Tim Cook - Wikipedia 3/2/20, 08:59

Tim Cook
Timothy Donald Cook (born November 1, 1960)[3] is an
Tim Cook
American business executive and industrial engineer. Cook
is the chief executive officer of Apple Inc., and previously
served as the company's chief operating officer under its
cofounder Steve Jobs.[4]

Cook joined Apple in March 1998 as a senior vice president

for worldwide operations, and then served as the executive
vice president for worldwide sales and operations.[5] He
was made the chief executive on August 24, 2011, prior to
Jobs' death in October of that year.[6] During his tenure as
the chief executive, he has advocated for the political
reformation of international and domestic surveillance,
cybersecurity, corporate taxation, American manufacturing,
and environmental preservation.
Cook in 2009
In 2014, Cook became the first chief executive of a Fortune Born Timothy Donald Cook
500 company to publicly come out as gay.[7] Cook also November 1, 1960
serves on the boards of directors of Nike, Inc.,[6] the Mobile, Alabama, U.S.
National Football Foundation,[8] and is a trustee of Duke Education Auburn University (BS)
University.[9] In March 2015, he said he planned to donate Duke University (MBA)
his entire stock fortune to charity.[10]
Employer IBM (1982–1994)
Intelligent Electronics
(1994–1998)
Contents Compaq (1998)
Early life and education Apple Inc. (1998–
Career present)
Pre-Apple era Board of Nike Inc.
Apple era Net worth US$ 1.3 billion (2015)[1]
Early career Signature
Apple chief executive (2011–present)
Cyber security
Public image
Leadership style
Public advocacy
Personal life

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Philanthropy
Awards and honors
References
External links

Early life and education

Cook was born in Mobile, Alabama, United States.[11][12] He was baptized in a Baptist church[13]
and grew up in nearby Robertsdale. His father, Donald, was a shipyard worker, and his mother,
Geraldine, worked at a pharmacy.[11][14]

Cook graduated from Robertsdale High School. He earned a Bachelor of Science (B.S.) in
industrial engineering from Auburn University in 1982,[15] and his Master of Business
Administration (MBA) from Duke University's Fuqua School of Business in 1988.[16]

Career

Pre-Apple era
After graduating from Auburn University in 1982, Cook spent 12 years in IBM's personal
computer business, ultimately serving as the director of North American fulfillment.[5] It was
during this time that Cook also earned his MBA from Duke University, becoming a Fuqua
Scholar in 1988. Later, he served as the Chief Operating Officer of the computer reseller division
of Intelligent Electronics, and in 1997 became the Vice President for Corporate Materials at
Compaq for six months.[17]

Apple era

Early career
In 1998, Steve Jobs asked Cook to join Apple. In a commencement speech at Auburn University,
Cook said he decided to join Apple after meeting Jobs for the first time:

Any purely rational consideration of cost and benefits lined up in Compaq's favor,
and the people who knew me best advised me to stay at Compaq... On that day in
early 1998 I listened to my intuition, not the left side of my brain or for that matter
even the people who knew me best... no more than five minutes into my initial
interview with Steve, I wanted to throw caution and logic to the wind and join Apple.
My intuition already knew that joining Apple was a once in a lifetime opportunity to
work for the creative genius, and to be on the executive team that could resurrect a
great American company.[18]

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His first position was Senior Vice President for worldwide operations.[5] In relation to the role,
Cook was quoted as saying: "You kind of want to manage it like you're in the dairy business. If it
gets past its freshness date, you have a problem".[19]

Cook closed factories and warehouses, and replaced them

with contract manufacturers; this resulted in a reduction of
the company's inventory from months to days. Predicting
its importance, his group invested in long-term deals such
as advance investment in flash memory from 2005 onward,
guaranteeing stable supply of what became a key iPod
Nano, then iPhone and iPad component. Competitors at
Hewlett-Packard, describing their cancelled HP TouchPad
tablet computer, later said that it was made from "cast-off
reject iPad parts".[20] Cook's actions were credited with
keeping costs under control and, combined with the
Cook giving the keynote at the 2012
company's design and marketing savvy, generated huge
World Wide Developers Conference.
profits.[21]

In January 2007, Cook was promoted to lead operations[22] and served as chief executive in
2009, while Jobs was away on a leave of absence for health related issues. In January 2011,
Apple's board of directors approved a third medical leave of absence requested by Jobs. During
that time, Cook was responsible for most of Apple's day-to-day operations, while Jobs made
most major decisions.[23][24]

Apple chief executive (2011–present)

After Jobs resigned as CEO and became chairman of the board, Cook was named the new chief
executive officer of Apple Inc. on August 24, 2011.[25][26] Six weeks later, on October 5, 2011,
Jobs died due to complications from pancreatic cancer.[27] Forbes contributor Robin Ferracone
wrote in September 2011: "Jobs and Cook proceeded to forge a strong partnership, and rescued
the company from its death spiral, which took it from $11 billion in revenue in 1995 down to less
than $6 billion in 1998 ... Under their leadership, the company went from its nadir to a
remarkable $100 billion today".[24] In April 2012, Time included Cook on its annual "100 Most
Influential People in the World" list.[28]

On October 29, 2012, Cook made major changes to the company's executive team. Scott Forstall
resigned as senior vice president of iOS, and became an advisor to Cook until he eventually
departed from the company in 2013. John Browett, who was Senior VP of retail, was dismissed
six months after he commenced at Apple, when he received 100,000 shares worth US$60
million.[29] Forstall's duties were divided among four other Apple executives: design SVP Sir
Jonathan Ive assumed leadership of Apple's human interface team; Craig Federighi became the

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new head of iOS software engineering; services chief Eddy Cue became responsible for Maps
and Siri; and Bob Mansfield, previously SVP of hardware engineering, became the head of a new
technology group.[30]

Cook's executive changes occurred after the third quarter of

the fiscal year, when revenues and profits grew less than
predicted.[31] One commentator said that Forstall was
forced to step down, as Cook "decided to lance the boil as
internal politics and dissent reached a key pitch". Since
becoming CEO, Cook focused upon building a harmonious
culture that meant "weeding out people with disagreeable
personalities—people Jobs tolerated and even held close, Cook with Indian Prime Minister
like Forstall";[32] although, another journalist said that Narendra Modi in New Delhi
"Apple's ability to innovate came from tension and
disagreement."[33] On February 28, 2014, Cook made
headlines when he challenged shareholders to "get out of the stock" if they didn't share the
company's views on sustainability and climate change.[34] In May 2016, Cook traveled to China
to meet with government officials there after the closure of Apple's online iTunes Store and
Apple Books store by the Chinese government.[35]

In 2016, some analysts compared Cook to former Microsoft

CEO Steve Ballmer, claiming that innovation had died
down since he replaced Jobs, similar to when Ballmer
became Microsoft CEO in 2000.[36][37] In December 2017,
Cook was a speaker at the World Internet Conference in
China.[38][39]

Research published at the University of Oxford

characterised Cook's leadership style as paradigmatic of
Cook with Chongqing Mayor Huang
founder centrism: explained as a founder's mindset, an
in Apple Store Jiefangbei, China,
ethical disposition towards the shareholder collective, and August 17, 2016
an intense focus on exponential value creation.[40]

Cook was appointed chairman of the advisory board for Tsinghua University's economics school
in October 2019. The length of his term will be 3 years.[41]

Cyber security
Alongside Google vice-president Vint Cerf and AT&T CEO Randall Stephenson, Cook attended a
closed-door summit held by President Barack Obama, on August 8, 2013, in regard to
government surveillance and the Internet in the wake of the Edward Snowden NSA
incident.[42][43]

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Following the December 2015 terrorist attack in San Bernardino, California, in which 14 people
were killed by Rizwan Farook and Tashfeen Malik, the Federal Bureau of Investigation solicited
Apple to assist in "unlock[ing]" an iPhone 5C used by Farook.[44] On February 16, 2016, in
response to a request by the Department of Justice, a federal magistrate judge ordered Apple to
create a custom iOS firmware version that would allow investigators to circumvent the phone's
security features.[45] Cook responded in an open letter, wherein he denounced the government's
demands as constituting a "breach of privacy" with "chilling" consequences.[44][46]

Public image

Leadership style
As Apple Inc. CEO, Cook regularly begins sending emails at 4:30 a.m. and previously held
Sunday-night staff meetings by telephone to prepare for the next week.[19] Cook shared in May
2013 that his leadership focused on people, strategy, and execution; he explained, "If you get
those three right the world is a great place."[47] Under Cook's leadership, Apple has increased its
donations to charity, and in 2013, he hired Lisa Jackson, formerly the head of the
Environmental Protection Agency, to assist Apple with the development of its renewable energy
activities.[48][49][50]

Public advocacy
During the 2008 election cycle, Cook donated to Barack
Obama's first White House election.[51]

While it had been reported in early 2011 that Cook was

gay,[52][53] at the time, and prior to his Oct. 2014 public
statement, Cook chose to keep his personal life private.[54]
He did publicly support LGBT rights.[55] In October 2014,
the Alabama Academy of Honor inducted Cook, who spoke
Cook with President Donald Trump in
about his home state's record of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and the Oval Office at the White House,
transgender rights.[56] The Academy of Honor is the highest April 25, 2018
honor Alabama gives its citizens.[57]

In 2015, Cook donated to Democratic senators Chuck Schumer and Patrick Leahy for their
stances on eBook pricing and surveillance reform, respectively.[58] During the same election
cycle he hosted a fundraiser for Senator Rob Portman.[58]

In early March 2016, he donated to the election campaign of Democratic representative Zoe
Lofgren of California. In early June, Cook hosted a private fundraiser along with Speaker of the
U.S. House of Representatives Paul Ryan, described by Politico as "a joint fundraising
committee aimed at helping to elect other House Republicans".[58]

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In the 2016 election, Cook raised funds for the presidential campaign of Hillary Clinton.[59] At
one point, Clinton's campaign considered Cook as a candidate for vice-president.[60]

In September 2017 at Bloomberg's Global Business Forum, Cook defended the DACA
immigration program. He expressed his dissatisfaction with the direction of Donald Trump's
administration, stating: "This is unacceptable. This is not who we are as a country. I am
personally shocked that there is even a discussion of this."[61][62]

In 2018, at a privacy conference in Brussels, Cook expressed his opinions on the stockpiling of
personal data by tech firms, suggesting that it amounted to surveillance and should make the
public "very uncomfortable."[63]

Personal life
Cook is a fitness enthusiast and enjoys hiking, cycling, and going to the gym. He is known for
being solitary, using an off-campus fitness center for privacy, and little is publicly shared about
his personal life. He explained in October 2014 that he has sought to achieve a "basic level of
privacy".[19][50]

Cook was misdiagnosed with multiple sclerosis in 1996, an incident he said made him "see the
world in a different way". He has since taken part in charity fundraising, such as cycle races to
raise money for the disease. He later told the Auburn alumni magazine that his symptoms came
from "lugging a lot of incredibly heavy luggage around".[64]

In 2009, Cook said that he offered a portion of his liver to Jobs, since they share a rare blood
type. Cook said that Jobs responded by yelling, "I'll never let you do that. I'll never do that."[65]

While delivering the 2010 commencement speech at Auburn, Cook emphasized the importance
of intuition during significant decision-making processes, and explained that preparation and
hard work are also necessary to execute on intuition.[66]

On October 30, 2014, Cook came out as gay in an editorial for Bloomberg Business, "I'm proud
to be gay, and I consider being gay among the greatest gifts God has given me."[67] He consulted
with Anderson Cooper, who had publicly come out himself, on aspects of the statement, and
cleared the timing to ensure it would not distract from business interests.[68] Cook had been
open about his sexuality "for years" and, while many people at the company were aware of his
sexual orientation, he sought to focus on Apple's products and customers rather than his
personal life. He ended his op-ed, "We pave the sunlit path toward justice together, brick by
brick. This is my brick."[67] Cook became the first and only openly gay CEO on the Fortune 500
list.[68] In September 2015, Cook clarified on The Late Show with Stephen Colbert, "Where I
valued my privacy significantly, I felt that I was valuing it too far above what I could do for other
people, so I wanted to tell everyone my truth."[69] In October 2019, he talked about the decision
and remarked on how it was thanks to LGBTQ people who had fought for their rights before
him that paved the way for his success; and that he needed to let younger generations know that

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—in a coding analogy—he saw being gay as a feature his life had to offer rather than any
problem.[68] He hoped his openness could help LGBTQ youth dealing with homelessness, and
suicide hope that their situation could get better.[68]

Philanthropy
Despite Forbes reporting in March 2015 that Cook had made a decision “revealed in his
interview with Fortune Magazine” to sign the Giving Pledge,[70] as of May 2019, Cook is not
named as one of the pledge's 191 signatories.[71] This suggests either that Cook has not yet acted
on his reported decision to sign the Giving Pledge, or that Forbes or Fortune misreported
Cook's comments.

Awards and honors

Financial Times Person of the Year (2014)[72][73][74]
Ripple of Change Award (2015)[75][76]
Fortune Magazine's: World's Greatest Leader. (2015)[77][78]
Alabama Academy of Honor: Inductee. (2015)[56]
Human Rights Campaign's Visibility Award (2015)[79][80]
Honorary Doctor of Science from University of Glasgow in Glasgow, Scotland (2017)[81]
Courage Against Hate award from Anti-Defamation League (2018)[82]

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External links
Tim Cook (https://twitter.com/tim_cook) on Twitter
Forbes Profile (https://www.forbes.com/profile/tim-cook/)

Business positions

Preceded by CEO of Apple

Incumbent
Steve Jobs 2011–present

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tim_Cook&oldid=939943993"

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