Digital Control: Laboratorios LA-FM-007 Versión: 4 Fecha: 15/03/2019 Página 1 de 9
Digital Control: Laboratorios LA-FM-007 Versión: 4 Fecha: 15/03/2019 Página 1 de 9
Digital Control: Laboratorios LA-FM-007 Versión: 4 Fecha: 15/03/2019 Página 1 de 9
INFORMACIÓN BÁSICA
NOMBRE DE LA PRÁCTICA:
PRÁCTICA No.: 3
DIGITAL CONTROL
ASIGNATURA:
LABORATORIO A UTILIZAR:
Biomedical Laboratory
CONTENIDO DE LA GUÍA
(Para elaborar por el Docente)
COMPETENCIAS DISCIPLINARES.
Examine the transformation of elements, in order to solve problems in the different areas where
control can be applied, considering the challenges that arise in the hospital environment. To
discriminate the modeling of mechanical, electrical and other systems, in order to solve needs in the
different areas where control can be applied, considering the challenges that arise in the hospital
environment.
COMPETENCIAS INVESTIGATIVAS.
Search and select proper information about a specific topic. Experience the different types of
elements that make up the control system in order to solve needs in the different areas where control
can be applied, considering the challenges that arise in the clinical environment.
MARCO TEORICO.
Mechanical systems
FORMATO PARA PRACTICAS DE LABORATORIO
Consider the system shown in figure It consists of a block with mass m connected to a wall by a
spring. The input is the applied force u(t), and the output is the displacement y(t) measured from the
equilibrium position. Before developing an equation to describe the system, we first discuss the
characteristics of the friction and spring. The friction between the block and the floor is very complex.
It generally consists of three parts—static, Coulomb, and viscous frictions—as shown in Figure 1.
Note that the coordinates are friction versus velocity. When the mass is stationary or its velocity is
zero, we need a certain amount of force to overcome the static friction to start its movement. Once
the mass is moving, there is a constant friction, called the Coulomb friction, which is independent of
velocity. The viscous friction is generally modeled as
where k1 is called the viscous friction coefficient. This is a linear equation. Most texts on general
physics discuss only static and Coulomb frictions. In this text, however, we consider only viscous
friction; static and Coulomb frictions will be disregarded. By so doing, we can model the friction as a
linear phenomenon.
In general physics, Hooke’s law states that the displacement of a spring is proportional to the applied
force, that is
where k2 is called the spring constant. This equation is plotted in Figure with the dotted line. It implies
that no matter how large the applied force is, the displacement equals force/&2- This certainly cannot
be true in reality; if the applied force is larger than the elastic limit, the spring will break. In general,
the characteristic of a physical spring has the form of the solid line shown in Figure. We see that
if the applied force is outside the range [A', B'], the characteristic is quite different from the dotted
line. However, if the applied force lies inside the range [A', B'], called the linear operational range,
then the characteristic can very well be represented by first eq. We shall use first eq as a model for
the spring.
We now develop an equation to describe the system by using first eq and considering only the
viscous friction in second eq. The applied force u(t) must overcome the friction and the spring force,
FORMATO PARA PRACTICAS DE LABORATORIO
Or
This is an ordinary linear differential equation with constant coefficients. It is important to remember
that this equation is obtained by using the linearized relation in first eq and considering only the
viscous friction in second eq Therefore, it is applicable only for a limited operational range.
Consider now the rotational system shown in Figure 2. The input is the applied torque T(t) and the
output is the angular displacement θ ( t ) of the load. The shaft is not rigid and is modeled by a
torsional spring. Let J be the moment of inertia of the load and the shaft. The friction between the
shaft and bearing may consist of static, Coulomb, and viscous frictions. As in Figure 2, we consider
only the viscous friction. Let kt be the viscous friction coefficient and k2 the torsional spring constant.
dθ
Then the torque generated by the friction equals k 1 x and the torque generated by the spring is k2
dt
θ (t). The applied torque T(t) must overcome the friction and spring torques; the remainder is used to
accelerate the load. Thus, we have
Or
Chen, C. (2006).
.
CONSULTA PREVIA.
FORMATO PARA PRACTICAS DE LABORATORIO
Develop a conceptual chart about the next topics, digitalize and consign it here:
PALABRAS CLAVE
Control engineering
METODOLOGÍA.
The students could work in groups up to 2. The main idea of the laboratory is developing a different
type of circuits, than will manage voltage and current for different kind of electrical and electronic
components. Use different types of circuits to make an open/close loop angle position control.
PROCEDIMIENTO A UTILIZAR.
Session One
Use a potentiometer to set the user angle, this angle would be increase or decrease depend on his
value, the user will see the angle in a Steeper motor than have in center an angle measurement
circle, you have to control the movement of the stepper motor with an open loop control.
Session two
Use a potentiometer to set the user angle, this angle would be increase or decrease depend on his
value, the user will see the angle in a Steeper motor than have in center an angle measurement
circle, you have to control the movement of the stepper motor with an close loop control.
BIBLIOGRAFÍA RECOMENDADA.
Chen, C. (2006). Analog and digital control system design. Oxford University Press. (Colección
biblioteca UMB)
Ogata, K. (2016). Modern control engineering. [Delhi]: Pearson. (Colección biblioteca UMB)
Benjamin Kuo. (1996). Sistemas de Control Automático. México:Prentice Hall. (Colección biblioteca
UMB)
Bolton, William. (2001). Ingeniería de Control.México: Alfaomega. (Colección biblioteca UMB)
INFORME DE LABORATORIO
(Para elaborar por el Estudiante)
ESTUDIANTES: ASIGNATURA:
GRUPO:
NOTA:
RESULTADOS.
Please, develop here the math and other instances than support your laboratory in:
Control the movement of the stepper motor with an open loop control.
Control the movement of the stepper motor with an close loop control.
CUESTIONARIO.
¿What was the most complex part to design in open loop control?
¿ What was the most complex part to design in open loop control?
¿Are you calculate the proper math to provide the proper movement and angle sustain?
CAUSAS DE ERROR Y ACCIONES PARA OBTENER MEJORES RESULTADOS. El estudioso describirá las
variables que a su consideración dificultaron el alcance de las habilidades propuestas
FORMATO PARA PRACTICAS DE LABORATORIO
CONCLUSIONES. El estudiante consignará en este espacio la síntesis de los logros alcanzados a través del
desarrollo de la práctica de Laboratorio.
RUBRICA DE EVALUACIÓN.
3.
4.
5.
6.
FORMATO PARA PRACTICAS DE LABORATORIO
GRUPAL % 0 – 1,5 1,6 - 2,9 3,0 - 3,9 4,0 - 4,5 4,6 - 5,0 NOTA
(aprender a hacer)Procedimental
60%
Infiere la
Se limita a la Hace relaciones Analiza la
Hace uso adecuado de los conceptos al Hace referencia información
recopilación de básicas de la información
momento de aplicarlos en la práctica a la información obtenida y la
la información información con relacionada con
experimental propuesta en la práctica relaciona con su
solicitada la práctica la práctica
realidad
propuesto por el
y la escucha de diferentes propuestas propuesto por el acuerdo a manera manera
equipo
equipo parámetros responsable y responsable y
básicos puntual puntual
2.5%
A veces muestra
Frecuentemente una actitud Muestra una Muestra una
Muestra una
reprocha el favorable frente actitud favorable sobresaliente
buena actitud
trabajo de sus a la clase y se frente a la clase actitud frente a la
Cuida, respeta y exige respeto frente a la frente a la clase
pares y docente, limita a e interactúa clase e interactúa
interacción con sus pares y docentes e interactúa con
y justifica sus responder por ocasionalmente frecuentemente
sus pares y
carencias en el las condiciones con sus pares y con sus pares y
docente
trabajo en grupo básicas del docente docente
trabajo
(aprender a convivir)Comunicativa
Construye el
Construye el Construye de
informe de Construye de
Practica el uso de lenguaje escrito como No construye el informe de manera
laboratorio de buena manera el
medio de identificación y diferenciación informe de laboratorio de sobresaliente el
acuerdo a los informe de
en la elaboración de informes laboratorio manera informe de
requerimientos laboratorio
incompleta laboratorio
mínimos
2.5%
respuesta a las situaciones problema usa son poco diversidad. Además están
Presenta los Adicionalmente
evidenciados en la consulta previa y en el confiables y no Además no están actualizadas y
parámetros son fiables y
informe de laboratorio contribuyen a la actualizadas y contienen
aceptables por el contribuyen al
construcción del contienen docente tema información
eje central información relevante al tema