1.

Min Z= 3x1+5x2 , X1 = ingredient 1, X2=ingredient 2

Subject to

10x1+2x2≥20

6x1+6x2≥36

x2≥2

x1, x2≥0

 Cannonical Form :

Min Z= 3x1+5x2

10x1+2x2≥20

6x1+6x2≥36

x2≥2

x1, x2≥0

 Dual Form :

Max Z= 20y1+36y2+2y3

10y1+ 6y2+0y3 ≤ 3

2y1+6y2+ y3 ≤ 5

 Standard form :

Z-20y1-36y2-2y3-0s1-0s2=0

10y1+6y2+0y3+s1+0s2=3

2y1+6y2+y3+0s1+s2=5

y1,y2, s1, s2 ≥ 0

Basic y1 y2 y3 s1 s2 RHS index

Z -20 -36 -2 0 0 0 0
s1 10 6 0 1 0 3 0,5
s2 2 6 1 0 1 5 0,83

Basic y1 y2 y3 s1 s2 RHS index

Z 40,1 0 -2 6 0 18 -9
y2 1,67 1 0 0,167 0 0,5 ∞
s2 -8 0 1 6 1 2 2

Basic y1 y2 y3 s1 s2 RHS
Z 24,1 0 0 4 2 22
Y2 1,67 1 0 0,167 0 0,5
Y3 -8 0 1 -1 1 2
Optimal solution :
X1= S1= 4

X2= S2= 2

Z= 3X1+5X2= 3(4)+5(2)=22

10X1+ 2X2≥ 20= 44

6X1+6X2 ≥ 36= 36

2. Min Z = 200x1+160x2
6x1+2x2 ≥ 12
2x1+2x2 ≥ 8
4x1+12x2 ≥ 24
x1, x2 ≥ 0
 Dual Form :
Z = 12y1+8y2+24y3
6y1+2y2+4y3 ≤ 200
2y1+2y2+12y3 ≤ 160
y1, y2 ≥ 0
 Standard Form :
Z-12y1-8y2-24y3+0S1+0S2 = 0
6y1+2y2+4y3+S1+0S2 = 200
2y1+2y2+12y3+0S1+S2 = 160
Basic Y1 Y2 Y3 S1 S2 RHS Index
var
Z -12 -8 -24 0 0 0 0
S1 6 2 4 1 0 200 50
S2 2 2 12 0 1 160 13,33

Basic Y1 Y2 Y3 S1 S2 RHS Index

var
Z -7,9 -3,9 0 0 1,9 319,9 -40,5
S1 5,8 1,3 0 1 -0,3 146,7 27,6
Y3 0,167 0,167 1 0 0,083 13,33 79,8

Basic Y1 Y2 Y3 S1 S2 RHS Index

var
Z 0 -1,9 0 1,5 1,4 538,73 -283,3
Y1 1 0,25 0 0,19 -0,06 27,7 110,8
Y3 0 0,13 1 -0,03 0,09 8,7 66,9

Basic Y1 Y2 Y3 S1 S2 RHS
 var
Z 0 0 14,6 1,12 2,73 665,64
Y1 1 0 -1,9 0,24 -0,24 10,9
Y2 0 1 7,7 -0,2 0,7 66,9
Optimal solution :
X1 = S1 = 1,12
X2 = S2= 2,73
Z = 200X1+160X2=665,64

3. Min Z= 0,05x1+ 0,03x2

8 x1+ 6 x2 ≥ 48

x1 + 2 x2 ≥ 12

x1, x2 ≥ 0

Max Z= 48 y1 + 12 y2

8 y1 + y2 ≤ 0,05

6 y1 + 2 y2 ≤ 0,03

Y1, y2 ≥0

Standard Form :

Z- 48 y1 - 12 y2 + 0 s1 + 0 s2 = 0

8 y1 + y2 + 1 s1 + 0 s2 = 0,05

6 y1 + 2 y2 + 0 s1 + 1 s2 = 0,03

y1, y2, s1, s2 ≥0

Basic Var Y1 Y2 S1 S2 RHS Index

Z -48 -12 0 0 0 0

S1 8 1 1 0 0,05 0,00625

S2 6 2 0 1 0,03 0,005
 Basic Var Y1 Y2 S1 S2 RHS

Z 0 4 0 8 0,24

Y1 0 -1,67 1 -1,3 0,01

S2 1 0,33 0 0,167 0,05

X1=S1= 0 Ounce oat

X2= S2= 8 Ounce rice

Y1= 0

Y2= 4

Z= 0,05x1+ 0,03x2=0,05(0)+0,03(8)=0,24
4. Minimize Z=0.06X1+0.10X2
Subject to 4X1+3X2≥12
3X1+6X2≥12
5X1+2X2≥10
X1, X2≥0

 Dual Form :
Z'= 12y1+12y2+10y3
4y1+3y2+5y3≤0,06
3y1+6y2+2y3≤0,1

 Standard Form :
Z'=12y1+12y2+10y3
4y1+3y2+5y3+s1=0,06
3y1+6y2+2y3+s2=0,1
Max Z'-12y1-12y2-10y3+0s1+0s2=0
4y1+3y2+5y3+s1+0s2=0,06
3y1+6y2+2y3+0s1+s2=0,1

Basic Y1 Y2 Y3 S1 S2 RHS Index

var
Z -12 -12 -10 0 0 0 0
S1 4 3 5 1 0 0,06 0,015
 S2 3 6 2 0 1 0.1 0.033

Basic Y1 Y2 Y3 S1 S2 RHS Index

var
Z 0 -3 5 3 0 0,18 -0,06
Y1 1 0,75 1,25 0,25 0 0,015 0,02
S2 0 3,75 -1,75 -0,75 1 0,055 0,0146

Basic Y1 Y2 Y3 S1 S2 RHS
var
Z 0 0 3,6 2,4 0,8 0,224
Y1 1 0 1,6 0,4 -0,2 0,4
Y2 0 1 -0,4667 -0,2 0,267 0,0146
Optimal solution :
S2= X2= 0,8
S1= X1= 2,4
Y3= 3,6
Z=0.06X1+0.10X2
= 0.06 (2,4)+0,10(0,8)
=0,144+0,08 =0,224
5. Minimize Z = 120x1 + 40x2 + 240x3
Subject to
4x1 + x2 + 3x3 ≥ 27
2x1 + 6x2 + 3x3 ≥ 30
x1, x2, x3 ≥ 0
 Dual Form :
Min Z’ = 27Y1 + 30Y2
4Y1 + 2Y2 ≤ 120
Y1 + 6Y2 ≤ 40
3Y1 + 3Y2 ≤ 240

 Standart Form
Min Z’ = 27Y1 + 30Y2
4Y1 + 2Y2 + S1 = 120
Y1 + 6Y2+ S2 = 40
3Y1 + 3Y2 + S3 = 240
Y1, Y2, S1, S2, S3 ≥ 0

Min Z’- 27Y1 - 30Y2 = 0

4Y1 + 2Y2 + S1 = 120
Y1 + 6Y2+ S2 = 40
3Y1 + 3Y2 + S3 = 240
Y1, Y2, S1, S2, S3 ≥ 0
 Basic Y1 Y2 S1 S2 S3 RHS Index
var
Z -27 -30 0 0 0 0 0
S1 4 2 1 0 0 120 60
S2 1 6 0 1 0 40 6,67
S3 3 2 0 0 1 240 80

Basic Y1 Y2 S1 S2 S3 RHS Index

var
Z -22 0 0 5 0 200 -100/3
S1 11/3 0 1 -1/3 0 320/3 320/11
Y2 1/6 1 0 1/6 0 20/3 40
S3 5/2 0 0 -1/2 1 220 88

Basic Y1 Y2 S1 S2 S3 RHS
Var
Z 0 0 6 3 0 840
S1 1 0 3/11 -1/11 0 320/11
Y2 0 1 -1/22 2/11 0 20/11
S3 0 0 -15/22 -3/11 1 1620/11
Optimal solution :
Z=840 , X1=S1=6 , X2=S2=3 , X3=S3=0 , Y1=0 , Y2=0
6. Minimize Z = 40x1 + 55x2 + 30x3
Subject to
x1 + 2x2 + 3x3 ≤ 60
2x1 + x2 + x3 = 40
x1 + 3x2 + x3 ≥ 50
5x2 +3x3≥ 100
x1, x2, x3 ≥ 0
 Standart Form :
Min Z = 40X1+55X2+30X3
Subject to
X1+2X2+3X3 +S1 = 60
2X1+X2+X3 = 40
X1+3X2+X3 -S2 = 50
5X2+3X3 –S3 = 100
1,X2,X3,S1,S2 ≥ 0

Min Z = 40X1+55X2+30X3+MA1+MA2+MA3
Subject to
 X1+2X2+3X3 +S1 = 60
2X1+X2+X3+A1 = 40
X1+3X2+X3 -S2 +A2= 50
5X2+3X3 –S3+A3 = 100
X1,X2,X3,S1,S2 ≥ 0

A1= 40-2X1-X2-X3
A2=50-X1-3X2-X3+S2
A3=100-5X2-3X3+S3
Z = 40X1+55X2+30X3+(40-2X1-X2-X3)M+(50-X1-3X2-X3+S2)M+(100-5X2-3X3+S3)M
=40X1+55X2+30X3+40M-2MX1-MX2-MX3+50M-MX1-3MX2-MX3+MS2+100M-5X2-
3MX3+MS3
Initial values :

Basic X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 A1 A2 A3 BFS
var
Z -40 -55 -30 0 0 0 -M -M -M 0
S1 1 2 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 60
R1 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 40
R2 1 3 1 0 -1 0 0 1 0 50
R3 0 5 3 0 0 -1 0 0 1 100

The start table :

Basic X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 A1 A2 A3 BFS
var
Z 3M 9M 5M 0 -M -M 0 0 0 190M
S1 1 2 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 60
R1 2 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 40
R2 1 3 1 0 -1 0 0 1 0 50
R3 0 5 3 0 0 -1 0 0 1 100

Iteration 1 :

Basi X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 A1 A2 A3 BFS
c var
Z -65/3 0 2M 0 2M -M 0 -3M 0 40M + 275/3
S1 1/3 0 7/3 1 2/3 0 0 -2/3 0 80/3
R1 5/3 0 2/3 0 1/3 0 1 -1/3 0 70/3
X2 1/3 1 1/3 0 -1/3 0 0 1/3 0 50/3
R3 -5/3 0 4/3 0 5/3 -1 0 -5/3 1 50/3

Iteration 2 :

Basic X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 A1 A2 A3 BFS
var
Z -M 0 0 -M 2M -M 0 -3M 0 18M
X3 1/7 0 1 3/7 2/7 0 0 -2/7 0 80/7
 R1 11/7 0 0 -2/7 1/7 0 1 -1/7 0 110/7
X2 2/7 1 0 -1/7 -3/7 0 0 3/7 0 90/7
R3 -13/7 0 0 -4/7 9/7 -1 0 -9/7 1 10/7

Iteration 3 :

Basic X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 A1 A2 A3 BFS
var
Z 2M 0 0 -M 0 M 0 -M -2M 16M
X3 5/9 0 1 5/9 0 2/9 0 0 -2/9 100/9
R1 16/9 0 0 -2/9 0 1/9 1 0 -1/9 140/9
X2 -1/3 1 0 -1/3 0 -1/3 0 0 1/3 40/3
S2 -13/3 0 0 -4/9 1 -7/9 0 -1 7/9 10/9

Iteration 4 :

Basic X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 S3 A1 A2 A3 BFS
var
Z 0 0 0 -55/8 0 - -M -M -M 5725/
145/1 4
6
X3 0 0 1 5/8 0 3/16 -5/16 0 -3/16 25/4
X1 1 0 0 -1/8 0 1/16 9/16 0 -1/16 35/4
X2 0 1 0 -3/8 0 -5/16 3/16 0 5/16 65/4
S2 0 0 0 -5/8 1 -11/16 13/16 -1 11/16 55/4

The optimal solution :

Z = 5725/4 (1431,25), X1 = 35/4 (8,75) , X2 = 65/4 (16,25) , X3 = 25/4 (6,25)
S1 = 0 , S2 = 55/4 (13,75) , S3 = 0
R1 = 0 , R2 = 0 , R3 = 0

7. Maximize Z=X1+2X2+2X3
Subject to
X1+X2+2X3≤12
2X1+X2+5X3=20
X1+X2-X3≥8
X1,X2,X3≥0
Standart form
Z=X1+2X2+2X3-MA1-MA2
X1+X2+2X3+S1=12
2X1+X2+5X3+A1=20
X1+X2-X3-S2+A2=8
I
 Cj 1 2 2 0 0 -M -M Solution Ratio
CBi basic X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 A1 A2
Var
0 S1 1 1 2 1 0 0 0 12 6
-M A1 2 1 5 0 0 1 0 20 4
-M A2 1 1 -1 0 -1 0 1 8 -8
Zj -3M -2M -4M 0 M -M -M
Cj-Zj 1+3M 2+2M 2+4M 0 -M 0 0

II

Cj 1 2 2 0 0 -M Solution Ratio
CBi basic X1 X2 X3 S1 S2 A2
Var
0 S1 1/5 3/5 0 1 0 0 4 20
2 X3 2/5 1/5 1 0 0 0 4 10
-M A2 7/5 6/5 0 0 -1 1 12 60/7
Zj 4/5-7M/5 2/5-6M/5 2 0 M -M
Cj-Zj 1/5+7M/5 8/5+6M/ 0 0 -M 0
5

III

Cj 1 2 2 0 0 Solution Ratio
CBi basic X1 X2 X3 S1 S2
Var
0 S1 0 3/7 0 0 1/7 16/7 16/3
2 X3 0 -1/7 1 0 2/7 4/7 -4
1 X1 1 6/7 0 0 -5/7 60/7 10
Zj 1 4/7 2 0 -1/7 68/7 17
Cj-Zj 0 10/7 0 0 1/7

IV

Cj 1 2 2 0 Solution
CBi basic X1 X2 X3 S2
Var
2 X2 0 1 0 1/3 16/3
2 X3 0 0 1 1/3 4/3
1 X1 1 0 2 -1/3 4
Zj 1 2 4 1 52/3
Cj-Zj 0 0 -2 -1

Optimal solution : X1=4, X2=16/3, X3=4/3

Z= X1+2X2+2X3
= 4+2(16/3)+2(4/3)
=4+32/3+8/3
= 52/3