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    IB Biology Study Guide 3

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    Cherry Valance
    The document is an IB Biology study guide covering ecology topics including carbon and nutrient cycles. It contains 12 multiple choice and short answer questions about photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and the formation of peat, coal, oil and gas. The key points covered are: 1) Autotrophs use carbon dioxide and water in photosynthesis. 2) Mollusks, corals and elephants have hard parts made of calcium carbonate. 3) Respiration releases carbon dioxide. 4) Peat is partially decomposed organic matter. 5) Bacteria and archaeans produce methane through methanogenesis.

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    IB Biology Study Guide 3

    Uploaded by

    Cherry Valance
    62 views3 pages
    The document is an IB Biology study guide covering ecology topics including carbon and nutrient cycles. It contains 12 multiple choice and short answer questions about photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and the formation of peat, coal, oil and gas. The key points covered are: 1) Autotrophs use carbon dioxide and water in photosynthesis. 2) Mollusks, corals and elephants have hard parts made of calcium carbonate. 3) Respiration releases carbon dioxide. 4) Peat is partially decomposed organic matter. 5) Bacteria and archaeans produce methane through methanogenesis.

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    The document is an IB Biology study guide covering ecology topics including carbon and nutrient cycles. It contains 12 multiple choice and short answer questions about photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and the formation of peat, coal, oil and gas. The key points covered are: 1) Autotrophs use carbon dioxide and water in photosynthesis. 2) Mollusks, corals and elephants have hard parts made of calcium carbonate. 3) Respiration releases carbon dioxide. 4) Peat is partially decomposed organic matter. 5) Bacteria and archaeans produce methane through methanogenesis.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    62 views3 pages

    IB Biology Study Guide 3

    Uploaded by

    Cherry Valance
    The document is an IB Biology study guide covering ecology topics including carbon and nutrient cycles. It contains 12 multiple choice and short answer questions about photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and the formation of peat, coal, oil and gas. The key points covered are: 1) Autotrophs use carbon dioxide and water in photosynthesis. 2) Mollusks, corals and elephants have hard parts made of calcium carbonate. 3) Respiration releases carbon dioxide. 4) Peat is partially decomposed organic matter. 5) Bacteria and archaeans produce methane through methanogenesis.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    IB Biology Study Guide – Ecology 4.

    3 Mehr Awan

    1. Autotrophs convert __________ into carbon compounds via __________.


    a. Oxygen, photosynthesis
    b. Carbon dioxide, photosynthesis
    c. Oxygen, cellular respiration
    d. Carbon dioxide, cellular respiration
    2. Which of these organisms have hard parts made of calcium carbonate?
    i. Mollusks
    ii. Elephants
    iii. Coral
    iv. Sharks
    v. Fish
    b. Only I
    c. I, II, and III
    d. Only I and III
    e. All of the above
    3. Carbon dioxide is released from organisms by
    a. Photosynthesis
    b. Transpiration
    c. Respiration
    d. Methanogenesis
    4. Peat is ____.
    a. Fully decomposed organic material
    b. Waste matter
    c. Partially decomposed organic matter
    d. A mix of soil and sand
    5. Which type of organisms participate in converting organic matter to methane?
    a. Bacteria
    b. Producers
    c. Archeans
    d. Both A and B
    6. What unit are carbon fluxes measured in?
    a. Gigatonnes
    b. Megatonnes
    c. Kilojoules
    d. KJ^m-2 yr^-1
    7. Which reaction occurs when organic matter is heated to its ignition temperature?
    a. Explosion
    b. Ignition
    c. Combustion
    d. Oxidation
    8. How can carbon dioxide reduce the pH of water?
    a. ________________________________________________________________________
    ________________________________________________________________________
    ________________________________________________________________________
    b. Write the chemical formula for carbonic acid.
    c. ________________________________________________________________________
    ________________________________________________________________________
    9. Which organism are responsible for methanogenesis?
    a. ________________________________________________________________________
    ________________________________________________________________________
    b. Briefly describe the process of methanogenesis.
    c. ________________________________________________________________________
    ________________________________________________________________________
    ________________________________________________________________________
    10. What are the products of complete combustion?
    a. ________________________________________________________________________
    ________________________________________________________________________
    b. What is an example of combustion that occurs in nature?
    c. ________________________________________________________________________
    ________________________________________________________________________
    ________________________________________________________________________
    11. Describe how peat and consequently coal is formed.
    a. ________________________________________________________________________
    ________________________________________________________________________
    ________________________________________________________________________
    ________________________________________________________________________
    ________________________________________________________________________
    12. Outline how oil and gas are formed.
    a. ________________________________________________________________________
    ________________________________________________________________________
    ________________________________________________________________________
    ________________________________________________________________________
    ________________________________________________________________________
    Answer Key

    1. B
    2. D
    3. C
    4. C
    5. D
    6. A
    7. C
    8. Short Answers
    a. Carbon dioxide is soluble in water, so when it combines with water to form carbonic
    acid, the pH of the water is reduced
    b. H2CO3
    9. Short Answers
    a. Bacteria and Archaeans
    b. Bacteria convert organic material into organic acids, alcohol, hydrogen, and carbon
    dioxide, and other bacteria take this carbon dioxide and alcohol and form acetate,
    carbon dioxide and hydrogen. Finally, archaens convert the carbon dioxide and
    hydrogen into methane gas (CH4)
    10. Short Answers
    a. Oxygen and water
    b. Forest and grassland fires are examples of combustion reactions in nature. Sometimes
    man made, forest fires can also start from lightning strikes or bright sunlight, igniting
    grass or trees.
    11. Peat is formed when soils are anaerobic and therefore unable to sustain saprotrophs. Partially
    decomposed matter begins to accumulate, which forms peat. This peat gets trapped beneath
    layers of sediment. When heat and pressure are applied to the peat/organic material below for
    many years, coal is formed.
    12. Oil and gas are formed at the bottom of lakes or seas. Because these locations and conditions
    are often anaerobic, decomposition is inhibited. As sediments are deposited and build up, the
    partially decomposed material chemical changes produce complex mixtures known as crude oil
    and natural gas.

    Sorry for submitting late, was pulled out of class when you assigned it but I understand it was on myKAA
    I know I had no excuse.

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