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    Calorimetry (Pre-Laboratory Assignment)

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    Quirino Arzadon IV
    The document provides details on the procedures and calculations for two experiments: [1] Determining the specific heat of a metal through calorimetry. Key steps include heating a metal to a measured temperature, placing it in water, and calculating the specific heat using the temperature changes. [2] Measuring the enthalpy of solution for dissolving KBr using calorimetry. Key steps include dissolving a salt in water and calculating the enthalpy change using temperature changes and heat capacities. The document includes sample calculations for heat changes, specific heat, and enthalpy of solution based on the experimental data.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Calorimetry (Pre-Laboratory Assignment)

    Uploaded by

    Quirino Arzadon IV
    2K views4 pages
    The document provides details on the procedures and calculations for two experiments: [1] Determining the specific heat of a metal through calorimetry. Key steps include heating a metal to a measured temperature, placing it in water, and calculating the specific heat using the temperature changes. [2] Measuring the enthalpy of solution for dissolving KBr using calorimetry. Key steps include dissolving a salt in water and calculating the enthalpy change using temperature changes and heat capacities. The document includes sample calculations for heat changes, specific heat, and enthalpy of solution based on the experimental data.

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    The document provides details on the procedures and calculations for two experiments: [1] Determining the specific heat of a metal through calorimetry. Key steps include heating a metal to a measured temperature, placing it in water, and calculating the specific heat using the temperature changes. [2] Measuring the enthalpy of solution for dissolving KBr using calorimetry. Key steps include dissolving a salt in water and calculating the enthalpy change using temperature changes and heat capacities. The document includes sample calculations for heat changes, specific heat, and enthalpy of solution based on the experimental data.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    2K views4 pages

    Calorimetry (Pre-Laboratory Assignment)

    Uploaded by

    Quirino Arzadon IV
    The document provides details on the procedures and calculations for two experiments: [1] Determining the specific heat of a metal through calorimetry. Key steps include heating a metal to a measured temperature, placing it in water, and calculating the specific heat using the temperature changes. [2] Measuring the enthalpy of solution for dissolving KBr using calorimetry. Key steps include dissolving a salt in water and calculating the enthalpy change using temperature changes and heat capacities. The document includes sample calculations for heat changes, specific heat, and enthalpy of solution based on the experimental data.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Experiment 03 Prelaboratory Assignment

    Calorimetry

    Date: _March 17, 2020_ Lab Sec.: _A10_ Name: Arzadon IV, Quirino V. Desk No.: __04_
    1. Experimental Procedure, Part A.1. What is the procedure for heating a metal to an
    exact but measured temperature?

    Answer: 10 to 30g metal should be transferred into a test tube that's in the beaker
    in the water. Let it settle for ten minutes to reach thermal equilibrium.

    2. Experimental Procedure, Parts A.4, 5.


    a. When a metal at a higher temperature is transferred to water at a lower
    temperature, heat is inevitably lost to the calorimeter (Figure 25.4). Will this
    unmeasured heat loss increase or decrease the calculated value of the specific
    heat of the metal? Explain. See equation 25.5.

    Answer: According to the law of conservation of energy, the heat loss and the heat
    utilized to combust the sample should calculate to the actual heat capacity. A calorimeter
    is ideally an insulated vessel. heat is dissipated in actuality. Therefore, the heat capacity
    that we calculate in the experiment will always be less than the actual value. This is
    accounted by the heat lost.

    b. Explain why the extrapolated temperature is used to determine the maximum


    temperature of the mixture rather than the highest recorded temperature in the
    experiment. See Figure 25.5.
    Answer: The extrapolated temperature is used because heat is always diminished
    to the system. We make use of the extrapolated temperature to account for the loss
    of heat.
    3. Experimental Procedure, Part B. Three student chemists measured 50.0 mL of 1.00
    M NaOH in separate Styrofoam coffee cup calorimeters (Part B). Bret added 50.0
    mL of 1.00 M HCL to his solution of NaOH; Dale added 45.5 mL of 1.10 M HCl (equal
    moles) to his NaOH solution. Lyndsay added 50.0 mL of 1.00 M HCl to her NaOH
    solution. Each student recorded the temperature change and calculated the enthalpy
    of neutralization.
    Identify the student who observes a temperature change that will be different from
    that observed by the other two chemists. Explain why and how (higher or lower) the
    temperature will be different.

    Answer: Dale is the student that observes a different temperature change.


    Temperature change observed will be higher.

    The reaction of HCl with NaOH is:

    HCl + NaOH → H₂O + NaCl + ΔH

    As ΔH is in the products, the reaction produce heat. You can now determine ΔH
    measuring changes in temperature of coffee cup calorimeters. The higher moles of
    reaction, the higher production of heat.

    The moles of NaOH that three students measured is:

    0.0500L× (1.00mol / 1.00L) = 0.0500 moles

    Dale measured:

    0.0455L×(1.10mol/L) = 0.05005 moles of HCl

    Brett measured:

    0.0500L×(1.00mol/L) = 0.0500 moles of HCl

    Lyndsay measured:

    0.0500L× (1.00mol / 1.00L) = 0.0500 moles of HCl

    Dale is the student that observes a different temperature change

    That is because he's adding excess of moles of HCl that will reacts with water
    producing additional heat, that means he will find a higher change in temperature
    4. The specific heat of the metal was determined following Part A of the Experimental
    Procedure in this experiment. Complete the following table for Trial 1 (See Report Sheet.)
    for determining the specific heat of the metal, Record the calculated values with the correct
    number of significant values.

    Calculation
    Zone
    1. Mass of metal (g) 20.94 Part 2
    2. Temperature of metal (°C) 99.4
    3. Mass of water (g) 100.0
    4. Temperature of water (°C) 22.0
    5. Maximum temperature of water (°C) 24.6

    Calculations for Specific Heat of a Metal


    Part 4
    1. Temperature change of water, ΔT (°C) 2.6
    2. Heat gained by water (J)
    Show calculation 1087.84

    3. Temperature change of metal, ΔT (°C) 74.8


    4. Specific heat of metal (J/g°C)
    Equation 25.5
    Show calculation 0.6945
    0.694

    Solution for Heat Gained:

    Q= mwcw(Tf-Ti)

    = (100g)(4.184J/g C)(24.6-22.0)C

    Q=1087. 84J

    Cm= Q/m((Tf-Ti)

    = 1087.84J/ (20.94)(99.4-24.6)

    Cm= 0.6945 J/ g C
    5. The enthalpy of solution for the dissolving of a KBr sample was determined following Part
    C of the Experimental Procedure in this experiment. Complete the following table for Trial
    1 (See Report Sheet.) for determining the enthalpy of solution KBr.

    Calculation
    Zone
    1. Mass of salt (g) 5.00 Part 2
    2. Moles of salt (mol) 0.0420
    3. Mass of water (g) 25.0
    4. Initial temperature of water (°C) 25.0
    5. Final temperature of mixture (°C) 18.1

    Calculations for Enthalpy (heat) of


    Solution for the Dissolution of a Salt Part 4
    1. Temperature change of solution, (°C) -6.9
    2. Heat change by water (J)
    Show calculation
    Part 5
    -722.1
    3. Heat change of salt (J); sp. ht. of
    KBr = 0.439 J/g⋅°C -15.146
    4. Total enthalpy change, equation 25.11
    (J)
    Show calculation -737.246
    --
    5. ΔH (J/mol salt)
    Equation 25.12
    Show calculation 17553.48

    Solutions of required:

    Q= mwcw(Tf-Ti)

    Tf-Ti= 18.1-25.0= -6.9

    = (25.0g) (4.184 J/ g C) ( -6.9C) = -722.1J

    Heat change of salt:

    Q= mscs(Tf-Ti)

    = (5.0g)(0.439J/g C)(-6.9C)

    = -15.146J

    Total Entalphy Change= -722.1J +-15.146J =-737.246J

    ΔH (J/mol salt) = (-1 x -737.246J)/0.0420mol = 17553.48J/ mol

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