Water Quality Analysis of Vijayapur City

Water quality analysis of vijayapur city
The environment is everyone’s business and its protection ultimately depends on

individual and group action on a daily basis. Yet the ability of men and women to
protect their environment is often prevented by counter environment of poverty
and powerlessness, disabled bureaucracy and confounding legislation, outdated
policies and vested interests, and ineffectiveness. This is particularly the case with
what is for millions the biggest environment issue of all- access to and protection
of water.
Explosive growth of urban centers, and continuous exploitation of natural

resources, increasing water demand for food production, expanding population
lacking proper environmental sanitation have led to progressive depletion and
degradation of freshwater resources. Many current patterns of water use are not
sustainable. Although groundwater forms a major portion available water on earth,
its distribution and availability vary to a large extent depending on the geological
and climatological factors. The treatment of either the groundwater or surface
water polluted by fertilizer leaching is very expensive.
To safeguard the sustainable supply of safe drinking water and entire watersheds,
concerted action is needed on all fronts, including agriculture, forestry, transport,
electricity generation etc. Although cities are increasingly recognized as places of
social progress and economic growth, yet millions of urban residents lack access to
safe water and adequate sanitation. There is acute need to extend sustainable water
and sanitation coverage to the urban poor. Many countries also have large rural
population and efforts to extend service to the rural people.
The Human settlements and public effluent sources are the main factors degradation of urban
lakes. The anthropogenic pressures in the catchment itself has resulted in degradation of the
catchment area due to deforestation, extensive agricultural use and consequent erosion and
increased silt flows, which have vitiated the quality of lake water and ground water.
Infrastructure development, housing pressure and encroachments have resulted in converting
lake into hypereutropic state. The drinking water quality in the downstream has been
substantially reduced. The water quality of the lakes has deteriorated so much as to cause serious
disturbance to the biodiversity of the lake environment. Growth of water hyacinth has been
prolific in the lakes resulting in breeding of vectors. Cultural siltation in the form of immersion
of idols during specific festivals, an annual feature in India, has been a serious source of metallic
pollution of the lakes. Apathy of the executives in preventing the discharge of domestic and
industrial effluents into the lakes, lack of proper sewerage system and encroachments due to
nexus between the executives and the builders lobby are the main causes of lake water
degradation.
Comprehensive studies related to the analyses of water and soil around particular lake is very
rare.
Objectives
Clean-up of contamination, if at all possible, is often technically complex, extraordinarily

expensive, and only partially effective. Because restoration of groundwater quality is such a
formidable and cost prohibitive task, great emphasis is being placed upon protection of the
resource, i.e.., prevention of contamination. Existing data on ground water contamination shows
that problem vary spatially. Not all regions are equally vulnerable. The movement of nitrate ion
through the soil is of utmost importance since, of all the nutrient ions, it is the most susceptible to
loss by leaching and it’s because of its potential impact on water quality.
The objectives of the present research work are:
 Assessment of water quality for drinking and irrigation purpose, preparation of Water
Quality Index (WQI) drinking purpose and generation of WQI maps using GIS
techniques.
 Hydro chemical analysis to find the type of water present in rural and urban part of
Vijayapura Taluk.
 Infiltration studies at some selected water source locations where high NO3 values are
present and to conduct soil column study to understand the migration of nitrate and
chloride into ground water using nitrate and chloride as tracers.
 Assessment of water, soil and plant quality around Bhutnal kere watershed area.
Methodology
1. Reconnaissance survey of identifying the water sampling location

2. Water sampling and analysis
3. Ground water quality mapping using GIS software
4. Computation of water quality index (WQI) for drinking purpose
5. Critical evaluation of water quality parameters
6. Finding the suitability of water for irrigation
7. Infiltration studies at certain places where high nitrate values are found
8. Soil sampling and analysis
9. Soil column study
10.Investigation on water, soil and crop quality in and around hanchinal lake
Literature review

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Water quality analysis of vijayapur city

The environment is everyone’s business and its protection ultimately depends on

Explosive growth of urban centers, and continuous exploitation of natural

Clean-up of contamination, if at all possible, is often technically complex, extraordinarily

The objectives of the present research work are:

1. Reconnaissance survey of identifying the water sampling location

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