Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 95 views

    Psicosis 4 48 PDF en Ingles PDF

    Uploaded by

    VicElf Petal
    Sarah Kane was an English playwright known for her controversial plays that dealt with themes of mental illness, violence, sexuality, and cultural taboos. She struggled with severe depression throughout her life and committed suicide in 1999. Her last play, 4.48 Psychosis, is seen as her suicide note and explores themes of sanity, reality, and relationships. The play has no traditional structure and is written like a poem. It is believed the title refers to the early morning time Kane regularly woke during depressive episodes. Productions of the play have been translated internationally and remain provocative works of theater.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Psicosis 4 48 PDF en Ingles PDF

    Uploaded by

    VicElf Petal
    95 views12 pages
    Sarah Kane was an English playwright known for her controversial plays that dealt with themes of mental illness, violence, sexuality, and cultural taboos. She struggled with severe depression throughout her life and committed suicide in 1999. Her last play, 4.48 Psychosis, is seen as her suicide note and explores themes of sanity, reality, and relationships. The play has no traditional structure and is written like a poem. It is believed the title refers to the early morning time Kane regularly woke during depressive episodes. Productions of the play have been translated internationally and remain provocative works of theater.

    Original Title

    138630908-Psicosis-4-48-PDF-en-Ingles.pdf

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Sarah Kane was an English playwright known for her controversial plays that dealt with themes of mental illness, violence, sexuality, and cultural taboos. She struggled with severe depression throughout her life and committed suicide in 1999. Her last play, 4.48 Psychosis, is seen as her suicide note and explores themes of sanity, reality, and relationships. The play has no traditional structure and is written like a poem. It is believed the title refers to the early morning time Kane regularly woke during depressive episodes. Productions of the play have been translated internationally and remain provocative works of theater.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    95 views12 pages

    Psicosis 4 48 PDF en Ingles PDF

    Uploaded by

    VicElf Petal
    Sarah Kane was an English playwright known for her controversial plays that dealt with themes of mental illness, violence, sexuality, and cultural taboos. She struggled with severe depression throughout her life and committed suicide in 1999. Her last play, 4.48 Psychosis, is seen as her suicide note and explores themes of sanity, reality, and relationships. The play has no traditional structure and is written like a poem. It is believed the title refers to the early morning time Kane regularly woke during depressive episodes. Productions of the play have been translated internationally and remain provocative works of theater.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 12

      Part I:

    SARAH KANE
     Part II:
    IN YER FACE THEATRE
     Part III:
    4.48 PSYCHOSIS
     Part IV:
    PSYCHOLOGY: TERMS & TREATMENT
     Part V:
    DEFINITIONS
    AND OTHER HELPFUL NOTES
    Sarah Kane was born in Brentwood Essex,
    England in 1971. She graduated Bristol
    University in 1992 with a degree in Theatre.
    Sarah Kane suffered from severe
    depression throughout her adult life, and
    committed suicide in 1999 by overdosing
    and then hanging herself while under
    treatment at London's King's College
    Hospital, as referenced to in 4.48. Kane
    chose to write in the medium of theatre
    because “Theatre has no memory, which
    makes it the most existential of the arts...I
    keep coming back in the hope that
    someone in a darkened room somewhere
    will show me an image that burns itself into
    my mind.” Sarah Kane’s theatre is bold,
    revolutionary, and uncompromising.
    In Yer Face Theatre emerged within Britain
    drama during what is often called the
    “Nasty 90s”. Author Aleks Sierz describes
    In Yer Face theatre as a “kind of theatre
    which grabs the audience by the scruff of
    the neck and shakes it until it gets the
    message”. These type of contemporary
    plays took violence, sexuality, insanity, and
    other cultural taboos and aggressively
    invades the comfort zone of the average
    audience member. The three predominant
    playwrights of In Yer Face Theatre are
    Sarah Kane, Mark Ravenhill, and Anthony
    Neilson .
    4.48 Psychosis was Sarah Kane’s last written
    play, and many critics refer to it as Kane’s “75
    minute suicide note”. 4.48 explores the
    relationship between sanity and insanity, of
    reality and delusion, and self with others.
    Written more as a free form poem than as a
    script, 4.48 is renowned for it’s flexibility and
    has been compared to the poetry of e.e.
    cummings.

    Why “4.48”?: The title of the play has been


    long debated, and many theories exist as to
    why Sarah Kane titled her play as such. The
    most agreed upon theory is that 4:48 AM is the
    time Kane would regularly wake up at, in her
    most depressed state– her “darkest hour”
    before the sun begins to rise. Some say that
    she decided to commit suicide at 4:48, others
    say it was the time Kane felt most sane.
    Productions:
    4.48 was first produced at Royal Court Theatre Upstairs in London,
    June 2000, almost a year after Kane’s suicide . The cast originally
    was two females and one male role, and was highly controversial.
    Since then, 4.48 has been translated into numerous languages, and
    has been a popular play in many countries, the top being Britain,
    Germany, and, interestingly enough, South Korea. Recent
    productions of 4.48 include the simultaneous runs at the Barbican
    in London, and the York Theatre Royal presently, and notably was
    performed last October in New York.
    “Symptoms: No eating, not sleeping, not
    speaking, no sex drive, wants to die.” (21)

    PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGIAL DISORDERS: Physical


    disorders which occur from the interaction of
    biological, psychological, and sociocultural
    factors. Examples: ulcers, hypertension,
    migraines, etc.

    INSOMNIA:
    Insomnia is a psychophysiological disorder in
    which patients have difficulty falling asleep or
    maintaining sleep. Insomnia plagues roughly
    35% of the population each year. Insomnia may
    be caused by a combination of psychosocial
    factors, such as high levels of anxiety or
    depression, and physiological problems, such
    as an overactive arousal system or certain
    medical ailments.
    GENDER IDENTITY DISORDER:
    “the broken hermaphrodite who trusted hermself alone finds the
    room in reality teeming and begs never to wake from the
    nightmare” (3)

    Most people feel like and identify themselves as males or females,


    however not everyone is lucky enough to have such black-and-white
    clarity. Gender Identity Disorder is a disorder which is characterized by
    significant distress or impairment, persistent discomfort with one’s sex or
    a sense of inappropriateness in the gender role of that sex, as well as
    strong and persistent cross-gender identification. GID is rare, effecting
    less than 1% of adults. Most individuals with GID have difficulty engaging
    sexually, as well as find their genitals repugnant (as referenced in the
    script on page 5). There is no solid evidence that explains the
    occurrence of GID, however there may be a genetic factor because GID
    sometimes runs in families.
    GENDER IDENTITY DISORDER CNTD:

    There are three main patterns for GID, one of


    which is called Female-to-Male Gender
    Dysphoria. Characteristics of Female-to-Male
    Dysphoria include being disgusted by the
    female physical changes during puberty, the
    desire to be considered attractive as a male
    rather than as female, and the desire to
    become a male.

    Many people with gender identity disorder


    receive psychotherapy; however, controlled
    studies indicate that most adults with the
    disorder do not come to accept completely
    their birth gender through psychological
    treatment. Thus, many individuals with GID
    seek biological intervention (sex change ,
    hormone treatment, etc).
    BOARDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER:

    A viable diagnosis for Sarah Kane could be borderline personality


    disorder. Borderline personality disorder is characterized by repeated
    instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and mood by
    impulsive behavior. BPD has been described as a “deep emotional
    overload”. Symptoms of BPD include self mutilation, erratic mood swings
    and behavior, and suicide. 75% of all those with BPD try to commit
    suicide, and 10% succeed. People with borderline personality disorder
    frequently form intense, conflict-ridden relationships in which their
    feelings are not necessarily shared by the other person, and also tend to
    have dramatic shifts in identity and sexuality. 1-2.5% of the general
    population suffer from BPD, and 75% of those diagnosed are women.
    Many individuals with BPD experienced childhoods marked with neglect,
    abandonment, and verbal abuse. Many people with BPD are treated with
    antidepressant, antibipolar, antianxiety, and antipsychotic drugs, and
    many are institutionalized.
    SELF MUTILATION: DEPRESSION:
    “(A long silence.) “I am sad
    -Why did you cut your arm? I feel that the future is hopeless and
    - Because it feels fucking great. that things cannot improve” (4)
    Because it feels fucking Depression is a low, sad state
    amazing.” (15) marked by significant levels of sadness,
    lack of energy, low self-worth, guilt, or
    Self-cutting is a means to cope related symptoms. 7% of the population
    with the pain of strong emotions, are diagnosed a year with Major
    intense pressure, or upsetting Depressive Disorder. Females are twice
    relationship problems. The majority as likely to be depressed than males,
    of self-cutters are female. Some and symptoms of depression are the
    most extreme from ages 24-29. Some
    cutters self mutilate as a cry to symptoms of depression include rapid
    others for help, others do it in order weight loss or gain, insomnia or
    to have a greater sense of control in hypersomnia (lots of sleep), fatigue or
    their otherwise unmanageable life. loss of energy, feelings of
    worthlessness, thoughts of suicide.
    Schizophrenia:
    “Patient threatening and uncooperative. Paranoid thoughts– believes
    hospital staff are attempting to poison her….Delusional ideas– believes
    consultant is the antichrist.” (22)

    Schizophrenia is a psychotic disorder in which


    personal, social, and occupational functioning
    deteriorate as a result of strange perceptions,
    unusual emotions, and motor abnormalities. In
    4.48, the main character exhibits both the positive
    symptoms (excesses of thought, emotion, and
    behavior) and negative symptoms (deficits of
    thought, emotion, and behavior). Schizophrenics
    also have delusions, which are a strange false
    belief firmly held despite evidence to the
    contrary. The construction of 4.48 could be
    attributed to “loose associations”– a common
    thinking disturbance in schizophrenia,
    characterized by rapid shifts from one topic of
    conversation to another.
      Sertraline: aka Zoloft. A prescription antidepressant in which one of the
    side-effects are increases in suicidal thought.
      Zopiclone: aka Lunesta. Prescription treatment for insomnia. Very
    addictive and habit forming
      Melleril: Prescription for the symptoms of schizophrenia.
      Lofepramine: A prescription tricylic antidepressant
      Fluoxentine Hydrochloride: aka Prozac. Another antidepressant
    medication.
      Venlafazine: An antidepressant prescription which also treats symptoms of
    social anxiety disorder.
      Anhedonia: an inability to experience any pleasure at all
      sauvigon: green skinned grape from Bordeaux
      Psychoisis: a state in which a person loses contact with reality in key ways

    You might also like