EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

M y Internship was in Po ly p la s t C u sto m M o ul de rs (PV T) L TD as an Internee. The

motive of joining the P.P was to have an exposure of textile sector and potential
to avail a sound and promising career. In m y stay devoted m y time to learn
about P.P, which will be beneficial to me if join Plastic Industry sector. In this
6 weeks internship program I attended the lectures of key departments (Account,
H.R & Marketing) of this largest Plastic manufacturers of Pakistan which are
delivered by experienced managers running these departments. After attending
the lectures also visited these departments for acquiring practical knowledge.
The object of this report that to have placed is to express what observed and
what are the necessary measures that c an help to capitalize the strengths to
overcome weakness and remove the threats.

is one of the largest Plastic Molding

Po ly p la st C ust o m M o ul de rs ( P V T) L T D
manufacturers of Pakistan. The company is 40% export U.S.A. and Europe are
major markets of Auto Mob ile Industry. It is a qualit y conscious company. The
company is ISO 9002 certified. Company’s mission statement is “To be the
world’s Best Moulding Company.” Company’s values are trust.
CHAPTER NO 1

1.1: Plastic Processing Industry in Pakistan

Plastics is the mother industry to hundreds of manufactured components and
products like automobiles parts, televisions, refrigerators, other electrical
goods, plastic furniture, defiance products, agricultural piles, woven sacks,
packages, sanit ary ware, pipes and fittings, tiles and flooring, PVC shoes and
sleepers, artificial leather, bottles and jars, disposable syringes and
hundreds of household items.

The Plastic industry chain can be classified into two primary segments, these
are; the Upstream which is the manufacturing of pol ymers and the Downstream
which is the conversion of pol ymers into plastic articles. The upstream Pol ymer
manufacturers have commissioned globall y competitive size plants with
imported state-of-art technology from the world leaders. The downstream plastic
processing industry is highl y fragmented and consists of micro, small and
medium units.

Presentl y there are 6,500 plastics processing units in Pakistan. Major

concentration of plastics processors whether they are inje ction, blow, extrusion,
woven or tubular films manufacturers, is in and around the industrial hubs of
Karachi, Lahore, Gujranwala, Peshawar Faisalabad, Hyderabad , Rawalpindi,
Gadoon and Hattar.

The plastic resin industry produces resins which are further treated in plastics
processing facilities and sold largely to the building and construction,
packaging and consumer markets.
Plastic resins are generall y categorized into two t ypes: thermoplastics and
thermosets.

Pakistan exported plastic in two forms i. e. plastic materials and plastic

processed goods. Export of plastic and their products from Pakistan decreased
from US $ 548 million in 2011-2012 to US $ 464 million in 20132014. On the
other hand import of plastic materials and their products also decreas ed from
US$ 1,609 million in 2014 - 2015 to US$ 1,507 million in 2016-2017.

Plastic moulding machinery is mostl y imported from China, Japan, Korea Ital y
and EU countries. However, locall y manufactured machinery is also being used.
There is lot of scope for exporting locall y manufactured plastic products to
various markets in the Middle East,
Pakistan takes EU to WTO over PET trade
Pakistan launched a trade dispute at the World Trade Organization on
Wednesday to challenge the European Union’s punitive d uties on Pakistani
exports of pol yethylene terephthalate (PET).
Pakistan says the EU has broken WTO rules in the way that it imposed anti -
subsidy duties on PET, which is used in synthetic fibres, plastic bottles and food
containers.

Under WTO rules, the EU has 60 days to try to settle the dispute in direct talks,
after which Pakistan could escalate the issue by asking the WTO to set up a
panel to adjudicate.
Pakistan’s exports of PET were worth just over $200 million last year,
according to data from the International Trade Center, a UN -WTO joint venture.
Although its exports have grown, sales to the EU have dwindled in the past few
years.
The EU accounted for over 80% of Pakistan’s foreign sales of PET a decade
ago, but less than 10% of Pakistani PET expo rts went to the EU in 2017, a tiny
slice of the EU’s $4.3 billion imports of the material.

1.2: Introduction of the Organization

1.3: HISTORY

Pol yPlast is a young company with a rich past. We provide services in Plastic
Injcetion moulding. Our Capacit y ranges from 5 -grams to 400 -grams. We
believe in creating great value for our customers with honest and smart work.

We have gained considerable knowledge of this specialist industry with 17

years’ experience of plastic moulding and tool making which allo w us to advise
you with our experience to produce new ideas and products in a competitive,
innovative way. Our dedicated employees will work hard to service your needs
and provide you with the best qualit y products at the most competitive prices,
and will always be on hand to answer any queries you may have.

1.4: IDEA

Most well designed products start with the germ of an idea, which is where we
need to be, helping in the initial concept stage. It is our belief that a partnership
between customer and supplier results in a successful product.

1.5: PLANNING
We have technical team to ample requirements of our current & prospecting
clients. We have a very strong planning department to manage the all operations
of organization keeping centralization. We are al so able to increase our
production capacit y by deploying new labor and machinery time by time. We
also have the capabilit y to generate presentation qualit y representations of any
part, with full surface detail suitable for earl y stage development protot ype
work. We work closel y in partnership with our clients appl ying our processes to
their designs. In doing so, we achieve together the desired results/goals and
come up with the solutions to our customers’ requirements.

1.6: DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT

We like to become involved in the earl y customers’ design process where
necessary taking on the responsibility of developing protot ypes to their
specifications, through to producing CAD detailed drawings for final production
with a wealth of knowledge gained over many years in the manufacture of high
qualit y technical plastic mouldings, we are in the unique position of being
able to offer a development service that will meet the requirements of our
customers.

1.7: ISO CERTIFICATE

POLYPLAST CUSTOM MOULDERS is in compliance with ISO

9001:2008 and has successfully implemented a quality
Management System which has been registered by DAS
Certification UK. We have planned surveillance audits for 2 to 3
elements biannually.

1.8: Management Team

Xeshan Ahmed Hashmi

CEO
Anam Nadeem Manzar Mumtaz
Executive Admin Admin Manager
Muhammad Jamshaid Bhatti M.Zafar Iqbal

Manager Production AM Production

1.9: PRODUCTS
Our company has modern injection moulding machinery, producing components
weighing up tograms (….ozs), and we have full tool making facilities to back
our moulding operations. We can perform short batch machining on our
advanced plant including the following…

Box Battery CG-125-D Cover L U-Box

Cover R U-Box Cover Rare Frame Body
Emblem Front CD -70 Emblem Front CD-100
Emblem Front CG -125 Housing UP -UND throutle
Housing UP-UND throutle Mudguard Fender CD -70
Mudguard Fender CD-100 U-Box Body
Headlight Eng Parts
Utility Box CD-70 Utility Box Pridor Utility Box Pridor

All customer-specified production is assured for qualit y through:

Advanced Product Qualit y Planning

Control Plan
Process Controls
Post Moulding Inspection
Dock Audits
Zero Defect Policy

1.10: OUR CLIENT

Atlas Honda Continental
Skyways Green Apple
Atlas Battery

1.11: Quality Policy

The long-term business success of POLYPLAST depends on our abilit y to
continuall y improve the qualit y of work performed and services offered.
This commitment is in the best interest of our clients and our business. In
POLYP LAST, everyone is committ ed to activel y participate and contribut e
positivel y in implementation of this policy.

We are committed to:

Maintain effective management system in order to meet client’s requirements.

Monitor, evaluate and continuall y improve our qualit y performance.
Educate our employees on latest benchmarks & how their actions can
influence qualit y performance.
Further to aforementioned, we are committed to the proactive integration of
qualit y objectives into our Management system at all levels.
This is critical to our business’s success that we shall review this policy under
the shadow of local applicable laws and regulations & International Standards
Like ISO 9001.
CHAPTER NO 2

Product Information
In Chapter no two discus the information about th e company product and
machineries use for production in production unit. the list of machineries and
products with the table and identification chart are under below:

2.1: List of Machineries

Niigata CN75 Origin Japan. Model 1992, 110 grams capacity
Batten Field BA800 CD -K, Origin Austria, Model 1996, Capacit y 140 GMS
Kawaguchi K180C, Origin Japan, Model 1989, Capacit y 400 GMS
Haxxian HXF88 Origin China, Model 2012, Capacit y 125 gms
Chiller Plant
Cooling Tower
Generator 80KW
Generator 5.5KW
Hopper Dryers 3 numbers
Crusher
Manual Press 30 tons

2.2: Plastic Information

2.2.1: Glossary of Terms
2.2.2 Common Plastics Data
2.2.3 Plastic Properties
2.2.4 Plastic Identification

2.2.1: Glossary of Terms

1: Agglomerate
A gathering of small particles into a larger mass.

2: Air release
Test for determining the relative ease of removing air from a plastisol.

3: Blister
Irregular area in the surface of a fused plastisol; usuall y caused by water,
solvent, or air contamination.
4: Brookfield viscosity
A measure of the low shear viscosit y of a plastisol, as determined with a
Brookfield rheometer.

5: Cast molding
Pouring plastisol into an open mold or injecting plastisol under low pressure
into closed matching molds, then heating to achieve fusion.

6: Desecration
The removal of entrapped air from a plastisol compound. This is usuall y
accomplished by subjecting the vinyl dispersion to a vacuum ether during
mixing or in a later operation.

7: Dilatant
A liquid that increases in viscosit y with increasing shear rate.

8: Diluent
Additive used to lower the viscosit y of a plastisol.

9: Dip coating
A process by which plastisol becomes a functional part of the object dipped.

10: Dip molding.

A process similar to hot dip coating, in which the finish ed product is the fused
plastisol stripped from the dipped mold. Dip molding is used to produce such
articles as gloves, grips, and protective caps.

11: Dispersion
Finel y divided particles of a material suspended in liquid.

12: Durometer
The measure of the hardness of a material.

13: Elongation
A measure of how far a film of fused plastisol can be extended before breaking.

14: Emulsifier
A chemical ingredient designed to produce an emulsion of two liquids which do
not naturall y mix; also called “soap.”

15: Flammability
The ease with which a material may be set afire.

16: Fillers
Materials that are added to a system to reduce cost and/or modify the system or
the propertiesk of the finished product.
17: Fusion
The heating process by which the PVC resin and other components are
transformed from their original state to a new, homogenous structure.

18: Gelation
The moment at which all liquids are absorbed by the resin, changing the
plastisol from a liquid to a solid.

19: Grind
A test yielding information on the size of particles within a plastisol.

20: Knife coating

The use of a blade -like device to appl y a coating of plastisol in a single pass, to
paper, fabric, metal, or a release substrate.

21: Leaching
The process by which plasticizer or other materi als migrate from a partiall y
fused or fused vinyl film.

22: Newtonian
A liquid whose viscosit y is independent of shear rate.

23: Open cavity molding

A cast molding process in which plastisol is formed into a finished article or
cast in place as part of a composite article, such as a water filter or automotive
air filter.

24: Organosol
A plastisol to which a solvent has been added.

25: PVC dispersion resin

Fine-particle size PVC material which forms a plastisol when mixed into a
liquid plasticizer.

26: Plasticizer
High-boiling organic liquid or low -melting-point solid that imparts flexibilit y to
PVC resin.

27: Plastisol
A liquid composed of PVC dispersion -resin dispersed in a plasticizer.

28: Pseudo-plastic
A liquid that decreases in viscosit y with increasing shear rate.

29: Rheology
The study of the deformation and flow of matter, incorporating viscosity
measurements as well as how viscosit y changes with shear rate.

30: Rheometer
An instrument for measuring the flow of liquids.

31: Rotational molding

Used to create hollow forms (flexible or rigid) with complex shapes and even
varying wall thickness. The process involves introducing a precise amount of
plastisol into a mold, then rotating the mold in two planes while heating it, to
disperse, gel, and fuse the plastisol in a single step.

32: Saturation coating

A method for totall y impregnating a substrate with a plastisol compound.

33: Screen printing

The application of plastisol through a fine screen, usuall y with a stencil in place
to produce a specific design or portion thereof. Highl y detailed, multi -colored
images are possible with this process.

34: Severs viscosity

A measure of the high shear viscosit y of a plastisol as determined with a Severs
rheometer.

35: Shear rate

The velocit y gradien t applied to a liquid.

36: Slush molding

Used to create hollow, flexible items. A quantit y of plastisol is poured into a
heated female mold, causing gelling of the plastisol directl y in contact with the
heated surfaces. The excess plastisol is poured off and the gelled layer is fused
with heat. After fusing, the finished item is removed from the mold.

37: Specific gravity

The ratio of the weight of any volume of a substance to the weight of an equal
volume of waterat 4º C.

38: Specks
Burnt resin or dark flecks resulting from overheating in the drying process.

39: Spray coating

A process involving the use of airless spray systems to coat large objects,
vertical surfaces, irregular or shapes, often in -place. With spray coating,
unlimited passes can be made in order to achieve the desired coating thickness.
Decorative effects can be achieved using special spray heads.
40: Surfactant
A surface-active agent used in plastisols to reduce viscosity and improve air
release.

41: Tensile strength

The breaking strength of a material when subjected to a breaking force;
commonl y expressed in pounds per square inch.

42: Thixotropic
A decrease in viscosit y of a liquid due to low shear force being applied
continuall y.

43: Transfer coating

Used for applications wher e the position, thickness, hardness, softness, or
decorative effect must be tightl y controlled.

44: UV resistance
The abilit y of a substance to resist degradation from exposure to an ultraviolet
source.

45: Viscosity
The degree to which a liquid resists flow under applied force.
Viscosit y aging.
The tendency of a plastisol to change in viscosit y during storage.

2.4: Adress and Contact

Address: Plot # 3, Rajpoot street, Ghulam Hussain Colony,
Shera Kot Bund Road, Lahore Pakistan
Phone: 042 37482545, 37413724
Fax: 042 37482459
Email: info@pol yplast.com.pk
CHAPTER NO 3

Week 1

3.1: Summary of Significant Accounting Policies .

AZCO prepares its financial statements on a going concern basis, under the
historical cost convention. It follows the modified accrual basis of accounting
for key income and expenditure items.
The significant accounting policies followed in the preparation and presentation
of financial statements are summarized below.

I. AZCO Accounts Department

II. Preparation of Vouchers
III. Collection of Source Documents
IV. AZCO Accounts Department Processing of Data with Ledger and Register
V. Department wise Consolidate Financial Statements

3.1.1: Basis of preparation of Financial Statements

AZCO maintains its books of accounts and records on the basis of departments,
that is, each department is looked upon as a separate accounting entit y having
separate set of books. The Accounts department maintains records of all
accounting, investment and mana gement functions. All cash balances, including
those meant those meant for departments are held at one place and spent for or
transferred to departments as required.

3.1.2: Expenses
Expenses arise from goods and services being distributed to beneficiaries in
accordance with the Company objectives and activities. AZCO administrative
expenses are allocated to various departments.

3.1.3: Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable arise principall y from providing services to Company
Creditors. Accounts receivables are recognized when they are due.

3.1.4: Employee Gratuity and Redundancy Fund

AZCO makes provisions for an Employee Gratuity and Redundancy fund, on the
basis of two months’ basic salary for each completed years of service for each
permanent employee (based on the latest basic salary).
For accounting purpose the provision is made on a monthly basis. Gratuity is to be
disbursed upon retirement of employees whilst redundancy disbursements are to be
made in the event of cessation of service from AZCO on grounds of redundancy.

3.1.5: Cash & Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents for the purposes of the statement of cash flows comprise
cash and bank balances and un -pledged fixed deposits, against which bank
overdrafts, if any, are deducted.

3.1.6: Bill-Voucher Preservation

Except any legal and regulatory documents like deeds, agreements, books and
records related to Income Tax, VAT, or any other legal documents which might be
needed in future, all other documents, vouchers, bills, files, or registers shall be
destroyed after of 5 (five) years. A committee will effect the disposal. A
list of documents destroyed shall be preserved.

Week 2

3.2: Payments
AZCO payments can be categorized as follows:
3.2.1: Internal Payments
Internal payments are payments its makes for internal matters. Some payments are
below:
i. Salary Payment
Payroll is one of the largest payments that take place every month. AZCO has
Payroll wing which is responsible for preparation of pa yroll. Details about payroll
have been discussed later under payroll section.

ii. Staff Final Payment

Final Payment is made when a staff leaves AZCO by way of resignation,

termination, dismissal or redundancy. The staff needs to take clearance from
his/her department in -charge and other relevant departments (transport, library,
HRD etc.) to get final payment. The final payment includes gratuity, provident
fund, leave pay et c

iii. Payment of other expenses

This includes payment of traveling allowance, local conve yance, and overtime bill,
daily allowance and other reimbursements. Employees prepare their bills and get
approval from their respective department heads. Then treasury section makes
payment. Accountant prepares payment voucher. The voucher is approved either by
the head of accoun ts.

3.2.2: External Payment

External payments are usuall y made against purchase of goods and services.
They include office rent, food and accommodation fees for residential
semesters, fixed assets, supplies etc. Purchases
are made according to the rules of “Procurement Manual”. The
Supplier/Contractor, after performance of the contract, submits bill to
procurement department which approves the bill after necessary verification.

i. Provident Fund
A confirmed employee is entitl ed to be a member of PISFT contributory
provident fund (PF).

Every month the non -facult y staff contributes 10% and facult y staff 5% of their
basic salaries, which is matched by the universit y.

ii. Income Tax

According to Income Tax Ordinance 1984 tax has to be deducted at source from
salary that exceeds the taxable limit. The entire amount deducted is deposited to
government account within prescribed time. The computerized payroll register
automaticall y calculates individual tax liabilit y. The liability i s then evenl y
distributed over twelve months and realized from salary.

iii. Advance against salary (Interest free, through IOU)

Employees are entitled to draw half -month's salary as advance, if they go on
leave before and, are not expected to return, by t he scheduled date of salary.
The advance payment is made through IOU form. The staff fills IOU form and
gets own department's recommendation before submitting it to the Accountants
for approval

Chapter 5 Finance Department

Duties of the Finance Department include: controlling expenditures and

obligations (including operating expenses, debt, payroll) receipting and
depositing all revenues. Managing the investment of all monies. The finance
department is also responsible for m anagement of the organization’s cash flow
and ensuring there are enough funds available to meet the day -to-da y
payments. This area also encompasses the credit and collections policies for the
company’s customers, to ensure the organization is paid on time , and that there
is a payment policy for the company’s suppliers. In most organizations there
will be some form of forecast prepared on a regular basis to systematicall y
calculate the ongoing cash needs.
5.1 Introduction to Accounting and Finance Department at
Hospital
Finance and Accounting Department is sole by responsible for financing
activities and auditing of Hospital incomes and expenditure. A Chief Accountant
leads the department by support of assistant accountants, auditors and cashiers.
An accounting department provides accounting services and financial support to
the organization it belongs to. The department records accounts payable and
receivable, inventory, payroll, fixed assets and all other financial elements. The
department's accountants r eview the records of each department to determine the
company's financial position and any changes required to run the organization
cost-effectivel y.
An accounting department provides accounting services and manages the
finances of a company. Its responsibilities include recording accounts, paying
bills, billing clients and customers, tracking assets and expenditures, managing
payroll and keeping track of critical tax documents.

5.2 Purpose of an Accounting Department

An accounting department is a dedicated team of specialists who manage the
finances of an organization. While not every member of the team will be a
certified public accountant, team members will generall y have training in
bookkeeping processes and procedures. By developing an accounting
department, a company can help ensure full transparency in its financial
transactions, while also providing specialized, centralized support to other
teams and managers. Qualit y financial management can help ensure the ongoing
health of a business.

5.2.1 Accounts Payable and Receivable

The accounts payable section of an accounting department records goods and

services that it receives and the payments it owes, such as inventory from a
supplier or other expenses. The department records each accounts payable as a
liability and accounts receivable as assets. Assets such as revenue and
customers’ obligations pay for goods and services.

5.2.2 Payroll and Monitoring Employees' Time Off

The payroll function of an accounting department ensures that the organization

pays its employees accuratel y, including bonuses, commissions and benefits.
The department monitors employees' time off, vacation and sick days. It pays
the government taxes as well as union dues and other withholding from an
employee's paycheck. The department reimburses employees for expenses and
makes payments to vendors.

5.2.3 Inventory Cost Management

A company's inventory is the goods owned for the purpose of sale. Inventory is
usuall y sold within a year. An accounting department watches the cost of
inventory over a specific period against its revenues to ensure that the cost of
raw materials, labor and overhead do not negativel y impact cash flow. The
accounting department tries to find a balance between high inventory levels that
satisfy customers but are costl y to the company and low inventory levels that
satisfy the company's expenses but may dissatisfy customers.

5.2.4 Recording Fixed Assets

In order to function effectivel y, a company may need machinery, equipment,

vehicles and other fixed assets it uses over several years. The accounting
department is responsible for recording fixed assets on a balance sheet with
depreciation. Fixed assets could be intangible – such as goodwill or a trademark
– or tangible – such as machinery. As the company needs an upg rade to remain
competitive, its financial statements will determine what the business can
afford.
5.3 Objectives of Accounts Department:
 To assists in preparation of hospital, clinic and departmental financial
statements; maintains records and follow up do cumentation.
 To develops and maintains Excel spreadsheets for various accounting and
financial projects; provides clerical support; assists with budgets;
 To anal yzes and monitors financial data, trends, and indicators.
 To Accumulates facts and informati on in specific accounting areas and
summarizes in proper form. Anal yzes financial data for discrepancies or
errors; reconciles data.

5.4 Essential Functions

 Maintain specified hospital and clinic financial records; maintains and
reconciles account ledgers; maintains and enters monthl y journal entries,
maintains and reconciles bank accounts.
 Anal yzes accounts to trace discrepancies or errors.
 Assist in developing and maintain advanced Excel spreadsheets for a
variet y of applications.
 Assist in preparation of internal departmental budgets and submits
periodic budget reports to state.
 Assist in preparation of annual cost report.
 Assist in preparation for annual independent audit. Provides accurate and
reliable information as needed for any other reports or audits as
requested.
 Submit reports and respond to inquiries from state and federal agencies,
third-part y payers, and other outside parties.
 Assist in preparation of reports and financial statements for Board
Meetings.
 Anal yze and monitors fi nancial data, trends, and indicators. This review
and anal ysis is both on a standard, ongoing basis as well as on request.
  Assess financial impact of proposed services and programs and monitors
financial cost/benefit of existing programs and services.
 Anal yze, review and maintain the Charge Master for the Hospital.
 Anal yze and report fiscal activit y, makes recommendations, and/or takes
appropriate action to reduce the cost of providing services.
 Investigate, gather information, and answer routine queries arising from
CFO, Administration and Directors.
 Prepare statistical reports and create standard and ad hoc reports for CFO
and other departments as requested.
 Develop and maintain a good knowledge of RGH’s processes and
procedures in regards to the acco unting system.
 Appl y basic accounting knowledge and techniques to all areas of work,
including routine costing and variance anal ysis.
 Perform financial calculations to support financial transactions.
 Assist in ensuring departmental compliance with estab lished policies,
State licensure and other regulatory standards, including safet y,
environmental and legal requirements, and policies and procedures, both
internal and external.
 Participate in performance improvement.
 Communicate pertinent information to employees.
 Provide clerical and general support to CFO as directed.
 Assist the CFO and Administrator with special projects reports as
requested.

5.5 Briefs

5.5.1 Responsibilities

Hospital accountants need to know the following responsibilities in accou nting:

preparing financial papers for internal and external vendors, write monthl y
reports to determine whether the financial information generated are accurate,
 perform account receivable duties and assist with preparing the hospital’s
budget.

5.5.2 Other Responsibilities

Additional responsibilities include creating ledgers and financial anal ysis

reports on selected hospital functions, ensuring that all transactions performed
by the hospital are done accuratel y and efficientl y, and prepare financial
statements on a monthl y basis.

Chapter 6 INTERNSHIP ACTIVITIES

These are some activities which I performed during m y internship

6.1 FINANCE & ACCOUNTING SERVICES DEPARTMENT

Department is alienated into three main sections for smooth working

1. Billing section
2. Accounts section
3. Audit section
I worked in billing section

6.2 BILLING SECTION

 Main Cash Counter
 General Patients Counter
 Corporate patients Counter
 Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) Patients Counter
 Angiography & Angioplast y Patients Counter
 Emergency Department cash Counter
 Radiology Cash Counter

 6.2.1 ADMISSION PROCEDURE

 Admission through Emergency Counter

 Admission through Consultant OPD

Admission through Emergency Counter

Whenever patient approached the hospital on emergency basis, he is to be
attended and managed by the dut y doctor at emergency counter. In case of
consultancy by the specialist and the patient needs to be admitted for
observation, medical management and some procedure he refers to admit the
concerned consultant.

Admission through Consultant OPD

Whenever patient approached the hospital on OPD basis to visit some consultant
and he needs to be admitted for observation, medical management and some
procedure he refers to admit under the concerned consultant

Admission procedure
Whenever patient is requires to be admitted, he has to approach billing office
for detailed information about hospital treatment, estimated cost of treatment
and amount to be deposited at the time of admission. Billing office is 24 hours
in operation. All hospital service charges are available in the system for the
patient at any time as requested by the patient.
For patient and attendant data, main reception is available at all the time. After
entering necessary particulars admission form is gene rated and medical
registration number is allocated to the patient. All subsequent services provided
to the patient are entered and updated by this unique registration number.
Patient bill is restructured & informed to the patient/attendant on dail y basis. At
the time of discharge after necessary documentation at concerned nursing
counter, the file is shifted to billing section for final settlement. The patient bill
 is updated & verified from the accounts sheet and bill is handed over the
patient/attendant for review so that the same may be settled.
After the settlement of bill, Gate pass is issued in duplicate one copy is used to
collect patient discharge summery & investigation reports from the concerned
nursing counter.
The second copy is to be taken by th e securit y staff at the time of physical exit
of the patient from the hospital.

6.3 Main cash counter

Functions:
 Reception of cash from patient directl y and through emergency cash counter &
Radiology cash counter
 Deposit of cash into various banks in hosp ital accounts
 Handling dail y cash payment
 Documentation regarding dail y cash receipts and payments

Chapter No. 8 My work at JEL:

1 S T WEEK

Preparation of Bank Reconciliation:

In bookkeeping, a bank reconciliation statement is a process that explains the
difference on a specified date between the bank balance show in an
organization’s bank statement, as supplied by the bank and the corresponding
amount show in the organization’s own accounting records

Such difference many occur, For example, because

The checks issued by organization have not been presented to the bank.

A banking transaction, such as credit received, or a charge made by the bank,

has not yet been recorded in the organization’s books either the bank or the
organization it self has made an error.

Some time it may be easy to reconcile the difference by looking at very recent
transactions in the bank statement and the organization’s own accounting
records (cash book) and seeing if some combination of them tallies with the
difference to be explained.

Otherwise it may be necessary to go through and match every transaction in both

sets of records since the last reconciliation, and see that what transactions
remain unmatched. The necessary adjustments should then be made in the cash
book, or reported to the bank if necessary, or any timing difference recorded to
assist with future reconciliations.

For this reason, and to minimize the amount of work involved, it is good
practice to carry out such reconciliations at reasonabl y frequent intervals.

2 N D &3 R D WEEK

Cash Payment Voucher:

These t ypes of vouchers are prepared when cash payments are made against
small expenses i.e. repair, entertainment etc. in order to record the expenses
following entry is passed:

Account code name of expense (debit) Amoun t

Cash account (credit) Amount

Evidence of expense is attached with the cash payment vouchers.

Cash Receipt Voucher:

This voucher is prepared at the time of making payments to any part y. Part y
name is debited with the amount to which payment has been made. Payment
vouchers are used for the payment up to Rs.5000. Payments more than this are
made through bank

However, these t ypes of vouchers are small in quantit y because majorit y of

transactions are done by bank. On receipt of cash, cashier prepared the cash
received slip. Account officer prepares voucher on the basis of cash receipt
prepared by the cashier. In order to book the transaction the following entry is
passed in the books.

Account code cash account (debit) Amount

Income A/C or receivable A/C (credit) Amount

Account code Bank A/C (debit) Amount

Cheques clearing A/C (credit) Amount

4 t h Week

Journal Voucher & Adjustment Voucher:

These t ypes of vouchers are generall y prepared in the following circumstances;

 Purchase on credit
 Writing off assets i.e. depreciation store consumption etc.
 Rectification of mistakes or omissions
 Payment of trailer freight
 Payment of TA/DA allowance

Purchase on credit

Generall y raw material, stores and spares are purchased on credit. In order to
account them for the journal voucher are prepared by the concerned account
officer

Account code Purchase A/C (debit) Amount

Account payable A/C (credit) Amount

Copy of the invoices is attached with vouchers;

Payment of freight

Generall y, trilor frieght is paid to differrent parties. The amount of trilor

frieght is adjusted as invoice came.

Account Code Occean frieght A/c(Debit) Amount

Account Code Yarn Export expense A/c (Debit) Amount

Account Code Party name LOLO charges (Debit) Amount

Account Payable A/c (Credit) Amount

Bank Voucher:
There are two main types of Bank Voucher.

 Bank payment voucher

 Bank receipt voucher

Bank Payment Voucher:

Bank Payment Voucher is prepared to payment of expense to different parties
against invoices.

Following transaction is passed.

Account Code Expense (Debit) Amount

Account Code Bank (Credit) Amount

Bank Receipt Voucher:

Bank receipt voucher is pre pared against sale of yarn against invoices.

Following transactions is passed.

Bank (Debit) Amount

Party name (Credit) Amount

Party name (Debit) Amount

Sale (Credit) Amount.

5 TH WEEK
Revenue Cycle Report:
When the customer receive the desired goods then the billing department
received the delivery notes and make the bill for those goods and services or
request for the payments so sale transaction is occur.

The Three copies are prepared:

1 s t is send to shipping department for consumer invoice

2 n d is to store as billing record

3 r d is send to accounts department for collections

In cash receipt system there may be sales on cash or credit basis:

 In case of cash sales, debited the cash and credited the sales.
 In case of credit sales account receivable is a debited and sales are
credited

Types of documents:

Credit sales: Sales order, shipping notice, Sales

invoice.

Cash sales: Sales ticket

Cash receipt: Remittances advices

Sales returns and allowance Credit Memo

Bad debits written off Memo

Revenue Cycle Report:

Control Reports: control reports may disclose the transactions, or they may list
changes made duri ng file maintenance.

Register: A register is a listing of all transactions of a certain t ype that were

processed during a single processing period

Special purpose reports:

Most systems are require three special purpose accounting reports in the revenue
cycle.

6TH, 7TH & 8TH WEEK

WORKING IN SALE DEPARTMENT

Types of Sale
Local Sale:
“ In a particular place, area, location, etc.”

Types of Local Sale:

 Direct Sale:
Is the process of selling products face -to-face away from a retail
store location.

 Indirect Sale:
Are the sale of a good or service by a third -part y, such as a
partner or affiliate, rather than a company's personnel
.
 Broker: A broker is an individual person who arranges transactions
between a buyer and a seller for a commission when the deal is
executed.

Procedure of Sale:
 Sale
 Contract
 Production mail
 Stock report
 Dispatch Mill
 Detail of dispatch
 Delivery order -invoice
 Payment-Nil

Quantity Report:
A report is prepared to show the quantit y of units sold and issued and in
balance.

Importance of Quantity Report:

• It may provide a more reliable indicator of movement of goods
because it is free of valuation problems

• It can be used in checking the reliabilit y of the value data

• It is indispensable in the construction of index numbers and for

transportation statistics.

Dispatch Mill ( Arrangement of Dispatch )

Dispatch:
is a procedure for assigning employees (workers) or vehicles to
customers. Industries that dispatch include taxes, couriers,
emergency services ,

Sale Tax Invoice:

When preparing an invoice for a client, in some cases you must charge sales tax.

To calculate the sales tax due, you first have to gather information from the
state's finance bureau and carefull y anal yze the invoice details. After
calculating the amount due, you must then enter that information into the
invoice as well as your accounts payable system.

Account Receivable:

Account receivable is the money that a company has a right to receive

because it had provided customers with goods and/or services. For
example, a manufacturer will have an account receivable when it delivers a
truckload of goods to a customer on June 1 and the customer is allowed to
pay in 30 days. From June 1 until the company receives the money, the
company will have an account receivable (and the customer will have an
account payable).
Accounts receivables are also known as trade receivables.

It is also important for a company to monitor its accounts receivable and to

immediately follow up with any customer who has not paid as agreed. An
aging of accounts receivable is a tool that will help and it is readily
available with most accounting software. A general rule is that the older a
receivable gets, the less likely it will be collec ted in full.

Accounts receivable are reported as a current asset on a company's balance

sheet. Good accounting requires that an estimate be made for the amount
that is unlikely to be collected. That estimate is reported as a credit
balance in a related rec eivable account such as Allowance for Doubtful
Accounts .

CHAPTER NO 4

Week 3

4.1: Human Recourse Department

I tried to integrate m y theoretical knowledge of HR and combine it with
practical examples as observed during my internship. I have tried to cover all
the major functions of Human Resource Management- recruitment, selection,
compensation and benefits, training and development and convey m y
understandings of the different functions of Human Resource Management
through this project. At the end of the report I have done a SWOT Anal ysis on
the HRM Practice of Alliance
Capital followed by discussing critical points. I have also tried to provide some
recommendations based on m y knowledge followed by the conclusion which I
gathered during m y internship.
Human Resources Management Human resource management involves all
management decisions and practices that dir ectl y affect or influence the people,
or human resources, who work for the organization. In modern years, amplified
concentration has been devoted to how organizations manage Human Resources.
This augmented focus comes from the comprehension that an organization’s
employees facilitate an organization to attain its goals and the management of
these human resources is vital to an organization’s success.

4.2: Functions of HR The functions of human resource management

1. Staffing 2. Training and Development
3. Motivation 4. Maintenance.

4.2.1: Staffing

Staffing in HRM Activities in HRM concerned with seeking and hiring qualified
employees is Staffing. A company needs a well -defined reason for needing
individuals who posses specific skills, knowledge and abilities to specify the job.
Employee referrals can produce the best applicants for two reasons. First, current
employees screen applicants before referring them. Second, current emplo yees
believe that their reputations with the firm will be reflected in the candidates that
they recommend.

Recruiting is the initial step of staffing. Recruiting is the process of locating,

identifying, and attracting capable employees. Man y companies are finding new
employees on the World Wide Web. The source that is used should reflect the local
labor market, the type or level of position, and the size of the organization. Now
the second step of Staffing, that is Strategic HR planning. For that a company plans
strategically. They set goals and objectives, these goals and objectives may lead to
the structural changes in the company. Third step is Selection. This process is
attracting qualified applicators and discouraging the unqualified applicants. By this
a company can get its desired employees of requirement. It has dual focus,
attempting thin out the large set of applications that arrived during the recruiting
phase and to select an applicant who will be successful on the job. To achieve this
goal, companies can use a variety of steps. The employees who are able to
do all the steps and ensure good performance they get the job. HRM must
communicate a variety of information to the applicants, such as the organization
culture.

4.2.2: Training and Development

Training is one of the important activities of human resource mana gement. In

the training process companies try to motivate and train the employees in a
manner so that they can work more effectivel y in the future. Under the training
process there are some steps they are given below: Employee Orientation:
Employee orientation provides new employees with the basic background
information they need to perform their jobs satisfactoril y. Companies arrange an
orientation program for the employees. In an orientation program the employees
should feel welcome understand the organiz ation in a broad sense be clear about
what the firm expects in terms of work and behavior begin the process of
socialization Employee Training: There is some process, method and techniques
of employee training. A company follows the all the steps of training to provide
the employees a good look on their work. Career Development:

The career development stage is given below Pre transition: Is simpl y looking
for a job and preparing oneself for a career. Transition: An individual is alread y
having a job and developing oneself for future career or moving to another
career. Preferred area: An individual prefers a specific sector of the career.
Earl y stage: First 1 -5 years of career is called earl y career.
Mid-career: 5-20 years after the career starts. Late car eer: Late career starts
after 20 years of job life. Retirement: And finall y after completing the stages of
career and individual decides to retired.

Week 4
4.2.3: Motivation in HRM

Motivation is to inspire people to work, individuals in such as to produ ce best

results. It is the willingness to exert high level of effort towards organizational
goals, conditioned by the efforts and abilit y to satisfy some individual needs.
An important part of the retention of staff, reducing staff turnover and
minimizing absenteeism at work is ensuring that staff are properl y motivated.
The wage should be increased, the facilities should be insured and social
securit y should be confirmed. These are the t ypes of common motivational
ways. Staff motivation is the cornerstone of open, flexible and caring
management culture, which the Government aims to establish through HRM. To
put it into practice, “open” means not onl y to listen to staff suggestions and
opinions, but also to empower staff, accept their constructive criticisms and use
their suggestions. To be “flexible”, we may need to change the traditional
ways of doing things. As far as staff motivation is concerned, the biggest
challenge perhaps is to stop focusing on problems and the guilt y part y (police
behavior) and start looking for those responsible for things gone right (coach
behavior). “Caring” calls for a human leader who would give emotional support
to individuals and at the same time attend to the overall emotional needs of team
members – which include treating th em all in a fair and impartial manner.
Today’s employees want a respect that can be seen as involvedness in decision
that will affect them. Listening to the employees is a way of Motivation. All the
motivation functions focus on one primary goal, to have s ome competent and
adapted employees with up-to-date skills, knowledge and abilities, exerting high
energy levels.

4.2.4: Maintenance

Maintenance of employees To maintain the employees of a company must look

after the employee- Health and Safet y: For empl oyees health and safet y there
HR policy need to be very clear to all staff so that they feel safe to work here.
They can put their attention and productivit y properl y towards the task.

4.3: HRM of Alliance Capital

During m y internship i was mainl y assign in HR department. Po ly pla st Cu sto m
M o ulde rs ( P VT ) L TD always determine what jobs need to be done, and how many
and t ypes of workers will be required. So, establishing the structure of the asset
management company assists in determining the skills, knowledge and abilities
of job holders. To ensure appropriate personnel are available to meet the
requirements set during the strategic planning process. It believes that the
qualit y work comes from qualit y workers who ar e well motivated and ready
to take challenge to provide better service.
CHAPTER NO 5

Week:5
5.1: Marketing Strategy

Pol yplast Custom Moulders Company’s direct marketing strategy consists of

direct mailing of the target customer sending an offer announcement. For this
purpose company use internet email, fax mail etc.

5.2: Promotion mix strategy:

5.2.1 Advertising Strategy :

Pol yplast Custom Moulders company advertising strategy consists of creating

effective massages and select most effective ad vertising media to convey
messages to the large number of target audience.

5.2.2 Internal Record system:

Pol yplast Custom Moulders Company records all information up to customers
order to payments schedule. The company use electronic device to record
information.

Crystal Agencies regularl y records the information of sales, cash flows,

production schedule, shipment and inventories history.

5.2.3 Marketing intelligences:

Pol yplast Custom Moulders Company collects information from the different
secondary sources such as website of the competitors, customers, and Govt.
statistic, journals, from the marketing both micro and macro environment. For
developing marketing strategies, decision making, trace the competitor action.

5.2.4 Marketing Resource:

Pol yplast Custom Moulders Company is not a larger company and they also have
lacking of finance so they don’t conduct any for mat studies of specific
situation.

Anal yzing marketing information

5.2.5 Customer relationship management:

Pol yplast Custom Moulders Company always tries to maintain a good
relationship with the high valued customers. For this reason the capture
information from the order website visits, payment interaction, sales force
contract.
5.3: Target Market:
Pol yplast Custom Moulders Company target all Auto Mobile Market, Molding
Industry, Whole sealers, Glossary Items

5.4: Positioning:
Pol yplast Custom Moulders Company competitive advantages is higher qualit y
lower price, offering mor e benefit to the customers, those feature differentiate
the company from the competitors. Pol yplast Custom Moulders Compan y
products exist in the market on the basis of it, competitive price, maintain stick
delivery schedule and standard qualit y products.

5.5: Product Management:

Manager of Marketing and Sales Department leads a team of highl y qualified
employees and sales executives selected among the high profile young and
energetic persons. A group of well trained people always ensures the smooth
operation of machinery and research team will always try to improve the new
qualit y by research and development.

5.6: Pricing Approaches:

Companies set prices by selecting a general pricing approach that includes three
set of factor the cost base pricing , valu e base pricing, competition base pricing.
P o l yp la st C u sto m Mo uld er s company follow competition base pricing so the
customers will base their judgments of products value on the price that
competitor charge for similar products.
CHAPTER NO 6

Week 6

6.1: Production
The processes and methods used to transform tangible inputs (raw materials,
semi finished goods, subassemblies) and intangible inputs (ideas, information,
knowledge) into goods or services. Resources are used in this process to create
an output that is suitable for use or has exchange value.

6.2: Factor of Production

Economists divide the factors of production into four categories: land, labor,
capital, and entrepreneurship. The first factor of production is land, but this
includes any natural resource used to produce goods and services.
I: Land Factor II: Labor Factor
III: Capital Factor IV: Entrepreneurship Factor

6.2.1: Land as a Factor of Production

Land is short for all the natural resources available to create suppl y. It includes
raw propert y and anything that comes from the ground. It can be a non -
renewable resource.

That includes commodities such as oil and gold. It can also be a renewable
resource, such as timber. Once man changes it from its original condition, it
becomes a capital good. For example, oil is a natural resource, but gasoline is a
capital good. Farmland is a natural resource, but a shopping center is a capital
good.

The income earned by owners of land and other resources is called rent.

6.2.2: Labor as a Factor of Production

Labor is the work done by people.

The value of the workforce depends on workers' education, skills, and
motivation. It also depends on productivity. That measures how much each hour
of worker time produces in output.
The reward or income for la bor is wages.
The United States has a large, skilled, and mobile labor force that responds
quickl y to changing business needs.
6.2.3: Capital as a Factor of Production

Capital is short for capital goods. These are man -made objects like mach inery,
equipment, and chemicals that are used in molding production. That's what
differentiates them from consumer goods. For example, capital goods include
industrial and commercial.
The income earned by owners of capital goods is called interest.

6.2.4: Entrepreneurship as a Factor of Production

Entrepreneurship is the drive to develop an idea into a business. An
entrepreneur combines the other three factors of production to add to suppl y.

I: The most successful are innovative risk -takers.

II: The income entrepreneurs earn is profits.

The Majorit y of entrepreneurs in the own small businesses. theirs raise money
on the stock market by issuing an initial public offering. Shares in these
companies are called small -cap stocks.

6.3: Checking Production on D aily Base

Details checking all production every day ending period of Working and Prepaid
a list off workers working during the working hours find worker affiances with
the help of detail checking its make a good impact on worker working
performance. Some Dail y reports and under Below:

Polyplast CUSTOM MOULDERS

Daily Activity Report

Name: Junaid
Employee Code: 00127
Department : Production Quality
Designation: Senior Quality Executive
Date Sr. No. Activities

19-Mar-18
A Top Priorities
1 Material issue for production.
3 Production part quality check on machine.
4 Maintain 5s on production hall.
5 Solve the problem of Soaking in SCL.
6 Visit Expo Center with Xeshan SabS.
7 Solve the problem of crack in MR.
8 Update DDR daily basis.
B Secondary Tasks
1 part delivered to store.
2 Check Assembly for 4 Times.
3 Check quality Gate for 5 Times.

Polyplast CUSTOM MOULDERS

Daily Activity Report
Name: Junaid
Employee Code: 00127
Department : Production Quality
Designation: Senior Quality Executive
Date Sr. No. Activities
20-Mar-18
A Top Priorities
1 Material issue for production.
3 Production part quality check on machine.
4 Maintain 5s on production hall.
5 Solve the problem of Soaking in SCL.
6 Make the CAR Months of February.
7 Update DDR daily basis.
B Secondary Tasks
1 part delivered to store.
2 Check Assembly for 3 Times.
3 Check quality Gate for 3 Times.

Polyplast CUSTOM MOULDERS

Daily Activity Report
Name: Junaid
Employee Code: 00127
Department : Production Quality
Designation: Senior Quality Executive
Date Sr. No. Activities
21-Mar-
18
A Top Priorities
1 Material issue for production.
3 Production part quality check on machine.
4 Maintain 5s on production hall.
5 Solve the problem of Soaking in SCL.
6 Slump for MR 5 Time because material issue.
7 Update DDR daily basis.
B Secondary Tasks
1 part delivered to store.
2 Check Assembly for 1 Time.
3 Check quality Gate for 3 Time.

Polyplast CUSTOM MOULDERS

Daily Activity Report
Name: Junaid
Employee Code: 00127
Department : Production Quality
Designation: Senior Quality Executive
Date Sr. No. Activities
22-Mar-18
A Top Priorities
1 Material issue for production.
3 Production part quality check on machine.
4 Maintain 5s on production hall.
5 Solve the problem of Soaking in SCL.
6 Audit for MR and Make Audit Report.
7 Going to zulfaqer for check Mold Oil gauge.
8 Going to Receive for New crusher.
9 Update DDR or CDR
B Secondary Tasks
1 Production all Part delver for Final Inspection.
2 Check Assembly for 3 Time.
3 Check quality Gate for 4 Time.

Polyplast CUSTOM MOULDERS

Daily Activity Report
Name: Junaid
Employee Code: 00127
Department : Production Quality
Designation: Senior Quality Executive
Date Sr. No. Activities
24-Mar-18
A Top Priorities
1 Material issue for production.
3 Production part quality check on machine.
4 Maintain 5s on production hall.
5 Solve the problem of Soaking in SCL.
6 Audit for MR and Make Audit Report.
7 Going to Miss Anum Office for Meeting on 2.30pm
8 Going to Receive for New Molder.
9 Setting all Machinery
B Secondary Tasks
1 Production all Part delver for Final Inspection.
2 Check Assembly for 2 Time.
3 Check quality Gate for 2Time.

Polyplast CUSTOM MOULDERS

Daily Activity Report

Name: Junaid
Employee Code: 00127
Department : Production Quality
Designation: Senior Quality Executive
Date Sr. No. Activities
26-Mar-18

A Top Priorities
1 Material issue for production.
3 Production part quality check on machine.
4 Maintain 5s on production hall.
5 Solve the problem of Soaking in SCL.
6 Audit for MR and Make Audit Report.
7 Install New Machinery Model swo00863.
8 Going to Purchase Cutter Machine.
9 Update DDR or CDR
B Secondary Tasks
1 Production all Part delver for Final Inspection.
2 Check Assembly for 3 Time.
3 Check quality Gate for 4 Time.
Chapter No 7

CONCLUSION & RECOMMENDATIONS

7.1: CONCLUSION
Pol yplast Custom Moulders is a big name in molding indus try. Its working
environment is simply the best in Lahore.
The company has full y Molding, Production and packing units. Its qualit y
assurance system is one of the best in Pakistan. Recentl y it wins “Best Honda
supplier awards 2014 -15”and Best Quality Award Form Green Apple 2015 -16.
The company’s infrastructure is good. Offices are full y furnished. The company
is centrall y air -conditioned. The company is working in “ Papers less”
environment. Computerized bar coding and back tracking system are there.
Company has good warehousing capacity for Plastic and other raw materials.
Company has no separate marketing department. CEO and Marketing Manager of
the company perform marketing functions individuall y.
Company’s decision making is centralized. All major decisions are made b y
higher management and implemented by middle management.
Now Company is giving preference to its personals separate personnel
department is established and a ladies wing is also incorporated.
Financiall y the company is performing well. Its sales are increasing and its
profits are rapidl y growing.
Simpl y we can say that Pol yplast Custom Moulders is performing well.

7.2: SUGGESTIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS

There is no doubt P.P is very organized Custom Mulders Producer. Still there is
always room for improvements and following are some measures I suggest for
improving the performance of the company.
i) Decisions making should be decentralized. Middle and mid dle level
management should have participation in decision making.
ii) Company should have separate organized marketing department.
iii) Company should introduce products with its own brand name.
iv) Company should capture Middle East markets.
v) Company should start its own “Apparel Stores Chain”.
vi) Company should try to reduce workload.
vii) Promotions, increments and other benefits should be performance based in
the company.
viii) The company should build a dispensary for workers in the premises.
ix) Company shouldn’t depend upon large customers it should also try to capture
small ones.
x) Company should try to develop over all thinking of employees, not onl y
departmental thinking.
xi) Company should try to control wastage of Plastic. It reduces cost of
production.
xii) Company should try to enhance its customer portfolio by increasing
marketing efforts.