Implementing UFMC as a Candidate

Modulation Scheme for 5G Network in

MATLAB Program

Mazen Al-Ashabi Haron Al-Kahtani

Ammar Ajlan Mousa Abo-Taleb
Nabeel Moeed

Supervisor:
Dr. Jamil Sultan
Outline
 Introduction  OFDM Basics [comprise (FDM
Technique, Applications and
 Problem Statement Advantages)]
 Project's Objectives  OFDM Drawbacks [comprise
 4G and 5G Requirements (Why we need UFMC Technique)]
 Multi-Carrier and Single-Carrier  UFMC Basics [comprise
Systems (Applications and Advantages)]
 Simple Compare Between OFDM
 Inter-Symbol Interference (ISI) and UFMC Techniques
and Inter-Carrier Interference
(ICI) Problems  Results Analysis and Discussions
 Recommendations
 Orthogonality Concept
1
Introduction
 Problem Statement  Project's Objectives
To meet higher data rates and improve  To evaluate how UFMC fulfills the
access flexibility as the main given 5G requirements.
requirement for future radio  To investigate how UFMC and
communication system 5G. ODFM techniques can be
Using UFMC as a candidate waveform implemented by using MATLAB
for 5G aims to overcome OFDM software.
shortcomings like high Out-of Band  To investigate the properties of
(OOB) radiation and high sensitivity to UFMC waveforms.
timing and frequency offsets.
 To know the PSD and BER of OFDM
Moreover, UFMC reduce the drawbacks and UFMC.
of FBMC such as the longer time delay  To know the PAPR of OFDM and
of FBMC filters to filtrate the sub- UFMC.
carriers
2
4G and 5G Requirements
Latency Latency
20 ms 1 ms

MBB
eMBB
Always on Data Rate
Data Rate IoT
Multiple 10 Gbps
1Gbps M2M

4G 5G
Devices

Mobility Mobility
Massive
350 Km/h MIMO 500 Km/h
MIMO
100 Mbps < 1 Gbps

3
Single-Carrier and Multi-Carrier Systems
 Single-Carrier Systems  Multi-Carrier Systems
• Serial Transmission • Parallel Transmission
• EX: CDMA, QAM • EX: OFDM, UFMC

Spectrum Spectrum

f f

Single carrier
Carriers

4
Inter-Carrier Interference(ICI) and Inter-
Symbol Interference (ISI) Problems
 Inter-Carrier Interference  Inter-Symbol Interference

Symbol 1 Symbol 2

ICI ISI

Symbol 1 Symbol 2

Guard- band Guard- band

5
Orthogonality Concept
𝟐𝝅 𝟏 ∆f
 ∆𝑾 = or ∆𝒇 = Peak
𝑵 𝑻𝒔

Where
∆𝑾 or ∆𝒇 is the Carrier Spacing
N is the no. of FFT points
Ts is the Symbol Interval
𝒃
 ‫𝒇 𝒂׬‬ 𝒕 × 𝒈 𝒕 𝒅𝒕 = 𝟎 null

6
OFDM Basics
 FDM Technique  OFDM vs FDM Techniques

Guard- band
Saving of
Bandwidth

7
OFDM Basics
 OFDM Transmitter and Receiver Structure

CP
QAM IFFT
1100100101 P/S
S/P
.. N-Points
..
Modulation Channel

CP

1100100101 QAM FFT

P/S .. Equalizer .. N-Points .. S/P

Demodulation
8
OFDM Basics
 Cyclic Prefix (CP) in OFDM
• Copy of last part of OFDM symbol
• To eliminate ISI OFDM OFDM
Symbol 2 Symbol 1
• Restore the Orthogonality
• CP > Delay Spread CP CP
• Wasting to the Spectrum

Identical Copy

9
OFDM Basics
 OFDM Applications  OFDM Advantages
• In Wire Scenarios • Resistant to ISI
ADSL and HDSL • Permits High Data Rate
PLC • Flexibility (Due to Implement the
IFFT / FFT)
• In Wireless Scenarios
IEEE 802.11 a/g/n/ac
LTE
DVB and DAB
WiMAX / IEEE 802.16

10
OFDM Basics
 OFDM Drawbacks
• High Sensitive to Frequency Offset
• High PAPR
• OOB Radiation

11
UFMC Basics
 UFMC Concept
• To overcome OFDM Drawbacks
• To Fulfill the 5G Requirements
• Multi-Carrier Waveform Technique
• Using Sub-Band Filter (Chebyshev Filter)
• Using Equalizer

12
UFMC Basics
 UFMC Transmitter and Receiver Structure

Band
QAM IFFT
1100100101 P/S Filter
S/P
.. N-Points
.. Length L

Modulation Channel

FFT
1100100101 QAM
P/S .. Equalizer .. 2N- .. S/P
Points

Demodulation
ZP
13
UFMC Basics
 UFMC Advantages
• Enabling Low Latency Modes
• Good Spectral Efficiency
• Suitable for 5G System
• Permits Higher Data Rate Than ODFM
• Reduces OOB Radiation

14
Simple Compare Between OFDM and UFMC
Techniques
 OFDM Technique  UFMC Technique
• Using CP • No Using CP
• No Using Filter • Using Filter
• High OOB Radiation • Low OOB Radiation
• High PAPR • Lower PAPR Than OFDM
• Higher Latency • Lower Latency Than OFDM
• High-Spectral Efficiency • Higher-Spectral Efficiency
• Doesn't Fulfill the 5G • Fulfill the 5G Requirements
Requirements

15
Results Analysis and Discussions
 System Parameters of UFMC Technique
Parameters Parameters Description

Number of FFT points 512

Sub-band Size 20

numSub-bands 10

sub-bandOffset = numFFT/2-sub-bandSize *numSub-bands/2 for

156
band center

filterLen = similar to cyclic prefix length 43

2: 4-QAM, 4: 16-QAM, 6: 64-QAM, 8: 256-QAM bitsPerSub-Carrier = 6

side-lobe attenuation, dB 40

SNR in dB 15

16
Results Analysis and Discussions
 UFMC Simulation Process
• Generation of Signals

17
OFDM Basics
 UFMC Simulation Process
• QAM Modulation • The Output Signal From IFFT Process

18
Results Analysis and Discussions
 UFMC Simulation Process
• Sub-Band Filter Output • Zero Padding

N + L – 1 = 512 + 43 -1
= 554 points.
470-point zero-padding

Channel
19
Results Analysis and Discussions
 UFMC Simulation Process
• FFT Output

20
Results Analysis and Discussions
 UFMC Simulation Process
• Select Data Sub-Carriers (After Remove • UFMC Symbols before the
Zero Padding and Down-sampling By 2) equalization process

21
Results Analysis and Discussions
 UFMC Simulation Process
• Equalization

22
Results Analysis and Discussions
 UFMC Simulation Process
• Equalization

23
Results Analysis and Discussions
 UFMC Simulation Process
• QAM Demodulation

24
Results Analysis and Discussions
 UFMC Results
• Power Spectral Density (PSD)

25
Results Analysis and Discussions
 UFMC Results
• Out-of-Band (OOB)
UFMC has around 23 dB better
performance on the OOB
OOB = 340 - 317

340 dB
317 dB
Average power of all UFMC symbols Average power of all OFDM symbols

26
Results Analysis and Discussions
 UFMC Results
• Bit Error Rate (BER) versus Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)
Number of FFT points = 512
Modulation Scheme Bits per Symbol SNR (dB) UFMC BER OFDM BER
1 0.035 0.025
5 0.0025 0
QPSK 2
7 0 0
15 0 0
1 0.191 0.288
100 %
4 5 0.096 0.256
16-QAM 99.4 %
7 0.053 0.251
15 0.0015 0.24
93 %
1 0.2625 0.365
5 0.18 92.85 % 0.358
64-QAM 6
7 0.14083 0.351

27 15 0.024167 0.338
Results Analysis and Discussions
 UFMC Results
• Bit Error Rate (BER) versus Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)
Number of FFT points = 1024
Modulation Scheme Bits per Symbol SNR (dB) UFMC BER OFDM BER
1 0.0025 0.0025
5 0 0
QPSK 2
7 0 0
15 0 0
1 0.08625 0.2615
0%
5 0.0225 0.241
16-QAM 4 100 %
7 0.00375 0.2425
15 0 0.24
100 %
1 0.18583 0.3633
5 0.1025 99.9 % 0.35
64-QAM 6
7 0.0725 0.344

28 15 0.00083333 0.338
Results Analysis and Discussions
 UFMC Results
• Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR)
number of FFT points = 512

Modulation UFMC OFDM

QPSK 9.04 dB 8.4377 dB

7.28 %
16-QAM 8.2379 dB 8.8843 dB
4.5 % 13 %
64-QAM 8.6229 dB 9.9269 dB

number of FFT points = 1024

Modulation UFMC OFDM

QPSK 7.7732 dB 8.4377 dB

6.6 %
16-QAM 8.2967 dB 8.8843 dB
14 % 3%
64-QAM 9.6202 dB 9.9269 dB

29
Recommendations
 UFMC technique is more quite suitable for the future generation. UFMC will
be more reliable and efficient for next-generation wireless communication.
 To reduce PAPR of UFMC, applying the PAPR reduction techniques like PTS,
SLM and optimization algorithms like Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO).
 Implementing the UFMC system with Kaiser window can provide slightly
improved PAPR characteristics compared to UFMC with Dolph–Chebyshev
filter.
 Using simulation programs like MATLAB and SYSTEMvue software will help
and contribute to enhancing the practical performance of the waveforms for
next-generation wireless communication
 Search more about 5G waveforms especially about UFMC waveform and
whatever comes next.
30
Thank You