Summary C12: Leadership and Trust

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SUMMARY C12 : LEADERSHIP AND TRUST

Definition of Leader and Leadership. Hersey and Blanchard’s Model


-focused on followers’ readiness.
- Leader is someone who can influence others and who has
- Based on 4 leadership styles: telling (high task–low
managerial authority. relationship), selling (high task–high relationship),
participating (low task–high relationship), and delegating
- Leadership is a process of leading a group and influencing
(low task–low relationship).
that group to achieve its goals - 4 stages of readiness which are unable and unwilling (use
telling style); unable but willing (use selling style); able but
unwilling (use participative style); and able and willing (use
delegating style).
Leadership Theories Leader-Participation Model
- Early attempts to define leader traits were unsuccessful, -relate leadership behaviour and participation to decision
but later attempts found eight traits associated with making
leadership. - It uses a decision tree format with seven contingencies and
- Eight traits are drive, desire to lead, honesty and integrity, five alternative leadership styles.
self-confidence, intelligence, job relevant knowledge, Path-Goal Model
extraversion and proneness to guilt. -identified four leadership behaviours: directive, supportive,
- The University of Iowa studies explored three leadership participative, and achievement-oriented.
styles which are democratic style, autocratic style and - the model suggest that a leader should provide direction
Laissez-faire style. However, democratic style was most and support as needed; that is, structure the path so the
effective. followers can achieve goals.
- The Ohio State studies identified two dimensions of leader
behaviour which are initiating structure and consideration. Modern Views of Leadership and Issues
Leader with both behaviours likely achieved high group - A transactional leader exchanges rewards for productivity
task performance and satisfaction. where a transformational leader stimulates and inspires
- While University of Michigan studies conclude that followers to achieve goals.
employee-oriented leaders and production-oriented - 2 priorities of team leader: manage the team’s external
leaders on leadership behaviours. They found out that boundary and facilitate the team process.
employee-oriented have high group productivity and - 4 roles of leader: liaison with external constituencies,
satisfaction. trouble-shooter, conflict manager, and coach.
- Lastly, the Managerial Grid looked at leaders’ concern for Issues
production and concern for people and identified five -Major issues are employee empowerment, national
leader styles. culture, and emotional intelligence.
- In conclusion, leader behaviour will be main on two nature - To cope with situation, leader should adjust their styles as
which are focus on task and people. it to fit in and ensure process run.

Four Major Contingency Leadership Theories Essence of Leadership


Fiedler’s Model - The five dimensions of trust include integrity, competence,
-This model measured leader style which are relationship consistency, loyalty, and truthfulness.
oriented or task oriented using the least-preferred co- -Integrity deal with honesty and truthfulness, while
worker questionnaire. competence involve technical and interpersonal skills.
- Three contingency dimensions defined : leader-member -Consistency relates to reliability of individual doing their
relations, task structure, and position power. task._
- The model suggests that task-oriented leaders performed -Loyalty is an individual’s willingness to protect and save face
best in very favourable and very unfavourable situations, for another person.
and relationship-oriented leaders performed best in
moderately favourable situations.

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