g„ZzëiY K‡ib|Õ G ev‡K¨ cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q o AviI †Rv‡i, AviI †Rv‡i
g‡bvwb‡ek
K AšÍa©vb L wZ‡ivavb N iv‡Zi fq n‡Z gyw³ †c‡Z ivbv‡ii gv‰ft
1400. ÔivbviÕ KweZvq ewY©Z ivbvi †Kgb?
M gnvcÖqvY o AKvj cÖqvY g‡š¿v”PviY
K fxiæ L Ajm
1383. evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ Kv‡K ÔwK‡kvi KweÕ ejv nq? o `ye©vi `yR©q N PvjvK PZzi
1415. ÔGgwb K‡iB Rxe‡bi eû eQi‡K wcQy †d‡jÕ G
o myyKvšÍ fÆvPvh©‡K wPÎK‡í dz‡U IVv wb‡Pi †Kvb hyw³wU mvg_©b‡hvM¨?
1401. ÔivbviÕ KweZvq `vwqZ¡ cvj‡b ivbv‡ii A`g¨
L KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg‡K o Rxe‡bi eû eQie¨vcx ivbvi Zvi `vwqZ¡
M Avj gvngy`‡K N kvgmyi ivngvb‡K
I `ywb©evi fvewU dz‡U D‡V‡Q †Kvb welqwUi
gva¨‡g? cvjb Ki‡Q
g~jcvVcvVëB; c„ôv 270-271 K ivbvi P‡j‡Q ivbvi o G ivbvi `ye©vi `yR©q L ivbvi Zvi `vwqZ¡ cvj‡bi wnmve iv‡Lwb
M ivbvi! ivbvi! N ivbvi! MÖv‡gi ivbvi! M Rxe‡bi ¯^‡cœi g‡Zv ivbv‡ii RxebI
1384. ÔivbviÕ kãwU ÔivbviÕ KweZvi †Kvb A‡_©
eën„Z n‡q‡Q? 1402. avegvb ivbv‡ii wcQ‡b e‡bi m‡i hvIqv‡K wcQ‡b m‡i †M‡Q
K †`Šowe` o WvK niKiv Kwe wK‡mi mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i‡Qb? N ivbv‡ii Rxeb eQ‡ii ci eQi †`Šov‡Z
M †evSvB RvnvR N †fv‡ii m~h© K nwi‡Yi L `ytmg‡qi †K‡U †M‡Q
1385. ÔSzgSzgÕ k‡ã Kx evR‡Q? o Rxe‡bi ¯^‡cœi 1416. ÔivbviÕ ÿzwaZ †Kb?
K wUb fwZ© gywo L †KuvPi fwZ© †e_yj N `ye©vi MwZ‡Z c_ Pjvi K Lvqwb e‡j
M WzMWzwM o NÈv 1403. ÔeywS nq jvj I c~e© †Kv‡Y|Õ ej‡Z Kwe Kx L Awfgv‡b Lvevi Lvqwb
1386. ivbvi c_ Pj‡Q eywS‡q‡Qb? o N‡i‡Z Afve
o iv‡Z L †fv‡i M `ycy‡i N weKv‡j K †ij †÷k‡bi jvj wmMb¨vj N Afz³ Ae¯’vq ivbv‡ii `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡Z nq
1387. ivbvi Kx nv‡Z c_ Pj‡Q? o m~‡h©v`q 1417. Kx AvKvk Quy‡q‡Q?
K ek©v L jÉb M WvKN‡ii jvj WvK ev· K ivbv‡ii nZvkv L ivbv‡ii †ÿvf
o Le‡ii †evSv N jvwV N jÉ‡bi Av‡jv M ivbv‡ii ¯^cœ o ivbv‡ii K¬všÍk¦vm
1388. Ôivbvi P‡j‡Q Le‡ii †evSv nv‡ZÕ G wPÎK‡í 1404. iv‡Zi Zviviv AevK †Pv‡L ZvKvq †Kb? 1418. wK‡m gvwU wf‡R †M‡Q?
dz‡U IVv wb‡Pi †Kvb hyw³wU mg_©b‡hvM¨? o ivbv‡ii Pjvi †eM †`‡L K e„wó‡Z L wkwk‡i o Nv‡g N AkÖæ‡Z
K ivbvi Le‡ii †evSv e‡q Pj‡Q L ivbv‡ii wPwVi †evSv †`‡L 1419. ÒAvKvk †Quvqv K¬vwšÍ Avi Rwg‡b wfwR‡q †Ìqv
L Le‡ii †evSv ivbvi nv‡Z K‡i wb‡q P‡j‡Q M ivbv‡ii Avbv bZzb Le‡i Ng©v³ K‡je‡i ivbvi `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡i|Ó
o ivbvi Leivw` †cuŠQv‡bvi `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡Q ivbv‡ii Rxe‡bi GB cÖK…wZ dz‡U D‡V‡Q †Kvb
N ivbv‡ii NÈv mv‡_ evRvi k‡ã
N ivbvi Lei bvgK cwÎKv wewji KvR Ki‡Q
1405. ÔivbviÕ KweZvq ivbv‡ii MwZ‡e‡Mi mv‡_ Kwe cO&w³wUi mv_©K cÖ‡qv‡Mi gva¨‡g?
1389. Ôivbvi P‡j‡Q, ivbvi|Õ G wPÎK‡í dz‡U D‡V‡Q wK‡mi mv`„k¨ Luy‡R †c‡q‡Qb? K w`MšÍ †_‡K w`M‡šÍ †QvU ivbvi
o wbišÍi c_ Pjv
K Rvnv‡Ri o nwi‡Yi L Av‡iv †Rv‡i, Av‡iv †Rv‡i, G ivbvi `ye©vi `yR©q
L SzgSzg kã Zz‡j c_ Pjv
M e‡bi N Zvivi M †Kgb K‡i G ivbvi m‡e‡M nwi‡Yi g‡Zv hvq
M Le‡ii †evSv nv‡Z Qy‡U Pjv
1406. ÔAevK iv‡Zi Zviviv, AvKv‡k wgU&wgU& K‡i o K¬všÍk¦vm Quy‡q‡Q AvKvk, gvwU wf‡R †M‡Q Nv‡g
N iv‡Zi AÜKv‡i Qy‡U Pjv
1390. ivbvi iv‡Zi c‡_ c‡_ P‡j †Kb? PvqÕ G wPÎK‡í g~Z© n‡q‡Q 1420. Aí `v‡g Kx †Kbv n‡q‡Q?
K ivbvi iv‡Z c_ P‡j Af¨¯Í K Zviv‡ì wgU& wgU& K‡i R¡jv o ivbv‡ii Rxe‡bi me ivZ
o Lye †fv‡i WvK †cuŠQv‡Z n‡e L Zviv‡ì AevK †Pv‡L ZvKv‡bv L Rxe‡bi me ¯^cœ
M w`‡b c_ Pjvq bvbv Sv‡gjv o Zvivi Av‡jvq ivbv‡ii Awek¦vm¨ MwZ‡Z c_Pjv M ivbv‡ii enb Kiv †evSv
N iv‡Zi evav †ciæ‡Z ivbvi cQ›` K‡i N ivbv‡ii m‡e‡M nwi‡Yi g‡Zv avIqv N ivbv‡ii me© Kg©cÖ‡Póv
1421. ÁRxe‡bi me ivwÎ‡K Iiv wK‡b‡Q Aí `v‡g|Ó 1438. ì‡` Kvi †PvL wgwUwgwU Kuv‡c? 1455. ivbviiv n‡jv
GLv‡b ÔIivÕ ej‡Z Kv‡K †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? K e‡bi o Zvivi M wcÖqvi N Z…‡Yi i. cwikÖgx ii. `vwqZ¡kxj
K ivbvi L miKvi 1439. Kvi ì‡` Zvivi †PvL Kuv‡c? iii. Afvex
o iv‡ó«i myweav‡fvMx †kÖwY K `ytwLbx wcÖqvi L nwiYxi wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
N iv‡ó«i cÖwZwµqvkxj kw³ M `myï ¯¿xi o ivbv‡ii Ki L i I ii o i, ii I iii N iii
1422. ÔivbviÕ KweZvq wcÖqv GKv kh¨vq wewb`ª ivZ 1440. ivbvi‡K †fv‡ii AvKvk †Kgb wPwV cvVv‡e? 1456. ivbv‡ii Qy‡U Pjvi KviY
Rv‡M †Kb? K Awfb‡›ì o mnvbyf‚wZi i. †gBj WvK †cuŠ‡Q †Ìqv
K bZzb Le‡ii cÖZ¨vkvq M Af‡qi N Zvw”Q‡jï ii. kn‡i m~h© IVvi msev` †Ìqv
o ivbv‡ii wei‡n 1441. ivbvi wK‡m ÿ‡q hv‡”Q? iii. wPwV Avi msev` †cuŠ‡Q †Ìqv
M evevi evwoi wPwV Avm‡e e‡j K AwZwi³ kÖ‡g L msmv‡ii AkvwšÍ‡Z wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
N ivbv‡ii m‡½ ivM K‡i M UvKvi †evSv e‡q o ÿzavi K¬vwšÍ‡Z Ki L i I ii o i I iii N iii
1423. ÔivbviÕ KweZvq Kwe wK‡mi w`b †kl nIqvi 1442. Ômgq n‡q‡Q bZzb Lei AvbviÕ Kwei G K_v 1457. ÔivbviÕ KweZvq ivbv‡ii RxebhvÎvi wb¤œwjwLZ
K_v e‡j‡Qb? ejvi KviY êwkó¨ cvIqv hvq
o †evSv Uvbvi w`b L ¯^cœ †`Lvi w`b i. `ye©vi, `yR©q I `y`©g
K †fvi n‡q‡Q L m~h© D‡V‡Q
M K¬všÍk¦v‡m AvKvk †Quvqvi w`b ii. Ajm, fxiæ I `ye©j
o cwieZ©‡bi w`b G‡m‡Q
N Nv‡g gvwU †fRvi w`b iii. Afvex, weinx I ¯^cœPvix
N kn‡i ivbvi †cuŠ‡Q wM‡q‡Q
1424. ÔivbviÕ KweZvq Kwei †evSv Uvbvi w`b †kl wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
1443. ÔivbviÕ KweZvq wK‡mi wPwV wb‡q Pjvi K_v
nIqvi K_v ejvi KviY ejv n‡q‡Q? Ki L ii o i I iii N iii
K G †evSv Lye fvix
K weiwnYx wcÖqvi L wcZ…KvZi mšÍv‡bi
o G †evSv Amxg K‡ói, A‡kl eÂbvi Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
M miKvwi Av‡`‡ki o kc‡_i
M ivZ †kl n‡q Avm‡Q e‡j  DÏxcKwU c‡o 1458 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
1444. ÔivbviÕ KweZvq Kwe Kx wcQ‡b †dj‡Z e‡j‡Qb?
N wcÖqv GKv kh¨vq wewb`ª ivZ RvMvq mygb †ek †¯^”QvPvix| me KvRB `vqmviv †Mv‡Q †kl
K AjmZv o fxiæZv
1425. ÔivZÕ kãwU ÔivbviÕ KweZvq †Kvb A‡_© eën„Z n‡q‡Q? K‡i| B”Qvg‡Zv Awd‡m hvZvqvZ K‡i| GKw`b
M ¯^cœ N nZvkv
K ivwÎ L Auvavi Riæwi mfv Dcj‡ÿ Kg©KZ©v Awd‡m G‡m †`‡Lb †MU
M A¯úóZv o `yt‡Li cÖni
1445. ÔivbviÕ KweZvq Kwe Kx †cuŠ‡Q †Ìqvi K_v e‡j‡Qb?
o bZzb Lei L Dbœq‡bi Lei
eÜ| d‡j mg¯Í Av‡qvRb cÐ n‡q hvq| [Aby-3]
1426. ÔivbviÕ KweZvq eën„Z Ôm~hÕ© wK‡mi cÖZxK? 1458. DÏxc‡Ki mygb I ÔivbviÕ KweZvi ivbvi-Gi
o mg„× fwel¨‡Zi L WvK †cuŠQvi M gvwb AW©vi N cv‡m©j
1446. ÔbZzb LeiÕ †Kv_vq †cuŠQ‡Z n‡e? mv`„‡kï w`KwU n‡jv Zviv Df‡qB
M w`‡bi m~Pbvi N KvR †kl nIqvi i. PvKwiRxex ii. `vwqZ¡ m‡PZb
1427. †Kv_vq Afve? K WvKN‡i L bv‡q‡ei KvPvwi‡Z
iii. †mev`vbKvix
K cwÎKvq o N‡i‡Z o AMÖMwZi Ô†g‡jÕ N kn‡i
M evRv‡i N Wv÷we‡bi kãv_© I UxKvcvVëB; c„ôv 271-272 ki L ii I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii
1428. ivbvi c„w_exUv‡K Kx g‡b K‡i?  DÏxcKwU c‡o 1459 I 1460bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
K Av‡jvKgq L `ywe©ln 1447. ÔWvK niKivÕi ÔWvKÕ kãwU Kx A‡_© eën„Z nq?
K AvnŸvb L wPrKvi †mKv‡j kx‡Zi ïiæ n‡ZB MÖv‡g MÖv‡g
M cy®úKkh¨v o Kv‡jv †auvqv
M KÉ¯î o wPwVcÎvw` ev‡qv‡¯‹vcIqvjv‡ì †`Lv wgjZ| WzM& WzM& WzM&,
1429. ivbv‡ii Kv‡Q c„w_exUv ÔKv‡jv †auvqvÕ g‡b nq
1448. Ônwi‡Yi g‡Zv hvqÕ GwU Kx? Wz¸i Wz¸i-i ie& kã ïb‡Z †c‡jB †Q‡j
†Kb? [Aby-1]
o Dcgv L wPÎKí M Abyl½ N `„óvšÍ
†QvKoviv Ni-evwo, g³e, cvVkvjv †Q‡o
K †gNv”Qbœ _vKvq
1449. Ô†fvi †Zv n‡q‡Q AvKvk n‡q‡Q jvjÕ cO&w³wU iv¯Ívq R‡ov n‡Zv| bvbv evnvwi †cvkvK c‡i
k Afv‡ei Zvobvq
Avi Ô†`L‡e .... ev‡qv‡¯‹vcÕ †nu‡K Giv MÖvg-
M m~h© bv IVvq ivbvi KweZvq eën„Z n‡q‡Q
N KjKviLvbvi Kvi‡Y
evsjvq we‡bv`b †dwi K‡i †eovZ|
K AvwfavwbK A‡_© L AvÿwiK A‡_©
1430. ivbv‡ii N‡ii eY©bvq Avgiv mvgvwRK Rxe‡bi 1459. ev‡qv‡¯‹vcIqvjvi mg_©b cvIhv hvq ÔivbviÕ
o cÖZxKx A‡_© N evP¨v‡_©
†Kvb w`KwU Luy‡R cvB? KweZvi
o ivbv‡ii KóKi Rxeb cvV cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 272 K weiwnYx wcÖqvi g‡a¨ o ivbv‡ii g‡a¨
L ivbv‡ii wcÖqvi GKv wbNy©g ivZ hvcb 1450. ÔivbviÕ KweZvwU Kv‡ì wb‡q †jLv? M nwi‡Yi g‡a¨ N iv‡Zi Zvivi g‡a¨
M Qv-†cvlv Kg©Pvix‡ì nv-fv‡Z Rxeb K Pvwl‡ì L gy‡U‡ì 1460. ev‡qv‡¯‹vcIqvjvi g‡a¨ ÔivbviÕ KweZvi cÖwZdwjZ w`K
N bvixi cÖwZ Ae‡njvi wPÎ M †PŠwK`vi‡ì o ivbvi‡ì i. c_ Pjvi e¨Äbv ii. N‡i Afve
1431. ivbv‡ii wc‡V wK‡mi †evSv? iii. Kv‡Ri Avb›`
1451. ÔivbviÕ KweZvi DcRxe¨ n‡jv
K wPwVi L Le‡ii o UvKvi N `yt‡Li
K PvKwiRxex gvbyl o kÖgRxex gvbyl
1432. ivbvi Zvi wc‡Vi UvKv Quy‡Z cv‡e bv †Kb? Ki L ii o i I ii N iii
M Mwie-`ytLx gvbyl N †kvwlZ-ewÂZ gvbyl
K f‡q o `vwqZ¡‡ev‡ai Kvi‡Y  DÏxcKwU c‡o 1461 I 1462bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
M N„Yvq N kÖ×vq
1452. ivbvi‡ì KvR Kx?
Ii bvg †h eyjeyj †mUvB MZ `y-Pvi eQ‡i
1433. `myï f‡qi †P‡qI ivbvi m~h© IVv‡K †ewk fq K iv‡Z c_ Pjv
Rvbv nqwb| MZ mßv‡n nVvr K‡i evmvi
cvq †Kb? [Aby-2] L UvKvi †evSv enb Kiv
cwÎKv Avmv eÜ n‡q †Mj| bZzb nKvi cwÎKv
K PvKwi nviv‡bvi Rb¨ o MÖvnK‡ì Kv‡Q wPwVcÎvw` †cuŠ‡Q †Ìqv
w`‡Z Avmvq Zvi KvQ †_‡K Rvbjvg Avgv‡ì
L WvK bv cvIqvi f‡q N NÈv evwR‡q c_ Pjv
c~‡e©i nKv‡ii bvg wQj eyjeyj| wQj ejwQ,
M evwo †divi Zvov _vKvq 1453. ÔivbviÕ KweZvq Kx jÿ Kiv hvq? KviY I GLb †bB| MZ mßv‡n NvZK Uªv‡Ki
k `vwqZ¡‡ev‡ai Kvi‡Y K †ckvRxex wn‡m‡e Zv‡ì `ÿZv Pvcvq I gviv †M‡Q| Av”Qv, Awd‡m cwÎKvq
1434. Kvi `yt‡Li wPwV †KD †Kv‡bvw`bI co‡e bv? L Afvex wn‡m‡e Zv‡ì msmv‡ii Afve wK G LeiwU †Pv‡L c‡o‡Q?
K AevK Zvivi o ivbv‡ii o gvbyl wn‡m‡e Zv‡ì gnË¡ 1461. eyjey‡ji Rxe‡bi KiæY cwiYwZ ÔivbviÕ
M weiwnYx wcÖqvi N e‡bi nwi‡Yi N ¯^vgx wn‡m‡e ¯¿xi cÖwZ Zv‡ì Ae‡njv KweZvi Kv‡K Bw½Z K‡i?
1435. Kvi `yt‡Li K_v kni I MÖv‡gi †KD Rvb‡e bv?
K †fv‡ii AvKvk L iv‡Zi Zviv
o ivbv‡ii L AvKv‡ki Zvivi eûc`x mgvwßm~PK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi M `ytwLbx ea~ o AÁvZ _vKv ivbvi
M e‡bi nwi‡Yi N weiwnYx wcÖqvi
1454. ÔivbviÕ KweZvi cÖavb êwkó¨ n‡jv 1462. DÏxc‡Ki eyjey‡ji cwiYwZ ÔivbviÕ KweZvi †h
1436. Kv‡jv iv‡Zi Lv‡g Kvi K_v XvKv c‡o _vK‡e?
i. ivbv‡ii Kó I wec`msKzj Rxeb-RxweKv Pi‡Y dz‡U D‡V‡Q
K Awfgvbx wcÖqvi L `my¨ m`©v‡ii
ii. †ckvi cÖwZ ivbv‡ii kÖ×v I KZ©e¨wbôv i. Gi Rxe‡bi `ytL †Kej Rvb‡e c‡_i Z…Y
M AvKv‡ki Zvivi o ivbv‡ii
1437. ÔivbviÕ KweZvq eën„Z ÔKv‡jv ivwÎi LvgÕ iii. K‡ói Kvwjgv `~i K‡i my‡Li †mvbvwj ii. Gi `yt‡Li K_v Rvb‡e bv †KD kn‡i I MÖv‡g
ej‡Z Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? w`‡bi evZ©v iii. Gi K_v XvKv c‡o _vK‡eB Kv‡jv ivwÎi Lv‡g
K †kvlY eÂbv L K¬vwšÍ nZvkv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
o AeÁv Ae‡njv N `yt‡L-†kv‡K Ki L ii M iii o i, ii I iii Ki L i I ii o i, ii I iii N iii
KweZv 12 †Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨, †n ¯^vaxbZv  kvgmyi ivngvb

cvVëB we‡kølY 1475. Ô†Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨, †n ¯^vaxbZvÕ KweZvq 1486. Ô†Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨, †n ¯^vaxbZvÕ KweZvwU
GKUv KzKzi †Kv_vq AvZ©bv` K‡i‡Q? kvgmyi ivngv‡bi †Kvb Kv‡eï AšÍf³z© ?
K fvMv‡o K wbR evmf‚‡g
mvaviY eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi o cÖfzi ev¯‘wfUvi fMœ¯Í‚‡c o e›`x wkwei †_‡K
Kwe cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 274 M dzUcv‡_ M evsjv‡`k ¯^cœ `¨v‡L
1463. kvgmyi ivngvb KZ mv‡j Rš§MÖnY K‡ib? N RjcvB i‡Oi U¨vs‡Ki cv‡k N eyK Zvi evsjv‡`‡ki n„`q
K 1928 mv‡j o 1929 mv‡j 1476. Ôgv-evevnxb mwRe wgqv cywónxbZvq K¼vjmviÕ 1487. Kviv evOvwj‡ì ¯^vaxbZv niY K‡iwQj?
M 1930 mv‡j N 1931 mv‡j mwRe wgqvi mv‡_ Ô†Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨, †n K fviZxqiv L cvÄvweiv
1464. Kv‡ì Rxe‡bi cÖZ¨vkv, nZvkv I msMÖvg ¯^vaxbZvÕ KweZvi wgj i‡q‡Q Kvi? o cvwK¯Ívwbiv N evjyPiv
kvgmyi ivngv‡bi KweZvq wea„Z? K gZje wgqvi L nwi`vmxi
M mvwKbv wewei o Abv_ wK‡kvixi
K Muv‡qi K…lK-gRyi o ga¨weË bvMwiK
M ew¯Íi kÖgRxex gvbyl N D”PweË AwfRvZ 1477. †gNbv b`xi †Kvb Ae¯’vq ÔMvRx MvRxÕ 1488. QvÎvevm, ew¯Í DRvo nIqvi KviY
1465. kvgmyi ivngvb KZ mv‡j g„ZzëiY K‡ib? D”PvwiZ nq? i. K‡jivi gnvgvix
K 2005 mv‡j o 2006 mv‡j K kvšÍ Ae¯’vq o DÏvg S‡ov Ae¯’vq ii. nvbv`vi evwnbxi AvMÖvmb
M 2007 mv‡j N 2008 mv‡j M ¯Íä wbSzg Auvav‡i N `ycy‡i cÖLi †iv‡` iii. ¯^vaxbZvi `vwe DÌvcb
1478. Ô¯^vaxbZvÕ n‡jv GKwU †`‡ki cÖ‡Z¨K bvMwi‡Ki wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
g~jcvVcvVëB; c„ôv 274-275 o Rš§MZ AwaKvi L msMÖv‡gi dmj Ki o ii M i I iii N ii I iii
1466. Ô†Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨, †n ¯^vaxbZvÕ KweZvi M AvKv•ÿvi ab N wejv‡mi e¯‘ 1489. dzmdzm GLb †cvKvi `L‡j ej‡Z †evSv‡bv
cÖ_g PiY †KvbwU? 1479. iæ¯Íg †k‡Li dzmdzm GLb †cvKvi `L‡j †Kb? n‡q‡Q
K †Zvgv‡K cvIqv R‡b¨, †n ¯^vaxbZv, o iæ¯Íg †kL GLb g„Z e‡j i. g„Z Ae¯’v
†Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨ L iæ¯Íg †k‡Li hÿ¥v n‡q‡Q ZvB ii. hÿ¥v AvµvšÍ †ivMx
o †Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨, †n ¯^vaxbZv M iæ¯Íg †kL wiKkvIqvjv e‡j iii. dzmdz‡mi K¨vÝvi
M Zzwg Avm‡e e‡j, †n ¯^vaxbZv N iæ¯Íg †kL miKvwi mnvqZv MÖnY K‡iwb wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
N ¯^vaxbZv, †Zvgvi R‡b¨ 1480. †ZwR ZiæY ivB‡dj Kuv‡a e‡b-R½‡j Ny‡i oi L ii M iii N ii I iii
1467. ¯^vaxbZv‡K cvIqvi Rb¨ nwi`vmxi †eovq †Kb? 1490. Ô†Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨, †n ¯^vaxbZvÕ KweZvq
K Nievwo QvB n‡jv o wmuw_i wmu`yi gy‡Q †Mj K cï-cvwL wkKvi Ki‡Z iæ¯Íg †k‡Li mv‡_ m¤úK© i‡q‡Q
M c½yZ¡ †g‡b wb‡Z n‡jv L eb`my¨‡ì nZ¨v Ki‡Z i. †bŠKvi
N fvi‡Z cvwj‡q †h‡Z n‡jv o ¯^vaxbZv AR©‡b kÎæ nbb Ki‡Z ii. wiKkvi
1468. Ô†Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨, †n ¯^vaxbZvÕ KweZvq N A¨vW‡fÂv‡ii †ivgv‡Â iii. dzmdz‡mi †cvKvi
nwi`vmxi wmuw_i wmu`yi gy‡Q †Mj †Kb? 1481. †ZwR Ziæ‡Yi wK‡m GKwU bZzb c„w_exi Rš§ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K b`xi fvO‡b L moK `yN©Ubvq n‡Z P‡j‡Q? K i I ii L i I iii o ii I iii N i, ii I iii
o ¯^vaxbZvhy‡× ¯^vgx kwn` nIqvq K ivB‡d‡ji ¸wj‡Z L K‡Éi msMx‡Z
M †Vuv‡Ui wk‡m o c`fv‡i
1491. †ZwR ZiæY ivB‡dj Kuv‡a e‡b-R½‡j Ny‡i †eovq
N bvB‡Z wM‡q wmuw_i wmu`yi gy‡Q †M‡Q i. ¯^vaxbZvi R‡b¨
1469. Ô†Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨, †n ¯^vaxbZvÕ KweZvq 1482. †Kgb †NvlYvi aŸwb-cÖwZaŸwb Zz‡j ¯^vaxbZv Avm‡e?
K AvbyôvwbK †NvlYvi ii. kÎæ nb‡bi R‡b¨
ewY©Z U¨vs‡Ki is Kx iKg? iii. A¨vW‡fÂv‡ii †ivgv‡Â
o RjcvB L Kgjv M Kv‡jv N iæcvwj L †UwjMÖvg gvidZ †NvlYvi
o R¡jšÍ †NvlYvi wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
1470. `vb‡ei g‡Zv wPrKvi Ki‡Z Ki‡Z Kx G‡mwQj? [Aby. 1] Ki L iii o i I ii N i, ii I iii
K cvK‡mbv o U¨vsK N †iwWIi †NvlYvi
M gvwS N ivB‡dj kãv_© I UxKvcvVëB; c„ôv 275 Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
1471. ¯^vaxbZv Avm‡e e‡j QvÎvev‡mi mv‡_ DRvo n‡jv 1483. mbvZb a‡g© wmuw_i wmu`yi gy‡Q †djv nq †Kb?
K wek¦we`¨vjq L †`vKvbcvU K ¯^vgx mgy`ª cvwo w`‡j
o ew¯Í N gvìvmv o ¯^vgx gviv †M‡j
wPb‡Z bvwK †mvbvi †Q‡j
1472. ÔZzwg Avm‡e e‡j †n ¯^vaxbZv M ¯^vgx cÖev‡m †M‡j N ¯^vgx hy‡× †M‡j ÿzwìvg‡K wPb‡Z?
QvÎvevm ew¯Í DRvo n‡jvÕ ÔQvÎvevm ew¯Í DRvo 1484. Ô†Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨, †n ¯^vaxbZvÕ KweZvq iæ×k¦v‡m cÖvY w`j †h
n‡jvÕ G cO&w³‡Z wK‡mi wPÎ Av‡Q? [Aby. 2] cvwK¯Ívwb †mbviv MÖv‡gi ci MÖvg Kx K‡i? gyKZ evZvm wKb‡Z| [Aby. 3-4]
K ¯^vaxbZvi myi o aŸs‡mi wPÎ o cywo‡q †`q L Dbœqb NUvq 1492. DÏxc‡Ki ÿzwìvg Ô†Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨, †n
M MY-Av‡›`vj‡bi iƒc N gyw³hy‡×i cUf‚wg M dzj-dm‡j fwi‡q †`q ¯^vaxbZvÕ KweZvq Kv‡ì cÖwZwbwaZ¡ K‡i
1473. Ô†Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨, †n ¯^vaxbZvÕ KweZvq N myL-kvwšÍ‡Z c~Y© K‡i †Zv‡j i. gyw³‡hv×v‡ì
mMxi Avjxi evwo n‡jv cvV cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 276 ii. Avcvgi Rbmvavi‡Yi
o kvnevRcy‡i L kn‡ii cÖv‡šÍ iii. AvZ¥Z¨vMx gvbyl‡ì
1485. cvVëB‡qi Ô†Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨, †n
M DRvo Kiv ew¯Í‡Z N †R‡jcvovq ¯^vaxbZvÕ KweZvwU kvgmyi ivngv‡bi †Kvb wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
1474. ¯^vaxbZv Avm‡e e‡j MÖv‡gi ci MÖvg Kx n‡q‡Q? Kve¨MÖš’ †_‡K †bIqv n‡q‡Q? K i I ii o i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K myRjv-mydjv-km¨-k¨vgjv K †iŠ`ª K‡ivwU‡Z L wbiv‡jv‡K wèï_ 1493. Giƒc cÖwZwbwa‡Z¡i KviY Kx?
L bvbv i‡Oi mv‡R mw¾Z M cÖ_g Mvb wØZxq g„Zzï Av‡M K HK¨‡PZbv L ¯^vRvZ¨‡eva
o cy‡o QvB N Av‡jv Sjgj o kvgmyi ivngv‡bi †kÖô KweZv o †`k‡cÖg N mvnwmKZv
KweZv 13 Avgvi cwiPq  ˆmq` kvgmyj nK

cvVëB we‡kølY 1496. ÔGK`v GK iv‡R¨Õ ˆmq` kvgmyj n‡Ki †Kvb 1499. ÔAvgvi cwiPqÕ KweZvq Kwe evsjvi cwjgvwU‡Z
ai‡bi iPbv? P‡jb
mvaviY eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi o Kve¨MÖš’ L MíMÖš’ M Dcb¨vm N bvUK K nv‡Zi wPý †d‡j
1497. Ôe„wó I we‡`ªvnxMYÕ n‡jv ˆmq` kvgmyj n‡Ki o cv‡qi wPý †d‡j
Kwe cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 282 K Kve¨MÖš’ L MíMÖš’ o Dcb¨vm N bvUK M `ªæZ‡e‡M
1494. ˆmq` kvgmyj nK KZ mv‡j Rš§MÖnY K‡ib? N axiMwZ‡Z
o 1935 mv‡j L 1936 mv‡j g~jcvVcvVëB; c„ôv 282 1500. ÔAvgvi cwiPqÕ KweZvq D‡jøwLZ b`xi msL¨v KZ? [Aby. 1]
M 1937 mv‡j N 1938 mv‡j 1498. ÔAvgvi cwiPqÕ KweZvq evOvwj RvwZ †Kv_vq K 1200 o 1300 M 1400 N 1500
1495. ˆmq` kvgmyj nK jvf K‡ib Rš§ wb‡q‡Q? 1501. ÔAvgvi cwiPqÕ KweZvq Kwe Ph©vc‡ì †Kvb
K ¯^vaxbZv c`K o GKz‡k c`K K Av‡gwiKvq L d«v‡Ý Dcv`vb †_‡K G‡m‡Qb?
M AvjvIj mvwnZ¨ cyi¯‹vi N Avb›` cyi¯‹vi M Rvg©v‡b o evsjvq K cO&w³ o Aÿi M Q›` N fve
1502. ÔAvwg †Zv G‡mwQ Ph©vc‡ì Aÿi¸‡jv †_‡KÕ 1514. †nv‡mb kv‡ni ivRZ¡Kvj KZ? 1526. AvZ¥gh©v`v‡eva m¤úbœ GB ¯^vaxb mve©‡fŠg ivó«
GLv‡b ÔPh©vc‡ì Aÿi¸‡jvÕ ej‡Z Kwe Kx K 14631481 wLª. L 14761498 wLª. I RvwZmËv cÖwZôvi cðv‡Z Kx Av‡Q?
eywS‡q‡Qb? [Aby. 2] M 14891508 wLª. o 14931519 wLª. o BwZnvm L HwZn¨ M ms¯‹…wZ N msMÖvg
K AZxZ HwZn¨ L mvs¯‹…wZK iƒc 1515. ÔAvgvi cwiPqÕ KweZvq Kwe gymwjg HwZ‡nï
M HwZnvwmK cUf‚wg o mvs¯‹…wZK cwiPq wb`k©b †evSv‡Z wK‡mi K_v D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb? eûc`x mgvwßm~PK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
1503. ÔAvgvi cwiPqÕ KweZvq Kwe Kv‡ì wWOvi K ˆKeZ© we‡`ªv‡ni L †eŠ×wenv‡ii 1527. evOvwj Ph©vc‡ì Aÿi¸‡jv †_‡K G‡m‡Q
eni †_‡K G‡m‡Qb e‡j D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb? o †mvbvgmwR‡ì N Kgjvi `xwNi ej‡Z †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q
K cvj‡ì L bvweK‡ì 1516. wZZzgxi KZ mv‡j Rš§MÖnY K‡ib? i. Ph©vc‡` evOvwji cwiPq cvIqv hvq
o mI`vMi‡ì N †R‡j‡ì K 1762 L 1768 M 1772 o 1782 ii. Ph©vc‡ì Aÿi †_‡K evOvwj RvwZi D™¢e
1504. †Kvb MÖ‡š’i Rb¨ iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi †bv‡ej cyi¯‹vi cvb? 1517. ag©‡K AvkÖq K‡i Kzms¯‹v‡ii weiæ‡× nvRx iii. Ph©vc` evsjvi GKgvÎ mvwnZ¨
K ejvKv L †mvbvi Zix kixqZzjøvni †h Av‡›`vjb Zv‡K Kx e‡j? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
o MxZvÄwj N wPÎv K Invwe Av‡›`vjb o div‡qwR Av‡›`vjb oi L ii M i I ii N ii I iii
1505. ÔAwMœexYvÕ Kve¨MÖ‡š’i iPwqZv n‡jb M kixqZzjøvn Av‡›`vjb N dwKi Av‡›`vjb 1528. Ph©vc‡ì m‡½ m¤úK© i‡q‡Q
K iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi o KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg 1518. ÿzwìvg emyi Rš§-g„Zz¨ K‡e? i. †eŠ× mnwRqv‡ì
M Rxebvb›` `vk N myKvšÍ fÆvPvh© K 1879-1909 L 1880-1909
ii. †bcv‡ji ivRìev‡ii
M 1886-1906 o 1889-1908
kãv_© I UxKvcvVëB; c„ôv 283 1519. ÿzwìvg †Kv_vq Rš§MÖnY K‡ib?
iii. nicÖmv` kv¯¿xi
1506. ÔAvjc_Õ k‡ãi A_© Kx? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K kixqZcy‡i o †gw`bxcy‡i
K mvg‡bi c_ L †cQ‡bi c_ K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii o i, ii I iii
M †kicy‡i N enigcy‡i
M cv‡ki c_ o Rwgi mxgvbvi c_ 1520. Rqbyj Av‡ew`‡bi Rš§-g„Zz¨ mvj KZ? 1529. ˆKeZ© wQj
1507. Ph©vc‡ì cvÐywjwc †K Avwe®‹vi K‡ib? o 1914-1976 L 1915-1975 i. evOvwj RvwZi we‡`ªvn
K emšÍ iÄb ivq weØjøf M 1916-1976 N 1917-1977 ii. cvwK¯Ívwb RvwZi we‡`ªvn
o nicÖmv` kv¯¿x 1521. Rqbyj Av‡ew`b Kx wn‡m‡e L¨vZ? iii. muvIZvj‡ì we‡`ªvn
M W. gyn¤§` knx`yjøvn K wkícwZ o wkívPvh© wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
N W. mybxwZKzgvi P‡Ævcva¨vq M wkí¸iæ N wkícÖwZg oi L i I ii M i I iii N i, ii I iii
1508. Ph©vc‡ì cvÐywjwc †Kv_v †_‡K D×vi Kiv nq? 1522. †Kvb Av‡›`vj‡bi mvd‡jï c_ a‡i ¯^vaxbZv
K Avmv‡gi ivRìevi †_‡K m~wPZ nq? Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
L wenv‡ii ivRìevi †_‡K o 1952 mv‡ji fvlv Av‡›`vjb
M AvMiZjvi ivRìevi †_‡K  DÏxcKwU c‡o 1530 I 1531bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
L 1954 mv‡ji hy³d«›U
o †bcv‡ji ivRìevi †_‡K Dcgnv‡`‡k kvmb eë¯’vi µgweKvk m¤^‡Ü cov‡Z
M 1969-Gi MYAfz¨Ìvb
1509. ÔˆKeZ© we‡`ªvnÕ Kvi weiæ‡× n‡qwQj? wM‡q Rbve †gvt Kvgiæ¾vgvb avivevwnKfv‡e cvj,
N 1962 mv‡ji wkÿv Av‡›`vjb
o gnxcv‡ji L jÿ¥Y †m‡bi 1523. e½eÜy †kL gywReyi ingv‡bi Rš§-g„Zz¨ mvj †KvbwU? †mb, †gvMj, cvVvb BZ¨vw` kvmK‡Mvôxi kvmbKvj
M `ki‡_i N ˆKeZ© †m‡bi K 1918-1975 L 1919-1975 I kvmb eë¯’v wb‡q Av‡jvPbv K‡ib| G
1510. ˆKeZ© we‡`ªvn KLb msNwUZ nq? o 1920-1975 N 1922-1975 mgqKv‡ji ¯’vc‡Zï wb`k©b¯îƒc †ekwKQy wel‡qi
K AvbygvwbK 1000-35 wLª. c~. 1524. Kvi †bZ…‡Z¡ 1971 mv‡j evsjv‡`k D‡jøL K‡ib| [Aby. 3-4]
L AvbygvwbK 1000-45 wLª. c~. ¯^vaxbZvhy‡× Rqjvf K‡i? 1530. DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ ÔAvgvi cwiPqÕ KweZvi mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q
M AvbygvwbK 1000-55 wLª. c~. K Aebx›`ªbv_ VvKzi L wZZzgxi i. RvwZMZ cwiP‡qi
o AvbygvwbK 1070-77 wLª. c~. M ÿzwìvg emy ii. HwZnvwmK cwiP‡qi
1511. ˆKeZ© we‡`ªv‡ni †bZv †K wQ‡jb? o e½eÜy †kL gywReyi ingvb iii. mvs¯‹…wZK weeZ©b avivi
K mg¨ L ig¨ o wè¨ N fxg
1512. KZ mv‡j cvnvocyi †eŠ×wenvi Avwe®‹…Z nq? cvV cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 284 wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K 1860 L 1869 M 1873 o 1879 1525. ˆmq` kvgmyj n‡Ki †Kvb MÖš’ †_‡K ÔAvgvi cwiPqÕ
1513. cvnvocyi †eŠ×wenvi n‡jv Avgv‡ì kxl©K KweZvwU m¤úvw`Z AvKv‡i Pqb Kiv n‡q‡Q? 1531. Giƒc mv`„‡kï KviY Kx?
o mvgwMÖKZv L cUf‚wg
o cÖZœZvwË¡K wb`k©b L Rwg`vwi wb`k©b K AwMœ I R‡ji KweZv L ivR‰bwZK KweZv
M ivRìev‡ii wb`k©b N ¯’vcZ¨wk‡íi wb`k©b M HK¨m~Î N HwZn¨
M GK`v GK iv‡R¨ o wK‡kvi KweZv mgMÖ
KweZv 14 ¯^vaxbZv, G kãwU Kxfv‡e Avgv‡ì n‡jv  wbg©‡j›`y ¸Y

cvVëB we‡kølY 1538. wbg©‡j›`y ¸Y iwPZ wb‡Pi †KvbwU wkï‡Zvl Dcb¨vm? 1544. ÔMYm~‡h©i gÂÕ ej‡Z Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? [Aby. 2]
o Kv‡jv‡g‡Ni †fjv L Pvlvf‚lvi Kve¨ K Av‡jvwPZ gÂ L DÏxß gÂ
mvaviY eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi M Avcb `‡ji gvbyl N cÂvk mnmª el© o †bZvi gÂ m~‡h©i g‡Zv N wecøex gÂ
1545. Ô¯^vaxbZv, G kãwU Kxfv‡e Avgv‡ì n‡jvÕ
Kwe cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 295 g~jcvVcvVëB; c„ôv 295-296 KweZvq KviLvbv †_‡K Kviv Qy‡U G‡mwQj?
1532. wbg©‡j›`y ¸‡Yi Rš§ mvj KZ? 1539. Ôwe‡`ªvnxÕ kãwUi m‡½ m¤úK© i‡q‡Q wK‡mi? K wkïiv L Kg©KZ©viv
K 1953 o 1945 M 1947 N 1951 K mnbkxjZvi L †g‡b †bIqvi o kÖwgKiv N wfÿzKiv
1533. wbg©‡j›`y ¸Y gva¨wgK cvm K‡ib †Kvb cÖwZôvb †_‡K? o D‡ËRbvi N bxieZvi
o evinvÆvi wm‡Kwc Bbw÷wUDkb †_‡K 1540. KiæY †Kivwb Kv‡ì‡K ejv n‡q‡Q? [Aby. 1] kãv_© I UxKvcvVëB; c„ôv 296
L †bÎ‡Kvbv †Rjv ¯‹zj †_‡K K Av‡e‡M KiæY L ¯^fv‡e KiæY 1546. ÔDš§ËÕ k‡ãi A_© Kx?
M b`xqvi Aviwc Bbw÷wUDkb †_‡K o KiæYfv‡e RxebhvcbKvix K wewÿß o wÿß M Avbw›`Z N cvMj
N XvKvi †m›U †MÖMix ¯‹zj †_‡K N PvKwiRxex 1547. KweZvq eën„Z Ôw`MšÍ cøvweZÕ kãwUi †ÿ‡Î
1534. wbg©‡j›`y ¸Y KZ mv‡j D”P gva¨wgK cvm K‡ib? 1541. Ô¯^vaxbZv, G kãwU Kxfv‡e Avgv‡ì n‡jvÕ wb‡Pi †Kvb hyw³wU MÖnY‡hvM¨?
K 1962 L 1963 o 1964 N 1965 KweZvq †mw`b †Kv_vq †Rvqvi †R‡MwQj? K hvi †Kv‡bv mxgv †bB
1535. Ôevsjvi gvwU evsjvi RjÕ wbg©‡j›`y ¸‡Yi †Kvb K gv‡V L evRv‡i L Amxg RvqMv
ai‡bi MÖš’? M b`x‡Z o Rbmgy‡`ª o AvKvk-†Quvqv
o Kve¨MÖš’ L MíMÖš’ 1542. Ô¯^vaxbZv, G kãwU Kxfv‡e Avgv‡ì n‡jvÕ N weivU dm‡ji gvV
M Dcb¨vm N cÖeÜ MÖš’ KweZvq wkï cv‡K©i †`vjbv †`L‡Z †Kgb? 1548. ÔMYm~‡h©i gÂÕ kãwUi A‡_©i †ÿ‡Î wb‡Pi
1536. wbg©‡j›`y ¸Y KZ wLªóv‡ã evsjv GKv‡Wwg K Kv‡jv L mv`v M njy` o iwOb †Kvb A_©wU MÖnY‡hvM¨?
cyi¯‹vi jvf K‡ib? 1543. Ô†K †iv‡a Zuvnvi eRªKÉ evYxÕ? G evYxi K m~‡h©i g‡Zv Mig gÂ L m~‡h©i iwk¥
K 1980 wLªóv‡ã L 1981 wLªóv‡ã D`MvZv n‡jb o †bZvi `y¨wZ‡Z we”QywiZ gÂ
o 1982 wLªóv‡ã N 1983 wLªóv‡ã K iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi N †Kvjvnjc~Y© gÂ
1537. Ô†cÖgvsïi i³ PvBÕ †Kvb ai‡bi MÖš’? L KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg 1549. ÔeRªKÉÕ k‡ãi m‡½ mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q
o Kve¨MÖš’ L Dcb¨vm M gIjvbv Ave`yj nvwg` Lvb fvmvbx K gayi KÉ L KK©k KÉ
M †QvUMí N wkï‡Zvl o e½eÜy †kL gywReyi ingvb o e½eÜyi KÉ N †g‡Ni KÉ
1550. e½eÜy 1971 mv‡ji gv‡P©i KZ Zvwi‡L Agi
evYxwU D”PviY K‡ib? eûc`x mgvwßm~PK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
o 7 ZvwiL L 10 ZvwiL 1554. cÖvwßi w`K †_‡K †h cyi¯‹v‡ii m‡½ wbg©‡j›`y  DÏxcKwU c‡o 1557 I 1558bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
M 25 ZvwiL N 26 ZvwiL g‡b Avgvi Sj‡m I‡V
¸‡Yi m¤úK© i‡q‡Q
cvV cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 298 i. GKz‡k c`K GKvË‡ii K_v,
ii. evsjv GKv‡Wwg cyi¯‹vi cvwLi Wvbvq wj‡LwQjvg
1551. Ô¯^vaxbZv, G kãwU Kxfv‡e Avgv‡ì n‡jvÕ wcÖq ¯^vaxbZv| [Aby. 3-4]
KweZvwU cv‡Vi g~j D‡Ïk¨ iii. RvZxq KweZv cwil` cyi¯‹vi
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 1557. DÏxc‡K Ô¯^vaxbZv, G kãwU Kxfv‡e Avgv‡ì
K wkï‡ì BwZnvm †kLv‡bv
K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii o i, ii I iii n‡jvÕ KweZvi †Kvb w`K‡K cÖwZdwjZ K‡i‡Q?
L wkÿv_©x‡ì fvlv Av‡›`vj‡bi ¯§„wZ RvMÖZ Kiv
i. ¯^vaxbZvi K_v
M wkÿv_©x‡ì cvwK¯Ívwb‡ì fqvenZv m¤ú‡K© Rvbv‡bv 1555. Ô¯^vaxbZvÕ kãwUi m‡½ m¤ú„³ i‡q‡Q ii. gyw³i K_v
o wkÿv_©x‡ì g‡b †`k‡cÖ‡gi †cÖiYv RvMÖZ Kiv i. msMÖv‡gi
iii. AvKv•ÿvi K_v
1552. Ô¯^vaxbZv, G kãwU Kxfv‡e Avgv‡ì n‡jvÕ ii. Avb‡›ì wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
KweZvwU wbg©‡j›`y ¸‡Yi †Kvb Kve¨MÖ‡š’i AšÍM©Z? iii. gyw³i Ki L ii M iii N i I iii
K evsjvi gvwU evsjvi Rj wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
o Pvlvf‚lvi Kve¨
[we.`ª. : mwVK DËi K I L]
M cÂvk mnmª el© N †cÖgvsïi i³ PvB
1558. DÏxc‡K cÖwZdwjZ fvebvwU Ô¯^vaxbZv, G
1556. MYm~‡h©i gÂ Kuvwc‡q Agi KweZvLvwb †kvbv‡jb kãwU Kxfv‡e Avgv‡ì n‡jvÕ KweZvi †Kvb
1553. Ô¯^vaxbZv, G kãwU Kxfv‡e Avgv‡ì n‡jvÕ i. ivRbxwZi Kwe
KweZvwU‡Z e¨³ n‡q‡Q g~jZ cO&w³i m‡½ mv`„k¨c~Y©?
ii. ¯^vaxbZvi gnvbvqK K gv‡P©i weiæ‡× gvP©
K gyw³hy‡×i K_v
iii. evsjv‡`‡ki ¯’cwZ L Kwei weiæ‡× Kwe
L fvlv Av‡›`vj‡bi K_v
M MYAfz¨Ìv‡bi K_v
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M Avgv‡ì ¯^vaxbZvwcÖq cÖv‡Yi meyR G‡m wg‡kwQj
K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii o i, ii I iii o †mB †_‡K ¯^vaxbZv kãwU Avgv‡ì
o e½eÜyi 7B gv‡P©i fvlY
KweZv 15 mvnmx Rbbx evsjv  Kvgvj †PŠayix

cvVëB we‡kølY 1567. Ômvnmx Rbbx evsjvÕ KweZvq Kv‡ì i³v³ 1580. ÔKweZvi nv‡Z ivB‡djÕ wK‡mi cÖZxK?
nvZ gyP‡o †Ìqvi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q? o mvn‡mi L N„Yvi M Avµg‡Yi N nZ¨vi
mvaviY eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi o cvwK¯Ívwb †kvlK‡ì L Rw½ evwnbxi 1581. ÔKvb †K‡U w`‡qwQ †Zv‡ìÕ Kv‡ì?
M evOvwj‡ì N fviZxq‡ì o cvwK¯Ívwb nvbv`vi‡ì L †eBgvb ivRvKvi‡ì
Kwe cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 301 1568. Ôi³v³ nvZÕ ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? M wgÎevwnbxi N Bs‡iR kvmK‡Mvôxi
1559. eZ©gv‡b Kvgvj †PŠayix †Kv_vq K‡g© wb‡qvwRZ Av‡Qb? o evOvwji i‡³ cvwK¯Ívwb evwnbxi nvZ iwÄZ
K †emiKvwi cÖwZôv‡b o miKvwi cÖwZôv‡b L kw³kvjx nvZ cvV cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 302
M K‡j‡R N wek¦we`¨vj‡q M cvwK¯Ívwb evwnbx‡K nZ¨v Kivq evOvwji nvZ 1582. evOvwji RbRxe‡bi wewfbœ euv‡K wK‡mi HwZn¨ Av‡Q?
1560. Kvgvj †PŠayix‡K evsjv KweZvi cwimªæZ avivi N K‡Vvi nvZ K wbh©vZb I †kvl‡Yi o msMÖvg I cÖwZ‡iv‡ai
Ab¨Zg cÖavb cÖwZwbwa ejv nq †Kb? 1569. Le©‡`n Kv‡ì? M BwZnvm I AZx‡Zi N kvmb I †kvl‡Yi
K Avengvb RxebPP©vi Rb¨ K cvwK¯Ívwb‡ì L fviZxq‡ì 1583. evOvwjiv ¯^vaxbZv Dwo‡q Dwo‡q †Kv_vq G‡m‡Q?
L msMÖvg I gvbexq †ev‡ai Rb¨ o evOvwj‡ì N Bs‡iR‡ì o evsjvq L cvwK¯Ív‡b
o wbixÿvcÖeYZvi Rb¨ 1570. evOvwj RvwZ‡K wfZz †f‡ewQj M b`xi Nv‡U N Dš§y³ cÖvšÍ‡i
N wkwíZ cÖKi‡Yi Rb¨ K fviZxqiv L ivRvKviiv eûc`x mgvwßm~PK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
1561. mvwn‡Z¨ Zvrch©gq Ae`v‡bi Rb¨ Kvgvj o cvwK¯Ívwbiv N gyw³‡hv×viv 1584. Kvgvj †PŠayixi wkÿvMÖn‡Yi mv‡_ m¤ú„³
†PŠayix †Kvb cyi¯‹vi jvf K‡ib? 1571. Ô†K †`Lvj gnv cÖwZ‡iva?Õ GLv‡b cÖwZ‡iv‡ai cÖwZôvb n‡jv
 evsjv GKv‡Wwg cyi¯‹vi mv‡_ m¤úK©h³ y  i. Kzwgjøv wRjv ¯‹zj ii. XvKv K‡jR
L RvZxq KweZv cwil` cyi¯‹vi o evOvwj RvwZ L Bs‡iR RvwZ iii. XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq
M nvmvb nvwdRyi ingvb ¯^Y©c`K M cvwK¯Ívwb nvbv`vi evwnbx N wgÎevwnbx wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
N GKz‡k c`K 1572. fvlv Av‡›`vjb msNwUZ n‡qwQj KZ mv‡j? K i I ii L i I iii o ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K 1948 o 1952 M 1956 N 1960 1585. DØv¯‘ AvkÖqnxb, †cvovMÖvg ej‡Z †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q
g~jcvVcvVëB; c„ôv 301 1573. Ômvnmx Rbbx evsjvÕ KweZvq c‡_ c‡_ i. fvlv Av‡›`vj‡bi Ae¯’v
1562. ÔGKvË‡i cvKevwnbx‡K civwRZ K‡i ¯^vaxbZvi weRq †ZcvšÍ‡i †K †Nv‡i? ii. gyw³hy‡×i mgqKvi Ae¯’v
†KZb Dwo‡q‡Q evOvwj|Õ G e³‡eï mv‡_ Ômvnmx K AvkÖqnx‡biv L bxjKg‡jiv iii. MYAfz¨Ìv‡bi mgqKvi Ae¯’v
Rbbx evsjvÕ KweZvi mv`„k¨c~Y© cO&w³ n‡jv M evOvwjiv o eY©gvjv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K WvKvZ c‡o‡Q MÖv‡g, gaïv‡Z nvbv`vi Av‡m 1574. Ômvnmx Rbbx evsjvÕ KweZvq Kwe evOvwji gyw³hy‡×i Ki o ii M i I ii N i I iii
o †Zv‡ì i³v³ nvZ gyP‡o w`‡qwQ bq gv‡m †cÖiYvi Drm wn‡m‡e AvL¨vwqZ K‡i‡Qb
M Gevi ev‡Ni _vev, †fvR n‡e AvR cÖwZ‡kv‡a o AZx‡Zi msMÖvgx HwZn¨‡K Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
N Kvi i³ Qyu‡q †kl n‡q †Mj N„Yvi KvZz©R L ey‡K Pvcv g„‡Zi Av¸b‡K  DÏxcKwU c‡o 1586 I 1587bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
1563. Ô†Zv‡ì Amyi b„Z¨ ... Vv Vv nvwm ... wdwi‡q w`‡qwQÕ M N„Yvi KvZ©yR‡K N gvZ… Acgvb‡K we‡`wk †mbvi Kvgv‡b-ey‡j‡U we×
GLv‡b Amyi ej‡Z Kv‡ì †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? 1575. Ômvnmx Rbbx evsjvÕ KweZvq gaïv‡Z Kviv Av‡m? bvix wkï Avi hyeK-†Rvqvb e„×
o cvwK¯Ívwb nvbv`vi evwnbx‡K K gyw³‡hv×viv L wgÎevwnbxiv kÎæ †mbviv nZ¨vi Awfhv‡b
L ˆ`Z¨‡K M ivRvKvi evwnbxiv o cvK nvbv`viiv gyw³evwnbx cÖwZ‡iva DÌv‡b| [Aby. 3-4]
M evOvwj‡K N evN‡K 1576. ÔbxjKg‡jivÕ Kviv? [Aby. 2] 1586. DÏxc‡K ÔRbbx mvnmx evsjvÕ KweZvi †Kvb
1564. Amy‡ii mv‡_ mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q K cÖnixiv L mvnmxiv w`KwU cÖwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q?
K gvbweKZvi L †cÖ‡gi M n„`qevb e¨w³MY o gyw³‡hv×vMY i. gyw³hy‡×i cÖwZ‡iva
M mn‡hvwMZvi o wnsmªZvi 1577. evOvwji nv‡Z Kx D‡V‡Q? [Aby. 1] ii. mvaviY gvby‡li AmnvqZ¡
K Kv‡¯Í o †MÖ‡bW M Rvj N jvwV iii. `xN©k¦vm
1565. evOvwj kÎæ‡ì Kx K‡i‡Q?
K ¸wj K‡i‡Q o nvZ gyP‡o w`‡q‡Q kãv_© I UxKvcvVëB; c„ôv 302 wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M cv †f‡O w`‡q‡Q N gv_v dvwU‡q‡Q oi L ii M iii N ii I iii
1578. Amyi Kx? 1587. DÏxc‡Ki Abyfe Ômvnmx Rbbx evsjvÕ KweZvi
1566. Ô†Zv‡ì i³v³ nvZ gyP‡o w`‡qwQ bq gv‡m|Õ o wn›`y cyivY g‡Z †èZv‡ì kÎæ
cO&w³wU‡Z bq gvm ej‡Z Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? †Kvb cO&w³i m‡½ mv`„k¨c~Y©?
L †èZvi bvg K †Zv‡ì i³v³ nvZ gyP‡o w`‡qwQ bq gv‡m
o gyw³hy‡×i bq gvm M mvnmx Rbbx N kÎæ L eywoM½v cÙv b`xZxi/WvKvZ c‡o‡Q MÖv‡g
L weªwUk †kvl‡Yi bq gvm 1579. ÔbxjKgjÕ k‡ãi A_© Kx? o †fvR n‡e AvR cÖwZ‡kv‡a/hvi m‡½ †h
M fvlv Av‡›`vjb wb‡q Av‡jvPbvi bq gvm o bxj i‡Oi cÙ L bxj i‡Oi dzj iKg, †m iKg †Lj‡e evOvwj
N gywR‡ei kvm‡bi bq gvm M bxj i‡Oi Rvgv N bxj Kgjvi mswgkÖY N mvnmx Rbbx evsjv, ey‡K Pvcv g„‡Zi Av¸b
mncvV 6wU (Dcb¨vm †_‡K 3wU I bvUK †_‡K 3wU) eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ _vK‡e; cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœiB DËi w`‡Z n‡e| 16 = 6
mncvV 01 Dcb¨vm : KvKZvo–qv  †mwjbv †nv‡mb

cvVëB we‡kølY 1603. †Kvb wek¦we`¨vjq †_‡K †mwjbv †nv‡mb m¤§vb 1620. wgwjUvwi cÖ_gevi Avmvi KZ gvm ci
m~PK wW-wjU Dcvwa‡Z f‚wlZ nb? wØZxqevi Av‡m?
mvaviY eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi K XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq K GK gvm L †ò gvm
Dcb¨v‡mi aviYv I msÁvcvVëB; c„ôv 1 k iex›`ªfviZx wek¦we`¨vjq k `yB gvm N AvovB gvm
M KjKvZv wek¦we`¨vjq 1621. wØZxqevi G‡m wgwjUvwi MÖv‡g Kx evbvq?
1588. Dcb¨vm M‡`¨ †jLv GK ai‡bi Kx?
N w`wjø wek¦we`¨vjq k K¨v¤ú L gmwR` M evRvi N ev¼vi
K Kvwnwb L †kvKMv_v M KweZv k Mí
1589. Dgev‡Z©v G‡Kv †Kvb †`‡ki Awaevmx? 1604. Kg©Rxe‡b †mwjbv †nv‡mb Kx wQ‡jb? 1622. Muv‡q †gvU KZevi g„Zzï DrcvZ N‡U‡Q?
K Wv³vi L mvsevw`K k `yB evi L wZb evi M Pvi eviN cuvP evi
K d«vÝ k BZvwj
k evsjv GKv‡Wwgi cwiPvjK 1623. †PvL jvj n‡j eyavi †fZ‡i Kx Rv‡M?
M Av‡gwiKv N ivwkqv
N evsjv‡`k †eZv‡ii cwiPvjK K Kvbœvi Av‡eM L ¯§„wZKvZiZv
1590. ale A_© Kx?
K †køvK k Mí k wKQy Kivi B”Qv N N„Yv
g~j Dcb¨vm : KvKZvo–qvcvVëB; c„ôv 9
M Dcb¨vm N MxwZKweZv 1624. A‡bK iv‡Z wK‡mi k‡ã eyavi Nyg fv‡O?
1605. Kvi Kv‡Q c~e-© cwðg DËi-`wÿY me mgvb? K KzKz‡ii Wv‡K L Av¸‡bi Zv‡c
Dcb¨v‡mi Avw½K I MVb‡KŠkjcvVëB; c„ôv 2 K KzwšÍ L Avnv` gywÝ
M gvby‡li wPrKv‡i k ¸wji k‡ã
M AvZv dzcy k eyav 1625. e½eÜyi fvlY KZ Zvwi‡L n‡q‡Q?
1591. Dcb¨v‡mi PP©v nq
k cÖvq Pvik eQi L cÖvq AvovBk eQi
1606. eyav fvZ gvsm †cU cy‡i †L‡Z cvq k 7 gvP© L 26 gvP©
K ïµev‡i k we‡qevwo‡Z M 21 †deªæqvwi N 16 wW‡m¤î
M cÖvq wZbk eQi N cÖvq GKk eQi
M C‡ì w`b N KzjLvwb‡Z 1626. hy‡×i KZ eQi Av‡M eyav evev-gv-mevB‡K nvwi‡q‡Q?
1592. mvaviYfv‡e Dcb¨vm KqwU Dcv`v‡bi wfwË‡Z
M‡o D‡V‡Q? 1607. ivZ †cvnvevi Av‡M P‡j hvq K GK eQi k `yB eQi
K3 L4 M5 k6 K wkjy k weby M wZby N Zv‡je M wZb eQi N Pvi eQi
1593. AvL¨vbfvM A_© Kx? 1608. webyi †PvL †Kgb wQj? 1627. Kviv Lvq `vq, dzwZ© K‡i Avi gvbyl a‡i wb‡q hvq?
k Kvwnwb-mgMÖ L msjvc K WvMi k Ac~e© K gyw³‡hv×viv k nvbv`viiv
M eY©bvi fw½ N PwiÎ wbe©vPb M Kvbv N i³ IVv M MÖv‡gi †jvKRb N ivRvKviiv
1609. eyavi Kq fvB‡evb K‡jivq gviv hvq? [Aby. 1] 1628. kvwšÍ KwgwUi †Pqvig¨vb n‡qwQj †K? [Aby. 4]
evsjv DcbÅvGmi mswÞµ¦ cwiPqcvVÅeB; c†Ó¤v 3 K 3 Rb k 4 Rb M 5 Rb N 6 Rb K gwZDi k Avnv` gywÝ
1594. evsjv Dcb¨v‡mi eqm KZ? 1610. †mevi K‡jivq gnvgvix‡Z DRvo n‡q hvq Muv‡qi M nv‡kg wgqv N nwievey
K GKk eQi k †òk eQi K me †jvK L GK-Z…Zxqvsk †jvK 1629. we‡`wk gvbyl Ges wb‡R‡ì gvbyl mevi Ici
M `yBk eQi N AvovBk eQi k A‡a©K †jvK N GK-PZz_©vsk †jvK eyavi N„Yv evo‡Z _v‡K †Kb? [Aby. 6]
1595. ga¨weË †kÖwYi Avwef©ve N‡U †Kvb kvm‡bi 1611. GK iv‡Z eyav KZ Rb gvbyl‡K nvivq? K hy× Kivi Rb¨
m~ÎcvZ NU‡j? k AZ¨vPvi Kivi Rb¨
K 5 Rb k 6 Rb M 7 Rb N 8 Rb
K Bs‡iR k weªwUk M we‡ivwaZv Kivi Rb¨
1612. †K eyavi Kv‡Q gyw³ Pvq?
M Rwg`vi N MYZvwš¿K N MYnZ¨vi Rb¨
K KzwšÍ L dzjKwj
1596. ÔK…òKv‡šÍi DBjÕ Kvi iPbv? M wgVz k eyavi PvwP
1630. Muv‡qi gvbyl KZ fv‡M fvM n‡q †M‡Q?
K kirP›`ª L iex›`ªbv_ k `yB fv‡M L wZb fv‡M
1613. †K eyav‡K mB‡Z cv‡iwb?
k ew¼gP›`ª N wef‚wZf‚lY M Pvi fv‡M N cuvP fv‡M
K gwZDi L Avnv` gywÝ
1631. jovB bv Ki‡j MÖvg wK‡mi evwo n‡q hv‡e?
M wgVz k eyavi PvwP
JcbÅvwmK cwiwPwZcvVÅeB; c†Ó¤v 5 K cwii evwo L ivRvKv‡ii evwo
1614. KvKZvo–qv †m‡R KvVdvUv †iv‡` ùvwo‡q _vK‡j
1597. †mwjbv †nv‡mb †Kv_vq Rš§MÖnY K‡ib? M wR‡bi evwo k f‚‡Zi evwo
eyavi gv_vq wK‡mi Qvqv †b‡g Av‡m?
K h‡kvi L iscyi 1632. hy‡× kÎæiv KLb †n‡i hvq? [Aby. 10]
K †g‡Ni Qvqv L wegv‡bi Qvqv
k ivRkvnx N ewikvj k mevB HKë× n‡j
k kKz‡bi Qvqv N cvwLi Qvqv
1598. KLb †mwjbv †nv‡mb †jLv‡jwL ïiæ K‡ib? L AvaywbK A¯¿ _vK‡j
1615. evRv‡i Av¸b jvMvq M DbœZ cÖwkÿY _vK‡j
K Pwjø‡ki `k‡K L cÂv‡ki `k‡K
K Avnv` gywÝ k wgwjUvwi
k lv‡Ui `kK N mË‡ii `kK N ˆmb¨msL¨v †ewk n‡j
M WvKvZ N Ab¨ MÖv‡gi †jvK 1633. Avnv` gywÝi Ni Kq Pvjv?
1599. eo‡ì Rb¨ cÖKvwkZ †mwjbv †nv‡m‡bi
Dcb¨vm msL¨v KZ? 1616. †cvov evRv‡ii w`‡K ZvwK‡q eyavi K †`vPvjv L Pvi Pvjv
K wÎk L ewÎk k †ZwÎk N Pwjøk K Kuv`‡Z B”Qv K‡i M Qq Pvjv k AvU Pvjv
1600. evsjv‡`‡ki gvbyl, Zvi ms¯‹…wZ I HwZn¨ †Kvb L cÖwZ‡kva wb‡Z B”Qv K‡i 1634. Kxfv‡e eyav Avwji †Z‡ji `vg †kva Ki‡e?
†jL‡Ki †jLvi RMr? M `ytL nq k †PvL jvj nq k Mv‡q †L‡U L UvKv w`‡q
K ˆmq` IqvjxDjøvn 1617. wgwjUvwi Avmvi ciw`b Muv‡qi gvbyl Kx K‡i? M dj w`‡q N avb w`‡q
& k †mwjbv †nv‡mb k cvjv‡Z _v‡K 1635. wgVz Avi Avwji g‡Z eyav †K‡ivwmb †Zj w`‡q
M ûgvqyb AvRv` L wgwQj K‡i K evwZ R¡vjv‡e L N‡ii Kv‡V †`‡e
N Rwni ivqnvb M gyw³evwnbx MVb K‡i k fv‡jv wKQy Ki‡e N Ab¨vq KvR Ki‡e
1601. ÔMvqÎx mÜ¨vÕ †mwjbv †nv‡m‡bi Kx ai‡bi iPbv? N ivRvKvi n‡q hvq 1636. Av¸b jvMvq NygšÍ gvbyl¸‡jv Kx wb‡q †ewi‡q
K cÖeÜ L †QvUMí M bvUK k Dcb¨vm 1618. nwiKvKzi m‡½ eyavi †Kv_vq †`Lv n‡qwQj? [Aby. 3] Avm‡Z e¨¯Í?
1602. Ômyigv †PŠayix ¯§„wZ cyi¯‹viÕ †mwjbv †nv‡mb k RvgZjvq L dm‡ji gv‡V K e›`yK wb‡q k Rxeb wb‡q
†Kv_v †_‡K cvb? M evRv‡i N iv¯Ívq M UvKv wb‡q N Rvgv Kvco wb‡q
K evsjv‡`k k fviZ 1619. eyavi g‡Z †h cvjvq †m Kx? 1637. Avnv` gywÝi eo †Q‡ji bvg Kx?
M Av‡gwiKv N jÛb K Lvivc L eyw×gvb k wfZzi wWg N nuv`vivg K KzÏym L wgVz k gwZDi N Avwj
1638. ivRvKvi KgvÛv‡ii evwo‡Z KvR K‡i †K? 1667. ÔAvgiv jovB bv Ki‡j MÖvgUv GKw`b f‚‡Zi
K eyav L KzwšÍ M wgVz k dzjKwj
evwo n‡eÕ| †Kb f‚‡Zi evwo n‡e? [Aby. 9]
1639. eyav dzjKwj‡K Kx †L‡Z w`j? 1657. Dcb¨vm i. MYnZ¨vi Kvi‡Y
K Avg L we¯‹zU k wRjvwc N fvZ i. †Pv‡L †`Lv Mí ii. †jvKRb cvwj‡q hvIqvq
1640. ivRvKvi KgvÛv‡ii evwo‡Z wKQy NU‡j †K ii. m„wókxj iPbv iii. MÖvgwU Rbk~b¨ nIqvq
eyav‡K Rvwb‡q †`‡e? iii. gvby‡li Rxeb †_‡K †bIqv
K KzwšÍ L wgVz M Avwj k dzjKwj wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii k i, ii I iii
1641. KLb dzjKwji `ytL _vK‡e bv? 1668. wZbRb GK n‡j
K bZzb PvKwi †c‡j
1658. Jcb¨vwm‡Kiv Dcb¨vm iPbv K‡ib
i. mvnm ev‡o
i. wb‡Ri Rxeb`k©b †_‡K
L ivRvKvi KgvÛvi gviv †M‡j ii. Sv‡gjv nq
ii. Pvicv‡ki gvby‡li K_v wb‡q
M eyav eo n‡j k †`k ¯^vaxb n‡j iii. kw³ ev‡o
iii. mgv‡Ri K_v ejvi ZvwM‡`
1642. ¯^‡cœi Avðh© †`‡k eyav Kv‡K cv‡k †`L‡Z cvq? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K KzwšÍ L wgVz k dzjKwj N Avwj K i I ii L ii I iii k i I iii N i, ii I iii
Ki L i I iii k i, ii I iii N iii
1643. ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡m DwjøwLZ kvnveywÏb †Kv_vq c‡o?
1659. †mwjbv †nv‡mb Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi
K XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡q L XvKv K‡j‡R
i. 1957 mv‡j Rš§MÖnY K‡ib
k AvU© K‡j‡R N nvB ¯‹z‡j  DÏxcKwU c‡o 1669 I 1670bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
ii. wcZv-gvZvi PZz_© mšÍvb
1644. kvnveywÏ‡bi g‡Z MÖv‡g †K GKvB jovB Ki‡Q? ÔKeiÕ bvU‡K ewY©Z BÝ‡c±i nvwdR fvB
iii. ivRkvnx wek¦we`¨vj‡qi QvÎx wQ‡jb
K Avwj L wgVz kwn`‡ì GKUv MYKe‡i gvwU Pvcv w`‡Z
k eyav N Avnv` gywÝ PvB‡j †MviLuy‡oiv AvcwË Rvbvq| Zv‡ì
Ki L i I iii k ii I iii N i, ii I iii
1645. KLb eyavi gv fvcv wcVv evbvZ? e³e¨, Ôgymjgv‡bi jvk `vdb bvB, Kvdb
1660. †mwjbv †nv‡mb KvR Ki‡Qb
K MÖx®§Kv‡j L el©vKv‡j
i. gvbevwaKvi wb‡q bvB; Zvi Ici Avjv`v GKUv Kei cv‡e bv,
k kxZKv‡j N kirKv‡j
ii. bvix Dbœqb wb‡q Zv n‡Z cv‡i bv, Kwf †bwn|Õ [Aby. 7-8]
1646. Ò†Kqvg‡Zi w`b gv_vi GK nvZ Dc‡i m~h©
iii. mvsevw`KZv wb‡q 1669. DÏxc‡Ki †MviLyu‡o‡ì mv‡_ mv`„k¨c~Y© PwiÎwU n‡jv
†b‡g Avm‡e|Ó Kvi K_v? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K Avnv` gywÝ L gwZDi
K wkÿ‡Ki k †gŠjwei
Ki L ii k i I ii N ii I iii k eyav N KzÏym
M Avnv` gywÝi N eyavi evevi
1661. eyav iv‡Z Nygvq 1670. Giƒc mv`„‡kï KviY n‡jv
1647. cvwK¯Ívwb †mbv‡ì Kv‡Q eyav Zvi bvg Kx e‡j?
i. ìRvwenxb †XuwKN‡i K †`k‡cÖg k cÖwZev`x g‡bvfve
K eyav L e½eÜy
ii. L‡oi Mv`vq M m‡PZbZv N cÖwZ‡kva ¯ú„nv
M hy× k KvKZvo–qv
iii. Nv‡U euvav †bŠKvq
1648. †eq‡bU w`‡q gvbyl gvi‡Z Kviv gRv cvq?  DÏxcKwU c‡o 1671 I 1672bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
k wgwjUvwiiv L ivRvKviiv fvlvi gh©v`v iÿvi Rb¨ Av‡›`vjb Ki‡Z A‡bK
Ki L ii M i I iii k i, ii I iii
M gyw³‡hv×viv N MÖvgevmx gvbyl R‡ov n‡qwQj| †mLv‡b bwRiI wM‡qwQj|
1662. eyavi fvB-†evb n‡jv
1649. gv‡V eyav‡K KvKZvo–qv mvRv‡bvi ci KLb †m Qvov cvq? mevB †møvMvb w`w”Qj, Ggb mgq cywjk ¸wj Kij|
i. wkjy, Zv‡je, wZby
K `ycy‡i L we‡K‡j bwRi †KŠk‡j euvPj| †m GKRb exi fvlv‰mwbK|
ii. weby, wkjy, wgVz
k mÜ¨vq N iv‡Z 1671. DÏxc‡Ki bwRi ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi †Kvb
iii. wkjy, Zv‡je, weby
1650. KLb kvnveywÏb eyavi Qwe AuvK‡e? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? PwiÎ‡K wb‡`©k K‡i?
K eyav gviv †M‡j K kvnveywÏb k eyav
K i I ii k i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
k †`k ¯^vaxb n‡j M wgVz N Avwj
1663. Wvjvfiv evRvi Ki‡Z cvi‡j nv‡kg wgqv
M eyav Amy¯’ n‡j
i. Avb‡›` AvZ¥nviv nq 1672. DÏxcK I ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi †ÿ‡Î ejv hvq
N kvnveywÏb QywU †c‡j
ii. nwiKvKz‡K evmvq †L‡Z e‡j i. evOvwji AwaKvi †PZbv cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q
1651. KzwšÍ kvcjv Zz‡j‡Q †Kb?
iii. eyav‡K evmvq †L‡Z Wv‡K ii. cvwK¯Ívwb‡ì AvMÖvmb cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q
k ÿzavi nvZ †_‡K euvPvi Rb¨
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? iii. evOvwji †MŠiegq HwZn¨‡K wb‡`©k K‡i
L wewµi Rb¨
K i I ii k i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M dz‡ji gvjv evbv‡bvi Rb¨
1664. eyavi PvwP Ki L i I iii M ii I iii k i, ii I iii
N Miæ‡K LvIqv‡bvi Rb¨
i. eyav‡K mn¨ K‡i bv
1652. gvwU KvUvi Ave`vi wb‡q eyav Kvi Kv‡Q hvq?  DÏxcKwU c‡o 1673 I 1674bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
ii. eyavi Lei †bq bv
K Avnv` gywÝi L wgwjUvwii AvRgj mv‡ne abx gvbyl| ¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i
iii. †Q‡j‡g‡q‡ì wb‡q evevi evwo P‡j wM‡q‡Q
k dRy wgqvi N gwZD‡ii mgq †m ivRvKvi wn‡m‡e AvZ¥cÖKvk K‡i|
1653. ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡m DwjøwLZ dRy wgqvi g‡Z gvby‡li abm¤ú` jyU K‡i Avi cvwK¯Ívwb
Ki L ii M i I ii k i, ii I iii
ev¼vi Kx? †mbv‡ì Kv‡Q gyw³‡hv×v‡ì msev` †`q|
1665. wgwjUvwi Avµg‡Yi `y gvm ci
K fv‡jv Ni L jywK‡q _vKvi ¯’vb 1673. DÏxc‡K AvRgj mv‡ne ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ
i. gvby‡li w`b KwVb n‡q c‡o
k Kei N ¸`vgNi Dcb¨v‡mi †Kvb PwiÎ‡K wb‡`©k K‡i?
ii. †KD †KD MÖv‡g wd‡i Av‡m
1654. ev¼vi ˆZwii Kv‡R AMÖMwZ †`‡L †K cÖksmv K‡i? k Avnv` gywÝi L gwZD‡ii
iii. A‡b‡K BwÛqv P‡j hvq
K wgwjUvwi L Avnv` gywÝ M KzÏym ivRvKv‡ii N nvbv`vi‡ì
M dRy wgqv k gwZDi 1674. DÏxc‡Ki AvRgj I ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi
1655. †Sv‡ci av‡i jywK‡q _v‡K Avnv` gywÝ `yR‡bB
1666. MYKei gv‡b
k kvnveywÏb L wgVz i. AgvbweK
i. mevi mvg‡b Kei †Ìqv
M Avwj N gwZDi ii. †jvfx
ii. Kvdb Qvov Kei †Ìqv
1656. †bŠKvq eyav wK‡mi fw½‡Z ï‡q c‡o? iii. mevB‡K GK M‡Z© Kei †Ìqv iii. †`k‡`ªvnx
K Amy¯’ nIqvi k KvKZvo–qvi
M g„‡Zi N wbjWvDb
Ki L i I iii k ii I iii N i, ii I iii Ki L i I iii M ii I iii k i, ii I iii
mncvV 02 bvUK : ewncxi  ˆmq` IqvjxDjøvn

cvVëB we‡kølY 1692. byiæj †gv‡g‡bi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ bvUK †Kvb¸‡jv? 1710. Zv‡niv‡K D×vi Ki‡Z nv‡kg‡K Kx wcQy
K bqv Lv›`vb L †b‡gwmm Ujv‡Z cv‡iwb?
mvaviY eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi M iƒcvšÍi k Dc‡ii meKwU K gv‡qi mveavb evYx L ewncx‡ii fxwZ cÖ`k©b
1693. gvgybyi ikx‡ì weL¨vZ bvUK †Kvb¸‡jv? M wcZvi KiæY gyL k Dc‡ii meKwU
bvU‡Ki aviYv I msÁvcvVëB; c„ôv 35 K Kvj‡ejv L cÖvP¨ 1711. †K agx©q Kzms¯‹vi I mvgvwRK AwePv‡ii
1675. †Kvb kã¸‡jvi g~j kã n‡jv bU? M †mbvcwZ k Iiv K`g Avwj weiæ‡× cÖZxK PwiÎ?
K bvUK L bvU¨ ÔewncxiÕ bvUK I bvU¨Kvi cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 37 K ewncxi L Rwg`vi nv‡Zg Avwj
M bUx k Dc‡ii meKwU M †Lv‡`Rv k nv‡kg Avwj
1694. ˆmq` IqvjxDjøvn wcZvi bvg Kx?
1676. Drama kãwU G‡m‡Q wMÖK †Kvb kã †_‡K? k ˆmq` Avngv`Djøvn L ˆmq` nvmvb 1712. Rwg`vi kn‡i wK‡mi Rb¨ iIqvbv n‡q‡Qb?
K Dramia L Dromin k Dracin N Dracinate
M ˆmq` ingZ Djøvn N ˆmq` AvKivg †nv‡mb k A_© msMÖ‡n L wPwKrmvi Rb¨
1677. †KvbwU mvwn‡Zï cÖvPxb iƒc?
1695. ˆmq` IqvjxDjøvni gv‡qi bvg Kx? M Ny‡i †eov‡Z N Dc‡ii meKwU
k Kve¨ L bvUK M Mí N Dcb¨vm
1678. eZ©gvb mg‡q AZ¨šÍ kw³kvjx I RbwcÖq gva¨g †KvbwU? K bvwmgv LvZzb L bvwmgv †eMg 1713. nv‡Zg Avwj †Kgb Pwi‡Îi gvbyl?
k bvwmg Aviv LvZzb K w¯’Zax
K Mí L KweZv M Dcb¨vm k bvUK
N ˆmq`v bvwmgv LvZzb L AvZ¥wbgMœ
bvUGKi AvwãK I MVbGKŒkjcvVÅeB; c†Ó¤v 35 1696. ˆmq` IqvjxDjøvn& KZ mv‡j gva¨wgK cvm K‡ib? M D”P gvbweK †PZbvm¤úbœ
1679. bvU‡Ki Kvwnwb, PwiÎ ev msjvc ms‡hvRbvi K 1927 L 1929 M 1937 k 1939 k Dc‡ii me¸‡jv
Rb¨ Kxfv‡e Dchy³ cwi‡ek ˆZwi Kiv hvq? 1697. ˆmq` IqvjxDjøvn KZ mv‡j D”P gva¨wgK cvm K‡ib?
K gÂm¾v L Av‡jvKm¤úvZ K 1939 k 1941 M 1943 N 1945 g~jcvVcvVëB; c„ôv 41
M kã‡hvRbv k Dc‡ii meKwU 1698. ˆmq` IqvjxDjøvn †ckvMZ Rxeb ïiæ nq Kx w`‡q? 1714. Zv‡niv wec‡` c‡o‡Q †`‡L †Lv‡`Rv Zv‡K
1680. bvU‡Ki wfZ‡i Kx _v‡K? k mvsevw`KZv L wkÿKZv eRivq Zz‡j †bq| GLv‡b †Lv‡`Rv Pwi‡Îi
K ïiæ L weKvk M Wv³vwi N miKvwi Kg©KZ©v †Kvb w`KwU cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q?
M cwiYwZ k Dc‡ii meKwU 1699. ¯^vaxbZv hy× PjvKv‡j evsjv‡`‡ki c‡ÿ ˆmq` K `qvnxb g‡bvfve k ci `ytLKvZiZv
1681. mvgy¨‡qj †e‡KU iwPZ MÖš’ †KvbwU? IqvjxDjøvn KvR K‡ib †Kv_v †_‡K? M mg‡e`bvnxbZv N ag©fxiæZv
k I‡qwUs di M‡Wv L Mf gv÷ we †µwR K †bÎ‡Kvbv L KzwoMÖvg 1715. ÔGK-AvaUz VvÆv-g¯‹iv Ki‡ZI ïiæ K‡i‡QÕ
M wKZveyj wn›` N gv‡P›U Ae †fwbm M Av‡gwiKv k c¨vwim Kviv G KvRwU Ki‡Z ïiæ K‡i‡Q? [Aby. 2]
1700. mvwnZ¨K‡g©i Rb¨ ˆmq` IqvjxDjøvn Kx K gvwSiv L mncvVxiv
evsjv bvU‡Ki mswÿß cwiPqcvVëB; c„ôv 36 cyi¯‹vi jvf K‡ib? k MÖv‡gi †jv‡Kiv N hvÎxiv
1682. evsjv mvwn‡Zï †Kvb wb`k©‡b bvUK AwfbxZ K wcBGb cyi¯‹vi L evsjv GKv‡Wwg cyi¯‹vi 1716. eRivi m‡½ av°v †L‡q †bŠKv KZ wgwb‡Ui
nIqvi K_v D‡jøL i‡q‡Q? M GKz‡k c`K k Dc‡ii me¸‡jv
g‡a¨ Avav-†Wvev n‡q †Mj?
k Ph©vc` L kÖxK…òKxZ©b
M êòe c`vewj N gbmvg½j
bvUK cwiwPwZ : ewncxicvVÅeB; c†Ó¤v 38 k GK wgwbU L `yB wgwbU
1701. evsjv bvU‡Ki cÖwZ‡hvwMZvq †Kvb bvUK M wZb wgwbU N Pvi wgwbU
1683. Avgiv †h AvaywbK gÂbvU‡Ki m‡½ cwiwPZ Zv
cyi¯‹vi jvf K‡i? 1717. eRiv Kx?
†Kvb AÂj †_‡K G‡m‡Q?
K Zi½f½ L myo½ K ÿz`ª †bŠKvwe‡kl
k BD‡ivc L Av‡gwiKv
k ewncxi N `yB Zxi L abx‡ì ågYwejv‡mi Aby‡cv‡hvMx †bŠKv
M Gwkqv N I‡kwbqv
1702. ÔewncxiÕ KZ eQi AšÍi wkl¨ I gywi`‡ì k Kv‡Vi Kvgiv I Qv`hy³ e„nr †bŠKvwe‡kl
1684. †nivwmg †¯úcvbwfP& †j‡e‡`d †Kvb †`‡ki
evwo‡Z Ny‡i †eovb? N eo evwo
bvMwiK wQ‡jb?
k ivwkqv L Pxb M Rvcvb N d«vÝ K GK eQi k `yB eQi 1718. ewncx‡ii m‡½ Zv‡nivi mv`„k¨ †Kv_vq?
1685. †nivwmg †¯úcvbwfP †j‡e‡`d KZ mv‡j Bs‡iwR M wZb eQi N Pvi eQi k wec‡` c‡o Rwg`v‡ii eRivq AvkÖq MÖnY
bvUK Ô`¨ wWmMvBRÕ evsjvq iƒcvšÍi K‡ib? L `yRbB avwg©K
bvU‡Ki PwiÎ cwiwPwZ : ewncxicvVëB; c„ôv 38
K 1773 mv‡j k 1795 mv‡j M `yRbB K‚U‡KŠkjx
1703. ewncxi mviv eQi Kx K‡ib? N `yR‡bB cÖPzi A‡_©i gvwjK
M 1777 mv‡j N 1779 mv‡j K we‡`‡k _v‡Kb
1686. ivg bvivqY ZK©i‡Zœi bvU‡Ki bvg Kx? 1719. nv‡kg Avwj cov‡kvbv †kl K‡i Kx Ki‡Z Pvq?
L K‡Vvi cwikÖg K‡ib
K f`ªv¾y©b L KxwË©wejvm K MÖv‡g ¯‹zj cÖwZôv Ki‡Z Pvq
M eëmvq K‡ib
M wPËwejvm k KzjxbK‚j-meŸ©¯^ L Mwie gvby‡li Dbœqb Ki‡Z Pvq
k gywi`‡ì evwo Ny‡i †eovb
1687. gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `‡Ëi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ bvUK 1704. gywi`‡ì KvQ †_‡K ewncxi Kx cvb? M Zv‡niv‡K we‡q Ki‡Z Pvq
†Kvb¸‡jv? k A_© m¤ú` L Abvì k QvcvLvbv w`‡Z Pvq
K †gNbvèa Kve¨ M Ae‡njv N Rwg-Rgv 1720. Rwg`v‡ii †Q‡j-†g‡q KZRb?
k K…òKzgvix 1705. Zv‡niv cx‡ii m‡½ we‡q‡Z ivwR bv n‡q k GK L `yB M wZb N Pvi
M G‡KB wK e‡j mf¨Zv cvwj‡q †Kv_vq AvkÖq †c‡q‡Q? 1721. ÔRv‡b euvwPqv AvwQ BnvB h‡_óÕ GLv‡b euvwPqv
N ey‡ov kvwj‡Ki Nv‡o †iv K dzdzi evwo L PvPvi evwo I BnvB k‡ãi PwjZ iƒc Kx?
1688. ÔG‡KB wK e‡j mf¨ZvÕ I Ôeyo mvwj‡Ki Nv‡o M †ev‡bi evwo k kniMvgx eRivq k †eu‡P I GUvB L euvwPqv I GUvB
†iuvÕ gaym~`‡bi Kx RvZxq iPbv? 1706. Zv‡niv‡K †Kvb kZ‡Ki cÖvi‡¤¢ bvix AwaKvi I M euvPv I GUv N †eu‡P I GBUv
K bvUK L Dcb¨vm M gnvKve¨ k cÖnmb RvMi‡Yi cÖZxK PwiÎ ejv hvq? 1722. Zv‡niv mevB‡K Kx Aby‡iva K‡i?
1689. gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `‡Ëi mgmvgwqK bvU¨Kvi †K? K AvVv‡iv L Dwbk k wek N GKzk K evwo †i‡L Avmvi Rb¨
k `xbeÜy wgÎ L gxi gkviid †nv‡mb 1707. nv‡kg Avwj Kvi cyÎ? L AvkÖ‡qi Rb¨
M wMwikP›`ª †Nvl N iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi K ewncx‡ii L nwKKzjøvni
k cxi mv‡ne‡K Zvi Lei bv †Ìqvi Rb¨
1690. iex›`ª-cieZx© D‡jøL‡hvM¨ bvUK †Kvb¸‡jv? M gywi‡ì k Rwg`v‡ii
N cxi mv‡ne‡K ZvovZvwo Rvbv‡bvi Rb¨
K jxjveZx k K‡jøvj 1708. nv‡kg Avwji Pwi‡Î †Kvb êwkó¨ we`¨gvb?
K Ajm k gvbexq g~j¨‡eva
1723. nv‡kg Kvi c‡ÿ K_v e‡j?
M mvRvnvb N Rwg`vi `c©Y K gvi L evevi
M fxZz N bgbxq
evsjv‡`‡ki bvU‡Ki mswÿß cwiwPwZcvVëB; c„ôv 37 1709. nv‡kg Avwj †Kgb gvbyl? k Zv‡nivi N ewncx‡ii
1691. KZ mv‡ji c~e© ch©šÍ KjKvZv wQj evsjv K hyw³nxb L AbvAvaywbK 1724. nv‡Zg Avwji †Kvb K_v mwZ¨ bq?
bvU¨PP©vi cÖvY‡K›`ª? k gvbweK Abyf‚wZm¤úbœ gvbyl k wZwb Amy¯’ L wZwb Rwg`vi
K 1945 L 1946 k 1947 N 1948 N ggZvnxbZv M Zuvi GK †Q‡j N †ikgcy‡i Rwg`vwi
1725. nv‡Zg Avwji Rwg`vwi GLb Kx n‡q‡Q? 1737. ewncxi gvV-Nv‡Ui fvlv eënvi K‡ib bv| 1746. DÏxc‡Ki †kl Ae¯’v †gvKv‡ejvi gva¨‡g
K A‡bï `L‡j †Kbbv ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki †Kvb Pwi‡Îi wgj Av‡Q?
k mvÜ¨ AvB‡b wbjv‡g DV‡Z e‡m‡Q i. G‡Z cweÎZv bvB k ewncxi L nv‡kg Avwj
M †Q‡j †K‡o wb‡q‡Q ii. G‡Z Mv¤¢xh© bvB M nv‡Zg Avwj N nwKKzjøvn
N Rwg`vwii Avq †e‡o‡Q iii. G‡Z Avè †jnvR bvB 1747. †kl Ae¯’vi †gvKvwejvq Dfq Pwi‡Î †h
1726. ÔwbgivwRÕ k‡ãi A_© Kx? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? êwkó¨‡K wb‡`©k K‡i Zv n‡jv
k cÖvq m¤§Z L m¤§Z Ki k i I ii M i I iii N i, ii I iii i. eyw×gËv
M A‡bK †ewk ivwR N cÖ¯‘Z 1738. ewncxi K_¨ fvlv‡K Zzjbv K‡i‡Qb ii. ev¯ÍeÁvbm¤úbœ
1727. mviv weKvj, mviv mÜ¨v nv‡Zg Avwji wK‡mi i. hvÎvi fvlvi m‡½ iii. gvbweK †PZbv
Avkvq KvUj? ii. gv‡Vi fvlvi m‡½ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K †Lv‡`Rvi Avkvq iii. Nv‡Ui fvlvi m‡½ Ki L ii M i I ii k i I iii
L Rwg`vwi wd‡i cvIqvi Avkv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
k evjëÜy Av‡bvqv‡ii Avkvq  DÏxcKwU c‡o 1748 I 1749bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
Ki L i I ii M i I iii k ii I iii
N ewncx‡ii Avkvq Avãyjøvn MÖv‡gi ¯‹z‡j gv÷vwi K‡ib| MÖv‡gi gvbyl
1739. K_¨ fvlv m¤ú‡K© ewncx‡ii gZ n‡jv, GwU [Aby. 4] Zv‡KI cxi g‡b K‡ib| KviY, Zuvi evevI cxi
1728. cywjk WvK‡j ev Zvi evc‡K Lei w`‡j Zv‡niv i. gvV-Nv‡Ui fvlv
Kx Ki‡e? wQ‡jb| †m Kvi‡Y MÖv‡gi GKRb eq¯‹ †jvK Zuvi
ii. mªóvi evYx enb Kivi Dchy³
k AvZ¥nZ¨v L nvZ †K‡U †dj‡e cv‡q mvjvg Ki‡Z hvb| wKš‘ Avãyjøvn Gm‡e
iii. †Lv`vi evYx enb Kivi Abychy³
M cxi mv‡ne‡K Lyb Ki‡e wek¦vm K‡ib bv| †mRb¨ wZwb mvjvg Ki‡Z bv
N Rwg`vi cwiev‡ii mevB‡K †g‡i †dj‡e Ki L ii M i I ii k i I iii
w`‡j eq¯‹ †jvK g‡b K‡i †e‡n‡¯Íi PvweUv GKUzi
1729. ÔAvwg †hb †Kvievwbi eKwiÕ evK¨wU‡Z cÖKvk Rb¨ dm‡K †Mj| [Aby. 9-10]
1740. ewncx‡ii gywiìv Zv‡K
†c‡q‡Q †KvbwU? 1748. DÏxc‡Ki Avãyjøv‡ni Kvh©µ‡g ÔewncxiÕ
i. Av‡óc„‡ô †eu‡a †i‡L‡Q
K Dcgv k Dr‡cÖÿv M hgK N †køl ii. Aemi †`q bvB bvU‡Ki wecixZ êwk‡óï PwiÎwU n‡jv
1730. cxi mv‡ne Zv‡niv‡K Kv‡Q ivLvi Kx Dcvq iii. Gev`Z Kivi dzimZ †`q bvB K nv‡kg Avwj L nv‡Zg Avwj
†ei K‡ib? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M nwKKzjøvn k ewncxi
k Zv‡niv‡K Avì †mœn w`‡Z Pvb Ki L i I ii M ii I iii k i, ii I iii 1749. ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki wecixZ Kvh©µ‡g Avãyjøvn
L A_© w`‡Z Pvb 1741. Rwg`vi nv‡Zg Avwj Amy¯’Zvi fvb K‡iwQ‡jb Pwi‡Î cÖKvwkZ w`KwU n‡jv
M Zv‡K ¯^vaxb g‡Zv Pj‡Z w`‡Z Pvb i. Rwg`vwi wbjv‡g IVvi Lei †Mvcb Kivi Rb¨ K a~Z©Zv L âh©kxjZv
N ¯‹z‡j fwZ© Kwi‡q w`‡Z Pvb ii. Rwg`vwi nvZQvov nIqvi Avk¼v †P‡c k Kzms¯‹vigy³ N fÐvwg
1731. Ô†Kv‡bv gvbyl nVvr AvkvZxZ KvR Ki‡Z ivLvi Rb¨  DÏxcKwU c‡o 1750 I 1751bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
cv‡iÕ Dw³wU Kvi? iii. XvKvq Avmvi GKUv wek¦vm‡hvM¨ KviY gvZ…nxbv ggZv eo n‡q‡Q Avjøvnfxiæ cx‡ii
K Zv‡niv L nv‡kg Avwj Dc¯’vc‡bi Rb¨ f³ wcZvi ZË¡veav‡b| cÖwZev‡ì fvlv †m
k ewncxi N nv‡Zg Avwj wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? Rv‡b bv| wKš‘ e„× cx‡ii mv‡_ Zvi wcZv Zvi
Ki L i I iii M ii I iii k i, ii I iii we‡q w`‡Z †M‡j †m Zvi cÖwZev` K‡i|
eûc`x mgvwßm~PK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi 1742. ewncxi Rwg`vi nv‡Zg Avwj‡K Zzjbv K‡ib 1750. DÏxc‡Ki ggZvi ga¨ w`‡q ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡K
1732. K¬vB‡g· (Climax) ej‡Z †evSvq i. Zx‡ii m‡½ ii. LyuwUi m‡½ Kvi K_v †evSv hvq?
i. Kvwnwbi DrKl© iii. e„‡ÿi m‡½ K †Lv‡`Rv k Zv‡niv
ii. Kvwnwbi P‚ovšÍ Ø›Ø wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M nwKKzjøvn N nv‡kg Avwj
iii. Kvwnwbi Mf© Ki L i I ii k iii N ii I iii 1751. DÏxc‡Ki ggZvi m‡½ ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡K
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 1743. ewncxi eyS‡Z †c‡iwQ‡jb Zvi ¯¿x Zv‡nivi wgj cvIqv hvq
Ki L ii M iii k i, ii I iii i. wKQy‡ZB GKwU cwievi‡K aŸsm n‡Z †`‡e bv
i. gvZ…nxbv nIqvq
1733. †nivwmg †¯úcvbwfP& †j‡e‡`d GKRb ii. cybivq Ni †Q‡o cvjv‡Z cv‡i
ii. weevwnZ GK e„‡×i mv‡_ we‡qi K_v nIqvq
i. evsjvq bvUK gÂvwqZ K‡ib iii. nv‡kg‡K we‡q Ki‡Z cv‡i
iii. mvnmx I cÖwZev`x nIqvq
ii. BD‡ivwcqvb wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
Ki L ii k i I ii N iii
iii. A¨vs‡jv BwÛqvb K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii k i, ii I iii
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? Awfbœ Z_¨wfwËK eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœvËi  DÏxcKwU c‡o 1752 I 1753bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
K ii k i I ii M i I iii N ii I iii Mwji †gv‡o RUjv †`‡L †eMg ivweqv GwM‡q
1734. c~e© evsjvi mgvRev¯ÍeZv I mgvRwPÎ †M‡jb| †`‡Lb GKwU cÖwZeÜx wK‡kvix‡K
Zvgï gnvR‡bi Rwg †e`Lj n‡q hv‡”Q| †m
Dc¯’vc‡b D‡jøL‡hvM¨ bvU¨Kvi Kvi‡Y Zuvi g‡b kvwšÍ †bB| evwo‡Z bv Rvwb‡q wN‡i †KŠZ‚njx gvbyl bvbv gšÍe¨ I gRv Ki‡Q|
i. byiæj †gv‡gb wZwb Rwg iÿvi Rb¨ †Kv‡U© hvb| Gme LiP †eMg ivweqv wK‡kvixwU‡K evwo‡Z VuvB †`b|
ii. iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi †RvMv‡bvi A_© †RvMv‡oi Rb¨ wZwb wec_ eo †Q‡j wRqv evmvq G‡m me †`‡L-ï‡b
iii. AvmKvi Be‡b kvBL Aej¤^b Ki‡Z wM‡q †ev‡av`q nq| [Aby. 5-6] wK‡kvixwU‡K wb‡q Wv³v‡ii Kv‡Q hvIqvi
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 1744. DÏxc‡Ki Zvgï gnvR‡bi mv‡_ ÔewncxiÕ cÖ¯Íve Kij| †eMg ivweqvi AvcwË‡Z †m
K i I ii k i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii bvU‡Ki †h PwiÎwU mv`„k¨c~Y
© ejj, Ôgv AvkÖq †ÌqvUvB me bq| †m GKRb
1735. ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki cwi‡e‡k dz‡U D‡V‡Q K nwKKzjøvn L nv‡kg Avwj AwUw÷K wK‡kvix| Zvi wPwKrmvi cÖ‡qvRb|Õ
i. cvwbi kã, `~‡i Rvnv‡Ri wmwU aŸwb k nv‡Zg Avwj N Rwg`vi wMwbœ 1752. DÏxc‡Ki Ô†eMg ivweqvÕ Pwi‡Îi mv‡_
ii. Zx‡i †dwiIqvjvi nuvKvnuvwK 1745. †Kvb êwk‡óï Kvi‡Y Dfq PwiÎ mv`„k¨c~Y©? ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki †Kvb PwiÎwU mv`„k¨c~Y©?
iii. fvwUqvwj Mv‡bi AwZÿxY †ik k Rwg`vwiZ¡ iÿvi Rb¨ KwVb cixÿvi m¤§yLxb K Zv‡nivi mrgv L Zv‡niv
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? L cxi mv‡n‡ei cÖZviYvi wkKvi k †Lv‡`Rv N nv‡kg Avwj
M mšÍvb nviv‡bvi Rb¨ KwVb cixÿvi m¤§yLxb
Ki L ii M iii k i, ii I iii 1753. DÏxc‡Ki wRqvi ga¨ w`‡q cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q
N eRivq `yN©Ubvi wkKvi
1736. ewncx‡ii eB‡qi fvlvq K_v ejvi KviY ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki nv‡kg Avwji
i. †`‡ki bvbv ¯’v‡b Zvi gywi` i. mnvbyf‚wZ
gvZei a~Z©cÖK…wZi †jvK| eqm n‡q‡Q A_P
ii. G‡KK ¯’v‡b G‡KK X‡Oi Revb ii. `vwqZ¡‡eva
¯^fve e`jvqwb| ey‡ov eq‡m KwjgywÏi †g‡q‡K
iii. K_¨ fvlvi eënvi Zvi Kv‡Q KUz †V‡K we‡q Kivi eë¯’v K‡i| wKš‘ †g‡qwU we‡qi iii. †R`
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? iv‡ZB iv‡R‡bi mv‡_ cvjv‡j gvZei Zv †g‡b wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
Ki L i I ii M ii I iii k i, ii I iii †bq| [Aby. 7-8] k i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
AwaK Abykxj‡bi
kxl©¯’vbxq ¯‹z‡ji wbe©vPwb cixÿvi gva¨‡g †miv
cÖkcœ Î : m„Rbkxj cÖ¯‘wZ wbwðZ
Ki‡Z AviI
1 †dbx Mvj©m K¨v‡WU K‡jR evsjv cÖ_g cÎ : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ
1  AviR Avjx gvZzeŸi GKRb ¯^wkwÿZ gvbyl| ewikv‡ji GK cÖZ¨šÍ MÖv‡g Zvi 6
evwo| evj¨Kvj †_‡K bZzb wKQy Rvbv Ges eB‡qi cÖwZ AvMÖn wQj cÖPzi| Avw_©K
Am”QjZvi Kvi‡Y Zvi †ewk `~i †jLvcov n‡q I‡Vwb| wKš‘ eB‡qi cÖwZ Zvi eB
A`g¨ AvMÖ‡ni Kv‡Q mKj cÖwZeÜKZv nvi gv‡b| cieZ©x mg‡q wZwb ewikv‡ji
cvewjK jvB‡eªwi‡Z Lye mvgvb¨ †eZ‡b PvKwi †bb| jvB‡eªwii eB cwi®‹vi Kivi K. gZje wgqv †K? 1
duv‡K duv‡K eB‡qi g‡a¨ eyu` n‡q _vK‡Zb| eB covB n‡q I‡V Zvi GKgvÎ L. ÔGKwU bZzb c„w_exi Rb¥ n‡Z P‡j‡QÕ ej‡Z Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
†bkv| Avi G †bkvB Zv‡K cieZ©x mg‡q GKRb `vk©wb‡K cwiYZ K‡i| M. wPÎ-1 G Ô†Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨, †n ¯^vaxbZvÕ KweZvi †Kvb w`KwU
mywkwÿZ †jvK gvÎB †h ¯^wkwÿZ Zv AviR Avjx gvZzeŸ‡ii †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨| cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q? e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
K. cÖg_ †PŠayixi ˆcwÎK wbevm †Kv_vq? 1 N. Ò¯^vaxbZvhy‡× bvixi Ae`vb mgy¾¡j Z¨v‡Mi gwngvq, msMÖvgx †PZbvqÓÑ
L. Ô†h RvwZi Áv‡bi fvÐvi k~b¨, †m RvwZi a‡bi fuv‡oI fevbxÕÑ Dw³wU wPÎ-2 I Ô†Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨, †n ¯^vaxbZvÕ KweZvi Av‡jv‡K
Øviv Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? e¨vL¨v Ki| 2 Dw³wUi h_v_©Zv wbiƒcY Ki| 4
M. evOvwj mgvR fvebvq A_©‰bwZK cÖm½ DÏxc‡K I ÔeB covÕ cÖe‡Ü 7  gv ZzB hvm‡b Avi H ew`¨ evwo
Kxfv‡e dz‡U D‡V‡Q? e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 GKjv N‡i †Zvi mv‡_ AvR euvae Avwo|
N. ÒmywkwÿZ †jvK gvÎB ¯^wkwÿZÓ gšÍe¨wU DÏxcK I ÔeB covÕ cÖe‡Üi Pzc K‡i _vK j²x †LvKv GB‡Zv Avwg|
Av‡jv‡K g~j¨vqb Ki| 4 hv‡ev Avm‡ev ew`¨gkvq A‡bK `vwg
2  wkeevwoi eo gw›ì| c~Rvi g¯Í Av‡qvR‡b e¨¯Í MÖv‡gi mK‡j| my›ì K‡i ZzB Qvov †gvi fyebLvbv k¥kb Kv‡jv
mvRv‡bv n‡q‡Q gw›ì| MÖv‡gi Rwg`vi wbR nv‡Z gw›ì mvRv‡bvi KvR Ki‡Qb| my¯’ n‡q Kiwe Avgvi †Kvj †h Av‡jv|
cv‡ki MÖvg †_‡K f³iv Avm‡Q gv‡qi c~Rv w`‡Z| cy‡ivwn‡Zi K‡É g‡š¿i wVK Av‡Q gv, Avb‡M Ilya GB †ejv|
D”Pvi‡Y c~Rv ïiæ n‡jv| cy‡ivwnZ gš¿ covi duv‡K duv‡K c~Rvi NÈv evRvb| Kvj‡K Avevi cvovi gv‡V †mB †Ljv|
Ggb mgq M‡R© DVj Rwg`v‡ii KÉ| gw›`‡i c~Rv w`‡Z G‡m‡Q GK †g_‡ii K. mvZ bwe wmKvq Kx †eu‡a ivLvi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q? 1
M„nea~| Rwg`vi ejj, Ô†QvU RvZ n‡q gv‡qi gw›`‡i c~Rv †èvi kL?Ó L. ÔAuvav‡ii mv‡_ hywSqv Zvnvi dziv‡q G‡m‡Q †ZjÕ e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
Rwg`v‡ii wb‡`©‡k Zv‡K Mjv av°v w`‡q †ei K‡i †Ìqv n‡jv gw›ì †_‡K| M. DÏxc‡Ki †LvKvi mv‡_ ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvi †Q‡jwUi mv`„k¨ †Kv_vq?
AuvPj w`‡q †PvL gyQ‡Z gyQ‡Z P‡j †Mj M„nea~| Avevi ïiæ n‡jv c~Rv| wbY©q Ki| 3
K. KvOvjxi evevi bvg Kx? 1 N. ÒmšÍvb evrmj¨B DÏxc‡Ki †LvKvi gv ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvi cwjø gv‡K
L. ÔevMw`-`y‡j N‡ii †KD KL‡bv Ilya †L‡q euv‡P bvÕÑ e¨vL¨v Ki| 2 GK m~‡Î †eu‡a‡QÓ Av‡jvPbv Ki| 4
M. DÏxc‡Ki g~jfve ÔAfvMxi ¯^M©Õ M‡íi †Kvb NUbv‡K wb‡`©k K‡i? e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 8  ¯^vaxbZv, evsjv‡`k-GB g‡Zv kã †_‡K Iiv
N. Ò†g_‡ii M„nea~‡K gw›ì †_‡K †ei K‡i †Ìqvq ZrKvjxb wn›`y Avgv‡K wew”Qbœ K‡i ivL‡Q me©`v| A_P Rv‡bbv Iiv †KD
mgv‡Ri msKxY© g‡biB cwiPq cvIqv hvqÓÑ Dw³wUi mZ¨Zv AfvMxi Mv‡Qi cvZvq, dzUcv‡Z
¯^MÕ© M‡íi Av‡jv‡K hvPvB Ki| 4 cvwLi cvj‡K wKsev bvixi `y'†Pv‡L
3  †Zvgiv GKZviv evRvB‡qv bv, †`vZviv evRvB‡qv bv c‡_i ay‡jvq
wMUvi Avi e½ evRvi †i, †Zvgiv wMUvi Avi e½ evRvI †i ew¯Íi `yišÍ †Q‡jUvi
GKZv evRvB‡j g‡b cBov hvq, GKw`b evOvwj wQjvg †i| nv‡Zi gy‡Vvq
K. Ôˆggbwmsn MxwZKvÕ m¤úv`bv K‡ib †K? 1 me©`vB †`wL R¡‡j ¯^vaxbZv bvgK kãwU|
L. Ôb‡Pr G mKj †Kewj fzqv, †Kewj dw°KviÕÑ eywS‡q †jL| 2 K. eyav‡K †K QbœQvov e‡j Wv‡K? 1
M. DÏxc‡K ÔcwjømvwnZ¨Õ cÖe‡Üi †Kvb w`KwU dz‡U D‡V‡Q?Ñ e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 L. ÔIi mvg‡b †R‡M I‡V GKwU fqven KzwUj ivZÕÑ e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
N. ÒDÏxcKwU ÔcwjømvwnZ¨Õ cÖe‡Üi welqe¯‘‡K mvgwMÖKfv‡e aviY M. DÏxcKwU ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi eyavi mv‡_ Kxfv‡e mv`„k¨c~Y©? e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
K‡iwbÓÑ gšÍe¨wU wePvi-we‡kølY Ki| 4 N. DÏxcKwU ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dbc¨v‡mi mgMÖ fve‡K aviY K‡i wK? hyw³mn
4  c‡b‡iv eQi eq‡m evwoi eo eD n‡q G‡m‡Q we›`y| Zvi †Pv‡Li Pvnwb †hb cÖgvY Ki| 4
KweZvq †gvov‡bv GK Q›`gq KweZv| evwoi cuvwP‡ji av‡i Mv‡Q Mv‡Q Av‡gi gyKzj 9  gyw³Kvgx `yišÍ cw_K wecø‡ei AwMœg‡š¿ `xwÿZ GK gy³ ˆmwbK| †m Rv‡b gyw³i
G‡j Avi `wÿYv evZvm gb Quy‡q †M‡j †m eyS‡Z cv‡i aivZ‡j emšÍ G‡m‡Q| Z‡e c_ eÜzi c_| †m c‡_ c‡_ g„Zz¨ Iur †c‡Z Av‡Q| Zey KiæY g„Zz¨‡K Avwj½b
wek¦RMr Zvi FZzi myavcvÎ nv‡Z K‡i †hgb K‡iB WvK w`K bv †Kb, we›`y eyS‡Z Ki‡Z Zvi †Kv‡bv wØav †bB| KviY `yišÍ cw_K wPišÍb gyw³Kvgx|
cv‡i AwZ Zz”Q BU-Kv‡Vi AšÍiv‡jB Zv‡K wZ‡j wZ‡j gi‡Z n‡e| we‡qi wekwU K. Ô†cvKvgvK‡oi NiemwZÕ Kvi †jLv? 1
eQi ci †m Avwe®‹vi K‡i wb‡R‡K| †`‡L msmv‡ii cÖwZw`bKvi RxebhvÎvi L. ÔGevi g„Zzï DrcvZ ïiæ K‡i wfbœ iK‡gi gvbylÕÑ G K_v Øviv Kx
g‡a¨ KLb †m nvwi‡q †d‡j‡Q Zvi e¨w³K mË¡v‡K, Zvi Kvwe¨K mË¡v‡K| †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
K. ejvBPuv` gy‡Lvcva¨vq †Kvb cwÎKvq e¨v½vZ¥K KweZv I c¨v‡ivwW wj‡L M. ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi †Kvb w`KwU DÏxc‡K cÖwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q? e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
mvwnZ¨v½‡b cÖ‡ek K‡ib? 1 N. ÒDÏxc‡Ki `yišÍ cw_K I ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi eyav mgag©x n‡jI
L. ÔwbgMv‡Qi B‡”Q Ki‡Z jvM‡jv †jvKUvi m‡½ P‡j †h‡ZÕÑ †Kb? eywS‡q †jL| 2 cy‡ivcywi GK bqÓ gšÍe¨wUi †ÿ‡Î †Zvgvi gZvgZ e¨³ Ki| 4
M. DÏxc‡Ki we›`yi mv‡_ ÔwbgMvQÕ M‡íi cÖZxKx wbgMv‡Qi I j¶¥xeDi 10  `yišÍ nwiYxi g‡Zv PÂjv ¯^fv‡ei †g‡q Rwgjv eD n‡q hvi N‡i Av‡m Zvi bvg gwR`|
mv`„k¨/êmv`„k¨ wbiƒcY Ki| 3 †jvKwU MÖv‡gi mnR mij gvbyl¸‡jvi AmnvqZvi my‡hvM wb‡q AÁvZbvgv cÖvPxb Kei‡K
N. ÒDÏxcKwU ÔwbgMvQÕ M‡íi g~jMí‡K Dc¯’vcb K‡i‡QÕ ÔwbgMvQÕ gvRvi wn‡m‡e cÖwZwôZ K‡i cÖfve cÖwZcwË M‡o Zz‡j‡Q| Rwgjv gwR`‡K cÖ_g †`Lvi
M‡íi Av‡jv‡K Dw³wU we‡kølY Ki| 4 AwfÁZv e¨³ Ki‡Z wM‡q e‡j, ÒZq †`BLv Avwg KB; `y¨Z, Zzwg Avgvi j‡M g¯‹iv Ki
5  DÏxcK-1 †Lv‡`Rv eyey| KviY Kx Avwg fvejvg, Zvwb eywS `yjvi evc|Ó
GB c„w_ex‡Z GK ¯’vb Av‡QÑ me‡P‡q my›ì KiæY; K. ÔewncxiÕ bvUKwU KZ mv‡j cÖKvwkZ nq? 1
†mLv‡b meyR WvOv fÕ‡i Av‡Q gayK‚cx Nv‡m Aweij; L. ÔZvnviv Zvnv‡ì bZzb Rxe‡bi c‡_ hvB‡Z‡QÕÑ ewncx‡ii Giƒc Dw³i
†mLv‡b Mv‡Qi bvg : KuvVvj, Ak¦Ì, eU, Rviæj, wnRj; KviY e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki Rwgjv Pwi‡Îi mv‡_ ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki Zv‡nivi mv`„k¨c~Y©
†mLv‡b †fv‡ii †g‡N bvUvi i‡Oi g‡Zv RvwM‡Q AiæY| w`KwU Zz‡j ai| 3
DÏxcK-2 N. Òag©‡K cuywR K‡i ¯^xq ¯^v_© PwiZv_© KivB gwR` Ges ewncx‡ii cÖK…Z ag©ÓÑ
mÜ¨v n‡j? †gŠgvwQ PvK Av‡Rv euv‡a bv wK DÏxcK I ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki Av‡jv‡K gšÍe¨wU hvPvB Ki| 4
Rv‡gi wbweo Nb Wv‡j, †gŠ LvIqv n‡q †M‡j Av‡Rv Zviv 11  mÜ¨v‡ejv cyKzi Nv‡U cvwb wb‡Z wM‡q AÁvb n‡q hvq wgbwZ| cwiev‡ii mK‡ji
D‡o hvq Kzqvkvq mÜ¨vi evZv‡mÑ Ges cÖwZ‡ekx‡ì wek¦vm Zvi Dci wRb-f~‡Zi AvQi c‡o‡Q| kxNÖB †Kv‡bv cxi-
K‡Zv `y‡i hvq, Avnv... A_ev nq‡Zv †KD PvjZvi SivcvZv R¡v‡j dwK‡ii Kv‡Q wb‡Z n‡e| G wm×v‡šÍ †Nvi we‡ivwaZv K‡i wgbwZi wek¦we`¨vjq co–
gayi Pv‡Ki wb‡PÑ gvwQ¸‡jv D‡o hvq... S‡i c‡o... gÕ‡i _v‡K Nv‡m| qv wcmZz‡Zv fvB myKzgvi| †m wgbwZ‡K Dc‡Rjv ¯^v¯’¨‡K‡›`ª wb‡q Wv³vi †`Lv‡j
K. ÔgvjëvbÕ Kx RvZxq iPbv? 1 `ªæZ my¯’ n‡q I‡V| g~jZ kvixwiK `ye©jZvi Kvi‡YB GgbwU n‡qwQj|
L. Ô†mw`bI †`wL‡e ¯^cœÕ ej‡Z Kwe Kx †evSv‡Z †P‡q‡Qb? 2 K. m~h©v¯Í AvBb KZ mv‡j cÖYxZ nq? 1
M. DÏxcK-1 I Ô†mBw`b GB gvVÕ KweZvq cÖvK…wZK †mŠ›`h©gqZvi †h wPÎ L. ÔLvwj KPzwicvbv, †Kej KPzwicvbv †f‡m hvqÕÑ †K KLb †Kb GB Dw³wU
Aw¼Z n‡q‡Q Zv wPwýZ Ki| 3 K‡i‡Q? e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
N. Òe¨w³ gvbyl nvwi‡q hvq cÖK…wZi A‡gvN wbq‡g wKš‘ c„w_exi Mí¸‡jv M. DÏxc‡Ki myKzgvi I ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki nv‡k‡gi †PZbvi mv`„k¨ wePvi Ki| 3
†eu‡P _v‡K wPiKvjÓ DÏxcK-2 I Ô†mBw`b GB gvVÕ KweZvi Av‡jv‡K N. ÒDÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ mgvReë¯’vi mv‡_ dz‡U IVv welq †_‡K cwiÎvYB
Dw³wU wePvi Ki| 4 ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki wkÿYxq w`K|ÓÑ gšÍe¨wU we‡kølY Ki| 4
2 gqgbwmsn Mvj©m K¨v‡WU K‡jR evsjv cÖ_g cÎ : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

K AskM`¨ K. gw›`‡ii ìRv eÜ K‡iwQj †K? 1
1  `yB cyÎmšÍv‡bi ci Kb¨vmšÍvb cjvk eveyi cwiev‡i Avb‡›ì eb¨v wb‡q L. ÔgvbylÕ KweZvq Kwe nvZzwo kvej Pvjv‡Z e‡j‡Qb †Kb? 2
G‡jv| bvg ivLv n‡jv Kj¨vYx| mK‡ji †Pv‡Li gwY Kj¨vYx †e‡o IVvi M. DÏxc‡Ki e³‡eï mv‡_ ÔgvbylÕ KweZvi cy‡ivwn‡Zi AvPi‡Yi
mv‡_ mv‡_ cjvk evey eyS‡Z cvi‡jb eq‡mi Zzjbvq Kj¨vYxi gvbwmK cv_©K¨ e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
weKvk N‡Uwb| wKQy ej‡j d¨vj d¨vj K‡i †P‡q _v‡K| Kj¨vYxi we‡qi N. DÏxc‡Ki e³e¨‡K wK ÔgvbylÕ KweZvi Kwei AvKv•ÿvi cÖwZdjb ejv hvq? 4
K_vevZ©v Pj‡Q| cjvk evey Kj¨vYxi meB eicÿ‡K Ly‡j ej‡jb| me 7  ev`kv evei Kuvw`qv wdwi‡Q wb` bvwn †Pv‡L Zuvi
ï‡b e‡ii evev my‡eva evey ej‡jb, Avgvi †Q‡jI †Zv Kj¨vYxi gZ n‡Z cyÎ Zuvnvi ûgvqyb eywS euv‡P bv Gevi Avi|
cviZ| Kv‡RB Kj¨vYx gv‡K N‡i wb‡Z Avgv‡ì †Kv‡bv AvcwË †bB| Pvwiav‡i Zuvi Nbv‡q G‡m‡Q giY AÜKvi|.
K. myfvi MÖv‡gi bvg Kx? 1 K. euvke‡b e‡m †Kvb cvwL Wv‡K? 1
L. wcZv-gvZvi bxie n„`qfvi K_vwU Øviv †jLK Kx †evSv‡Z †P‡q‡Qb? 2 L. ÔAv‡Rv †iv‡M Zvi c_¨ †Rv‡UwbÕ †Kb? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g As‡ki e³‡e¨ Kj¨vYx I myfvi †h we‡kl M. DÏxc‡Ki welqe¯‘ †Zvgvi cwVZ KweZvi m‡½ KZUzKz
w`KwUi m½wZ †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q Zv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 mv`„k¨c~Y©, e¨L¨v Ki| 3
N. Kj¨vYx I myfv GKB cwiw¯’wZi wkKvi n‡jI Df‡qi †cÖÿvcU N. cÖwZdwjZ w`KwU ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvi mvgwMÖK fve‡K aviY K‡i
I cwiYwZ wfbœ we‡kølY Ki| 4 wK? hyw³mn Dc¯’vcb Ki| 4
2  Kwei Rvg©vwb‡Z _v‡K| mcwiev‡i| `yB hyM a‡i| I‡qj †m‡UjW hv‡K M AskDcb¨vm
e‡j| wKš‘ gb Zvi c‡o Av‡Q êij, gqgbwms‡n| GLv‡b Zvi †K‡U‡Q 8  mvgv` mv‡ne e¨vs‡K K¨vwkqvi wn‡m‡e 30 eQi hver Kg©iZ Av‡Qb|
ˆkke I ˆK‡kv‡ii `yišÍ w`b¸‡jv| me †Q‡o gb Pvq Dovj w`‡Z XvKvi
c‡_| mevi Av‡M Awd‡m Av‡mb Ges me‡k‡l Awdm Z¨vM K‡ib| GKw`b
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L. KwP cvZv¸‡jv LvqI A‡b‡K †Kb Lvq? 2 wZwb cybivq wd‡i Av‡mb| Zvi Kvi‡Y Kv‡iv GZUzKz Kó hv‡Z bv nq
M. Ayb‡”Q‡ì e³‡eï m‡½ ÔwbgMvQÕ M‡íi †Kv‡bv wgj Av‡Q wK? †jL| 3 †m e¨vcv‡i wZwb †ek m‡PZb|
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†Zvgvi g~j¨vqb e¨³ Ki| 4 L. ivZ wbR©b c‡_ KZ fq ZeyI ivbvi †Qv‡U| ivbvi †Kb †Qv‡U? 2
3  mygb I k¨vgj evjëÜy| `yRbB D”Pwkÿvq wkwÿZ| †ckvMZ Rxe‡b mygb M. DÏxc‡Ki mvgv` mv‡n‡ei gv‡S ÔivbviÕ KweZvi ivbvi Pwi‡Îi
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Zv‡K GK bv‡g †P‡b| Avi k¨vgj wkÿKZv‡K †ckv wn‡m‡e †e‡Q †bq| N. mvgv` mv‡ne ivbvi Pwi‡Îi we‡kl w`K‡K aviY Ki‡jI ivbvi
MZ wmW‡i Zv‡ì MÖvg jÐfÐ n‡q hvq| G mgq k¨vgj Zvi QvÎ‡ì wb‡q ¯^Zš¿ gšÍe¨wUi h_v_©Zv hvPvB Ki| 4
ÎvYmvgMÖx msMÖn K‡i Amnvq gvbyl‡ì Kv‡Q †cuŠ‡Q †`q| Zv‡ì AvkÖ‡qi 9  7B gv‡P©i fvlY ï‡b M‡R© I‡V K‡jRcyoqv Avey mvC`| Suvwc‡q c‡o
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K. gvbe Rxe‡b gyw³i Rb¨ †gvZv‡ni †nv‡mb †PŠayix KqwU Dcv‡qi MÖv‡g AvµgY K‡i| evwoNi R¡vwj‡q †`q| hv‡K †hLv‡b †c‡q‡Q
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L. AvZ¥vi Ag„Z Dcjwä Kiv hvq bv †Kb? 2 ¯^Rb nviv‡bvi Lei| wKš‘ †m Avcmnxb| Zvi GKUvB cÖwZÁv G‡`‡ki
M. DÏxc‡Ki myg‡bi gv‡S Ôwkÿv I gbyl¨Z¡Õ cÖe‡Üi †h w`KwU gvwU †_‡K I‡ì Zvov‡ZB n‡e|
cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q Zv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 K. †K eyav‡K gvwbKiZb e‡j WvKZ? 1
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gbyl¨Z¡Õ cÖe‡Üi Av‡jv‡K gšÍe¨wU we‡kølY Ki| 4 M. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z Kvwnwb ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi †h we‡kl w`KwUi
4  ¯^vaxb evsjv †eZvi‡K›`ª gyw³‡hv×v‡ì D¾xweZ Ki‡Z †bc_¨ f‚wgKv Bw½Z K‡i Zv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
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M. DÏxc‡Ki fvebv ÔGKvË‡ii w`b¸wjÕi †Kvb w`K‡K D‡š§vwPZ ARynv‡Z cÖRv‡ì nv‡ji ej`, N‡ii wUb, cyKz‡ii gvQ a‡i wb‡q
K‡i‡Q? e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 Av‡m| †KD cÖwZev` Ki‡j Zv‡K MÖvgQvov K‡i| MÖv‡gi mvwjk-wePvi
N. DÏxc‡Ki Abyfe ÔGKvË‡ii w`b¸wjÕi mgMÖ Abyfe‡K aviY meB nv‡mg e¨vcvixi Bw½‡Z P‡j| ZvB mvaviY gvbyl KvbvNylv K‡i
K‡i wK? g~j¨vqb Ki| 4 nv‡mg e¨vcvix †hb Rwg`v‡ii Rwg`vi|
L AskKweZv K. kvwšÍ KwgwUi †Pqvig¨vb †K wQj? 1
5  G Avgvi ˆkk‡ei b`x, GB R‡ji cÖnvi L. †h gvby‡li `„wó‡Z fvlv †bB, eyavi g‡Z †m gvbyl †Kb gvbyl bq? 2
mvivw`b Zxi fv‡O, cvK Lvq, †Nvjv †mÖvZ Uv‡b M. DÏxc‡Ki nv‡mg e¨vcvixi mv‡_ ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡m ewY©Z
wKQyB LyuwRwb Avwg hZevi G‡mwQ G Zx‡i Avnv` gywÝ Pwi‡Îi mv`„‡kï w`KwU e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
bxieZ…wßi Rb¨ Avbg‡b e‡m †_‡K Nv‡m N. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z w`KwUB ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi GKgvÎ w`K
wbg©j evZvm †U‡b eûÿY f‡iwQ G eyK| bq hyw³mn eywS‡q †jL| 4
K. ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ †Kvb ai‡bi KweZv? 1 11  AvRv‡ì evev bvgKiv cxi wQ‡jb| wKš‘ AvRv` cov‡jLv wk‡L‡Qb|
L. K‡cvZvÿ b‡ì Kv‡Q Kwei cÖv_©bv Kx? 2 kn‡i PvKwi K‡ib| `xN©w`b ci MÖv‡g †eov‡Z Av‡mb| MÖv‡gi gyiweŸ
M. we‡`‡k _vK‡j †`‡ki AwZ mvaviY wRwbmI gb‡K cÖejfv‡e bvov Zvi Kv‡Q G‡m Zv‡K mvjvg Ki‡Z hvq| AvRv` mv‡ne wb‡RB Zv‡K
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N. Ô¯^‡`kfvebv I AZxZ weayiZvq K‡cvZvÿ b` n‡q D‡V‡Q Kwei ms‡e`¨ Av‡iKRb Zvi Kv‡Q cvwbcov wb‡Z Av‡m| Zv‡K AvRv` mv‡ne
Rxe‡bi cÖZxKÕ DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K Dw³wUi h_v_©Zv g~j¨vqb Ki| 4 †evSv‡bvi †Póv K‡ib|
6  RMr Rywoqv GK RvwZ Av‡Q K. ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki cÖ_g msjvcwU Kvi? 1
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kxZ Zvc ÿzav Z…òvi R¡vjv M. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z MÖv‡gi gvbyl¸‡jvi Kvh©µ‡g ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡K
mevB Avgiv mgvb eywS, cÖwZdwjZ mgv‡Ri †Kvb wPÎ‡K Bw½Z K‡i Zv Zz‡j ai| 3
e‡Y© e‡Y© bvB‡i we‡kl N. DÏxc‡Ki AvRv` PwiÎwU ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki ewncx‡ii g‡Zv ag©
wbwLj RMr eªþgq eëmvqx bq gšÍe¨wU wePvi Ki| 4
3 RqcyinvU Mvj©m K¨v‡WU K‡jR evsjv cÖ_g cÎ : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

1  Awbkv G eQi GmGmwm cixÿv †`‡e| †ivKb mv‡ne, Awbkvi evev K. ÔAvRvwii wPbÕ k‡ãi A_© Kx? 1
wewRGm wel‡qi GKRb wkÿ‡Ki wbK‡U Zvi covïbvi `vq-`vwqZ¡ w`‡jb L. Kwe Kvjvcvnvo‡K AvnŸvb Rvwb‡q‡Qb †Kb? 2
hv‡Z Zvi †g‡q welqwfwËK G+ †c‡q GmGmwm cvm Ki‡Z cv‡i| Awbkvi M. ˆZqeyi mv‡ne ÔgvbylÕ KweZvq ewY©Z †h Pwi‡Îi wecixZ mËv Zv
evÜex ivwgmvni evev †iRIqvb mv‡ne GKRb Aa¨vcK| Zvi wPšÍv fvebv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
AbïKg| wZwb g‡b K‡ib, we`¨v AR©b Ki‡Z nq wkÿv_©x‡K Ges Zvi N. ÔgvbylÕ KweZvq ewY©Z fÐ‡ì gvbwmKZv cwieZ©‡b ˆZqeyi mv‡n‡ei
AR©‡bi †ÿ‡Î wkÿK ïay mnvqK e‡U| KviY cixÿvq wRwcG-5 jvf Avi g‡Zv e¨w³‡ì cÖ‡qvRxqZv AcwimxgÑ gZvgZwU we‡kølY Ki| 4
mywkwÿZ nIqv GK bq| mywkwÿZ n‡Z n‡j g‡bi cÖmvi ìKvi hv ïaygvÎ 7  nq‡Zv LB‡qi avb Qov‡Z‡Q wkï GK DVv‡bi Nv‡m;
wkÿv cÖwZôvb †_‡K jä wkÿv wKsev wkÿ‡Ki †ndvR‡Z †jLvcov Ki‡jB iƒcmvi †Nvjv R‡j nq‡Zv wK‡kvi GK mv`v †Quov cv‡j
nq bv| Zvi Rb¨ eB covi Af¨vm M‡o Zzj‡Z n‡e| wWOv evq; ivOv †gN muvZiv‡q AÜKv‡i Avwm‡Z‡Q bx‡o
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M. DÏxc‡Ki Awbkvi evevi `„wófw½ ÔeB covÕ cÖe‡Üi †jL‡Ki m‡½ L. Rwgjvi gvÕi k~b¨ Lv Lv ivbœvNi ïK‡bv _vjv ej‡Z Kwe Kx
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N. †iRIqvb mv‡n‡ei gZv`k©B ÔeB covÕ cÖe‡Üi g~j K_v| gšÍe¨wU M. DÏxc‡K dz‡U IVv wP‡Îi mv‡_ ÔAvwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bBÕ KweZvi
we‡kølY Ki| 4 mv`„‡kï w`KwU e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
2  e„‡ÿi w`‡K ZvKv‡j Rxe‡bi ¸iæZ¡ Dcjwä mnR nq| ZvB evievi †mw`‡K N. ÔRb¥f~wgi m‡½ gvby‡li Rxeb Mfxifv‡e m¤úwK©ZÕÑ DÏxcK Ges
ZvKv‡bv cÖ‡qvRb| gvwUi im †U‡b wb‡q wb‡R‡K †gvUv‡mvUv K‡i Zzj‡ZB KweZvq †m w`KwUB my¯úó| hyw³ w`‡q wePvi Ki| 4
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Ggb RxešÍ `„óvšÍ Avi †bB| cvnvoZwji BD‡ivwcqvb K¬v‡e mdj nvgjvi ci weªwUk kvmK‡ì UbK
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L. ÔgvwUi wfZi wkKo A‡bK `~‡i P‡j †M‡QÕÑ G K_v w`‡q †jLK Kx R‰bK e¨w³ Zvi Ae¯’v‡bi mÜvb w`‡j wZwb aiv c‡ob Ges Zuv‡K
eywS‡q‡Qb? 2 wbg©gfv‡e nZ¨v Kiv nq|
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Ki| 3 L. fve‡Z fve‡Z eyavi †PvL wf‡R I‡V †Kb? 2
N. DÏxcKwU ÔwbgMvQÕ cÖe‡Üi g~jfve‡K cy‡ivcywi cÖKvk K‡i bvÑ M. DÏxc‡K gv÷vi `v m~h‡© mb Gi cwiYwZ Ges ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ
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3  cÖev‡m emevm Kiv gyimvjvZ QywU‡Z evevi mv‡_ MÖv‡gi evwo‡Z †eov‡Z N. DÏxcKwU ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi GKwU w`K gvÎ, m¤ú~Y© bqÑ
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ciw`b AveviI †gjvq Qy‡U hvq Ges G ai‡bi Mvb¸‡jv msMÖn K‡i wb‡q Kvi‡Y AKvi‡Y Zz”Q welq wb‡q cÖvqB `ye©ënvi K‡i| wbiæcvq †Kóv mewKQy
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L. ÔAvaywbK wkÿvi Kg©bvkv †mªvZÕ ej‡Z Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? 2 M. DÏxc‡K ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ DcbÄ‡mi †Kvb we‡kl w`KwU dz‡U D‡V‡Q|
M. DÏxc‡K ÔcwjømvwnZ¨Õ cÖe‡Üi Av‡jvwPZ w`KwUi e¨vL¨v `vI| 3 Zz‡j ai| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki gyimvjvZ‡K ÔcwjømvwnZ¨Õ cÖe‡Üi †¯^”Qv‡meK `‡ji N. ÒMÖv‡gi Ae‡nwjZ, cÖvwšÍK GK wK‡kv‡ii ˆ`bw›`b RxebmsMÖv‡gi
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K. MÖv‡gi GKv‡šÍ †Kvb b`xi Zx‡i k¥kvb? 1 UvKvi Afv‡e eo fvB cv‡ki GjvKvi GKRb eq¯‹ gvby‡li m‡½ we‡q wVK
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M. DÏxc‡K ÔAfvMxi ¯^M©Õ M‡íi †h mgvRwP‡Îi cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q Zvi Av‡iK †eKvi †Q‡j iZb Gi m‡½ we‡q †`qvi †Póv K‡i| G‡ZI †m ivwR
e¨vL¨v `vI| 3 nq bv| cov‡jLv Kivi A`k¨ B”Qv Zvi| Ae‡k‡l fvexi mn‡hvwMZvq
N. ÔmvgšÍev‡ì wbôzi iƒc Ges wbPz †kªwYi nZ`wi`ª gvby‡li `ytL-K‡ói GKw`b Zvi cQ‡›ì †Q‡ji mv‡_ ARvbvi D‡Ï‡k †ewi‡q c‡o|
GK cÖvgvY¨ `wjj ÔAfvMxi ¯^MÕ© Ñ G K_vi h_v_©Zv Zz‡j ai| 4 K. eRiv †Kvb Nv‡U †_‡gwQj? 1
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KvÐvwi! AvR †`wLe †Zvgvi gvZ…gyw³cY| n‡q‡Q? 2
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KvÐvwi! ej Wywe‡Q gvbyl, mšÍvb †gvi gvi| K‡i? e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
K. me ¯§„wZ gy‡Q w`‡Z Kx D`¨Z? 1 N. ÔwkDwj Ges Zv‡niv Dfq‡K wek kZ‡Ki cÖvi‡¤¢ bvix AwaKvi I
L. ÒKwei weiæ‡× Kwe, gv‡Vi weiæ‡× gvVÓÑ GLv‡b Kx eywS‡q‡Qb RvMi‡Yi cÖZxKx PwiÎ ejv hvqÕ †Zvgvi DË‡ii ¯^c‡ÿ hyw³ `vI| 4
Kwe? 2 11  evwRZcyi MÖv‡gi Ae¯’vm¤úbœ K…lK ewki wgqvi †Q‡j Rwj‡ji ¯¿x iwk`vi
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N. DÏxc‡Ki ÔKvÐvwiÕ Avm‡j Ô¯^vaxbZv, GB kãwU Kxfv‡e Avgv‡ì evwo‡Z Nb Nb Avmv-hvIqv ïiæ Ki‡jb| Kvi‡Y-AKvi‡Y wPwKrmvi bv‡g
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Ae¯’v †_‡K D×vi K‡ib Ges cyÎea~‡K DbœZ wPwKrmvi cÖ‡qvRbxq
e¨vcK ÿqÿwZ nq| †Rjv cÖkvmb †_‡K ÿwZMÖ¯Í gvby‡li Rb¨ bvbvwea
mn‡hvwMZv cÖ`vb K‡ib|
ÎvYmvgMÖx Av‡m| ÎvY mvnvh¨ wb‡Z Avmv cÖ‡Z¨K‡K ˆZqeyi mv‡ne wbR K. ewncxi †Kvb ai‡bi eëmv cwiPvjbv K‡ib? 1
nv‡Z ÎvYmvgMÖx Zz‡j †`b| ¯’vbxq †Pqvig¨vb welqwU wb‡Ri wbqš¿‡Y †bqvi L. ewncx‡ii bvg ÔewncxiÕ n‡jv †Kb? 2
†Póv Pvjv‡jI ˆZqeyi mv‡n‡ei eyw× I mZZvi Kv‡Q civ¯— nb| ÿwZMÖ¯Í M. DÏxc‡K cxi ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki †h w`KwU dz‡U D‡V‡Q Zvi e¨vL¨v `vI| 3
gvbyl‡ì mevB Zuvi cÖksmv Ki‡Z _v‡Kb Ges e‡jb ˆZqeyi mv‡n‡ei g‡Zv N. DÏxc‡Ki ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki cx‡ii cÖwZwbwaZ¡ Ki‡jI m¤ú~Y©
gvbyl hw` Av‡iv `yÕGKRb _vK‡Zv Zvn‡j Zv‡ì GZ Kó Ki‡Z n‡Zv bv| PvwiwÎK êwkó¨‡K aviY K‡i bv|Ñ we‡kølY Ki| 4
4 Avg©W cywjk e¨vUvwjqb cvewjK ¯‹zj I K‡jR, e¸ov evsjv cÖ_g cÎ : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ
K AskM`¨ K. gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `‡Ëi AgiKxwZ© †KvbwU? 1
1  (i) Òmy-es‡k my-mšÍvb myaxR‡b Kq L. Ô†mœ‡ni Z…òvÕ ej‡Z Kwe Kx eywS‡q‡Qb? 2
fv‡jv ex‡R fv‡jv dmj dwj‡e wbðq|Ó M. ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvi g~jfv‡ei mv‡_ DÏxc‡Ki g~jfv‡ei
(ii) ÒGK Mv‡Qi Qvj mv`„k¨ eY©bv Ki| 3
Ab¨ Mv‡Q †Rvov jv‡M bv|Ó N. ÒDÏxc‡K ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvi cwiYwZi w`KwU
(iii) ÒwbwZ¨ wbwZ¨ dj LvI Abycw¯’Zwe‡kølY Ki| 4
ew`¨ evwo bvwn hvI|Ó 7  gvbyl m„wói †miv Rxe| gvbeRxeb bvwZ`xN©| gvbyl ¯^xq K‡g©i Rb¨
K. ÒVvKzigvi SzwjÓ †K iPbv K‡ib? 1 mvdj¨, e¨_©Zvq ch©ewmZ nq| †fvM, †jvf-jvjmvi wPšÍvq gvbyl e¨_©Zv
L. Òkû‡i Mv‡bi cÖfv‡e †m¸‡jv GLb ee©i Pvlvi Mvb e‡j f`ª AR©b K‡i| cÿvšÍ‡i Z¨vM, âh© I mwnòzZvi gva¨‡g gvbyl mdjZv
mgv‡R weKvq bv|Óe¨vL¨v Ki| 2
AR©b K‡i|
M. DÏxc‡Ki m‡½ ÔcwjømvwnZ¨Õ cÖe‡Üi †Kvb w`KwU mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q? 3
N. ÒDÏxcKwU ÔcwjømvwnZ¨Õ cÖe‡Üi m¤ú~Y© fve‡K aviY K‡i K. RM‡Z `yj©f Kx? 1
bv|Ó gšÍe¨wUi mZ¨Zv wePvi Ki| 4 L. ÒAvqy †hgb ˆkev‡ji bxiÓe¨vL¨v Ki| 2
2  †QvU †Q‡jUvi Kqw`b †_‡K fxlY R¡i| weaev iwngv nuv‡mi K‡qKUv M. ÔRxeb m½xZÕ KweZvq Kwe e¨_©Zvi †h eY©bv w`‡q‡Qb DÏxc‡Ki
wWg †e‡P †Q‡ji wPwKrmv Kiv‡jI GLb Avi †m mvg_©¨ †bB| cÖwZ‡ekx Av‡jv‡K e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
Rwibvi Kv‡Q avi †b‡e †Kgb K‡i Av‡Mi aviUvB †h †kva nqwb| N. Ômvdj¨ AR©‡b PvB Z¨vM, âN© I mwnòzZvÕDÏxcK I ÔRxeb
K. Acyi Kv‡Q KZ UvKv `v‡gi wc¯Íj wQj? 1 m½xZÕ KweZv Aej¤^‡b Dw³wU we‡kølY Ki| 4
L. `kNivi †jvKwUi Aby‡iv‡a nwini ZrÿYvr †mLv‡b †h‡Z ivwR M AskDcb¨vm
n‡jv bv †Kb? 2 8  †Rv‡e` Avjx Mwie Pvlx| †m Zvi mvgvb¨ Avevw` Rwg †_‡K hv cvq
M. DÏxc‡K ÔAvg AuvwUi †fucyÕ M‡íi †h w`KwU dz‡U D‡V‡Q Zv ZvB w`‡q ¯¿x-cyÎ-Kb¨v wb‡q my‡Li msmvi K‡i| GKw`b †Rv‡e` Avjxi
e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 †Q‡j Kwig jÿ¨ Kij-Zvi evev wKQz welv³ DcKiY cvwb‡Z ¸wj‡q
N. DÏx~c‡Ki iwngv wK ÔAvg AuvwUi †fucyÕ M‡íi me©Rqvi cÖwZ”Qwe? wKQz GKUv ˆZwi Ki‡Qb| Kx evbv‡”Qb, †KbB ev evbv‡”Qb cÖkœ Ki‡j
†Zvgvi gZvgZ Dc¯’vcb Ki| 4 Rv‡e` Avjx e‡j avb‡ÿ‡Z gvRiv †cvKv G‡m me dmj †L‡q hv‡”Q
3  Avgv‡ì M„n‡Kv‡Y MÖv‡g M‡Ä Nv‡U G‡ì Zvov‡Z n‡e|
nv‡U evRv‡i m¤úbœ we¯Ív‡i K. evsjv mvwn‡Zï cÖ_g mv_©K Dcb¨v‡mi bvg Kx? 1
`ycy‡ii †iŠ`ªvf AvKvk Ry‡o km¨‡ÿ‡Î L. `ytL‡K eyav wnsmÖ kKzb e‡j we‡ePbv K‡i †Kb? 2
cÖvYešÍ meyR cøve‡b
M. DÏxc‡Ki ÔgvRiv †cvKvÕ KvKZvo–qv Dcb¨v‡m Kv‡ì cÖZxKx
cvÄvwe cïi `j
†hb A¸YwZ i³‡jvfx Dš§Ë †iveU PwiÎ e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
Rjøv‡ì g‡Zv Qz‡UvQzwU K‡i N. ÒRv‡e` Avjx c`‡ÿc AvR‡Ki ¯^vaxb mve©‡fŠg evsjv‡`k
evsjv‡`‡k bv‡g nZ¨vhÁ| MV‡b me©v½xb mnvqZv K‡i‡QÓ ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi
K. ÔjngvqÕ k‡ãi A_© Kx? 1 Av‡jv‡K g~j¨vqb Ki| 4
L. PigcÎ ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 9  we‡`wk †mbvi Kvgv‡b-ey‡j‡U we×
M. DÏxcKwU ÔGKvË‡ii w`b¸wjÕ iPbvi †Kvb wPÎwU‡K Zz‡j a‡i? bvix wkï Avi hyeK †Rvqvb-e„×
e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 kÎæ †mbviv nZ¨vi Awfhv‡b
N. ÒDÏxc‡K Ges ÔGKvË‡ii w`b¸wjÕ iPbvq †h ee©iZv cÖKvwkZ gyw³evwnbx cÖwZ‡iva DÌv‡b|
n‡q‡Q Zv evOvwj‡K fxZ K‡i wb|ÓgšÍe¨wU we‡kølY Ki| 4 K. eyav KqwU gkvj evwb‡qwQj? 1
4  ¯^vgx mšÍvb, AvZ¥xq-¯^Rb wb‡q ÔRv‡n`viÕ eo msmvi| cÖwZ gyn~‡Z©B L. Ô†jvnvi Uzwc I‡ì gMR †L‡q‡QÕ| e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
msmv‡i Zv‡K cÖ‡qvRb| KwVb `vwq‡Z¡i Rv‡j Ave× †m| Gfv‡eB M. DÏxc‡K ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi †h w`K dz‡U D‡V‡Q Zv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
Rxe‡bi mËiwU eQi †K‡U †Mj| †Q‡j‡g‡qiv cÖwZwôZ n‡q †`‡ki evB‡i N. DÏxcKwU ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi welqe¯‘i LwÐZ
_v‡K| Zv‡K GLb †`Lvi g‡Zv †KD †bB| Zvi VuvB GLb e„×vkÖ‡g| AskgvÎgšÍe¨wUi mc‡ÿ †Zvgvi hyw³ `vI| 4
K. evwoi cv‡k wbgMvQ MRv‡j Kviv Lywk nq? 1 N AskbvUK
L. wbgMvQUvi †jvKUvi mv‡_ P‡j †h‡Z B‡”Q K‡i †Kb? 2 10  wibvi eqm c‡b‡iv| †`L‡Z my›ìx nIqvq A‡b‡K Zv‡K we‡q Ki‡Z
M. DÏxc‡Ki m‡½ ÔwbgMvQÕ M‡íi mv`„k¨ eY©bv Ki| 3 Pvq| webv †hŠZz‡K we‡qi cÖ¯Ív‡e Zvi evev ivwRI nq| wKš‘ †m evev‡K
N. DÏxcKwU ÔwbgMvQÕ M‡íi mgMÖ fve aviY K‡i bvgšÍe¨wU eySv‡Z mÿg nq †h, †m fv‡jv K‡i cov‡jLv wk‡L msmv‡ii `vwqZ¡
we‡kølY Ki| 4 fvi wb‡Z cvi‡e| wibvi K_vq evev wm×všÍ e`j K‡i Ges we‡q †f‡O
L AskKweZv †`q|
5  Rš§ hv‡ì GKvË‡ii c‡i, K. m~h©všÍ AvBb KZ mv‡j cÖYxZ nq? 1
Avgvi G Mvb ïayB Zv‡ì Z‡i| L. Ô`ywbqvUv mwZ¨ KwVb cixÿv †ÿÎÕe¨vL¨v Ki| 2
----------------------------- M. DÏxc‡K wibvi we‡q ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki †Kvb w`KwU‡K wb‡`©k
e½eÜy w`‡jb †k‡l ¯^vaxbZvi WvK, K‡i? e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
Zvi Wv‡K‡Z DV‡jv †R‡M gvbyl jv‡L jvL N. ÒZv‡niv hw` DÏxc‡Ki wibvi c_ Aej¤^b Ki‡Zv Zvn‡j ÔewncxiÕ
QvÎ-hyeK-K…lK-gRyi mevB A¯¿ a‡i bvU‡Ki cwiYwZ Ab¨ iKg n‡Z cvi‡Zv|Ó hyw³ `vI| 4
Avgvi G Mvb ïayB Zv‡ì Z‡i| 11  ewncxi| Rxebmvqv‡ý DcbxZ m‡Z¨ civwRZ GKRb cx‡ii
K. †QvU‡ì Rb¨ †jLv wbg©‡j›`y ¸‡Yi MÖš’wUi bvg Kx? 1 Av‡Z¥vcjw×i AšÍiv‡j mvgšÍhyMxq gvbwmKZv wKsev ms¯‹v‡ii m‡½
L. Ôgv‡P©i weiæ‡× gvP©Õ ej‡Z Kwe Kx eywS‡q‡Qb? 2
AvaywbK wkÿvi Ø›Ø-msNvZ I bvU‡Ki g~j DcRxe¨| bvUKwUi Kvwnwb
M. DÏxcKwUi mv‡_ Ô¯^vaxbZv, G kãwU Kxfv‡e Avgv‡ì n‡jvÕ
PvÂj¨Ki I †KŠZ‚n‡jvÏxcK|
KweZv Kxfv‡e mv`„k¨c~Y© Zv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
K. Ôewncix bvU‡Ki eRivwU †Kvb w`‡K †Lvjv? 1
N. ÒDÏxc‡Ki Mvb Ges Ô¯^vaxbZv, G kãwU Kxfv‡e Avgv‡ì n‡jvÕ
L. Zv‡nivi gy‡L mvgvb¨ D`&åvšÍ fve †Kb? 2
KweZvwUi e³e¨ GKB cÖR‡š§i Rb¨Ó Dw³wUi mZ¨Zv hvPvB Ki| 4
6  evsjvi b`x wK †kvfvkvwjbx M. mvgšÍhyMxq ms¯‹v‡ii m‡½ AvaywbK wkÿvi msNvZwU Kxfv‡e
wK gayi Zvi KzjKzj aŸwb ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡K dz‡U D‡V‡Q Zv †`LvI| 3
`yÕav‡i Zvnvi weUcxi †kÖwY N. ÒewncxiÓ bvU‡Ki Kvwnwbi MwZgqZv I PvÂj¨ DÏxc‡Ki
†nwi‡j Ryovq wnqv| eY©bv‡K AviI kvwYZ K‡i‡Q|Ó gšÍe¨wU wePvi Ki| 4
5 cywjk jvBÝ ¯‹zj GÛ K‡jR, e¸ov evsjv cÖ_g cÎ : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

K AskM`¨ 7  GB c„w_ex‡Z GK ¯’vb Av‡Q me‡P‡q my›ì
1  Mdzi jw¾Z nBqv ewjj evc †ewU‡Z `y‡ejv `y‡Uv †cU f‡i †L‡Z ch©šÍ KiæY; †mLv‡b meyR WvOv f‡i Av‡Q
cvB‡b| N‡ii cv‡b †P‡q †`L, wewó ev`‡j †g‡qwU‡K wb‡q †Kv‡Y e‡m ivZ gayK‚cx Nv‡m Aweij;
KvUvB; cv Qwo‡q †kvevi VuvB †g‡j bv| g‡nk‡K GKwUevi ZvwK‡q †`L, †mLv‡b njy` kvox †j‡M _v‡K iƒcmxi kix‡ii c‡i
cuvRiv †Mvbv hv‡”Q| `vI bv VvKzi gkvB Kvnb `yB avi, MiæUv‡K `yÕw`b †cU k•Lgvjv bvg Zvi; G wekvj c„w_exi †Kv‡bv
cy‡i †L‡Z w`B| ewj‡Z ewj‡ZB Mdzi ac Kwiqv eªvþ‡Yi cv‡qi Kv‡Q b`x Nv‡m
ewmqv cwij| ZK©iZœ Kwn‡jb, ÔAv gi, Quz‡q †djwe bv wK?Õ Zv‡i Avi Lyu‡R Zzwg cv‡e bv‡Kv-wekvjvÿx
K. MÖv‡gi bvwo †`L‡Z RvbZ †K? 1 w`‡qwQj ei,
L. ewmK nZeyw×i g‡Zv ùvovBqv iwnj †Kb? 2 ZvB-†m-R‡š§‡Q bxj evsjvi Nvm
M. DÏxc‡Ki Mdzi PwiÎwU †Kvb w`K w`‡q ÔAfvMxi ¯^MÕ© M‡íi KvOvwj Avi av‡bi wfZi
Pwi‡Îi mv‡_ mv`„k¨c~Y©? e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 K. Rxebvb›` `vk iwPZ GKwU Dcb¨v‡mi bvg wjL| 1
N. DÏxc‡Ki ZK©iZœ wK ÔAfvMxi ¯^MÕ© M‡íi Aai iv‡qi mv_©K L. ÔGwkwiqv a~‡jv AvRÕ eywS‡q wjL| 2
cÖwZwbwa? hyw³ `vI| 4 M. DÏxc‡Ki m‡½ Ô†mBw`b GB gvVÕ KweZvi mv`„k¨c~Y© w`KwU
2  evsjv mvwn‡Z¨ i‡q‡Q GK wekvj fvÐvi| GK †kÖwYi mvwn‡Z¨ Q‡›`ve× Av‡jvPbv Ki| 3
fvlvq AZxZ w`‡bi Kvwnbx wKsev †cŠivwYK Kvwnbxi im gayi eY©bv cvIqv N. DÏxc‡K Ô†mBw`b GB gvVÕ KweZvi g~jfv‡ei wecixZ Av`‡k©
hvq| Av‡iK †kÖwYi mvwnZ¨ Rxe‡bi LÐvsk wb‡q M‡`¨ iwPZ n‡q GK cÖZxqgvb †Zvgvi AwfgZ `vI| 4
wfbœagx© im e¨Äbvi m„wó K‡i| D™¢‡ei w`K †_‡KI Dfq †kÖwYi mvwn‡Z¨ M AskDcb¨vm
i‡q‡Q wekvj eëavb| 8  Rwg`vi gwdR Luvi bvg ïb‡j cÖRviv f‡q Kuvc‡Z _v‡K| Zuvi ûKz‡gi Aeva¨ n‡j
K. mvwn‡Zï cÖavb aviv KqwU? 1 Avi iÿv †bB| B`vwbs Zvi †Pjv wn‡m‡e KvR Ki‡Q nv‡mg e¨vcvwi| mvivÿY Zv‡K
L. Dcb¨vm ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 Kzcivgk© †`q Avi bvbv ARynv‡Z cÖRv‡ì nv‡ji ej`, N‡ii wUb cyKz‡ii gvQ a‡i
M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ Q‡›`ve× fvlvq iwPZ mvwn‡Zï cwiPq `vI| 3 wb‡q Av‡m| †KD cÖwZev` Ki‡j Zv‡K MÖvg Qvov K‡i| MÖv‡gi mvwjm-wePvi meB
N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ Dfq †kÖwYi mvwn‡Zï ga¨Kvi cv_©K¨ Av‡jvPbv nv‡mg e¨vcvwii Bw½‡Z P‡j| ZvB mvaviY gvbyl KvbvNylv K‡i nv‡mg e¨vcvwi †hb
Ki| 4 Rwg`v‡ii Rwg`vi|
3  AvKei †nv‡mb †cŠi †gqi| wZwb GKRb ìw` †bZv| mgv‡Ri wbPz Zjvi K. kvwšÍ KwgwUi †Pqvig¨vb †K wQj? 1
gvby‡li m‡½ Zvi Pjv‡div †ewk| wZwb Zv‡ì myL-`yt‡Li mvw_| Zv‡ì L. †h gvby‡li `„wó‡Z fvlv †bB, eyavi g‡Z †m gvbyl †Kvb gvbyl bq? 2
mv‡_ Kuv‡a Kuva wgwj‡q iv¯Ív ms¯‹vi I b`©gv cwi¯‹v‡ii KvR K‡ib| wZwb M. DÏxc‡Ki nv‡mg e¨vcvwii mv‡_ ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡m ewY©Z Avnv`
e‡jb, GivB Avgvi Avmj kw³| gywÝ Pwi‡Îi mv`„‡kï w`KwU e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
K. Ô`yw`©‡bi hvÎxÕ †Kvb ai‡bi MÖš’? 1 N. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z w`KwUB ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi GKgvÎ „w`K bq
L. †jLK Ô†QvU‡jvKÕ m¤úª`vq ej‡Z Kx eywS‡q‡Qb? 2 hyw³mn eywS‡q †jL| 4
M. DÏxc‡K ÔD‡cwÿZ kw³i D‡ØvabÕ cÖe‡Üi †h w`KwU cÖwZdwjZ 9  †MÖ‡bW D‡V‡Q nv‡Z KweZvi nv‡Z ivB‡dj
n‡q‡Q Zv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 Gevi ev‡Ni _vev, †fvR n‡e AvR cÖwZ‡kv‡a|
N. ÔGivB Avgvi Avmj kw³Õ| DÏxc‡Ki AvKei †nv‡m‡bi GB Dw³wU †L‡jwQ, †g‡iwQ my‡L-Kvb †K‡U w`‡qwQ †Zv‡ì
ÔD‡cwÿZ kw³i D‡ØvabÕ cÖe‡Üi Av‡jv‡K we‡kølY Ki| 4 K. eyavi †QvU †ev‡bi eqm KZ? 1
4  i. mZ¨B my›ì, my›ìB mZ¨| L. eyav †bvjK eyqvi MÖvg †Q‡o †h‡Z Pvqbv †Kb? 2
ii. †fv‡M bq, Z¨v‡MB cÖK…Z myL| M. DÏxcKwU ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi †Kvb NUbvi mv‡_ mv`„k¨c~Y© Zv
K. wbgMv‡Qi cvZv †Kvb †iv‡Mi g‡nŠla? 1 e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
L. ÔwbgMvQÕ M‡í Kwe I KweivR cÖm½ Dc¯’vc‡bi KviY Kx? 2 N. DÏxc‡Ki Kwe †PZbv Ges ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi eyav gvbwmKZvi †hb
M. i bs DÏxcKwU ÔwbgMvQÕ M‡íi †Kvb Pwi‡Îi cwic~iK? DË‡ii G‡K Ac‡ii cwic~iK gšÍe¨wU we‡kølY Ki| 4
c‡ÿ †Zvgvi †hŠw³K gZ `vI| 3
N AskbvUK
N. i I ii bs DÏxcK wg‡jB g~jZ ÔwbgMvQÕ Mí welqwU cÖgvY Ki| 4
10  gÄyi mv‡n‡ei fwMœcwZ gviv hvIqvi ci fwMbx gv‡R`v‡K wb‡q G‡m gvbyl
L AskKweZv K‡i| UvKv euvPv‡bvi Rb¨ gv‡R`v‡K eëmvqxi wØZxq ¯¿x wn‡m‡e we‡q
5  †gviv GK e„‡šÍ `ywU Kzmyg wn›`y-gymjgvb †Ìqv wm×všÍ †bq| gÄyi mv‡n‡ei ¯¿x Gi cÖwZev` K‡i Ges Zv n‡Z
gymwjg Zvi bqbgwY wn›`y Zvi cÖvY! †`qwb|
GK †m AvKvk gv‡qi †Kv‡j
K. m~h©v¯Í AvBb KZ mv‡j cÖYxZ nq? 1
†hb iwe-kkx †`v‡j|
L. Rwg`vi nv‡Zg Avwji g‡b kvwšÍ bvB †Kb? 2
GK i³ ey‡Ki Z‡j, GK †m bvwoi Uvb|
M. DÏxc‡Ki gÄyi mv‡n‡ei mv‡_ ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki nv‡Zg Avjx
K. ÔgvbylÕ KweZvi Drm Kx? 1
Pwi‡Îi êwkó¨ Zz‡j ai| 3
L. ÔZe gmwR`-gw›`‡i cÖfz bvB, gvby‡li `vweÕ| PiYwU Øviv Kx
N. gvZ…myjf mnvbyf‚wZ _vK‡jI DÏxc‡Ki gv‡R`v PwiÎwU cy‡ivcywi
†evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? 2
ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki †Lv‡`Rv PwiÎ bq gšÍe¨wU h_v_©Zv wePvi Ki| 4
M. DÏxc‡Ki fvebvi mv‡_ ÔgvbylÕ KweZvi êmv`„k¨ Zz‡j ai| 3
N. ÒDÏxc‡Ki †PZbvB ÔgvbylÕ KweZvi g~j cÖwZcv`¨|Ó we‡kølY 11  jvjmvjy Dcb¨v‡mi fÐcxi gwR` wK‡kvix Rwgjv‡K we‡q K‡i gvRv‡ii
Ki| 4 †mevq wb‡qvwRZ K‡i| wKš‘ Rwgjv gwR‡ì fÐvwgi inm¨ eyS‡Z cv‡i| †m
6  †gvi bvg GB e‡j L¨vZ †nvK gwR‡ì Aeva¨ n‡q I‡V| gwR‡ì Mv‡q _y _y gv‡i| ¯^vgx wn‡m‡e gwR`‡K
Avwg †Zvgv‡ìB †jvK †g‡b †bq bv Ges †m gwR‡ì weiæ‡× AviI cÖwZev`x n‡q I‡V| gwR` ïay
Avi wKQz bq e‡j bvdigvbx KwiI bv|
GB †nvK †kl cwiPh| K. ÔAvcbvi †Zv ey‡ovi Kv‡Q we‡q nqwbÕ GLv‡b Kvi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q?
K. Avnmvb nvex‡ei cÖ_g Kve¨ MÖ‡š’i bvg Kx? 1 †K e‡j‡Q? 1
L. Kwe Ôme©Î _vKvÕ ej‡Z Kx eywS‡q‡Qb? 2 L. ÔAvgv‡K wewe mv‡ne WvK‡eb bvÕ| Zv‡niv G K_v e‡j‡Q †Kb? 2
M. DÏxc‡K ÔAvwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bBÕ KweZvi †Kvb w`KwU cÖKvk M. DÏxc‡Ki gwR` I ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki ÔewncxiÕ Pwi‡Îi mv`„k¨
†c‡q‡Q? e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 †`LvI| 3
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6 bv‡Uvi miKvwi evjK D”P we`¨vjq evsjv cÖ_g cÎ : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

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L AskKweZv M. DÏxc‡K wkDwji evev-gv‡qi mv‡_ Zv‡nivi evev-gv‡qi
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M. DÏxc‡K myRb wgqvi Abyf‚wZ ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvi †c‡i †kl ch©šÍ evwo †_‡K cvwj‡q †m Lvjvi Kv‡Q AvkÖq †bb Ges
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7 Kzwgjøv gWvb© nvB ¯‹zj evsjv cÖ_g cÎ : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

K AskM`¨ K. †Kv_vq gvby‡liv wbf©vebvq _v‡K? 1
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h_v_©Zv hvPvB Ki| 4 Suvwc‡q c‡owQj|
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N. ÒDÏxc‡Ki †kl evK¨wU ÔcwjømvwnZ¨Õ cÖe‡Üi g~j K_v‡K †eu‡P hvq| cwiev‡ii mevB‡K GKB mv‡_ gviv †h‡Z †`‡L †m GLb
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m¤ú‡K© wbR¯^ gZvgZ e¨³ Ki| 4 K. ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki cÖ_g msjvcwU Kvi? 1
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5  1952 mv‡ji 21 †deªæqvwi evs jvi `vgvj †Q‡jiv M. DÏxc‡Ki eKzj PwiÎwU ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki †Kvb PwiÎ‡K
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K AskM`¨ 6  Bnvi P‡q n‡Zg hw`
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L AskKweZv K. ÔewncxiÕ bvUK KZ mv‡j cÖKvwkZ nq? 1
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9 wmjfvi †ejm Mvj©m nvB ¯‹zj, PÆMÖvg evsjv cÖ_g cÎ : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ
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N. welq eY©bvq mv`„k¨ _vK‡jI DÏxcK I ÔcÖevm eÜyÕ ågY Kvwnbxi M AskDcb¨vm
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Mí †kvbv‡bvi †P‡q we‡`wk mvwn‡Zï Mí ïb‡jB †ewk DcK…Z n‡e| †Q‡j‡K wbkvbv K‡iwQ‡jb| Ke‡i bvgv‡bvi mgqI Zuvi Mv‡q †jLv
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cÖK…Z A‡_©, GUv †Kvb Me© Kivi welq bq| eis wbR HwZ‡nï m‡½ G eëavb
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L. ÔAvaywbK wkÿvi Kg©bvkv †¯ªvZÕ ej‡Z Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? 2 M. b~i †nv‡mb ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi †Kvb Pwi‡Îi mv‡_
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Av‡jv‡K we‡kølY Ki| 4 9  bvbv eq‡mi, a‡g©i, g‡Zi †Z‡iv Rb gvbyl| Av‡M Kv‡iv m‡½ Kv‡iv
4  e„× iRe Avwji evwoi PvKi kwn`yj| GKw`b gvwj‡Ki UvKv Pzwi Avjvc cwiPq wQj bv| †KD QvÎ, †KD w`bgRyi wKsev ga¨weË
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Zvi wbKU me K_v Ly‡j ej‡j iRe Avwj kwn`yj‡K ey‡K Rwo‡q a‡i e‡jb, †mvRv K_vq Avgv‡ì gvwU †_‡K Zvov‡Z n‡e I‡ì|
Zzwg †Zvgvi fzj eyS‡Z †c‡iQ, G‡ZB Avwg Lywk| [msM„nxZ : GKRb gyw³‡hv×v‡ì †ivR-bvg&P& v †_‡K]
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N. DÏxc‡K dz‡U IVv ¸YwUi evB‡i gnvbwe (m.)-Gi AviI N. DÏxc‡Ki †kl evK¨wU ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi AšÍM©Z g~j
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L AskKweZv N AskbvUK
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GKUz Lvwb nvIqv w`‡jB Ni boeo K‡i,
Zvwi Z‡j Avmgvbxiv _v‡K eQi f‡i| K. †Kvb FZzi mKv‡j ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki m~Pbv? 1
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L AskKweZv K. ewncx‡ii evwo †Kv_vq? 1
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weÁvcb †`wL Zvi AwaKvskB Bs‡iwR‡Z †jLv| KLbI KLbI
Dw³wU we‡kølY Ki| 4
cÖPvi gva¨‡gI †`Lv hvq evsjv fvlvi D”PviY weK…wZ| Avgiv
11  ingvb GKRb wkícwZ| wZwb e¨vsK †_‡K wÎk †KvwU UvKv FY
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cyÎ Zuvnvi ûgvqyb eywS evu‡P bv Gevi Avi! N. DÏxcKwU ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki mvgwMÖK wPÎ‡K aviY K‡iwb|
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11 evsjv‡`k †bŠevwnbx ¯‹zj I K‡jR, PÆMÖvg evsjv cÖ_g cÎ : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

K AskM`¨ K. †Kv_vq gvbyl wbf©vebvq Nywg‡q _v‡K? 1
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2  DÏxcK-1 : Òcy®úi‡_ P‡o co cvwo `vI AnsKv‡i N. DÏxcK 2 Gi AvnŸvbwU ÔgvbylÕ KweZvi g~j †PZbv‡K
Rvb wK †m c_ Mov Mwi‡ei i³ nv‡o|Ó cÖwZwbwaZ¡ K‡i wK? †Zvgvi g‡Zi mc‡ÿ hyw³ `vI| 4
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K. †QvU‡jv‡Ki AšÍi †Kgb? 1 cvwK¯Ívwb‡ì Kv‡Q GRv‡Ri Lye g~j¨ wQj| GRv‡Ri †Q‡j kIKZ
L. ÔWvKvi g‡Zv WvKÕ ej‡Z Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? 2 evevi KvR‡K mg_©b K‡i bv| cÖwZev` Ki‡j evev Zv‡K agK w`‡q
M. DÏxcK 1 G ÔD‡cwÿZ kw³i D‡ØvabÕ cÖe‡Üi †Kvb fvewU _vwg‡q †`b| GKw`b GRv‡Ri evwo‡Z cvwK¯Ívwb‡ì Acv‡ik‡bi
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N. DÏxcK 2 G cÖe‡Üi g~j myi‡K cÖwZwbwaZ¡ Ki‡Q Dw³wU K. eyav Avwji KvQ †_‡K †K‡ivwmb G‡bwQj †Kb? 1
we‡kølY Ki| 4 L. mevi Dci eyavi N„Yv ev‡R †Kb? 2
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Zzjj| we‡klZ Lvevi-`vev‡i AZ¨waK hZœ myg‡bi Kv‡Q gv‡S gv‡S N. DÏxc‡Ki kIKZ I Dcb¨v‡mi gwZDi wecixZ PwiÎ-
AZ¨vPvi e‡j g‡b nq| gvwgi †Pv‡L †m Lye †ivMv, fv‡jv K‡i bv we‡kølY Ki| 4
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M. DÏxc‡Ki myg‡bi cwiw¯’wZ ÔcÖevmeÜyÕ iPbvi †Kvb Pwi‡Îi iBe bv,
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N. DÏxc‡Ki gvwg Ave`yi ingv‡bi m¤ú~Y© cÖwZwbwaZ¡ K‡i bv K. dRy wgqv‡K gwZDi †Kb eKv w`‡qwQj? 1
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K. Avgiv Kxfv‡e Ôcvcgy³Õ ne? 1 gwiq‡gi gv_vi Kv‡Q Av¸b R¡vwj‡q gš¿ cov ïiæ Kij| MÖv‡gi
L. Ôg‡bviv‡Rï `vb MÖnYmv‡cÿÕ K_vwU eywS‡q wjL| 2 K‡jR co–qv †Q‡j iwdK Gme †`‡L cÖwZev` K‡i e‡j, gwiqg‡K
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dz‡U D‡V‡Q? 3 wKš‘ iwdK †Kv‡bv wKQyi c‡ivqv bv K‡i gwiqg‡K f¨v‡b Pwo‡q
N. ÒRvwKqv †jL‡Ki KvwÿZ iƒcvqYÓ g~j¨vqb Ki| 4 ¯^v¯’¨‡K‡›`ª wb‡q hvq Ges gwiqg cÖv‡Y †eu‡P hvq|
L AskKweZv K. nv‡kg Zv‡nivi we‡q‡K Rv‡qR bq e‡j‡Q †Kb? 1
5  DÏxcK-1 : Òg‡b c‡o †mB mycywi Mv‡Qi mvwi L. nv‡Z‡gi wm×všÍ‡K ewncxi ÒAvkvZxZÓ e‡j‡Q †Kb? 2
Zvi cv‡k g„`y †R¨vrmœv gvLv‡bv MÖvg M. DÏxc‡K ISv ÒewncxiÓ bvU‡Ki †Kvb Pwi‡Îi cÖwZiƒc
gvwUi †`qv‡j Mv_v Avgv‡ì evwo e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
†QvU †QvU my‡L wmœ» gb¯‹vg|Ó N. DÏxc‡Ki iwdK nv‡k‡gi mv_©K cÖwZwbwa  we‡kølY Ki| 4
DÏxcK-2 : ÒAvwg wPiZ‡i `~‡i P‡j hve 11  gaycyi MÖv‡g †Kv‡bv D”P we`¨vjq bv _vKvq `yBMÖvg c‡i wM‡q
Zey Avgv‡i †è bv fzwj‡Z|Ó K‡qKRb †g‡q cov‡kvbv ïiæ K‡i| LeiUv MÖv‡gi gvZe‡ii Kv‡b
K. ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvi AšÍ¨wgj wjL| 1 †M‡j wZwb MÖvgevmx‡ì †W‡K †NvlYv †`b, †g‡q‡ì cov‡kvbvi
L. †Kv‡bv b`xi Rj Kwei Z…òv †gUv‡Z cv‡i bv †Kb? 2 ìKvi †bB; eis †g‡q‡ì ZvovZvwo we‡q †`qvi wb‡`©k †`b|
M. DÏxcK 1 G ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvi †Kvb w`KwU dz‡U D‡V‡Q? 3 gvZe‡ii eD ¯^cœv gvZe‡ii wm×v‡šÍi we‡ivwaZv K‡i †g‡q‡ì
N. DÏxcK 2 Gi AvKzwZ KweZvwUi gg©K_v- we‡kølY Ki| 4 †jLvcovq Drmvn †`b Ges c‡ii eQi wb‡Ri †g‡q‡KI ¯‹z‡j
6  wiKmvPvjK myjZvb I wbg©vY kÖwgK ivRv wgqv GKB ew¯Íi evwm›`v| cvVvb|
Zviv eû K‡ó msmvi Pvjvq| GKw`b ivRv wgqv KvR Ki‡Z wM‡q DuPz K. Zv‡niv‡K †Lv‡`Rv Ômvevm †g‡qÕ e‡j‡Q †Kb? 1
feb †_‡K c‡o gviv †Mj| fe‡bi gvwjK ivRvi cwievi‡K mvnvh¨ L. ÒwKw¯ÍgvZ Kiv PvjÓ ej‡Z Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? 2
†`qv Z `~‡ii K_v, ivRvi cwiRb‡ì Zvwo‡q w`j| myjZvb ivRvi M. DÏxc‡K gvZe‡ii AvPi‡Y ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki †Kvb w`KwU
GwZg Amnvq †Q‡jwUi `vwqZ¡ wb‡Z GwM‡q Gj| †Q‡jwU‡K wb‡Ri dz‡U D‡V‡Q? 3
N‡i G‡b wb‡Ri mšÍv‡bi mv‡_ eo Ki‡Z jvMj|Ó N. DÏxc‡Ki ¯^cœ bvU¨Kv‡ii gvbmKb¨v  we‡kølY Ki| 4
12 Avj-Avwgb Rv‡gqv Bmjvwgqv D”P we`¨vjq, wm‡jU evsjv cÖ_g cÎ : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ
K AskM`¨ K. Kwe Kvi ivbœv N‡ii Lei iv‡Lb? 1
1  10bs wec` ms‡KZ D‡cÿv K‡i nvivb gvwS mgy‡`ª Bwjk ai‡Q| L. †`‡ki cÖwZ ÔAvwg †Kvb AvMš‘K bBÕ KweZvi Kwei †Kgb
Uªjvi wb‡q †m Mfxi mgy‡`ªi w`‡K hZ GwM‡q hv‡”Q ZZ †ewk gvQ fv‡jvevmvi cwiPq cvIqv hvq? 2
Zvi Rv‡j aiv co‡Q| wKš‘ nvq nVvr GK cÖPÐ †XD‡q Uªjvimn M. DÏxcK I ÔAvwg †Kvb AvMš‘K bBÕ KweZvi fvebvi mv`„k¨
nvivb gvwS Mfxi mgy‡`ª Zwj‡q †Mj| e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
K. gyw³i Rb¨ KqwU Dcvq Aej¤^b Ki‡Z n‡e? 1 N. †`‡ki gvwUi m‡½ gvby‡li Mfxi m¤úK© DÏxcK I Av‡jvP¨
L. wkÿvi cÖ‡qvRbxq w`KwU †kÖô †Kb? 2 KweZvi g~j welq Dw³wU we‡kølY Ki| 4
M. DÏxc‡Ki nvivb gvwSi Rb¨ Ôwkÿv I gbyl¨Z¡Õ cÖe‡Üi †Kvb 7  mf¨Zv M‡owQ Avwg / kÖ‡g Avi Nv‡g
mf¨Zvi cuvR‡i Avwg / ey‡bwQ Avgvi bv‡g|
wkÿYxq w`KwU MÖnYxq e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 †n c„w_ex †kvb& / cvwbi `v‡g †e‡PwQ Avwg
N. ÒDÏxc‡Ki nvivb gvwS n‡jv Av‡jv nvIqvi ¯^v` ewÂZ kix‡ii me b~b| / Avwg †mB nZfvM¨ kÖwgK
gvbylÓ Dw³wU we‡kølY Ki| 4 Avwg PvB, c„w_ex Avgvi Nv‡gi g~j¨ w`K ......|
2  1g : Av‡gwiKvb‡ì †Pv‡L cvix n‡”Q BD‡iv‡ci ivRavbx| cvixi Avmj K. c„w_exUv‡K ivbv‡ii Kv‡jv †auvqv g‡b nq †Kb? 1
†mŠ›`h© Zvi cÖk¯Í mij ivRc_¸‡jv| cvixi hviv Avmj Awaevmx L. ivwÎi c‡_ c‡_ P‡j †Kv‡bv wb‡la Rv‡b bv gvbvi PiYwU
Zviv Lye LvU‡Z cv‡i| Avnvi m¤^‡Ü G‡ì †gvMjvB iæwP| eywS‡q †jL| 2
2q : GwK Aciƒc iƒ‡c gv †Zvgvi †nwiYy cwjø Rbbx| M. DÏxc‡Ki wbt¯^ KvZ‡ii mv‡_ ÔivbviÕ KweZvi ivbv‡ii
dz‡j I dm‡j Kv`v gvwU R‡j, Sjgj K‡i jveYx mv`„k¨ Kx‡m e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
†nwiYy cwjø Rbbx| N. DÏxc‡Ki †kl PiY ÔivbviÕ KweZvi we‡kl GKwU w`K‡K
K. ˆmq` gyRZev Avjx KZ mv‡j g„ZzëiY K‡ib| 1 cÖwZdwjZ K‡i‡Q g~j¨vqb Ki| 4
L. wiwjc g¨v‡ci †Pnviv ej‡Z †jLK wK eywS‡q‡Qb? 2 M AskDcb¨vm
M. DÏxc‡Ki wØZxq As‡k ÔcÖevm eÜyÕ iPbvi Avãyi ingv‡bi 8  †Pv‡Li mvg‡b wb‡R‡ì Ni-evwo cyo‡Z †`Lj| g‡bi †fZi R¡‡j DVj
†PZbvi †Kvb w`KwU cÖwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 cÖwZ‡kv‡ai Av¸b| wKš‘ eqm gvÎ 11 eQi| K¨v¤ú KgvÛv‡ii Awb”Qv
N. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g As‡k ÔcÖevm eÜyÕ iPbvi †jL‡Ki AvdMvwb¯Ívb m‡Ë¡I 11 eQ‡ii evjK exif‚g †_‡K 28 w`‡bi †Uªwbs †k‡l gyw³hy‡×
åg‡Yi AvswkK cÖwZ”Qwe dz‡U D‡V‡Q Dw³wU g~j¨vqb Ki| 4 †hvM †`b| wZwb Avgv‡ì Me© evsjv‡`‡ki me©Kwbô gyw³‡hv×v| bvg
3  mKv‡j Nyg †_‡K D‡VB wbZz e¨¯Í n‡q c‡o ÔêkvLxÕ Abyôv‡b hvIqvi †gvt wmwÏKzi ingvb| evwo h‡kvi †Rjvi MuvINiv MÖv‡g|
K. eyav Kvi evwo‡Z e‡m mvZB gv‡P©i fvlY ï‡bwQj? 1
Rb¨| eQ‡ii GB w`bwU mevi Kv‡Q wcÖq| GwUB GKgvÎ Abyôvb †hLv‡b L. Avwj †Kb e‡jwQj Ò†Zv‡K †`‡LB eyS‡Z cviwQ †`kUv ¯^vaxb n‡e|Ó 2
mKj a‡g©i mevB wg‡j mgvbfv‡e Avb›` Dc‡fvM K‡i| GLv‡b †m M. KvKZvo–qv Dcb¨v‡mi eyavi hy‡×i mv‡_ †gvt wmwÏKzi
Dcjwä K‡i evsjvi gymwjg, wn›`y, †eŠ× Avgiv mevB evOvwj| ingv‡bi hy‡×i Zzjbv Ki| 3
K. †K evsjv beel©‡K G‡`‡ki RbM‡Yi ÔbI‡ivRÕ e‡j D‡jøL N. Ò†`‡ki cÖwZ fv‡jvevmv _vK‡j †`k †mevq eqm †Kv‡bv evav
K‡i‡Qb? 1 bqÓ gšÍe¨wU DÏxcK I ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi Av‡jv‡K
L. evOvwj RvZxqZvev`x †PZbv ej‡Z Kx eywS‡q‡Qb? 2 hvPvB Ki| 4
M. DÏxc‡K Ôcqjv êkvLÕ cÖe‡Üi †h w`KwUi mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q Zv 9  Kx‡mi Kx nBj, cwðg n‡Z bi Lv`‡Kiv Avwm
e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 mviv MuvI fwi Av¸b R¡vjv‡q nvwmj AÆnvwm|
N. DÏxc‡Ki w`KwU Qvov Ôcqjv êkvLÕ cÖe‡Ü Av‡jvwPZ gvi †Kvj n‡Z wkï‡i Kvwo‡q KvwUj †h Lvb Lvb
Ab¨vb¨ w`K¸‡jv we‡kølY Ki| 4 wcZvi mvg‡b †g‡q‡i KvwU‡q Kwij i³mœvb|
4  euvab weaev gv‡qi GKgvÎ mšÍvb| †m fxlY Wvbwc‡V| mvivÿY †Uv †Uv K‡i K. eyav‡K ÔgvwbK iZbÕ e‡j WvKZ †K? 1
Ny‡i †eov‡bvB Zvi cÖavb KvR| Zv‡K †`Lv hvq KL‡bv b`xi Zx‡i, KL‡bv L. eyav‡K Kv‡R †bIqvq gwZDi dRy wgqv‡K eKvewK Kij †Kb? 2
e‡b euv`v‡i Kvi evMv‡b Avbvim †c‡K‡Q, Kjv njy` is aviY K‡i‡Q, †Kvb M. DÏxc‡Ki m‡½ ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi mv`„k¨ †`LvI| 3
Mv‡Qi Avg †L‡Z fvix wgwó| Zvi weiæ‡× cÖwZ‡ekx‡ì Awf‡hvM †Kv‡bv N. DÏxcKwU ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi mgMÖ Ask cÖKvk K‡i bv
cÖgvY Ki| 4
bZzb welq bq| mewKQy wgwj‡q Zvi gv mvivÿY DwØMœ _v‡Kb|
K. `yM©vi eqm KZ? 1 N AskbvUK
10  gv †Ku‡` Kq gÄyix †gvi IB †Zv KwP †g‡q
L. Ònvev GKUv †Kv_vKvi, hw` GZUzKz eyw× _v‡KÓ `yM©v GK_v
IiB m‡½ we‡q †`‡e? eq‡m Ii †P‡q
e‡jwQj †Kb? 2 cuvP¸Y †m e‡ov|
M. DÏxc‡Ki euva‡bi mv‡_ ÔAvg AuvwUi †fucyÕ M‡íi mv`„k¨c~Y© Zv‡K †`‡L evQv Avgvi f‡q R‡ovm‡ov|
PwiÎwU e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 Ggb we‡q NU‡Z †è bv‡Kv|
N. ÒDÏxcKwU ÔAvg AuvwUi †fucyÕ M‡íi AvswkK fve cÖKvk K. nv‡kg Avwj wK‡mi eëmv Ki‡Z †P‡qwQj? 1
K‡i‡Q, mgMÖ fvewU AviI e¨vcKÓ hyw³mn e¨vL¨v Ki| 4 L. Zv‡niv ewncxi‡K we‡q Ki‡Z ivwR nqwb †Kb? 2
L Askc`¨ M. DÏxc‡Ki ÔgvÕ ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki Kvi gvbwmKZvi mv‡_
5  evsjvi b`x wK †kvfvkvwjbx mv`„k¨c~Y© Zv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
wK gayi Zvi Kzj Kzj aŸwb N. DÏxc‡Ki g~jfve cÖwZôvB ˆmq` IqvwjDjøvni g~j jÿ bq
`yÕav‡i Zvi weUcxi †kÖwY ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki Av‡jv‡K we‡kølY Ki| 4
†nwi‡j Ryovq wnqv| 11  D”PwkwÿZ kvqjv we‡qi ci wkÿKZv †ckvq wb‡qvwRZ nq| G‡Z Zvi
¯^vgx mvgvb¨ Abxnv cÖKvk K‡ib| nVvr moK `yN©Ubvi kvqjvi ¯^vgx c½y
K. PZz`©kc`x KweZvi cÖ_g AvU Pi‡Yi ¯ÍeK‡K Kx e‡j? 1 n‡q co‡j kvqjv‡KB msmv‡ii nvj ai‡Z nq| Gevi kvqjvi ¯^vgx
L. RyovB G Kvb Avwg åvwšÍi Qj‡b e¨vL¨v Ki| 2 Dcjwä K‡ib, myLx I my›ì mgvR MV‡b bvixi ¯^wbf©iZv Avek¨K|
M. K‡cvZvÿ b` KweZvi g~j fv‡ei mv‡_ DÏxc‡Ki g~j fv‡ei K. bvU‡Ki cÖvY †KvbwU? 1
mv`„k¨ e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 L. ÒGgb †g‡q Kv‡iv †c‡U Rš§vq RvbZvg bvÓ G K_vwU
N. K‡cvZvÿ b` KweZvi cwiYwZi w`KwU DÏxc‡K Abycw¯’Z eywS‡q †jL| 2
we‡kølY Ki| 4 M. DÏxc‡Ki kvqjv Avi ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki ÔZv‡nivÕ Pwi‡Îi
6  ey‡SwQ †mw`b gvbyl Ggwb `xb, G gvwUi Kv‡Q Av‡Q Avgv‡ì Ggwb êmv`„k¨ e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
A‡kl FY| Abvw`Kv‡ji eÜb Avi eÂbv GK g‡b wPi Rxe‡bi N. Òkvqjvi †PZbv cÖMwZkxj, wKš‘ Zv‡nivi RxebhvÎv wQj
k„•Lj mg Rov‡bv gvbe g‡b| AwbwðZÓ K_vwUi h_v_©Zv g~j¨vqb Ki| 4
13 †MvjvcMÄ Rv‡gqv Bmjvwgqv D”P we`¨vjq, wm‡jU evsjv cÖ_g cÎ : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ
K AskM`¨ 6  c„w_exi mgy`q wbR cwiRb,
1  Avgv‡ì cÖPwjZ wkÿveë¯’vq cuvRv cuvRv cvV¨cy¯ÍK GKwU m‡šÍv‡li wmsnvm‡b evm K‡i gb\
†KvgjgwZ wkï‡K †Rvi K‡i †Mjv‡bv n‡j †m Zvi wbR¯^ mgm¨v AvZ¥vi mwnZ me mgZzj¨ Mv‡b,
mgvavb †Zv bqB eis wb‡RB GKwU mgm¨v n‡q RvwZi Kuv‡a †P‡c gvZv wcZv ÁvwZ fvB †f` bvwn g‡b\
em‡e| myZivs wkï‡ì h_v_© wkÿv MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡j Avb‡›ì mv‡_ K. AvRvwi k‡ãi A_© Kx? 1
wkÿv cÖ‡qvRb, Zvi Rb¨ mvwnZ¨PP©v Avek¨K| Avi Gi Af¨vm L. ÔH gw›ì cyRvixi, nvq †èZv, †Zvgvi bqÕ e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
Ki‡Z n‡j jvB‡eªwi cÖwZôv cÖ‡qvRb| M. DÏxc‡K ÔgvbylÕ KweZvi †h w`KwU dz‡U D‡V‡Q Zv eY©bv Ki| 3
K. wK‡mi Rb¨ Avgiv mK‡j DØvû? 1 N. ÒDÏxcKwU ÔgvbylÕ KweZvi mgMÖ fve‡K cÖKvk K‡i bvÓ
L. †h RvwZ hZ wbivb›` †m RvwZ ZZ wbR©xe| e¨vL¨v Ki| 2 gšÍe¨wU we‡kølY Ki| 4
M. DÏxcKwU ÔeB covÕ cÖe‡Üi †Kvb w`KwU Bw½Z K‡i? eywS‡q 7  gyw³hy‡× ¯^vgx-mšÍvb‡K nvwi‡q AvR Amnvq Rxebhvcb K‡ib
†jL| 3 iæwebv| wZwb †`‡L‡Qb b`x‡Z, ebf‚wg‡Z AmsL¨ jvk| gvbyl
N. mgvR‡K GKwU my›ì RvwZ Dcnvi w`‡Z n‡j cÖ‡qvRb wbivc` AvkÖ‡qi †Luv‡R cvwo w`‡q‡Q `xN©c_| GKgvÎ mšÍvb Rxeb
jvB‡eªwii Dw³wU DÏxcK I ÔeB covÕ cÖe‡Üi Av‡jv‡K w`‡q Zv‡K Dcnvi w`‡q‡Q ¯^vaxb gvbwPÎ| ZvB †Zv gv‡qi †Pv‡L
AvU‡K _v‡K jvj-meyR cZvKvq mšÍv‡bi i³v³ gyL”Qwe|
we‡kølY Ki| 4
K. Kvi wmuw_i wmu`yi gy‡Q †Mj? 1
2  A‡b‡KB †Kv‡bv e¨w³ ev e¨w³eM© Øviv hw` wbh©vwZZ ev DcnwmZ nb L. Kwe Aciv‡nèi Av‡jvi wSwjK‡K `ye©j e‡j‡Qb †Kb? 2
Zvn‡j cÖwZ‡kvacivqY n‡q I‡Vb| Avi hw` cÖwZ‡kva †bIqvi M. DÏxc‡Ki welqe¯‘i mv‡_ Ô†Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨, †n
mvg_©¨ bv _v‡K Zvn‡j Awfm¤úvZ K‡ib| A‡bK mgq wbh©vwZZ ¯^vaxbZvÕ KweZvi mv`„k¨ wbiƒcY Ki| 3
e¨w³ cÖwZ‡kvacivqYZvi e‡k gvÎvwZwi³ Ab¨vq K‡i †d‡jb| N. DÏxcKwU cwVZ KweZvi fvee¯‘‡K aviY K‡i‡Q gšÍe¨wU g~j¨vqb Ki| 4
Gfv‡e mgv‡R nZ¨v, hy×, nvbvnvwbi m~Pbv K‡i|
M AskDcb¨vm
K. Avnhv‡ei hy×-Gi Aci bvg Kx? 1
8  G‡`k wecbœ AvR, Rvwb AvR wbibœ Rxeb
L. Avwg ivRv bB, mgªvU bB, gvby‡li cÖfz bB Dw³wU e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
g„Zzïv cÖZ¨n m½x, wbqZ kÎæi AvµgY
M. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z mvaviY gvby‡li êwk‡óï mv‡_ Zv‡qdevmx‡ì i‡³i Avjcbv Auv‡K, Kv‡b ev‡R AvZ©bv‡ì myi;
cÖwZ nhiZ gyn¤§` (m.)-Gi AvPi‡Yi cv_©K¨ wbY©q Ki| 3 ZeyI my`„p Avwg, Avwg GK ÿzwaZ gRyi|
N. Zv‡qdevmxi cÖwZ nhiZ gyn¤§` (m.)-Gi PvwiwÎK gnË¡ Avgvi m¤§y‡L AvR GK kÎæ, GK jvj c_,
AR©‡b Kx f‚wgKv ivL‡Z cv‡i gZvgZ `vI| 4 kÎæi AvNvZ Avi eyfzÿvi DÏxß kc_|
3  Zzwj Z…Zxq †kÖwY‡Z c‡o| Zv‡ì evwo‡Z GK mgeqmx Kv‡Ri †g‡q K. eyav KqwU gkvj evwb‡qwQj? 1
_v‡K| Zzwj Zvi mv‡_ †Lj‡Z Mí Ki‡Z Pvq| wKš‘ Zzwji gv I‡ì GK L. MÖv‡g MYKei nIqvi KviY Kx? 2
mv‡_ †`L‡jB eKv †`q| Zzwj Ii gv‡qi Abycw¯’wZ‡Z Kv‡Ri †g‡qwUi M. DÏxcKwU ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi †h w`K‡K Bw½Z K‡i Zv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
mv‡_ cyZzj †L‡j, wUwf †`‡L| †g‡qwU Zzwji mv‡_ wgk‡Z fq cvq| N. DÏxcKwU ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi g~jfv‡eiB cÖwZ”Qwe
K. ggZvwì gvB‡b KZ UvKv wVK n‡jv? 1 gšÍe¨wUi h_v_©Zv wbiƒcY Ki| 4
L. Kv‡iv Kv‡Q hv cvB bv, Zzwg Zv †`‡e †Kb GK_v ejvi KviY Kx? 2 9  wK‡m Kx nBj, cwðg n‡Z biLv`‡Kiv Avwm
M. Zzwji mv‡_ ÔggZvw`Õ M‡íi wK‡kv‡ii Zzjbv Ki| 3 mviv MuvI fwi Av¸b R¡vjv‡q nvwmj AÆnvwm
N. Zzwji gv‡qi gvbwmKZv KLbB Kvg¨ bq Dw³wU ÔggZvw`Õ gvi †Kvj n‡Z wkky‡i Kvwoqv KvwUj †h Lvb Lvb
Mí I DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K hvPvB Ki| 4 wcZvi mvg‡b †g‡q‡i KvwU‡q Kwij i³mœvb|
4  AvR c‡njv êkvL| mviv kniRy‡o Pj‡Q Avb›` i¨vwj| kn‡ii K. eyav‡K gvwbKiZb e‡j WvKZ †K? 1
†QvU-eo, bvix-cyiæl mevB iwOb †cvkv‡K mw¾Z n‡q i¨vwj‡Z
L. eyav PvwPi cÖwZ K…ZÁ n‡q I‡V †Kb? 2
AskMÖnY K‡i‡Q| wKš‘ Mwie K…lK MwY wgqvi †Q‡j‡g‡qiv Rv‡bB
M. DÏxc‡Ki m‡½ ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi mv`„k¨ †`LvI| 3
bv GZ Avb›` wK‡mi| Iiv Rvb‡Z PvB‡j MwY wgqv e‡j, GUv
N. ÒDÏxcKwU ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi mgMÖ Ask cÖKvk K‡i
c‡njv êkv‡Li Abyôvb|
K. HwZnvwmK Aveyj dRj beel©‡K Kx e‡j‡Qb? 1 bvÓ cÖgvY Ki| 4
L. XvKvi beel© D`hvcb‡K †jLK ey‡R©vqv wejvm e‡j‡Qb †Kb? 2 N AskbvUK
M. DÏxc‡Ki Avb›` i¨vwj Ôcqjv êkvLÕ cÖe‡Üi †Kvb w`KwU‡K 10  imyjcyi MÖv‡gi nZ`wi`ª K…l‡Ki †g‡q iƒcv| UvKvi †jv‡f Zvi Mwie
wb‡`©k K‡i? e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 evev Zv‡K GK eq¯‹ abx cv‡Îi mv‡_ we‡q †`q| G we‡q‡Z iƒcvi
N. DÏxc‡K Kexi †PŠayixi AvKv•ÿvi c~Y© cÖwZdjb N‡Uwb gZ wQj bv| wKš‘ evevi weiæ‡× †m cÖwZevÌ Ki‡Z cv‡iwb|
gšÍe¨wU we‡kølY Ki| 4 K. nv‡Zg Avwji Rwg`vwi †Kv_vq wQj? 1
L. Zv‡niv‡K bvix RvMi‡Yi cÖZxK PwiÎ ejv nq †Kb? 2
L AskKweZv
M. DÏxc‡Ki iƒcv Pwi‡Îi mv‡_ ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki †h Pwi‡Îi
5  mvZ eQi Av‡M we‡q nIqv iv‡njv wbR MÖvg, evwoNi Avi AvcbRb‡ì
mv`„k¨ Av‡Q Zv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
†Q‡o k¦ïievwo G‡m‡Q| Zv‡ì evwoi cv‡kB wQj GKwU wekvj cyKzi|
†mB cyKz‡i †m muvZvi KvUZ, †LjZ, gvQ aiZ| k¦ïievwo‡Z cyKzi N. ÒDÏxc‡Ki fvee¯‘ ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki mvgwMÖK w`K cÖKvk
_vK‡jI †m Aev‡a muvZvi KvU‡Z cv‡i bv, †Lj‡Z cv‡i bv| ZvB K‡i bvÓ we‡kølY Ki| 4
iv‡njv hZw`b k¦ïievwo‡Z _v‡K, memgq c‡_i w`‡K ZvwK‡q _v‡K| 11  iv‡k` gnvR‡bi Rwg †e`Lj n‡q hv‡”Q| †m Kvi‡Y Zvi g‡b kvwšÍ
Zvi Ae¯’v n‡q‡Q WvOvq †Zvjv gv‡Qi g‡Zv| †bB| evwo‡Z bv Rvwb‡q wZwb Rwg iÿvi Rb¨ †Kv‡U© hvb| gvgjv
K. gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë wLªóa‡g© `xwÿZ nb KZ mv‡j? 1 Pvjv‡bvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq †hvMv‡bi A_© †RvMv‡oi Rb¨ wec_
L. `y»-†mÖv‡Zviƒcx Zzwg Rš§f‚wg-¯Í‡b GK_v w`‡q Kwe Kx Aej¤^b Ki‡Z wM‡q †ev‡av`q nq|
†evSv‡Z †P‡q‡Qb? 2 K. ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki †K›`ªxq PwiÎ †KvbwU? 1
M. DÏxc‡K iv‡njvi MÖv‡gi cÖwZ Uvb Avi Kwe gvB‡Kj gaym~`b L. cxi mv‡ne‡K ewncxi ejv nq †Kb? 2
`‡Ëi K‡cvZv‡ÿi cÖwZ Uvb KZUv mv`„k¨c~Y?© 3 M. DÏxc‡Ki iv‡k` gnvR‡bi mv‡_ ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki
N. Zvi Ae¯’v †hb WvOvq †Zvjv gv‡Qi g‡Zv Dw³wU †hb cÖwZwbwaZ¡Kvix Pwi‡Îi ¯îƒc e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
DÏxc‡Ki iv‡njv Ges Kwe gvB‡K‡ji gvbwmK Ae¯’v‡K N. DÏxcKwU ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki AvswkK cÖwZ”Qwe gšÍe¨wUi
Zz‡j a‡i‡Q G K_vi mZ¨Zv wbiƒcY Ki| 4 h_v_©Zv wePvi Ki| 4
14 ei¸bv miKvwi evwjKv D”P we`¨vjq evsjv cÖ_g cÎ : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

K AskM`¨ Ag„‡Zi ¯^v` †hb jwfqvwQ Muv‡qi `yjvjx †g‡q|
1  wZb eQ‡ii †QvÆ †Q‡j †ivnvb‡K wb‡q gv kvnvbvi wPšÍvi †kl †bB| †cŠl cve©‡Y wcVv †L‡Z e‡m Lywk‡Z welg †L‡q
†Q‡j‡K LvIqv‡bvi AvcÖvY †Póvq e¨¯Í mvivw`b| Nyg †_‡K Zz‡jB wLPzwo, Av‡iv Djøvm evwoqv‡Q g‡b gv‡qi eKzwb †c‡q|
d‡ji im, wm× wWg, `ya G‡Ki ci GK| gv‡qi nvZ †_‡K euvP‡Z †ivnvb K. gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `‡Ëi ÔcÙveZxÕ †Kvb ai‡bi iPbv? 1
cvjv‡Z †Póv K‡i, nvZ cv †Qv‡o, gyL eÜ K‡i _v‡K, AviI KZ †KŠkj| L. Avi wK †n n‡e †`Lv? Kwei Av‡ÿ‡ci KviY Kx? 2
wKš‘ kvnvbv †Rvi K‡i †ivnvb‡K LvIqv‡eB| G Ae¯’v †`‡L †ivnv‡bi evev wgt M. DÏxc‡K ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvi †Kvb w`K cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q?
Avn‡g` e‡jb Ò†`L, †Zvgvi D‡Ïk¨ gnr, wKš‘ c×wZ fzj| †Q‡ji g½j PvI e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
m‡›`n bvB, wKš‘ †Zvgvi LvIqv‡bvi ai‡bi cwieZ©b Avb‡Z n‡e| N. DÏxc‡K ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvi g~jfve m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c cÖKvk
K. wkÿvi me©cÖavb A½ Kx? 1 †c‡q‡Q wK? DË‡ii mc‡ÿ hyw³ `vI| 4
L. Ômvwn‡Zï g‡a¨ Avgv‡ì RvZ gvbyl n‡e| ej‡Z †jLK Kx 7  Avwg evsjvi Mvb MvB
Avwg Avgvi Avwg‡K wPiw`b
eywS‡q‡Qb? 2 GB evsjvq Lyu‡R cvB|
M. DÏxc‡Ki kvnvbvi AvPi‡Y ÒeBcovÓ cÖe‡Üi †h we‡kl Avwg evsjvq †`wL ¯^cœ
w`KwUi Bw½Z cvIqv hvq Zv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 Avwg evsjvq euvwa myi
N. wgt Avn‡g‡ì e³e¨ cÖg_ †PŠayixi civg‡k©iB cÖwZaŸwbÓ Avwg GB evsjvi gvqv fiv c‡_
ÒeBcovÓ cÖe‡Üi Av‡jv‡K we‡kølY Ki| 4 †nu‡UwQ GZUv `~i|
2  ¯^vgx I `yB mšÍvb wb‡q mygbvi msmvi| w`bgRyi ¯^vgxi mvgvb¨ Av‡q K. evsjv mvwn‡Zï Avw` wb`k©b Kx? 1
AwZK‡ó Zvi msmvi P‡j| mšÍvb‡ì fv‡jv †L‡Z ci‡Z bv w`‡Z L. ÒAvwg evsjvi Avjc_ w`‡q nvRvi eQi PwjÓ ej‡Z Kx
cvi‡jI cig ggZvq Zv‡ì AvM‡j iv‡L| `yózwgi Kvi‡Y gv‡S †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? 2
g‡a¨ eKvSKv Ki‡jI AšÍ‡i Zv‡ì cÖwZ Mfxi ggZv Abyfe K‡i| M. DÏxc‡K ÔAvgvi cwiPqÕ KweZvi †h w`K cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q Zv
K. ÒAvg-AuvwUi †fucyÓ kxl©K M‡íi iPwqZv †K? 1 ev¨vL¨v Ki| 3
L. bxjgwb iv‡qi wfUv R½jve„Z nBqv cwoqv Av‡Q †Kb? 2 N. DÏxc‡K ÔAvgvi cwiPqÕ KweZvi mgMÖfve cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q
M. DÏxc‡Ki mygbvi msmv‡ii m‡½ ÔAvg-AuvwUi †fucyÕ M‡íi Kx? †Zvgvi hyw³wbf©i gZvgZ `vI| 4
me©Rqvi msmv‡ii mv`„k¨MZ w`K Zz‡j a‡iv| 3 M AskDcb¨vm
N. mygbv I me©Rqv Df‡qB cwjøgv‡qi kvk¦Z PwiÎ DÏxcK I 8  g‡b n‡jv GKm‡½ A‡bK¸‡jv evR coj| A‡bK k‡ãi ZvÐe|
ÒAvg AuvwUi †fucyÓ kxl©K M‡íi Av‡jv‡K h_v_©Zv wePvi Ki| 4 †gwkbMv‡bi kã, ev”Pvi Kvbœv gvby‡li AvZ©bv`, KvZ‡ivw³| K‡qKwU
3  K…òcyi MÖv‡gi Rwgi DwÏb GKRb AwZ mvaviY gvbyl| †`vZviv KzKz‡ii wPrKvi| gvby‡li wejvc, Zvici k¥kv‡bi bxieZv|
nv‡Z MÖv‡g MÖv‡g Mvb †M‡q †eovq| mevB gy» n‡q Zvi Mvb †kv‡b| K. eyav Kv‡K m¨vjyU K‡iwQj? 1
Gme Mv‡b KZ †cÖg KZ †mŠ›`h© Avi KZ ZË¡Ávb IZ‡cÖvZfv‡e L. †h gvby‡li `„wó‡Z fvlv †bB, eyavi g‡Z †m gvbyl bq †Kb? 2
Rwo‡q Av‡Q| G¸‡jv Avgv‡ì Ag~j¨ iZœwe‡kl n‡jI Zv AvR M. DÏxc‡Ki NUbvwU ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi †Kvb NUbvi mv‡_
wejywßi c‡_| cwjømvwn‡Zï Gme Dcv`vb msMÖn, msiÿY I mv`„k¨c~Y?© e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
m¤úªmvi‡Yi `vwqZ¡ Avgv‡ì mK‡ji| N. DÏxcKwU ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi LÐvsk gvÎÓ DÏxc‡Ki
K. ÔcwjømvwnZ¨Õ Kx ai‡bi iPbv? 1 Av‡jv‡K mZ¨vmZ¨ hvPvB Ki| 4
L. æFolklore Society”-Gi KvR Kx? e¨vL¨v Ki| 2 9  †MÖ‡bW D‡V‡Q nv‡Z KweZvi nv‡Z ivB‡dj
Gevi ev‡Ni _vev, †fvR n‡e AvR cÖwZ‡kv‡a
M. DÏxc‡K ÔcwjømvwnZ¨Õ cÖe‡Üi †Kvb w`KwUi cÖwZ Bw½Z Kiv n‡q‡Q? 3 hvi m‡½ †h iKg, †m iKg †Lj‡e evOvwj
N. ÒDÏxc‡Ki †kl evK¨wU ÔcwjømvwnZ¨Õ cÖe‡Üi g~jK_v‡K †L‡jwQ, †g‡iwQ my‡L--- Kvb †K‡U w`‡qwQ †Zv‡ì|
cÖZxKvwqZ Ki‡Z mÿg n‡q‡Q|ÓDw³wUi h_v_©Zv wePvi Ki| 4 K. gyw³evwnbxi KgvÛvi †K? 1
4  D”PZi wWwMÖ wb‡q dvêywb wbR MÖv‡g wd‡i GKwU ¯‹zj ˆZwii D‡`¨vM †bq| L. fq I‡K Kvey K‡i bv †Kb? 2
Zvi `v`vi GKLÐ RvqMvq MÖv‡gi nZ`wi`ª gvbyl¸‡jv †¯^”QvkÖ‡gi wfwË‡Z M. DÏxc‡K ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi eyavi Rxe‡bi †Kvb w`KwU
M‡o Zzj‡Z _v‡K Zv‡ì ¯^‡cœi ¯‹zj| GiB gv‡S AvZvnvi gvZeŸi dz‡U D‡V‡Q? e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
†NviZi we‡ivwaZv ïiæ K‡i| Zvi gšÍe¨ n‡jv, mevB wkwÿZ n‡j nvj N. DÏxc‡K ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi m¤ú~Y©fv‡ei cÖwZdjb
Pvl Ki‡e †K? †bŠKv evB‡e †K? ivbœv Ki‡e †K? †QvU‡jvK¸‡jv gv_vq N‡U‡Q| g~j¨vqb Ki| 4
P‡o em‡e| dvj¸wbi ¯úó DËi Z_vKw_Z eo‡jvK m¤úª`v‡qi †mev N AskbvUK
Kivi Rb¨ Zv‡ì Rš§ nqwb| Zviv Gevi euvPvi g‡Zv euvP‡Z Pvq| 10  Av‡bvqvi mv‡n‡ei fwMœcwZ gviv hvIqvi ci fvwMœ gv‡R`v‡K wb‡q
K. ÔcÖjq wkLvÕ KvRx bRiæj Bmjv‡gi †Kvb ai‡bi †jLv? 1 G‡m gvbyl K‡i| UvKv euvPv‡bvi Rb¨ gv‡R`v‡K eëmvqxi wØZxq ¯¿x
L. Ô†m †h WvKvi g‡Zv WvKvÕ ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2 wn‡m‡e we‡q †Ìqvi wm×všÍ †bq| Av‡bvqvi mv‡n‡ei ¯¿x Gi
M. DÏxcKwU ÔD‡cwÿZ kw³i D‡ØvabÕ cÖeÜwU‡K mg_©b Ki‡Z cÖwZev` K‡i Ges Zv n‡Z †`qwb|
cvi‡Q wK? DË‡ii mc‡ÿ gšÍe¨ Ki| 3 K. m~h©v¯Í AvBb KZ mv‡j cÖYxZ nq? 1
N. DÏxc‡Ki dvj¸wb ÔD‡cwÿZ kw³i D‡ØvabÕ Gi †jLK KvRx L. Rwg`vi nv‡Zg Avwji g‡b kvwšÍ †bB †Kb? 2
bRiæj Bmjv‡gi cÖZ¨vkvi ev¯Íevq‡b m‡Pó e³e¨wU g~j¨vqb Ki| 4 M. DÏxc‡Ki Av‡bvqvi †nv‡m‡bi mv‡_ ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki nv‡Zg
L AskKweZv Avwj Pwi‡Îi êmv`„k¨ Zz‡j ai| 3
5  (i) †Zvgvi a~wj‡Z Mov G †`n Avgvi N. gvZ…myjf mnvbyf‚wZ _vK‡jI DÏxc‡Ki Av‡bvqvi mv‡n‡ei
†Zvgvi a~wj‡Z Kv‡j wgwk‡e Avevi| ¯¿x PwiÎwU cy‡ivcywi ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki †Lv‡`Rv PwiÎ
(ii) mv_©K Rbg Avgvi R‡š§wQ G †`‡k bqgšÍe¨wUi h_v_©Zv wePvi Ki| 4
mv_©K Rbg gv †Mv, †Zvgvq fv‡jv‡e‡m| 11  b`xi GK‚j fv‡O I K‚j M‡o
K. Kwe Avnmvb nvwe‡ei cÖ_g Kve¨MÖš’ †KvbwU? 1 GB †Zv f‡ei †Ljv
L. ÒGLv‡b _vKvi bvg me©ÎB _vKvÓ eywS‡q †jL| 2 mKvj †ejv Avwgi †i ZzB
M. DÏxc‡K (i)-Gi †h fve ÔAvwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bBÕ KweZvq dwKi mÜ¨ †ejv|
dz‡U D‡V‡Q Zv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 K. ewncxi bvUKwU KZ mv‡j cÖKvwkZ nq? 1
N. ÒD&``xcKØq ÔAvwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bBÕ KweZvi m¤ú~Y© fve L. Òkvevk †g‡q ZzwgÓ GB Dw³wUi KviY e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
aviY K‡i‡QÓ we‡kølY Ki| 4 M. DÏxcKwUi g~jfve †Kvb w`K w`‡q ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki mv‡_
6  eûw`b c‡i g‡b c‡o AvwR cjøx gv‡qi †Kvj mv`„k¨c~Y© e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
SvDkv‡L †h_v ebjZv euvwa ni‡l †L‡qwQ †`vj| N. Ònv‡Zg Avjx †hb f‡ei †Ljvi GKRb civwRZ †L‡jvqvoÓ
Kz‡ji KuvUvi AvNvZ mBqv KuvPv cvKv Kzj †L‡q gšÍe¨wU we‡kølY Ki| 4
15 ei¸bv wRjv ¯‹zj evsjv cÖ_g cÎ : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

K AskM`¨ gvwUi †`qv‡j Muv_v Avgv‡ì evwo
1  mvivÿY GUv-IUv Lvevi wb‡q wZb eQ‡ii †Q‡j Bg‡bi †cQ‡b †QvU †QvU my‡L wmœ» gb¯‹vg|
†Qv‡Ub gv kvgxgv| Nyg †_‡K Zz‡jB wLPzwo, wm× wWg, d‡ji im, cowk b`xwU aby‡Ki g‡Zv euvKv
`ya G‡Ki ci GK| gvÕi nvZ †_‡K cvjv‡Z Bg‡bi kZ †Póv| wKš‘ Diæ †Wvev R‡j mvivw`b LybmywU|Ó
gv kvgxgv Zv‡K LvIqv‡eb-B| Ae¯’v †`‡L Bg‡bi evev Rvwgj K. m‡bU Kx? 1
mv‡ne e‡jb, †`L, †Zvgvi D‡Ïk¨ gnr wKš‘ c×wZ fzj| †Q‡ji L. Ô†mœ‡ni Z…òvÕ ej‡Z Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? 2
g½j PvI m‡›`n †bB, Z‡e LvIqv‡bvi ai‡b cwieZ©b Avb‡Z n‡e| M. DÏxc‡Ki fv‡ei mv‡_ ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvi †h w`K w`‡q
K. Kviv eva¨ bv n‡j eB ¯úk© K‡i bv? 1 mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q Zv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
L. Ôe¨vwaB msµvgK, ¯^v¯’¨ bqÕ †Kb? 2 N. ÔDÏxcK Ges ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ iPbvi †cQ‡b GKB †PZbv
M. DÏxc‡Ki kvgxgvi AvPi‡Y ÔeBcovÕ cÖe‡Üi †h we‡kl KvR K‡i‡QÓ gšÍe¨wUi h_v_©Zv wePvi Ki| 4
w`KwU cÖwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q Zv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 7  AvZ¥gh©v`vm¤úbœ evOvwj RvwZi i‡q‡Q mg„× AZxZ BwZnvm| RvwZ
N. Rbve Rvwgj mv‡n‡ei e³e¨ cÖg_ †PŠayixi civg‡k©iB wn‡m‡e eZ©gv‡b Avgv‡ì †h cwiPq Zv GKw`‡b m„wó nqwb| hy‡M
cÖwZaŸwb ÔeBcovÕ cÖe‡Üi Av‡jv‡K we‡kølY Ki| 4 hy‡M bvbv Av‡›`vjb, wecøe-we‡`ªvn Avi gZv`‡k©i ga¨ w`‡q evOvwj
2  MÖvgx m½xZ wkíx Rmxg DÏx‡bi Mv‡b gy» mevB| Zvi Mv‡b KZ RvwZ G cwiPq jvf K‡i‡Q|
†cÖg, KZ †mŠ›`h© Avi KZ ZË¡Ávb IZ‡cÖvZfv‡e Rwo‡q Av‡Q| K. ÔAvgvi cwiPqÕ KweZvq Kx‡mi Qwe AuvKvi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q? 1
G¸‡jv Avgv‡ì iZœwe‡kl n‡jI Zv AvR wejywßi c‡_| L. Kwe ÔmI`vM‡ii wWOvi eniÕ ej‡Z Kx eywS‡q‡Qb? 2
cwjømvwn‡Z¨ Gme Dcv`vb msMÖn, msiÿY I m¤úªmvi‡Yi `vwqZ¡ M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ bvbv Av‡›`vjb, wecøe-we‡`ªv‡ni cUf‚wg
ÔAvgvi cwiPqÕ KweZvi Av‡jv‡K wePvi Ki| 3
Avgv‡ì mK‡ji| N. ÔAvgvi cwiPqÕ KweZvi mgMÖ fve DÏxc‡K cÖwZdwjZ
K. cwjøRbbxi ey‡Ki †Kv‡Y Kx jywK‡q Av‡Q? 1 nqwb †Zvgvi gZvg‡Zi c‡ÿ hyw³ Dc¯’vcb Ki| 4
L. evsjvi gymjgvbI mvwnZ¨ m¤ú‡` †h, abx GK_v Kxfv‡e
cÖgvY Kiv hvq? 2 M AskDcb¨vm
M. DÏxc‡K ÔcwjømvwnZ¨Õ cÖe‡Üi †Kvb w`KwUi cÖwZ Bw½Z Kiv 8  ¯‹zj wkÿK gy`©vdwKi †ZZvwjø‡ki `ywf©‡ÿ ¯¿x-mšÍvb‡ì gi‡Z
n‡q‡Q? e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 †`‡L‡Qb| GgbwK jvk¸‡jv‡K Kei ch©šÍ w`‡Z cv‡ibwb| wkqvj-
N. ÒDÏxc‡Ki †kl evK¨wU ÔcwjømvwnZ¨Õ cÖe‡Üi g~jK_v‡K kKz‡b Lye‡j †L‡q‡Q| Gme `„k¨ †`‡L wZwb cvMj n‡q †M‡Qb|
cÖwZKvwqZ Ki‡Z mÿg n‡q‡Q|Ó Dw³wUi h_v_©Zv wePvi Ki| 4 K. †gwkbMvb ej, Avgvi bvg †gwkbMvb eyav Kv‡K G K_v e‡j‡Q? 1
L. ÔGKwU fqven KzwUj ivZÕ ej‡Z Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? 2
3  wKlvY LvUv ¯^vgxi mvgvb¨ Av‡q `yB mšÍvb wb‡q AwZK‡ó msmvi P‡j M. DÏxc‡Ki gy`©vdwKi ÔKvKZvyoqvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi †h Pwi‡Îi m‡½
Av‡jqv wewei| mšÍvb‡ì fv‡jvfv‡e †L‡Z ci‡Z w`‡Z bv cvi‡jI mv`„k¨c~Y© Zv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
cig ggZvq AvM‡j iv‡Lb Zv‡ì| `yózwgi Kvi‡Y gv‡Sg‡a¨ N. DÏxc‡Ki PwiÎ I ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi PwiÎ G `y‡qi g‡a¨
eKvSKv Ki‡jI AšÍ‡i Zv‡ì cÖwZ Mfxi ggZv Abyfe K‡ib| mv`„k¨ _vK‡jI Dfq‡K GKm~‡Î Muv_v P‡j bv| DÏxcK I
K. nwini KvR †m‡i KLb evwo wdij? 1 ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi Av‡jv‡K Dw³wUi h_v_©Zv we‡kølY Ki| 4
L. w`wì K_vq byb I †Zj Avb‡Z Acy wØav KiwQj †Kb? 2 9  Avgiv †Zvgvi kvwšÍwcÖq kvšÍ †Q‡j,
M. DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jqv wewei mv‡_ ÔAvg-AuvwUi †fucyÕ M‡íi Zey kÎæ G‡j A¯¿ nv‡Z ai‡Z Rvwb
me©Rqvi mv`„k¨MZ w`K Zz‡j ai| 3 †Zvgvi fq †bB gv Avgiv
N. Av‡jqv wewe I me©Rqv Df‡qB cwjø gv‡qi kvk¦Z PwiÎ|Õ cÖwZev` Ki‡Z Rvwb|
DÏxcK I ÔAvg-AuvwUi †fucyÕ kxl©K M‡íi Av‡jv‡K G K_vi K. eo Rvg MvQUvi wb‡P Kvi mv‡_ eyavi †`Lv nq? 1
Dchy³Zv wePvi Ki| 4 L. ÔGgb Lywk Avgvi Rxe‡b Avi Av‡mwbÕ eyavi G Dw³i KviY Kx? 2
4  iv‡njv gyw³‡hv×v‡ì A¯’vqx K¨v‡¤ú hy×vnZ‡ì †mev-ïkÖƒ×v M. DÏxc‡K ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi cÖwZdwjZ w`KwU e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
KiwQ‡jb| n„`qwe`viK †mB ¯§„wZ AvRI Zv‡K ZvwoZ K‡i| Aemi N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ †`k‡cÖ‡gi ¯îƒc ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡m
mg‡q bvwZ-bvZwb‡ì wb‡q gyw³‡hv×v‡ì Z¨v‡Mi K_v¸‡jv KZUv cÖwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q? we‡kølY Ki| 4
¯§„wZPviY K‡ib| N AskbvUK
K. ÔjngvqÕ k‡ãi A_© Kx? 1 10  b`xi GK‚j fv‡O IK‚j M‡o
L. ÔZvn‡jB †`L-fqUv Avm‡j g‡b|Õ K_vwU eywS‡q †jL| 2 GB †Zv b`xi †Ljv
M. DÏxc‡Ki welqwU bexb cÖRš§‡K Kxfv‡e DØy× Ki‡e Zv mKvj †ejv Avwgi †i ZzB
ÔGKvË‡ii w`b¸wjÕ iPbvi Av‡jv‡K e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 dwKi mÜ¨v‡ejv|
N. DÏxc‡Ki iv‡njvi Kg©KvÐ Ges ÔGKvšÍ‡ii w`b¸wjÕ iPbvi K. nv‡Zg Avjxi eqm KZ? 1
†jwLKvi cÖqvm GK I AwfbœÕ Dw³wU we‡kølY Ki| 4 L. ÔAvgiv Kx Kwiqv Zvnv‡ì †VKvB| AvR bv nq Kvj, hv‡eB
L AskKweZv K_vwU ejv n‡q‡Q †Kb? e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
5  C` G‡jv, C` Gj Kvjv wgqvi N‡i, M. DÏxc‡Ki e³‡eï cÖwZdjb ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki †Kvb Pwi‡Îi
iwOb †cvkvK `vwg Lvevi AvcbR‡bi Z‡i, g‡a¨ †`Lv hvq? e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
cv‡ki N‡i c‡o Av‡Q AvwRgwÏi gv, N. ÒDÏxcKwU ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki h_v_© cÖwZ”Qwe bqÕ gšÍe¨wU
†c‡Ui ÿzavq †Ku‡` g‡i Zv‡K w`jvg bv| g~j¨vqb Ki| 4
GB †Zv †gv‡ì C`, 11  †RGmwm co–qv wkÿv_©x Av`yix we`¨vjq †_‡K evwo wd‡i Rvb‡Z
MvB mv‡gï MxZ| cv‡i wfbMÖv‡gi evevi eqmx gvIjvbv cv‡Îi mv‡_ Zvi we‡qi
K. Kx †`‡L c~Rvwi fRbvjq Lyjj? 1 Av‡qvRb P‚ovšÍ| gv-evev‡K eySvj, KvbœvKvwU Kij wKš‘ djvdj
L. ÔH gw›ì c~Rvwii, nvq †èZv, †Zvgvi bq? f‚Lvwii Ggb k~b¨| gv-evev Zv‡K ej‡jb, ûRy‡ii †Zvgv‡K cQ›`, Zuvi mv‡_
Abyf‚wZi KviY Kx? 2 †Zvgvi we‡q bv w`‡q cv‡ci fvMx n‡Z cvie bv| we‡qi c~‡e©
M. DÏxc‡Ki Kvjvwgqvi mv‡_ ÔgvbylÕ KweZvi †gvjøv-cy‡ivwn‡Zi mncvVx‡K wb‡q cvwj‡q AvB‡bi AvkÖq †bq Av`yix|
Pwi‡Îi †h mv`„k¨ cwijwÿZ nq Zv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 K. Ô†QvU gy‡L eo K_vÕ ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki Dw³wU Kvi wQj? 1
N. DÏxc‡Ki ÔAvwRgwÏi gv ÔgvbylÕ KweZvi ewÂZ‡ì h_v_© L. Gevi Zvi mv‡ai ¯^cœI fvO‡e KviY Kx? 2
cÖwZwbwa n‡q DV‡Z †c‡i‡Q Kx? †Zvgvi gZvg‡Zi c‡ÿ M. Av`yixi gv-evevi wPšÍv-†PZbvi ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡K ewY©Z
hyw³ Dc¯’vcb Ki| 4 ZrKvjxb mgv‡Ri †Kvb w`KwU dz‡U D‡V‡Q? e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
6  Òg‡b c‡o †mB mycywi Mv‡Qi mvwi N. DwÏó w`KwU †_‡K DËi‡Yi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb nv‡kg, Zv‡niv, Av`yix
Zvi cv‡k g„`y †R¨vrmœv gvLv‡bv MÖvg I Zvi mncvVx‡ì g‡Zv ZiæY cÖRš§gšÍe¨wU we‡kølY Ki| 4
16 cywjk jvBb D”P we`¨vjq, w`bvRcyi evsjv cÖ_g cÎ : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

K AskM`¨ 6  ˆk‡ji ˆcVvq G‡mv ZbyMvÎx|
1  `kg †kÖwYi QvÎ ÔKÕ gv‡qi Kv‡Q evqbv a‡i‡Q ÒGev‡i NUv K‡i cvnv‡oi eyK †Piv G‡mv †cÖg`vÎx|
†hb Ii Rš§w`bUv cvjb bv Kiv nq; eis †mB UvKv w`‡q GKz‡ki cvbœv AÄwj w`‡Z Avq †Mv,
eB‡gjv †_‡K I‡K †ek wKQy eB wK‡b †Ìqv †nvK| KviY †m nwiPiY Pz¨Zv M½vi cÖvq †Mv,
wm‡jev‡mi evB‡ii eB¸‡jvi g‡a¨B Zvi bZzb RMr I Rxeb Lyu‡R ¯^‡M©i myav Av‡bv-g‡Z©¨ mycY©v|
cvq|Ó GK_v ï‡b Zvi fvB ÔLÕ AÆnvwm‡Z †d‡U c‡o| †m e‡j, K. wkjvi Mv‡q Kx a‡i? 1
ÔAv‡i †evKv cvVëB gyL¯’ Ki, Kv‡R †`‡e|Ó L. Òk¼v bvB, mgvb hvBÓ ej‡Z Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? 2
K. gvby‡li me©‡kÖô kL †KvbwU? 1 M. DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ ÔSY©vi MvbÕ KweZvi mv`„k¨ †`LvI| 3
L. ÔmywkwÿZ †jvK gvÎB ¯^wkwÿZÕ ej‡Z †jLK Kx eywS‡q‡Qb? 2 N. ÒDÏxcKwU ÔSY©vi MvbÕ KweZvi mv‡_ GKm~‡Î Muv_vÓ
M. ÔLÕ Gi gvbwmKZv ÔeBcovÕ cÖe‡Üi †h w`KwU‡K cÖwZdwjZ KweZvi Abymi‡Y K_vwUi Zvrch© we‡kølY Ki| 4
K‡i Zv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 7  Ògyw³hy‡×i c‡i n‡q‡Q hv‡ì Rš§
N. DÏxc‡K ÔKÕ †hb cÖg_ †PŠayixi Kvw•ÿZ evOvwj gšÍe¨wUi Avgvi G Mvb ïayB Zv‡ì Rb¨
h_v_©Zv we‡kølY Ki| 4 GLv‡b wQjbv †mw`b AÆvwjKv †Kv‡bv,
2  DÏxcK : wK wQj †m BwZnvm ej Z‡e †kvb
(1) †hgb ey‡bv Ij GLv‡b `„ß cv‡q G‡mwQ‡jb GK gnvb †bZv,
†Zgwb evNv †ZuZzj| jÿ RbZvi gv‡Q †Nv‡lwQ‡jb ¯^vaxbZv|Ó
(2) ˆR¨‡ô Liv, Avlv‡p fiv K. ÔfeNy‡iÕ k‡ãi A_© Kx? 1
k‡mï fvi m‡n bv aiv| L. Ô†mw`‡bi me ¯§„wZ gy‡Q w`‡Z n‡q‡Q D`¨Z Kv‡jv nvZ|Õ
K. 'Proletariat' mvwnZ¨ Kx? 1 GLv‡b ÔKv‡jv nvZÕ ej‡Z Kwe Kx eywS‡q‡Qb? 2
L. cÖvewÜK ÔPkgv AvUv †PvLÕ ej‡Z Kv‡ì‡K eywS‡q‡Qb? 2 M. DÏxcKwU Ô¯^vaxbZv, G kãwU Kxfv‡e Avgv‡ì n‡jvÕ
M. DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ ÔcjøxmvwnZ¨Õ cÖe‡Üi †Kvb w`KwUi mv`„k¨ KweZvi mv‡_ †Kvb w`K w`‡q mv`„k¨c~Y© Zv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
i‡q‡Q Zv eY©bv Ki| 3 N. ÒDÏxc‡Ki gnvb †bZv Ges Av‡jvP¨ KweZvq DwjøwLZ ÔKweÕ
N. ÒDÏxc‡Ki ewY©Z Dcv`vb QvovI cwjømvwn‡Zï Av‡iv A‡bK GKB e¨w³Ó Dw³wUi h_v_©Zv wbY©q Ki| 4
Dcv`vb i‡q‡QÓ cwjømvwnZ¨Õ cÖe‡Üi Av‡jv‡K gšÍe¨wUi M AskDcb¨vm
h_v_©Zv hvPvB Ki| 4 8  gwR` Amnvq GK wK‡kvi| Zvi wcZv-gvZv DfqB gviv †M‡Q|
3  †mvbvB evwl©K cixÿv †k‡l GK mßv‡ni Rb¨ gv-evevi mv‡_ wkjs GLb Zvi _vKvi g‡Zv †Kv‡bv RvqMv †bB| MÖv‡gi mevB Zv‡K
†eov‡Z wM‡q mßv‡ni cy‡ivUv mgq ïay †nv‡Uj K‡ÿ ï‡q e‡m †P‡b| hLb my‡hvM cvq ZLb gvby‡li KvR K‡i RxweKv wbe©vn K‡i|
KvwU‡q w`j| cÖPÐiKg Zzlvicv‡Zi d‡j iv¯ÍvNvU, MvQcvjv, gvV- MÖv‡gi mevB Zv‡K fv‡jvev‡m I †mœn K‡i|
NvU me ei‡di Zjvq Pvcv c‡o wM‡qwQj| †eov‡bv †Zv `~‡ii K_v, K. gyw³y evwnbxi KgvÛvi †K wQ‡jb? 1
†nv‡Uj Kÿ †_‡K †e‡iv‡ZB cv‡iwb| L. eyav Zvi PvwPi evwo †_‡K P‡j hvq †Kb? 2
K. ÔcÖevm eÜyÕ iPbvwU ˆmq` gyRZev Avjxi †Kvb MÖš’ †_‡K M. DÏxcKwU ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi eyavi PwiÎ‡K AvswkK
†bIqv n‡q‡Q? 1 aviY K‡i gšÍe¨wU eywS‡q wjL| 3
L. Avãyi ingvb‡K Ônidb †gŠjvÕ AvL¨v †`qv n‡q‡Q †Kb? 2 N. DÏxcKwU ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi mgMÖfve‡K Zz‡j a‡iwb|-
M. DÏxc‡K ÔcÖevm eÜyÕ iPbvi †Kvb welqwU dz‡U D‡V‡Q? e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 Dw³wUi h_v_©Zv wbiƒcY Ki| 4
N. ågY Dc‡fvM Kivi Rb¨ DÏxc‡Ki g‡Zv AvenvIqv †gv‡UB 9  ÒG †`k wecbœ AvR, Rvwb AvR Rxeb g„Zzïv cÖZ¨n m½x, wbqZ
Dchy³ bq| ÔcÖevm eÜyÕ iPbvi Av‡jv‡K Av‡jvPbv Ki| 4 kÎæi AvµgY i‡³i Avíbv Auv‡K| ZeyI my`„p Avwg, Avwg GK
4  (i) `xN©w`b Amy¯’ _vKvi ci †Pqvig¨vb Lv‡jK ZvjyK`v‡ii gv gviv
†M‡Q| RvbvRv Abyôv‡b, KzjLvwb Abyôv‡b †jvK mgvMg AevK Kivi ÿzavZ© gRyi| Avgvi m¤§y‡L AvR GK kÎæ, GK jvj c_, kÎæi
g‡Zv| Pwjøk Abyôv‡b Av‡k-cv‡ki nvRvi nvRvi gvbyl Z…wß K‡i AvNvZ Avi DÏxß kc_|
†L‡q cÖvYf‡i †`vqv Kij| K. †K ivRvKvi KgvÛv‡ii evwo‡Z Av¸b w`‡qwQj? 1
(ii) gv‡qi g„Zzï KÕw`b c‡iB MÖv‡g Rwibv cvMwji g„Zzï Lei ï‡b L. MÖv‡g MYKei nevi KviY Kx? 2
†Pqvig¨vb mv‡ne Qy‡U †M‡jb| Zvi †Q‡j‡K mvšÍb¡ v w`‡jb| wbR M. DÏxcKwU ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi †h w`K‡K Bw½Z K‡i Zv
gv‡qi g‡ZvB `vdb, KzjLvwb I Pwjøkvi Av‡qvRb Ki‡jb| e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
K. Ôme e¨vUvivB GLb evgyb Kv‡qZ n‡Z PvqÕ- †K e‡jwQj? 1 N. DÏxcKwU ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi g~j fv‡eiB cÖwZ”Qwe-
L. ÔAfvMxi Rxeb bv‡Uï †kl A¼Õ ejZ Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? 2 gšÍe¨wUi h_v_©Zv wbiƒcY Ki| 4
M. DÏxc‡Ki (i) As‡k ÔAfvMxi ¯^M©Õ M‡íi †Kvb w`KwU dz‡U N AskbvUK
D‡V‡Q-e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 10  †jLvcovq A`g¨ AvMÖn _vKv m‡Ë¡I Aí eq‡m GK †g‡qi we‡q n‡q
N. ÒVvKzi`vm I Aai hw` Lv‡jK mv‡n‡ei gvbwmKZv aviY hvq| k¦ïievwoi †jvKRb Zvi G AvMÖn‡K fv‡jv †Pv‡L †`‡Lwb|
Ki‡Zb Z‡e KvOvwj‡K Ggb `y‡f©vM †cvnv‡Z n‡Zv bvÓ- wKš‘ †g‡qwU mKj cÖwZeÜKZv‡K `~‡i †V‡j ¯^vgx‡K ivwR Kwi‡q
Dw³wUi h_v_©Zv wbiƒcY Ki| 4 †jLvcov Pvwj‡q hvIqvi wm×všÍ †bq|
L AskKweZv K. Zv‡nivi PvPv‡Zv fvB Kuv`wQj †Kb? 1
5  myax mgvR, ïbyb ewj, GB †i‡LwQ evwR L. Zv‡niv evwo †_‡K cvjv‡Z fq bv Kivi KviY eY©bv Ki| 2
†h-Rb mv‡ai Kvb wb‡q‡Q Rvb †be Zvi AvRB M. DÏxc‡K ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki †h Pwi‡Îi Qwe dz‡U D‡V‡Q Ges
wgwUs nj wdwUs nj, Kvb †g‡j bv Zey, †Kb? eY©bv Ki| 3
Wv‡e-ev‡q Qy‡U †eovB †gjvb hw` cÖfz N. ÒDÏxc‡Ki †g‡qwU Ges ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki Zv‡niv Df‡qB
QyU‡Z †`‡L †QvU †Q‡j ejj, †Kb wg‡Q behy‡Mi bvixi cÖwZwbwaÓ  gšÍe¨wUi Zvrch© we‡kølY Ki| 4
Kv‡bi †Luv‡R giQ Ny‡i †mvbvi wP‡ji wc‡Q? 11  `xN©w`b n‡jv GK e¨w³i ¯¿x MZ n‡q‡Qb| GZw`b we‡qi ZvwM` †eva
†bB‡Kv Lv‡j, †bB‡Kv we‡j, †bB‡Kv gv‡V Mv‡Q bv Ki‡jI GLb †kl eq‡m GKRb m½x cÖ‡qvRb g‡b Ki‡Qb| ZvB
Kvb †hLv‡b wQj Av‡M †mLvbUv‡ZB Av‡Q| †Zv we‡q Ki‡jb Pwjø‡kvaŸ© GK ZvjvKcÖvß gwnjv‡K|
K. ÔRyZv Avwe®‹viÕ KweZvwU †Kvb Kve¨MÖš’ †_‡K msKjb Kiv n‡q‡Q? 1
L. ÔeuvwPj †Mvey, iÿv †cj aivÕ PiYwU eywS‡q †jL| 2 K. ˆmq` IqvjxDjøvni cÖ_g MíMÖ‡š’i bvg Kx? 1
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ myax mgv‡Ri AvPi‡Yi ga¨ w`‡q ÔRyZv L. ÔK…ZÁZvi †ZR †bkvi g‡ZvÕ ej‡Z Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? 2
Avwe®‹viÕ KweZvi †Kvb w`KwU dz‡U D‡V‡Q Zv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 M. DÏxc‡Ki m‡½ ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki êmv`„k¨ eY©bv Ki| 3
N. ÒDÏxc‡K dz‡U IVv welqwU ÔRyZv Avwe®‹viÕ KweZvi g~j N. ewncxi hw` DÏxc‡Ki e¨w³i g‡Zv n‡Zv Zvn‡j Kx bvU‡Ki
DcRxe¨Ó Dw³wU we‡kølY Ki| 4 cwiYwZ Ab¨ iKg n‡Zv? g‡Zi c‡ÿ hyw³ †`LvI| 4
17 KzwoMÖvg miKvwi D”P we`¨vjq evsjv cÖ_g cÎ : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

K AskM`¨ K. Ô†mB w`b GB gvVÕ KweZvwU †Kvb MÖš’ †_‡K †bIqv n‡q‡Q? 1
1  evsjvi Awemsevw`Z †bZv e½eÜy †kL gywReyi ingvb c~e© L. ÔGwkwiqv ay‡jv AvR e¨vwejb QvB n‡q Av‡QÕÑ e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
cvwK¯Ív‡bi †kvwlZ Rb‡Mvôxi gyw³i j‡ÿ¨ AvRxeb msMÖvg K‡i M. DÏxc‡Ki m‡½ Ô†mBw`b GB gvVÕ KweZvi Zzjbv Ki| 3
†M‡Qb| evsjvi Avcvgi RbmvaviY Zuvi Wv‡K gnvb gyw³hy‡× N. ÔDÏxcKwU †hb Ô†mB w`b GB gvVÕ KweZviB M`ïƒcÕÑ
AskMÖnY K‡i wbwØavq Rxeb wemR©b w`‡qwQj| gšÍe¨wU wePvi Ki| 4
K. ÔD‡cwÿZ kw³i D‡ØvabÕ Kx ai‡bi mvwnZ¨Kg©? 1 7  ÒhLb nvbv`vi ea msMx‡Z
L. ÔKv‡Pi b¨vq ¯^”Q AšÍiÕ ej‡Z Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? 2 ¯^‡`‡ki ZiæY nv‡Z
M. DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ ÔD‡cwÿZ kw³i D‡ØvabÕÑ iPbvi Zzjbv Ki| 3 wbZ¨ †e‡R‡Q Aweivg
N. ÔDÏxc‡Ki e½eÜy †hb gnvZ¥v MvÜxiB cÖwZiƒcÓÑ g~j¨vqb Ki| 4 †gwkbMvb gU©vi †MÖ‡bW|Ó  gwbiæ¾vgvb
2  ¯¿xi †`qv welcv‡b g„Zz¨Kv‡j Bgvg nvmvb Zuvi wel`vZvi cwiPq K. KweZvi nv‡Z Kx? 1
Rvb‡Z †c‡iI Zv‡K D‡Ïk¨ K‡i e‡jb, Ô†Zvgv‡K eoB L. ÔA Av K L eY©gvjv c‡_ c‡_ÕÑ ej‡Z Kwe Kx eywS‡q‡Qb? 2
fv‡jvevwmZvg, eoB †mœn KwiZvg, Zvnvi Dchy³ Kvh©B Zzwg M. DÏxc‡K Ômvnmx Rbbx evsjvÕ KweZvi †h welqwU dz‡U D‡V‡Q
KwiqvQ| †Zvgvi Pÿz nB‡Z nvmvb wPiZ‡i we`vq nB‡Z‡Q| Ômy‡L Zvi cwiPq `vI| 3
_vK, †Zvgv‡K Avwg ÿgv Kwijvg|Õ N. DÏxcKwU Ômvnmx Rbbx evsjvÕ KweZvi mgMÖZv‡K ¯úk©
K. Ôgvbyl gyn¤§` (m.)Õ iPbvq Ôexi evûÕ †K? 1 Ki‡Z cv‡iwb we‡kølY Ki| 4
L. ÔG‡ì Ávb `vI cÖfz, G‡ì ÿgv KiÕÑ gnvbwe (m.) †Kb G M AskDcb¨vm
cÖv_©bv K‡i‡Qb? 2 8  ggx© Gevi C‡` MÖv‡gi evwo‡Z G‡m LyeB Avbw›`Z| eûw`b ci I
M. DÏxc‡K Ôgvbyl gyn¤§` (m.)Õ cÖe‡Üi †h w`KwUi cÖwZdjb my‡hvM †c‡q‡Q cvwLi WvK, †kqv‡ji nuvK †kvbvi| we‡ji R‡j
N‡U‡Q Zvi cwiPq `vI| 3 dzUšÍ kvcjvi mgv‡ivn, cyKz‡i wPZ muvZvi Avi Zvj-Zgvj-wnR‡ji
N. ÔcÖwZdwjZ w`KwU QvovI cÖe‡Ü AviI w`K Av‡QÕ Dw³wU meyR cÖK…wZ‡K cÖvYf‡i Dc‡fv‡Mi| Ii wbR nv‡Z Mov evMv‡bi
we‡kølY Ki| 4 bvbv dz‡ji myevmI †g‡L †bq mviv kix‡i|
3  nZ`wi`ª cwiev‡ii †g‡q mvwebv| †c‡Ui `v‡q M„nKgx©i KvR K‡i| K. ÔgÄwiÕ k‡ãi A_© Kx? 1
M„nKÎx© gbœRvb mvwebv‡K mšÍvbZzj¨ †mœn K‡ib| mvwebvI gbœyRv‡bi L. ÔAvwg †Kvb AvMšÍK bBÕ KweZvq Kwe AvZ¥cwiPq wbwðZ
`ywU wkï mšÍvb ggx© I gy»‡K Avcb K‡i wb‡q‡Q| I‡ì †`Lvïbv, Ki‡Z GZ D`MÖxe †Kb? 2
LvIqv-`vIqv, †Ljvayjv mewKQz‡ZB mvwebvi AmvaviY AvšÍwiKZv I M. DÏxc‡Ki ggx©i mv‡_ Kwe Avnmvb nvex‡ei cv_©K¨ e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
`ÿZvq gbœyRvbI A‡bK Lywk| N. ÔcÖK…wZ †PZbvi †ÿ‡Î DÏxc‡Ki ggx© Ges Kwe GKB
K. ÔggZvw`Õ MíwU †Kvb MÖ‡š’i AšÍM©Z? 1 mij‡iLvi weivRgvbÕÑ Dw³wU hyw³mn Av‡jvPbv Ki| 4
L. Po LvIqvi welqwU ggZvw` †Mvcb K‡iwQj †Kb? 2 9  `yM©vcy‡ii Avãyj nvwg` Ii‡d `vM&Mxj gIjvbv kvwšÍ KwgwUi
M. DÏxc‡Ki mvwebv Pwi‡Îi mv‡_ ggZvwì êmv`„k¨ Zz‡j ai| 3 †Pqvig¨vb wQ‡jb| GjvKvq Zvi cÖPzi mybvg wQj me mgq gvby‡li
N. ÔM„nKgx©i cÖwZ gvbweK AvPiY DÏxcK I ÔggZvw`Õ M‡íi g½j KivB wQj Zvi eªZ| wKš‘ nVvr Kx n‡jv! ivZvivwZ wZwb cv‡ë
g~j myiÕ gšÍe¨wUi h_v_©Zv wbiƒcY Ki| 4 †M‡jb| aviY Ki‡jb `vbexq iƒc| gyw³‡hv×v‡ì nZ¨v I wbixn
4  cyZjz †Ljvi w`b¸‡jv KvU‡Z bv KvU‡Z gv ej‡jb gÄyjx †Zvi gv-†evb‡ì wbh©vZb Zuvi †bkvq cwiYZ n‡jv| wZwb ej‡Zb Ôev`
we‡q| ZL‡bv we‡q wRwbmUv eyS‡ZB wkwLwb| †mB †h ïiæ dRi `ywU cvwL wkKvi (gyw³‡hv×v nZ¨v) bv Ki‡j PvUv we¯^v` jv‡M|
K‡iwQjvg msmvi AvR Rxe‡bi cošÍ‡ejv| mevB e‡j a‡b-R‡b K. evsjv mvwn‡Zï cÖ_g mv_©K Dcb¨vm †KvbwU? 1
gÄyjxi msmvi †hb Puv‡ì nv‡U cwiYZ n‡q‡Q| A_P `‡ki †evSv L. ÔGevi g„Zzï DrcvZ ïiæ K‡i‡Q wfbœ iK‡gi gvbylÕ e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
†U‡b †U‡b Avwg K¬všÍ| myL wKsev `yt‡Li wnmve Rxeb LvZvi cvZvq M. DÏxc‡Ki `vM&Mxj gIjvbv ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi †h
†gjv‡bvi dzimZ Avgvi †Kv_v! Pwi‡Îi cÖwZwbwaZ¡ K‡i Zvi cwiPq `vI| 3
K. 1939 mv‡j ebdz‡ji †Kvb MÖš’ cÖKvwkZ nq? 1 N. ÒDÏxcKwU ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi LÐwPÎ gvÎÓ gšÍe¨wUi
L. wbgMvQ bZzb †jvKUvi mv‡_ P‡j †h‡Z Pvq †Kb? 2 we‡kølY Ki| 4
M. DÏxcKwU ÔwbgMvQÕ M‡íi †h w`KwUi mv‡_ mv`„k¨c~Y© Zvi N AskbvUK
cwiPq `vI| 3 10  AÜ †gvZvnvi †gvjøv †gvwgbcy‡ii †gv`v‡”Qi cxi wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ| cÖwZw`b
N. ÔwbgMvQÕ M‡íi †kl e³‡eï mv‡_ DÏxc‡Ki m¤úK© AZ¨šÍ Zuvi evwo‡Z `~i-`~ivšÍ †_‡K gywiìvmn A‡bK gvbyl Av‡m| wZwb Zv‡ì
wbweoÕÑ we‡kølY Ki| 4 bvbv mgm¨v AZ¨šÍ âh© mnKv‡i †kv‡bb Ges cviZc‡ÿ mgvavb Kivi †Póv
L AskKweZv K‡ib| SvodzuK, gv`wj-ZvweRI †bb †KD †KD| wZwb †Kvb nvw`qv-†Zvndv
5  ÒbvB wK‡i myL, bvB wK‡i myL MÖnY K‡ib bv| Zvi AvPiY gvwR©Z I eÜymyjf|
G aiv wK ïay welv`gq K. im wePv‡i bvUK KZ cÖKvi? 1
hvZ‡b R¡wjqv Kuvw`qv gwi‡Z L. ÒAvwg Zv‡K euvPv‡evB| we‡q K‡i n‡jI euvPv‡ev|Ó nv‡k‡gi
†Kewj wK bi Rbg jqÓ| G `„p cÖZ¨q †Kb? 2
Avcbv‡i j‡q weeªZ iwn‡Z M. DÏxc‡Ki cx‡ii mv‡_ ewncx‡ii mv`„k¨ e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
Av‡m bvB †Kn Aebxi c‡i N. DÏxc‡Ki AÜcxi mv‡n‡ei mv‡_ ewncx‡ii mv`„k¨ A‡cÿv
mK‡ji Z‡i mK‡j Avgiv êmv`„k¨B †ewkÑ hyw³mn Dc¯’vcb Ki| 4
cÖ‡Z¨‡K †gviv c‡ii Z‡i|Ó 11  ÒZzwg Avm‡e e‡j weaŸ¯Í cvovi cÖfzi ev¯‘wfUvi
K. ÔRxeb-m½xZÕ KweZvwU †Kvb KweZvi fvevbyev`? 1 fMœ¯Í‚‡c ùvwo‡q GKUvbv AvZ©bv` Kij GKUv KzKzi|
L. Kwe evn¨`„‡k¨ gb‡K fzj‡Z wb‡la K‡i‡Qb †Kb? 2 Zzwg Avm‡e e‡j †n ¯^vaxbZv,
M. DÏxc‡K ÔRxeb-m½xZÕ KweZvi cÖwZdwjZ w`KwUi e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 AeyS wkï nvgv¸wo w`j wcZv-gvZvi jv‡ki Dci|
N. ÔcwiwnZeª‡Z gvbeRxeb ab¨ I mv_©K nqÕ DÏxcK I K. MYKei Kx? 1
KweZvi Av‡jv‡K Dw³wU we‡kølY Ki| 4 L. eyav‡K †iwK Kivi Kv‡Ri `vwqZ¡ †`qv nq †Kb? 2
6  cÖK…wZ I Rxe‡bi Abycg Av‡jL¨ wef‚wlf‚lY e‡›`vcva¨v‡qi M. DÏxcKwU ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi †h w`KwUi cÖwZdjb
mgim„wó Ôc‡_i cu¨vPvjxÕ I ÔAviY¨‡KÕ Dcb¨vm| †hLv‡b cÖK…wZ NwU‡q‡Q Zvi cwiPq `vI| 3
wPiKv‡ji bexbiƒ‡c Avwef©~Z n‡q‡Q| Acy, `yM©vmn AviI A‡b‡K N. ÒDÏxcKwU‡Z gnvb gyw³hy‡× cvKnvbv`vi‡ì ee©iZvi
†mB wPiKv‡ji cÖK…wZi mšÍvb| Giv hvq Av‡m-_v‡K bv| wKš‘ cÖK…wZ cvkvcvwk evOvwj‡ì AvZ¥wemR©‡bi w`KwUI D¾¡jÓÑ
wPiKvjB bvbv iƒc-im-MÜ-¯ú‡k© wPiweivRgvb| ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi Av‡jv‡K gšÍe¨wU we‡kølY Ki| 4
18 cÂMo we.wc. miKvwi D”P we`¨vjq evsjv cÖ_g cÎ : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

K AskM`¨ K. ÔSY©vi MvbÕ KweZvi †kl kãwU Kx? 1
1  evj¨Kvj nB‡Z Avgv‡ì wkÿvi mwnZ Avb›` bvB| †Kej hvnv L. ÔP‡Kvi Pvq P›`ªgqÕ e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
wbZvšÍB Avek¨K ZvnvB KÉ¯’ Kwi‡ZwQ| Bnv‡Z †Kv‡bvg‡Z KvR M. DÏxc‡K ÔSY©vi MvbÕ KweZvi †Kvb welqwU cÖvavb¨ †c‡q‡Q?
P‡j gvÎ| wKš‘ g‡bi weKvk jvf nq bv| nvIqv LvB‡j †cU f‡i e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
bv, wKš‘ Avnvivw` ixwZg‡Zv nRg Kwievi Rb¨ nvIqv Avek¨K| N. DÏxc‡Ki †gŠgvwQ I wccxwjKv †hb Av‡jvP¨ KweZvq ewY©Z
†Zgwb GKwU wkÿv cy¯ÍK‡K ixwZg‡Zv nRg Kwi‡Z A‡bK¸‡jv Sibvi cÖwZiƒc D³wU g~j¨vqb Ki| 4
AcvV¨ cy¯Í‡Ki mvnvh¨ Avek¨K| 7  Avwg evsjvq Mvb MvB
K. †¯^”Qvq eB co‡j Avgiv Zv‡K †Kvb `‡j †d‡j w`B? 1 Avwg Avgvi Avwg‡K wPiw`b
L. Òcvm Kiv I wkwÿZ nIqv GK e¯‘ bqÓ eywS‡q †jL| 2 GB evsjvq Luy‡R cvB|
M. DÏxc‡K ÔeB covÕ cÖe‡Üi †Kvb w`KwU cÖwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q? Avwg evsjvq †`wL ¯^cœ
Avwg evsjvq euvwa myi
Av‡jvPbv Ki| 3 Avwg GB evsjvq gvqvfiv c‡_
N. ÒDÏxcKwU ÔeB covÕ cÖe‡Üi h_v_© cÖwZ”QweÓ DË‡ii †nu‡UwQ GZUv `~i|
c‡ÿ hyw³ `vI| 4 K. ÔAvgvi cwiPqÕ KweZvq †Kvb hy‡Mi wPÎKjvi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q? 1
2  †Q‡jUvi eqm n‡e evi eQi L. ÒAvwg evsjvi Avjc_ w`‡q nvRvi eQi PwjÓ PiYwU e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
c‡ii N‡i gvbyl M. DÏxcKwUi g~j e³e¨ †Kvb w`K w`‡q ÔAvgvi cwiPqÕ
gvi Lvq `gv`g KweZvi m‡½ mv`„k¨c~Y © e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
Mvj Lvq ARmÖ N. Ò†nu‡UwQ GZUv `~iÓ DÏxc‡Ki GB Dw³wU ÔAvgvi cwiPqÕ
Qvov †c‡jB Avevi †`q †`Šo KweZvi Av‡jv‡K g~j¨vqb Ki| 4
K. ÔAvg-AuvwUi †fucyÕ M‡í AvgMvQwU †Kv_vq wQj? 1 M AskDcb¨vm
L. M½v-hgybv ej‡Z Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? 2 8  iwdK MÖx‡®§i QywU‡Z ¯¿x-mšÍvb‡ì wb‡q MÖv‡gi evwo hvw”Q‡jb| c‡_
M. DÏxc‡Ki †Q‡j Avi ÔAvg-AvuwUi †fucyÕ M‡íi `yM©v †hb GKB `yN©Ubvq ¯¿x I `yB cyÎ gviv hvq| AvcbRb‡ì nvwi‡q †kv‡K cv_i
gy`ªvi GwcV-IwcV e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 n‡q hvb wZwb| Kuv`‡Z cv‡ib bv wZwb| PvKwi KvRKg© †Q‡o w`‡q
N. `yišÍcbv †hb DÏxcK I ÔAvg-AuvwUi †fucyÕ M‡íi g~i c‡_ Ny‡i †eovb| GLb mevB Zv‡K cvMj e‡j|
Kvwnwb h_v_©Zv wbiƒcY Ki| 4 K. IBUzKz †Z‡ji `vg †kva w`‡Z n‡e bv- †K e‡jwQj? 1
3  cqjv êkv‡Li wØZxq eo Abyôvb nvjLvZv| Zv‡ì †`vKvb¸‡jv‡K L. Ò†hb cy‡iv GKwU wej Xz‡K Av‡Q Ii †Pv‡LÓ K_vwU eywS‡q †jL| 2
my›ì K‡i jvj bxi meyR KvMR w`‡q mvRvb| RvwZ-ag©-eY© M. DÏxcKwU †Kvb w`K w`‡q ÔKvKZvWzqvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi mv‡_
wbwe©‡k‡l mK‡jB GB Drm‡e †hvM †`b| mvgÄm¨c~Y©? e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
K. beel© †jLvwU †Kvb MÖš’ †_‡K †bIqv n‡q‡Q? 1 N. iwdK Gi cv_i n‡q hvIqv Avi eyavi k³ n‡q hvIqvi NUbv
L. ÔZvcmwbk¦vmev‡q gyg~ly©‡i `vI Dov‡qÓ-Gi A_© eywS‡q †jL| 2 †hb GK m~Î Muv_v gšÍe¨wU we‡kølY Ki| 4
M. DÏxc‡K Ôcqjv êkvLÕ cÖe‡Üi †Kvb w`KwU dz‡U D‡V‡Q Zv 9  wb‡Pi QKwU ch©‡eÿY K‡i cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI :
Zz‡j ai| 3 1 2
N. Ôcqjv êkvL ïay GKwU Abyôvb bq, Gi ga¨ w`‡q cÖKvwkZ
gnvb gywÚhy«¬ KvKZvo~qv
nq evOvwji AvwZ‡_qZvÓ K_vwUi Zvrch© †jL| 4
4  mvwn‡Zï GB kvLvwU AvaywbK Kv‡ji m„wó| Gi eqm Pwjøk †_‡K
cÂvk eQi n‡e| GwU M‡`¨ wjwLZ| AvKv‡i †ewk eo bq| G‡Z exiGkÉÓ¤ 7 gvPÆ 16 wWGmÁ¼i kvw¯¦ KwgwU Avwj, wgVz kvnveywób
†Kv‡bv bv †Kv‡bv Kvwnwbi eY©bv _vK‡e, Z‡e Zv ïiæ †_‡K †kl ch©šÍ K. AvaywbK Dcb¨v‡mi cÖ_g m~ÎcvZ N‡U †Kv_vq? 1
bq| Kvwnwbi wfZi †_‡KB †e‡Q †bIqv †Kv‡bv Ask _v‡K gvÎ| L. kvnveywÏb eyavi Qwe AuvK‡Z Pvb †Kb? 2
K. bxj`c©Y †Kvb ai‡bi bvU‡Ki †kÖô D`vniY? 1 M. †Kvb HwZnvwmK fvlYwU eyav‡K gyw³hy‡×i cÖwZ Pigfv‡e
L. Uª¨v‡RwW ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2 AvK…ó K‡i? e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
M. DÏxc‡Ki e³‡e¨ Ômvwn‡Zï iƒc I ixwZÕ cÖe‡Üi †h kvLvi N. Ògyw³hy‡× exi‡kÖô‡ì KvR Avi Dcb¨v‡mi kvnveywÏ‡bi KvR GK
êwkó¨ we`¨gvb Zvi weeiY `vI| 3 I AwfbœÓ Dcb¨v‡mi Av‡jv‡K Dw³i h_v_©Zv wbiƒcY Ki| 4
N. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z w`KwUB M`¨ mvwn‡Zï GKgvÎ w`K bq 10  mvgvwRK cÖ_v Abyhvqx G †`‡ki bvix mgvR bvbv-eÂbv I
gšÍe¨wU we‡kølY Ki| 4 wbcxo‡bi wkKvi| G¸‡jvi g‡a¨ evj¨weevn, eûweevn I †hŠZzK
L AskKweZv BZ¨vw`| K_vq Av‡Q AwaKvi †KD KvD‡K †`q bv, Av`vq Ki‡Z
5  evsjvi b`x wK †kvfvkvwjbx nq| GRb¨ ìKvi bvix wkÿv| ZvQvov bvix‡ì gvbwmK `vm‡Z¡i
wK gayi Zvi KzjKzj aŸwb g‡bvfve cwinvi Ki‡Z n‡e|
`yÕav‡i Zvnvi weUwci †kÖwY K. ÒewncxiÓ bvUKwU KZ A‡¼ wef³? 1
†nwi‡j Ryovq wnqv| L. ÒZvnvivB Avgv‡K Av‡ówc‡ó euvwaqv ivwLqv‡QÓ K_vwU eywS‡q †jL| 2
K. ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvq †Kvb msMx‡Zi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q? 1 M. evOvwj bvixi Rxeb †PZbvi †h cwiPq DÏxc‡K cwijwÿZ
nq Zv ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki Av‡jv‡K e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
L. Ò`y»‡mÖvZiƒcx Zzwg Rš§f‚wg-¯Í‡bÓ G K_v w`‡q Kwe Kx
N. ÒAwaKvi †KD KvD‡K †`q bv, Av`vq Ki‡Z nqÓ GB Dw³i
†evSv‡Z †P‡q‡Qb? 2 Av‡jv‡K ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki Zv‡nivi cÖwZev`x `„wófw½ we‡kølY Ki| 4
M. DÏxc‡Ki g~jfv‡ei mv‡_ ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvi g~jfv‡ei 11  MÖv‡gi †gvoj wØZxq ¯¿x wn‡m‡e nvwKg Avwji †g‡q †nbv‡K we‡q
mv`„k¨ eY©bv Ki| 3 Ki‡Z Pvq| †gvoj †nbvi evev‡K A_©m¤ú‡ì †jvf †`Lvq| G‡Z
N. ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvi cwiYwZi w`KwU DÏxc‡K Abycw¯’Z| †nbvi evev ivwR nq| †nbv GB we‡q Ki‡Z A¯^xK…wZ Rvbvq Ges
we‡kølY Ki| 4 evwo †_‡K cvwj‡q wM‡q †cvkvK KviLvbvq PvKwi †bq|
6  †gŠgvwQ : IB dzj dz‡U e‡b K. nv‡Zg Avwji evjëÜyi bvg Kx? 1
hvB gay Avni‡Y L. Ôkvevk †g‡q ZzBÕ †Lv‡`Rvi GB Dw³wUi KviY e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
ùvovevi mgq g‡Zv bvB| M. DÏxc‡K nvwKg Avwji m‡½ Zv‡nivi evcRv‡bi Pwi‡Îi
wccxwjKv : kx‡Zi mÂq PvB Zzjbvg~jK wePvi Ki| 3
Lv`¨ LuywR‡ZwQ ZvB N. Ò†nbv I Zv‡niv wb‡R‡ì ¯^vaxb mËvi cwiPq w`‡q‡QÓ
Qq cv‡q wcjwcj Pwj| gšÍe¨wU we‡kølY Ki| 4
19 bxjdvgvix miKvwi D”P we`¨vjq evsjv cÖ_g cÎ : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

K AskM`¨ K. Ô¯^vaxbZv, G kãwU Kxfv‡e Avgv‡ì n‡jvÕ KweZvq ÔMYm~‡h©i gÂÕ Kx? 1
1  Mv‡bi Ask-1 : L. Ômvnmx Rbbx evsjvÕ KweZvq evOvwj‡K Abvh© RvwZ ejv n‡q‡Q †Kb? 2
nv‡Z hw` _vK‡Zv †Qviv, †Zvi ÿzw` Kx co‡Zv aiv gv‡Mv M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g Aby‡”Q‡ì mv‡_ Ô¯^vaxbZv, G kãwU Kxfv‡e Avgv‡ì
i‡³ gvs‡m GK KwiZvg, †`L‡Zv RMrevmx| [ÿzwìv‡gi duvwm] n‡jvÕ KweZvi welqe¯‘i mv`„k¨ e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
Mv‡bi Ask-2 : N. ÒDÏxc‡Ki wØZxq Aby‡”Q` Ômvnmx Rbbx evsjvÕ KweZvi welqe¯‘i
Avwm e‡j Avgvq †d‡j, †m †h †Mj fvB AvswkK cÖwZdjb gvÎÓDw³wUi h_v_© wbiƒcY Ki| 4
wZb fze‡bi †Kv_vq †M‡j fvB‡qi †`Lv cvB| [†`kvZ¥‡eva Mvb iæbv jvqjv] 7  †ÿ‡Z †ÿ‡Z Nywi kvgy‡K Kwiqv Luy‡U Luy‡U Zzwj avb
K. ÔGKvË‡ii w`b¸wjÕ M‡í DwjøwLZ Ô†eq‡bUÕ Kx? 1 †MvUv wkl hw` †`wL fuy‡q c‡o D_wjqv I‡V cÖvY|
L. ¯‹zj Lyj‡jI Rvgx ¯‹z‡j hvqwb †Kb? 2 nuvwUqv nuvwUqv Ggwb Kwiqv mviv nq avb †LuvRv,
M. ÒMv‡bi Ask-1 Gi ÿzwìvg Gi AvZ¥Z¨vM Ges ÔGKvË‡ii w`b¸wjÕ wb‡q hvq N‡i cvovi †jv‡Kiv AuvwU AuvwU †evSv †evSv| (Kzovbx Kvjx`vm ivq)
M‡íi iægxi AvZ¥Z¨vM GKB m~‡Î Muv_vÓ e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 KweZvsk-2 :
N. ÒMv‡bi Ask-2 G Rvgxi n„`‡qi AvKzwZB cÖKvk †c‡q‡QÓ Dw³wUi mK‡ji gyL nvwm fiv †`‡L
h_v_©Zv wbiƒcY Ki| 4 cvi bv gywQ‡Z bqb avi?
2  gv giv †g‡q cÖwZeÜx Bfv| K_v ej‡Z cv‡i bv †Zv Kx n‡q‡Q? eyw×‡Z †m Lye ciwnZ eª‡Z cvi bv ivwL‡Z,
cvKv| cÖwZeÜx n‡jI evev Bfv‡K Lye fv‡jvev‡mb| †Rjv kn‡ii cÖwZeÜx ¯‹z‡j Pvwcqv Avcb welv` fvi?
Bfv‡K fwZ© K‡i w`‡q‡Qb| K¬v‡mi A‡b‡Ki mv‡_ Bfvi fve n‡q‡Q| hLb GKv K. ÔivbviÕ KweZvq ÔjÉbÕ Kx? 1
L. ÔRxe‡bi me ivwÎ‡K Iiv wK‡b‡Q Aí `v‡gÕ ej‡Z Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? 2
_v‡K cÖK…wZi mv‡_ Avbg‡b †m K_v e‡j| M. ÔivbviÕ KweZvi ivbv‡ii mv‡_ KweZvsk-1 Gi mv`„k¨ e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
gv giv GMvi eQi eqmx Avwgbv| G‡Zv Aí eq‡mI Mdz‡ii msmvi‡K cvKv M„wnbxi N. ÒKweZvsk-2 G g~jZ ivbv‡ii fvivµvšÍ n„`‡qi †e`bvi wPÎ AvswkK
g‡Zv AvMwj‡q †i‡L‡Q| Mdzi A‡bK mgq wb‡R bv †L‡q g‡nk‡K †L‡Z †`q, N‡ii dz‡U D‡V‡QÓ Dw³wUi g~j¨vqb Ki| 4
Qvjv †_‡K Lo †ei K‡i g‡nk‡K Pzwcmv‡i w`‡q Av‡m| Avgbv g„`y cÖwZev` K‡i e‡j
evev, Gfv‡e Lo w`‡Z _vK‡j AvMvgx el©vq N‡i _vKv `vq n‡q co‡e| M AskDcb¨vm
K. ÔmyfvÕ M‡í DwjøwLZ Ô†XuwKkvjvÕ Kx? 1 8  (i) wgqvbgv‡ii ivLvBb cÖ‡`‡ki Awaevmx †ivwn½v m¤úÖ`vq| †m †`‡ki miKvwi
L. iwmK `y‡j Zvi cv‡qi ay‡jv w`‡Z wM‡q †Ku‡` †djj †Kb? 2 evwnbxi nZ¨v, al©Y, AZ¨vPv‡i AwZô n‡q Zviv evsjv‡`‡k cvwo Rgvq|
wgqvbgvi miKvi Zv‡ì bvMwiK‡Z¡i ¯^xK…wZmn Ab¨vb¨ myweav bv †Ìqvq Zviv
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g Aby‡”Q‡` ewY©Z cÖwZeÜx Bfvi mv‡_ myfvi PvwiwÎK wgqvbgv‡i wd‡i †h‡Z AvMÖnx bq| Zviv Zv‡ì AwaKvi Pvq|
êmv`„k¨ e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 (ii) Rš§f‚wg mevi Kv‡Q wcÖq| webv Kvi‡Y †KD Zvi Rš§f‚wg Z¨vM K‡ib bv|
N. ÒDÏxc‡Ki wØZxq Aby‡”Q‡ì Avwgbv Ges ÔAfvMxi ¯^M©Õ M‡íi KvOvwj cÖ‡qvR‡b Rš§f‚wgi Rb¨ Gi bvMwiKiv Rxeb w`‡ZI cÖ¯‘Z _v‡K| g°v Z¨v‡Mi
DfqB `y‡f©v‡Mï wkKviÓDw³wUi h_v_©Zv hvPvB Ki| 4 c~‡e© gnvbwe (m) evievi g°vi w`‡K wd‡i ZvKvw”Q‡jb Ges ej‡jb, †n wcÖq
3  Avwmd gnwmb n‡j mxU †c‡q‡Q| †m XvKv wek¦we`¨vj‡qi evsjv wefv‡Mi QvÎ| Rš§f‚wg, Avgvi ¯^RvwZiv hw` eva¨ bv KiZ Avwg KL‡bv †Zvgv‡K †Q‡o †hZvg
gykwKj n‡jv Zvi wZb mv‡o wZb gY IR‡bi wRwbmcÎ wZbZjvq †Zvjv| iwng bv| Rš§f‚wg ¯^M©v`cx Mixqmx A_©vr Rš§f‚wg ¯^‡M©i †P‡qI †kÖô|
fvB‡qi WvK coj| kZ©, mKv‡ji bv¯Ív Kiv‡Z n‡e| Avwmd ivwR| mKv‡j K. Dcb¨vm Kv‡K e‡j? 1
iwng fvB AvUwÎk Lvbv Z›`yix iæwU, 2 evwU Wvj, 2 evwU mewR I GK gM Pv L. †bvjK eyqvi mv‡_ eyav MÖvg †Q‡o †h‡Z Pvqwb †Kb? 2
†L‡jb| Avwmd AevK n‡q ZvwK‡q iBj| M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g Aby‡”Q‡ì mv‡_ ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi †h we‡kl
ZiæY †jLK †f‡ewQ‡jb Zvi evÜex AwZ my›ìx| ZvB Zv‡K †nv‡U‡j wbgš¿Y Ki‡jb| w`KwUi mv`„k¨ dz‡U D‡V‡Q Zvi eY©bv `vI| 3
h_vixwZ Zvi evÜex wbgš¿‡Y mvov w`‡jb| wKš‘ evÜexi Amy›ì KzrwmZ †Pnviv †`‡L N. ÒDÏxc‡Ki wØZxq Aby‡”Q‡` eyavi †`k‡cÖ‡gi wPÎwU dz‡U D‡V‡QÓ
†jL‡Ki n„`‡qi ¯ú›`b †_‡g hvIqvi Dcµg n‡jv| hv †nvK, f`ªZvi LvwZ‡i wZwb Dw³wUi h_v_©Zv wbiƒcY Ki| 4
Zv‡K Avc¨vq‡bi eë¯’v Ki‡jb| Rv¤^y mvB‡Ri Zvi †cUzK evÜex evievi ej‡Z 9  Mv‡bi Ask-1 :
jvM‡jb, Avwg †Zgb wKQy LvB bv, Z‡e AgyK, AgyK wRwbm n‡j g›` nq bv| wej gv‡Mv fvebv †Kb Avgiv †Zvgvi kvwšÍwcÖq kvšÍ †Q‡j
w`‡Z wM‡q †jLK †`L‡jb, Zvi cy‡iv gv‡mi Li‡Pi UvKv †kl| Zey kÎæ G‡j A¯¿ nv‡Z ai‡Z Rvwb
K. ÔcÖevm eÜyÕ M‡í ÔgZ©gvb KjvÕ Kx? 1 †Zvgvi fq †bB gv Avgiv cÖwZev` Ki‡Z Rvwb|
L. dvjy`v evbv‡bvi eid cvMgvb cvnvo †_‡K Avbvi c×wZ e¨vL¨v Ki| 2 Mv‡bi Ask-2 :
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g Aby‡”Q‡` DwjøwLZ iwng fvB‡qi Lv`¨vf¨v‡mi mv‡_ GK b`x i³ †cwi‡q evsjvi AvKv‡k iw³g m~h© Avb‡j hviv
ÔcÖevm eÜyÕ M‡íi Ave`yi ingv‡bi Lv`¨vf¨v‡mi Zzjbv Ki| 3 †Zvgv‡ì GB FY †Kv‡bvw`b †kva n‡e bv|
N. ÒDÏxc‡Ki wØZxq Aby‡”Q‡ì welqe¯‘ ÔcÖevm eÜyÕ M‡íi welqe¯‘i bv, bv, bv, †kva n‡e bv|
AbyiƒcÓ g~j¨vqb Ki| 4 K. ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡m wewfbœ R‡bi †`qv eyavi bvg¸‡jv D‡jøL Ki| 1
4  KweZvsk-1 : L. Kx Kvi‡Y eyav gvwU KvUvi `‡j †hvM`vb K‡i? 2
Avwmqv‡Q aiv w`‡Z kZ †mœn eûcv‡k, M. Mv‡bi Ask-1 Gi mv‡_ eyav Pwi‡Îi mv`„k¨ e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
†eu‡a †dj AvR †M‡j Avi hw` bvwn Av‡m| N. ÒMv‡bi Ask-2 ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi GKwU we‡kl w`‡Ki Zvrch©
KweZvsk-2 : enb K‡iÓ g~j¨vqb Ki| 4
ZvivB gvbyl, ZvivB †èZv, Mvwn Zvnv‡`wi Mvb, N AskbvUK
Zv‡ìB e¨w_Z e‡ÿ cv †d‡j Av‡m be DÌvb| 10  KweZvsk-1 :
K. ÔD‡cwÿZ kw³i D‡ØvabÕ cÖe‡Ü DwjøwLZ ÔPÐvjÕ Kx? 1 †Kv†ª‡bv Kv‡j GKv nqwb‡Kv Rqx cyiæ‡li Zievwi
L. Z_vKw_Z †QvU‡jvK m¤úÖ`vq ¯^vaxbfv‡e KvR Ki‡Z cvi‡Q bv †Kb? 2 †cÖiYv w`qv‡Q, kw³ w`qv‡Q, weRq j²x bvix
M. †`LvI †h, KweZvsk-1 ÔD‡cwÿZ kw³i D‡ØvabÕ cÖe‡Ü DwjøwLZ KweZvsk-2 :
AwfRvZ ev f`ª m¤úÖ`v‡qi cÖwZ GKwU Dc‡`k| 3 cÂvbb‡K cvIqv †M‡Q A‡K w`‡bi †Luv‡R
N. ÒKweZvsk-2 ÔD‡cwÿZ kw³i D‡ØvabÕ cÖe‡Üi D‡cwÿZ I Ae‡nwjZ Rvb bv wK g¯Í Kzjxb I †h
gvby‡li kÖ‡gi cÖwZ m¤§vb cÖ`k©b K‡i‡QÓDw³wU h_v_©Zv wbiƒcY Ki| 4 mgv‡R †Zv DV‡Z n‡e †mUv wK †KD fv‡ev?
L AskKweZv I‡K Qvo‡j cvÎ †Kv_vq cve?
5  Mv‡bi Ask-1 : bxj AvKv‡ki wb‡P Avwg iv¯Ív P‡jwQ GKv, K. ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki †kl msjvcwU D‡jøL Ki| 1
GB mey‡Ri k¨vgj gvqvq `„wó c‡o‡Q XvKv| L. Òkvevk †g‡q ZzwgÓ †K, †Kb Dw³wU K‡i‡Qb? 2
Mv‡bi Ask-2 : Ggb †`kwU †Kv_vI Luy‡R cv‡e bv‡Kv Zzwg M. ÒewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki Zv‡niv KweZvsk-1 Gi weRq-j²x bvixÓ e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
mKj †`‡ki ivYx †m †h Avgvi Rš§f‚wg| N. ÒewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki Zv‡nivi gv I evevi g‡bvfveB KweZvsk-2 Gi
K. PZz`k©c`x KweZvi AóK (Octave) Kx? 1 welqe¯‘Ó Dw³wUi h_v_©Zv cÖwZcv`b Ki| 4
L. ÒAvi wK †n n‡e †`Lv?Ó Kwei G m‡›`‡ni KviY Kx? e¨vL¨v Ki| 2 11  ÔnvweevÕ Gevi Gm.Gm.wm cixÿvq A+ †c‡q cvm K‡i‡Q| Zvi evev Zv‡K we‡q
M. ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvq gay Kwei †Pv‡L ¯^‡`‡ki †h †mŠ›`h© aiv co‡Q w`‡Z PvB‡j nvweev Gi cÖwZev` K‡i| †m e‡j Avgvi GLbI 18 eQi c~Y©
Zv KweZvsk-1 Gi mv‡_ Zzjbv Ki| 3 nqwb| nvweevi evev †Rvi Ki‡j nvweev welqwU BDwc †Pqvig¨vb‡K Rvbvq|
N. ÒMv‡bi Ask-2 g~jZ ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvi welqe¯‘i mg_©KÓhyw³ †Pqvig¨vb G‡m we‡q eÜ K‡i †`b|
Øviv †Zvgvi gZvgZ cÖwZwôZ Ki| 4 †kvf‡bi eëmv‡q cÖPzi ÿwZ n‡q‡Q| G‡Z †m nZvk n‡q c‡o| Zvi eÜy mygb
6  i³ hLb w`‡qwQ, Av‡iv †è, G‡`k‡K gy³ K‡iB Qvoe, Bbkvjøvn| Gev‡ii GwM‡q Av‡m| e‡j, Zv‡Z Kx n‡q‡Q, Avwg †Zv‡K UvKv w`w”Q| eëmvq Avevi
ïiæ Ki| eëmv‡q jvf-†jvKmvb n‡eB, G‡Z †_‡g †M‡j Pj‡e bv|
msMÖvg Avgv‡ì gyw³i msMÖvg, Gev‡ii msMÖvg ¯^vaxbZvi msMÖvg| Rq evsjv| K. bvU‡Ki Dcv`vb¸‡jv D‡jøL Ki| 1
(e½eÜyi 7B gv‡P©i fvl‡Yi AvswkK) L. Zv‡niv †Kb we‡qi iv‡Z cvwj‡q hvq? 2
gv‡qi GKgvÎ mšÍvb kixd| XvKv wek¦we`¨v‡qi evsjv wefv‡Mi QvÎ| fvlvi M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g Aby‡”Q‡ì nvweevi mv‡_ ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki Zv‡nivi
`vwe‡Z wgwQj n‡”Q| kixd wgwQ‡j †hvM w`‡q‡Q| wgwQ‡j cywjk ¸wjel©Y K‡i‡Q| mvnwmKZvi Zzjbv Ki| 3
kixd‡K Avi Luy‡R cvIqv hvqwb| K‡qK w`b Av‡M gv‡K †m wPwV wj‡LwQj, kxNªB N. Ô†kvf‡bi eÜyi gv‡S ewncxi jywK‡q Av‡QÓ †Zvgvi DË‡ii c‡ÿ hyw³
evwo Avm‡e| †mB wPwV nv‡Z gv AvRI †Q‡ji c_ †P‡q e‡m Av‡Qb| `vI| 4
AwaK Abykxj‡bi
kxl©¯’vbxq ¯‹z‡ji wbe©vPwb cixÿvi gva¨‡g †miv
cÖkcœ Î I DËigvjv : eûwbe©vPwb cÖ¯‘wZ wbwðZ
Ki‡Z AviI
20 †dbx Mvj©m K¨v‡WU K‡jR
mgq : 30 wgwbU evsjv cÖ_g cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb : 30
1. Ôgi‡Yi K_v g‡b Ki‡j hy× Kiv hvq bvÕÑ  DÏxcKwU c‡o 11 I 12 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : 20. ÒK~cgÐ~K ÔAmshgxÕi AvL¨v w`qv‡Q hv‡i
Dw³wU Kvi? †cŠ‡li KvQvKvwQ †iv`gvLv †mB w`b Zvwi Z‡i fvB Mvb i‡P hvB, e›`bv Kwi Zv‡i|Ó
K eyavi L KzwšÍi wd‡i Avi Avm‡e wK KL‡bv? cO&w³Ø‡q ÔD‡cwÿZ kw³i D‡ØvabÕ
M dzjKwji N kvnveywÏ‡bi 11. ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvi †Kvb welqwU cÖe‡Üi †Kvb w`KwU dy‡U D‡V‡Q?
2. Ôwbwk›`vÕ A_© Kx? DÏxc‡K cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q? K myaxRb‡ì cÖwZ D®§v
K av‡bi gÄix L wbSzg ivZ K †`k‡cÖg L cÖK…wZ‡cÖg L D‡cwÿZ‡ì cÖwZ ggZv
M MÖvgxY GK ai‡bi MvQ M ¯§„wZKvZiZv N AvZ¥køvNv M f`ª m¤cÖ`v‡qi cÖwZ wa°vi
N †flR Jla 12. DÏxc‡Ki g~je³e¨ wb‡Pi †Kvb Pi‡Y N D‡cwÿZ‡ì m‡PZb Kivi cÖqvm
3. ggZvwì †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨ dz‡U D‡V‡Q? 21. bvU‡Ki cÖvY Kx?
i. kãnxb K mZZ, †n b`, Zzwg co †gvi g‡b K Kvwnwb L PwiÎ M msjvc N cwi‡ek
ii. wbwe©Kvi L mZZ †Zvgvi K_v fvwe G wei‡j 22. m‡Z¨›`ªbv_ `Ë KZ wLªóv‡ã ci‡jvKMgb K‡ib?
iii. Abyf~wZnxb M Ze KjK‡j RyovB G Kvb Avwg åvwšÍi Qj‡b K 1921 L 1922 M 1923 N 1924
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? N Avi wK †n n‡e †`Lv?Ñ hZ w`b hv‡e  DÏxcKwU c‡o 23 I 24 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
K i I ii L ii I iiiM i I iii N i, ii I iii 13. nhiZ gynv¤§` (m.) ivR‰bwZK `~i`wk©Zvi Kvq‡¯’i †Q‡j g„Zz¨Äq mvcy‡oi †g‡q
4. ÔAvqy †hb ˆkev‡ji bxiÕÑ Gi c‡ii PiY cwiPq w`‡qwQ‡jb wejvmx‡K we‡q K‡i| Zvi nv‡Z fvZ
†KvbwU? K û`vqweqvi mwÜ‡Z LvIqvi Aciv‡a MÖvgevmx Zv‡ì GKN‡i
K Ki hy× exh©evb hvq hv‡e hvK cÖvY L Lqe‡ii hy‡× K‡i AgvbweK wbh©vZb ïiæ K‡i|
L msmvi mgiv½‡b hy× Ki `„p c‡Y M g°vevmx‡K ÿgv Kivq 23. DÏxc‡Ki MÖvgevmxi AvPi‡Y ÔAfvMxi ¯^M©Õ
M gvbe-Rbg mvi, Ggb cv‡e bv Avi N Zv‡qdevmxi cÖwZ AvPi‡Y M‡íi †Kvb Pwi‡Îi êwkó¨ dz‡U D‡V‡Q?
14. †KvbwU ˆmq` gy R Zev Avjxi †jLv? K Ck¦i bvwcZ L fÆvPvh© gnvkq
N msmv‡i msmvix mvR, K‡iv wbZ¨ wbR KvR
K G‡j‡e‡j L cÖdzjø M VvKzi`vm gyLy‡h¨ N Aai ivq
5. ÔVvKz‡ii nuvwo †`LwP wk‡Kq D‡V‡PÕÑ
M cÖwZfvi †Ljv N gqyiKÉx 24. D³ êwkó¨wU n‡jvÑ
Dw³wU Kvi? K RvZ-‰elg¨ L mv¤cÖ`vwqK g‡bvfve
K fyeb gyLy‡hï L nwin‡ii
15. ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki Zv‡niv Pwi‡Î cÖKvk
†c‡q‡Q M ag©xq Kzms¯‹vi N AvwfRvZ¨
M †mR VvKiæ‡bi N ivav †evó‡gi
i. AbgbxqZv 25. Ô¯^fvlvi cÖwZ Kwei wQj AUzU I Acwimxg
6. Zv‡niv‡K mvnvh¨ Kivi e¨vcv‡i nv‡kg †cÖgÕÑ gšÍe¨wU †Kvb KweZvi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨?
ii. AwaKvi m‡PZbZv
Avjxi †Kvb †evawU cÖavb n‡q D‡V‡Q? K e½evYx L K‡cvZvÿ b`
iii. gvbweKZv
K gvbweKZv L mnvbyf~wZ M Avgvi cwiPq
M mngwg©Zv N wbf©xKZv N Avwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bB
K i I ii L ii I iiiM i I iii N i, ii I iii
7. AvaywbK Kg©bvkv †mªv‡Z Kx nvwi‡q hv‡”Q? 16. ÔgvbylÕ KweZvq †Pw½m Lvb‡K wK‡mi 26. eyav ivRvKvi KgvÛv‡ii evwo‡Z Av¸b †`q
K Qov L cÖev` K e¨w³¯^v_© PwiZv_© Ki‡Z
cÖZxK fvev n‡q‡Q?
M DcK_v N cwjøMvb K aŸs‡mi L cÖwZev‡ì L Ab¨v‡qi cÖwZev` Ki‡Z
8. ÔAvwZ¥K g„Zz¨Õ ej‡Z †jLK Kx eywS‡q‡Qb? M Kj¨v‡Yi N ÿgZvi M cÖwZwnsmvq AÜ n‡q
i. ˆbwZK AatcZb 17. Rxebvb›` `v‡ki gv KzmygKzgvix `vk Kx N kÎæi cÖwZ cÖwZ‡kva wb‡Z
ii. g~j¨‡ev‡ai Aeÿq wQ‡jb? 27. †KvbwU Kwe RmxgD`&`xb iwPZ Kve¨MÖš’ bq?
iii. A¯^vfvweK g„Zz¨ K cwjøKwe L Kweqvj K GK cqmvi euvwk L gvwUi Kvbœv
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M MxwZKwe N ¯^fveKwe M P‡j gymvwdi N †mvRbevw`qvi NvU
K i I ii L ii I iiiM i I iii N i, ii I iii 18. Rvnvbviv Bgvg iægx‡K euvPv‡bvi Rb¨ gvwm© 28. cÖg_ †PŠayixi QÙbvg Kx?
9. Ôb`xi Z‡j Luy‡R †`L| Avgv‡K wR‡Ám wcwUkb K‡ibwb †Kb? K †fv‡ii cvwL L ebdzj
Ki †Kb? Avwg wK I‡ì MvwR©qvb?ÕÑ G K iægxi cÖwZ †Õ²nkxjZvi Kvi‡Y M hvhvei N exiej
K_vq cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q eyavi L iægx‡K euvPv‡bv hv‡e bv e‡j 29. Ôcqjv êkvL‡K G Ae¯’v †_‡K D×vi Kiv
K `~i`wk©Zv L †Lqvwjcbv M iægxi AvZ¥hg©v`v iÿvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbÕ †jLK GLv‡b †Kvb Ae¯’vi
M AÁZv N †KŠkj N iægxi cÖwZ K‡VviZvi Kvi‡Y K_v e‡j‡Qb?
10. wmKvb`vi Avey Rvdi iwPZ †Kvb MvbwU 19. ÔAvgv‡iv wQj g‡b, †Kg‡b †eUv †c‡i‡Q K ey‡R©vqv wejvm I d¨vkb
¯^vaxbZvKvgx evOvwj RvwZ‡K we‡klfv‡e †mUv Rvb‡ZÕÑ gš¿xi G K_vq cÖKvk cvqÑ L †gwK Avb›` Av‡qvRb
AbycÖvwYZ K‡i? i. KZ©„Z¡ cÖwZôvi †Póv M Abvo¤î D`hvcb N mv¤cÖ`vwqK wb‡®úY
K AvgviB †`k me gvby‡li ii. wbe©yw×Zv 30. ÔAvgvi cwiPqÕ KweZvq ÔexRgš¿Õ ej‡Z
L †Zvgvi g„Zz¨ RvwM‡q w`j gvby‡li we‡eK iii. AšÍ¨R †kªwYi cÖwZ KUvÿ Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q?
M Avgv‡ì msMÖvg Pj‡eB Pj‡e wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K M~p mZ¨ ePb L †cÖÿvcU
N Avwg `vg w`‡q wK‡bwQ evsjv K i I ii L ii I iiiM i I iii N i, ii I iii M AšÍwb©wnZ Zvrch© N g~j †cÖiYv
1 KLMN 2 KLMN 3 KLMN 4 KLMN 5 KLMN 6 KLMN 7 KLMN 8 KLMN 9 KLMN 10 KLMN
Self test
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 L 2 M 3 N 4 L 5 L 6 L 7 M 8 K 9 N 10 M 11 M 12 K 13 K 14 N 15 N
16 K 17 N 18 M 19 M 20 L 21 M 22 L 23 N 24 K 25 K 26 N 27 M 28 N 29 K 30 N
21 gqgbwmsn Mvj©m K¨v‡WU K‡jR

mgq : 30 wgwbU evsjv cÖ_g cÎ
eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb : 30
1. evsjvG`Gk R¯ÃMÉnY KGi hviv evsjv fvlvGK ¯‹zj-K‡j‡Ri Dci ¯’vb 21. †Uwbm‡bi wis AvDU `¨v Iì I
12. jvB‡eªwi‡K
N†Yv KGi ZvGì mÁ·GKÆ Kwei AwfgZ Kx? †Ìqvi KviY iex›`ªbv‡_i G‡mv †n êkvL G `y‡qi
K Zv‡ì Rš§ cwiPq wVK Kiv hvq bv K weÁvb PP©vi Rb¨ g‡a¨ wgj †Kv_vq?
L Zviv gvbyl bv‡gi cwiPq `v‡bi A‡hvM¨ L ¯^wkwÿZ nevi my‡hvM cvIqv K GKwU Ab¨wUi Abyev`
M Zviv AK…ZÁZviB cwiPq †`q M ag©xq PP©vi Rb¨ L `y‡UvB evsjv beel©‡K D‡Ïk¨ K‡i
N Zviv bxP I nxb Rxebhvcb K‡i N cixÿvq fv‡jv djvdj bv Kiv M KweZv `y‡Uv g‡b Avb‡›ì mÂvi K‡i
2. ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvi g~j myi Kx? 13. Mv‡q Zvi KZ bv Qwe AuvKv, P‚ovq Zvnvi N KweZv `y‡Uvi g~jfve GKB
K cÖK…wZ‡cÖg L ¯§„wZKvZiZv 22. cÉvGYi ˆPGq gb eo Av`kÆwU cÉwZdjb ˆ`Lv
KZ bv jZvcZv Rov‡bv Kvi?
M wbmM©‡cÖg N Mfxi Avb›` hvq Rvnvbviv BgvGgi ˆKvb KvGRi gaÅ w`Gq?
K gyLy‡h¨ M„nKÎ©xi L i‡_i
3. gvbe Rxe‡bi D‡Ïk¨ K Rvgx‡K ¯‹z‡j h‡Z bv †Ìqvq
i. wg_¨v myL Kvgbv M k¥kv‡bi N KvQvKvwQ evwoi
14. wK¯§ nvq! ‰ KvGRi RbÅ ˆÕ¼œQvGmeK `j KB? L hy‡×i mgq wbR cvov †Q‡o bv hvIqvq
ii. RM‡Zi Kj¨vY M iæwg‡K D×v‡ii Rb¨ gvwm© wcwUkb bv Kivq
iii. gvb‡ei Kj¨vY güÁÃ` knx`yÍÏvni ‰ nZvkv `yi nGZ cvGi KxfvGe?
N kixd mv‡n‡ei KzjLvwbi Av‡qvRb Kivq
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K †¯^”Qv‡meK `j MVb K‡i
23. Rxe‡bi c~Yv© eqe bq LÐvsk, Rxe‡bi
L mfv-mwgwZ‡Z h_vh_ Dc¯’vcb K‡i
K i I ii L ii I iiiM i I iii N i, ii I iii GKwU we‡kl gyn~Z© †Kv‡bv we‡kl
M †dvK‡jvi †mvmvBwU ¯’vcb K‡i
4. iex±`Ðbv^ VvKzGii ˆKvb KveÅMÉ¯© ˆ^GK ‘RyZv cwi‡e‡ki g‡a¨, ¯^ímsL¨K Pwi‡Îi
AvweÓ•vi’ KweZvwU msKjb Kiv nGqGQ? N RbmvaviY‡K m‡PZb K‡i
gva¨‡g Gi cwiYwZ N‡U| GLv‡b
K gvbmx L †mvbvi Zix 15. Acyi wU‡bi ev·wU cÖK…Zc‡ÿ mvwn‡Zï †Kvb kvLvi cwiPq dz‡U D‡V‡Q?
M Kíbv N wPÎv i. Zvi m¤úwËi mgv‡ek K KweZv L †QvUMí
5. wMwii wng jjvU Nvgj †Kb? ii. †Ljvi mvgMÖxi ¯’vb M Dcb¨vm N bvUK
K cv_‡ii MwZkxjZvq L Sibvi D™¢‡e iii. wkïg‡bi GKvšÍ Kíbv
M bv‡Pi Drm‡e N fq cvIqvq
24. †jL‡Ki RM`‡ji w`b Avb›`gq nevi
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? cÖavb KviY
6. gvV ¯Íä n‡e bv, KviY K i I iii L ii I iii M i I iii N iii K †mLv‡b eo †Ljvi gvV wQj
K mevB wg‡j mRxe ivL‡e 16. Avwg ivRv bB, mgªvU bB, gvby‡li cÖfz
L bZzbfv‡e cwiPh©v Ki‡e L †e½j UvBMvi-Gi AvbyMZ¨
bB| Avwg GgbB GK bvixi mšÍvb, M R½‡ji cÖvK…wZK †mŠ›`h©
M †Kv‡bv `y‡h©v‡Mi m¤¢vebv †bB
N engvbZv wUwK‡q ivL‡e
mvaviY ï®‹ gvsmB wQj hvi wbZ¨Kvi N ¯‹z‡ji hš¿Yv †_‡K gyw³
7. cÉwZGekxi Auvavi NGi R¾vjGZ cvGi AvGjv Avnvh©| G e³‡e¨ nhiZ gyn¤§` (m.)-Gi 25. nv‡Zg Avwji Rwg`vix i‡q‡Q
‰LvGb AvGjv ejGZ Kx êvSvGbv nGqGQ? Pwi‡Îi dz‡U IVv w`KwU n‡jv K Kvwkgcy‡i L †ikgcy‡i
K cvi¯úwiK m¤úÖxwZ i. wbinsKvi M †mvbvcy‡i N eveycyiv
L wec‡` mvnvh¨ Kiv ii. wePÿbZv  DóxcKwU cGo 26 I 27 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI :
M G‡K A‡bï †LuvR †bIqv iii. mZ¨wbôv ˆØZ kvmbeë¯’v e¨_© n‡j 1793 mv‡j jW©
N KvD‡K Zz”Q bv fvev wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? Kb©Iqvwjm wPi¯’vqx e‡›`ve¯Í cÖeZ©b K‡ib|
 DóxcKwU cGo 8 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI : K i I iii L ii I iii M i I ii N i, ii I iii GB cÖ_vq wbw`©ó w`‡b Rwg`vi‡K mÜ¨vi c~‡e©
wicf¨vb DBsKj `xN© wek eQi ci Muv‡q17. AvR Avgv‡ì GZ AatcZ‡bi KviY Kx? evrmwiK Ki cwi‡kva Ki‡Z n‡Zv| Ab¨_vq
wd‡i G‡j Zv‡K †KD wPb‡Z cv‡iwb| K †gnbwZ gvby‡li cÖwZ Ae‡njv ciw`bB Rwg`vwi wbjv‡g DVZ|
mevB Zvi w`‡K DrmyK `„wó‡Z ZvwK‡q L MYRvMi‡Yi Afve 26. DÏxc‡K ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki †h welqwU
_v‡K| Ae‡k‡l Zvi ¯^Rb Ug G‡j me M ¯^cœiv‡R¨ wePiY mv`„k¨c~Y© Zv n‡jv
ksKvi Aemvb N‡U| N e¨w³‡K cÖvavb¨ †Ìqv K evj¨weevn L mvÜ¨ AvBb
8. DÏxc‡Ki U‡gi mv‡_ ÔAvwg †Kv‡bv 18. AvwZ¥K g„Zz¨ ej‡Z †jLK Kx eywS‡q‡Qb? M cx‡ii cÖfve N ¯^vaxb Rxeb‡PZbv
AvMš‘K bBÕ KweZvi mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q i. ¯^vfvweK g„Zz¨ 27. DÏxc‡Ki welqe¯‘ ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki †Kvb
i. Rwgjvi gvi ii. ˆbwZK AatcZb Pwi‡Îi mv‡_ m½wZc~Y?©
ii. K`g Avjxi iii. g~j¨‡ev‡ai Aeÿq K †Lv‡`Rv L nv‡Zg Avwj
iii. A‡eva evj‡Ki wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M ewncxi N Zv‡niv
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I iii L ii I iii M i, ii I iii N i I ii 28. nwiKvKzi Rv‡i cÖPzi gvQ DV‡j wZwb
K i I ii L ii I iiiM i I iii N i, ii I iii eyav‡K Kx e‡j m‡¤^vab K‡ib?
19. Avõyi ingvbGK ˆjLK bi`vbe eGjGQb ˆKb?
9. ÔAvgvi cwiPqÕ KweZvq b`xi msL¨v KZ? K †LvKvevey L †mvbvevev
K AvPi‡Yi Rb¨
K 1200 L 1400 M gvwbKiZb N †MveivRv
M 1300 N 1500 L kvixwiK MV‡bi Rb¨
M †ewk ivbœvi Rb¨
29. wb‡Ri †evSv wb‡R eB‡ev| eyavi G e³‡e¨
10. ‘mvnmx Rbbx evsjv’ KweZvq bxjKgGjiv Kviv? dz‡U I‡V
K cÖnixiv L mvnmxiv N †ewk LvIqvi Rb¨
K Kg©`ÿZv L kvixwiK mÿgZv
M n„`qevb e¨w³MY N gyw³‡hv×vMY 20. ggZvwì m‡½ †Q‡jwUi K‡_vcK_b
M AvZ¥wek¦vm N †`k‡cÖg
11. evYxK‡Éi ï®‹ K‡cv‡j AkÖæ Mwo‡q g~jëvb ejvi KviY 30. †`k ¯^vaxb n‡j eyav‡K wb‡q kvnveywÏ‡bi
c‡owQj †Kb? i. K_vi †fZi g~jëvb welq wQj
cwiKíbv Kx?
K evYxK‡Éi †Pv‡Li AmyL wQj ii. K_vi †fZ‡i †mœn jywK‡q wQj K hy×iZ †Q‡jwUi bvbv fw½i Qwe AuvKv
L Rwg`v‡ii Kv‡Q AcgvwbZ n‡q iii. K_vq eÜyZ¡c~Y© Av‡eM jywK‡q wQj L KvKZvo–qv evbv‡bv
M †evev †g‡qwUi fwel¨r †f‡e wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M wb‡Ri mvg‡b e‡m nvmv‡bv
N evYxK‡Éi ¯¿x KwVb †iv‡M AvµvšÍ n‡qwQjK i I iii L ii I iiiM i I iii N i, ii I iii N eyav‡K nZ¨v Kiv
Self test
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1 K 2 L 3 L 4 M 5 L 6 N 7 L 8 K 9 M 10 N 11 M 12 L 13 L 14 M 15 M
16 K 17 K 18 L 19 L 20 L 21 N 22 M 23 L 24 N 25 L 26 L 27 L 28 M 29 M 30 K
64  wmwi‡Ri SSC MEGA Bank : Interactive Virtual CD
22 RqcyinvU Mvj©m K¨v‡WU K‡jR

1. ÔivZ †kl n‡q m~h© DV‡e K‡eÕÑ GLv‡b 11. DÏxc‡Ki gv I ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvq gv  DÏxcKwU c‡o 21 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
ÔivZÕ kãwU †Kvb A‡_© eëüZ n‡q‡Q? Df‡qi g‡a¨ dy‡U D‡V‡Q Avigvb mv‡n‡ei †Q‡j `xß cÖK…Z wkÿv
K `yt‡Li cÖni L Auvavi i. gvZ…mËvi cÖK…Z mZ¨ AR©b Ki‡Z PvB‡jI Zvi eëmvqx evevi
M ivwÎ N A¯úóZv ii. ¯^v‡_©i evovevwo B”Qv †Kv‡bviK‡g GKwU mvwU©wd‡KU wb‡q
2. Ô†Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨, †n ¯^vaxbZvÕ iii. mšÍv‡bi cÖkvwšÍ evevi eëmv †`Lvïbv Kiv|
KweZvq Kvi dzmdzm GLb †cvKvi `L‡j? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 21. DÏxc‡Ki `xßi gvbwmKZvi mv‡_ Ôwkÿv
K mMxi Avjxi L iæ¯Íg †k‡Li K i I ii L ii I iiiM i I iii N i, ii I iii I gbyl¨Z¡Õ cÖe‡Üi mv`„k¨c~Y© w`K n‡jvÑ
M gZje wgqvi N †Kó`v‡mi 12. †Kvb MÖš’ †_‡K ÔggZvw`Õ MíwU msKjb K AbœwPšÍv †_‡K gyw³ †c‡Z Pvq
 DÏxcKwU c‡o 3 I 4 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : Kiv n‡q‡Q? L gvbemËvi N‡i DbœxZ n‡Z Pvq
kwdK wgqv gyw³‡hv×v‡ì‡K wewfbœfv‡e K Rbbx L mixm„c M evB‡ii RMr‡K Rvb‡Z Pvq
mn‡hvwMZv K‡i| GKw`b ivRvKvi Av‡kK M wPý N mniZjx N Rxeb m¤ú‡K© m‡PZb n‡Z Pvq
Avjx kwdK‡K a‡i cvK-†mbv‡ì K¨v‡¤ú 13. ÔRxeb-m½xZÕ KweZvq Kwe gvbeRxeb‡K 22. ÔAvwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bBÕ KweZvq Kwei
wb‡q hvq| wKš‘ kwdK g„Zz¨f‡q †gv‡UB e„_v ej‡Z Pvbwb; KviY mvg‡b Kx?
fxZ nq bv| i. gvbeRxe‡bi mvdj¨ K k~b¨ Luv Luv ivbœvNi L miæ c_
3. DÏxc‡K Av‡kK Avjx ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ ii. gvbeRxeb Zvrch©gq M av‡bi †ÿZ N ayay b`xi wKbvi
Dcb¨v‡m †Kvb PwiÎ‡K g‡b Kwi‡q †`q? iii. gvby‡li A‡bK `vwqZ¡ i‡q‡Q 23. †Kvb Dcb¨v‡mi Rb¨ wef~wZf~lY iex›`ª-
K Avnv` gywÝ L dRy wgqv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? cyi¯‹v‡i f~wlZ nb?
M KzÏym N Rqbvj K i I ii L ii I iiiM i I iii N i, ii I iii K c‡_i cuvPvjx L AcivwRZ
4. DÏxc‡Ki kwdK I Dcb¨v‡mi eyavi g‡a¨ 14. Kwd nvD‡mi †mB AvÇvUv AvR Avi †bB, M AviY¨K N BQvgwZ
cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q †Kv_vq nvwi‡q †Mj †mvbvwj we‡Kj¸‡jv 24. †mwjbv †nv‡mb wcZv-gvZvi KZZg mšÍvb?
i. †`kvZ¥‡eva K Z…Zxq L PZz_© M cÂg N lô
†mB, AvR Avi †bB| DÏxc‡K ÔK‡cvZvÿÕ
ii. mvnwmKZv 25. ÔMvwn mv‡gï Mvb
b` KweZvi †Kvb w`KwU cÖwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q? †hLv‡b Avwmqv GK n‡q †M‡Q me evav eëavb
iii. cÖwZ‡kva¯ú„nv K †`k‡cÖg L ¯§„wZKvZiZv
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? †hLv‡b wg‡k‡Q wn›`y-†eŠ×-gymwjg-
M †Õ²nKvZiZv N Agi‡Z¡i AvKv•ÿv wµðvb- Ôcqjv êkvLÕ cÖe‡Üi mv‡_
K i I ii L ii I iiiM i I iii N i, ii I iii
15. †Pv‡Li R‡j fvm‡Z fvm‡Z AvwgI Dc‡ii KweZvskwUi wgj i‡q‡Q
5. Ô¯^vaxbZv, GB kãwU Kxfv‡e Avgv‡ì n‡jvÕ kix‡di gZ‡K mg_©b K‡iwQÕ GLv‡b
KweZvq jvjmvjy †eu‡a †mw`b Kviv G‡mwQj? i. ag©wbi‡cÿZvq
†Kvb g‡Zi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q? ii. RvZxqZv‡ev‡a
K K…lK L QvÎ M kªwgK N gRyi
K iægx‡K †`L‡Z bv hvIqv iii. mve©RbxbZvq
6. Ph©vc‡ì cvÐywjwc †Kv_v †_‡K D×vi Kiv
L gvwm© wcwUkb bv Kiv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
n‡qwQj?
M kvwšÍbM‡i hvIqv K i I ii L ii I iiiM i I iii N i, ii I iii
K evsjv‡`k L †bcvj
N Rvgxi ¯‹z‡j hvIqv 26. ÒAvcbvi bvg ewncxi n‡jv Kx K‡iÓÑ G
M fviZ N kªxjsKv
7. Ô†mBw`b GB gvVÕ KweZvi g~jfve Kx? 16. †Q‡ji Rxeb iÿv Ki‡jI †jL‡Ki evev Dw³ Kvi?
K gvbe mf¨Zvi cwiYwZ KzKziwU‡K †g‡i †dj‡jb| KviY K †Lv‡`Rv wewei L nv‡kg Avwji
L cÖvK…wZK †mŠ›`h© bk¦i i. Kz K i
z wUi Kó jvNe Ki‡Z †P‡qwQ‡jb M Zv‡nivi N nv‡Zg Avwji
M RxevZ¥v inm¨gq ii. KzKziwUi `y`©kv mB‡Z cviwQ‡jb bv 27. myfv weavZvi Kv‡Q A‡jŠwKK ÿgZv cÖv_©bv
N cÖvK…wZK †mŠ›`h© wPi¯’vqx iii. AwZ wbôzi cÖK…wZi †jvK wQ‡jb Ki‡Zv
8. ÔAvgv‡iv wQj g‡b wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? i. cÖZv‡ci g‡bv‡hvM AvKl©‡Yi Rb¨
†Kg‡b †eUv †c‡i‡Q †mUv Rvb‡ZÕÑ Kx K i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii ii. gv‡qi weiw³ `~i Kivi Rb¨
Rvb‡Z †c‡i‡Q? 17. Ôawi gvQ, bv QyB cvwbÕ GwU Kx? iii. evKkw³ wd‡i cvIqvi Rb¨
K Svo– w`‡q ayjv `~i Kiv K Lbvi ePb L cÖ e v` wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
L c„w_ex‡K Pvgov w`‡q gywo‡q †`qv M Qov N †Ljvi RMr K i I ii L ii I iiiM i I iii N i, ii I iii
M cvwb w`‡q ayjv `~i Kiv 18. Ônhi‡Zi g„Zzï K_v cÖPvwiZ nB‡j 28. Ô8g †kªwYi QvÎx iv‡eqvi we‡q wVK n‡j MÖv‡gi
N Pvgov w`‡q PiY †X‡K †djv gw`bvq †hb Auvavi NbvBqv AvwmjÕÑ gvZei mv‡ne Gi †Nvi we‡ivwaZv K‡ib Ges
GLv‡b ÔAu v avi NbvBqv AvwmjÕ K_vwU Øviv e‡jb, Ôevj¨ weevn AvB‡bi cwicš’x|ÓÑ
9. ÔSY©vi MvbÕ KweZvq ewY©Z ÔdwUK RjÕ Kx? GLv‡b gvZei mv‡n‡ei gvbwmKZvq ÔewncxiÕ
K cvwb L cvwL M cix N b`x Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q?
K ivwÎ n‡q hvIqv L wec` Nwbqv Avmv
bvU‡Ki †Kvb Pwi‡Îi wgj cvIqv hvq?
 DÏxcKwU c‡o 10 I 11 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : K nv‡Zi Avwj L nwKKzjøvn
`yiv‡ivM¨ e¨vwa‡Z AvµvšÍ dwi‡ì Ae¯’v M †kvK wenŸj nBqv cov
M ewncxi N nv‡kg Avwj
fv‡jv bq| Wv³vi e‡j‡Qb, dwi` Avi †ewk N `y‡h©vM †b‡g Avmv
29. ebdzj mvwnZ¨ A½‡b cÖ‡ek K‡ibÑ
w`b euvP‡e bv| dwi` Zvi gv‡K e‡j fv‡jv 19. mvwn‡Zï cÖavb jÿY †KvbwU? K 1917 mv‡j L 1918 mv‡j
n‡q †Lj‡Z †M‡j wb‡la †hb bv K‡i| G K m„RbkxjZv L †mŠ›`h© m„wó M 1919 mv‡j N 1920 mv‡j
K_v ï‡b gv‡qi †Pv‡L ïayB AkÖæ S‡i| M Avb›` `vb N bv›`wbKZv 30. Z_vKw_Z †QvU‡jvK m¤cÖ`v‡qi gvbyl
10. dwi‡ì K_vq ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvq †LvKvi 20. AvcdMvwb¯Ív‡bi wiwjd g¨v‡ci †Pnvivi AwaKvi fy‡j hvIqvi KviY Kx?
†Kvb g‡bvfvewU cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q? m‡½ mv`„k¨ wQj Kvi? K wb‡R‡ì AÁvbZv
K †Õ²‡ni AvKzjZv L †eqvovcbv K Aa¨ÿ wRiv‡ii L †jL‡Ki L f`ª mgv‡Ri AZ¨vPvi
M Ab¨vq Ave`vi N gvZ…fw³ M UvOvIqvjvi N Ave`yi ingv‡bi M mvgvwRK wek„•Ljv N A_©‰bwZK êlg¨
Self test
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1 K 2 L 3 M 4 N 5 M 6 L 7 N 8 N 9 L 10 M 11 M 12 L 13 L 14 L 15 L
16 K 17 L 18 M 19 K 20 N 21 L 22 N 23 N 24 L 25 M 26 N 27 K 28 N 29 L 30 L
23 †gvnv¤§`cyi wcÖcv‡iUwi ¯‹zj GÛ K‡jR, XvKv

1. Ô†mBw`b GB gvVÕ KweZvi †gŠwjK †cÖiYv 12. mviv w`‡bi cwikÖ‡g hviv GKwU w`‡bi 21. DÏxcKwU †Kvb iPbvi m‡½ mv`„k¨c~Y©?
ej‡Z Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? Avnvi cvq bv, Zey Zv‡ì g‡b Kx †bB? K mvnmx Rbbx evsjv
K cÖK…wZi inm¨gq †mŠ›`h© K `ytL L D”PvKv•ÿv L Avgvi cwiPq
L cÖK…wZi iƒc-im-MÜ M `yivkv-Møvwb N †jvf M †Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨, †n ¯^vaxbZv
M mf¨Zv wejxb n‡q hvIqv 13. Ô†Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨, †n ¯^vaxZvÕ N Avwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bB
N c„w_exi engvbZv KweZvq Dc¯’vcb Kiv n‡q‡Q 22. D³ iPbvq Kx cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q?
2. cÖg_ †PŠayix ÔeB covÕ cÖe‡Ü †Kvb K ¯^‡`k‡cÖg L ¯^vaxbZvi ¯îƒc i. mvgëv`
gZv`‡k©i cÖwZ ¸iæZ¡ w`‡q‡Qb? M †`k‡cÖ‡gi ¯îƒc N civaxbZvi †e`bv ii. AZxZ HwZn¨
K Avgv‡ì †`‡ki fzj wkÿv c×wZi e¨vL¨v  DÏxcKwU c‡o 14 I 15 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : iii. evOvwji Rš§K_v
L mbvZb c×wZ‡Z wkÿvi cÖwZ c~Y© mg_©b kÖxDjv BDwbq‡bi †Pqvig¨vb wn‡m‡e wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M cvðvZ¨ wkÿv c×wZi cÖPviYv kvwKj Avn‡g‡ì †ek mybvg i‡q‡Q| Zvi K i I ii L i I iii
N AwaK msL¨K jvB‡eªwi ¯’vcb Kv‡Q A_©weË bv _vK‡jI ˆbwZKZvB wQj M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
3. Ôgvbyl gyn¤§` (m)Õ cÖe‡Ü DwjøwLZ Ômygnvb me‡P‡q eo m¤^j| 23. Ôi³KiexÕ †Kvb ai‡bi iPbv?
cÖwZ‡kvaÕ Øviv nhi‡Zi Pwi‡Îi †Kvb 14. DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki †Kvb K bvUK L Dcb¨vm
w`KwU cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q? Pwi‡Îi mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q? M †QvUMí N cÖeÜ
K cÖwZ‡kva ¯ú„nv L Zz”QZv‡eva K nwKKzjøvni L ewncx‡ii 24. †KvbwU Kwe Ave`yj nvwKg iwPZ Kve¨MÖš’
M ÿgvkxjZv N D`viZv M nv‡kg Avwji N nv‡Zg Avwji bq?
4. ÔwbqwZÕ M‡í †Kvb †iv‡Mi D‡jøL Av‡Q? 15. Kx Kvi‡Y D³ PwiÎwU GKwU D¾¡j PwiÎ? K BDmyd †Rv‡jLv L b~ibvgv
K Wvqwiqv L g¨v‡jwiqv i. gvbweK g~j¨‡evam¤úbœ M gniig kixd N mqdzjgyjyK
M RwÛm N K¨vÝvi ii. AvZ¥wbgMœ‡ev‡a RvMÖZ 25. evsjv bee‡l©i HwZn¨ †KvbwUi m‡½
5. Ômvnmx Rbbx evsjvÕ KweZvq iƒcK A‡_© iii. D”P gvbweK †PZbv m¤úbœ mv`„k¨c~Y?©
eën„Z n‡q‡Q †Kvb K_vwU? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K ag©xq HwZn¨ L †MŠiegwÐZ
K N„Yvi KvZz©R K i I ii L i I iii M Avb›`vbyf‚wZ N DrmegyLiZv
L A Av K L eY©gvjv M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 26. nwini `kNivq †h‡Z ivwR n‡jv bv †Kb?
M KweZvi nv‡Z ivB‡dj 16. Kwenxb wegyL cÖvšÍiGLv‡b ÔcÖvšÍiÕ ej‡Z K A‡_©i Kvi‡Y
N Gevi ev‡Ni _vev Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? L AvZ¥m¤§v‡bi Kvi‡Y
6. Zv‡niv‡K we‡q Kivi KZ eQi Av‡M K evsjv‡`k M `yM©vi Kvi‡Y
ewncx‡ii cÖ_g ¯¿xi g„Zz¨ nq? L cvwK¯Ívb N wcZ…wfUv Qvo‡Z bv PvIqvq
K 14 L 15 M †im‡Kvm© gq`vb
M 16 N 17  DÏxcKwU c‡o 27 I 28 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
N †mvnivIqv`©x D`¨vb
evOvwj †hw`b HKë× n‡q ej‡Z cvi‡e
 DÏxcKwU c‡o 7 I 8 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : 17. RmxgD`&`x‡bi †Kvb Kve¨MÖš’wU wewfbœ
ÔevOvwji evsjvÕ †mw`b Zviv Amva¨ mvab
†MÖ‡bW D‡V‡Q nv‡Z KweZvi nv‡Z ivB‡dj fvlvq Ab~w`Z n‡q‡Q?
Ki‡e|
Gevi ev‡Ni _vev †fvR n‡e cÖwZ‡kv‡a K bKmx Kuv_vi gvV
7. DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi L gvwUi Kvbœv
27. DÏxc‡Ki evOvwji Amva¨ mvab Kivi
mv`„k¨ †Kv_vq? M GK cqmvi euvwk
†ÿ‡Î †KvbwU cÖ‡hvR¨?
i. HKë×Zv
K N„Yvq L j¾vq N †mvRb evw`qvi NvU
ii. ag©-eY© we‡f` `~i
M cÖwZ‡kv‡a N cÖwZ‡iv‡a 18. ivbv‡ii `ytL †Kej †K Rvb‡e?
K c‡_i †jvK L c‡_i ayjv iii. K‡Vvi cwikÖg
8. DÏxc‡K dz‡U IVv fve wb‡Pi †KvbwUi
mv‡_ mv`„k¨c~Y?© M c‡_i Z…Y N c‡_i e„ÿ
K ¯^‡`‡ki Rb¨ AvZ¥Z¨vM 19. eo‡ì Rb¨ †mwjbv †nv‡m‡bi cÖKvwkZ K i I ii L i I iii
L gyw³‡hv×v‡ì kw³kvjx Avµg‡Y M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
Dcb¨v‡mi msL¨v KqwU?
M nvbv`vi evwnbxi wbg©g nZ¨vKvÐ 28. ÔD‡cwÿZ kw³i D‡ØvabÕ cÖeÜ Abymv‡i
K cuwPk L †ZwÎk
N ¯^Rbnviv gyw³‡hv×vi AmnvqZ¡ wb‡Pi †KvbwU‡Z DÏxc‡Ki ¯îƒc dz‡U
M cuqwÎk N Pwjøk
9. myfv †Kv_vq e‡m _vKZ? D‡V‡Q?
20. †dvK‡jvi K_vwUi D™¢veK †K? K evOvwji RvMiY L K‡Vvi cwikÖg
K eUZjvq L †ZuZzjZjvq K `wÿYviÄb wgÎ L DBwjqvg _gm
M AvgZjvq N RvgZjvq M GKZv N †`k‡cÖg
M gbmyi eqvwZ N gyn¤§` knx`yjøvn 29. †Mwijv ZrciZv ej‡Z Kx †evSvq?
10. wf‡±vwiqv AvjevU© AuvZvZ n‡qwQj
†Kv_vq?  DÏxcKwU c‡o 21 I 22 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : K AvKw¯§K nvgjv
K hy³iv‡óª L Bsj¨v‡Û gnvZ¥v MvÜx fviZxq Dcgnv‡`‡ki L K‚U‡KŠkj aviY Kiv
M Rvg©vwb‡Z N Kz‡q‡Z gvbyl‡K weªwUk miKv‡ii weiæ‡× HKë× M kÎæ‡ì nvgjv
11. †K Pvgvi‡K k~‡j weu‡a KvivMv‡i AvU‡K K‡iwQ‡jb| wZwb bvbvfv‡e Zv‡ì g‡a¨ N Rw½ nvgjv
ivL‡Z ejj? †`k‡cÖg RvMÖZ K‡ib| cieZ©x‡Z bvbv 30. ÔAf¨vMZÕ kãwU Øviv Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q?
K ney L Miæ we‡`ªv‡ni ga¨ w`‡q Rš§ nq ¯^vaxb K wbgwš¿Z AwZw_ L gymvwdi
M gš¿x N Ávbx¸Yx evsjv‡`‡ki| M †gRevb N wfb‡`wk cw_K
Self test
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1 K 2 N 3 M 4 L 5 M 6 K 7 M 8 L 9 L 10 L 11 M 12 M 13 M 14 N 15 N
16 K 17 K 18 M 19 L 20 L 21 L 22 N 23 K 24 M 25 L 26 L 27 K 28 M 29 K 30 K
24 Mfb©‡g›U j¨ve‡iUix nvB ¯‹zj, gqgbwmsn

1. Ôwb‡gi nvIqv fv‡jv, _vK, †K‡Uv bvÕ †K 11. Rvnvbviv Bgvg Rš§MÖnY K‡ib KZ mv‡j? 21. Ô†Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨, †n ¯^vaxbZvÕ
e‡j? K 1910 L 1913 KweZvq †gNbv b`xi `ÿ gvwS †K?
K bZzb †jvK L Kwe M 1920 N 1923 K iæ¯Íg †kL L †Kó `vm
M KweivR N weÁiv 12. cÖvPxb fviZe‡l© iwPZ gnvKve¨ †KvbwU? M mMxi Avjx N gZje wgqv
2. `yM©v AuvP‡ji LuyU Ly‡j wK‡mi wewP †ei K e„Îmsnvi L ivgvqY 22. Ômevi Dc‡i gvbyl mZ¨, Zvnvi Dc‡i
K‡iwQj? M †gNbvèa N †hvMv‡hvM bvBÕ GwU n‡jv evOvwji
K bvUv d‡ji L êuwP d‡ji 13. ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvq Ô†mœ‡ni Z…òvÕ K †PZbv L HwZn¨
M iov d‡ji N †ZjvKzPvi K_vwU‡Z cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q Kwei
M g~jgš¿ N exRgš¿
3. ÔeB covÕ cÖe‡Ü ¸iæ‡K DËimvaK ejv i. ¯§„wZKvZiZv
n‡q‡Q, KviY ¸iæ ii. ¯^vRvZ¨‡eva
23. †Kv_vq ¯^ cœ wb‡q ga¨weËiv †im‡Kvm©
K wk‡lï AvZ¥v‡K D‡ØvwaZ K‡ib iii. ¯^‡`k‡cÖg gq`v‡b G‡mwQj?
L wkl¨‡K wkÿv`vb K‡ib wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K n„`‡q L †PZbvq
M wk‡lï Ávb e„w× K‡ib Ki L ii M i I ii N i I iii M jjv‡U N †Pv‡L
N wkl¨‡K cov gyL‡¯’i ZvwM` †`b 14. Kwe †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq Kx †`‡L fwel¨r 24. †KvbwU mvnmx Rbbx evsjvi ey‡K Pvcv Av‡Q?
4. iwmK †ejMvQwU Kx Kv‡R eënvi Ki‡Z wbf©i n‡Z wb‡la K‡i‡Qb? K gnv cÖwZ‡iva
†P‡qwQj? K evn¨`„k¨ L g‡bvnvi g~wZ© L g„‡Zi Av¸b
K AfvMxi ke`vn L Nievwo ˆZwi M AZxZ my‡Li w`b N msmvi mgiv½b M N„Yvi KvZz©R
M ivbœvi KvV msMÖn N KvOvjxi Rb¨ 15. Kvjvcvnvo Kx K‡i‡Qb? N ev‡Ni _vev
5. AvaywbK wkÿvi Kg©bvkv †mÖv‡Zi AZj K gw›ì wbg©vY L gmwR` wbg©vY
M †èvjq wbg©vY N †èvjq aŸsm  DÏxcKwU c‡o 25 I 26 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
M‡f© Zwj‡q hv‡”Q Kx?
K DcK_v L cÖev`
16. j²x‡cu P v Zvi j²xwUi Z‡i Kx Ki‡e? MÖ v‡g WvKv‡Zi Dc`ªe †e‡o †M‡j
K bvP‡e L nvm‡e AwaKvsk MÖvgevmx MÖvg †Q‡o cvwj‡q †h‡Z
M Qov N cwjøMvb
M Mvb MvB‡e N Awfbq Ki‡e _v‡K| wKš‘ wek¦we`¨vjq co–qv ivwKe MÖvg
6. ÔggZvw`Õ M‡í ¯‹zjco–qv †Q‡jwUi Kv‡Q
Rxebg‡qi MwjUv †Kgb wQj?  DÏxcKwU c‡o 17 I 18 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : †Q‡o †h‡Z Pvq bv| †m e‡j, MÖvgUv
K ¯^M©cyix L †cÖZcyix _¨v‡jv‡mwgqvq AvµvšÍ evey‡K cÖwZgv‡m Avgvi| GLvb †_‡K Avwg GK cv-I boe
M hgvjq N wcÎvjqZzj¨ 2-3 e¨vM i³ w`‡Z nq| Wv³v‡ii g‡Z,
bv|
 DÏxcKwU c‡o 7 I 8 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : eveyi Avi †ewkw`b †bB| evey gv‡K e‡j
fv‡jv n‡q †Lj‡Z †M‡j gv †hb wb‡la bv 25. DÏxc‡Ki ivwK‡ei mv‡_ ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ
†h †gv‡i w`‡q‡Q we‡l fiv evY Dcb¨v‡mi mv`„k¨c~Y© PwiÎ †KvbwU?
Avwg †`B Zv‡i eyK fiv Mvb, K‡i| gvÕi †Pv‡L ïayB AkÖæ|
17. eveyi AvKv•ÿv †Kvb Pi‡Yi mv‡_ †g‡j? K dzjKwj L gwZDi
KuvUv †c‡q Zv‡i dzj Kwi `vb M eyav N Kzw¯Í
K wkq‡i ewmqv g‡b g‡b gvZv MwY‡Q
mvivwU Rbg fi|
†Q‡ji Avqy 26. Dwjø w LZ Pwi‡Î Lu y ‡R cvIqv hvq
7. Dw³¸‡jv gnvbwe (m)-Gi Rxe‡bi †h
L evjvB evjvB, fv‡jv n‡e hv`y g‡b g‡b gvbweKZv
NUbv¸‡jv ¯§iY Kwi‡q †`q Zv n‡jv i.
i. Zv‡qdevmx‡K ÿgv
Rvj †ev‡b ii. †`kvZ¥‡eva
M Kwi‡gi mv‡_ †Lwjev‡i †M‡j w`‡e
ii. gnvbwe (m) Gi mygnvb cÖwZ‡kva iii. Amxg mvnm
iii. gnvbwe (m) Gi Pwi‡Îi mnR ¯^”Q cÖKvk bvZ Zzwg Mvj
N †QvULvU KZ evqbv †Q‡ji cv‡i bvB
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii
K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii wgUvevi
18. cwjø R bbxi mšÍ v b I evey `y RbB M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
8. nhiZ gyn¤§` (m) eo Avì Ki‡Zb i. Avkvev`x
i. `ye©j‡ì‡K 27. Kvi Ku v ‡a gv_v †i‡L wZby Nywg‡q †hZ?
ii. ev¯Íeev`x K weby L wkjy
ii. `ytLx‡ì‡K
iii. KíbvcÖeY
iii. AÜ‡ì‡K M Zv‡je N eyav
K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 28. ÔGgb So KL‡bv †`wLwbÕ Dw³wU Kvi?
K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K †Lv‡`Rvi L ewncx‡ii
9. Ôey‡R©vqv wejvmÕ ej‡Z †Kvb †kÖwYi 19. ivbv‡ii Rxe‡b `ytL †K Rvb‡e?
gvby‡li kL †evSvq? K Z… Y L c_ M Zv‡nivi N nv‡k‡gi
K wb¤œweË L ga¨weË M eb N ivZ 29. bvU‡Ki cÖvY Kx?
M D”PweË N wb¤œga¨weË 20. ÔAvgvi kix‡i †j‡M Av‡Q, GB wmœ» gvwUi K Kvwnwb L msjvc
10. gvby‡li gyw³i Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb myevmÕ GB cO&w³‡Z cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q Kwei M PwiÎ N cwi‡ek
i. Abœe‡¯¿i wPšÍvnxbZv i. †`k‡cÖ‡gi MfxiZv
ii. ay‡jvevwji m‡½ mL¨Zv
30. Ôey w S Zey †hb ey w S bvÕ Dw³wU‡Z cÖKvk
ii. gy³g‡bi m½x
iii. gbyl¨Z¡‡eva iii. Rš§f‚wgi m‡½ GKvZ¥Zv †c‡q‡Q nv‡Zg Avwji
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K wbeyw© ×Zv L AmnvqZ¡
K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M KcUZv N `y‡e©va¨Zv
Self test
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1 N 2 M 3 K 4 K 5 K 6 M 7 K 8 N 9 L 10 L 11 N 12 L 13 N 14 L 15 N
16 M 17 M 18 L 19 K 20 N 21 N 22 N 23 N 24 L 25 M 26 M 27 N 28 N 29 L 30 L
25 we›`yevwmbx miKvwi evjK D”P we`¨vjq, Uv½vBj

1. ÔnvwejvlÕ k‡ãi A_© Kx? 13. DÏxc‡Ki Avey Beªvnx‡gi mv‡_ mv`„k¨c~Y© 23. ÔZvnviv Zvnv‡ì bZzb Rxe‡bi c‡_
K cÖej B”Qv L ¸Yvewj PwiÎwU n‡jv hvB‡Z‡QÕ Dw³wUi Kvi?
M giwg mvabv N fvM¨ K gwZDi L KzÏym K nv‡Zg Avwji L †Lv‡`Rvi
2. †jLK ûgvq~b Avn‡g‡ì evev RM`‡j M Avnv` gywÝ N eyav M cxi mv‡n‡ei N nwKKzjøvni
Kuv‡a e›`yK wb‡q †eiæ‡Zb †Kb? 14. Giƒc mv`„‡kï KviY n‡jv 24. Ômxgvnxb K_vi AvL¨vbÕ †Kvb ev‡K¨ cÖKvwkZ?
K KzKz‡ii f‡q L ev‡Ni f‡q K cÖwZ‡kva ¯ú„nv L m‡PZbZv K Pg©‡iv‡Mi Ae¨_© g‡nŠla
M wkKvi Ki‡Z N WvKv‡Zi f‡q M Zxeª Av‡eM
3. Ôey‡K Pvcv g„‡Zi Av¸bÕ Kvi? L evwoi cv‡k MRv‡j weÁiv Lywk nb
N hy‡× mdj AskMÖnY M I‡ì evwoi M„nKg© wbcyYv j²x eDUvi
K †f‡Zv evOvwji L Abvh© RvwZi
15. Ave`yi ingvb cwi‡ewkZ KqwU eiwd wVK GK `kv
M Le©‡`n evOvwji N mvnmx Rbbx evsjvi
AvOzi †jLK †L‡qwQ‡jb? N evn& Kx my›ì cvZv¸wj
4. ÒMícvV †kl K‡iI cvVK Kvwnwbi mgvwß
K †MvU Q‡qK L †MvUv cuv‡PK
†Luv‡R e³e¨wU aviY K‡i †h cO&w³ 25. Ô`yB †ejv c~‡Y©vì AvnviI huvnvi fv‡M¨
M †MvUv mv‡ZK N †MvUv Av‡óK
K NUbvi NbNUv nq bvBÕ GLv‡b Kvi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q?
L AšÍ‡i AZ…wß i‡e 16. ÔKvOvjx Avi cÖv_©bv Kwij bvÕ †Kb?
K nhiZ Av‡qkv wmwÏKv
M †QvU cÖvY †QvU e¨_v K gv‡K gvwU Pvcv w`‡e e‡j
L nhiZ gyn¤§` (m.)
N bvwn ZË¡, bvwn Dc‡`k L wbZvšÍ nZvk n‡qwQj e‡j
M wbg©g ev¯Í‡ei AwfÁZv n‡qwQj e‡j M nhiZ Avey eKi (iv.)
5. KLb Avm‡e Kwe? GLv‡b ÔKweÕ ej‡Z
N Zvi Avi Kv‡Vi cÖ ‡qvRb †bB e‡j N nhiZ Igi (iv.)
Kv‡K †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q?
K gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë  DÏxcKwU c‡o 17 I 18 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :  DÏxcKwU c‡o 26 I 27 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
L wbg©‡j›`y ¸Y evwo‡Z bv Rvwb‡q †bvqve Avjx †Pqvig¨vb hZw`b hvq, `y‡f©vM Zvi ZZB evwoqv hvq,
M †kL gywReyi ingvb †e`Lj m¤úwË wdwi‡q Avb‡Z gvgjv K‡ib| Rxeb cÖ`xc wbwfqv Avwm‡Q A¯Í iwei cÖvq|
N iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi gvgjvi LiP †RvMv‡bi Rb¨ wec_ Aej¤^b 26. Dc‡ii DÏxc‡Ki cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q
6. ÔG‡mwQ evOvwj Rqbyj Avi Aeb VvKzi †_‡K Ki‡Z wM‡q †kl ch©šÍ wb‡R‡K mvg‡j †bb| ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvi
G PiY evOvwji †Kvb welqwU wb‡`©k K‡i? 17. DÏxc‡Ki †bvqve Avjxi mv‡_ ÔewncxiÕ K mšÍv‡bi gyg~l©y Ae¯’v
K msMxZ L wPÎKjv bvU‡Ki †h PwiÎwU mv`„k¨c~Y © L AK…wÎg gvZ…‡mœn
M b„Z¨Kjv N bvU¨Kjv K nv‡kg Avwj L nv‡Zg Avwj M Av‡ivM¨ jv‡fi AvKzwZ
7. ivbvi m‡e‡M wK‡mi g‡Zv hvq? M nwKKzjøvn N Zv‡niv N †ivMgyw³i AvKzwZ
K wPZvi g‡Zv L nwi‡Yi g‡Zv 18. êwk‡óï Kvi‡Y Dfq PwiÎ mv`„k¨c~Y©
M Rvnv‡Ri g‡Zv N †RvbvwKi g‡Zv 27. DÏxc‡K dz‡U IVv fvewU ÔcwjøRbbxÕ
i. KwVb Rxeb cixÿvi m¤§yLxb
8. Ôcwoj XvKv m~h©Õ ÔRyZv Avwe®‹viÕ KweZvi †h Pi‡Y we`¨gvb Zv n‡jv
ii. cx‡ii cÖZviYvi wkKvi
KweZvq m~h© wK‡m XvKv c‡owQj? K N‡ii Pv‡j‡Z ûZzg WvwK‡Q AKj¨v‡Yi myi
iii. wec‡ì gy‡LI ˆbwZKZv eRvq ivLv
K ayjvq L Kzqvkvq wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? gi‡Yi `~Z G‡jv eywS nvq, nuv‡K gvq, `~i-`~i|
M Kv`v R‡j N ayjvi †g‡N K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii L bvgv‡Ri N‡i †gvgevwZ gv‡b, ìMvq gv‡b `vb,
9. ÔwZwb 17B AvM÷, 2006 mv‡j g„ZzëiY 19. wmivRD‡ÏŠjv †klev‡ii g‡Zv jovB Kivi †Q‡j‡i Zvnvi fv‡jv K‡i `vI Kuv‡` Rbbxi cÖvY|
K‡ibÕ| †K wZwb? Rb¨ WvK w`‡qwQ‡jb wn›`y-gymjgvb M cv‡k¦© R¡wjqv gvwUi cÖ`xc evZv‡m Rgvq †Lj
K Kvgvj †PŠayix L ˆmq` kvgmyj nK Dfq‡K-Dw³wU wb‡`©k K‡i Auvav‡ii mv‡_ hywSqv Zvnvi dzwi‡q G‡m‡Q †Zj|
M kvgmyi ivngvb N iwdK AvRv` K evsjv‡`wk RvZxqZv L Amv¤úÖ`vwqKZv N gv †Kej ewm iæMY& †Q‡ji gyL cv‡b AuvwL †g‡j,
10. Kwe ÔêVvq jvO‡jÕ nvZ ivL‡Z e‡j‡Qb †Kb? M evOvwj RvZxqZv N mvgëvw`Zv
K cik Abyfe Kivi Rb¨
fvmv fvmv Zvi hZ K_v †hb mviv cÖvY w`qv †M‡j|
20. Rvnvbviv Bgv‡gi ÔGKvË‡ii w`b¸wjÕ Kx 28. Ôc„w_exi GBme Mí †eu‡P i‡e wPiKvjÕ
L kc_ †bIqvi Rb¨ ai‡bi mvwnZ¨?
M Aw¯ÍZ¡ cÖgvY Kivi Rb¨ ej‡Z Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q?
K Dcb¨vm L w`bcwÄag©x iPbv
N Kwe‡K Lyu‡R cvIqvi Rb¨ K wf‡R MÜ L †Kvjvnj
M gyw³hy×wfwËK Dcb¨vm
11. wmKvb&`vi Avey Rvd‡ii ÔAvkvÕ KweZvwU M cÖK…wZi AdzišÍK †mŠw›`h©
N cÖeÜ
Kwei †Kvb Kve¨MÖš’ n‡Z †bIqv n‡q‡Q? 21. ÔggZvw`Õ M‡í ggZvw` Pwi‡Î cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q N b`xZx‡ii Rxeb
K cÖmbœ kni L êix e„wó‡Z i. AvZ¥gh©v`v‡eva 29. ÔfÏi †jv‡KivB n‡q c‡o‡Q nvfvZ
M e„wðK jMœ N gvbe †KŠwkK ii. `vwqZ¡kxjZv †hvfvZÕ nvfvZ I †hvfvZ ej‡Z Kx
12. Ô†QvU wRwb‡mi †gv‡n eo wRwbm nviv‡Z †h iii. †mœnevrmj¨ †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q?
`ytL †eva K‡i bv| †m wb‡Pi †KvbwU bq? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K Afve-AbUb L `ytL-`y`©kv
K gvbyl L wkwÿZ M ¯^vaxb N cÖvYx Ki L i I ii M i, ii I iii N i I iii M mxgvnxb Kó N †ivM-†kvK
 DÏxcKwU c‡o 13 I 14 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : 22. Zv‡nivi j¾v-kig †bB GK_v ejv n‡q‡Q †Kb?
7 gv‡P©i fvlY ï‡b M‡R© I‡V K‡jR co– 30. ÔZz w g Avgv‡K nvm‡Z gvbv K‡iv bvÕ eyav
K cicyiæ‡li mv‡_ K_v e‡j‡Q
qv Avey Beªvwng| Suvwc‡q c‡o gyw³hy‡×| L cxi mv‡ne‡K †g‡b †bqwb
G K_v Kv‡K e‡j‡Q?
Zuvi †bZ…‡Z¡ G‡Ki ci GK †Mwijv M cvwj‡q G‡m‡Q K wgVz L Avwj
Avµg‡Y AwZô cvK †mbviv| N cxi mv‡n‡ei m‡½ ZK© K‡i‡Q M kvnveywÏb N dzjKwj
Self test
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1 K 2 L 3 N 4 L 5 M 6 L 7 L 8 N 9 M 10 K 11 N 12 L 13 N 14 N 15 N
16 M 17 L 18 L 19 L 20 L 21 M 22 M 23 M 24 M 25 L 26 K 27 M 28 M 29 K 30 M
26 biwms`x miKvwi evwjKv D”P we`¨vjq

1. myfvwlYx bvgwU †K †i‡LwQj? 10. DÏxcK I cÖe‡Üi g‡a¨ fveMZ HK¨ n‡jv- 20. ivbv‡ii Kv‡Q c„w_exUv ÔKv‡jv †auvqvÕ g‡b
K wcZv L gvZv i. mZëvw`Zvq nq †Kb?
M †evb N fvB ii. mvgëvw`Zvq K †gNv”Qbœ _vKvq
2. cÖg_ †PŠayixi mvwnwZ¨K QÙbvg †KvbwU? iii. Amv¤úÖ`vwqKZvq L Afv‡ei Zvobvq
K wc. †PŠayix L cÙf‚lY wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M m~h© bv IVvq
M exiej N exiwmsn Ki L ii N KjKviLvbvi Kvi‡Y
3. Ôme e¨vUviB GLb evgyb-Kv‡qZ n‡Z PvqÕ M i I ii N ii I iii 21. Kwe kvgmyi ivngvb †Kvb †kÖwYi Kwe
AfvMxi ¯^M©Õ M‡í G e³‡e¨ †Kvb fve 11. Ômxgvi gv‡S AmxgÕ- K_vwU mvwn‡Zï wQ‡jb?
dz‡U D‡V‡Q? †Kvb iƒ‡ci mv‡_ †ewk m½wZc~Y?© K cwjøKwe L bvMwiK Kwe
K weiw³ L †µva K bvUK L gnvKve¨ M gnvKwe N we‡`ªvnx Kwe
M †ÿvf N we`ªæc M Dcb¨vm N †QvUMí 22. ÿzwìvg fzjekZ KqRb Bs‡iR gwnjv‡K
4. Folklore Society Kx? 12. Ôe½evYxÕ KweZvwU Kwe Ave`yj nvwK‡gi nZ¨v K‡ib?
K weØvb‡ì mfv †Kvb Kve¨MÖš’ †_‡K msKjb Kiv n‡q‡Q? K 2 Rb L 3 Rb
L DbœZ mgvR K †Rv‡jLv L jvjgwZ
M 4 Rb N 5 Rb
M cyi‡bv mgvR M b~ibvgv
23. Rbmg~‡`ªi †Rvqvi †R‡MwQj †Kv_vq?
N Kvievjv I knibvgv
N AvaywbK mf¨ mgvR K cv‡K©
5. Ôgv NvU †_‡K Av‡mwb †Zv?Õ `yM©vi G K_vq 13. Aó‡K Kx _v‡K?
L †im‡Kvm© D`¨v‡b
K g~jfve L fv‡ei iƒc‡iLv
cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q - M Rv`yN‡i
M fv‡ei cÖeZ©bv N fv‡ei cwiYwZ
K mZK©Zv L Awfgvb N dm‡ji gv‡V
14. Ô †mB c_ jÿ¨ K‡iÕ GLv‡b †Kvb c‡_i
M m‡›`n N fq 24. ÔwbqwZÕ M‡í †jL‡Ki Kq fvB-†evb wQj?
K_v ejv n‡q‡Q?
6. ÔwbgMvQÕ M‡í ÔwkKoÕ Kx A‡_© eën„Z n‡q‡Q? K2 L3
K c~e©cyiæl‡ì L exi †hv×v‡ì
K c‡ivcKvi M4 N5
M gnvÁvbx‡ì N ag©xq †bZv‡ì
L `vwqZ¡kxjZv 25. ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡K me©‡kl msjvc Kvi?
15. bMi En¨ n‡jv †Kb?
M mvsmvwiK eÜb K ewncwi L Zv‡niv
K S‡Ui †Pv‡U L ivRvi f‡q
N Aw¯ÍZ¡ M †Lv‡`Rv N nv‡mg
M Kwei f‡q N gš¿xi f‡q
7. wkÿvi Avmj KvR †KvbwU? 26. ÔAvgvi gv_vi Ici nVvr †hb AvKvk †f‡½
16. Pjvi c‡_ SY©v Kvi †evj mv‡a?
K Ávb cwi‡ekb c‡o‡QÕ-ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡K Dw³wU Kvi?
K wUqvi L P‡Kv‡ii
L g~j¨‡eva m„wó K Zv‡niv L †Lv‡`Rv
M eyjeywji N kvwj‡Ki
M DcvR©bÿg Kiv M nv‡kg Avwj N nv‡Zg Avwj
17. ÔgvbylÕ KweZvq wkÿYxq w`K †KvbwU?
N ms¯‹…wZgbv Kiv 27. Zv‡nivi mv‡_ ewncx‡ii we‡q Kx ev‡i?
K mZZvi ¸iæZ¡ Dcjwä
8. ˆmq` gyRZev Avjx KZ mv‡j Rš§MÖnY K‡ib? K kwbev‡i L †mvgev‡i
L ag©xq Ávb jvf
K 1904 mv‡j L 1910 mv‡j M g½jev‡i N ïµev‡i
M cia‡g©i cÖwZ kÖ×vkxj nIqv
M 1914 mv‡j N 1920 mv‡j 28. †K ey a v‡K ÔQbœ Q vovÕ bv‡g Wv‡K?
N gvbyl‡K mvnvh¨ Kiv
 DÏxcKwU c‡o 9 I 10 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : 18. mv‡ai ¯^cœ Kx iKg? K †bvjK eyqv L nwiKvKz
ÒMvwn mv‡gï Mvb- K gayi L †ivgvÂKi M AvZvdz c y N nv‡kg wgqv
gvby‡li †P‡q eo wKQy bvB, b‡n wKQy gnxqvb|Ó M †mvbvi N `y¨wZgq 29. kvnvey w Ïb Kx‡mi Qwe AvuK‡e?
9. DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ †Zvgvi cwVZ †Kvb 19. ÔAvwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bBÕ KweZvq ÔLi K hy‡×i L evsjv‡`‡ki
cÖe‡Üi wgj Luy‡R cvI? †iŠ`ª RjR evZvmÕ-ejvi KviY Kx? M mvnmx †Q‡ji N gyw³‡hv×vi
K wbixn evOvwj K cÖPÐ †iv‡` evZvm eq e‡j 30. †K eyav‡K fxZzi wWg e‡j‡Qb?
L wkÿv I gbyl¨Z¡ L †iŠ`ªZv‡c cÖevwnZ evZv‡m Rjxq ev®ú _vKvq K KzwšÍ L dzjKwj
M cqjv êkvL M †iŠ‡`ª evZvm cÖevwnZ nq bv e‡j M ivwb N †bvjK eyqv
N D‡cwÿZ kw³i D‡Øvab N MÖv‡gi evZvm R‡j c~Y© _v‡K e‡j *[we.`ª : mwVK DËi : eyav ivwb‡K e‡jwQj]
Self test
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 K 2 M 3 N 4 K 5 K 6 M 7 L 8 K 9 N 10 N 11 N 12 M 13 M 14 M 15 K
16 M 17 N 18 M 19 L 20 L 21 L 22 K 23 L 24 L 25 K 26 N 27 N 28 K 29 M 30 *
27 weqvg j¨ve‡iUwi ¯‹zj GÛ K‡jR, e¸ov

 DÏxcKwU c‡o 1 I 2 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : 12. eyav †Kv_vq Ae¯’vb K‡i †mbvevwnbx‡K 20. DÏxc‡Ki m‡½ †Kvb KweZvi mv`„k¨ Av‡Q?
Avgv‡ì ¯^vaxbZv msMÖv‡g wPi¯§iYxq n‡q †`LwQj? K Avgvi cwiPq L Rxeb-m½xZ
Av‡Qb gv÷vi`v m~h©‡mb| wZwb 1930 mv‡j K Mv‡Qi Avov‡j L avb‡L‡Z M K‡cvZvÿ b` N gvbyl
PÆMÖv‡gi A¯¿vMvi jyU K‡i weªwUk kvmb M evwoi Qv‡` N cvU‡L‡Z 21. DÏxc‡K KweZvi †Kvb w`KwU dz‡U D‡V‡Q?
eë¯’v‡K Kuvwc‡q Zz‡jwQ‡jb| G‡Z weªwUk  DÏxcKwU c‡o 13 I 14 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : i. gvbeRxe‡b g„Zz¨f‡qi †Kv‡bv ¯’vb †bB
miKvi Zuv‡K duvwm‡Z Szwj‡q g„Zz¨`Ð †`q| ii. Rxebhy‡× g„Zz¨ AwbwðZ
Avgvi †`‡ki gvwU‡Z †gkv‡bv Avgvi cÖv‡Yi iii. hy×‡ÿ‡Î cÖvYc‡Y hy× Kiv DwPZ
1. DÏxcKwU‡Z ÔGKvË‡ii w`b¸wjÕ iPbvi
NªvY †MŠiegq Rxe‡bi m¤§vb| wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
†Kvb Pwi‡Îi Avfvm cvIqv hvq?
13. DÏxcK I ÔAvwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bBÕ Ki L ii M i I iii N i, ii I iii
K Rvgx L iægx
M Kwig N Kw_Kv
KweZvq wb‡Pi †Kvb welqwU dz ‡U D‡V‡Q? 22. ÔAvgvi cwiPqÕ KweZvq Kwe G‡m‡Qb
K †`‡ki mv‡_ GKvZ¥Zv †Rvo evsjvi
2. D³ Pwi‡Î †h êwkó¨wU we`¨gvb
L †`‡ki †mŠ›`‡h© gy»Zv K gw›ì †ew` †_‡K L †mvbv gmwR`
i. msMÖvgx †PZbv
M †`‡ki gvby‡li cÖwZ fv‡jvevmv M †eŠ×wenvi N Kgjvi w`wN
ii. aŸsmvZ¥K †PZbv
iii. ¯^vwaKvi †PZbv N mvaviY gvby ‡ li cÖ w Z ggZ¡  DÏxcKwU c‡o 23 I 24 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 14. DÏxc‡Ki fvewU ÔAvwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘ K gvZ… n xbv ggZv eo n‡q‡Q Avjøvnfxiæ
bBÕ KweZvi †Kvb Q‡K dz ‡U D‡V‡Q? cx‡ii f³ wcZvi ZË¡veav‡b| cÖwZev‡ì
Ki L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
i. †`‡Lv gvwU‡Z Avgvi MÜ fvlv †m Rv‡b bv| e„× weevwnZ †`‡LI †m
3. g~j¨‡eva m„wói Dcvq n‡jv
i. Ávb cwi‡ekb ii. Avgvi kix‡i †j‡M Av‡Q GB wmœ»
gyL ey‡R me †g‡b wb‡q‡Q|
gvwUi myevm 23. DÏxc‡Ki ggZvi ga¨ w`‡q ÔewncxiÕ
ii. PwiÎ wVK Kiv
bvU‡K Kvi K_v †evSv hvq?
iii. wkwÿZ nIqv iii. mvg‡b ïay b`xi wKbvi Avgvi Aw¯Í‡Z¡
K †Lv‡`Rv L Zv‡niv
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? Muv_v
M nwKKzjøvn N nv‡kg Avwj
Ki L ii M i I iii N i, ii I iii wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
4. ÔAfvMxi ¯^M©Õ M‡íi KZ©vi bvg Kx? 24. DÏxc‡Ki ggZvi m‡½ ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki
Ki L ii M i I ii N i I iii
K Aai ivq L ivqevnv`yi
Zv‡nivi wgj cvIqv hvq
15. Ô†mBw`b GB gvVÕ KweZvq PvjZvdz‡ji
M AbšÍ ivq N VvKzi`vm i. Zv‡niv gvZ…nxb
MÜ †Kgb?
5. cÖg_ †PŠayixi g‡Z we`¨vi mvabvq ¸iæi ii. weevwnZ GK e„‡×i mv‡_ Zv‡nivi
K †fRv L big
Ae¯’vb n‡jv we‡q n‡q‡Q
M †muv`v N wgwó
K ¸iæZ¡c~Y© L DËimvaK iii. Zv‡niv mvnmx I cÖwZev`x
M A_©nxb N mevi E‡aŸ©
16. gnvKve¨‡K GK K_vq Kx ejv hvq?
6. Ôgvbyl gyn¤§` (m.)Õ cÖe‡Ü †Kvb fvlvixwZ K Kvwnwb KweZv
Ki L ii M i I ii N i I iii
eënvi Kiv n‡q‡Q? L ivRKxq Kvwnwb KweZv
25. Sibvi cvwb wK‡mi is a‡i?
K mvay fvlv L PwjZ fvlv M `xN© Kvwnwb KweZv
K Wv‡ji wPwbi L WvjwPwbi
M Dcfvlv N wgkÖ fvlv N HwZnvwmK KweZv
M wPwbi N Kvjmvi
7. ÔebdzjÕ Kx Dcvwa jvf K‡ib? 17. Ôe³vi fv‡ev”Q¡v‡mi cwiùzUb gvÎ hvnvi
K bvBU L exiej D‡Ïk¨, †mB Kve¨B MxwZKve¨Õ Dw³wU 26. gv‡qi gvbZ Kivi gva¨‡g dz‡U D‡V‡Q
M cÙf‚lY N fviZMe© K‡ib †K? K gvbZvixwZ L fv‡jvevmv
8. ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvq Kwe ivRv wn‡m‡e K nvqvr gvgy` M Av‡eM N ag©xq fvev‡eM
AvL¨vwqZ K‡i‡Qb L ew¼gP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq 27. †K ey a v‡K gy w ³i K_v e‡j ¯^vaxb gvbyl
K †`‡ki kvmbKZ©v‡K L mvMi‡K nIqvi ¯^cœ w`‡q‡Q?
M gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë
M K‡cvZvÿ b`‡K N mvMiùvwo MÖvg‡K K †bvjK eyqv L nv‡kg wgqv
N iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi
9. Kwe fRbvj‡qi Øvi fvO‡Z AvnŸvb K‡i‡Qb M PvwP N nwiKvKz
i. †Pw½m Lvb‡K 18. wZb fvB-†evb †Kv_vq e‡m Mv‡q †iv` gv‡L?
K D‡Vv‡bi Nv‡m L N‡ii eviv›`vq 28. cxi mv‡ne Kx Pvj †P‡j‡Qb?
ii. MRwbi myjZvb gvngy`‡K
M gw›`‡ii PvZv‡j N êVKLvbvq K Q°v Pvj L wKw¯Ígvr Kiv Pvj
iii. Kvjvcvnvo‡K
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 19. ivbv‡ii Kv‡Q c„w_exUv ÔKv‡jv †auvqvÕ g‡b M Mov Pvj N †`v°v Pvj
Ki L ii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii nq †Kb? 29. ÔMZvmy Õ k‡ãi A_© Kx?
10. ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvq †Kvb cvwLi WvK‡K K Afv‡ei Zvobvq L †gNv”Qbœ _vKvq K g„Z L N„Z
AKj¨vY ejv n‡q‡Q? M m~h© bv IVvq N KjKviLvbvi Kvi‡Y M nRg N wM‡j †djv
K WvûK L Kvbv Kz‡qv 30. wef‚ w Zf‚ l Y e‡›`¨vcva¨vq KZ mv‡j
M ev`yo N ûZzg
 DÏxcKwU c‡o 20 I 21 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
hviv Rxe‡bi cmiv ewnqv g„Zzï Øv‡i Øv‡i Rš§MÖ n Y K‡ib?
11. ivRvKvi wQj †K? K 1891 mv‡j L 1894 mv‡j
K wgjb L KzÏym Kwi‡Z‡Q wdwi, fxg iYf‚wg cÖvY evwR
M 1895 mv‡j N 1915 mv‡j
M wmwÏK N wgVz †i‡L nv‡i|Ó
Self test
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1 L 2 L 3 N 4 K 5 L 6 K 7 M 8 L 9 N 10 N 11 L 12 L 13 K 14 M 15 L
16 M 17 L 18 M 19 K 20 L 21 M 22 K 23 L 24 M 25 L 26 N 27 M 28 L 29 K 30 L
28 Bÿz M‡elYv D”P we`¨vjq, cvebv

1. myfv gyw³i Avb›` cvq Kvi Kv‡Q? 10. cqjv êkvL D`hvc‡bi gva¨‡g Avgv‡ì  DÏxcKwU c‡o 20 I 21 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
K me©kx I cv½ywj †Kvb †PZbvi gwngv e„w× cv‡e? kvevk, evsjv‡`k, G c„w_ex AevK ZvwK‡q iq,
L cÖZvc K ivR‰bwZK †PZbv R¡‡j cy‡o g‡i QviLvi, Zey gv_v †bvqvevi bq|
M iæ`ª gnvKvk L ag©xq †PZbv 20. DÏxc‡Ki g‡bvfv‡ei mv‡_ mv`„k¨c~Y©
N wbe©vK cÖK…wZ M ag©wbi‡cÿ †PZbv iPbv †KvbwU?
2. ÔI Avgv‡ì `y‡ji N‡i Rš§v‡j †Kb|Õ  N A_©‰bwZK †PZbv K †Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨, †n ¯^vaxbZv
Dw³wU †K e‡jwQj? 11. ¯^vaxb evsjv †eZvi †K‡›`ª Ômv‡jn Avng`Õ L ¯^vaxbZv, G kãwU Kxfv‡e Avgv‡ì n‡jv
K wew›ì wcwm L bvc‡Z †eŠw` QÙbv‡g †K Lei co‡Zb? M mvnmx Rbbx evsjv
M iwmK evN N ivLv‡ji gv K Avjx hv‡Ki L nvmvb Bgvg N Rxeb-m½xZ
3. ÔcwjømvwnZ¨Õ cÖe‡Ü †hme †`‡ki bvg M AvjgMxi Kwei N Kvgiæj nvmvb 21. D³ mv`„‡kï wfwË evOvwji
12. g½jKve¨‡K Dcb¨vm ejv hvq bv, KviY i. mvnwmKZv
D‡jøL Av‡Q
i. Q‡›` iwPZ ZvB ii. msMÖvgx †PZbv
i. †b`vij¨vÛ
ii. M`¨fvlvq wjwLZ bq e‡j iii. †`k‡cÖg
ii. wmsnj
iii. ga¨hy‡M iwPZ nIqvq wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
iii. wj‡_vwbqv K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 22. 7B gvP© †im‡Kvm© gq`v‡b nv‡Zi gy‡Vvq
K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii g„Zz¨ wb‡q Kviv G‡mwQj?
13. Kwe Ave`yj nvwKg †Kvb kZ‡Ki Kwe?
4. ÔDj½ ZievwiÕ ej‡Z †jLK eywS‡q‡Qb K cÂ`k L lô`k K Dj½ K…lK L KiæY †Kivwb
K †Lvjv Zievwi M mß`k N Aó`k M †jvnvi kÖ w gK N we‡`ªvnx †kÖvZv
L Lvchy³ Zievwi 14. Ôg‡š¿i mvab wKsev kixi cvZbÕ 23. MYm~‡h©i gÂ Kuvwc‡q Agi KweZvLvwb
M weivU Zievwi GB cÖev`wUi g~jfv‡ei cÖwZdjb Av‡Q †kvbv‡jb
N gwYLwPZ Zievwi †Kvb Pi‡Y? i. ivRbxwZi Kwe
5. ÔGKSuvK bÿÎ †b‡g G‡m‡Q †hb bxj K msmv‡i-mgiv½‡b hy× Ki `„pc‡Y ii. ¯^vaxbZvi gnvbvqK
AvKvk †_‡K meyR mvq‡iÕ GLv‡b L Ki hy× exh©evb, hvq hv‡e hvK cÖvY iii. evsjv‡`‡ki ¯’cwZ
ÔbÿÎÕ ej‡Z †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q M msKí K‡iQ hvnv, mvab Kin Zvnv
K wbgMv‡Qi KwP cvZv¸‡jv‡K K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
N K‡iv bv gvbeMY, e„_v ÿq G Rxeb
L wbgMv‡Qi my›ì iƒc‡K 15. Pcj cvq †Kej avB, †Kej MvB cixi 24. Ômvnmx Rbbx evsjvÕ KweZvq cÖK…Z wfZz
M wbgMv‡Qi dz‡ji evnvi‡K Mvb GB Pi‡Y cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q Kviv?
K cvwK¯Ívwbiv L Bs‡iRiv
N wbgMv‡Qi KwP Wvj¸‡jv‡K i. Sibvi cÖ K w
… Z
M evOvwjiv N Avh©iv
 DÏxcKwU c‡o 6 I 7 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : ii. Sibvi wbišÍi Qy‡U Pjv
25. Muv‡qi †jv‡Kiv eyav‡K Kx bvg w`‡q‡Q?
Ôwn›`y bv Iiv gymwjg? IB wRÁv‡m †Kvb& Rb! iii. Sibvi PÂjZv
K KvKZvo–qv L gvwbKiZb
KvÐvix, ej, Wzwe‡Q gvbyl mšÍvb †gvi gvi|Õ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M QbœQvov N †LvKbevey
6. PiY `ywU‡Z †Kvb welqwU dz‡U D‡V‡Q? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
26. eyav e½eÜyi 7 gv‡P©i fvlY Kvi evwo e‡m
K mv¤úÖ`vwqK †PZbv
16. ÔAvwkUv eQi †K‡U †Mj, Avwg WvwKwb ï‡bwQj?
L Amv¤úÖ`vwqKZv
†Zvgvq Kfz/Avgvi ÿzavi Abœ Zv e‡j eÜ K kwid PvPvi L nv‡kg wgqvi
Kiwb cÖfz|Õ KweZvi GB PiYwU‡Z Kx M dRy wgqvi N Kvby `qv‡ji
M ag©xq †PZbv
cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q? 27. Ò†Zvgvi m‡½ Avwg †Kb hve? Muv‡q _vK‡e
N AšÍi-†e`bv
K K…ZÁZv L Awf‡hvM †K?Ó GB e³‡e¨ cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q
7. GB †PZbv jvjb Ki‡j Avgiv cve M †ÿvf N dwiqv`
i. k„•Ljgyw³ i. †`kvZ¥‡eva
17. Ô†mBw`b GB gvVÕ KweZvq ewY©Z dz‡ji ii. mvnm
ii. mvgvwRK m¤úÖxwZ bvg Kx? iii. cÖwZ‡kva¯ú„nv
iii. gvbegyw³ I mn‡hvwMZv K †Mvjvc L wkDwj wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M K`g N PvjZv K i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii
K i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii 18. gvby‡li g‡b GLb kvwšÍ †bB, KviY
28. ÔewncxiÕ bvUK KZ mv‡j XvKv †_‡K cÖ_g
8. ˆmq` gyRZev Avjxi iPbv êwkó¨ †KvbwU? i. gvby‡li AvZ¥‡Kw›`ªKZv cÖKvwkZ nq?
K MxwZgqZv L Mv¤¢xh©c~Y© ii. gvby‡li `vwi`ª¨ K 1960 L 1961
M imMÖvnx N mij iii. my‡Li `yf©vebv M 1964 N 1965
9. ggZvwì †Kvb w`KwU †`‡L evwoi mK‡j wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 29. wek¦mvwn‡Z¨ †KvbwU me©v‡cÿv cÖvPxb?
Lywk n‡jb? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii K KweZv L Mí
K Kv‡Ri k„•Ljv 19. ÔAvwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bBÕ KweZvq evZvm M bvUK N Dcb¨vm
L gvwR©Z AvPiY wQj †Kgb? 30. ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki cÖ_g msjvc Kvi?
M †LvKvi hZœ †bIqv K Zß L wmœ» K Zv‡nivi L nv‡k‡gi
N ¯^ífvlx nIqv M †Kvgj N RjR M nv‡Z‡gi N ewncx‡ii
Self test
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1 N 2 N 3 M 4 K 5 M 6 L 7 N 8 M 9 K 10 M 11 L 12 K 13 M 14 L 15 N
16 K 17 N 18 L 19 N 20 M 21 N 22 L 23 N 24 K 25 K 26 N 27 K 28 K 29 M 30 L
29 B¯úvnvbx cvewjK ¯‹zj I K‡jR, Kzwgjøv †mbvwbevm

1. myfv w`‡bi g‡a¨ wbqwgZ KZevi 10. nuvUvi Avb›`‡K †jLK wK‡mi m‡½ Zzjbv 21. DÏxc‡Ki ÔAvkvÕ KweZvi Kwei wPšÍvi
†MvqvjN‡i †hZ? K‡i‡Qb? HKZvb n‡jv
K `yBevi L wZbevi K evK¯^vaxbZvi L gyw³i i. cÖwZ‡ekxi cÖwZ eÜy‡Z¡i nvZ cÖmvwiZ Kiv
M Pvievi N cuvPevi M gbyl¨‡Z¡i N wkÿvi ii. gvbyl‡K fv‡jvevmvq cÖK…Z myL wbwnZ
2. ÔeB covÕ cÖe‡Üi g~jK_v Kx? 11. cÖg_ †PŠayixi mvwnwZ¨K QÙbvg Kx? iii. gvbyl‡K mvnvh¨ KivB gbyl¨Z¡
K mvwnZ¨PP©vi ¸iæZ¡ Av‡ivc K exiej L me¨mvPx wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
L eB covi AvMÖn m„wó Kiv M fvbywmsn N ebdzj K i I ii L i I iii
M ÁvbvR©‡bi Rb¨ Dc‡`k †Ìqv 12. ÔcÖem eÜyÕ iPbvi cvMgvb cvnv‡oi is Kx? M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
N wkÿvc×wZ cwieZ©b Kiv K mv`v L bxj 22. Rxe‡bi me ivwÎ‡K weËkvjxiv †Kgb `v‡g
3. gv g‡i‡P Z wb‡P †b‡e ùvov Dw³wU‡Z M Kv‡jv N a~mi wK‡b‡Q?
Kx cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q? 13. Kwe Ave`yj nvwKg †Kvb kZ‡Ki Kwe? K m¯Ív L Aí
i. †kÖwY‰elg¨ K cÂ`k L †lvok M Pov N webv
ii. wbPz Rv‡Zi cÖwZ N„Yv M mß`k N Aóv`k 23. nv‡Zi gy‡Vvq g„Zz¨; †Pv‡L ¯^cœ wb‡q G‡mwQj
iii. `vwi‡`ªï cÖwZ Ae‡njv 14. Avi wK †n n‡e †`Lv?GLv‡b Kx cÖKvk K kÖwgK L K…lK
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? †c‡q‡Q? M ga¨weË N feNy‡i
K i I ii L i I iii K AmnvqZ¡ L AwbðqZv 24. Kwe Kvgvj †PŠayixi Rš§¯’vb †Kv_vq?
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M ms‡KvP N wein K Kzwgjøv L h‡kvi
4. Ôˆggbwmsn MxwZKviÕ gw`bvi wewei 15. ÔI‡n Rxe Ki AvwKÂbÕGLv‡b AvwKÂb M iscyi N w`bvRcyi
†mŠ›`‡h© †K gy» n‡qwQj? A_© Kx?  DÏxcKwU c‡o 25 I 26 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
K DBwjqvg _gm K DbœwZ L µ›`b ¯^vaxbZv nxbZvq †K euvwP‡Z Pvq †n
L W. `x‡bk P›`ª †mb M †Póv Kiv N AvKv•ÿv †K euvwP‡Z Pvq?
M W. gyn¤§` knx`yjøvn
16. ÔRyZv Avwe®‹viÕ KweZvi g~j DcRxe¨ welq `vmZ¡ k„•Lj ej †K cvwi‡e cvq †n
N †ivguv †ivjuv
i. KvD‡K Ae‡njv bv Kiv †K cwi‡e cvq|
 DÏxcKwU c‡o 5 I 6 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : ii. AbwfÁZvi cwiPq 25. DÏxcKwU ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi †Kvb
kx‡Zi mKv‡j Kzqvkv Pv`‡i †gvov †LRyi iii. mvgvwRK evav-wecwË w`K‡K aviY K‡i?
Mv‡Qi Z‡j gvwUi Kj‡m fiv †mB UvUKv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K cvK evwnbxi ZvÐejxjv
¯^v‡ì i‡m ¸”Q fiv D”Q¡vm Avwg cvB K i I ii L i I iii L gvby‡li fxwZ
Avg Mv‡Qi Kv‡Q| M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M ¯^vaxbZvi Kvgbv
5. DÏxc‡K ÔAvg-AuvwUi †fucyÕ M‡íi †Kvb 17. MRbxi myjZvb gvngy` KZevi fviZel© N ¯^vaxbZvi D‡cÿv
PwiÎ‡K Bw½Z K‡i? AvµgY K‡ib? 26. DÏxcK I ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi
K Acy L `yM©v
K mvZ L `k cÖvmw½K w`K †KvbwU?
M nwini N me©Rqv M GMvi N m‡Zi K ¯^‡`k‡cÖg L ¯^v_©ciZv
6. DÏxc‡K ÔAvg-AuvwUi †fucy ÕM‡íi †Kvb 18. Ô†ejv A‡ejv Kvj‡ejvÕ MÖš’wU Kvi †jLv? M ¯^vRvZ¨‡eva N AvZ¥Z¨vM
w`KwU cÖwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q? K m‡Z¨›`ªbv_ `Ë 27. ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi cÖKvkKvj
K cÖK…wZ NwbôZv L Avbw›`Z Rxeb L Rxebvb›` `vk K 1994 mv‡j L 1996 mv‡j
M nZ`wi`ª N wPivqZ ˆkke M hZx›`ª‡gvnb evMPx M 1997 mv‡j N 2004 mv‡j
7. evwoi cv‡k wbgMvQ MRv‡j weÁiv Lywk nb N †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq 28. ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki cÖ_g msjvcwU Kvi?
†h Kvi‡Y 19. ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvq KqwU cvwLi bvg Av‡Q? K nv‡k‡gi L nv‡Z‡gi
i. wbgMv‡Qi nvIqv fv‡jv K 4wU L 5wU M Zv‡nivi N Kv‡k‡gi
ii. wbg GKwU DcKvix MvQ M 6wU N 7wU 29. KZ eQi Av‡M ewncx‡ii cÖ_g ¯¿x gviv
iii. GUv hZœ QvovB †e‡o I‡V  DÏxcKwU c‡o 20 I 21 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : hvq?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? Avgvi G Ni fvwOqv‡Q †h ev Avwg euvwa K `k eQi L ev‡iv eQi
K i I ii L i I iii Zvi Ni| Avcb Kwi‡Z Kuvw`qv †eovB †h M †Z‡iv eQi N †PŠÏ eQi
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii †gv‡i K‡i‡Q ci| 30. Ava †kvqv Ae¯’ v q MvjMí K‡i
8. ÔivnxÕ k‡ãi A_© Kx? 20. DÏxc‡K ÔAvkvÕ KweZvi †Kvb w`KwUi i. nwKKzjøvn I PvKiwU
K mvw_ L gymvwdi mv`„k¨ dz‡U D‡V‡Q? ii. PvKiwU
M c_cÖ`k©K N eÜy K wb‡Ri ÿwZ mvab Kiv iii. gvwS `yÕR‡b
9. KvRx bRiæj Bmjv‡gi cÖeÜ MÖš’ †KvbwU? L civ‡_© KvR Kiv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K g„Zz¨ÿzav L QvqvbU K i I ii L i I iii
M kÎæZv †Q‡o †`qv
M Kz‡nwjKv N hyMevYx M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
N A‡bï Rb¨ Ni euvav
Self test
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1 L 2 K 3 N 4 N 5 L 6 N 7 K 8 L 9 N 10 L 11 K 12 L 13 M 14 L 15 M
16 K 17 N 18 L 19 K 20 L 21 N 22 L 23 M 24 K 25 M 26 N 27 L 28 K 29 N 30 M
30 Kzwgjøv wkÿv‡evW© miKvwi g‡Wj K‡jR

1. ÔM„n¯’ N‡ii †g‡qwUi g‡ZvÕ GB Dcgv Øviv 10. Rxe‡bi LÐvsk mvwn‡Zï †Kvb kvLvq 20. weiwnYx WvK WvwK‡Z‡Q Szwi Swi GLv‡b
Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? cÖwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q? †Kvb cvwLi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q?
K myfv‡ì MÖv‡gi b`xwUi DcKvwiZv K KweZv L Dcb¨vm K kvwjK L KvbvKz‡qv
L myfv‡ì MÖv‡gi b`xwUi †mŠ›`h© M bvUK N †QvUMí M WvûK N ûZzg
M myfv‡ì MÖv‡gi b`xwUi ¯^í ˆ`N©¨ 11. wbgMvQ I evwoi j²x weDwUi g‡a¨ mv`„k¨ 21. ÔAvwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bB KweZvq †Kvb
N myfv‡ì MÖv‡gi b`xwUi Kg©ÿgZv K †kK‡o L D‡cÿvq gv‡mi av‡bi gÄwi‡K Kwe mvÿx
2. cÖg_ †PŠayix m¤úvw`Z cwÎKvi bvg Kx? M wbinsKvi N AvZ¥Z¨v‡M †i‡L‡Qb?
K mgvPvi `c©Y L bxjbKkv 12. ¯^vaxb evsjv †eZvi †K›`ª †_‡K cÖPvwiZ K AMÖnvqY L ˆPÎ
M meyRcÎ N evsjv‡M‡RU Kw_Kvi bvg Kx? M gvN N KvwZ©K
3. Ôme †eUvivB GLb evgyb-Kv‡qZ n‡Z K `ye©vi L PigcÎ 22. ivbvi †Kvb †kÖwYi †jv‡Ki cÖwZwbwa?
PvqÕÔAfvMxi ¯^M©Õ M‡í G e³‡e¨ †Kvb M QvocÎ N `yR©q K awbK L ga¨weË
fve dz‡U D‡V‡Q? 13. ÔgvZvwcZvgn µ‡g e‡½Z emwZÕ-GLv‡b M kÖgRxex N wb¤œweË
K weiw³ L †µva Kx dz‡U D‡V‡Q? 23. Ô†Zvgv‡K cvIqvi Rb¨, †n ¯^vaxbZvÕ
M †ÿvf N we`ªæc K wee„wZ L Av‡`k KweZvwU
4. KvOvjxi gv eû w`b KvOvjx‡K duvwK M Dc‡`k N †`k‡cÖg K AvnŸvbg~jK L cÖkvwšÍg~jK
w`‡q‡Qb hv e‡j 14. ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvq Ô†mœ‡ni Z…òvÕ M DÏxcbvg~jK N RvMiYg~jK
K fvZ †bB L wL‡` †bB K_vwU‡Z cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q Kwei 24. evOvwj RvwZi exRgš¿ ej‡Z †evSv‡bv
M UvKv †bB N Mí Rv‡b bv K ¯^RvwZcÖxwZ L mšÍvbevrmj¨ n‡q‡Q
M gvZ…fvlvcÖxwZ N ¯§„wZKvZiZv K RvZxqZvev` L Amv¤úÖ`vwqKZv
5. cÖPzi †`Lv I †kvbvi gva¨‡g AwR©Z
15. ÔSY©vi MvbÕ KweZvq Ôcixi MvbÕ ej‡Z Kx M ¯^v‡`wkKZv N mvgªvRëv`
AwfÁZv‡K Kx e‡j?
†evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? 25. Mv‡qi †jv‡Kiv eyav‡K Kx bv‡g Wv‡K?
K bxwZwe`¨v L imvqb kv¯¿
K wbiew”Qbœ MwZ K KvKZvo–qv L QbœQvov
M †dvK‡jvi N f‚‡qv`k©b
L ¯^cœ‡jv‡Ki Qwe M Rqevsjv N gvwbK iZb
6. cwjøgv‡qi k¦vkZ iƒc dz‡U D‡V‡Q ÔAvg
M bv›`wbK †mŠ›`h© 26. Ô†mvbvi NiÕ ej‡Z Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q?
AuvwUi †fucyÕ M‡íi †Kvb Pwi‡Î?
N k¼vnxb wPË K AvkÖq¯’j L AvkÖ‡qi msKU
K `yM©v L bxjgwY
O kÖv‡×i Av‡qvRb Kivq M GKvwKZ¡ N AvkÖqnxb
M ¯^Y© †Mvqvwjbx N me©Rqv
16. ÔK‡iv bv my‡Li Avk, c‡ivbv `y‡Li duvm| 27. ÔKvKZvo– q vÕ Dcb¨v‡m dzjKwji cwiPq
 DÏxcKwU co Ges 7 cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : GLv‡b Ômy‡Li AvkÕ ej‡Z eySv‡bv Kx?
†Zvgv‡i †mwe‡Z nBj hviv gRyi, gy‡U I Kzwj n‡q‡Q K Kv‡Ri †g‡q
†Zvgv‡i †mwe‡Z hviv cweÎ A‡½ jvMvj a~wj K AwaKvi L †jvf
L Avnv` gywÝi †g‡q
ZvivB gvbyl ZvivB †èZv, Mvwn Zvnv‡ì Mvb M eyavi †evb
M nZvkv N †gvn
Zv‡`wi e‡ÿ cv †d‡j Av‡m be be 17. ÔgvwUi f‡q ivR¨ n‡e gvwUÕ cOw³wU‡Z N †bvjK eyqvi †g‡q
DÌvb| 28. ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡K AšÍwb©wnZ Zvrch© dzwU‡q
cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q
7. DÏxcKwU †Kvb iPbvwU‡K wb‡`©k K‡i? †Zvjv n‡q‡Q †KvbwUi gva¨‡g?
K ivR¨ ayjvq f‡i hvIqv
K gvbyl K nvmï‡mi gva¨‡g
L cwiKíbv †f‡¯Í hvIqv
L mnR-mijfv‡e
L GKvË‡ii w`b¸‡jv M mfvm`‡ì KvR cÐ nIqv
M e¨½vZ¥Kfv‡e
M AfvMxi ¯^M© N ivR¨ APj nIqv
N Mfxi Rxeb‡ev‡ai gva¨‡g
N D‡cwÿZ kw³i D‡Øvab 18. ÔgvbylÕ KweZvq †Pw½m Lvb‡K wK‡mi 29. ÔM~pZË¡Õ ej‡Z cximv‡ne Kx †evSv‡Z †P‡q‡Qb?
8. †Kvb cwÎKvq ebdzj e¨½-KweZv I cÖZxK fvev n‡q‡Q? K `y‡e©va¨ †Kvb e¨vcvi
c¨v‡iwW wj‡L‡Qb? K cÖwZev‡ì L Kj¨v‡Yi L AcÖKvwkZ †Kvb e¨vcvi
K kwbev‡ii wPwV L cÖevmx M wePvi‡Ki N aŸs‡mi M cÖ”Qbœ †Kvb e¨vcvi
M ZË¡‡evwabx N msev` cÖfvKi 19. Ô†mB w`b GB gvVÕ KweZvq cÖKvk N GKvšÍ †Kvb e¨vcvi
9. wkÿvi Avmj KvR Kx? †c‡q‡Q 30. bvU‡Ki cÖavb Aej¤^b Kx?
K ¯^wkwÿZ Kiv L Avb›` `vb K mgq Aaiv L cÖK…wZ wPišÍb K PwiÎ L `„k¨
M Ávb AvniY N g~j¨‡eva m„wó M Rxeb Pjgvb N ¯^cœ Amxg M Kvwnwb N msjvc
Self test
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1 M 2 M 3 N 4 L 5 N 6 N 7 M 8 K 9 N 10 N 11 L 12 L 13 N 14 N 15 L
16 N 17 N 18 N 19 L 20 M 21 N 22 M 23 K 24 L 25 K 26 K 27 K 28 N 29 M 30 K
31 Abœ`v miKvwi D”P we`¨vjq, eªvþYevwoqv

1. evYxK‡Éi evwoi †h w`KwU †bŠKvevnx‡ì 9. KLb G †`‡ki RbM‡Yi wP‡Ë beel© 19. gvby‡li Avqy K‡g hvIqvi KviY Kx?
AvKl©Y KiZ? cvj‡bi g‡a¨ ¯^v‡`wkKZv I RvZxqZvev`x K weË-my‡Li `yf©vebv
i. †mŠ›`h© †PZbvi cÖwZdjb N‡U? L abx nIqvi wPšÍv
ii. †RŠjym K Ebwesk kZvãxi cÖ_gv‡a© M `wi`ªZv N eqm e„w× cvIqv
iii. m”QjZv L wesk kZvãxi cÖ_gv‡_© 20. ÔcwjøRbbxÕ I ÔAvwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bBÕ Dfq
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M Dbwesk kZvãxi †klv‡a© KweZvq DwjøwLZ welq/welq¸‡jv n‡jv
K i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii N wesk kZvãxi cÖv°v‡j i. †RvbvwK
 DÏxcKwU c‡o 2 I 3 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : 10. Òiægx‡K Ab¨fv‡e †ei K‡i Avbvi hZ ii. RjR evZvm
wkIi mvK‡mm †KvwPs †m›Uv‡i covb Rbve iKg †Póv Av‡Q, me Kiv n‡e|Ó G iii. euvkeb
†KivgZ Avwj| GKw`b wZwb `kg †kÖwYi Ab¨fv‡e n‡Z cv‡i wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
i. gvwm© wcwUkb Ki L ii M i I ii N i I iii
wkÿv_©x‡ì e‡jb, †Zvgiv AvMvgxKvj 2wU
ii. †Mwijv ZrciZv 21. ÔG †evSv Uvbvi w`b K‡e †kl n‡eÕ
iPbv I 2wU fvem¤cÖmviY †ZvZv cvwLi
iii. Avjvc-Av‡jvPbv Dw³wUi gv‡S cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q
g‡Zv gyL¯’ K‡i Avm‡e Ges Avwg
†Zvgv‡ì wjL‡Z †è| wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? i. †ÿvf
Ki L ii M i I ii N ii I iii ii. AembœZv
2. †KivgZ Avjxi gvbwmKZvi mv‡_ mv`„k¨
11. 'Farce' Gi cwifvlv Kx? iii. we‡`ªvn
i‡q‡Q ÔeBcovÕ cÖe‡Üi K MxwZbvU¨ L b„Z¨bvU¨
K GK †kÖwYi gvZ…Kz‡ji wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M PwiZ bvUK N cÖnmb
L nvmcvZv‡ji wPwKrmK‡ì K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
12. RM`‡j _vKvKvjxb †jLK Kx‡mi gnvb›` 22. KzKziwU cÖfzi ev¯‘wfUvi †Kv_vq ùvwo‡q
M †W‡gv‡µwmi ¸iæ‡ì
Dc‡fvM K‡iwQ‡jb?
N ¯‹zj-K‡j‡Ri wkÿK‡ì AvZ©bv` Kij?
K gyw³i L fw³i
3. D³ gvbwmKZvi weiæ‡× ÔeBcovÕ cÖe‡Ü K fMœ¯Í~‡c L jv‡ki Dc‡i
M my¯’Zvi N wkÿvi
cÖvewÜ‡Ki e³e¨ n‡jv M D`vm `vIqvq N †kl cÖv‡šÍ
i. wb‡Ri AwfgZ we`¨v wb‡R AR©b
 DÏxcKwU c‡o 13 I 14 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : 23. ˆmq` kvgmyj nK †cQ‡b Kx †d‡j
Ki‡Z n‡e Ò†cŠ‡li KvQvKvwQ G‡m‡Qb e‡j KweZvq D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb?
†iv` gvLv †mB w`b K ¯§„wZwPý L weiwZwPý
ii. cÖMwZkxj mgv‡Ri mv‡_ Zvj wgjvevi
wd‡i Avi Avm‡e wK KL‡bv?Ó M exRgš¿ N PiYwPý
Rb¨ mvwnZ¨PP©v ìKvi 13. ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvi †Kvb welqwU 24. Kwe wbg©‡j›`y ¸Y iwPZ †QvUMí MÖš’ †KvbwU?
iii. ¯^wkwÿZ nIqvi Rb¨ eBcov cÖ‡qvRb
DÏxc‡K cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K evev hLb †QvU wQ‡jb
K AvZ¥wb‡e`b L †`k‡cÖg
K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii L cÂvk mnmª el©
M ¯§„wZKvZiZv N cÖK…wZ‡cÖg
4. wcRiv †cv‡ji Avmvgxi b¨vq Kx c‡o Av‡Q? 14. DÏxc‡Ki g~j e³e¨ wb‡Pi †Kvb Pi‡Y M Avcb `‡ji gvbyl
K Kv‡Vi †Nvov L Lvcov N Kv‡jv †g‡Ni †fjv
dz‡U D‡V‡Q?
M bvUvdj N wU‡bi euvwk K mZZ †Zvgvi K_v fvwe G wei‡j
25. wbixÿvag©x Dcb¨v‡m †Kvb welqwU cÖvavb¨ cvq?
5. gnvbwe (m.) Gi jjvU KzwÂZ n‡jv †Kb? L Avi wK n‡e †`Lv? hZw`b hv‡e K fvlv ev ejvi fw½
K kÎæi cÖ¯ÍivNv‡Z M jB‡Q †h Ze bvg e‡½i m½x‡Z L Mí ev Kvwnwb
L Kvwdi‡ì MvwjMvjv‡R N RyovB G Kvb Avwg åvwšÍi Qj‡b M msjvc N Pwi‡Îi Awfe¨w³
M e³…Zvq evav †c‡q 15. hw` bv ayjv jvwM‡e Ze cvq, cv‡qi ayjv cvBe 26. Ò†Zvi mvg‡b Lvivc w`b Av‡Q eyavÓ
N kvixwiK Amy¯’Zvq Kx Dcv‡q? gš¿xi K_vq cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q Dw³wU Kvi?
6. †Kvb †jL‡Ki Rš§ mvj Avjv`v? i. PZziZv K Avnv` gywÝ L kvnveywÏb
K KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg ii. AKg©Y¨Zv M dz j Kwj N gwZDi
L †gvnv¤§` Iqv‡R` Avjx iii. ARynvZ 27. Ò†jv‡K RvbyK †h Avwg ¯^vaxbZvi hy‡×
M Rxebvb›` `vk wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? kwn` n‡qwQÓ Dw³wU Kvi?
N ejvBPuv` gy‡Lvcva¨vq Ki L i I ii M i I iii N ii I iii K eyavi L Avwji
7. ÒKvi †Mvqv‡j †K †`q †auvqv|Ó †jLK 16. ÔkvwjK ïK eyjvq gyLÕ-Gi c‡ii PiY †KvbwU? M wgVzi N kvnveywÏ‡bi
Ave`yi ingv‡bi gv‡S Kx †`‡L G K_v K wUjvi Mvq Wvwjg dvU 28. Ôg‡b n‡”Q, bZzb GB Rxe‡bi ¯^v`
e‡j‡Qb? L _j-SuvwSi gLg‡j †c‡qwQÕ Dw³wU Kvi?
K AvšÍwiKZvi evovevwo M A½ †gvi Sjg‡j K Zv‡nivi L nv‡Zg Avwji
L †fvRb wejv‡mi cwiPq N wejvB Zvb Zij †køvK M ewncx‡ii N nv‡k‡gi
M Áv‡bi eni N kw³gËvi cwiPq 17. c„w_ex‡Z †KvbwU Avi Si‡e Kx bv †f‡e 29. Ôg~j KvwUqv †dwj‡j e„ÿ ùvov‡ZB cv‡i bvÕ
8. Ò†m †hb Qvqvgqx gvbexÓ ggZvw` M‡íi Kwe Av‡ÿc K‡i‡Qb? msjvcwU‡Z Kvi Ae¯’v cÖwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q?
G Dw³‡Z cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q K †mvbvi ¯^‡cœi mva K Zv‡nivi L †Lv‡`Rvi
i. Awfgvb L wkwki †fRv PvjZv dzj M nv‡Zg Avwji N ewncx‡ii
ii. Av‡ÿc M j²x‡cuPvi g½jevZ©v 30. ÔAvwg Gfv‡e UvKv wb‡Z cvie bv| hvq hvK
iii. we`ªæc N gvby‡li ¯^c-œ mv‡ai myi Rwg`vwi|Õ G e³‡e¨ Kx cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 18. ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvq KqwU cvwLi bvg Av‡Q? K e¨w³Z¡ L AvZ¥gh©v`v
K i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii K 5wU L 7wU M 4wU N 6wU M gvbweK g~j¨‡eva N b¨vq‡eva
Self test
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1 M 2 N 3 N 4 K 5 M 6 L 7 K 8 K 9 M 10 L 11 N 12 K 13 M 14 L 15 N
16 L 17 K 18 M 19 K 20 N 21 K 22 K 23 N 24 M 25 K 26 N 27 K 28 L 29 M 30 M
32 Avj-Avwgb GKv‡Wgx ¯‹zj GÛ K‡jR, Puv`cyi

1. cÖZv‡ci cÖavb kL wQj †KvbwU? 11. Kexi †PŠayix Aa¨qb K‡ib 19. †Q‡j †KuvP f‡i Kx wb‡q G‡mwQj?
K †eov‡bv i. XvKv wek¦we`¨vjq K mycvwi L PvjZv
L †Ljvayjv ii. K¨vwj‡dvwb©qv wek¦we`¨vjq
M †e_y j N AvZv
M wQc w`‡q gvQ aiv 20. gvby l µgk †Kgb n‡q DV‡Q?
iii. wg‡b‡mvUv wek¦we`¨vjq
K †Kvjvnjc~Y© L RwUj
N eB cov wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M AvZ¥‡Kw›`ªK N myLx
2. ÔeB covÕ cÖe‡Ü wb‡Pi †Kvb eëmv‡qi K i I ii L i I iii 21. wbwk›`vi Qvqv wK‡mi Pv`‡i XvKv?
K_v ejv n‡q‡Q? M ii I iii N i, ii I iii K †g‡Ni L †iv‡ì
K AvBb L wkí
12. Rvnvbviv Bgv‡gi evMv‡b wQj M †R¨vrmœvi N Av‡jvi
M KvMR N K…wl
i. wcm 22. ivbvi Kvi g‡Zv K‡i c_ P‡j?
3. †m †hb GKUv Drme evwaqv †Mj GLv‡b K nwi‡Yi L Li‡Mv‡ki
ii. ewb wcÖÝ
†Kvb Drm‡e K_v ejv n‡q‡Q? M ev‡Ni N wms‡ni
iii. Gbv nvK©‡bm
K kÖv‡×i L eªvþY †fv‡Ri 23. LvÐe`vnb ej‡Z Kx †evSvq?
M kehvÎvi N we‡qi
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K LÐ`vn L Av¸‡bi wkLv
4. cÖvPxb fvi‡Zi cÖL¨vZ gwnjv †R¨vwZlx K i I ii L i I iii M fxlY AwMœKvÐ N e„wó
†K? M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 24. Ôb~ i j`x‡bi mviv RxebÕ Kvi iwPZ?
K gw`bv wewe L †ivguv-†ivjuv 13. Ave`yj nvwKg †Kvb hy‡Mi Kwe? K gybxi †PŠayixi
M wemgvK© N Lbv K cÖvPxb hy‡Mi L AvaywbK hy‡Mi L Kwei †PŠayixi

M ˆmq` kvgmyj n‡Ki
5. me©Rqvi g‡b msmvi Z¨v‡Mi B”Qv Rv‡M M ga¨hy‡Mi N AZ¨vaywbK hy‡Mi
N Kwe¸iæi
†Kb? 14. ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvi g~j myi Kx?
25. gi‡Yi K_v g‡b Ki‡j hy× Kiv hvq bv
K Afv‡ei Kvi‡Y K cÖK…wZ‡cÖg L ¯§„wZKvZiZv Dw³wU Kvi?
L Avb‡›` M Avb›` N wbmM© e›`bv K KzwšÍi L eyavi
M Awek¦v‡mi Kvi‡Y
15. Kwe `„pcv‡Y hy× Ki‡Z e‡j‡Qb M wgVz i N wZbyi
N Am‡šÍv‡li Kvi‡Y 26. dzjKwj eyav‡K Kx e‡j Wv‡K?
i. msmv‡i
6. û`vqweqvi Kx? K gvwbK iZb L KvKZvo–qv
ii. mgiv½‡b
K bMix L hy×‡ÿÎ M e½eÜy N hy×
iii. kÎæi mv‡_
M mwÜcÎ N De©i Rwg 27. Dcb¨v‡mi wØZxq Dcv`vb Kx?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K `„k¨ L fvlv
7. ebdzj †Kv_vq g„ZzëiY K‡ib?
K i I ii L i I iii M Kvwnwb N PwiÎ
K XvKvq L PÆMÖv‡g
M KjKvZvq N KivwP‡Z M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 28. nv‡Zg Avwji eqm KZ?
8. Avgiv Kv‡ì D‡cÿv K‡i P‡jwQ? 16. P›`ªgvq †K Pvq? K cÖvq lvU L cÖvq cÂvk
K †gnbwZ gvby‡li K eyjeywj L kvwjK M mËi N Avwk
L cÖYg¨ e¨w³‡ì M P‡Kvi N dwUK Rj
29. S‡oi iv‡Z †K `y N © Ubvi wkKvi nq?
M kÖ‡×q‡ì K nv‡kg Avwj L nv‡Zg Avwj
17. ÔwkDwjgvjvÕ bRiæ‡ji Kx ai‡bi iPbv?
N cÖÁvevb‡ì M evwncxi N †Lv‡`Rv
K bvUK L MíMÖš’
9. †jv‡fi d‡j gvby‡li g„Zz¨ N‡U †Kvb 30. nv‡kg Avwj
M Dcb¨vm N cÖeÜ
cÖKv‡ii g„Zz¨? i. hyw³ev`x
18. Ô†ejv A‡ejv Kvj‡ejvÕ MÖš’wU Kvi †jLv? ii. AvaywbK
K RvMwZK L AvwZ¥K
K m‡Z¨›`ªbv_ `Ë iii. AvcvZ Aw¯’i
M gvbwmK N kvixwiK
10. ggZvwì ci‡bi kvwowU †Kgb wQj? L Rxebvb›` `vk wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K weeY© meyR L weeY© bxj M hZx›`ª‡gvnb evMPx K i I ii L i I iii
M weeY© njy` N weeY© jvj N †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq M ii I iii N i, ii I iii

Self test
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 M 2 K 3 M 4 N 5 K 6 L 7 M 8 K 9 L 10 N 11 N 12 N 13 M 14 L 15 K
16 M 17 L 18 L 19 M 20 M 21 M 22 K 23 M 24 M 25 K 26 N 27 N 28 L 29 M 30 N
33 kvnRvjvj Rv‡gqv Bmjvwgqv ¯‹zj GÛ K‡jR, wm‡jU

1. ÿzrwccvmv wgUv‡bv wkÿvi †Kvb w`K? 12. Òw`‡bi †g‡N avb, iv‡Zi †g‡N evbÓ 20. wmKvb`vi Avey Rvdi †Kv_vq Rš§MÖnY
K cÖ‡qvR‡bi w`K L cy‡iv w`K D×…Zvs‡ki mv‡_ cwjømvwnZ¨ cÖe‡Üi K‡ib?
M AcÖ‡qvR‡bi w`K N AvswkK w`K †KvbwUi wgj i‡q‡Q? K ivRkvnx‡Z L Lyjbvq
2. ÔbÿÎ †b‡g G‡m‡Q †hb bxj AvKvk †_‡K K cÖevèvK¨ L WvK
M dwi`cy‡i N ewikv‡j
meyR mvq‡iÕ GLv‡b ÔbÿÎÕ ej‡Z Kx M Qov mvwnZ¨ N Lbvi ePb
21. ÔivbviÕ KweZvq †K Av‡jv †`q?
†evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? 13. ÔZviv Rv‡b Avwg †Kv‡bv AvZ¥xq bBÕ G
K †RvbvwK L jÉb
K wbgMv‡Qi cvZv‡K L wbgMv‡Qi dj‡K Pi‡Y Kwe Kv‡ì K_v e‡j‡Qb?
M wbgMv‡Qi dzj‡K N wbgMv‡Qi Qvj‡K K Li‡iŠ`ª, RjR evZvm M Puv` N Zviv
3. ggZvwì evwo †Kvb †j‡b? L wbwk›`vi Qvqv, wPij cvZv 22. m‡bU RvZxq KweZvi RbK ev cÖeZ©K †K?
K wniš§q L g„š§q M RjR evZvm, Ujgj wkwki K wg›Ub L †cÎvK©
M Rxebgq N cvovZjx N av‡bi gÄwi, meyR gvV M †k·wcqvi N †R, †R, ivDwjs
4. Ôiægx‡K Ab¨fv‡e †ei K‡i Avbvi hZ 14. ÔivbviÕ KweZvq ÔbZzb LeiÕ ej‡Z Kwe 23. †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq KZ mv‡j Rš§MÖnY
iKg †Póv Av‡Q, me Kiv n‡e, G Kx Kx eywS‡q‡Qb? K‡ib?
ÔAb¨fv‡eÕ n‡Z cv‡i K ARvbv msev` K 1835 L 1836
i. gvwm©-wcwUkb L cwieZ©‡bi msev`
M 1837 N 1838
ii. †Mwijv ZrciZv M me©‡kl msev`
iii. Avjvc-Av‡jvPbv
24. Ò†gN †`‡L †KD Kwim‡b fq Avov‡j Zvi
N wewUwfi msev`
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 15. Ônv‡Zi gy‡Vvq g„Zz¨Õ evK¨wUi g‡a¨ Kx m~ h © nv‡m|Ó KweZvs‡k †Kvb KweZvi
Ki L ii M i I ii N ii I iii cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q? g~ j fve‡K cÖ K vk K‡i?
5. K¬vwm‡Kj bvU‡Ki evsjv cwifvlv †KvbwU? K g„Zzï Rb¨ msMÖv‡g †hvM †`qv K Rxeb-m½xZ L gvbyl
K Kveäg©x bvUK L PwiZ bvUK L g„Zz¨‡K nv‡Z wb‡q Avmv M K‡cvZvÿ b` N Avgvi cwiPq
M mvs‡KwZK bvUK N aªæc`x bvUK M Rxeb wemR©‡bi gvbwmKZv 25. bvU‡K mvaviYZ KqwU Dcv`vb _v‡K?
6. RM`‡j eb †_‡K Kx AvmZ? N hy‡× Suvwc‡q cov K 2wU L 3wU
K wewPÎ cvwL L wewPÎ kã
 DÏxcKwU c‡o 16 I 17 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : M 4wU N 5wU
M wewPÎ cï N wewPÎ mvc
wgRvb mv‡ne wgwói c¨v‡KU wb‡q wi·vq 26. nv‡Zg Avjxi eRiv‡Z KqwU Kvgiv wQj?
7. û`vqweqvi mwÜwU wQj nhiZ gyn¤§` (m.) evwo †divi c‡_ hvbR‡U AvU‡K †Mj, K 1wU L 2wU
Gi GKwU ÿzavZ© c_wkï Zvi Kv‡Q UvKv Pvq,
K ag©xq †PZbvi cÖZxK M 3wU N 4wU
wZwb Zv‡K `yi `yi K‡i Zvwo‡q †`b| 27. ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡K †h welqwU cwijwÿZ nq
L ivR‰bwZK `~i`wk©Zvi cwiPvqK
16. DÏxc‡Ki wgRvb mv‡n‡ei AvPi‡Yi mv‡_
M ag©wbi‡cÿZvi cwiPvqK i. eûweevn
ÔgvbylÕ KweZvi mv`„k¨c~Y© Dw³wU n‡jv
N D`vi gvbwmKZvi cwiPvqK ii. †`k‡cÖg
K fzLvwi wdwiqv P‡j
8. Òiwaiv³Ó ej‡Z †evSvq iii. Kzms¯‹vi
L †Mv¯Í-iæwU wb‡q gmwR‡` w`j Zvjv
i. i³v³ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M gi †Mv-fvMv‡o wM‡q
ii. i³iwÄZ
N mnmv eÜ n‡jv gw›ì Ki L ii M i I iii N i, ii I iii
iii. i³k~b¨
17. Ôgvby l Õ KweZvq Kwei g‡Z, wgRvb 28. Ògi‡Yi K_v g‡b Ki‡j hy× Kiv hvq
Ki L ii M i I ii N ii I iii
mv‡n‡ei g‡Zv gvby‡liv bvÓ K_vwU †K e‡j‡Qb?
9. ÔeB covÕ cÖe‡Ü ÔAšÍwb©wnZ kw³Õ ej‡Z i. ¯^ v _© c i K eyav L kvnveywÏb
†jLK Kx eywS‡q‡Qb? ii. AnsKvix M dz j Kwj N KzwšÍ
K m¤¢vebvgq myß kw³ iii. AvZ¥‡Kw›`ª K 29. Òg‡b nq Zz B Avgvi gy iweŸÓ Kvi Dw³?
L gnr Ávb AR©b wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K nwiKvKzi L eyavi PvwPi
M AvZ¥vi Ag„Z N gvbwmK weKvk K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M eyavi gv‡qi N †bvjK eveyi
10. cÖK…wZ I gvby‡li Rxe‡bi Awfbœ m¤ú‡K©i 18. Ò†mw`‡bv †`wL‡e ¯^cœÓ GLv‡b Kvi ¯^cœ 30. K¨v‡¤ú hvIqvi mgq eyavi †cqviv msMÖn
iƒcKvi †K? †`Lvi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q?
Kivi KviY
K iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi L kirP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq K b`xi L gvby‡li
i. wgwjUvwii m‡½ fve Rgv‡bvi Rb¨
M wef‚wZf‚lY e‡›`¨vcva¨vq M j²x‡cuPvi N PvjZvdz‡ji
19. gw›`‡ii ìRv Ly‡j cy‡ivwnZ Kv‡K †`L‡Z ii. wgwjUvwii †mev Kivi Rb¨
N gvwbK e‡›`¨vcva¨vq
11. †kÖwY wePv‡i ÔmyfvÕ †Kvb †kÖwYi M‡íi AšÍf©y³? †cj? iii. †iwK Ki‡Z myweav Av`v‡qi Rb¨
K igïPbv L gb¯ÍvwË¡K K ivRv‡K L c~Rvwi‡K wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M nvmïmvZ¥K N e¨½imvZ¥K M †èZv‡K N fzLv‡K K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
Self test
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 K 2 M 3 M 4 L 5 N 6 L 7 L 8 M 9 K 10 M 11 L 12 N 13 K 14 L 15 M
16 M 17 L 18 K 19 N 20 L 21 K 22 L 23 N 24 K 25 M 26 L 27 M 28 N 29 L 30 L
34 Avjx AvgRv` miKvwi evwjKv D”P we`¨vjq, †gŠjfxevRvi

1. cÖvewÜK eB cov‡K gvby‡li Rxe‡b 13. ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvwU iPbvKv‡j Kwe 22. GB dz‡U IVv w`KwU n‡jv
me©‡kÖô kL e‡j‡Qb †Kb? †Kvb †`‡k wQ‡jb? i. kix‡i gvwUi myevm †j‡M _vKv
K AvwZ¥K weKvk nq e‡j K d«v‡Ý L fvi‡Z ii. gvwU‡Z Kwei Mv‡qi MÜ _vKv
L we‡bv`b nq e‡j M BZvwj‡Z N Bsj¨v‡Û iii. mvg‡b ayay b`xi wKbvi
M Z…wß cvIqv hvq e‡j 14. Kve¨ †ÿ‡Î gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `‡Ëi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
N Ávbjvf nq e‡j Ae`vb n‡jv K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
2. wef‚wZf‚lY iwPZ MíMÖš’ †KvbwU? i. m‡bU cÖeZ©b 23. Ph©vc` n‡jv
ii. AwgÎvÿi Q›` cÖeZ©b
K c‡_i cuvPvjx L AcivwRZv K evsjv fvlv I mvwn‡Zï cÖ_g wb`k©b
iii. mv_©K gnvKve¨ iPbv
M AviY¨K N †gŠwidzj L cÖvPxb bvUK
3. Avi GKwU cÖvYx GKUz `~‡i _vwKqv GB K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M cÖ_g mv_©K Dcb¨vm
`‡ji m½x nBj †K? N GKwU ms¯‹…Z cÖeÜ
K KvOvjx L KvOvjxi gv
 DÏxcKwU c‡o 15 I 16 bs cÖ ‡ kœ i DËi `vI : 24. †im‡Kvm© gq`v‡b AvMZ gvby‡li msMÖvgx
kwid mv‡ne g‡b K‡ib c„w_ex‡Z Rš§
M iwmK `y‡j N Ck¦i bvwcZ †PZbvi cwiPq wg‡j wb‡Pi †Kvb cOw³‡Z?
†bIqvi †Kv‡bv A_© †bB| GB c„w_ex, gvbyl
4. me e¨vUvivB GLb evgyb-Kv‡qZ n‡Z Pvq- mewKQz †hb ¯^‡cœi g‡Zv| GgbwK cwievi, K gv‡P©i weiæ‡× gvP©
AfvMxi ¯^M© M‡í G e³‡e¨ †Kvb fve dz‡U Rb KvD‡K Zvi Avcb g‡b nq bv| L kZ eQ‡ii kZ msMÖvg †k‡l
D‡V‡Q? 15. DÏxc‡Ki mygb mv‡n‡ei m‡½ Rxeb- M Gev‡ii msMÖvg ¯^vaxbZvi msMÖvg
K weiw³ L †µva M †ÿvf N we`ªƒc m½xZ KweZvi †h Abyf‚wZi mv`„k¨ N Kcv‡j KewR‡Z jvjmvjy †eu‡a
5. Ôe¨vUv‡K Mjvav°v w`‡q evi K‡i †`ÔZÕ cwijwÿZ nq  DÏxcKwU c‡o 25 I 26 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
Aai iv‡qi G Dw³‡K cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q i. nZvkvi cwiev‡ii Pvwc‡q †`qv cvÎ‡K we‡q Ki‡Z
K D‡cÿv L Zvw”Qj¨ ii. Avb‡›ì bvivR ¯^vaxb‡PZv Kgjv| ZvB evwo †_‡K
M weiw³ N Dcnvm iii. Avkvi cvwj‡q evÜexi evmvq D‡V †m| D”P wkwÿZ
6. †h RvwZ g‡b eo bq, †m RvwZ Áv‡bI eo wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? Kgjv, GKUv PvKwi †RvMvo K‡i ¯^vaxbfv‡e
bq GwU Kvi Dw³? Ki L ii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii wb‡Ri g‡Zv _vK‡Z cvi‡e, wb‡Ri Dc‡i GB
K cÖg_ †PŠayix L nvqvr gvngy` 16. D³ fvebv Rxeb-m½xZ KweZvi †Kvb AvZ¥wek¦vm i‡q‡Q Kgjvi|
M ûgvqyb AvRv` cOw³‡Z cÖwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q? 25. DÏxc‡Ki Kgjvi mv‡_ ewncxi bvU‡Ki
N †gvZv‡ni †nv‡mb †PŠayix K AvgivI ne eiYxq
L AvgivI ne †h Agi
Zv‡niv PwiÎwUi mv`„k¨ †Kv_vq?
 DÏxcKwU c‡o 7 I 8 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : K †Kv‡bv fvebv bv †f‡eB evwo †_‡K
M G Rxeb wbkvi ¯^cb
Wvbwc‡U †Q‡ji g‡Zv QzU‡Q GLv‡b ILv‡b N e„_v ÿq G Rxeb cvwj‡q hvIqv
Kzwo‡q‡Q Avg, †f‡O‡Q Wvj, †L‡q‡Q 17. ÔPcj cvq †Kej avBÕ G e³‡e¨ dz‡U L cQ‡›ì gvbyl‡K wb‡q cvwj‡q hvIqv
Kvbgjv, Zey Mv‡Qi mv‡_, cvwbi mv‡_ D‡V‡Q Sibvi M Pvwc‡q †Ìqv we‡q Ki‡e bv e‡j
mL¨, K_v ejv Zvi _v‡gwb KL‡bv| wbmM© K †mŠ›`h©cxÖ wZ L cÖK…wZ‡PZbv cvwj‡q hvIqv
†_‡K jy‡d‡Q Rxeb| Kx †h ¯^v` Rxe‡bi| M MwZgqZv N k¼vnxbZv N cvwj‡q †Kv_vq hv‡e Zv w¯’i K‡i
7. DÏxc‡Ki †Q‡jwUi m‡½ ÔAvg-AuvwUi †fucyÕ 18. gvbyl KweZvq Kwe Kvi †P‡q eo wKQz †bB cvwj‡q hvIqv
iPbvi Kvi m‡½ wgj Lyu‡R cvIqv hvq? e‡j‡Qb? 26. Df‡qi evwo †_‡K cvwj‡q hvIqvi
K Acy L `yM©v K a‡g©i L gvby‡li e¨vcviwU mg_©b Kiv hvq
M me©Rqv N cUwj M †Mv‡Îi N e‡Y©i i. e¨w³¯^vaxbZvi n¯Í‡ÿ‡ci Kvi‡Y
8. DÏxc‡Ki †Q‡jwUi m‡½ ÔAvg-AuvwUi †fucyÕ 19. ÔgvbylÕ KweZvi gg©v_© aiv c‡o‡Q wb‡Pi ii. Abychy³ cv‡Îi mv‡_ evev-gv we‡q
iPbvq PwiÎwU‡K evwoi †jv‡Kiv Kx K‡i‡Q? †Kvb cO&w³‡Z? w`‡qwQj e‡j
K Avì K‡i‡Q L kvmb K‡i‡Q i. mevi Dc‡i gvbyl mZ¨ Zvnvi Dc‡i bvB iii. we‡q‡Z Zv‡ì gZ †bIqv nqwb e‡j|
M fq K‡i‡Q ii. gvby‡li †P‡q eo wKQz bvB b‡n wKQz gwnqvb wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
N †g‡i †g‡i i³v³ K‡i‡Q iii. †Zvgvi wgbv‡i Pwoqv fÐ Mv‡n ¯^v‡_©i Mvb K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
9. D‡cwÿZ kw³i D‡Øvab cÖe‡Ü Kx aŸwbZ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 27. eyav Kv‡K wfZzi wWg e‡j‡Q?
n‡q‡Q? K KzwšÍ L dzjKwj
K H‡Kï AvnŸvb L we‡`ªv‡ni AvnŸvb
20. Avwg P‡j hve e‡j †mB w`b GB gvV
M ivwb N †bvjK †evqv
M jovB‡qi AvnŸvb N åvZ…‡Z¡i AvnŸvb
KweZvi evK¨wU‡Z Kx cÖ K vk †c‡q‡Q?
K Awfgvb L †µva 28. ey a vi †ivRMv‡ii Dcvq n‡jv
10. ggZvwì N‡i wK‡mi Avmv hvIqv M Hk¦wiK †eva N g„Zz¨ †PZbv i. KviI †L‡Z Kvgjv LvUv
G‡Kev‡i Am¤¢e? ii. †÷k‡b KzwjwMwi
K Av‡jvi L myM‡Üi  DÏxcKwU c‡o 21 I 22 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : iii. †R‡j †bŠKvq gvQ aiv
M evZv‡mi N Zv‡ci
Avgvi †`‡ki gvwUi M‡Ü wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
11. cqjv êkvL D`hvc‡bi gva¨‡g Avgv‡ì f‡i Av‡Q mvivgb,
k¨vgj †Kvgj cik Qvov †h
†Kvb †PZbvi gwngv e„w× cv‡e? †bB †Kv‡bv cÖ‡qvRb| 29. Avwji g‡Z wK †L‡j eyavi †cU f‡i?
K ivR‰bwZK †PZbv L agx©q †PZbv K †iv` L †R¨vrmœvM evZvmN e„wó
21. DÏxcKwU‡Z ÔAvwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bBÕ
M agx©q wbi‡cÿ †PZbv N A_©‰bwZK †PZbv KweZvi †Kvb fvewU dz‡U D‡V‡Q? 30. ÔewncxiÕ bvUKwUi mgq KLb?
12. Rvnvbviv Bgvg XvKvi †Kvb ¯‹z‡ji cÖavb K Rwg‡bi M‡Ü wei³ nIqv K Dwbk kZ‡Ki ïiæ
wkÿK wQ‡jb? L †`‡ki gvwUi M‡Ü gb f‡i L Dwbk kZ‡Ki ga¨fvM
K wm‡×k¦ix Mvj©m L wfKviæ‡bœQv b~b M cÖK…wZi iƒ‡ci †Kv‡bv cÖ‡qvRb †bB M Dwbk kZ‡Ki †kl fvM
M D`qb ¯‹zj N AvwRgcyi Mvj©m N Muv‡qi k¨vgj eiY iƒc †bB N wek kZ‡Ki ga¨fvM
Self test
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 K 2 N 3 L 4 N 5 L 6 K 7 L 8 L 9 K 10 K 11 M 12 M 13 K 14 N 15 K
16 M 17 M 18 L 19 K 20 N 21 L 22 K 23 K 24 N 25 M 26 L 27 M 28 L 29 K 30 M
35 D`qb gva¨wgK we`¨vjq, ewikvj

1. ÔGB NÈv `y‡q‡Ki AwfÁZvq msmv‡i †m 12. KweZvsk Ges ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi 22. Abyf‚wZi RM‡Z gvbyl dZzi n‡q c‡o †Kb?
†hb G‡Kev‡i eyov nBqv wM‡qwQjÕ GB g‡a¨ mv`k¨c~Y© w`KwU n‡jv K A_© mvabvq wbgMœ _v‡K e‡j
Dw³‡Z Kx cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q? i. †`k‡K nvbv`vigy³ Kiv L †jv‡fi d‡j Zvi AvwZ¥K g„Zz¨ N‰U e‡j
K eqm †e‡o hvIqv L mg‡qi `ªæZ cÖ¯’vb ii. nZ¨v AZ¨vPv‡ii cÖwZ‡kva MÖnY M wkÿv evB‡ii e¨vcvi e‡j
M nuvwc‡q IVv N msmv‡ii weZ…òv iii. D¾xebx kw³i RvMiY N wkÿv Zvi AšÍ‡ii e¨vcvi n‡q I‡Vwb e‡j
2. m‡Zï wbweo mvabvq nhi‡Zi PwiÎ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 23. ev¼vi ˆZwii Kv‡R AMÖMwZ †`‡L †K
†Kgb n‡q D‡VwQj? Ki L ii M i I iii N i, ii I iii cÖksmv K‡i?
K my‡Kvgj L AvKl©Yxq 13. ÔRxeb-m½xZÕ KweZvq Kwe gvby‡li K kvnveywÏb L eyav
M my›ì N gaygq Rxeb‡K wK‡mi m‡½ Zzjbv K‡i‡Qb? M gwZDi N dRy PvPv
3. gyw³hy‡×i mgq Rvnvbviv Bgvg mcwiev‡i K mgiv½b L ‰kev‡ji bxo 24. ewncxi Ac‡ii gv_vq myi½ K‡i Kx
†Kv_vq _vK‡Zb? M wbkvi ¯^cb N KymwgZ Kvbb Rvb‡Z Pvq?
K kvwšÍbMi L gMevRvi 14. ÔeB covÕ cÖe‡Ü e³e¨ cÖKv‡ki cÖavb K g‡bi K_v L K‡ói ¯îƒc
M Gwjd¨v›U †ivW N ivRvievM evnb Kx? M †Mvcb K_v N eyw×gËvi inm¨
4. gvbemËv‡K gbyl¨Z¡ ejv †M‡j RxemËvi K eB L Ávb 25. eyav wgwjUvwi K¨v‡¤ú Kx wb‡q wM‡qwQj?
cwic~iK †KvbwU? M Wv‡qwi N Kjg K gywo L Avg
K RxevZ¥v L cigvZ¥v  DÏxcKwU c‡o 15 I 16 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : M †cqviv N AvZv
M cªvwYZ¡ N gvbevZ¥v wn›`y evwo‡Z cÖwZ w`bv‡šÍ M„nKg©x Zzjmx 26. me e¨vUvivB GLb evgyb-Kv‡qZ n‡Z Pvq
5. AvwZ¥K g„Zz¨ ej‡Z †jLK Kx eywS‡q‡Qb? Mv‡Qi Z‡j mÜ¨v cÖ`xc R¡vjvq, Mjvq G Dw³wU‡Z Kx cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q?
i. m¡vfvweK g„Zz¨ AuvPj w`‡q cÖYvg K‡i| K weiw³ L we`ªƒc
ii. ˆbwZK AatcZb 15. DÏxc‡Ki Zzjmx Mv‡Qi mv‡_ ÔwbgMvQÕ M †µva N N„Yv
iii. g~j¨‡ev‡ai Aeÿq M‡íi wbgMvQwUi mv`„k¨ n‡jv  DÏxcKwU c‡o 27 I 28 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K AvKv‡i L cvZvq mgq I †mÖvZ KviI Rb¨ A‡cÿv K‡i bv|
K i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii M Ae¯’v‡b N My‡Y ZvB mgq _vK‡ZB Avgv‡ì‡K Rxe‡bi
6. Ôcqjv êkvLÕ cÖe‡Üi wkÿYxq w`K 16. wbgMvQwU †Kvb wePv‡i DÏxc‡Ki Zzjmx `vwqZ¡¸‡jv h_vh_fv‡e m¤úv`b Ki‡Z n‡e|
n‡jv MvQ †_‡K e¨wZµg? Ab¨_vq Rxe‡b `ytL Avmvi m¤¢vebvB †ewk|
K ms¯‹…wZi cÖwZ kÖ×v‡eva i. Ilywa MvQ 27. DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ †Zvgvi cwVZ †Kvb
L be¨cÖv‡Yi m~Pbv Kiv ii. Abv`‡i KweZvwUi fveMZ wgj cvIqv hvq?
M HK¨‡eva RvMÖZ Kiv iii. Ae‡njvq K Avgvi cwiPq L SY©vi Mvb
N Amv¤úÖ`vwqK †PZbv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M Rxeb-m½xZ N e½evYx
7. ÔPcj cvq †Kej avBÕ GB e³‡e¨ dz‡U Ki L ii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 28. D³ KweZvi g~j cÖwZcv`¨ n‡jv
D‡V‡Q SY©vi 17. D‡cwÿZ kw³i D‡Øvab Ki‡j †KvbwU NU‡e? i. Rxeb msMÖvgkxj
K †mŠ›`h©cxÖ wZ L cªK…wZ‡PZbv K Amva¨ mvwaZ n‡e ii. gvbeKj¨vY
M MwZgqZv N k¼vnxbZv L m¡vaxbZv Avm‡e iii. ÁvbPP©v Kiv
8. ÔgvbylÕ KweZvq Kwe Kvi †P‡q eo wKQy M e¨vcK DbœwZ n‡e wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
†bB e‡j‡Qb? N `y‡h©vM †K‡U hv‡e K i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii
K a‡g©i L gvby‡li 18. Po LvIqvi welqwU w`w` †Mvcb K‡iwQj
M †Mv‡Îi N e‡Y©i †Kb?  DÏxcKwU c‡o 29 I 30 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
9. Avwg P‡j hve e‡j Ô†mBw`b GB gvVÕ K j¾v †c‡q
ÔAvevi Avwme wd‡i avbwmuwowUi Zx‡i
KweZvi evK¨wU‡Z Kx cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q? L wec‡ì Avk¼vq
GB evsjvq nq‡Zv gvbyl bq
K Awfgvb L †µva M AvZ¥m¤§v‡bi Rb¨
nq‡Zv ev k•LwPj kvwj‡Ki †e‡k|Õ
M Hk¦wiK †eva N g„Zz¨ †PZbv N PvKwi nviv‡bvi f‡q 29. DÏxc‡Ki ÔAvevi Avwme wd‡iÕ K_vwUi
10. ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvwU iPbvKv‡j Kwe 19. Ôcv‡qi ayjv cvBe Kx Dcv‡qÕ GLv‡b mv‡_ Ô†mBw`b GB gvVÕ KweZvi wecixZ
†Kvb †`‡k wQ‡jb? Ôcv‡qi ayjvÕ Kx A‡_© eën„Z n‡q‡Q? PiY n‡jv
K d«v‡Ý L fvi‡Z K cà~wj L Avkxe©v` K Avwg P‡j hve e‡j
M BZvwj‡Z N Bsj¨v‡Û M cªv_©bv N RyZv L g„`y Kjie
 DÏxcKwU c‡o 11 I 12 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : 20. Ôhy× QvovI giY _v‡KÕ GLv‡b giY M †mw`‡bv †`wL‡e ¯^cœ
Ôgv‡Mv Avgiv †Zvgvi kvwšÍwcÖq kvšÍ †Q‡j ej‡Z Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? N †mB w`b GB gvV ¯Íä n‡e bv‡Kv Rvwb
Zey kÎæ G‡j A¯¿ nv‡Z ai‡Z RvwbÕ K g„Zz¨ L civaxbZv 30. D³ Pi‡Y cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q
11. KweZvs‡k ÔAvgiv A¯¿ nv‡Z ai‡Z RvwbÕ M AvkÖqnxbZv N ÿzav i. Rxebfvebv
ej‡Z ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡m Kv‡ì‡K 21. `kNivq emev‡mi wm×všÍ wb‡Z nwini ii. ¯^cœ †`Lv
†evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? Kvi mv‡_ civgk© Ki‡Z †P‡qwQj? iii. g„Zz¨ †PZbv
K cvwK¯Ívwb ˆmb¨‡ì K fzeb gyLvwR©i wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
L gyw³‡hv×v‡ì L gRyg`vi gnvk‡qi K i I ii L ii I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii
M Mªvgevmx‡ì N AvµgYKvix‡ì M bxjgwY iv‡qi N me©Rqvi
Self test
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1 N 2 N 3 M 4 M 5 L 6 N 7 M 8 L 9 N 10 K 11 L 12 N 13 K 14 K 15 N
16 M 17 K 18 M 19 L 20 N 21 L 22 L 23 M 24 K 25 M 26 L 27 M 28 K 29 K 30 M
36 miKvwi †K. wR BDwbqb D”P we`¨vjq, wc‡ivRcyi

1. ÔgvbylÕ KweZvq †gvjøv I cy‡ivwn‡Zi 12. ¯^vaxb evsjv †eZv‡ii wkíx wQ‡jb 22. ÔwbqwZÕ M‡í wbqwZi wbg©g iƒc jÿ¨ Kiv hvq
AvPi‡Y Kx dz‡U D‡V‡Q? i. Avãyj ReŸvi i. KzKz‡ii KiæY g„Zz¨‡Z
K ag©fxiæZv L Kzms¯‹viv”Qbœ ii. †jL‡Ki evevi g‡bvK‡ó
ii. i_x›`ªbv_ ivq
iii. gnvivRvi †`k Z¨v‡M
M ˆbwZKZv †eva N ¯^v_©ciZv iii. AwRZ ivq wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
2. ÔgvbylÕ KweZvq mnmv Kx eÜ n‡jv? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K gw›ì L gmwR` K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii  DÏxcKwU c‡o 23 I 24 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
M Øvi N c_ 13. Ôg½jKve¨Õ †Kvb hy‡Mi mvwnZ¨ wb`k©b? †R‡M‡Q evOvwji N‡i G Kx gvZb †`vjv
3. ÔAvgvi cwiPqÕ KweZvq evOvwj RvwZ K cÖvPxb L AÜKvi †R‡M‡Q my‡iiB Zv‡j Zv‡j n„`q gvZb †`vjv
wK‡mi Qwe AuvK‡e? M ga¨ N AvaywbK cjvk wkgyj Mv‡Q †j‡M‡Q Av¸‡b eywS
K ¯^vaxbZvi L mv‡gï êkvL G‡jB ïwb|Õ
14. mvwn‡Zï kvLv¸‡jvi g‡a¨ me©Kwbô †KvbwU?
M ¯^‡`‡ki N Rš§f‚wgi 23. DÏxcKwU †Kvb iPbvi fve‡K mg_©b K‡i?
K †QvU Mí L bvUK K cÖevm eÜy
4. ÔAvgvi cwiPqÕ KweZvq cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q
M †QvU Dcb¨vm N cÖeÜ L Avwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bB
evOvwji
15. ÔwbqwZÕ M‡í gnvivRvi evwoi †Kvb AskwU M cqjv êkvL
i. HK¨ †PZbv
Zvjve× wQ‡jv? N Avg-AuvwUi †fucy
ii. HwZn¨‡eva 24. Giƒc mg_©‡bi KviY n‡jv
K cwðg w`KwU L †`vZjv
iii. Amv¤cÖ`vwqK `„wófw½ i. evOvwj RvZxqZv
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M cÖavb ìRv N wbPZjv
ii. Avb›` Av‡qvRb
K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 16. mšÍv‡bi †Kvb wel‡q wcZvgvZvi g~pZvq iii. mve©Rbxb Drme
5. g„‡Zi Av¸b †Kv_vq Pvcv c‡o? weavZv cyiæl AšÍwi‡ÿ †_‡K Zxeª cÖwZev` wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K ey‡K L g‡b M wc‡V N gvwU‡Z K‡ib? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
6. Ômvnmx Rbbx evsjvÕ KweZvq †Kvb `ywU K bvgKi‡Y L ¯‹zj wbe©vP‡b 25. ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvi †mœ‡ni Z…òvÕ
b`xi bvg Av‡Q? M wkÿv MÖn‡Y N †cvkvK wbe©vP‡b K_vwU‡Z cÖ K vk †c‡q‡Q Kwei
i. ¯§„wZKvZiZv
K a‡jk¦ix I myigv L kxZjÿ¨v I hgybv 17. ÔAfvMxi ¯^M©Õ M‡íi †K›`ªxq PwiÎ †KvbwU?
ii. ¯^RvZ¨‡eva
M †gNbv I †MvgwZ N eywoM½v I cÙv K iwmK L Aai ivq iii. ¯^‡`k‡cÖg
7. eyav Kv‡K Nyg cvovwb Mvb †kvbv‡Z? M AfvMx N KvOvwj wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K wZby‡K L dzjKwj‡K 18. Ôawi gvQ bv QuyB cvwbÕ GwU Kx? K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M KzwšÍ‡K N weby‡K K Lbvi ePb L cÖev` 26. ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvq ¯§„wZKvZiZvi
8. †K eyav‡K †ivR G‡m fvZ †L‡q †h‡Z e‡j? M Qov N †Ljvi MZ Avei‡Y †Kvb welqwU cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q?
K PvwP L wgVzi gv K †`k‡cÖg L cÖK…wZcÖxwZ
19. †iuvgv †iuvjv †Kvb †`‡ki bvMwiK? M b`xi cÖwZ ggZv N ˆkke¯§„wZ
M †bvjK eyqv N AvZv dzdz K nsKs Gi L BZvwji 27. ÔRyZv-Avwe®‹viÕ KweZvi gš¿x Mey †Kgb
 DÏxcKwU c‡o 9 I 10 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : M Rvg©vwbi N dªv‡Ýi cÖK…wZi?
G‡`k †_‡K Rwg`vwi kvmbeë¯’v D‡V †M‡Q  DÏxcKwU c‡o 20 I 21 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : K wb‡e©va L Zxÿè eyw×m¤úbœ
A‡bK Av‡M| Avw_©Kfv‡e †Zgb m”Qj bq M †gvUv myw×m¤úbœ N †gavex
†h †gv‡i w`‡q‡Q we‡q fiv evY
Z_vwc GL‡bv evsjvi †Kvb †Kvb MÖvgvÂ‡j 28. ivRvi cv ay‡jv †_‡K gyw³ cvq Kvi eyw×‡Z?
Avwg †`B Zv‡i eyK fiv Mvb K gš¿xi L ivbxi
Rwg`v‡ii cÖfve †`Lv hvq| KuvUv †c‡q Zv‡i dzj Kwi `vb M cwÐZ‡ì N Pg©Kv‡ii
9. DÏxcKwU ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki †Kvb PwiÎ‡K mvivwU Rxeb fi
¯§iY Kwi‡q †`q?  DÏxcKwU c‡o 29 I 30 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
20. DÏxcKwU gnvbwe (m.) Gi †Kvb AvPi‡Yi Avgiv kw³ Avgiv ej
K gywi` L nv‡kg Avjx
mv‡_ msMwZc~Y©? Avgiv QvÎ`j
M nv‡Zg Avjx N ewncxi †gv‡ì cv‡qi Zjvq
K û`vqweqvi mwÜ
10. DÏxcK Ges ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡K Rwg`v‡ii g~‡Q© Zzdvb D‡aŸ© wegvb So-ev`j|
L g°vevmx‡ì ÿgv
†Kvb iƒc dz‡U D‡V‡Q? 29. DÏxc‡Ki fvewU †Kvb KweZvi mv‡_
M gw`bvevmx‡ì ÿgv
i. ÿwqòz mv`„k¨c~Y?©
N e`‡ii hy× K Rxeb-m½xZ L gvbyl
ii. µgea©gvb
iii. ¯^vfvweKZv
21. wb‡Pi †Kvb Dw³‡Z GB AvPi‡Yi w`KwU M Avgvi cwiPq N cÖvY
dz ‡ U D‡V‡Q? 30. D³ KweZvi g~j cÖwZcv`¨ welq n‡jv
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? i. msMÖvg K‡i wU‡K _vKv
K Avwg ivRv bB, mgªvU bB
Ki L ii M iii N i I iii ii. mbœ¨vm nIqv
11. ÔGKvË‡ii w`b¸wjÕ g~jZ GKwU L †Zvgiv mevB ¯^vaxb, mevB gy³
iii. Rxeb mvabv Kiv
K w`bcwÄ L eo Mí M G‡ì Ávb `vI cÖfz, G‡ì ÿgv Ki wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M Dcb¨vm N bvUK N †Zvgvi cZvKv w`‡qQ cÖfz K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
Self test
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1 N 2 K 3 L 4 N 5 K 6 N 7 K 8 L 9 M 10 K 11 K 12 N 13 M 14 K 15 L
16 K 17 M 18 L 19 N 20 L 21 L 22 K 23 M 24 N 25 L 26 K 27 K 28 N 29 K 30 L
37 jvqÝ ¯‹zj GÛ K‡jR, iscyi

1. cÖK…wZ Kvi fvlvi AfvewU c~iY K‡i †`q? 10. KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg Kv‡ì nvZ ai‡Z 20. †Q‡j Kv‡K jvUvB hZœ K‡i ivL‡Z e‡j?
K cÖZv‡ci L myfvwlYxi AvnŸvb K‡i‡Qb? K eo †evb‡K L Kwig‡K
M mynvwmbxi N my‡Kwkbxi K †bZ…Z` ¡ vbKvix‡ì M gv‡K N AvwRR‡K
2. evYxK‡Éi evwowU Kv‡ì `„wó AvKl©Y L D‡cwÿZ fvB‡ì 21. Rxebvb›` `v‡ki KweZvi g~jMZ †cÖiYv Kx?
K‡i? M cÖZviK‡ì K inm¨gqx gvbyl
K K…l‡Ki L MÖvgevmxi N mk¯¿ e¨w³‡ì L bM‡ii ev¯ÍeZv
M †bŠKvevnxi N †R‡j‡ì 11. Ôwkÿv I gbyl¨Z¡Õ cÖe‡Üi bvgKiY †Kvb M cÖK…wZi inm¨gq †mŠ›`h©
3. wPZvi †auvqv Kx i‡Oi Qvqv †d‡j AvKv‡k hyw³‡Z Ôwkÿv I gbyl¨Z¡Õ Gi cwie‡Z© N Rxe‡bi inm¨gq †mŠ›`h©
DVwQj? Ôgbyl¨Z¡Õ ivLv hvq? 22. fzLvwi KZ eQi cÖfz‡K Wv‡Kb bvB?
K jvj L bxj K Dc‡`k L g~je³e¨ K lvU eQi L mËi eQi
M Kv‡jv N Kgjv M ¯^vaxbZv N Áv‡bi weKvk M Avwk eQi N AvUvwk eQi
4. ÔcwjømvwnZ¨Õ cÖe‡Ü †jLK g~je³e¨wU 12. cy‡iv g‡bi mvÿvr cvIqv hvq †Kv_vq? 23. m‡Z¨›`ªbv_ `Ë †Kvb cwÎKvi m¤úv`K
dzwU‡q Zz‡j‡Qb †Kvb welqwU cÖ‡qv‡Mi K `k©‡b L weÁv‡b wQ‡jb?
gva¨‡g? M mvwn‡Z¨ N a‡g© K msev` cÖfvKi L msev` †KŠgy`x
K cÖe‡Üi Avw¼K MVb 13. Kwei `„wó‡Z ÔRbmgy‡`ªi D`¨vb ˆmKZÕ M K‡jøvj N ZË¡‡evabx
L Dcgv I iƒcK n‡jv 24. ÔRyZv-Avwe®‹viÕ KweZvq †ePv-wKbv gRj
M cwjømvwn‡Zï h_v_© DcKiY K Rbmgy‡`ªi evMvb K b`xi R‡j L cyKz‡i we‡j
N fvlvi cÖ‡qvM L jÿ gvby‡li e¨vKzjZv M divk †c‡Z N cuv‡Ki Z‡j
5. `yM©v Acy‡K Kx wb‡q Avm‡Z ejj? M wecøex gvby‡li msMÖvg  DÏxcKwU c‡o 25 I 26 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
K euwU L evwU N Rbmgy‡`ªi Zxi †MÖ‡bW D‡V‡Q nv‡Z KweZvi nv‡Z ivB‡dj
M wPwb N †Zj, byb 14. ÔAvgvi cwiPqÕ KweZvq Lyu‡R cvIqv hvq Gevi ev‡Ni _vev †fvR n‡e AvR
6. KjKvZv wicb K‡j‡Ri mv‡_ K gvby‡li BwZnvm cÖwZ‡kva|
wef‚wZf‚l‡Yi m¤úK© L †èvj‡qi BwZnvm 25. DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi
i. AvB. G.cv‡mi †ÿ‡Î M evOvwji BwZnvm mv`„k¨ †Kv_vq?
ii. we.G. cv‡mi †ÿ‡Î N KweZvi BwZnvm K N„Yvq L j¾vq
iii. Gg.G. cv‡mi †ÿ‡Î  DÏxcKwU c‡o 15 I 16 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : M cÖwZ‡kv‡a N cÖwZ‡iv‡a
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? kvevk, evsjv‡`k, G c„w_ex AevK ZvwK‡q 26. DÏxc‡K dz‡U IVv fve wb‡Pi †KvbwUi
Ki L ii M i I ii N i, ii I iii mv‡_ mv`„k¨c~Y?©
iq,/R¡‡j cy‡o g‡i QviLvi, Zey gv_v
 DÏxcKwU c‡o 7 I 8 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : †bvqvevi bq| K ¯^‡`‡ki Rb¨ AvZ¥Z¨vM
iwdK gv‡qi g„Zzï Lei ï‡b cvMj n‡q 15. DÏxc‡Ki g‡bvfv‡ei mv‡_ mv`„k¨c~Y© L gyw³‡hv×v‡ì kw³kvjx AvµgY
I‡V| †m cÖjvc K‡i e‡j Zv gv gi‡ZB iPbv †KvbwU? M nvbv‡ì evwnbxi wbg©g nZ¨vKvÐ
cv‡i bv| Zvi PvPv e‡jb Aw¯’i n‡qv bv, K †Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨, †n ¯^vaxbZv N ¯^Rbnviv gyw³‡hv×vi AmnvqZ¡
g„Zz¨ gvby‡li fvM¨ Ges †kl cwiYwZ| L mvnmx Rbbx evsjv 27. Ôhy × QvovI giY _v‡KÕ  GLv‡b ÔgiYÕ
7. DÏxc‡K iwd‡Ki PvPvi mv‡_ Ôgvbyl M ¯^vaxbZv, G kãwU Kxfv‡e Avgv‡ì n‡jv ej‡Z Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q?
gyn¤§` (m.)Õ cÖe‡Üi wgj cvIqv hvq Kvi N Rxeb-m½xZ
K civaxbZv‡K L AvkÖqnxbZv‡K
mv‡_? 16. D³ mv`„‡kï wfwË evOvwji M ÿzav‡K N ggZvnxbZv‡K
K nhiZ gyn¤§` (mv.) 28. ÔZvQvov †Zv Av¸‡b SuvcvBqv cwo‡Z
i. mvnwmKZv
L nhiZ Avey eKi (iv.) hvB‡Z‡Q bv| Zvnviv Zvnv‡ì bZzb
ii. msMÖvgx †PZbv
M nhiZ Igi (iv.) Rxe‡bi c‡_ hvB‡Z‡Q|Õ ewncxi G K_v
iii. †`k‡cÖg
N nhiZ Av‡qkv (iv.) Øviv †h g‡bvfve cÖKvk K‡i‡Qb
8. DÏxc‡Ki PvPvi m‡½ cvVëB‡qi e³vi K ev¯ÍeZv †g‡b †bIqv
gvbwmKZvi wgj i‡q‡Q L cÖK…Z Ae¯’v Dcjwä
i. hyw³ev`x gvbwmKZvi
17. Kvi `yt‡Li wPwV †KD †Kv‡bvw`bB co‡e M bZzbZ¡‡K ¯^vMZ Rvbv‡bv
ii. Av‡eMcÖeYZvi
bv? N gvbweK‡ev‡ai cwiPq †Ìqv
K ivbv‡ii L AvKv‡ki Zvivi
iii. `„p gv‡bve‡ji 29. kn‡i ewncx‡ii KZRb abx gywi` Av‡Qb?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M weiwnYx wcÖqvi N e‡bi nwi‡Yi K wZbRb L cuvPRb
K i I ii L ii I iiiM i I iii N i, ii I iii 18. ÔMuv_vÕ kãwUi AvÿwiK A_© wn‡m‡e M mvZRb N bqRb
9. ÔwbgMvQÕ M‡í DwjøwLZ bZzb †jvK G‡m Kx †KvbwU mg_©b‡hvM¨? 30. ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡K Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q
Kij? K iPbv L cvjv i. Rwg`vwi cÖ_v
K Wvj wQuoj M KweZv N eY©bv ii. †hŠZzK cÖ_v
L Qvj Zzjj 19. RxY© †eovi N‡i †K Nygvq? iii. cxifw³
M Wvj fvOj K gvbyl L fvebvnxb gvbyl wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
N gy»`„wó‡Z †P‡q iBj M Kwei eÜy N Kwei cÖwZ‡ekx Ki L ii M i I iii N i, ii I iii
Self test
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1 L 2 M 3 L 4 M 5 N 6 M 7 L 8 M 9 N 10 L 11 L 12 M 13 N 14 M 15 L
16 N 17 K 18 K 19 L 20 M 21 M 22 M 23 N 24 N 25 M 26 L 27 M 28 K 29 K 30 M
38 MvBevÜv miKvwi evwjKv D”P we`¨vvjq

1. KvOvwj VvKzi`vm‡K Kx e‡jwQ‡jb? 9. 16B wW‡m¤î 1971 Kx evi wQj? 19. Kvjvcvnvo Kx K‡i‡Qb?
K Avgv‡K GKUv MvQ w`‡eb K †mvg L g½j K gw›ì wbg©vY L gmwR` wbg©vY
L Avgvi gv g‡i †M‡Q M eya N e„n¯úwZ M †èvjq wbg©vY N †èvjq aŸsm
M Avgiv evgyb Kv‡q¯Í n‡Z PvB 10. evMvb Kiv †bkvi gva¨‡g DcK…Z w`K 20. †gvjøv Kx wb‡q gmwR‡` Zvjv w`j?
N Avgv‡K cuvPwU UvKv w`‡eb i. `ytL-Kó LvwbKÿY fz‡j _vKv hvq K wdiwb-cv‡qm L †Mv¯Í-iæwU
2. evsjv‡`‡ki Rwg`v‡ii Kg©Pvix‡ì Pwi‡Î ii. mwL‡bi g‡Zv i‡Oi dzj nq M wgwó-gÐv N †Kvigv-†cvjvI
cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q iii. fqvbK wewÿß gb‡K e¨¯Í ivLv hvq 21. RyZv Avwe®‹vi KweZvi PiY msL¨v KZ?
i. kvm‡Ki wPý wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K mËi L Avwk
ii. KvÐÁvbnxbZv K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M beŸB N GKk
iii. µ×Zv 11. nvqvr gvgy` KZ mv‡j cÖ‡ewkKv cixÿvq 22. ivRvi Kv‡R `„ w ó †bB
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? DËxY© nq? i. †Mvey iv‡qi
K i I ii L ii I iiiM i I iii N i, ii I iii K 1936 L 1946 ii. gš¿Yv `vZv‡ì
3. me©Rqv‡K `y‡ejv UvKvi Rb¨ ZvMv`v w`‡”Q M 1956 N 1966 iii. iv‡Rï Kv‡iviB
†K? 12. Dcb¨vwmKv ej‡Z †evSvq wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K ivav †evó‡gi eD K i I ii L ii I iii
i. †QvU Dcb¨vm
L †mR VvKiæb M i I iii N i, ii I iii
ii. e„nr AvqZ‡bi Dcb¨vm
M bxjgwb ivq 23. †bvjK eyqv eyav‡K Kx bv‡g Wv‡K?
iii. eo AvKv‡ii Mí
N †èkxl fÆvPvh© K gvwbK iZb L †mvbvevev
4. Acy w`wì w`‡K wRÁvmvm~PK `„wó‡Z M Qbœ Qvov N †Mvei ivRv
Ki L ii M iii N i I iii
†P‡qwQj 24. ÔMY‡èZvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi †jLK †K?
13. Kwei Kve¨ iPbvi we‡kl D‡Ïk¨ Kx?
i. mZ¨ cÖKvk Ki‡Z mvnmx bv n‡q K mybxj M‡½vcva¨vq
K wb‡Ri AvZ¥Rxebx iPbv
ii. Afq evYx cvIqvi Rb¨ L Zvivk¼i e‡›`¨vcva¨vq
L ivRKg©Pvix‡ì Zzó Kiv
iii. w`w`‡K fq †c‡q M wef‚wZf‚lb e‡›`¨vcva¨vq
M mvaviY gvbyl‡K Zzó Kiv
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? N gvwbK e‡›`¨vcva¨vq
N evsjv a‡g©i evYx cÖPvi Kiv
Ki L ii I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii 25. hviv wfZ‡i Mvb _v‡K †m Kx Ki‡Z cv‡i?
5. gvby‡li gbyl¨‡Z¡i cwiPq †KvbwU? 14. evOvwj n‡qI hviv Aviwe, dviwm fvlv‡K K hy× Ki‡Z
K Rxe‡b cÖwZôv AR©b
†kÖô g‡b K‡i Zviv g~jZ L A‡bK wKQy Ki‡Z
L ÿgZvi kx‡l© Av‡ivnY i. AÁ M fv‡jvevm‡Z N `ytL mn¨ Ki‡Z
M gyw³i †eva N wkÿv m¤ú~Y© Kiv ii. gvid‡Z Ávbk~b¨ 26. gayi Kxfv‡e g„Zz¨ n‡qwQj?
6. c„w_exi mKj cÖvYxi mv‡_ gvby‡li †gŠwjK iii. fxiæ K ¸wj‡Z L Av¸‡b cy‡o
cv_©K¨ n‡jv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M cvwb‡Z Wz‡e N moK `yN©Ubvq
i. gvby‡li g‡a¨ bxPZv I msKxY©Zv Av‡Q Ki L ii M iii N i I ii 27. HwZnvwmK bvUK †KvbwU?
ii. gvby‡li eyw× we‡eK Av‡Q 15. PZz`©kc`x KweZv †Kvb Q‡›` iwPZ nq? K K…òKzgvix L Rgx`vi `c©Y
iii. gvby‡li Pvwn`v c~i‡Yi g‡a¨B gvbyl K gvÎve„Ë L AwgÎvÿi M iveY ea N i³Kiex
Rxeb‡K mxgve× iv‡L bv M gy³vÿi N Aÿie„Ë 28. ewncxi e„× eq‡m we‡q Kivi KviY Kx?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 16. Ôe½R RbÕ ej‡Z Kwe eywS‡q‡Qb K esk iÿv L †L`gZ cvIqv
Ki L i I ii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii i. e½‡`‡ki Rš§MÖnYKvix‡ì M mgvR iÿv N Mí¸Re Kiv
7. wewPÎv cwÎKvq gvwbK e‡›`¨vcva¨v‡qi ii. K‡cvZvÿ b‡ì cvk¦eZ©x Rb‡Mvôx 29. nv‡Zg Avjx Kvi Avmvi cÖZxÿvq MÖni
†Kvb Mí cÖKvwkZ nq? iii. Kwei MÖv‡gi †jvKRb †Mv‡b?
K Rbbx L AZmxgvgx wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K evjëÜy L nv‡kg
M mniZjx N PZz‡¯‹vY Ki L ii M iii N i I ii M ewncxi N †Lv‡`Rv
8. ÔggZvw`Õ M‡íi mnvbyf‚wZkxj gvbyl n‡jv 17. P›`ªgvq †K Pvq? 30. ewncx‡ii Pwi‡Î cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q
i. ggZvw` K P‡Kvi L SvDeb i. eyw×gËv
ii. gv M PvZK N SY©v ii. a~Z©Zv
iii. †LvKv 18. Kviv gyL eyjvq? iii. gvbweKZv
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K eyjeywj-wUqv L gqbv-KvK wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K i I ii L ii I iiiM i, ii I iii N i I iii M kvwjK-kyK N P‡Kvi-ïK Ki L i I ii M i I iii N ii I iii
Self test
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1 L 2 M 3 K 4 K 5 M 6 M 7 L 8 M 9 N 10 L 11 M 12 N 13 M 14 N 15 L
16 K 17 K 18 M 19 N 20 L 21 N 22 K 23 M 24 L 25 L 26 K 27 K 28 L 29 K 30 L
39 MvBevÜv miKvwi evjK we`¨vjq

1. Rwg`v‡ii `v‡ivqvb KvOvwji Mv‡q nvZ 9. Ôgvbyl gyn¤§` (m.)Õ cÖe‡Ü DwjøwLZ 18. my`~i AZx‡Zi bee‡l©i mv‡_ K…wl mgv‡Ri
w`j bv †Kb? Ômygnvb cÖwZ‡kvaÕ nhi‡Zi Pwi‡Îi †Kvb †hvMm~Î _vKvi KviY
K RvZ nviv‡bvi f‡q w`KwU Zz‡j a‡i‡Q? K ey‡R©vqv wejvm L †jŠwKKZv
L †jvKj¾vi f‡q K gbyl¨Z¡ L mvnm M mvs¯‹…wZK N A_©‰bwZK
M A‡kŠP nIqvi f‡q M Z¨vM N AvZ¥wek¦vm 19. c„w_exi †Kvb Mí wPiKvj †eu‡P _v‡K?
N MÖvgevmxi Aby‡iv‡a 10. †Kvb Rb ¯^vaxb evsjv †eZvi †K‡›`ªi K †mŠ›`‡h©i L engvbZvi
2. ¯^Y© †Mvqvwjbx Avmvq †Kvb K_v Pvcv c‡o †Mj? MvqK wQ‡jb? M Av‡e‡Mi N mf¨Zvi
K `yM©vi evwn‡i hvIqvi K mv‡jn Avn‡g` L nvmvb Bgvg 20. gy w³hy ×wfwËK Dcb¨vm †KvbwU?
M hZx›`ª‡gvnb wmsn N nijvj ivq K †ZBk b¤î ˆZjwPÎ L ivB‡dj iæwU AvIivZ
L Acyi Avg LvIqvi
11. wek¦ mvwn‡Zï me©v‡cÿv cÖvPxb mvwn‡Zï M nvRvi eQi a‡i N mvg‡b bZzb w`b
M `k Nivi gšÍi †Ìqvi
iƒc †KvbwU? 21. bvU‡Ki jÿ¨ Kviv?
N cvIbv`v‡ii ZvMv`v †Ìqv K cvVK L `k©K M †kÖvZv N e³v
K gnvKve¨ L bvUK
3. ÔM½v‡Z AeMvnb K‡iB Avgiv Avgv‡ì 22. ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki NUbv †Kvb FZz‡Z msNwUZ?
M Dcb¨vm N cÖeÜ
mKj cvc gy³ n‡evÕ GLv‡b M½v Kx K kir L †ngšÍ M kxZ N emšÍ
A‡_© eën„Z n‡q‡Q? 12. ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvq PZz _ © cOw³‡Z I
wei‡j k‡ãi mv‡_ AšÍ¨wgj iÿvKvix kã 23. ÔAv‡jvi-wcqvmx cÖvY PÂj wkï‡ì
K Zx_©¯’vb L b`xwe‡kl K‡jv‡Kvjvn‡j hvnviv wei³ nBqv
†KvbwU?
M mvwnZ¨ N ag©bxwZ Awfm¤úvZ Kwi‡Z
K Kvi R‡j L Ze KjK‡j
 DÏxcKwU c‡o 4 I 5 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : M ¯^c‡b N Qj‡b _v‡K... e„× ZvnvivBÕ DÏxc‡Ki e„×
nwic` mI`vi Awd‡mi Kwbô †Kivwb| 13. Rwg`vi wMwbœi g‡a¨ cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q n‡jv SY©vi Mvb KweZvi
i. Kzms¯‹viv”QbœZv K Szg cvnvo L Kvjvmv‡ii `j
mvgvb¨ †eZ‡b Zvi msmvi P‡j bv|
M cvnvwo SY©v N PvZK cvwL
Awd‡m Dcwi DcvR©‡bi my‡hvM _vK‡jI ii. evOvwj gv‡qi cÖwZg~wZ©
†m Zv K‡i bv| eis Awdm †k‡l `y‡Uv iii. ag© f xiæZv  DÏxcKwU c‡o 24 I 25 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
wUDkwb K‡i evowZ DcvR©b K‡i| wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? †Zj wcVv †f‡R cÖ_gwU g³‡ei ûRy‡ii
4. wkÿv I gbyl¨Z¡ cÖe‡Üi Av‡jv‡K Ônwic`Õ K i I ii L iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii Kv‡Q cvVvq KvqQvb| fv‡e ûRyi‡K bv
DÏxcKwU c‡o 14 I 15 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : w`‡q †L‡j g¯Í ¸bvn n‡e|
n‡”Qb 
24. DÏxc‡Ki KvqQvb ewncxi bvU‡Ki †Kvb
i. Rxe‡b †mvbv djv gvbyl Ô†mB g‡b c‡o ˆR¨‡ôi S‡oi iv‡Î bvwn‡Kv Nyg Pwi‡Îi mgvšÍivj?
ii. A_©wPšÍvi wbM‡o ew›` gvbyl AwZ †fv‡i DwV ZvovZvwo QywU Avg K nv‡kg L Zv‡niv
iii. wek„•Lj mgvRc„ô gvbyl Kzovevi ayg| M nv‡Zg N †Lv‡`Rv
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? †mB mygayi ¯Íä `ycyi, cvVkvjv cjvqb 25. D³ Pwi‡Î †`Lv hvq
K i I ii L ii I iiiM i I iii N i, ii I iii fvwejvg nvq Avi Kx †Kv_vq wd‡i cve K ag©x Kzms¯‹vi L cÖwZev`x †PZbv
5. nwic‡ì †Kvb welqwU wkÿvi †mRxeb|Õ M Amnvq‡Z¡i Qvc N gvbweK Dcjwä
AcÖ‡qvR‡bi w`KwU wb‡`©k K‡i? 14. DÏxc‡Ki †kl Pi‡Yi m‡½ wb‡Pi †Kvb 26. Kvb †K‡U w`‡qwQ †Zv‡ì| Kx A_©
K evowZ DcvR©‡bi †Póv Pi‡Yi fv‡ei wgj i‡q‡Q? cÖKvk K‡i‡Q?
L Dcwi DcvR©b cwinvi K mZZ †n b` Zzwg ci †gvi g‡b K AvqvZ L Acgvb
M msmv‡ii Uvbv‡cv‡ob L jB‡Q †h Ze bvg e‡½i msMx‡Z M Acev` N cÖwZev`
M mZZ †Zvgvi K_v fvwe I wei‡j 27. wmKv›`vi Avey Rvd‡ii †Kvb MvbwU
N mvgvb¨ †eZb
N Avi wK †n n‡e †`Lv hZw`b hv‡e ¯^vaxbZvKvgx evOvwj RvwZ‡K we‡klfv‡e
6. ÔwbgMvQÕ M‡í Kwe I Kweiv‡Ri cv_©K¨
†Kvb gvb`‡Ð wePvi Kiv n‡q‡Q? 15. K‡cvZvÿ b` KweZvi †h w`K DÏxc‡K AbycÖvwYZ K‡i?
cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q Zv n‡jv K Avgv‡ì msMÖvg Pj‡eB
K ch©‡eÿY L Dcjwä
i. †`k‡cÖg L I Avgvi †`‡ki gvwU
M †fvM N Dc‡hvM
ii. ¯§„wZKvZiZv M gv‡Mv fvebv †Kb?
7. Ôcvwii RvwZ we‡Øl †bB, †m †cvj, iæk, iii. AvZ¥wb‡e`b N hw` ivZ †cvnv‡j †kvbv †hZ
†ivgvwbqv‡KI kÖ‡gi wewbg‡q Abœ †`q, wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 28. Ôwkí mg„× HwZn¨Õ †evSv‡Z Kwe
wb‡MÖv‡KI †k¦Z †mbvi bvqK K‡i|Õ Ki L ii M i I iii N ii I iii †KvbwUi D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb?
D‡cwÿZ kw³i D‡Øvab cÖe‡Üi †Kvb 16. cwjøMÖv‡g kn‡ii g‡Zv bZ©‡K Gi Afve K cvnvocy‡ii †eŠ×wenvi
w`KUv DÏxc‡K we`¨gvb c~iY K‡i †KvbwU? L Ph©vc‡ì Aÿ‡ii
i. mvgëvw`Zv K wewfbœ cvwLi KjMvb M cvjhy‡Mi wPÎKjvi
ii. Amv¤cÖ`vwqKZv L b`xi KzjKzj aŸwb N e‡i›`ªf‚wgi †mvbv gmwR‡ì
iii. åvZ„Z‡¡ eva M cvZvi gg©i kã 29. Ôevqy-mvM‡iiÕ mv‡_ †jLK wK‡mi Zzjbv
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? N k¨vgj k‡mï †njv`yjv K‡i‡Qb?
Ki L ii I iiiM i I iii N i I ii 17. †Kvb NUbvi ga¨ w`‡q KvKZvo–qv K cwjømvwnZ¨ L cvov-Muv
8. ggZvwì gyL jvj n‡jv †Kb? Dcb¨v‡mi hewbKvcvZ N‡U‡Q? M cwjøi gvVNvU N mvwnZ¨ DcKiY
K Zv‡K iuvaybx ejvq K hy×Kvjxb HKë×Zv 30. ÔivZ †kl n‡q m~h© DV‡e K‡e?Õ GLv‡b
L Zv‡K evgybw` ejvq L mvaviY gvby‡li †`kZ¨vM Ôm~h©Õ Kx‡mi cÖZxK?
M Mv‡j `v‡Mi KviY wRÁvmv Kivq M wech©¯Í RbRxeb K †mvbvwj my‡Li L bZzb Av‡jvi
N ¯^vgxi PvKwi †LuvR †bIqv N gyw³‡hv×vi exiZ¡ M w`‡bi m~Pbvi N Kg© m¤úv`‡bi
Self test
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1 M 2 K 3 M 4 M 5 L 6 L 7 N 8 K 9 K 10 N 11 L 12 L 13 N 14 N 15 L
16 N 17 N 18 N 19 L 20 L 21 L 22 L 23 K 24 N 25 K 26 L 27 K 28 M 29 L 30 K
NCTB KZ…©K cÖ`Ë P‚ovšÍ gvbeÈ‡bi Av‡jv‡K gv÷vi †UªBbvi

c¨v‡bj KZ…©K
G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ : m„Rbkxj cÖYxZ
40 G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ 01 welq †KvW : 1 0 1
mgq : 2 NÈv 30 wgwbU evsjv cÖ_g cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb : 70
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Yg© vb ÁvcK| M`¨ Ask †_‡K b~¨bZg 2wU, KweZv Ask †_‡K b~¨bZg 2wU, Dcb¨vm Ask †_‡K b~¨bZg 1wU I
bvUK Ask †_‡K b~¨bZg 1wU K‡i †gvU 7wU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e| GKB cÖ‡kœvË‡i mvay I PwjZ fvlvixwZi wgkÖY `~lYxq|]
K AskM`¨ 7  G‡mv me we‡f` fz‡j
1  dwUK Nywo DovBqv, jvwUg NyivBqv gv‡V-gq`v‡b Nywiqv †eovBZ| KLb MvB gvbeZvi Mvb|
Avcb g‡b ZvB‡i bvB‡i bv Kwiqv Mvb Mvwnqv b`xi R‡j SuvK w`qv muvZvi cÖmvwiZ Kwi eÿ AvwR‡K mvn‡m fiæK cÖvY|
KvwUZ| Avevi Mv‡Q Pwoqv dj cvwoqv, cvwLi wWg-Lvbv Pzwi Kwiqv K¬všÍ Ki‡ev jovB weiæ‡× Zv‡ì hviv wns¯ª cïi mgvb,
†`‡n Nv‡mi WvUv wPevB‡Z wPevB‡Z evwo wdwiZ| RvZ-a‡g©i we‡f` wb‡q K‡i hviv eëavb|
K. ÔAvg-AuvwUi †fucyÕ kxl©K MíwUi iPwqZv †K? 1 K. ÔdzKwiÕ k‡ãi A_© Kx? 1
L. ÔbxjgwY iv‡qi wfUv R½jve„Z nBqv cwoqv Av‡QÕ †Kb? 2 L. Ô†Zvgvi wgbv‡i Pwoqv fÛ Mv‡n ¯^v‡_©i RqÕ eywS‡q †jL| 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki dwUK cwVZ M‡íi †Kvb Pwi‡Îi mv`„k¨? eywS‡q †jL| 3 M. KweZvs‡k g~jK_v Kxfv‡e ÔgvbylÕ KweZvq dz‡U D‡V‡Q? eY©bv Ki| 3
N. ÒDÏxcKwU ÔAvg-AuvwUi †fucyÕ M‡íi mgMÖZv ¯úk© K‡i‡QÓ N. Òg~j myi GK n‡jI ÔgvbylÕ KweZvq welqwU wfbœ †cÖÿvc‡U
g~j¨vqb Ki| 4
2  Z‡e Zzwg eywS evOvwj RvwZi exRgš¿wU †kvb bvB Dc¯’vwcZÓ gšÍe¨wU we‡kølY Ki| 4
Ômevi Dc‡i gvbyl mZ¨, Zvnvi Dc‡i bvB|Õ M AskDcb¨vm
GKmv‡_ AvwQ, GKmv‡_ euvwP, AvRI GKmv‡_ _vKeB 8  bvbœy MÖvg †_‡K kvK-mewR, dj-cvKov wewfbœ wRwbm wb‡q gv‡S-g‡a¨ cvK-
me we‡f‡ì †iLv gy‡Q w`‡q mv‡gï Qwe AuvKeB| nvbv`vi K¨v‡¤ú weµq K‡i| †m †Mvc‡b gyw³‡hv×v‡ì mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM
K. †Mv‡qejm&& †K? 1 ivLZ| †KD Zv‡K m‡›`n KiZ bv| A_P Zvi cÖ‡Póvq gyw³‡hv×v‡ì
L. Gfv‡e wØavØ‡›Ø †K‡U‡Q `yÕw`b `yÕivZ †Kb? 2 D‡Ïk¨ mnR I mdj nq|
M. DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ ÔGKvË‡ii w`b¸wjÕ iPbvi †PZbvi mv`„k¨ K. gyw³evwnbxi KgvÛvi †K? 1
Dc¯’vcb Ki| 3 L. Avnv` gywÝi †PvL Kcv‡j D‡VwQj †Kb? 2
N. DÏxcKwU ÔGKvË‡ii w`b¸wjÕ iPbvi mgMÖ fve‡K aviY K‡i‡Qb M. DÏxc‡Ki bvbœy ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi †Kvb Pwi‡Îi mv‡_
wK? †Zvgvi gZvgZ e¨³ Ki| 4 mv`„k¨c~Y©? e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
3  Avgv‡ì GB cwZZ, PÐvj, †QvU‡jvK fvB‡ì ey‡K Kwiqv Zvnvw`M‡K cY N. gyw³‡hv×v‡ì D‡Ïk¨ mdj I mnR Kivi †ÿ‡Î bvbœyi cÖ‡Póv
Kwiqv jB‡Z, Zvnv‡ìB g‡Zv `xb emb cwiqv, Zvnv‡ì cÖv‡Y †ZvgviI ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨vm Aej¤^‡b we‡kølY Ki| 4
cÖvY ms‡hvM Kwiqv D”P wk‡i Zvi m¤§y‡L Avwmqv ùvovI, †`wL‡e wek¦ 9  Avgiv †Zvgvi kvwšÍwcÖq kvšÍ †Q‡j,
†Zvgv‡K bg¯‹vi Kwi‡e| Zey kÎæ G‡j A¯¿ nv‡Z ai‡Z Rvwb
K. Ô†evab-euvwkÕ ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 1
L. Ô†`wL‡e BnvivB hyMvšÍi Avwb‡eÕ Kx Dcv‡q eywS‡q †jL| 2 †Zvgvi fq †bB gv Avgiv
M. DÏxcKwU‡Z ÔD‡cwÿZ kw³i D‡ØvabÕ cÖe‡Üi †Kvb w`KwU cÖwZev` Ki‡Z Rvwb|
cÖwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q? e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 K. eyav KqwU gkvj evwb‡qwQj? 1
N. DÏxc‡Ki fvewUB wK ÔD‡cwÿZ kw³i D‡ØvabÕ cÖe‡Üi GKgvÎ L. eyavi Kv‡Q Av‡jv Auvavi `y‡UvB mgvb †Kb? 2
DcRxe¨? hyw³mn we‡kølY Ki| 4 M. DÏxc‡K ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi †h w`KUv dz‡U D‡V‡Q Zv e¨vL¨v
4  Afv‡ei Zvobvq cix †eMg A‡bï evwo‡Z M„ncwiPvwiKvi KvR †bq| Ki| 3
†mLv‡b me KvR K‡g©i cvkvcvwk †QvvU‡ìI Ave`vi nvwmgy‡L c~iY K‡i| N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ †`k‡cÖ‡gi ¯îƒc ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡m KZUv
ZvivI cix †eMg‡K AvcbR‡bi gZ Lye fv‡jvev‡m| cÖwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q? we‡kølY Ki| 4
K. gvwbK e‡›`¨vcva¨v‡qi cÖK…Z bvg Kx? 1 N AskbvUK
L. Ô†m †hb Qvqvgqx gvbexÕ ej‡Z Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? 2 10  wb‡Pi QKwU ch©‡eÿY K‡i cÖk¸ œ ‡jvi DËi `vI :
M. DÏxc‡Ki cix †eMg Ô ggZvw`Õ M‡íi ggZvwì wgj Av‡Q wKbv bÅvqGeva
e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 hywÚev`x wkwÞZ
N. DÏxc‡Ki cix †eMg I ÔggZvw`Õ M‡íi ggZvw` GKB m~‡Î Muv_v
†Zvgvi gZvgZ e¨³ Ki| 4
L AskKweZv
5  wkLi nB‡Z wkL‡i QzwUe, AvaywbK `†pGPZv
f‚ai nB‡Z f‚a‡i jywUe,
†n‡m LjLj †M‡q KjKj Zv‡j Zv‡j wè Zvwj|
GZ K_v Av‡Q, GZ Mvb Av‡Q, GZ cÖvY Av‡Q †gvi, ?
GZ myL Av‡Q, GZ mva Av‡Q, cÖvY n‡q Av‡Q †fvi|
K. Avs‡ivLv A_© Kx? 1 K. nv‡Zg Avwji evjëÜy †K? 1
L. ÔAvgiv PvB gy» †PvLÕ eywS‡q †jL| 2 L. ÔG K…ZÁZvi †ZR †bkvi g‡ZvÕ e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ ÔSY©vi MvbÕ KweZvi mv`„k¨c~Y© w`KwU Dc¯’vcb Ki| 3 M. DÏxc‡Ki PvwiwÎK êwkó¨¸‡jv †h PwiÎ‡K Bw½Z K‡i Zvi ¯îƒc
N. DÏxc‡Ki eY©bv ÔSY©vi MvbÕ KweZvq mnagx© n‡jI cy‡ivcywi GKK eY©bv Ki| 3
bq we‡kølY Ki| 4 N. DÏxc‡Ki AbywjøwLZ PwiÎB Rxebhy‡× Rq n‡q behy‡Mi m~Pbvi
6  †i‡Lv, gv, `v‡m‡i g‡b, G wgbwZ Kwi c‡`| c‡_ cv evovq gšÍe¨wU we‡kølY Ki| 4
mvwa‡Z g‡bi mva, 11  †Zvgvi AvR hv Av‡Q
N‡U hw` cigv`, Kvj Zv Ab¨ KviI wQj
gaynxb K‡iv bv †Mv Ze gbt‡KvKb‡`| ciï †mUv Ab¨ Kv‡iv n‡q hv‡e
cÖev‡m, ˆ`‡ei e‡k, cwieZ©bB msmv‡ii wbqg|
Rxe Zviv hw` L‡m
G †`n AvKvk n‡Z, bvwn †L` Zv‡n| K. ewncx‡ii evwo †Kvb †Rjvq? 1
K. gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `‡Ëi Agi KxwZ© †KvbwU? 1 L. ÔwKš‘ `yt‡L eyK wbðq †d‡U hv‡”QÕ †K, †Kb K_vwU e‡jwQj? 2
L. ÔjvB‡Q †h Ze bvg e‡½i m½x‡ZÕ Dw³wU e¨vL¨v Ki| 2 M. ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki Kvi PvwiwÎK êwk‡óï mv‡_ DÏxc‡Ki fvewU
M. DÏxc‡K †h wgbwZi K_v G‡m‡Q Zv ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvi †Kvb mv`„k¨c~Y© e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
w`KwU Zz‡j a‡i‡Q? e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 N. ÔcwieZ©bB msmv‡ii wbqgÕ DÏxcK I ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki Av‡jv‡K
N. DÏxcK I ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvi g~jfve GKB h_v_©Zv g~j¨vqb Ki| 4 gšÍe¨wU h_v_©Zv g~j¨vqb Ki| 4

K AskM`¨ K. wK‡kvi †Q‡jwUi eÜyi bvg Kx? 1
1  wkÿK IqvwKj Avn‡g` g‡b K‡ib, wkÿK Qvov D”P wkÿv AR©‡bi L. ÔAuvav‡ii mv‡_ eywSqv Zvnvi dziv‡q G‡m‡Q †ZjÕÑ Dw³wU Øviv
†Kv‡bv c_ †bB| cÖ‡Z¨K wkÿv_x©‡K wkÿ‡Ki Øvi¯’ n‡Z nq| wkÿKB Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? 2
Zv‡ì cÖK…Z wkÿv w`‡q _v‡Kb| wKš‘ wkÿvwe` Lwjj nvq`vi g‡b M. DÏxc‡Ki ivwd evevi g‡a¨ ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvi †Kvb w`KwU
K‡ib wkÿv AR©‡b wkÿ‡Ki `vi¯’ n‡Z n‡jI wkÿv_x©‡K wkÿv AR©‡b dz‡U D‡V‡QÑ e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
wb‡R‡KI †Póv Ki‡Z n‡e| wbR †Póvi ØvivB cÖK…Z wkÿv AR©b Kiv N. ÔwcZv-gvZvi †mœn Ag~j¨ÕÑ DÏxcK I ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvi
m¤¢e| wkÿK wkÿv_x©i Ávbiv‡Rï Øvi D‡š§vPb Ki‡Z cv‡i gvÎ| Av‡jv‡K Dw³wUi h_v_©Zv wbiƒcY Ki| 4
K. AvR‡Ki evRv‡i Kv‡ì Afve †bB? 1 7  evZv‡m jv‡ki MÜ fv‡m,
L. kL K‡i †KD eB co‡j Zv‡K Avgiv wb®‹g©vi `‡j †d‡j w`B †Kb? 2 gvwU‡Z †j‡M Av‡Q i‡³i `vM|
M. DÏxc‡K IqvwKj Avn‡g‡ì gZvgZ ÔeB covÕ cÖe‡Üi †Kvb GB i³gvLv gvwUi jjvU Qzu‡q GKw`b hviv eyK †eu‡awQj,
Dw³i wecixZagx©? e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 RxY© Rxe‡bi cyu‡R Zviv Lyu‡R †bq wbwl× Auvavi|
N. ÒDÏxc‡Ki wkÿvwe` Lwjj nvq`v‡ii e³e¨ ÔeB covÕ cÖe‡Üi †jL‡Ki AvR Zviv Av‡jvnxb LvPv fv‡jv‡e‡m †R‡M _v‡K ivwÎi ¸nvq|
e³e¨‡KB D™¢vwmZ K‡iÓÑ gšÍe¨wUi h_v_©Zv we‡kølY Ki| 4 K. kvnevRcy‡ii †Rvqvb K…l‡Ki bvg Kx? 1
2  gvby‡l gvby‡l RvwZ‡Z RvwZ‡Z GB †h †f‡ì cÖvPxi mn¯ªvwaK el© gv_v L. Avi KZevi †`L‡Z n‡e LvÐe`vnb? ej‡Z Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? 2
DuPz K‡i ùvwo‡q gvby‡li Ávb, †cŠiæl I AvZ¥m¤§vb‡K bxie wa°vi M. DÏxcKwU Ô†Zvgv‡K cvIqvi Rb¨, †n ¯^vaxbZvÕ KweZvi mv‡_
w`w”Qj, Bmjv‡gi cqM¤î nhiZ (mv.) G‡m Zv‡K wb`viæYfv‡e f‚wgmvr Kxfv‡e mv`„k¨c~Y©? e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
K‡i w`‡jb| wZwb D`viK‡É †NvlYv Ki‡jb : †f` bvB, †f` bvB, gvby‡l N. ÒDÏxc‡Ki g~jfve Ges Ô†Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨, †n ¯^vaxbZvÕ
gvby‡l †f` bvB| Abvi‡ei Avi‡ei Ici Avi‡ei †Kv‡bv †kÖôZ¡ bvB, KweZvi g~jfve cy‡ivcywi GK bq|ÓÑ we‡kølY Ki| 4
Avi‡ei Dci Abvi‡ei †Kv‡bv †kÖôZ¡ bvB, me gvby‡li Avw`wcZv Av`‡gi
mšÍvb Avi Av`g gvwU‡Z ˆZwi| AZGe KviI Mwe©Z nIqvi wKQz †bB| M AskDcb¨vm
K. †gvnv¤§` Iqv‡R` Avjxi MÖv‡gi bvg Kx? 1 8  e½eÜy †Zv e‡jB w`‡q‡Qb, i³ hLb w`‡qwQ cÖ‡qvRb n‡j i³ Av‡iv
L. nhiZ Ig‡ii A½ gvwU‡Z jyUv‡jv †Kb? 2 wè| †`‡ki gvbyl‡K gy³ K‡i Qvo‡ev BbkvAvjøvn| e½eÜyi mvZB
M. nhiZ gyn¤§` (m.)-Gi †Kvb êwkó¨wU DÏxc‡K dz‡U D‡V‡Q? gv‡P©i KÉ¯î GKevi Zv †h evOvwji Kv‡b †M‡Q Rxe‡bi g‡Zv †m n‡q
e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 †M‡Q Ab¨ gvbyl| ..... mvZB gv‡P©i †im‡Kvm© gv‡V GLb wd‡i †h‡Z
N. DÏxcKwU Ôgvbyl gyn¤§` (m.)Õ cÖ‡eÜi mgMÖ bq, AvswkKfve‡K B‡”Q K‡i| e½eÜyi wb‡`©k‡K RMg‡š¿i g‡Zv mvivÿY g‡bi g‡a¨
aviY K‡i‡QÑ we‡kølY Ki| 4 RvMÖZ †i‡L K‡g©i c_ †e‡Q wb‡Z n‡e|
3  gvbyl weavZvi m„wó n‡jI wb‡R‡K †kÖô K‡i M‡o †Zvjvi `vwqZ¡ Zvi K. KzwšÍ †K? 1
wb‡Ri| cïi †hfv‡e Rš§, †mfv‡eB Zvi g„Zz¨| wKš‘ gvbyl Zvi †Póv I L. `ytL‡K eyav wns¯ª kKz‡bi g‡Zv we‡ePbv K‡i †Kb? 2
mvabvi Øviv wb‡R‡K wKQzUv cwieZ©b K‡i †bq| wb‡R‡K cÖK…Z gvbyl M. ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi †Kvb NUbvwU DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ m¤úK©h³ y
wn‡m‡e M‡o †ZvjvB Zvi cÖ_g I cÖavb `vwqZ¡| Avi wb‡R‡K Dchy³ Zv wb‡`©k Ki| 3
K‡i M‡o †Zvjvi †kÖô c×wZ n‡jv wkÿv| cÖK…Z wkÿvB gvby‡li Kv‡Q N. ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi eyavi msMÖvg DÏxc‡Ki fvl‡Yi cieZx©
Ô†jv‡f cvc, cv‡c g„Zz¨Õ cÖev`wUi mZ¨Zv ¯úó K‡i †Zv‡j| iƒc| ¯^xKvi Ki Kx? †Zv g‡Zi c‡ÿ hyw³ †`LvI| 4
K. cÖe‡Üi cÖavb evnb Kx? 1 9  GK `viæY mvnmx wQj 1971| mvn‡m I msMÖv‡g, jÿ¨ AR©‡b `„p msKí
L. Kviv iæ× AvnviZ…ß gvby‡li g~j¨ KZUzKz? G Øviv cÖvewÜK Kx
†evSv‡Z †P‡q‡Qb? 2 Avi wekvj AvZ¥Z¨v‡M cy‡iv evOvwj RvwZB wQj wek¦e¨vcx msev`
M. DÏxc‡K Ôwkÿv I gbyl¨Z¡Õ cÖe‡Üi †Kvb w`KwUi mg_©b K‡i? wk‡ivbvg| G c_ †cwi‡qB Avgv‡ì AvR‡Ki †MŠie`xß evsjv‡`k| G
Dc¯’vcb Ki| 3 Avgv‡ì eo AnsKvi|
N. ÒcÖK…Z wkÿvB gvby‡li Kv‡Q Ô†jv‡f cvc, cv‡c g„Zz¨Ó cÖev`wUi K. ÔPÿzÕ k‡ãi A_© Kx? 1
mZ¨Zv ¯úó K‡i †Zv‡j|Ó Ôwkÿv I gbyl¨Z¡Õ cÖe‡Üi Av‡jv‡K L. ÔGB w`b hvc‡b †Kvb Kó †bBÕÑ †Kb? 2
Dw³wU we‡kølY Ki| 4 M. DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi eyav PwiÎwUi e¨vL¨v
4  cqjv êkv‡Li wØZxq eo Abyôvb n‡jv nvjLvZv| G w`‡b eëmvqxiv Ki| 3
Zv‡ì †`vKvb¸‡jv‡K my›ì K‡i jvj, bxj KvMR w`‡q mvRvq| RvZ- N. ÔG c_ †cwi‡qB Avgv‡ì AvR‡Ki †MŠie`xß evsjv‡`kÕÑ
ag©-wbwe©‡k‡l mK‡jB G Drm‡e †hvM †`q| ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi Av‡jv‡K H c‡_i ¯îƒc we‡kølY Ki| 4
K. Kexi †PŠayix KZ mv‡j D”P gva¨wgK cvm K‡ib? 1
L. Ôcqjv êkvL‡K G Ae¯’v †_‡K D×vi Kiv cÖ‡qvRbÕÑ †Kb? N AskbvUK
GK_v ejv n‡q‡Q? 2 10  wbZzi eqm c‡b‡iv| Zvi we‡qi Rb¨ evev cÂv‡kvaŸ© GK abvX¨ cvÎ
M. DÏxc‡K Ôcqjv êkvLÕ cÖe‡Üi †h w`KwU dz‡U D‡V‡Q Zv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 wVK K‡i‡Q| G we‡q‡Z wbZzi gZ †bB| wKš‘ evevi mvg‡b cÖwZev`
N. Ôcqjv êkvL ïay GKwU Abyôvb bq, Gi ga¨ w`‡q cÖKvwkZ nq Kivi g‡Zv kw³ †bB Zvi, †m ïay Kuv‡`|
evOvwji AvwZ‡_qZv|ÕÑ K_vwUi Zvrch© we‡kølY Ki| 4 K. nv‡Zg Avwji Rwg`vwi †Kv_vq wQj? 1
L AskKweZv L. cxi mv‡ne‡K ewncxi ejvi KviY Kx? 2
5  iv‡Z hw` m~h©‡jv‡K S‡i AkÖæ aviv M. DÏxc‡Ki wbZzi mv‡_ ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki †Kvb Pwi‡Îi mv`„k¨
m~h© bvwn †d‡i Kfz e¨_© nq Zviv| i‡q‡Q? e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
mg‡qi g~j¨ ey‡S K‡i hviv KvR N. ÔwbZz Zv‡niv‡K cÖwZwbwaZ¡ Ki‡Q|ÕÑ we‡kølY Ki| 4
Zuviv AvR ¯§iYxq RM‡Zi gvS| 11  gvbevwaKv‡ii cZvKvevnx cwðgv wek¦ Z…Zxq we‡k¦i †`k¸‡jv‡Z †Kvb
K. Ôe„ÎmsnviÕ Kx RvZxq iPbv? 1
L. ÔRxevZ¥v AwbZ¨ bqÕÑ †Kb? eywS‡q wjL| 2 g„Zz¨`Ð Kvh©Ki n‡Z †`L‡jB ˆn-ˆn-î-î wPrKv‡i Pviw`K cÖKw¤úZ
M. DÏxc‡K ÔRxeb-m½xZÕ KweZvi †Kvb fvewU cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q Zv K‡i †Zv‡j| Zv‡ì †`‡k g„Zz¨`Ð AcÖPwjZ, wKš‘ Ab¨vb¨ †`‡k cÖPwjZ
e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 G weavb‡K Zviv gvbeZvi j•Nb I wech©q N‡U †h, Zvi e¨vcv‡i Ime
N. ÔRM‡Zi gv‡S ¯§iYxq n‡Z n‡j cÖvZt¯§iYxq‡ì AbymiY †`k eo AvMÖnx Zviv `viæY AvMÖnx bvbv gvbe weaŸsmx gviYv¯¿ ˆZwi I
Ki‡Z n‡e, AbyKiY bqÕÑ Dw³wUi mc‡ÿ hyw³ `vI DÏxcK I mieiv‡n|
ÔRxeb-m½xZÕ KweZvi Av‡jv‡K| 4 K. m~h©v¯Í AvBb cÖYxZ nq KZ mv‡j? 1
6  cwÎKv, MYgva¨g Avi mvgvwRK †hvMv‡hvM gva¨‡g Avwg ivwdi K_v L. Ô†Rvi Ryjyg Kwiqv cvMjv nvwZ‡KI ek Kiv hvqÓÑ cx‡ii
†R‡bwQ| gv-evevi ey‡Ki gvwbK me †Póv Avi cÖv_©bv e¨_© K‡i †mw`b GK_v ejvi KviY Kx? 2
P‡j †Mj, †mw`b Ii evev wPrKvi K‡i e‡jwQj, I GMv‡iv w`b M. DÏxc‡Ki fvebvi mv‡_ Zv‡nivi e³e¨ fvebvi mv`„k¨ eywS‡q †jL| 3
nvmcvZv‡ji weQvbvq ï‡q GK‡duvUv cvwbi Rb¨ QUdU K‡iwQj| w`‡Z N. ÒDÏxcK I ÔewncxiÕ bvUK Dfq †ÿ‡ÎB gvby‡li ¯^we‡ivax
cvwiwb| GLb Avwg †Kgb K‡i cvwb Lve|
AvPiY dz‡U D‡V‡QÓÑ h_v_©Zv g~j¨vqb Ki| 4

K AskM`¨ K. ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvq †Q‡j gv‡K Xu¨v‡ci †gvqv ivL‡Z e‡j‡Q
1  NUbv-1 : `xN©w`b a‡iB n„`‡iv‡M fzM‡Qb wiKkvPvjK Kwig| gv‡S gv‡S †Kv_vq? 1
GK KweivR †_‡K Ilya wK‡b †L‡Zb| MZ kwbevi Zvi cÖPÐ eyK e¨_v ïiæ L. gv ûZz‡gi WvK‡K gi‡Yi `~Z †f‡e‡Qb †Kb? 2
nq Ges UvKvi Afv‡e webv wPwKrmvq Zvi g„Zz¨ nq| Zvi †Q‡j wfÿv K‡i M. DÏxc‡K ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvi †Kvb w`KwU dz‡U D‡V‡Q? e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
UvKv †RvMvo K‡i A‡bK K‡ó Zv‡K Kei †Ìqvi eë¯’v K‡i| N. ÒDÏxc‡K ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvi fvee¯‘ mvgvb¨B aiv c‡o‡QÓ|
NUbv-2 : `xN©w`b a‡iB n„`‡iv‡M fzM‡Qb nvwdR mv‡ne| gv‡S gv‡S Dw³wUi h_v_©Zv g~j¨vqb Ki| 4
A‡bK UvKv LiP K‡i nvmcvZv‡j kixi †PKAvc Kiv‡Zb| MZ kwbevi 7  Ajf¨ R‡qi †jv‡f, R¡vjvq kni, MÖv‡g MÖv‡g
Zvi cÖPÐ eyK e¨_v DV‡j Zv‡K nvmcvZv‡j fwZ© Kiv nq Ges c‡ii cÖvPxb msnwZ †f‡O fMœ¯Í‚‡c `~‡ii DjøyK
w`b wZwb gviv hvb| Zvi †Q‡j Zvi Ke‡ii Rb¨ Avjv`v RvqMv wK‡b euv‡a †Kjøv, (cvi‡e bv, cvi‡e bv) cvcvkÖqx ciRxex
wekvj Av‡qvRb K‡i Zv‡K mgvwa¯’ K‡i|
hZB jyÉb K‡i km¨ cvU cY¨, N‡i N‡i
K. VvKzi`vm gnvk‡qi ¯¿x‡K AfvMx Kx e‡j m‡¤^vab K‡iwQj? 1
L. KvOvjx‡K †Kb Zvi gv‡qi †Kv‡j e‡m †Ljvayjvi mva †gUv‡Z nq? 2 Qvovq Av‡gi †kvK, ag©bvk nZ¨vi Qvqvq
M. NUbv-1 Gi mv‡_ ÔAfvMxi ¯^M©Õ M‡íi †Kvb cÖm‡½i wgj cvIqv †N‡i AvZ© M„n¯’vwj, PZz¸©Y wn›`y gymjgvb
hvq? e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 evsjvi evOvwj ZZ Rv‡b Rš§g„Zzï eÜ‡b Awfbœ Avcb mËv|
N. NUbv-1 I NUbv-2 G †h cv_©K¨ jÿ Kiv hvq Zv‡Z ÔAfvMxi K. AvK…wZ‡Z evOvwjiv †Kgb? 1
¯^M©Õ M‡íi g~jfve Dc¯’vwcZ n‡q‡Q wK? hyw³c~Y© gZvgZ `vI| 4 L. ÔN„Yvi KvZz©RÕ ej‡Z Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? 2
2  Rvgvb mv‡ne Av`k©ev`x ivRbxwZK| MYgvby‡li AwaKvi Av`v‡qi M. DÏxc‡K Ômvnmx Rbbx evsjvÕ KweZvi †Kvb fvewU dz‡U D‡V‡Q?
`vwe‡Z we‡ivax cÿ KZ…©K wZwb evi evi wbh©vwZZ nb| wKš‘ MZ e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
wbe©vP‡b weRqx n‡qB wZwb †NvlYv K‡ib, Avcbviv mevB Avgvi fvB| N. Òmvnmx Rbbx evsjvÕ KweZvi c~Y©fve DÏxc‡K aiv c‡owb,Ó
Avmyb Avgiv AZx‡Z mKj kÎæZv fz‡j Kuv‡a Kuva wgwj‡q KvR Kwi| K_vwUi mZ¨Zv hvPvB Ki| 4
†`kUv‡K my›ì K‡i M‡o Zzwj| M AskDcb¨vm
K. nhiZ gyn¤§` (m.) gvby‡li gb AvKl©Y K‡iwQ‡jb Kx Øviv? 1 8  myg‡bi gv‡qi msmv‡i nVvr AÜKvi †b‡g G‡m‡Q| G evwoi GKgvÎ
L. nhiZ Igi (iv.)-Gi wkw_j A½ gvwU‡Z jyUv‡jv †Kb? 2 †Q‡j‡K mš¿vmxiv nZ¨v K‡i‡Q| †mvnv‡Mi msmv‡i †KD †bB| myg‡bi gv
M. DÏxc‡Ki Rvgvb mv‡n‡ei Pwi‡Î Ôgvbyl gyn¤§` (m.)Õ cÖe‡Üi †mvnvM‡K e‡j, ZzB _vK‡j †Zvi gvgvi `ytL-†kvK Kg‡e| mygb! mygb!
nhiZ gyn¤§` (m.)-Gi †Kvb ¸YwU dz‡U D‡V‡Q? e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 K‡i KvbœvKvwU Ki‡e bv, AvwgI myg‡bi †kvK fzj‡Z cvie| ZviciI
N. ÒnhiZ gyn¤§` (m.)-Gi gnvb †bZ…‡Z¡i Av`k© Rvgvb mv‡ne‡K †`k‡cÖ‡g †mvnvM _v‡K bv|
DØy× K‡iÓ Ôgvbyl gyn¤§` (m.)Õ cÖe‡Üi Av‡jv‡K gZvgZ `vI| 4
3  we‡`ªvnx iYK¬všÍ, Avwg †mBw`b ne kvšÍ K. wgwjUvwii ¸wj‡Z MÖv‡g cÖ_g †K gviv hvq? 1
h‡e Drcxwo‡Zi µ›`b †ivj, AvKv‡k evZv‡m aŸwb‡e bv L. Òhy‡×i mgq KZ R¡vjv †h mB‡Z nq,Ó e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
AZ¨vPvixi LoM K…cvY fxg iYf‚‡g iwY‡e bv| M. DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi m¤úK© wbY©q Ki| 3
K. gnvZ¥v MvÜxi w`‡K Kviv nvnv K‡i Qy‡U wQj? 1 N. DÏxcKwU ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi mgMÖ fve aviY K‡i Kx?
L. Ô†`wL‡e wek¦ †Zvgv‡K bg¯‹vi Kwi‡eÕ †Kgb K‡i? e¨vL¨v `vI| 2 †hŠw³K gZvgZ `vI| 4
M. DÏxc‡Ki KweZvs‡k ÔD‡cwÿZ kw³i D‡ØvabÕ cÖe‡Üi 9  Acivax‡ì aivi Rb¨ †Mv‡q›`v cywjk‡ì A‡bK iKg cš’v Aej¤^b
cÖwZdwjZ w`KwU e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 Ki‡Z nq| †hgb gv`K †PvivPvjvbKvix P‡µi mÜvb I Zv‡ì nv‡Z
N. Ôe³‡eï mv`„k¨ _vK‡jI DÏxc‡Ki we‡`ªvnx g~wZ© ÔD‡cwÿZ bv‡Z ai‡Z A‡bK mgq Zviv gv`K`ªe¨ †µZvi f‚wgKvq Awfbq K‡ib|
kw³i D‡ØvabÕ cÖe‡Ü A‡bKUvB Abycw¯’ZÕ Dw³wU KZUzKz K. eyav Kvi Kv‡Q MYKei m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z PvBj? 1
mg_©b‡hvM¨? †Zvgvi gZvgZ `vI| 4 L. Kx Kvi‡Y eyavi g‡b nq KzwšÍ eo n‡q‡Q? 2
4  mËi eQ‡ii e„×v ivby‡eMg d¨vj d¨vj K‡i †P‡q Av‡Q ÿZ-weÿZ, M. DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi mv`„k¨c~Y© w`K Zz‡j ai| 3
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cv‡iwb| ZvB cvwj‡q †m kn‡i P‡j hvq Ges GKwU Mv‡g©›U‡m KvR
L. ÒPigcÎÓ ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2 wb‡q AvZ¥wbf©ikxj n‡q I‡V|
M. DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ ÔGKvË‡ii w`b¸wjÕi mv`„k¨-êmv`„k¨ e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 K. ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki †kl msjvcwU Kvi? 1
N. ÔGKvË‡ii w`b¸wjÕi †jwLKvi wcÖqRb‡ì nviv‡bvi cwiw¯’wZ L. ÔGgb †g‡qI Kv‡iv †c‡U Rš§vq RvbZvg bvÓ K_vwU ejvi
DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ GKB m~‡Î Mvu_v we‡kølY Ki| 4 KviY Kx? 2
L Ask KweZv M. DÏxc‡K ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki †h w`KwU cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
5  bvbvb †`‡ki bvbvb fvlv N. ÒDÏxc‡Ki Avqkv Ges ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki Zv‡niv cy‡ivcywi GK
iKg bqÓ gšÍe¨wU we‡kølY Ki| 4
we‡b ¯^‡`kx fvlv wg‡U wK Avkv? 11  b`xi GK‚j fv‡O IK‚j M‡o
K‡Zv b`x m‡ive‡i Kx ev dj PvZKxi GB †Zv f‡ei †Ljv
avivRj we‡b Kfz Ny‡P wK Z…lv? mKvj †ejvi Avwgi †i ZzB
K. ÒnvwejvlÓ A_© Kx? 1 dwKi mÜ¨v †ejv|
L. Ò†mB evK¨ ey‡S cÖfz Av‡c wbiÄbÓ ej‡Z Kwe Kx eywS‡q‡Qb? 2 K. m~h©v¯Í AvBb KZ mv‡j cÖYxZ nq? 1
L. Òwe‡q n‡jv ZKw`‡ii K_vÓ e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
M. DÏxc‡K Ôe½evYxÕ KweZvi †Kvb w`KwU cÖwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q?
M. DÏxc‡Ki e³‡eï cÖwZdwjZ w`K ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki †Kvb
eywS‡q †jL| 3 Pwi‡Î †`Lv hvq? e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. DÏxcKwU Ôe½evYxÕ KweZvi g~j myi‡K †ck K‡i‡Q wK? †Zvgvi N. ÒDÏxcKwU ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki h_v_© cÖwZ”Qwe bqÓ gšÍe¨wU
gZvg‡Zi c‡ÿ hyw³ `vI| 4 g~j¨vqb Ki| 4

K AskM`¨ K. ÔAf¨vMZÕ k‡ãi A_© Kx? 1
1  MÖv‡gi bvg b›`xcyi, GLv‡b cÖv_wgK we`¨vjq I gva¨wgK we`¨vjq L. Avwg Zvi wPi‡Pbv ¯^Rb GKRb Kwe G K_v e‡j‡Qb †Kb? 2
`ywUB Av‡Q| bZzb eQ‡ii ïiæ‡Z †`Lv hvq QvÎ-QvÎxiv cov †kvbvi M. DÏxc‡Ki I Avwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bB KweZvi †h cÖK…wZ
cÖwZ LyeB AvMÖnx n‡q D‡V‡Q| Gi KviY we`¨vjq mg„× jvB‡eªwi cwiPq cvIqv hvq Zv‡ì mv`„k¨ I êmv`„k¨ Av‡jvPbv Ki| 3
¯’vcb Kiv n‡q‡Q| Gi d‡j mevB cvVëB Qvov cÖPzi eB covi N. Dfq †ÿ‡Î ¯^‡`‡ki cÖwZ ggZ¡‡eva cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q KweZv
I DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K Dw³wUi gZvgZ we‡kølY Ki| 4
my‡hvM cv‡”Q| w`b w`b mevi cov‡kvbvi DbœwZ n‡”Q †`‡L cÖavb 7  Avwg evsjvi Mvb MvB
wkÿK evnv`yi mv‡ne †ek Lywk| Avwg Avgvi Avwg‡K wPiw`b
K. Ô†`‡ni g„Zzï †iwR÷ªvwi ivLv nqÕ  Kvi nq bv? 1 GB evsjvq Luy‡R cvB|
L. †h RvwZ hZ wbivb›` †m RvwZ ZZ wbR©xe e¨vL¨v Ki| 2 Avwg evsjvq †`wL ¯^cœ
M. DÏxc‡K ÔeBcovÕ cÖe‡Üi †Kvb w`KwU dz‡U D‡V‡Q? e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 Avwg evsjvi euvwa myi
N. jvB‡eªwi gvby‡li Rb¨ mydj e‡q Av‡b DÏxcK Ges eBcov Avwg GB evsjvq gvqv fiv c‡_
cÖe‡Üi Av‡jv‡K we‡kølY Ki| 4 †nu‡UwQ GZUv `~i|
2  mKv‡j Nyg †_‡K D‡VB iægv I mygv e¨wZe¨¯Í n‡q c‡o êkvLx K. evOvwj RvwZi exR gš¿wU Kx? 1
Abyôv‡b hvIqvi Rb¨| eQ‡ii G w`bwU Zvi Kv‡Q we‡klfv‡e wcÖq| L. ÒAvwg †h, G‡mwQ Rq evsjvi eRªKÉ †_‡KÓ ej‡Z Kx
eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q? 2
GUv n‡jv GKgvÎ Abyôvb| †mLv‡b wM‡q †m †`‡L, Zvi bvbv M. ÒDÏxcKwUi g~j e³e¨ †Kvb w`K w`‡q Avgvi cwiPq
ag©©xej¤^x eÜyiv mevB wg‡j mgvbfv‡e Avb‡›` †g‡Z D‡V‡Q| GLv‡b KweZvi m‡½ mv`„k¨c~Y © e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
†m mwZ¨Kv‡i Dcjwä K‡i evsjv gymwjg, evsjv †eŠ×, evsjv N. Ô†nu‡UwQ GZUv `~iÕ DÏxc‡Ki G Dw³wU ÔAvgvi cwiPqÕ
wLª÷vb, Avgiv mevB evOvwj| KweZvi Av‡jv‡K g~j¨vqb Ki| 4
K. kwfwbw÷K kãUvi A_© Kx? 1 M AskDcb¨vm
L. cqjv êkv‡Li HwZn¨ mycÖvPxb I †MŠiegwÐZ †Kb? e¨vL¨v Ki| 2 8  †mv‡nj 26 eQ‡ii UMe‡M hyeK| Zvi Rxe‡bi jÿ¨ ˆmwbK nIqv|
M. DÏxc‡Ki m‡½ Ôcqjv êkvLÕ cÖe‡Üi mv`„k¨ Av‡Q wK? †KD hw` Zv‡K wRÁvmv K‡i †Kb †m ˆmwbK n‡Z Pvq? ZLb †m
e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 Reve †`q ÒG‡`k‡K ¯^vaxb Kivi Rb¨ jv‡Lv ˆmwbK Rxeb
N. iægv I mygv Dcjwä I Ôcqjv êkvLÕ cÖe‡Ü cÖwZdwjZ w`‡q‡Qb| †`k iÿvi GB gnvb eªZ‡K Avwg Av`k© wn‡m‡e wb‡qwQ|
†PZbv GK m~‡Î Muv_v| Dw³wUi h_v_©Zv we‡kølY Ki| 4 †`k‡K kÎægy³ I †`‡ki fveg~wZ© wek¦ ìev‡i mgy¾¡j ivL‡Z Avwg
3  ÔAmnvq RvwZ gwi‡Q Wzweqv, Rv‡bbv mšÍiY, ˆmwb‡Ki †ckv‡K †e‡Q wb‡Z PvBÓ|
KvÐvix! AvR †`wLe †Zvgvi gvZ…gyw³cY! K. Kviv cÖvZt¯§iYxq n‡q‡Qb? 1
L. ÒAvqy †hb ˆkev‡ji bxiÓ ej‡Z Kwe Kx eywS‡q‡Qb? 2
Ôwn›`y bv Iiv gymwjgÕ IB wRÁv‡m †Kvb& Rb? M. Rxeb m½xZ KweZvi e³‡eï mv‡_ DÏxc‡Ki †mv‡n‡ji
KvÐvix! ej, Wzwe‡Q, gvbyl, mšÍvb †gvi gvÕi| msKí Zzjbv Ki| 3
K. ÔD‡cwÿZ kw³i D‡ØvabÕ cÖeÜwU †Kvb cUf‚wg‡Z †jLv? 1 N. DÏxcKwU ÔRxeb m½xZÕ KweZvi g~j fve‡K Av‡jvwKZ
L. wek¦ KLb Avgv‡ì bg¯‹vi Rvbv‡e? 2 K‡i‡Q e³e¨wU we‡kølY Ki| 4
M. DÏxc‡K ÔD‡cwÿZ kw³i D‡ØvabÕ cÖe‡Üi †Kvb w`KwU 9  K‡qK gvm c‡i Muv‡q wgwjUvwi Av‡m| Amxg kni †_‡K Avmv
cÖwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 †Q‡j‡ì Kv‡Q ivB‡dj Pvjv‡bv wk‡L †bq| Zvici M‡o †Zv‡j
N. DÏxcK I ÔD‡cwÿZ kw³i D‡ØvabÕ cÖe‡Üi Av‡jv‡K gyw³evwnbx| b`xi av‡iB evRvi| †mw`b evRv‡i †M‡j cvwK¯Ívwb
D‡cwÿZ kw³i ¯îƒc we‡kølY Ki| 4 wgwjUvwii mvg‡b c‡o hvq Amxg| Iiv ¸wj Qyo‡Z Qyo‡Z Av‡m|
4  kn‡ii GK abvX¨ e¨w³i evwo‡Z KvR K‡i gwbqv| H evwoi GKwU ey‡jU G‡m jv‡M Amx‡gi ey‡K| i‡³ †f‡m hvq gvwU| c‡o
M„nKÎx KZ…©K cÖPÐ wbh©vZ‡bi wkKvi n‡q nvmcvZv‡j fwZ© nq _v‡K jvk| Amx‡gi i‡³ G‡m‡Q cZvKv|
mwbqv| cÖPÐ Amy¯’ †g‡qwU‡K gvbwmK I kvixwiK wbh©vZ‡bi K. ÔGBme cÖRvcwZ Zvi Rb¨Õ Dw³wU †K K‡iwQj? 1
L. wgVzi gv eyav‡K gay e‡j WvK‡Z Pvq †Kb? 2
cvkvcvwk Mig †jvnvi iW w`‡q cywo‡q †Ìqv nq mviv kixi| M. ÒDÏxcKwUi †Kvb fve KvKZvo–qvÓ M‡íi mv‡_ mv`„k¨c~Y,©
K. ggZvw` MíwU †Kvb MÖš’ †_‡K †bIqv n‡q‡Q? 1 e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
L. ggZvw`‡K Qvqvgqx gvbex †Kb ejv n‡q‡Q? 2 N. Amxg I gayi g„Zz¨ †hb i³v³ cZvKvi †kÖô AR©b gšÍe¨wU
M. DÏxc‡Ki †cÖÿvc‡U ÔggZvw`Õ M‡íi wfbœZvi w`KwU e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 we‡kølY Ki| 4
N. ggZvw` M‡íi M„nKÎ©xi g‡Zv DÏxc‡Ki M„nKÎ©xi AvPiY N AskbvUK
n‡j Avgv‡ì mgvR A‡bK my›ì n‡Zv K_vwU ggZvw` 10  Avwg GK gyw³‡hv×v, g„Zz¨ wcQ‡b Av‡M,
M‡íi Av‡jv‡K we‡kølY Ki| 4 fqvj wekvj bLi †gwjqv wèm iRbx Rv‡M|
L AskKweZv KL‡bv †m Z¡‡i ag© †jevm cwðg n‡Z †Kbv|
5  fvOvMov RM‡Zi wbqg| fvOvMovi GB †Ljvi cÖK…wZi ¯^vfvweK K. A‡Zv fve‡j wK †KD cvjv‡Z cv‡i? Dw³wU Kvi? 1
MwZ I gvby‡li Rxeb †_‡g _v‡K bv| wewPÎ weeZ©‡bi g‡aÏ L. Ôhy× QvovI giY Av‡QÕ e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
mewKQyi ¯^vfvweK MwZ eRvq _v‡K| M. DÏxc‡Ki †Kvb fvewU ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi mv‡_
K. RM‡Zi †Kvb wRwbmwUi g„Zz¨ †bB? 1 mv`„k¨c~Y?© e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. ÒDÏxc‡Ki gyw³‡hv×v Avi ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi eyav †hb
L. c„w_exi GBme Mí †eu‡P i‡e wPiKvj ej‡Z Kwe Kx GK I AwfbœÓ  Dw³wUi Zvrch© wbiƒcY Ki| 4
eywS‡q‡Qb? 2 11  ivbv I iæwe wcVvwcwV fvB‡evb| ivbv ¯‹z‡j †M‡jI iæwei †m my‡hvM
M. DÏxc‡Ki fv‡ei mv‡_ Ô†mBw`b GB gvVÕ KweZvi fv‡ei Kx †bB| iæwe Zvi gv‡K covi K_v ej‡jI †g‡q‡ì N‡ii Kv‡R
wgj i‡q‡Q e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 mvnvh¨ KivB g~j `vwqZ¡ e‡j g‡b K‡ib Ii gv| iæwei gZvg‡Zi
N. gvby‡li g„Zz¨ Av‡Q wKš‘ †mŠ›`‡h©i I gvby‡li ¯^‡cœi g„Zz¨ †Kv‡bv g~j¨ †`q bv Ii cwievi|
†bB Dw³wUi we‡kølY Ki| 4 K. Zv‡niv‡K LyuR‡Z ewncxi me©cÖ_g †Kv_vq wM‡qwQ‡jb? 1
6  †Zvgvi †hLv‡b mva P‡j hvI Avwg GB evsjvi cv‡i i‡q hve, L. Ôcvwb‡Z Suvc w`‡q gi‡ev, Zey hv‡e bvÕ  Zv‡nivi Ggb
†`wLe KuvVvj cvZv Swi‡Z‡Q †fv‡ii evZv‡m, GK¸u‡qwgi KviY Kx? 2
†`wLe L‡qwi Wvbv kvwj‡Li mÜ¨vq wng n‡q Av‡m M. DÏxc‡Ki iæwei gvi mv‡_ ewncxi bvU‡Ki mv`„k¨c~Y© PwiÎwU
aej †jv‡i wb‡P Zvnvi njy` V¨vs Nv‡m AÜKv‡i e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
†b‡P P‡j GKevi `yBevi Zvici nVvr Zvnv‡i N. ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡K bvixi e¨w³MZ ¯^vaxbZv cÖm½wU †hfv‡e
e‡bi wnRj MvQ WvK w`‡q wb‡q hvq n„`‡qi cv‡k| G‡m‡Q Zv DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K we‡kølY Ki| 4
NCTB KZ‡ÆK cÉ`î P„ov¯¦ gvbe¥ŸGbi AvGjvGK gvÕ¡vi ÛÇBbvi

cÅvGbj KZ‡ÆK
‰ÝKÑzwmf gGWj ÛÕ¡ I Dîigvjv : eüwbeÆvPwb cÉYxZ
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó DË‡ii e„ËwU ej c‡q›U Kjg
Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †Ìqv hv‡e bv|]
1. Ô†h RvwZ g‡b eo bq, †m RvwZ Áv‡bI 9. ÔggZvw`Õ M‡í †jL‡Ki evwo‡Z KzUz‡giv 18. Ô†mBw`b GB gvV ¯Íä n‡e bv‡Kv RvwbÕ
eo bqÕ GwU Kvi Dw³? Kx Kx wgwó wb‡q G‡mwQj? GLv‡b ÔgvVÕ ej‡Z Kx †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q?
K †iv‡Kqv mvLvIqvZ †nv‡m‡bi K im‡Mvjøv I Kv‡jvRvg K cÖK…wZ L mf¨Zv M Hk¦h© N †mŠ›`h©
L †gvZv‡ni †nv‡mb †PŠayixi L m‡›`k I im‡Mvjøv 19. ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvq iæM&Y †Q‡j gv‡K Kx
M Rvnvbviv Bgv‡gi N cÖg_ †PŠayixi M imgvjvB m‡›`k hZb K‡i ivL‡Z e‡j‡Q?
2. ÔAfvMxi ¯^M©Õ M‡í kirP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq N KuvPv‡Mvjøv I PgPg K ûo–g L jvBU M †gvqv N cvUvwj
AZ¨šÍ ìw` fvlvq Dc¯’vcb K‡i‡Qb 10. ÔgvQ LvIqvB ev` w`‡qwQÕ ÔGKvË‡ii w`b¸wjÕ 20. Ô†h_vq †jv‡K Zz”Q wb‡q Zzó _v‡K fvBÕ GB
i. mvgšÍev‡ì wbg©g wPÎ iPbvq †jwLKv †Kb gvQ LvIqv ev` w`‡qwQ‡jb? Pi‡Yi mv‡_ fveMZ mv`„k¨ Av‡Q †Kvb Dw³i?
K A_©wPšÍvi wbM‡o mK‡j e›`x
ii. nZ`wi`ª gvby‡li `ytL Kó hš¿Yv K gv‡Qi cPb a‡iwQj e‡j
L Abœe‡¯¿i cÖvPz‡h©i †P‡q gyw³ eo
iii. DuPz †kÖwYi g„‡Zi Abvo¤î A‡šÍ¨wówµqv L b`x‡Z cÖPzi cPv jvk wQj e‡j
M A_©mvabvB Rxebmvabv bq
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M gv‡Q goK a‡iwQj e‡j
N †jdvdv`yiw¯Í Avi wkÿv GK K_v bq
K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii N gvQ LvIqv Ab¨vq e‡j 21. ÔAvwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bBÕ KweZvq Kwe
3. Kvi ¯§„wZ iÿv‡_© nReªZxiv mvdv-gviIqv 11. †Kvb RvZxq iPbvq †jL‡Ki cvwÐ‡Zï Ôwmœ» gvwUi myevmÕ ej‡Z Kx eywS‡q‡Qb?
†`Š‡o _v‡Kb? cwiPq gyL¨ n‡q †`Lv †`q? K myevwmZ I De©i gvwU L KvRj wgwkÖZ gvwU
K nhiZ BmivBj (Av.) K Dcb¨vm L KweZv M †Kvgj I myevwmZ MÖvgevsjv
L nhiZ Beivwng (Av.) M cÖeÜ N †QvUMí N gvqvex I AvKl©Yxq MÖvgevsjv
M wewe nv‡Riv (iv.) 12. gnvivRvi iæwPi cwiPq cvIqv hvq Kx †`‡L? 22. Ô†Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨, †n ¯^vaxbZvÕ KweZvq
N nhiZ Av‡kqv (iv.) K wewPÎ ai‡bi eB L evwoi bKkv †R‡jcvovi me‡P‡q mvnmx †jvKwU †K?
4. Ôevn&, Kx my›ì cvZv¸wjÕ evK¨wU‡Z M QvcvLvbv N †Rbv‡iUi K mMxi Avjx L †Kó `vm
wK‡mi cÖKvk N‡U‡Q? 13. ÔwKZve cwo‡Z hvi bvwnK Af¨vmÕ M iæ¯Íg †kL N gZje wgqv
K gvqvi L e¨‡½i GLv‡b Kv‡ì K_v ejv n‡q‡Q? 23. Ômevi Dc‡i gvbyl mZ¨Õ Zvnvi Dc‡i
M ¯‘wZi N gy»Zvi K AwkwÿZ †jvKRb L wkwÿZ †jvKRb bvBÕ GwU n‡jv evOvwji
5. gvbyl n‡q gvbyl‡K N„Yv Kiv wK‡mi ag© bq? M evsjvfvlvfvlx †jvKRb K †PZbv L HwZn¨ M g~jgš¿ N exRgš¿
K RM‡Zi L AvZ¥vi N mvaviY †jvKRb 24. Ômvnmx Rbbx evsjvÕ KweZvq †Kvb b`xi
M gvby‡li N gvbeZvi 14. ¯^‡`k‡cÖ‡gi Aby‡cÖiYvq Kwe †ngP›`ª D‡jøL i‡q‡Q?
e‡›`¨vcva¨vq †Kvb gnvKve¨wU iPbv K‡ib? K †gNbv L hgybv M eywoM½v N KY©dzwj
 DÏxcKwU c‡o 6 I 7 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : 25. ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡K ewY©Z So n‡qwQj KLb?
AvwRg mv‡ne miKvwi PvKwi K‡ib| K e„Îmsnvi L AvkvKvbb
K mÜ¨vq L we‡K‡j
†eZ‡bi UvKvq Zvi msmvi P‡j bv| ZvB M exievû N Qvqvgqx
M mKv‡j N †kl iv‡Z
A‰bwZKfv‡e AwZwi³ UvKv Avq K‡ib| 15. ÔwejvB Zvb Zij †køvKÕ Gi c‡ii PiY 26. ÔAvwg Gfv‡e UvKv wb‡Z cvie bv| hvq
hwÌ wek¦we`¨vj‡q covi mgq Zvi Ab¨ †KvbwU? hvK Rwg`vwi|Õ evK¨wU‡Z nv‡Zg Avwji
iKg ¯^cœ wQj| K wSjwgjvB w`Kwew`K& Kx cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q?
6. Ôwkÿv I gbyl¨Z¡Õ cÖe‡Üi †Kvb w`KwUi L P‡Kvi Pvq P›`ªgvq K K‚U‡KŠkj L gvbweK g~j¨‡eva
cÖfv‡e DÏxc‡Ki AvwRg mv‡ne A‰bwZK M Zvi †Luv‡RB weivg †bB M a~ZZ © v N ev¯Íe Ávb
KvR K‡ib? N Avgiv PvB gy» †PvL 27. ÔewncxiÕ bvUKwU gvbweK RvMi‡Yi
K gbyl¨Z¡‡eva L gvbweKZv  DÏxcKwU c‡o 16 I 17 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : K `„k¨Kve¨ L kÖe¨Kve¨
M ÿzrwccvmv N g~j¨‡eva me †jv‡K Kq jvjb Kx RvZ msmv‡i| jvjb M Kveïƒc N `xcvwj
7. DÏxc‡K Ôwkÿv I gbyl¨Z¡Õ cÖe‡Üi †Kvb Kq †R‡Zi Kxiƒc †`Ljvg bv G bR‡i| 28. ÁGLb †_‡K †Zv‡K Avwg ÔRq evsjvÕ e‡j
w`KwU Abycw¯’Z? 16. DÏxc‡Ki fvee¯‘i mv‡_ mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q WvKe|Ó GLv‡b Kv‡K WvKvi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q?
i. gyw³i ¯^v` ii. g~j¨‡eva wb‡Pi †Kvb Pi‡Yi? K dzjKwj‡K L KzwšÍ‡K
iii. A_©wPšÍv K wZwgi ivwÎ, c_ Ry‡o Zvi ÿzavi M ey av‡K N wgVz‡K
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? gvwbK R¡‡j 29. Ôgi‡Yi K_v g‡b Ki‡j hy× Kiv hvq
Ki L ii M i I ii N i, ii I iii L gvby‡li †P‡q eo wKQy bvB b‡n wKQy gnxqvb bv|Õ K_vwU †K e‡j‡Q?
K eyav L kvnveywÏb
8. ÔKvi †Mvqvj †K †`q †auvqvÕ ÔcÖevm eÜyÕ M H gw›ì c~Rvwii, nvq †èZv, †Zvgvi bq
M dzjKwj N KzwšÍ
M‡í †jLK Ave`yi ingv‡bi gv‡S Kx N †Zvgvi wgbv‡i Pwoqv fÐ Mv‡n ¯^v‡_©i Rq
30. †mwjbv †nv‡m‡bi Dcb¨vm Ab~w`Z n‡q‡Q
†`‡L GK_v e‡j‡Qb? 17. D³ Pi‡Y cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q i. Aviwe-wnw›` fvlvq
K AvšÍwiKZvi evovevwo i. gvbe‡cÖg ii. mvgëv` ii. iæk-Rvcvwb fvlvq
L kw³gËvi cwiPq iii. gvby‡li †kÖôZ¡ iii. Bs‡iwR-divwm fvlvq
M †fvRbwejv‡mi cwiPq wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
N Áv‡bi eni K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
1 2 3 4 5 KLMN 6 KLMN 7 KLMN 8 KLMN 9 KLMN 10 KLMN
Self test
KLMN KLMN KLMN KLMN

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1 N 2 N 3 M 4 N 5 L 6 M 7 M 8 K 9 L 10 L 11 M 12 K 13 N 14 K 15 L
16 L 17 N 18 K 19 L 20 L 21 N 22 L 23 N 24 M 25 N 26 L 27 K 28 K 29 N 30 N

1. me©kx I cv½ywj myfvi K_v eySZ, KviY 10. wbgMvQ M‡íi †ÿ‡Î †hwU mg_©b‡hvM¨ 21. mvwn‡Zï †Kvb kvLvwU cvV‡Ki Ávb
i. ZvivI wQj evKnxb K ivR‰bwZK †cÖÿvcU Z…òv‡K cwiZ…ß K‡i?
ii. Zv‡ì cÖwZ fv‡jvevmv wQj L ag©xq †cÖÿvcU K cÖeÜ L Dcb¨vm
iii. myfv Zv‡ì mv‡_ K_v ejZ M mvgvwRK †cÖÿvcU M †QvUMí N bvUK
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? N ev¯Í w eK †cÖ
ÿ vcU 22. ˆmq` kvgmy j n‡Ki wkï‡Zvl MÖš’ †KvbwU?
11. m‡Z¨›`ø b v_ `‡Ëi Ab~ w `Z Kve¨MÖ ‡ š’ i bvg K kxZwe‡Kj L i³‡Mvjvc
K Kzû I †KKv L †eYy I exYv M mxgv‡šÍi wmsnvmb N GK`v GK iv‡R¨
2. ÔPvi-Bqvwi K_vÕ cÖg_ †PŠayixi †Kvb M Zx_©‡iYy N mweZv
ai‡bi cÖš’? 23. mvnmx Rbbx evsjvi KweZvq dz‡U D‡V‡Q
12. PvjZv dzj, wkwk‡ii Rj Kx wb‡`©k K‡i? evOvwj RvwZi?
K cÖeÜ L Mí i. Kwei wbmM© cÖxwZ K avivevwnKZv L exiZ¡
M Kve¨ N bvUK ii. Kwei cÖK…wZ †cÖg
M mvg_©¨ N BwZnvm
3. Kwe Ave`yj nvwK‡gi KveïPbvi D‡Ïk¨ Kx? iii. Kwei knicÖxwZ
24. †NvomIqvi GKwU
K mvaviY gvby‡li gb Rq wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
i. KweZv
L wbR fvlv‡K fv‡jvevmv Ki L ii M ii I iii N i I ii
ii. Dcb¨vm
M AvZ¥cÖPvi Kiv 13. wPšÍvq ¯^vaxbZv, eyw×i ¯^vaxbZv,
iii. †QvUMí
N m„wóKZ©v‡K Lywk ivLv AvZ¥cÖKv‡ki ¯^vaxbZv †hLv‡b †bB
†mLv‡b wb‡Pi †KvbwU †bB? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
4. ÔK‡cvZvÿ b`Õ KweZvi †Kvb c×wZwUi K i L ii M iii N i I iii
g‡a¨ Kwei ¯^‡`k †cÖ‡gi m‡e©v”P K g~j¨‡eva L gyw³
M gvbeZv N ˆbwZKZv  DÏxcKwU c‡o 25 I 26 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
ewntcÖKvk N‡U‡Q? gÐj wgqvi mKj AcK‡g©i mn‡hvMx nvmy|
14. cwjøRbbx KweZvq gv‡qi Av`‡i m‡¤^vab n‡jv
K mZZ †n b`, Zzwg co †gvi g‡b
i. evQv‡i †m mvivÿY gÐj wgqv‡K Kzcivgk© †`q
L `y» †mªv‡Zviƒcx Zzwg Rš§f‚wgi ¯Í‡b Avi mvaviY cÖRv‡ì mnvq-m¤^j gÐj
ii. Rv`y
M Avi wK †n n‡e †`Lv iii. gyL‡cvov wgqvi nv‡Z Zz‡j †`q|
N jB‡Q †h Ze bvg e‡½i msMx‡Z wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 25. DÏxc‡Ki ÔnvmyÕ KvKZvo–qv Dcb¨v‡mi
5. mnvq m¤ú`‡K NywP‡q †`q K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii †Kvb Pwi‡Îi cÖwZwbwa?
K gvbyl L msmvi 15. †h kã¸‡jv Avkv KweZvq cvIqv hvq K nwiKvKv L Avnv` gywÝ
M Kvj N AkvwšÍ i. wbïZ M wgVz N eyav
6. AfvMxi ¯^M© M‡í cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q ii. weË, Zzó 26. cÖwZwbwa‡Z¡i welqwU †h `„wó‡KvY †_‡K
i. myL iii. Avnvh©, Auvavi we‡eP¨
ii. ¯^v”Q›`¨ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? i. e¨w³Z¡nxbZv
iii. mšÍvb evrmj¨ K i I iii L ii I iii M i I ii N i, ii I iii ii. PvUzKvi
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 16. †jLK Ave`yi ingvb‡K Kxfv‡e MÖnY iii. mL¨Zv
K‡i‡Qb? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K i I ii L ii M iii N ii I iii
K eva¨ n‡q L wei³ n‡q
7. BD‡ivc Av‡gwiKvi g‡Zv Avgv‡ì †`‡kI Ki L i I ii M i I iii N i, ii I iii
M kÖ×vi m‡½ N `vwq‡Z¡i m‡½
AbvMZKv‡j †Kvb mvwnZ¨ Av`‡ii Avmb 17. Avnmvb nvexe †Kvb cwÎKvi mvwnZ¨ 27. we‡`wk gvbyl I wb‡R‡ì mevi Ici eyavi
cv‡e? N„Yv evo‡Z _v‡K †Kb?
m¤úv`K wQ‡jb?
K cwjømvwnZ¨ L cÖ‡jZvwi‡qZ mvwnZ¨ K hy‡×i Rb¨ L AZ¨vPv‡ii Rb¨
K ˆ`wbK evsjv L meyRcÎ
M bvMwiK mvwnZ¨ N kû‡i mvwnZ¨ M ˆ`wbK mgKvj N ˆ`wbK msev`
M MYnZ¨vi Rb¨
18. Kwei kix‡i Kx †j‡M Av‡Q? N †jvKRb cvjv‡bvi Rb¨
 DÏxcKwU c‡o 8 I 9 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
K wmœ » gvwUi my f vm L Avjc_ 28. †Lv‡`Rv Zv‡niv‡K ewncx‡ii nv‡Z Zz‡j
Òmd`vi Wv³vi gv_v fiv UvK Zvi/wL‡` w`‡Z Pvq †Kb?
†c‡j cvwb Lvq wPwe‡q/†Pqv‡i‡Z ivZw`b e‡m M Kuv`v N AvZ¥x‡qi eÜb
19. cvwK¯Ívwbiv †h `yRb eyw×Rxex‡K nZ¨v K †Q‡j‡K iÿv Ki‡Z
†Mv‡b `yB-wZb/c‡o eB Av‡jvUvi wbwf‡q| L cx‡ii e‡Ïvqvi f‡q
8. DÏxc‡Ki md`vi Wv³v‡ii mv‡_ ÔRyZv K‡i‡Q Zv‡ì bvg cqjv êkvL cÖ e ‡Ü
Av‡Q Zviv n‡jv M a‡g©i gvb ivL‡Z N wbS©ÅvU _vK‡Z
Avwe®‹viÕ KweZvi Kv‡ì wgj i‡q‡Q? 29. ˆmq` IqvjxDjøvn KZ mv‡j gva¨wgK cvm
i. †Mvwe›` †è, wZZzwgi
K gš¿xi L cÐxZ‡ì K‡ib?
ii. wZZzwgi I g½j cv‡Û
M ivRvi N gyPxi K 1935 L 1937
iii. gybxi †PŠayix, ÿzwaivg
9. wg‡ji KviY¸‡jv n‡jv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M 1938 N 1939
i. eyw×nxbZv K i I ii L ii I iiiM i I iii N i, ii I iii 30. Zv‡nivi evev Zv‡niv‡K cx‡ii m‡½ we‡q
ii. AvR¸we Kg©KvÐ * [we.`ª : mwVK DËi: †Mvwe›` †è I gybxi †PŠayix] †`b †Kb?
iii. Kg©nxbZv 20. †gvjøvevwoi weaevi NiwU †Kgb? K A‡_©i †gv‡n L ¯¿xi gb ivL‡Z
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K boe‡i L `» M cx‡ii Aby‡iva ivL‡Z
K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M fvOv N Lo w`‡q evbv‡bv N cyY¨ jv‡fi Avkvq
Self test
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1 K 2 L 3 K 4 L 5 M 6 M 7 L 8 L 9 N 10 N 11 M 12 N 13 L 14 N 15 N
16 M 17 K 18 K 19 * 20 L 21 K 22 M 23 L 24 K 25 L 26 L 27 L 28 L 29 N 30 N

1. ÔhyMevYxÕ bvgK cÖeÜ MÖ‡š’i iPwqZv †K? 11. Ôwkÿv I gbyl¨Z¡Õ cÖeÜ Abymv‡i eKz‡ji 20. Ôcjøx RbbxÕ KweZvi †Kvb Pi‡Y gv‡qi
K iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi L gynv¤§` knx`yjøvn Pwi‡Î Kx‡mi Afve i‡q‡Q? k¼v cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q?
M KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg N Kexi †PŠayix K gyw³i L `„wófw½i K S‡o Kuv‡c †hb bx‡oi cvwLwU Rov‡q
2. ÔZv‡qdÕ Aew¯’Z †mŠw` Avi‡ei M gbyl¨‡Z¡i N AvZ¥gh©v`vi gv‡qi Wvbv
K c~e©vÂ‡j L cwðgvÂ‡j 12. Ôwkÿv I gbyl¨Z¡Õ cÖeÜ Abymv‡i gvby‡li L m¤§y‡L Zvi †Nvi KzÀzwU gnvKvjivZ
M DËivÂ‡j N `wÿYvÂ‡j gyw³i Ab¨Zg w`K cvZv
3. Ô†Zv‡K ai‡j Avgiv GLv‡b wZbRb| wKš‘ i. A_© wPšÍvi wbMo †_‡K gyw³ M DËi w`‡Z `ywLbx gv‡qi wØ¸Y evwoZ R¡vjv
Avgiv wZbRb bB, GKRbÕ GLv‡b ii. Abœe‡¯¿i mgm¨vi mgvavb N †QvU LvU KZ evqbv †c‡j cv‡i bvB wgUvevi
cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q iii. wPšÍv I eyw×i ¯^vaxbZv 21. ÔAvwg †Kv‡bv AvMšÍK bBÕ KweZvq
i. mvg¨ ii. RvMiY wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? Rwgjvi gv Kv‡ì cÖwZwbwa?
iii. HK¨ K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii K Afvex †kÖwYi L kÖgRxex‡ì
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 13. ÒI‡i †K AvwQm †i, GLv‡b GKUz †Mvei M cÖwZev`x‡ì N wbh©vwZZ‡ì
Ki L ii M iii N ii I iii Rj Qwo‡q †`Ó †Mvg¯Ív Aai iv‡qi G 22. gš¿x I cwÐZ‡ì mfvi Kx cwigvY bm¨ dzivj?
4. wb‡Pi †KvbwU mvgvwRK bvUK? e³‡e¨ dz‡U D‡V‡Q ev½vjxi cÖwZ K 12 wc‡c L 15 wc‡c
K bxj `c©Y L Rbv i. AeÁv M 17 wc‡c N 19 wc‡c
M ey×‡è N Kvjv cvnvo ii. weiw³ 23. ÔDcjÕ k‡ãi A_©
 DÏxcKwU c‡o 5 I 6 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : iii. Zvw”Qj¨ K Puv` L cv_vi
Òkvevm evsjv‡`k G c„w_ex wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M cv_i N wbf…Z
AevK ZvwK‡q iq; Ki L ii M i I ii N i, ii I iii 24. Ò†f‡½ †dj H fRbvj‡qi hZ Zvjv
R¡‡j cy‡o g‡i QviLvi 14. ÔiwmK nZ eyw×i g‡Zv ùvovBqv iwnjÕ †Kb? †Ìqv ØviÓ Pi‡Y cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q KvRx
Zey gv_v †bvqvevi bq|Ó K wew›ì wcwmi K_vq bRiæj Bmjv‡gi
5. DÏxc‡K ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡mi cÖwZdwjZ L KvOvwji Ae¯’v †`‡L K cÖwZev`x †PZbv L ag©fxiæZv
wPÎ M g„Zz¨ c_hvÎx AfvMx‡K †`‡L M †ÿvf N N„Yv
i. cvwK¯Ívbx nvbv`vi‡ì ev½vwji Ici N K…ZK‡g©i Rb¨ AbyZß n‡q 25. ÒGwkwiqv ay‡jv AvR-†ewejb QvB n‡q
AZ¨vPv‡ii wPÎ 15. myfv w`‡bi g‡a¨ wbqwgZ KZevi †Mvqvj Av‡QÓ D³ Pi‡Y cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q
ii. kÎæi weiæ‡× iæ‡L ùvov‡bvi wPÎ N‡i †hZ? i. c„w_exi engvbZv
iii. gyw³hy‡×i mgq MÖvgevmx‡ì MÖvgZ¨vM K wZbevi L Pvievi ii. mf¨Zvi bk¦iZv
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M cuvPevi N Qqevi iii. †mŠ›`‡h©i g„Zz¨nxbZv
Ki L ii M iii N i I iii 16. Ôe½evYxÕ KweZvwU Kwe Avey`j nvwK‡gi wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
6. KvKZvo–qv Dcb¨v‡m cÖwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q †Kvb Kve¨MÖ‡š’i AšÍM©Z? Ki L ii M i I ii N ii I iii
i. gyw³hy×Kvjxb †cÖÿvcU K bmxnrbvgv L jvjgwZ 26. ˆmq` gyRZev Avjx iwPZ MÖš’ †KvbwU?
ii. GK wK‡kv‡ii mvnmx msMÖvg M b~ibvgv N mqdzjg~jK K giæfv¯‹i L Kvjvcvnvo
iii. eyavi cÖwZev`x g‡bvfve 17. evsjv Kv‡e¨ ÔAwgÎvÿi Q›`Õ cÖeZ©b K‡ib? M gq~iKÉx N Qq m½x
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë  DÏxcKwU c‡o 27 I 28 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii L iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi Avgvi evwoi dzj evwMPv dzj mK‡ji n‡e
7. eyav f‚Z ev RyRyi Mí †kv‡bwb KviY M †gnP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq Avgvi N‡i gvwUi cÖ`xc Av‡jvK w`‡e m‡e|
i. †m Gme wek¦vm K‡i bv N hZx›`ª‡gvnb evMPx 27. DÏxc‡K ÔAvkvÕ KweZvi †Kvb w`KwUi
ii. Zvi Avcb †KD †bB 18. Òmsmv‡ii bvbv NvZ-cÖwZNvZ †gvKv‡ejv mv`„k¨ dz‡U D‡V‡Q?
iii. †m fxZz bq e‡j K‡i †eu‡P _vK‡Z n‡eÓ DÏxc‡Ki fvewU i. civ‡_© Rxeb DrmM© Kiv
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q †Kvb Pi‡Y? ii. AvZ¥‡K›`ªxK n‡q cov
Ki L ii M iii N i, ii I iii i. Ki hy× exh©evb, hvq hv‡e hvK cÖvY iii. gvbe †cÖ‡g eªZx nIqv
8. ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡Ki Rwg`vi wMbœx †Lv‡`Rv ii. Avqy †hb ˆkev‡ji bxi wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
i. cÖwZev`x ii. Kzms¯‹viv”Qbœ iii. K‡iv bv my‡Li Avk, c‡ivbv `y‡Li duvm K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
iii. A_©‡jvfx wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 28. DÏxcK I ÔAvkvÕ KweZvi g~j myi n‡jv
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? Ki L ii M i I ii N ii I iii i. gvbe Kj¨v‡YB cÖK…Z myL wbwnZ
Ki L ii M iii N ii I iii  DÏxcKwU c‡o 19 I 20 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : ii. weË-êfeB my‡Li g~j
9. ÔPvwiw`‡K Avwg AvÜvi †`LwQ? Dw³wU Kvi? Ôev`kv evei Kuvw`qv wdwi‡Q, wb` bvwn iii. `vwi‡`ªï g‡a¨ †_‡K c‡ivcKvi Kiv
K nv‡k‡gi L †Lv‡`Rvi †Pv‡L Zuvi cyÎ Zuvnvi ûgvqyb eywS euv‡P hvq bv
M ewncx‡ii N nv‡Z‡gi bv Gevi Avi| Pvwiav‡i Zuvi Nbv‡q wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
10. ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡K ewY©Z So n‡qwQj KLb? Avwm‡Q giY-AÜKvi| Ki L ii M i I ii N ii I iii
K †kl iv‡Z L ga¨ iv‡Z 19. DÏxc‡K Ôcjøx RbbxÕ KweZvi cÖKvwkZ 29. 1971 mv‡ji 13B GwcÖj Kx evi wQj?
M mÜ¨vq N weKv‡j w`KwU n‡jv K kwbevi L iweevi
 DÏxcKwU c‡o 11 I 12 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : i. mšÍv‡bi †ivMgyw³ M †mvgevi N g½jevi
eKzj †jLvcovq fv‡jv wQj| cixÿvi ii. gv‡qi AmnvqZ¡ 30. Ômvnmx Rbbx evsjvÕ KweZvq †Kvb b`xi
djvdjI fv‡jv| fv‡jv PvKwi †c‡q‡Q| iii. mšÍv‡bi Rb¨ gv‡qi AvKzjZv D‡jøL i‡q‡Q?
wKš‘ †m fv‡jv g‡›ì †Zvqv°v K‡i bv| wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K eywoM½v L cÙv
Ab¨vqfv‡e UvKv DcvR©‡bI †m Af¨¯Í| Ki L i I ii M iii N ii I iii M hgybv N †gNbv
Self test
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1 M 2 N 3 N 4 K 5 L 6 N 7 L 8 L 9 N 10 K 11 K 12 N 13 N 14 N 15 K
16 M 17 K 18 K 19 N 20 L 21 K 22 N 23 M 24 K 25 L 26 M 27 L 28 K 29 N 30 L

1. †KvbwU iex›`ªbv_ iwPZ Dcb¨vm? 9. Pg©‡iv‡Mi Ae¨_© Jla Kx? 20. ¯^vaxbZvi Rb¨ Kcvj fvOj Kvi?
K wPÎv L ejvKv K Avg MvQ L †jey MvQ K mvwKbv wewei L mMxi Avjxi
M †k‡li KweZv N WvKNi M †ZuZzj MvQ N wbg MvQ M gZje wgqvi N Abv_ wK‡kvixi
2. myfvi †Pv‡Li fvlv 10. †Kvb †`‡k MYZš¿ cÖwZôvi AšÍivq †KvbwU? 21. ÔKvKZvo–qvÕ Dcb¨v‡m Jcb¨vwm‡Ki †Kvb
i. Amxg-D`vi K mvaviY gvbyl Rxebfvebv cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q?
ii. `y‡e©va¨ L AwfRvZ m¤cÖ`vq i. AZ¨vPv‡ii weiæ‡× iæ‡L ùvov‡Z n‡e
iii. AZj¯úk© Mfxi M †kÖwY‰elg¨ ii. cÖwZ‡kva MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? N †QvU‡jvK m¤cÖ`vq iii. wK‡kvi‡ì hy× Ki‡Z n‡e
K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 11. Kwe Ave`yj nvwKg KZ wLªóv‡ã Rš§MÖnY K‡ib? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
3. ÔAfvMxi ¯^M©Õ M‡íi MwZkxj PwiÎ †KvbwU? K AvbygvwbK 1720 wLªóv‡ã K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K AfvMx L AvbygvwbK 1260 wLªóv‡ã 22. eyav‡K Kvi Kv‡Q gyiweŸ g‡b nq?
L KvOvjx M AvbygvwbK 1620 wLªóv‡ã K PvwPi L KzwšÍi
M iwmK `y‡j N AvbygvwbK 1660 wLªóv‡ã M dzjKwji N †bvjKeyqvi
N VvKzi`vm gy‡Lvcva¨vq 12. Ôm‡bUÕ Gi ï× Bs‡iwR evbvb †KvbwU? 23. cvKv avb KvUvi mgq †K eyav‡K evev Wv‡K?
4. Lbv †K? K Sonnet L Sounet K Avnv` gywÝ L Rqbvj PvPv
K †bÎx L †R¨vwZlx M Sownnet N Swonet M wgVz N KzÏym
M gnxqmx N Kwe 13. Kwe AwbZ¨ bq e‡j‡Qb 24. dzjKwj †K?
5. ÔAvg-AuvwUi †fucyÕ M‡í dz‡U D‡V‡Q i. gvbyl‡K K KgvÛv‡ii Kv‡Ri †g‡q
i. cÖvK…wZK †mŠ›`h© ii. RxevZ¥v‡K L KgvÛv‡ii wb‡Ri †g‡q
ii. mnR g‡bi Rxebhvc‡bi K_v iii. mrKg©‡K M eyavi †evb
iii. cÖK…wZ NwbôZv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? N eyavi PvwP
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? Ki L ii M iii N i, ii I iii 25. nwiKvKz eyav‡K Kx bv‡g WvK‡Zb?
K i I ii L i I iii 14. Ôbm¨Õ k‡ãi A_© Kx? K KvKZvo–qv L gvwbKiZb
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii K wejvm `ªe¨ L Lv`¨ `ªe¨ M †LvKvevey N QbœQvov
6. nhiZ gynv¤§` (mv.) mZ¨ cÖPv‡i fxlY M ZvgvK `ªe¨ N wPwKrmv `ªe¨ 26. ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡K bZzb w`‡bi cÖZxK †K?
cixÿvq m¤§yLxb n‡qwQ‡jb 15. Sibvi †Kv_vq cyjK jv‡M? K ewncxi L Zv‡niv
K Zv‡q‡d K cÖv‡Y L Pi‡Y M nv‡kg Avwj N †Lv‡`Rv
L e`‡ii hy‡× M Mv‡q N jjv‡U 27. ewncxi Kv‡K cywjk WvK‡Z cvVvq?
M bweZ¡ jv‡fi ci  DÏxcKwU c‡o 16 I 17 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : K nv‡kg L nv‡Zg
N û`vqweqvi mwÜ‡Z ÒRx‡e †cÖg K‡i †hB Rb M Av‡bvqvi N nwKKzjøvn
 DÏxcKwU c‡o 7 I 8 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : †mB Rb †mwe‡Q Ck¦i|Ó 28. ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡K AZ¨šÍ a~Z© I ev¯Íe Ávb
Ôcwo‡j eB Av‡jvwKZ nB 16. GB mv`„‡kï KviY m¤úbœ PwiÎ †KvbwU?
bv cwo‡j eB AÜKv‡i iB|Õ i. gvbwmKZv K Zv‡niv L nv‡kg Avwj
7. DÏxcKwUi fvev_© ÔeB covÕ cÖe‡Üi †Kvb ii. mngwg©Zv M nv‡Zg Avwj N ewncxi
ev‡K¨ we`¨gvb iii. mn‡hvwMZv 29. ÔewncxiÕ bvU‡K †Kvb mg‡qi mgvRwPÎ
K Áv‡bi fvÐvi av‡bi fvÐvi bq wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? cÖwZdwjZ n‡q‡Q?
L wkÿv †KD KvD‡K w`‡Z cv‡i bv Ki L ii M iii N i, ii I iii K Dwbk kZ‡Ki
M mywkwÿZ †jvK gvÎB ¯^wkwÿZ 17. wkwk‡ii mv‡_ m¤ú„³ †Kvb gvm? L Dwbk kZ‡Ki †kl fv‡Mi
N Avgv‡ì evRv‡i we`¨v`vZvi Afve †bB K †cŠl L ˆR¨ô M wek kZ‡Ki
8. DÏxcKwUi fvev_© ÔeB covÕ cÖe‡Üi †h M kÖveY N fv`ª N wek kZ‡Ki †kl fv‡Mi
fve‡K wb‡`©k K‡i Zv n‡jv 18. ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvq ÔgnvKvjÕ A‡_© Zzwg 30. Zv‡nivi g‡Z cxi mv‡ne
i. Áv‡bi gva¨‡g †gŠwjKZ¡ AR©b Kx †evS? i. eyw×gvb
ii. wkÿv h‡š¿i gva¨‡g weKwkZ nIqv K gnv + Kvj L gnv †h Kvj ii. fÐ avwg©K
iii. wkÿ‡Ki gva¨‡g weKwkZ nIqv M AÜKvi ivZ N `ytmgq iii. A_©‡jvfx
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 19. Ômvnmx Rbbx evsjvÕ KweZvq cÖK…Z wfZz Kviv? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K i I ii L i I iii K cvwK¯Ívwbiv L Bs‡iRiv K i I ii L i I iii
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M evOvwjiv N Avh©iv M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
Self test
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 M 2 L 3 L 4 L 5 N 6 K 7 M 8 K 9 N 10 M 11 M 12 K 13 L 14 M 15 M
16 L 17 N 18 N 19 K 20 K 21 K 22 K 23 L 24 K 25 L 26 M 27 N 28 N 29 M 30 K

1. d«v‡Ýi K…ZKg©v †jvK‡ì Avwef©ve n‡qwQj 12. †ivMv c¨vKvwUi g‡Zv kixi Kvi kix‡ii 21. ÔAvsivLvÕ k‡ãi A_© Kx?
†Kv_v †_‡K? K_v ejv n‡q‡Q? K j¤^v I wX‡jXvjv †cvkvK
K hviv cixÿvq cvm Ki‡Z cv‡iwb K eyavi L wZbyi
L PvZK cvwL
L ¯‹zj cvjv‡bv †Q‡j‡ì `j †_‡K M wkjyi N webyi
M cvnv‡oi bvg
M hviv eB c‡owQj N †gavex QvÎ 13. ÔAvwg Zvi wPi‡Pbv GK ¯^RbÕ †K GB
N Sibvi bvg
2. Kv‡jv †PvL‡K ZR©gv Ki‡Z nq bv, KviY ¯^Rb?
K iæ¯Íg †kL L K`g Avjx 22. Kwe Avãyj nvwKg †Kvb kZ‡Ki Kwe?
i. g‡bi K_v †Pv‡Li Ici Qvqv †d‡j
M _y Ì‡
y o ey ‡ ov N D‡jø w LZ mevB K cÂ`k L lô`k
ii. †PvL nv‡m
iii. fve wb‡R †_‡K G‡m †Pv‡L aiv †`q
14. †gvjø v mv‡ne †n‡m Kz w U Kz w U nIqvi KviY M mß`k N Aóv`k
i. gmwR‡` wkiwb _vKvq DÏxcKwU c‡o 23 I 24 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 
ii. †Mv¯Í-iæwU †eu‡P hvIqvq
K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii dwUK Avevi weoweo Kwiqv ewK‡Z jvwMj,
iii. ¯^v_© nvwmj nIqvq
3. ÔAvjvDwÏ‡bi Avðh© cÖ`xcÕ MíwUi ewjj Ôgv Avgv‡K gvwim †b, gv mwZ¨ ejwQ,
NUbv¯’j †Kv_vq? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
Avwg †`vl Kwiwb|Õ
K K‡¤^vwWqv L Avie †`k 23. dwU‡Ki K_vq ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvi †LvKvi
M fviZ N Pxb  DÏxcKwU c‡o 15 I 16 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
†Kvb fvewU cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q?
4. Ave`yi ingv‡bi evwo m¤ú‡K© Zvi fvl¨ b`x Kfz cvb bvwn K‡i wbR Rj,
K gvZ…fw³ L †mœ‡ni Ave`vi
i. cvbwki DËi AvdMvwb¯Ív‡b Aew¯’Z ZiæMY bvwn Lvq wbR wbR dj,
Mvfx Kfz bvwn K‡i wbR `y» cvb, M †eqvovcbv N †mœ‡ni AvKzjZv
ii. †hLv‡b AvenvIqv Lye fv‡jv
iii. kxZKv‡j mvZ w`b ch©šÍ eid c‡o Kvô `» n‡q K‡i c‡i Abœ `vb| 24. dwUK I Ôcwjø R bbxÕ KweZvq dz‡U D‡V‡Q
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 15. DÏxcKwU ÔwbgMvQÕ M‡íi †h w`K w`‡K i. gv‡qi AmnvqZ¡
K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii mv`„k¨c~Y © ii. gv‡qi kvmb
i. cÖ‡qvRbxqZv iii. ˆK‡kv‡ii `yišÍcbv
5. Rvnvbviv Bgvg iwPZ MÖš’ n‡jv
ii. Ae`vb
K Av‡iK dvj&¸b wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
iii. c‡ivcKvi
L cÖev‡mi w`b¸wj K i I ii L iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M eKzjcy‡ii ¯^vaxbZv 25. ev¼vi ˆZwii Kv‡R AMÖMwZ †`‡L †K
N gyw³‡hv×v cyÎ cÖ k smv K‡i?
16. mv`„k¨ _vK‡jI ÔwbgMvQÕ †Kvb wePv‡i
6. gnvZ¥v MvÜxi †Kvb ¸YwU †`‡ki gvbyl‡K e¨wZµg? K kvnveywÏb L eyav
m‡¤§vwnZ K‡iwQj? K D‡cwÿZ L AvZ¥Z¨vMx M gwZDi N dRy PvPv
K gvbeZv‡eva L †`k‡cÖg M DcKvix N wbinsKvix 26. ewncxi Ac‡ii gv_vq myo½ K‡i Kx
M gvwR©Z AvPiY N mij Rxeb 17. Muv‡q Kx `Lj K‡i cvwK¯Ív‡bi K¨v¤ú Rvb‡Z Pvq?
7. me e¨vUvivB GLb evgyb-Kv‡qZ n‡Z Pvq evwb‡q‡Q? K g‡bi K_v L K‡ói ¯îƒc
GB Dw³wU‡Z Kx cÖKvwkZ n‡q‡Q? K gv`ªvmv M †Mvcb K_v N eyw×gËvi inm¨
K weiw³ L we`ª~c L ¯‹zj 27. cÖv‡Yi meyR ej‡Z Kx †evS?
M †µva N N„Yv M †`vKvb
K cÖv‡Yi ¯^vaxbZv L cÖv‡Yi mRxeZv
8. ˆmq` kvgmyj nK †cQ‡b Kx †d‡j N †Mvg¯ÍvZv‡ì KvPvwi
M meyR e„ÿ N meyR †cvkvK
G‡m‡Qb e‡j KweZvq D‡jøL K‡i‡Qb? 18. Kwnj ivRv, GZ wK n‡e wm‡a G ev‡K¨
K exRgš¿ L weiwZwPý
28. ey a v fq cvq bv, KviY
ivRvi Kx cÖKvk †c‡q‡Q?
i. †QvU‡ejvq Zv‡K RyRyi fq †`Lvqwb
M PiYwPý N ¯§„wZwPý K mskq L ivM
9. BwÄwbqvi myRv mv‡n‡ei fv‡¯Í †K? ii. GKv _vKvq mvnm †e‡o‡Q
M †ÿvf N weiw³
K gwZqyi ingvb L Wv. wgjb iii. `ytL-K‡ó fq‡K Rq K‡i‡Q
19. ivbvi †Kgb †evSv Kuv‡a wb‡q‡Q?
M gwbiæ¾vgvb N Wv. dR‡j ivweŸ K bZzb Le‡ii L Rvbv-ARvbvi
10. evB‡ii N‡i nv‡Zg Avwj wK‡mi g‡Zv M mZK©evZ©vi N ûKzg Rvwii
K i I ii L i I iii M iii N i, ii I iii
e‡m Av‡Qb? 20. weË-my‡Li `yf©vebv ej‡Z Kwe eywS‡q‡Qb 29. ey a v wgwjUvwi K¨v‡¤ú Kx wb‡q wM‡qwQj?
K g~wZ©i g‡Zv L Dš§v‡ì g‡Zv i. m¤ú‡ì Rb¨ wPšÍv bv Kiv K gywo L Avg
M †evKvi g‡Zv N ¯^cœvwe‡ói g‡Zv ii. AwaK A‡_©i †jvf M †cqviv N AvZv
11. RM‡Z `yj©f †KvbwU? iii. m¤ú` I my‡Li Rb¨ nvnvKvi 30. wejvc Kwiqv Kx nB‡e? Dw³wU Kvi?
K m¤ú` L g~L© wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K ewncx‡ii L nv‡Z‡gi
M gwngv N `ytL K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M nv‡k‡gi N Zv‡nivi
Self test
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 L 2 L 3 N 4 N 5 L 6 K 7 L 8 M 9 N 10 N 11 M 12 L 13 L 14 N 15 N
16 K 17 L 18 K 19 L 20 M 21 K 22 M 23 L 24 N 25 M 26 K 27 L 28 N 29 M 30 K

1. myfvwlbxiv Kq †evb? 11. wkÿvi gva¨‡g wK‡mi weKvk N‡U? 20. †Kvb `„wó‡KvY †_‡K D³ welqwU mv`„k¨c~Y©?
K `yB L wZb K gbyl¨‡Z¡i L eyw×i K g„Zz¨ c„w_exi engvbeZv‡iv‡a Aÿg
M Pvi N cuvP M Áv‡bi N gvbemËvi
L Avmv hvIqvB Rxe‡bi ag©
2. Ô†W‡gv‡µwmi ¸iæivÕ ej‡Z cÖg_ †PŠayix 12. ÔAvkvZxZ †eZb †Ìqvq ggZvw` Kxfv‡e
Kv‡ì eywS‡q‡Qb? M gvbyl cÖK…wZi c~Rvwi
K…ZÁZv cÖKvk Ki‡jb?
K divwm L fviZxq K abëv` Rvwb‡q L †ewk KvR K‡i N c„w_exi me wKQyB my›ì
M Bs‡iR N Av‡gwiKv M Kgjv †jey LvB‡q N K_v bv e‡j 21. ÔcwjøRbbxÕ KweZvq gv mšÍv‡bi Rb¨
3. GKRb h_v_© wkÿ‡Ki mv_©KZv †mLv‡b 13. cÖfz Kx eyS‡Z cv‡ib? bvgv‡Ri N‡i Kx gvbZ K‡i?
hw` wkÿv_©xi K Bev`Z e‡›`wM L Aviwe fvlv K wkiwb L `vb
i. †Ljvayjvq DbœwZ nq
M mKj ag©MÖš’ N me©evK¨ M †gvgevwZ N KeyZi
ii. AvZ¥v D‡ØvwaZ nq
14. jB‡Q †h Zebvg e‡Üi msMx‡Z-GLv‡b 22. Kvi K¬vwšÍ †Pv‡L Auvavi †b‡g‡Q?
iii. AšÍwb©wnZ cÖ”Qbœ kw³ RvMÖZ nq
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? Kvi bv‡gi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q?
K Rwgjvi gvi L _y_y‡i ey‡ovi
K Kwei L K‡cvZvÿ b‡ì
K i I ii L i I iii M nwi`vmxi N K`g Avjxi
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M mvM‡ii N e½evmxi
4. AfvMx bvc‡Z †eŠwì KvQ †_‡K KvOvjx‡K 15. Kwe †Kb gvby ‡li Rxeb‡K e„_v ej‡Z Pvb 23. Rvbv ARvbv †evSv ivbvi †Kv_vq enb
Kx Avb‡Z e‡jwQj? wb? K‡i?
K Jla L wm`yi i. gvbeRxeb g~jëvb e‡j K Mvwo‡Z L Kuv‡a
M Pvj N AvjZv ii. êiv‡M¨ gyw³ †bB e‡j M nv‡Z N gv_vq
5. gvby‡li DrcwË I weKvkmsµvšÍ weÁvb iii. wkwki we›`yi g‡Zv ÿY¯’vqx e‡j 24. Ômvnmx Rbbx evsjvÕ KweZvq c‡_ c‡_
ejv nq †KvbwU‡K? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? †ZcvšÍ‡i †K Ny‡i †eovq?
K b„ZË¡‡K L RxeweÁvb‡K K i I ii L i I iii
K eY©gvjv L evOvwjiv
M imvqb weÁvb‡K N cÖZœZË¡‡K M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M DØv¯‘iv N ivRvKviiv
 DÏxcKwU c‡o 5 †_‡K 7 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : 16. †Mveyi K_v ï‡b ivRv †Kgb K‡i fve‡Z
euvk evMv‡bi gv_vi Dci Puv` D‡V‡Q H _v‡Kb? 25. eyav-ivRvKvi KgvÛv‡ii evwo‡Z Av¸b
gv‡Mv Avgvi †kvjK ejv KvRjv w`w` KB| K `y‡j `y‡j L Mv‡j nvZ w`‡q †`q †Kb?
6. DÏxc‡Ki dz‡U DVv w`KwU ÔAvg-AuvwUi M †PvL eÜ K‡i N ï‡q ï‡q K cÖwZwnsmvq
†fucyÕ M‡íi †Kvb we‡kl w`KwU‡K Zz‡j 17. SY©vi Mvb KweZvq SY©vi ¯îƒc aiv L dzjKwj‡K euvPv‡Z
a‡i? c‡o‡Q M cÖwZ‡kva wb‡Z
K iv‡Zi cÖK…wZi wPÎ
i. MwZ‡Z N e¨w³¯^v‡_©
L fvB‡ev‡bi m¤úK©
ii. †mŠ›`‡h©
M MÖvg evsjvi cÖK…wZ 26. ÔAvwgI †Zvgvi m‡½ hy× KieÕ Dcb¨v‡m
iii. cÖK…wZ‡Z
N gv‡qi kvk¦Z iƒc GwU †K Kv‡K e‡j‡Q?
7. DÏxc‡K Avg-AuvwUi †fucy M‡íi †h wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K i I ii L i I iii K wgVz eyav‡K L Avwj eyav‡K
w`K¸‡jv Abycw¯’Z
M I N i, ii I iii M eyav kvnveywÏb‡K N KzwšÍ eyav‡K
i. wK‡kvi gb ii iii
ii. `vwi‡`ªï wPÎ 18. ÔAvRvwiÕ k‡ãi A_© Kx? 27. gkvj evbv‡bvi Kv‡R eën„Z †K‡ivwmb
iii. cÖK…wZ NwbôZv K ÿzavZ© L e¨w_Z eyav‡K †K w`‡qwQj?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M cw_K N wfLvwi K wgVz L Avwj
K i I ii L i I iii  DÏxcKwU c‡o 19 I 20 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : M dzjKwj N AvZvdzdz
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii Ô†Zvgvi †Ljv Rg‡e wbZzB Avgvi n‡e eÜ 28.
8. †Kvb hy× †ÿ‡Îi bvg L›`K? bvU‡Ki cÖvY †KvbwU?
†Zvgvi mv‡_ cÖfz Avgvi GLvbUv‡ZB
K Lqei L Iû` K msjvc L Kvwnwb
Ø›Ø|Õ
M eì N Avnhve M PwiÎ N cwi‡ek
19. DÏxcKwUi welqe¯‘ Ô†mB w`b GB gvVÕ
9. ÔwbgMvQÕ M‡íi Avw½K êwkó¨ †KvbwU? 29. ÔA_© mvabvB Rxeb mvab bqÕ| GB
KweZvi †Kvb PiY¸‡jv‡K wb‡`©k K‡i?
K wekvjvqZb L e¨vcK
i. †mBw`b GB gvV ¯Íä n‡e bv‡Kv Rvwb †PZbv dz‡U D‡V‡Q †Kvb Pwi‡Î?
M ÿz`ª Aeqe N e³e¨ Zvrch©c~Y©
10. Z_vKw_Z †QvU‡jvK m¤úÖ`v‡qi gvbyl ii. c„w_exi GBme Mí †eu‡P i‡e wPiKvj K cxi mv‡ne L nv‡Zg Avjx
nIqvi AwaKvi fz‡j hvIqvi KviY Kx? iii. G wkwiqv ay‡jv AvR-†ewejb QvB n‡q M †Lv‡`Rv N nv‡kg Avjx
K wb‡R‡ì AÁvbZv Av‡Q 30. ÔKx So n‡jv †kl iv‡ZÕ Dw³wU †K K‡i‡Q?
L f`ª mgv‡Ri AZ¨vPvi wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K ewncxi L nvwKKzjøvn
M mvgvwRK wek„•Ljv Ki L i I ii
N A_©‰bwZK êlg¨ M nv‡Zg Avjx N nv‡kg Avjx
M iii N i, ii I iii
Self test
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 L 2 M 3 M 4 N 5 K 6 L 7 K 8 N 9 M 10 L 11 K 12 N 13 N 14 L 15 N
16 K 17 N 18 L 19 N 20 K 21 M 22 N 23 L 24 K 25 M 26 N 27 L 28 K 29 N 30 N

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m„Rbkxj

AwaK Abykxj‡bi gva¨‡g †miv cÖ¯‘wZ wbwðZ Ki‡Z AviI

AwaK Abykxj‡bi gva¨‡g †miv cÖ¯‘wZ wbwðZ Ki‡Z AviI

NCTB KZ…©K cÖ`Ë P‚ovšÍ gvbeÈ‡bi Av‡jv‡K cÖYxZ

NCTB KZ…©K cÖ`Ë P‚ovšÍ gvbeÈ‡bi Av‡jv‡K cÖYxZ

AwaK Abykxj‡bi gva¨‡g †miv cÖ¯‘wZ wbwðZ Ki‡Z AviI

AwaK Abykxj‡bi gva¨‡g †miv cÖ¯‘wZ wbwðZ Ki‡Z AviI

NCTB KZ…©K cÖ`Ë P‚ovšÍ gvbeÈ‡bi Av‡jv‡K cÖYxZ

NCTB KZ…©K cÖ`Ë P‚ovšÍ gvbeÈ‡bi Av‡jv‡K cÖYxZ

G·K¬zwmf mv‡RkÝ + BANK 100%

Step 3 cvV¨eB‡qi Aby‡”Q` I jvBb we‡køwlZ eûwbe©vPwb mv‡RkÝ + BANK

M`¨ 01 myfv  iex›`ªbv_ VvKzi

M`¨ 02 eB cov  cÖg_ †PŠayix

M`¨ 03 AfvMxi ¯^M©  kirP›`ª P‡Ævcva¨vq

M gy‡Lvcva¨v‡qi ¯¿x L Kvgvi m¤úÖ`vq wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?

M`¨ 04 cwjømvwnZ¨  gyn¤§` knx`yjøvn

M`Å 05 Avg-AuvwUi ˆfucy  wef„wZf„lY eG±`ÅvcvaÅvq

M`¨ 06 gvbyl gyn¤§` (m.)  †gvnv¤§` Iqv‡R` Avjx

cvV cwiwPwZcvV¨eB; c„ôv 78 wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?

M`¨ 07 wbgMvQ  ebdzj

M`¨ 08 D‡cwÿZ kw³i D‡Øvab  KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg

M`¨ 09 wkÿv I gbyl¨Z¡  †gvZv‡ni †nv‡mb †PŠayix

M`¨ 10 cÖevm eÜy  ˆmq` gyRZev Avjx

M`¨ 11 ggZvw`  gvwbK e‡›`¨vcva¨vq

M`¨ 12 cqjv ˆekvL  Kexi †PŠayix

M`¨ 13 GKvË‡ii w`b¸wj  Rvnvbviv Bgvg

M`Å 14 mvwnGZÅi i…c I ixwZ  nvqvr gvgy`

M`¨ 15 wbqwZ  ûgvq~b Avn‡g`

KweZv 01 e½evYx  Ave`yj nvwKg

KweZv 02 K‡cvZvÿ b`  gvB‡Kj gaym~`b `Ë

KweZv 03 Rxeb-m½xZ  †ngP›`ª e‡›`¨vcva¨vq

KweZv 04 RyZv-AvweÓ•vi  iex±`Êbv^ VvKzi

KweZv 05 SY©vi Mvb  m‡Z¨›`ªbv_ `Ë

KweZv 06 gvbyl  KvRx bRiæj Bmjvg

KweZv 07 †mBw`b GB gvV  Rxebvb›` `vk

KweZv 08 cwjøRbbx  RmxgD`&`xb

KweZv 09 Avkv  wmKvb&`vi Avey Rvdi

KweZv 10 Avwg †Kv‡bv AvMš‘K bB  Avnmvb nvexe

KweZv 11 ivbvi  myKvšÍ fÆvPvh©

KweZv 12 †Zvgv‡K cvIqvi R‡b¨, †n ¯^vaxbZv  kvgmyi ivngvb

KweZv 13 Avgvi cwiPq  ˆmq` kvgmyj nK

KweZv 14 ¯^vaxbZv, G kãwU Kxfv‡e Avgv‡`i n‡jv  wbg©‡j›`y ¸Y

KweZv 15 mvnmx Rbbx evsjv  Kvgvj †PŠayix

mncvV 01 Dcb¨vm : KvKZvo–qv  †mwjbv †nv‡mb

mncvV 02 bvUK : ewncxi  ˆmq` IqvjxDjøvn

2 gqgbwmsn Mvj©m K¨v‡WU K‡jR evsjv cÖ_g cÎ : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

3 RqcyinvU Mvj©m K¨v‡WU K‡jR evsjv cÖ_g cÎ : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

5 cywjk jvBÝ ¯‹zj GÛ K‡jR, e¸ov evsjv cÖ_g cÎ : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

6 bv‡Uvi miKvwi evjK D”P we`¨vjq evsjv cÖ_g cÎ : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

7 Kzwgjøv gWvb© nvB ¯‹zj evsjv cÖ_g cÎ : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

8 Be‡b ZvBwgqv ¯‹zj GÛ K‡jR, Kzwgjøv evsjv cÖ_g cÎ : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

10 ev›`ievb miKvwi evwjKv D”P we`¨vjq evsjv cÖ_g cÎ : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

11 evsjv‡`k †bŠevwnbx ¯‹zj I K‡jR, PÆMÖvg evsjv cÖ_g cÎ : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

14 ei¸bv miKvwi evwjKv D”P we`¨vjq evsjv cÖ_g cÎ : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

15 ei¸bv wRjv ¯‹zj evsjv cÖ_g cÎ : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

16 cywjk jvBb D”P we`¨vjq, w`bvRcyi evsjv cÖ_g cÎ : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

17 KzwoMÖvg miKvwi D”P we`¨vjq evsjv cÖ_g cÎ : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

18 cÂMo we.wc. miKvwi D”P we`¨vjq evsjv cÖ_g cÎ : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

19 bxjdvgvix miKvwi D”P we`¨vjq evsjv cÖ_g cÎ : m„Rbkxj cÖkœ