Information Communication Technology

Grade 12 – 2nd Term 2020 (January to April)

Competency Competency Contents Learning Outcomes Duration/ Due Date Completed Info
Level Periods Date
Competency 4: 4.3 Designs Truth tables and logic Identifies situations to apply 06
simple digital expressions for their designs logic circuits in day to day life
Uses logic circuits using (up to three inputs) Designs logic expressions and
gates to design logic gates Digital circuit design truth table for identified
basic digital applications
circuits and Designs digital circuits
devices 4.4 Explores how Building blocks of CPU Identifies the major building 06
combinational o Half adder blocks of CPU
Logic circuits are o Full adder Creates truth table and logical
used in CPU and Storing bits in digital expressions for half adder circuit
sequential circuits circuits Creates truth table and logical
in physical o Feedback loop expressions for full adder circuit
memory o Flip-flops Briefly describes the usage of
Flip-Flops
Competency 5 5.1 Defines the Introduction to computer Defines the computer operating 04
: term computer operating system system
operating system Evolution of OS Briefly describes the evolution
Uses operating (OS) and Main functions of an of OS
systems to investigates its operating system Identifies the main functions
manage the need in computer o Providing interfaces and the abstractions (directories,
functionality of systems o Process management files and data) provided by the
computers o Resource management operating system to the user
o Security and protection Describes how the operating
Classification of system manages the resources of a
operating systems computer
o Single user – single task Classifies the operating systems
o Single user – multi task based on their users and tasks
o Multi user – multi task
o Multi-threading
o Real time
o Time sharing systems
Competency Competency Contents Learning Outcomes Duration/ Due Date Completed Info
Level Periods Date
5.2 Explores how File types Describes files and directories 06
an operating o Need for file types (.exe, Briefly describes the need of
system manages .jpg .txt, etc) disk formatting
directories/folders Directory and file Identifies the need for file types
and files in organization Lists attributes of file and
computers o File hierarchy directories
o File systems – FAT etc Describes the structure of the
File security file systems
o Passwords and access Illustrates the organization of
privileges files and directories
File storage management Briefly describes the methods
o Storage allocation used in file security
Contiguous allocation Briefly describes how an
Linked allocation operating system manages file
Indexed allocation security
Defragmentation Briefly explains
Maintenance of o Contiguous allocation
secondary storage o Linked allocation
o Need and outcome of disk o Indexed allocation
formatting Describes defragmentation and
explains how it occurs
5.3 Explores how Definition of process Explains processes 06
an operating Interrupts and interrupts Lists the operating system tasks
system manages handling when a process is created
processes in Process management Lists the types of processes
computers Process states Lists the process states
Process Transitions Explains process termination
Process control block Distinguishes a process and a
Context switching program
Process schedulers Explains process states using
the seven state process transition
diagrams
 Describes process schedulers
and scheduling policies
Compares long, short and
medium term schedulers
Describes multi programming
and its needs
Describes time sharing systems
Compares multi programming
vs. time sharing systems
Defines context switch
Briefly explains turnaround
time, response time, throughput
time and waiting time
Briefly explains the process
control block and lists its contents

5.4 Memory management Briefly explains the need of 06

Explores how an o Memory Management memory management and
operating system Unit (MMU) Memory Management Unit
manages the o Physical Memory (MMU)
resources o Virtual memory Briefly explains the virtual
Input and output device memory
management Briefly explains paging and
o Device drivers mapping
o Spooling Briefly describes how an OS
manages Input and output devices
Briefly describes device drivers

Briefly describes the need of

device drivers
Briefly describes spooling
Installs appropriate device
drivers when connecting a
peripheral
 Competency Competency Contents Learning Outcomes Duration/ Due Date Completed Info
Level Periods Date
Competency 6: 6.1 Explores Signal Types Graphically represents digital 03
signals and their o Digital and analog signals and their
Explores the data properties o Analog properties
communication Properties Solves problems related to the
and computer o Amplitude relationship between signal
networking o Frequency properties
technologies to o Wave length
share o Phase
information Propagation speed in a
effectively media
6.2 Explores Wires – Guided media Classifies media as guided and 03
signal (Twisted pair, coaxial cable, unguided media
transmission Fiber optics etc.) Describes how latency,
media Free space – Unguided bandwidth, noise, attenuation, and
media distortion affects signal
Properties transmission
o Latency
o Bandwidth
o Noise
o Attenuation
o Distortion
Simple topology: point-
to-point connection
6.3 Investigates Agreeing on signal Graphically represents 04
how digital data elements to represent data encoding of digital data using two
is encoded using (a protocol) voltage levels as well as
signal elements o Two simple elements –
two voltage levels Manchester encoding
(amplitudes) Describes the possibility of
o Other possibilities using the changes in frequency
(briefly) and phase as signal elements
Frequency Explains the need for
Phase synchronization and describes the
 o Changing speed of signal problems that arise when the
elements transmitter and the receiver are
o Need for synchronization not synchronized
Timing/Clocks Compares and contrasts the
Manchester encoding relationship between how fast the
o Handling errors signal elements are changed and
Example: Parity the bit rate in simple two voltage
encoding and Manchester
encoding
Describes how the parity bit
enables detecting a bit error
6.4 Explores the Public Switched Describes a PSTN as an analog 03
use of Public Telephone Network voice carrying line
Switched o Providing a circuit Describes how modems
Telephone between two points that can modulate analog signals so that
Network (PSTN) carry analog voice they can be sent along a PSTN
to connect two Modulation, line
remote devices Demodulation and Modems Draws a schematic diagram
o Encoding data using depicting two computers
analog signal elements connected using modems via a
Connecting two devices PSTN line
using Modems
6.5 All-to-all connections are Demonstrates the 03
Investigates how impractical impracticality of connecting large
the problem of A solution: Bus number of devices in all-to-all
connecting Topology topology
multiple devices o Simple Demonstrates the simplicity of
into a network is o Problem: Controlling a Bus
addressed access to the bus (media) Draws diagrams of different
Other topologies topologies
o Star Describes the use of Hubs and
o Ring Switches to simplify the wiring of
o Mesh a network and compares/contrasts
Simplifying wiring their functionalities
o Hubs
o Switches
Competency Competency Contents Learning Outcomes Duration/ Due Date Completed Info
Level Periods Date
6.6 Local Area Network Describes the need to uniquely 04
Explores the (LAN) name devices (addresses) so that the
role of Media Identifying devices sender and the receiver can be
Access Control o Addresses – MAC identified
(MAC) protocol addresses Explains the role of frames as the
Frames unit of transmission
Orderly access to the media Describes the need of a protocol
o Very simple protocol as an to ensure orderly access to media
example – ALOHA with respect to a bus
o Improvements from Briefly describes the evolution of
ALOHA to Ethernet MAC protocols from ALOHA to
Broadcasting and Uni - Ethernet
casting messages
6.7 A device to connect two or Explains the role of a gateway 05
Explores how more networks – gateway device in inter connecting two
the multiple Need for globally unique LANs
networks are uniform addressing Explain the need for a uniform,
interconnected independent of MAC MAC protocol independent
to form the addresses and LAN addressing scheme and how IP
Internet technology addresses play that role
o IPv4 addresses Describes the role of subnet
o Assigning IPs to networks masks
Sub-netting , Subnet masks Calculates subnet masks and IP
CIDR notation address ranges for a given block of
Private IP addresses IP addresses and network sizes
DHCP Describes how DHCP is used to
o Scarcity of IPv4 addresses dynamically assign IP addresses
and IPv6 as a solution(an Describes the role of routers in
overview) finding a suitable path from the
Finding the path to the sender to the receiver
destination Explains packet switching and
o Routing and routers best effort delivery in IP networks
o Packet switching
Competency Competency Contents Learning Outcomes Duration/ Due Date Completed Info
Level Periods Date
6.8 Delivering data from an Explains that it is not sufficient 03
Explores the role application process to to deliver a message from one IP
of transport another application process address to another by
protocols in the o Multiple applications at a demonstrating that the
Internet host identified by an IP communication is from process to
Multiplexing – multiple a process
end points at the same IP Explains the need for
o Ports and port numbers multiplexing messages and how
o UDP port numbers identify the end
Properties points
Applications Briefly describes the
o TCP functionality of UDP and lists
Properties applications that use it
Applications Briefly describes the
functionality of TCP and lists
applications that use it
6.9 Domain Name System Describes the need for human 04
Explores some (DNS) friendly names instead of IP
applications on o IP addresses are hard to addresses
the Internet remember Explains the role of DNS in
o Human friendly names translating names to IP addresses
o Hierarchical name space Graphically represent the
o Each domain is hierarchical and distributed
responsible for managing structure of the DNS
the names under it Describes a simple GET
o Top level domains request and its response in HTTP
HTTP Describes the client server
Client Server model model using DNS and HTTP
Competency Competency Contents Learning Outcomes Duration Due Date Completed Info
Level / Periods Date
6.10 TCP/IP model Describes the functions of layers of 03
Investigates the o Application o Transport TCP/IP and OSI models
role of reference o Internet o Host to network Describes the data units in different
models to OSI model layers (packet, frame and bit)
describe the o Application o Presentation Describes the data flow in a
network o Session o Transport network using TCP/IP and OSI
architecture o Network o Data link models
o Physical
6.11 Investigates Encryption and digital Identifies the need for 04
the security signature – basic idea confidentiality and authentication of
aspects of the o Public Key o Private Key messages and notes that the Internet
communication o Signing does not provide
and protection of Threats Briefly explains the use of the
devices o Viruses o Trojans public and
connected to the o Malware o Phishing
Internet Protection private keys to encrypt and sign
o Firewalls messages
o Antivirus software Describes different threats faced by
o Education/ better networked systems and protection
awareness/ good practices against them
6.12 ISPs Connecting to ISP Describes the role of an ISP 04
Explores the role o Modems Explains the use of modems and
of ISPs and o DSL/ADSL dialup lines to connect a home
technologies A home LAN that uses machine to an ISPs network
used for private IPs Explains the advantages of
connecting o Network Address DSL/ADSL lines
Home Networks Translation /Proxies Explains the roles of NATs and
to the Internet Proxies in a LAN that uses private IPs

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