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    Spanish Architecture: in The Philippines

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    RoseAnn Sorongon
    Spanish colonization introduced European architecture to the Philippines. The Spanish built colonial churches, Bahay na Bato stone houses for nobles, and fortifications like Intramuros and Fort Santiago. They also constructed many lighthouses along coastal areas. Well-preserved examples of Spanish-era architecture can still be seen today, including the Bahay na Bato in Vigan and Taal, and Augustinian churches in Paoay, Intramuros, and elsewhere.

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    Spanish Architecture: in The Philippines

    Uploaded by

    RoseAnn Sorongon
    343 views10 pages
    Spanish colonization introduced European architecture to the Philippines. The Spanish built colonial churches, Bahay na Bato stone houses for nobles, and fortifications like Intramuros and Fort Santiago. They also constructed many lighthouses along coastal areas. Well-preserved examples of Spanish-era architecture can still be seen today, including the Bahay na Bato in Vigan and Taal, and Augustinian churches in Paoay, Intramuros, and elsewhere.

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    Spanish Architecture

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    HOA 4

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    Spanish colonization introduced European architecture to the Philippines. The Spanish built colonial churches, Bahay na Bato stone houses for nobles, and fortifications like Intramuros and Fort Santiago. They also constructed many lighthouses along coastal areas. Well-preserved examples of Spanish-era architecture can still be seen today, including the Bahay na Bato in Vigan and Taal, and Augustinian churches in Paoay, Intramuros, and elsewhere.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    343 views10 pages

    Spanish Architecture: in The Philippines

    Uploaded by

    RoseAnn Sorongon
    Spanish colonization introduced European architecture to the Philippines. The Spanish built colonial churches, Bahay na Bato stone houses for nobles, and fortifications like Intramuros and Fort Santiago. They also constructed many lighthouses along coastal areas. Well-preserved examples of Spanish-era architecture can still be seen today, including the Bahay na Bato in Vigan and Taal, and Augustinian churches in Paoay, Intramuros, and elsewhere.

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    of 10

    SPANISH ARCHITECTURE

    In the Philippines

    History of Architecture 4
    Spanish colonization introduced European architecture in to the
    country. The influence of European architecture and its style
    actually came via the Antilles through the Manila Galleon. The
    most lasting legacy of Spain in terms of architecture was its
    colonial churches which were designed by anonymous friar. In
    this era, the nipa hut or Bahay Kubo gave way to the Bahay na
    Bato (stone house) and became the typical house of noble
    Filipinos. The Bahay na Bato followed the nipa hut's arrangements
    such as open ventilation and elevated apartments. The most
    obvious difference between the two houses would be the materials
    that was used to build them. The Bahay na Bato was constructed
    out of brick and stone rather than the traditional bamboo
    materials.

    BAHAY NA BATO

    The Bahay Na Bato, the Colonian Filipino House, is a mixture of


    native Filipino, Spanish and Chinese influences. In Vigan, Ilocos
    Sur, excellently preserved examples of the houses of the noble
    Filipinos can be admired. In Taal, Batangas, the main street is
    still lined with examples of the traditional Filipino homes.

    Vigan City
    FORT SANTIAGO

    Fort Santiago (Fuerza de Santiago) is a defense fortress built for


    Spanish conquistador, Miguel López de Legazpi. The fort is part
    of the structures of the walled city of Intramuros, in Manila,
    Philippines. The location of Fort Santiago was also once the site
    of the palace and kingdom of Rajah Suliman, chieftain of Manila
    of pre-Spanish era. It was destroyed by the conquistadors upon
    arriving in 1570, encountering several bloody battles with the
    Muslims and native Tagalogs. The Spaniards destroyed the native
    settlements and erected Fuerza de Santiago in1571.

    INTRAMUROS

    Intramuros, located along the southern bank of the Pasig River,


    was built by the Spaniards in the 16th century and is the oldest
    district of the city of Manila. Its name, taken from the Latin,
    intra muros, literally "Within the walls", meaning within the wall
    enclosure of the city/fortress, also describes its structure as it
    is surrounded by thick, high walls and moats. During the Spanish
    colonial period, Intramuros was considered Manila itself.
    PACO PARK

    Paco Park was planned as a municipal cemetery for the well-off


    and established aristocratic Spanish families who resided in the
    old Manila, or the city within the walls of Intramuros during the
    Spanish colonial era.

    Most of the wealthy families interred the remains of their loved


    ones inside the municipal cemetery in what was once the district
    of Dilao (former name for Paco). The cemetery was built in the
    late 1700s but was completed several decades later and in 1822,
    the cemetery was used to inter victims of a cholera epidemic
    that swept across the city.

    The cemetery is circular in shape, with an inner circular fort


    that was the original cemetery and with the niches that were
    placed or located within the hollow walls. As the population
    continued to grow, a second outer wall was built with the thick
    adobe walls were hollowed as niches and the top of the walls
    were made into pathways for promenades.

    A Roman Catholic chapel was built inside the walls of the Paco
    Park and it was dedicated to St. Pancratius.
    AUGUSTINIAN CHURCHES

    The order of the Augustinians, Augustinian Province of the Most


    Holy Name of Jesus of the Philippines, build many churches all
    over the Philippines. These magnificent structures can still be
    found all over the Philippine Islands. The Augustinian Historians
    Fathers Policarpo F. Hernández and Pedro G. Galende, coffee table
    book "Angels in Stone" documents all the churches built by the
    Augustinians throughout the Philippines over the centuries.

    The San Augustine church in Paoay, Ilocos Norte, is the most


    famous of these churches. This unique specimen of Filipino
    architecture from the Spanish area has been included in the
    World Heritage Sites List of the Unesco. The church was built by
    the Augustinian friars from 1694 until 1710. It shows the
    earthquake proof baroque style architecture.

    The interior of the San Agustín Church in Intramuros, with


    magnificent trompe l'oeil mural on its ceiling and walls

    San Agustín Church and Monastery, built between 1587 and1606,


    is one of the oldest churches in the Philippines, and the only
    building left intact after the destruction of Intramuros during
    the Battle of Manila (1945). The present structure is actually the
    third to stand on the site and has survived seven major
    earthquakes, as well as the wars in Manila. The church remains
    under the care of the Augustinians who founded it.

    The San Agustín Church lies inside the walled city of


    Intramuros located in the capital city Manila, Philippines. It is
    the first European stone church to be built in the
    Philippines designed in Spanish architectural structure. The
    church also houses the legacies of the Spanish conquistadors,
    Miguel López de Legazpi, Juan de Salcedo and Martín de Goiti who
    are buried and laid to rest in a tomb, underneath the church.

    The church has 14 side chapels and atrompe-l'oeil ceiling. Up in


    the choir loft are the hand-carved 17th-century seats of molave,
    a beautiful tropical hardwood. Adjacent to the church is a small
    museum run by the Augustinian order, featuring antique
    vestments, colonial furniture, and religious paintings and icons.
    Together with three other ancient churches in the country, it
    was designated as part of the World Heritage Site "Baroque
    Churches of the Philippines" in 1993.

    Panay Church Paoay Church

    San Agustin Church Miag-ao Church (Iloilo)

    Minor Basilica of Sto.


    Nino (Cebu)

    Boljoon Church (Cebu)


    LIGHTHOUSES

    During the Spanish and American era many lighthouses were


    constructed around the Philippine Islands. The most Northeastern
    Lighthouse can be found in Burgos, Ilocos Norte.

    Examples:

    Corregidor. Located on an island in Manila Bay. The original 1835


    lighthouse was the oldest in the colony when the Americans
    arrived. It had an unusual design, a circular stone tower rising
    from the center of an octagonal stone dwelling. The lighthouse
    was nearly destroyed during World War II, when American forces
    held out for months on Corregidor. It was demolished in 1950
    and its stones were used in the construction of a new lighthouse.
    The new building has the general form of the old one, with the
    tower rising from the center of a building, but it is not a replica.
    The new tower is octagonal rather than round, and the building
    at the base appears to be 12-sided.
    Cabo Bojeador. One of the best known of all Philippine lighthouses,
    located at the northwestern corner of Luzon. It is a 65 ft (20
    m) octagonal stone tower completed in 1892. The original lantern
    and lens remain, although the lens was badly damaged by an
    earthquake in 1990; the active lens is outside the lantern, I
    believe. This is one of the few Philippine lighthouses still staffed,
    although the principal function of the keepers is to lead tours.
    Noche found this light station to be in need of renovation. In
    June 2003 the government of Ilocos Norte province set up a
    nonprofit organization, Cape Bojeador Lighthouse Development Inc.,
    to "rehabilitate" the lighthouse as one of the principal tourist
    attractions of the province. Work finally began in 2014 and the
    lighthouse is now in good condition.

    Punta Bugui. Bugui Point is the northwestern point of Masbate, a


    significant waypoint on the so-called "Southern Passage" from
    San Bernardino Strait to Manila. This light is missing from the
    1898 list, and I believe it was incomplete at the time of the
    Spanish-American War. The Americans placed the light in service
    in 1903. The lighthouse has been replaced by a modern tower.
    Cabo Melville. This station is at the opposite end of the Philippines
    from Cabo Bojeador: it stands on the southern tip of Balabac
    Island looking across the Balabac Strait to Borneo. The lighthouse
    is a 90 ft octagonal brick tower also completed in 1892. It is
    conical in form, rather than cylindrical like Cabo Bojeador. Noche
    has no report posted on the condition of this very remote light
    station. The lighthouse is stading but detriorating; the light has
    been moved to a modern tower.

    Punta Capones. This light station is on Capones Island, off the


    west coast of Luzon north of Manila. The lighthouse, built off the
    same plans as Isla de Cabra, is a 56 ft (17 m) square brick
    tower completed in 1890. The lantern and lens have been replaced
    with modern equipment. Noche found the tower to be in fairly
    good condition but the keeper's house was in bad shape.
    SPANISH CHURCHES IN THE PHILIPPINES:

    Calasiao, Pangasinan

    Laoag Church, Ilocos Norte

    Las Pinas Church

    Loboc Church, Bohol

    Manila Cathedral

    Miagao Church, Iloilo

    Morong Church, Rizal

    Panay Church

    Quiapo Church

    San Agustin Church

    San Sebastian Church

    Taal Church, Batangas

    Sta. Ana Church, Manila

    Sto. Nino Church, Cebu

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