D’Leon Inc.

, Part I
Financial Statements and Taxes
Donna Jamison, a 2000 graduate of the University of Florida with 4 years of banking experience,
was recently brought in as assistant to the chairman of the board of D’Leon Inc., a small food
producer that operates in north Florida and whose specialty is high-quality pecan and other nut
products sold in the snack-foods market. D’Leon’s president, Al Watkins, decided in 2004 to
undertake a major expansion and to “go national” in competition with Frito-Lay, Eagle, and other
major snack-food companies. Watkins felt that D’Leon’s products were of a higher quality than the
competition’s; that this quality differential would enable it to charge a premium price; and that the
end result would be greatly increased sales, profits, and stock price.
The company doubled its plant capacity, opened new sales offices outside its home territory,
and launched an expensive advertising campaign. D’Leon’s results were not satisfactory, to put it
mildly. Its board of directors, which consisted of its president and vice-president plus its major
stockholders (who were all local business people), was most upset when directors learned how the
expansion was going. Suppliers were being paid late and were unhappy, and the bank was
complaining about the deteriorating situation and threatening to cut off credit. As a result, Watkins
was informed that changes would have to be made, and quickly, or he would be fired. Also, at the
board’s insistence Donna Jamison was brought in and given the job of assistant to Fred Campo, a
retired banker who was D’Leon’s chairman and largest stockholder. Campo agreed to give up a few
of his golfing days and to help nurse the company back to health, with Jamison’s help.
Jamison began by gathering the financial statements and other data given in Tables IC 3-1, IC
3-2, IC 3-3, and IC 3-4. Assume that you are Jamison’s assistant, and you must help her answer the
following questions for Campo. (Note: We will continue with this case in next Lecture, and you will
feel more comfortable with the analysis there, but answering these questions will help prepare you
for next Lecture. Provide clear explanations, not just yes or no answers!)
 Table IC 3-1. Balance Sheets

2005 2004
Assets
Cash $ 7,282 $ 57,600
Accounts receivable 632,160 351,200
Inventories __ 1,287,360 715,200
Total current assets $ 1,926,802 $ 1,124,000
Gross fixed assets 1,202,950 491,000
Less accumulated depreciation 263,160 146,200
Net fixed assets $ 939,790 $ 344,800
Total assets $ 2,866,592 $ 1,468,800

Liabilities and Equity

Accounts payable $ 524,160 $ 145,600
Notes payable 636,808 200,000
Accruals 489,600 136,000
Total current liabilities $ 1,650,568 $ 481,600
Long-term debt 723,432 323,432
Common stock (100,000 shares) 460,000 460,000
Retained earnings 32,592 203,768
Total equity $ 492,592 $ 663,768
Total liabilities and equity $ 2,866,592 $ 1,468,800
 Table IC 3-2. Income Statements

2005 2004
Sales $ 6,034,000 $ 3,432,000
Cost of goods sold 5,528,000 2,864,000
Other expenses 519,988 358,672
Total operating costs excluding
depreciation and amortization $ 6,047,988 $ 3,222,672
EBITDA ($ 13,988) $ 209,328
Depreciation and amortization 116,960 18,900
EBIT ($ 130,948) $ 190,428
Interest expense 136,012 43,828
EBT ($ 266,960) $ 146,600
Taxes (40%) (106,784)a 58,640
Net income ($ 160,176) $ 87,960

EPS ($ 1.602) $ 0.880

DPS $ 0.110 $ 0.220
Book value per share $ 4.926 $ 6.638
Stock price $ 2.25 $ 8.50
Shares outstanding 100,000 100,000
Tax rate 40.00% 40.00%
Lease payments 40,000 40,000
Sinking fund payments 0 0

Note:
a
The firm had sufficient taxable income in 2003 and 2004 to obtain its full tax refund in 2005.

Table IC 3-3. Statement of Retained Earnings, 2005

Balance of retained earnings, 12/31/04 $ 203,768

Add: Net income, 2005 (160,176)
Less: Dividends paid (11,000)
Balance of retained earnings, 12/31/05 $ 32,592
 Table IC 3-4. Statement of Cash Flows, 2005

Operating Activities
Net income ($ 160,176)
Additions (Sources of Cash)
Depreciation and amortization 116,960
Increase in accounts payable 378,560
Increase in accruals 353,600
Subtractions (Uses of Cash)
Increase in accounts receivable (280,960)
Increase in inventories (572,160)
Net cash provided by operating activities ($ 164,176)

Long-Term Investing Activities

Cash used to acquire fixed assets ($ 711,950)
Financing Activities
Increase in notes payable $ 436,808
Increase in long-term debt 400,000
Payment of cash dividends (11,000)
Net cash provided by financing activities $ 825,808
Sum: net decrease in cash ($ 50,318)
Plus: cash at beginning of year 57,600
Cash at end of year $ 7,282
 Questions

A. What effect did the expansion have on sales, NOPAT, net operating working capital
(NOWC), total operating capital, and net income?

B. What effect did the company’s expansion have on its net cash flow, operating cash flow,
and free cash flow?

C. Looking at D’Leon’s stock price today, would you conclude that the expansion increased
or decreased MVA?

D. D’Leon purchases materials on 30-day terms, meaning that it is supposed to pay for
purchases within 30 days of receipt. Judging from its 2005 balance sheet, do you think
D’Leon pays suppliers on time? Explain. If not, what problems might this lead to?

E. D’Leon spends money for labor, materials, and fixed assets (depreciation) to make
products, and still more money to sell those products. Then, it makes sales that result in
receivables, which eventually result in cash inflows. Does it appear that D’Leon’s sales
price exceeds its costs per unit sold? How does this affect the cash balance?
F. Suppose D’Leon’s sales manager told the sales staff to start offering 60-day credit terms
rather than the 30-day terms now being offered. D’Leon’s competitors react by offering
similar terms, so sales remain constant. What effect would this have on the cash account?
How would the cash account be affected if sales doubled as a result of the credit policy
change?
G. Can you imagine a situation in which the sales price exceeds the cost of producing and
selling a unit of output, yet a dramatic increase in sales volume causes the cash balance to
decline?
H. Did D’Leon finance its expansion program with internally generated funds (additions to
retained earnings plus depreciation) or with external capital? How does the choice of
financing affect the company’s financial strength?