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    Industrial Relation & Dispute

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    ABHINAV MISHAL
    Industrial disputes between workers and employers have become common in capitalist countries. Such disputes typically lead to strikes, where workers refuse to work, or lockouts, where employers refuse to let workers work. Strikes are more frequent than lockouts. Industrial disputes seriously impact workers, employers, and consumers. To reduce disputes, their causes must be addressed and mechanisms established to settle disputes. The major causes of disputes are demands for higher wages and better working conditions. Common methods to settle disputes are conciliation, where the parties negotiate a solution, and arbitration, where a third party makes a ruling.

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    Industrial Relation & Dispute

    Uploaded by

    ABHINAV MISHAL
    29 views2 pages
    Industrial disputes between workers and employers have become common in capitalist countries. Such disputes typically lead to strikes, where workers refuse to work, or lockouts, where employers refuse to let workers work. Strikes are more frequent than lockouts. Industrial disputes seriously impact workers, employers, and consumers. To reduce disputes, their causes must be addressed and mechanisms established to settle disputes. The major causes of disputes are demands for higher wages and better working conditions. Common methods to settle disputes are conciliation, where the parties negotiate a solution, and arbitration, where a third party makes a ruling.

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    Industrial disputes between workers and employers have become common in capitalist countries. Such disputes typically lead to strikes, where workers refuse to work, or lockouts, where employers refuse to let workers work. Strikes are more frequent than lockouts. Industrial disputes seriously impact workers, employers, and consumers. To reduce disputes, their causes must be addressed and mechanisms established to settle disputes. The major causes of disputes are demands for higher wages and better working conditions. Common methods to settle disputes are conciliation, where the parties negotiate a solution, and arbitration, where a third party makes a ruling.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    29 views2 pages

    Industrial Relation & Dispute

    Uploaded by

    ABHINAV MISHAL
    Industrial disputes between workers and employers have become common in capitalist countries. Such disputes typically lead to strikes, where workers refuse to work, or lockouts, where employers refuse to let workers work. Strikes are more frequent than lockouts. Industrial disputes seriously impact workers, employers, and consumers. To reduce disputes, their causes must be addressed and mechanisms established to settle disputes. The major causes of disputes are demands for higher wages and better working conditions. Common methods to settle disputes are conciliation, where the parties negotiate a solution, and arbitration, where a third party makes a ruling.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 2

    Industrial Relations: Causes

    and Settlement of Disputes


    Industrial Disputes:
    Industrial disputes between labour and capital have become more
    or less a normal feature of industrial life in capitalist countries.

    Such disputes either lead to a strike, which means refusal of


    workers to go to work, or to a lock-out, which consists in the
    employers refusing to allow workers to work.

    Strikes are more common than lock-outs since the aggrieved party,
    the worker, mostly takes the initiative.

    Industrial disputes leading to strikes have serious


    consequences for the life of the community:
    The workers, the capitalists, and the consumers all have to suffer.
    The workers lose their wages, the employers their profits and their
    hold on markets, especially of foreign markets, and the consumers
    have to go without the service supplied by the industry concerned.

    It is necessary for all concerned, therefore, to create conditions


    which will reduce to the minimum the chances of industrial
    disputes. Further, machinery must be created to settle disputes
    when they occur. The first involves the investigation of causes of
    industrial disputes.

    Causes of Industrial Disputes:


    Broadly speaking, there are five important causes which
    lead to industrial disputes and labour unrest in general:

    1. The desire of the workers for a higher standard of living leading to


    demand for higher wages. To meet this demand various
    modifications in the wage system have been suggested and tried in
    some countries, e.g., the sliding scale system, various bonus
    systems, profit-sharing schemes, fixation of minimum wages, etc.
    2. The desire of the workers for greater economic security. This
    involves the problem of unemployment.

    3. The demand of the workers for some participation in the


    management and control of industry. Several methods are
    suggested to achieve this end.

    4. Disputes arise also on the question of working hours. These are,


    however, now fixed by legislation.

    5. Dismissal of their leader or of a ‘popular’ worker; non-recognition


    of the unions also sometimes causes disputes.

    Settlement of Disputes:
    In spite of all efforts at avoiding occasions and causes of disputes,
    disputes may and do occur. It is, therefore, necessary to have some
    machinery for the settlement of disputes after they have arisen.

    There are usually two methods of meeting such situations:


    (i) Conciliation, and

    (ii) Arbitration.

    Conciliation:
    The essential feature of this method is that the settlement is reached
    by representatives of the workers and the employers themselves,
    with or without the mediation of an outside person.

    Arbitration:
    In the case of arbitration, the question at issue is placed before an
    outside person for settlement. Arbitration may be voluntary as in
    Britain or compulsory as in Australia and New Zealand. Under
    voluntary arbitration, the award is not finding on the parties.

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