Laudato Si Grouprep
Laudato Si Grouprep
Laudato Si Grouprep
Laudato Si’
I. HISTORY
A. WHAT IS AN ENCYCLICAL?
Encyclical is derived from the Greek word for circle, or circular. An encyclical is a
“circular letter” containing authoritative papal teaching. It began as some sort of mail of
the Early Church, forwarded as important letters from the Pope to bishops and other local
churches, and then would again forward them to other bishops and local churches, until
the entire Church received the message.
These documents offer relevant guiding principles for the faithful to reflect on and
need to be taken seriously by the people who have received it. And over the past century,
it covers “social encyclicals” which covers issues such as rights of laborers or the
development of human beings and cultures; which in this case, it covers our right to a
clean environment, and our duty as caretakers to preserve it. Social encyclicals are those
that teach about the state of society, building on a tradition that began with Pope Leo
XIII’s Rerum Novarum in 1891.1
On June 18, 2015, Pope Francis has published and released his 2 nd encyclical entitled,
“Laudato Si: Sulla Cura della Casa Comune”, which was originally written in Latin. It
has183 pages in PDF form, with roughly 40,673 words.
Laudato si is the medieval central Italian for “Praise be to you”, and has the subtitle
“On Care For Our Common Home”. Contained within this is the Pope’s critiques on
1. The Global Catholic Climate Movement. (2018). What is an encyclical?. [online] Available at:
https://catholicclimatemovement.global/what-is-an-encyclical
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An encyclical letter is generally considered one of the highest forms of teaching for a
Catholic Pope. At that time, the word could be used for a letter sent out by any bishop.
However, even though most papal documents are addressed to the bishops of the Church
or the lay faithful, Pope Francis addressed this message to all people. 3
C. ORIGINAL INSPIRATION
"Be praised, my Lord, through all Your creatures, especially through my lord
Brother Sun," St. Francis wrote in the third stanza of the prayer. He then
continued, expressing praise to God for "Sister Moon," "Brothers Wind and Air,"
"Sister Water," "Brother Fire, and "Mother Earth."
With regards to its inclusion, in 1998, the U.S. Bishops identified seven major themes
of Catholic social teaching, among which is "Care for Creation." According to
The Catechism of the Catholic Church, "The seventh commandment enjoins respect for
the integrity of creation. Animals, like plants and inanimate beings, are by nature destined
for the common good of past, present, and future humanity.
2. The Roman Catholic Diocese of Orange. (2018). Papal Encyclical, Laudato Si Released. [online] Available at:
https://www.rcbo.org/papal-encyclical-laudato-si-released
3. Wordonfire.org. (2018). [online] Available at: https://www.wordonfire.org/resources/blog/laudato-si-101-what-to-know-about-
pope-francis-new-encyclical
4. National Catholic Reporter. (2018). Report: Francis' environmental encyclical titled 'Laudato Sii' (Praised Be). [online]
Available at: https://www.ncronline.org/blogs/eco-catholic/report-francis-environmental-encyclical-titled-laudato-sii-praised-be
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Use of the mineral, vegetable, and animal resources of the universe cannot be divorced
from respect for moral imperatives. Man's dominion over inanimate and other living
beings granted by the Creator is not absolute; it is limited by concern for the quality of
life of his neighbor, including generations to come; it requires a religious respect for the
integrity of creation." (CCC 2415)
Pope Francis explicitly designates this encyclical as "now added to the body of the
Church’s social teaching."5
Pope Francis urgently appeals for a new dialogue about how we are shaping the future
of our planet. We need a conversation that includes everyone, since the environment
challenge we are undergoing, and its human roots, concern and affect us all. 6 He has a
very striking call to conversion for those in the Church as well. According to Pope
Francis, the ecological crisis is also a summons to profound interior conversion. It must
be said that some committed and prayerful Christians, with the excuse of realism and
pragmatism, tend to ridicule expressions of concern for the environment. Others are
passive; they choose not to change their habits and thus become inconsistent. So what
they all need is an ‘ecological conversion’, whereby the effects of their encounter with
Jesus Christ become evident in their relationship with the world around them. Living our
vocation to be protectors of God’s handiwork is essential to a life of virtue 7. He invites all
to embrace with open hearts this Encyclical which is in line with the Church’s social
doctrine.
But we have, sadly, done too much tilling and not enough keeping. He also wants the
readers to know that everything is connected. The Pope links all human beings to
creation: “We are part of nature, included in it, and thus in constant interaction with it” 9.
But our decisions have an inevitable effect on the environment. A blind pursuit of money
that sets aside the interests of the marginalized and the ruination of the planet are
connected. It also reminds the readers that God is with us, all of us can strive to change
course. We can move towards an “ecological conversion” in which we can listen to the
“cry of the earth and the cry of the poor”. To use religious language, what the Pope is
calling for is conversion.
Decline in Quality of Human Life and the Breakdown of Society (pp. 43-47)
8. Rev. James Martin, S.J. (2015, June 18). Huffpost. Retrieved from https://www.huffingtonpost.com/rev-james-martin-
sj/10-most-important-messages-from-laudato-si_b_7612392.html
Educating for the Covenant Between Humanity and the Environment (pp.209-215)
10. W2.vatican.va. (2018). Laudato si' (24 May 2015) | Francis. [online] Available at:
http://w2.vatican.va/content/francesco/en/encyclicals/documents/papa-francesco_20150524_enciclica-laudato-si.html
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B. SUMMARY
Furthermore, the first chapter begins to name the root causes of such
scenario. First and foremost is a “throwaway culture” that ruthlessly consumes,
exploits, and discards human life and our natural resources. He also indicts the
all-pervasive “techno-economic paradigm” of the last two hundred years that
emphasizes above all things efficiency, speed, technology, commodification of
goods and services, and quick and easy profit. While it seems that we lack a
culture and leadership to confront this cultural crisis, this chapter ends with the
Pope asking us to cast off the distractions that dull our consciousness, listen the
cry of the earth and the cry of the poor, and begin to dialogue about solutions.
The second chapter argues that our convictions and faith should and can
motivate Christians to assume their responsibilities as caretakers of creation.
This is because more often than so, that many people feel that environmental
stewardship is secondary to living out the faith, which sentiment is what the
Pope wants to eradicate.
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Furthermore, the Pope elaborates that while science has a role to play in
this dialogue, faith should also come at play. He begins highlighting the many
biblical narratives that refer to God as the Creator and Sustainer of all Creation.
He says among others, “... human life is grounded in three fundamental and
close intertwined relationships: with God, with our neighbor, and with earth
itself.” (p.66). This emphasizes the call for people to peace, reconciliation and
wholeness and break down barriers of dominion and greed. In view of this as a
result, the challenge to be kind is a challenge to not let the Earth be despoiled
and people be forgotten.
downside to the so-called “progress”. The risk it emits has for it the power and
dominance in the hands of the people, which the Pope rationalized as: “…
accompanied by a development in human responsibility, values and
conscience”(p.105) is not present in our development as we advance. What he
aims is to use such advancement for noble ends, which would require an
ethical framework, a spiritual culture, and a vision of the purpose of life.
In Chapter four, Pope Francis presents and alternative vision, that would
address every aspect of the global crisis. Hence, the title of this Chapter.
Combining the roots in Christian Theology and Environmental studies, he
implies a theme which would suggest that everything is connected and
interrelated. In other words, scientists look at nature from the biggest picture to
the smallest realities, such as time and space is to subatomic particles.
While they do not see things independently, they treat them as if they work
in a network of relationships between living organisms and their environment.
And this correlates to the way people function as dependent organisms on
larger systems for our own existence (pp. 138-140). Such relationship of nature
causes scientists to seek integrated explanations or solutions.
The relationship between our living spaces, like the architecture of our
homes and the design of our neighborhoods and cities, our daily life, and
our own behavior/happiness.(pp.147-154)
The relationship of the way we think about our bodies and the way we
think about the rest of creation.(p.155)
The relationship of our current generation with future generations
(pp.159-162)
This chapter concludes that solutions to our global crises can no longer be
credible that do not respect the relational and integral realities. For Pope
Francis, the only solution is one that “demands an integrated approach to
combating poverty, restoring dignity to the excluded, and at the same time
protecting nature” (p.139).
The preceding chapters in the papal letter of Pope Francis gave us a better
glimpse as to how our planet is actually doing. His letter highlighted the
significance of 3 distinct factors (i.e. human, economy, and culture) in causing
different crises to arise; from the destruction of environment to degradation of
people’s financial capabilities and buying power. The previous chapters also
gave emphasis on how we can integrate our faith and scientific research in
order to allow us to live out a better and more “holistic life” during our time on
earth.
Chapter 5 of Pope Francis’s encyclical focuses on how to escape what the
Pope calls “a spiral of self destruction” (p.163). During the beginning of this
chapter the Pope immediately calls for the stop in the usage of highly polluting
fossil fuels – especially coal, oil and, gas” (p.165). The Pope highlights that it
is fact a possibility for he states that a number of leaders have indeed come
together in order to discuss about such topics. He also states that action was
taken through treaties, agreements and the like. He urges the different nations
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on this earth to think more about the future rather just being blinded by
immediate but short term benefits. The Pope likewise calls upon the world
leaders to “uphold high principles and think of the long-term common good”
(p.178, p.181). Pope Francis also challenges the economic sector to look
beyond just maximizing profits at the cost of exploiting the poor and the
planet. We should focus more on being able to provide and give a better future
for the generations to come which will demand, as what Pope Francis calls it,
creativity in order to make models of development for better progress and
farsighted, interdisciplinary approach (p.189 – 198). In order to do this Pope
Francis highlights three distinct virtues which are honesty, courage, and
responsibility (p.169)
IV. UN ON LAUDATO SI
Pope Francis’ Encyclical “Care for Our Common Home” [“Laudato Si”] summons
all to better care for the planet and for poor peoples. Pope Francis discusses the same
challenges as do the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. 12 The UNGC
and LS are two independent documents seeking solutions to shared challenges:
climate change, ecological destruction, economic instability and the plight of the
world’s poor. Both documents are a call to expand the social expectations on
business. Prompted by multinational businesses’ control over huge aggregates of
money, management skills and power, scholars and activists are increasingly
emphasizing the moral obligations of these corporations to make positive
contributions to the ecological health of the planet and the alleviation of poverty. 13
11. St. Francis of Assisi Raleigh. (2018). Pope Francis – “Laudato si chapter summaries”. [online] Available at:
https://www.stfrancisraleigh.org/pope-francis-laudato-si-summaries
12. Cavanagh, G. (2016). Pope Francis and the United Nations. The Journal of Corporate Citizenship, (64). doi: 10.9774
13. Greenleaf Publishing. (2016). The United Nations Global Compact and the Encyclical Laudato Si: A Common Vision.
Retrieved from https://mendoza.nd.edu/ideas-news/news/the-united-nations-global-compact-and-the-encyclical-
laudato-si-a-common-vision/
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The parallels between the two documents are striking. Laudato Si’ explicitly links the
suffering of the poor with environmental degradation, arguing vigorously for integrated
solutions. The U.N. SDGs, meant to “universally apply to all,” can guide humanitarian
efforts “to end all forms of poverty, fight inequalities, and tackle climate change, while
ensuring that no one is left behind.”
As both documents highlight, the world’s poor will suffer most from the impacts of
climate change, through increased frequency and intensity of drought, flooding famine,
lack of clean water, loss of agricultural crops and livestock, disappearing or degraded
hunting and fishing grounds, deforestation, and the spread of tropical diseases. 14
“I am here because at the United Nations we believe as you do, that unleashing the
power of innovation, technology and collaboration will produce the dividends we
desire: universal peace, justice for all and environmental sustainability.”
14. Kreiner, T. (2016). Pope Francis and U.N. in Sync on Sustainable Development Goals. Retrieved from
https://www.scu.edu/illuminate/thought-leaders/thane-kreiner/pope-francis-and-un-in-sync-on-sustainable-
development-goals.html
15. Harr, E. (2017). The Announcement of The Laudato Si’ Challenge by the President of the United Nations General
Assembly. Retrieved from https://medium.com/@ericharr/the-announcement-of-the-laudato-si-challenge-by-the-
president-of-the-united-nations-general-3782604a35f6
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"We share Pope Francis' view that our response to environmental degradation and
climate change cannot only be defined by science, technology or economics, but is
also a moral imperative. We must not overlook that the world’s poorest and most
vulnerable suffer most from the changes we are seeing.
16. Pope Francis Encyclical on Climate and Environment. Retrieved from http://newsroom.unfccc.int/unfccc-
newsroom/pope-francis-releases-encyclical-on-climate-and-environment/
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The Philippines is one of the most vulnerable countries to the impacts of climate
change. For us Filipinos, the encyclical has solemnly pointed to the reasons why many of
our people remain poor and why the environment continues to deteriorate – because
powerful vested interests will remain relentless in its pursuit of profit at the expense of
nature, which is the very source of people’s lives and livelihoods.
After Pope Francis issued his game-changing encyclical Laudato Si, church groups,
environmentalists, farmers and indigenous peoples’ organizations discussed and analyzed
the papal encyclical’s significance specifically on the country’s food and agriculture. 17
The groups view Laudato Si as the Pope’s commentary on the real and unfortunate state
of the natural environment – our common home. They agree with the Pope’s call to re-
examine our human relationship with one another, our drive for over-consumption and
our relationship with the environment. They emphasize the need for a new, radical way of
thinking and behaving. Going forward, the groups recommend for new ways of
responsibly caring for nature to ensure our own survival, starting with a more ecological
food and agriculture system.
In response to the call, the Catholic church in the Philippines joined the One Million
Against Coal Campaign, which aims to gather at least one million signatures nationwide
in a bid to pressure the government to reverse the approval of dozens of coal power plants
meant to address the country’s energy security concerns. Father Edwin Gariguez,
executive director of Caritas Philippines National Secretariat for Social Action
emphasized that coal energy have negative effects on the health of the people and the
environment. Coal plants are the primary cause of global warming. 18
For the Philippines, this means a lot of work. Out of the original 30 million hectares,
only 3% of our forests are old-growth. More than 90% of our fish stocks have been
decimated. Only 1% of Philippine coral reefs are in excellent condition. Only 50% of our
mangroves are intact. The supposed proud symbol of our nation, the Philippine Eagle
(Pithecophaga jefferyi) is close to extinction, with possibly as few as less than 180 eagles
left in the wild. In our cities, misguided urbanization is spreading like a disease,
characterized by worsening air quality, unchecked flow of wastewater that pollutes
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ground and surface water, accumulating piles of garbage and toxic materials, and
unrestrained encroachment into green spaces. 19
17. The Green Peace Philippines. “Group cite significance of Laudato Si to Philippine Food and Agriculture.” 19 August 2015.
http://www.greenpeace.org/seasia/ph/press/ releases/Groups-cite-significance-of-Laudato-Si-to-Philippine-food-and-agriculture
18. Venner, Marie. “Philippines: Catholic Action Against Coal.” 27 August 2015. http://
dev.catholicclimatemovement.global/philippines-church-groups-environmentalists-farmers-and-indigenous-peoples-
organizations-discuss-food-and-ag
19. Saño, Yeb M. “COMMENTARY: Laudato Si: what it means for the Philippines.” 23 June 2015.
http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/opinion/content/508970/commentary-laudato-si-what-it-means-for-the-philippines/story/
VI. CONCLUSION
Over time, people fight their wars over a better right to a piece of land, to further
excavate its oils and natural resources. Over time, superior nations threaten inferior
nations of invasion and deprivation of their civil and political rights. Over time people
fight over things that are crucial for the advancement of mankind to provide the most
convenient and efficient of means for the future generations. And over time, mankind
forgets.
People forget that all the advancements and progress made at the expense of those
species that became extinct, forests that became inhabitable, bodies of water that were
bleached and polluted, and lands mined excessively, will be obsolete, for there will be
no more future to speak of when unsustainability reigns in default. And what is
terrifying is that, that era of fear of human extinction due to an unsustainable planet
has begun.
This Papal encyclical call for action to every living human being. It aims to raise
the concern for the environment as no longer an “optional” aspect of discipleship, but
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rather an integral and urgent part of our faith. Pope Francis urges the people to refrain
from denying, being indifferent, or blindly following technical solutions. He calls for
a new dialogue and a new universal solidarity, so that every person living on this
planet might come together and consider how we are shaping the future of our
common home.
A Paper on
Laudato Si’:
Sulla Cura della Casa Comune