Passed: Passed Is The Past Tense of To Pass. For Everything Else, Use Past

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Passed is the past tense of to pass. For everything else, use past.

There is often confusion over the words passed and past.

Passed
The word passed is the past tense of the verb to pass, e.g., I pass (present tense), I passed and
I have passed (both past tense), and I will pass (future tense).

Examples:

 She passed the exam with distinction.

(In this example, to pass = to be successful in a test)

 The operator has already passed the note to the typist.

(In this example, to pass = to hand over)


(Here, passed is a past passive participle.)

 The lion passed the zebra without so much as a glance.

(In this example, to pass = to move past)


To pass often means to move past, and this is where confusion can arise. Of note, to pass can
also mean to sail past, to fly past, to run past, to hop past, etc. - the method of moving is
irrelevant. This is worth bearing in mind because if you have used a verb indicating motion
already, then it will be partnered with past and not passed. Remember, passed is the past
tense of the verb to pass. This is a 100% rule.

 The lion passed the zebra without so much as a glance.


 The lion wandered past the zebra without so much as a glance.
 The Harrier passed at an altitude of 100 feet.
 The Harrier flew past at an altitude of 100 feet.

Past
The word past has several meanings (usually related to time before the present or to indicate
movement from one side of a reference point to the other side.) Past can be used as an
adjective, an adverb, a noun or a preposition:

As an Adjective, past denotes time before the present.

 This past year has been difficult for the recruiters.


 She loves to tell us about past dance competitions in the hall.

As a Noun past means the time before the present.


 That's all in the past.
 Can you dig into his past?

As an Adverb, past means beyond or denotes movement from one side of a reference point
to the other.

 Don't go past.

 Alan ran past.

(Note: The word past is acting as an adverb in each of these examples. However, it
could be argued that the word past is a preposition forming part of phrasal verb (like
to run away or to jump up). See the similar examples below.)
As a Preposition. As a preposition, past means beyond or denotes movement from one side
of a reference point to the other.

 Don't go past the gate.

(past = beyond)

 Alan ran past the postman.

(past = denotes movement from one side to the other)


Select the correct version:

At quarter passed / past six this morning, the drone passed / past the crash site of the
passenger aircraft. It flew passed / past the crash site four times, taking fifteen pictures on the
last pass. When it landed back at the ground station, the photographs were downloaded and
passed / past to the communications team, who passed / past them to the New York office via
satellite.

SUBSTITUTE WITH WENT PAST

When referring to movement (i.e., not passing tests or handing stuff over), only use passed
when it is the past tense of the verb to pass. To test whether passed is correct, substitute it
with went past. If your sentence still makes sense, then passed is the correct version.

 He passed the shop.


 He went past the shop.

(Still makes sense – passed is correct)

 He skipped passed the shop.


 He skipped went past the shop.

(Not correct – passed is wrong)

SUBSTITUTE WITH GONE PAST

On occasion, it may be necessary to use gone past to test whether passed is correct. This is
because passed is also the past passive participle of to pass.

 He has passed the dockyard.


 He has gone past the dockyard.

(Still makes sense – passed is correct)

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