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Past Real Conditional
FORM
USE
The past real conditional describes what you used to do in particular real-life
situations. It suggests that your habits have changed and you do not usually do
these things today.
Examples:
IMPORTANT Used to
The form "used to" expresses the idea that something was an old habit that
stopped in the past. This form is commonly used in past real conditional
sentences to emphasize that something was a habit. The examples below have
the same meaning as the examples above.
Examples:
If I went to a friend's house for dinner, I used to take a bottle of wine or some
flowers. I don't do that anymore.
When I had a day off from work, I used to go to the beach. Now, I never get
time off.
If the weather was nice, she used to walk to work. Now, she usually drives.
Jerry used to help me with my homework when he had time. But he doesn't do
that anymore.
A: What did you usually do when it rained?
B: I used to stay at home.
IMPORTANT If / When
Both "if" and "when" are used in the past real conditional. Using "if" suggests
that something happened less frequently. Using "when" suggests that
something happened regularly.
Examples:
When I had a day off from work, I usually went to the beach.
I regularly had days off from work.
If I had a day off from work, I usually went to the beach.
I rarely had days off from work.
FORM
USE
The past unreal conditional (also called conditional 3) is used to talk about
imaginary situations in the past. You can describe what you would have done
differently or how something could have happened differently if circumstances
had been different.
Examples:
If I had owned a car, I would have driven to work. But I didn't own one, so I
took the bus.
She would have traveled around the world if she had had more money. But
she didn't have much money, so she never traveled.
I would have read more as a child if I hadn't watched so much TV.
Unfortunately, I did watch a lot of TV, so I never read for entertainment.
Mary would have gotten the job and moved to Japan if she had
studied Japanese in school instead of French.
If Jack had worked harder, he would have earned more money.
Unfortunately, he was lazy and he didn't earn much.
A: What would you have done if you had won the lottery last week?
B: I would have bought a house.
A: What city would you have chosen if you had decided to move to the United
States?
B: I would have chosen Seattle.
Only the word "if" is used with the past unreal conditional because you are
discussing imaginary situations. "When" cannot be used.
Examples:
I would have bought that computer when it had been cheaper. Not Correct
I would have bought that computer if it had been cheaper. Correct
There are some special conditional forms for modal verbs in English:
The words "can," "shall" and "may" cannot be used with "would have." Instead,
they must be used in these special forms.
Examples:
The words "could," should," "might" and "ought to" include conditional, so you
cannot combine them with "would have."
Examples:
EL PASADO IRREAL
En inglés, el pasado se utiliza en ocasiones para referirse a una situación irreal. Es decir que,
aunque el tiempo verbal está en pasado, estamos hablando de algo que no ocurrió en realidad.
Este suele ser el caso de las oraciones condicionales, en las que nos referimos a una situación
hipotética que podría darse ahora o en cualquier momento. Este uso del pasado se denomina
pasado irreal o "unreal past".
EJEMPLOS
If only I hadn't kissed the frog.
What if the elephant had stepped on my phone?
Supposing I had given that man my money.
DESEOS
El verbo "to wish" se emplea con el pasado irreal para referirse a situaciones actuales
insatisfactorias que no podemos cambiar.
EJEMPLOS
I wish I had more money.
She wishes she was beautiful.
We wish we could come to your party.
Para referirnos a situaciones insatisfactorias del pasado o acciones que lamentamos, se utiliza
el verbo "to wish" seguido por un "past perfect".
EJEMPLOS
I wish I hadn't said that.
He wishes he hadn't bought the car.
I wish I had taken that job in New York.
Para hacer referencia a situaciones insatisfactorias que deseamos que otra persona modifique,
empleamos "to wish" seguido de "would" + infinitivo.
EJEMPLOS
I wish he would stop smoking.
I wish you would go away.
I wish you wouldn't squeeze the toothpaste from the middle!
EJEMPLOS
I'd rather you went. (en lugar de ir yo)
I'd rather you went. (en lugar de quedarte)
He'd rather you called the police. (en lugar de que lo haga yo)
He'd rather you called the police. (en lugar de llamar a los bomberos)
De forma parecida, cuando queremos señalar que ahora es un buen momento para hacer algo,
ya sea nosotros u otra persona, empleamos "it's time" + pasado.
EJEMPLOS
It's time you paid that bill.
It's time I went home.
Don't you think it's time you had a haircut?
Conditional Exercises
Review and Examples
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By
Kenneth Beare
The past unreal conditional form, also known as the third conditional or
conditional 3, is used to express imagined situations that would have
happened differently under other hypothetical circumstances. This
conditional talks about a fictitious past, hence the term "unreal
conditional", by altering one aspect of a scenario to change its outcome.
1. "If" + subject + past perfect verb + object[s], subject + conditional perfect verb
+ object[s].
2. Subject + conditional perfect verb + object[s] + "if" + subject + past perfect
verb + object[s].
The only difference between the two structures is the order of the clauses
and the necessary comma before the second clause in sentences beginning
with a "would have" expression.
The following example sentences show the past unreal conditional clause.
If he had finished his work on time, we would have been able to play another
round of golf yesterday.
They could have had a better day if it hadn't rained the whole time they were
at the beach.
If the meeting had been successful, we might have become partners with Smith
and Co.
Jane would have agreed to marry Tom if he had asked her.
Worksheet 1
Conjugate the base verb in parentheses in the correct tense for the third
conditional.
1. If they _____ (have) the time, they would have attended the
meeting.
2. Jason _____ (recognize) the winner if he had been able to see
them.
3. If I _____ (know) his name, I would have said hello.
4. If the president had been informed in time of the changes, he
_____ (make) a different decision.
5. If Mary _____ (try) again, she would have been successful.
6. The children wouldn't have been so upset if they _____ (give,
use passive voice) the candy.
7. If Jerry _____ (spend) more money on the repair work, the car
would have driven better.
8. We _____ (believe) them if they had told us the whole story.
9. She would have finished the report on time if she _____ (know) all
the facts beforehand.
10.We would not _____ (go) on vacation if we hadn't found that
rental house for a great price.
Worksheet 2
Conjugate the base verb in parentheses in the correct tense for the third
conditional.
Worksheet 1 Answers
Conjugate the base verb in parentheses in the correct tense for the third
conditional.
Worksheet 2 Answers
Conjugate the base verb in parentheses in the correct tense for the third
conditional.
Question 1
1. could meet
2. met
3. would meet
4. should meet
Question 4
1. will make
2. would make
3. make
4. made
Question 8
... about that incident, I ... in trouble but, fortunately, nobody told him.
Points: 3/15
Result: 20%
Result
The correct answers are marked green and the inccorect are marked red.
2. Look at this man. He can hardly stand on the ground. He's walking
as if he is (be) drunk.
3. Imagine you can (can) have one thing for free, what would it be?
13. Sue lost all the money but she behaves as though nothing would
happen (happen).
Points: 4/15
Result: 27%
Ejemplos oraciones condicionales past
unreal (pasado irreal) en inglés y
español
En las oraciones de past unreal (pasado irreal) la cláusula dependiente se
escribe en pasado perfecto, y la cláusula principal utiliza would have, could
have, should have, might have. Frecuentemente se utilizan
las contracciones ‘d have o ‘ve.
Cláusula dependiente: If you had driven slowly, (Si hubieras conducido
despacio,)
Cláusula principal: you would have not had any accidents. (no habrías tenido
ningún accidente)
Ejemplos:
1. If you had driven slowly, you would have not had any accidents. (Si hubieras
conducido despacio, no habrías tenido ningún accidente)
2. If you had studied hard, you would have passed your finals. (Si hubieras
estudiado duro, habrías pasado tus finales)
3. If I had seen her, I would have given her your message. (Si la hubiera visto, le
habrías dado tu mensaje)
4. If he had saved his money, he would have bought a new car. (Si él hubiera
ahorrado su dinero, habrías comprado un nuevo automóvil)
5. If you had studied English, you would have found a job. (Si hubieras estudiado
inglés, habrías encontrado un trabajo)
6. If we had had enough money, we would have traveled to Europe. (Si hubieras
tenido suficiente dinero, habríamos viajado a Europa)
7. If you had gone to bed earlier, you would have not felt so tired. (Si hubieras ido
a la cama más temprano, no te habrías sentido tan casado)
8. If he had attended class regularly, he would have made a good progress. (Si el
hubiera asistido a clases regularmente, habría hecho un buen progreso)
9. If you had finished your homework on time, you would have gone to the party.
(Si hubieras terminado tu tarea a tiempo, habrías ido a la fiesta)
10. If I had had time, I would have gone to the movies with you. (Si hubiera tenido
tiempo, habría ido al cine contigo)
11. If you had worked harder, you would have got a better salary. (Si hubieras
trabajado más duro, habrías tenido un mejor salario)
1. Backpack, mochila
2. Book, libro
3. Bookcase, librero
4. Break, recreo, receso, descanso
5. Cafeteria, cafetería
6. Calculator, calculadora
7. Calendar, calendario
8. Chalk, tiza
9. Chalkboard, pizarrón
10. Choir, coro
11. Class, clase
12. Classmate, compañero de clase
13. Classroom, aula, salón de clases
14. Computer, computadora
15. Counselor, consejero
16. Course, curso
17. Crayon, crayón
18. Degree, título, licenciatura
19. Desk, escritorio
20. Diploma, diploma
21. Dorm, dormitorio
22. Elementary school, escuela primaria
23. Encyclopedia, enciclopedia
24. Eraser, borrador, goma
25. Exam, examen
26. Faculty, colegio de profesores
27. Globe, globo terráqueo
28. Glue, pegamento
29. Grade, calificación
30. Gym, gimnasio
31. Gym teacher, profesor de gimnasia
32. High school, escuela secundaria
33. Hole punch, perforadora
34. Homework, tarea
35. Kindergarten, jardín de niños
36. Lab, laboratorio
37. Library, biblioteca
38. Map, mapa
39. Pen, bolígrafo, pluma
40. Pencil, lápiz
41. Pencil case, lapicera, estuche de lápices
42. Pencil sharpener, sacapuntas
43. Poster, cartel
44. Principal, director de escuela
45. Private classes, clases particulares
46. Professor, profesor
47. Quiz, prueba
48. Ruler, regla
49. Scholarship, beca
50. Scissors, tijeras
51. Semester, semestre
52. Sharpener, sacapuntas
53. Stapler, engrapadora, grapadora
54. Student, alumno, estudiante
55. Teacher, maestro
56. Test, examen, prueba
57. Vacation, vacaciones
58. Whiteboard, pizarrón blanco
Algunas asignaturas (subjects) son:
1. Accountancy, contabilidad
2. Archaeology, arqueología
3. Architecture, arquitectura
4. Art, arte
5. Astronomy, astronomía
6. Biology, biología
7. Chemistry, química
8. Economics, económicas
9. Engineering, ingeniería
10. Geography, geografía
11. Geology , geología
12. History of art, historia del arte
13. History historia
14. Literature, literatura
15. Mathematics, matemáticas
16. Maths, matemáticas
17. Modern languages, lenguas modernas
18. Music, música
19. Philosophy, filosofía
20. Physics física
21. Psychology, psicología
22. Science, ciencias
23. Sociology, sociología
24. Theology, teología
Vocabulario de sentimientos y
emociones en ingles y español
Algunas palabras para describir los sentimientos y emociones de las personas
son:
1. Aggressive, agresivo
2. Alarmed, alarmado
3. Amazed, asombrado
4. Anger, ira
5. Angry, enojado
6. Annoyed, molesto
7. Anxious, ansioso o nervioso
8. Bored, aburrido
9. Confused, confundido
10. Curious, curioso
11. Depressed, deprimido
12. Desperate, desesperado
13. Envious, envidioso
14. Excited, emocionado
15. Fear, miedo
16. Fearful, temeroso
17. Frightened, asustado
18. Furious, furioso
19. Glad, contento
20. Guilty, culpable
21. Happiness, felicidad
22. Happy, feliz
23. Interested, interesado
24. Jealous, celosa
25. Joyful, alegre
26. Optimistic, optimista
27. Proud, orgulloso
28. Sad, triste
29. Sadness, tristeza
30. Scared, asustado
31. Spooked, asustado
32. Surprise, sorpresa
33. Surprised, sorprendido
34. Tired, cansado
35. Unhappy, infeliz
36. Worried, preocupado
1. What kind of movies do you like? I like horror movies. (¿Qué tipo de películas te
gustan? Me gustan las películas de terror)
2. Do you like comedies? No, I don’t. I like science fiction. (¿Te gustan las
comedias? No. Me gustan la ciencia ficción)
3. What kind of TV programs do you like? I like comedies. (¿Qué tipo de
programas de televisión te gustan? Me gustan las comedias)
4. Who is your favorite actor? My favorite actor is Chris Hemsworth. (¿Quién es tu
actor favorito? Mi actor favorito es Chris Hemsworth)
5. Who is your favorite actress? My favorite actress is Charlize Theron. (¿Quién
es tu actriz favorita? Mi actriz favorita es Charlize Theron)
6. Which sports do you like? I like soccer and baseball. (¿Cuáles deportes te
gustan? Me gustan el futbol y el béisbol)
7. Who is your favorite soccer player? My favorite soccer player is Cristiano
Ronaldo. (¿Quién es tu jugador de futbol favorito? Mi jugador de futbol favorito
es Cristiano Ronaldo)
8. What’s your favorite food? I like chinese food. (¿Cuál es tu comida favorita? Me
gusta la comida china)
9. What kind of books do you like? I like novels. (¿Qué tipo de libros te gustan?
Me gustan las novelas)
10. Who is your favorite author? My favorite author is Ernest Hemingway. (¿Cuál es
tu autor favorito? Mi autor favorito es Ernest Hemingway)
11. What kind of music do you like? I like rock music. (¿Qué tipo de música te
gusta? Me gusta el rock.
12. Do you like jazz? No, I don’t. (¿Te gusta el jazz? No)
13. What is your favorite band? My favorite band is Motley Crue. (¿Cuál es tu
banda favorita? Mi banda favorita es Motley Crue)