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    Modern Atomic Theory

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    Samantha Chim Park
    Bohr developed the planetary model of the atom in 1913, proposing electrons orbit the nucleus in concentric circles. Schrödinger took this a step further in 1926 with the quantum mechanical model, using equations to describe electron location as a probability cloud rather than defined paths. Chadwick discovered the neutron in 1932, completing the model of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by electrons, with neutrons also in the nucleus. The atomic theory has since expanded with additional particle discoveries and the concept of quarks and strings as subatomic components.

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    Modern Atomic Theory

    Uploaded by

    Samantha Chim Park
    51 views2 pages
    Bohr developed the planetary model of the atom in 1913, proposing electrons orbit the nucleus in concentric circles. Schrödinger took this a step further in 1926 with the quantum mechanical model, using equations to describe electron location as a probability cloud rather than defined paths. Chadwick discovered the neutron in 1932, completing the model of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by electrons, with neutrons also in the nucleus. The atomic theory has since expanded with additional particle discoveries and the concept of quarks and strings as subatomic components.

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    Bohr developed the planetary model of the atom in 1913, proposing electrons orbit the nucleus in concentric circles. Schrödinger took this a step further in 1926 with the quantum mechanical model, using equations to describe electron location as a probability cloud rather than defined paths. Chadwick discovered the neutron in 1932, completing the model of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by electrons, with neutrons also in the nucleus. The atomic theory has since expanded with additional particle discoveries and the concept of quarks and strings as subatomic components.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    51 views2 pages

    Modern Atomic Theory

    Uploaded by

    Samantha Chim Park
    Bohr developed the planetary model of the atom in 1913, proposing electrons orbit the nucleus in concentric circles. Schrödinger took this a step further in 1926 with the quantum mechanical model, using equations to describe electron location as a probability cloud rather than defined paths. Chadwick discovered the neutron in 1932, completing the model of a positively charged nucleus surrounded by electrons, with neutrons also in the nucleus. The atomic theory has since expanded with additional particle discoveries and the concept of quarks and strings as subatomic components.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Modern Atomic Theory: Models

    In 1913, Neils Bohr, a student of Rutherford's,


    developed a new model of the atom. He proposed
    that electrons are arranged in concentric circular
    orbits around the nucleus. This model is patterned
    on the solar system and is known as the planetary
    model. The Bohr model can be summarized by the
    following four principles:

    1. Electrons occupy only certain orbits around


    the nucleus. Those orbits are stable and are
    called "stationary" orbits.
    2. Each orbit has an energy associated
    with it. The orbit nearest the nucleus has
    an energy of E1, the next orbit E2, etc.
    Bohr model
    3. Energy is absorbed when an electron
    jumps from a lower orbit to a higher one and energy is emitted when an
    electron falls from a higher orbit to a lower orbit.
    4. The energy and frequency of light emitted or absorbed can be calculated
    by using the difference between the two orbital energies.

    In 1926 Erwin Schrödinger, an Austrian physicist, took the


    Bohr atom model one step further. Schrödinger used
    mathematical equations to describe the likelihood of
    finding an electron in a certain position. This atomic model
    is known as the quantum mechanical model of the atom.
    Unlike the Bohr model, the quantum mechanical model
    does not define the exact path of an electron, but rather,
    predicts the odds of the location of the electron. This
    model can be portrayed as a nucleus surrounded by an
    electron cloud. Where the cloud is most dense, the
    probability of finding the electron is greatest, and
    conversely, the electron is less likely to be in a less dense Quantum mechanical model
    area of the cloud. Thus, this model introduced the concept
    of sub-energy levels.

    Until 1932, the atom was believed to be composed of a positively charged nucleus
    surrounded by negatively charged electrons. In 1932, James Chadwick bombarded
    beryllium atoms with alpha particles. An unknown radiation was produced. Chadwick
    interpreted this radiation as being composed of particles with a neutral electrical charge
    and the approximate mass of a proton. This particle became known as the neutron.
    With the discovery of the neutron, an adequate model of the atom became available to
    chemists.
    Since 1932, through continued experimentation, many additional particles have been
    discovered in the atom. Also, new elements have been created by bombarding existing
    nuclei with various subatomic particles. The atomic theory has been further enhanced
    by the concept that protons and neutrons are made of even smaller units called quarks.
    The quarks themselves are in turn made of vibrating strings of energy. The theory of the
    composition of the atom continues to be an ongoing and exciting adventure.

    Modern Atomic Theory: Models

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