REPORT 21st Century GROUP 1

Region 1: Ilocos Region
Provinces
• Ilocos Norte
• Ilocos Sur
• La Union
• Pangasinan
Capital
• Laoag City
• Vigan City
• San Fernando City
• Lingayen
Background
The Ilokano
• The native of Ilokadia, or Ilocos region, calls their literature Kurditan Samtoy
• From the words “kurdit” meaning “to write” and “saomi ditoy” meaning “our language is here”
Iluko Writers and authors

Pedro Bucaneg (March 1592- c.1603)
• Was a Filipino poet; blind since birth
• Author of the Ilokano epic Biag ni Lam-ang (life of Lam-ang) written on 1572
• “Father of Ilokano literature”
• Bucanegan (surname), the Ilocano meaning for Balagtasan
• His works:
• Biag ni Lam-ang (book)
• Kaputotan (Ilocano poem) March (1592- c.1603)
Pablo Inis (1661-1698)
• Significant Iluko poet in the 17th century
• Who found solace in the Catholic faith and wrote poems and prayers in honor of the Virgin Mary
Jacinto Kawili
 The only notable ilokano writer and poet In the 18th century
Manuel E. Arguilla (1910-1944)
• Born in La Union
• Probably the best short story writer in the Philippines has ever produced
• Writer of the short story “How my Brother Leon brought Home a Wife”
Leona F. Florentino (1849-1884)
• First internationally famous Filipino poetess in the 19th century
• Poems:
• “Naangawan A Kablaaw” ( A Jolly Birthday Greeting)
• “Nalpay A Namnama” ( Blasted Hope)
• Were among the earliest lyrical and satirical verses in Iluko
The last 2 decades of the 19th century authors

Isabelo de los Reyes
• Leon Florentino’s illustrious son
• “Father of Philippine folklore”, founded in 189 the El Ilocano, the first regional newspaper in the
Philippines which published fiction and poetry
• Wrote Ti Langit Ti Inanamatayo (The Glory of or Hopes) the first short story in Iluko, published in El
Ilocano.
Fr. Rufino Redondo
 Wrote Matilde de Sinapangan, the first novel, Published in 1892
Fr. Justo Claudio Fojas
 Wrote Ti Gloria (Heaven), the first Iluko poem that is of a mystical nature
Some important Iluko novels in the 20th century

• “Biag Ti Maysa A Lacay Oenno Nacaam-ames a Bales”
• (The Life Of An Old Man or A Very Frightening Revenge)
• by Mariano Gaerlan (1909)
• “Uray Narigat NoPaguimbagan”
• (Success Despite Obstacle)
• by Facundo Mandriaga (1911)
• “Mining Oenno Ayat Ti Carana”
• (Mining or Love of the soul)
• by Marcelino Crisologo Pena
During the Commonwealth era
• Leon C. Pichay (1903-1970)
• Published his novel Apay A Pinatayda Ni Naw Simon?
• (Why Did They Slay Don Simon?)
• The first known detective novel in Iluko
The Provinces of Pangasinan has a rich and varied folk Literature

“Aligando”
• The longest local folksong at 563 lines (excluding four quartrains)
• Considered an original Christmas carol, and takes about an hour and a half to perform
Gunglo Dagiti Mannurat nga Ilokano iti Filipina (GUMIL Filipinas)
• A very powerful association of Ilokano Writers
• First organized 19611
• Was incorporated and registered with the Philippine SEC on January 8, 1977
• Has published more than 60 books, excluding those of GUMIL chapters and those writers published their
works on their own
Region 2: Cagayan Valley
Provinces
• Batanes
• Cagayan
• Isabela
• Nueva Ecija
• Quirino
Capital
• Basco
• Tuguegarao City
• Iligan
• Bayombong
• Cabarroguis
Background
• Is a structural depression between the Central Cordillera in the west, the sierra madre mountains in the
east, and the south, the Carabailo Mountain.
• The Cagayan River is the longest river in the Philippines
• The Cagayan River picks up tributaries—Chico and Magat river
• Consist of five provinces
Demography
• Has a total population of 895,050
• Has twenty-nine municipalities divided into three congressional districts
• The dry season begins from March to June and the rainy season from July to November
• Relatively cold during months of November to February
• Usually struck by typhoon because it’s near the typhoon belt
Language
• Ibanag, Itawes and Ilocano and Malueg are the major dialect of Cagayan
• Migration made Ilocano the dominant language
• A person in places where literacy is high speaks and understand English or Filipino
Economic activities
• Agriculture remains dominant economic activity
• 75% are farmers and 25% are professionals
• Land production area is 6,541.19 square kilometres
• Staple food is corn.
• Rice, peanuts, legumes and other short term crops are produced for additional income
• Others do carpentry, furniture, woodcraft, and basketry making
• Fishing, poultry raising and livestock products
History
• The most important event in the history of Cagayan Valley took place in 1567 when Spanish conquisitador
don Juana de Salcedo traced the northern coast and landed at the mouth of the Pampolana River. Before
he visit, early cagayanos reveled in a civilization of their own
• Archaeology indicates that the Cagayan valley has been inhabited for half a million years, though no
human remains of any such antiquity have yet appeared. The earliest inhabitants are the Agta, or Atta,
food-gatherers who roam the forests without fixed abodes. For centuries before the coming of the Spanish,
the inhabitants traded with Indians, Malays, Chinese, and Japanese. In the 19th century the prosperity
found in tobacco cultivation caused many Ilokano to settle here. Tobacco is still a major factor in the
economy of Cagayan, though a special economic zone and free port has been created to strengthen and
diversify the provincial economy
Material culture
• People in the valley dressed simply
• Old women used Saya and Kimono while men used Camisa de chino or barong Tagalog
• Somehouses that withstood the Japanese occupation were historical houses made of hardwood, some were
bahay kubo, most were strong and typhoon -resistant
• Only few use modern agricultural implements, man still use traditional implements like animal drawn
tools
Non-material culture
• Filipinos are characterized by its close family ties
• The value of bayanihan, sharing, cooperation, brotherhood, self-responsibility, respect, love, peace, and
dignity are still very much alive in Cagayan
• Old songs and proverbs are still sung alongside the instrument kuribaw, tulali and the kuritang produced
by Ibanags
• Produce warlike or sad music
• Exhibits the beauty of unoni, the berso and the pabattang
Cagayan author/writer
Edith L. Tiempo
 National artist for Literature
 Born on April 22, 1991 in Bayombong, Nueva Viscaya
 Poet, fictionist, teacher and literary critic
 One of the finest Filipina writer in English whose works are characterized by a remarkable fusion of style
and substance, of craftsmanship and insight
 Author of the short story “The Black Monkey”

REPORT 21st Century GROUP 1

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REPORT 21st Century GROUP 1

Uploaded by

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Region 1: Ilocos Region

Iluko Writers and authors

The last 2 decades of the 19th century authors

Some important Iluko novels in the 20th century

The Provinces of Pangasinan has a rich and varied folk Literature

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