Design Report Gabion Wall - Substation

Patel Engineering Limited.
Gabion Wall Design

Support Wall-1
Gabion analysis
Input data
Project
Task : Gabion Wall Design
Part : Support Wall-1
Descript. : 82MW Lower Solu Hydropower Project - Tingla - Substation
Date : 20-Oct-19
Settings
India - Standard
Wall analysis
Safety factors
Permanent design situation
Safety factor for overturning : SFo = 1.50 [–]
Safety factor for sliding resistance : SFs = 1.50 [–]
Safety factor for bearing capacity : SFb = 1.50 [–]
Safety factor for mesh strength : SFn = 1.50 [–]
Reduction coefficients
Reduction coeff. of friction between blocks : f = 1.50 [–]
Material of blocks - filling
  c
No. Name
[kN/m3] [°] [kPa]
1 Gabion 22.00 35.00 0.00
Material of blocks - mesh
Strength Spacing of Bear.cap.
No. Name overh. vert. meshes of front joint
Rt [kN/m] b [m] Rs [kN/m]
1 Gabion 330.00 0.10 330.00
Geometry of structure
Width Height Offset
No. Material
b [m] h [m] a [m]
7 1.00 1.00 0.40 Gabion
6 1.50 1.00 0.40 Gabion
5 2.00 1.00 0.40 Gabion
4 2.50 1.00 0.40 Gabion
3 3.00 1.00 0.40 Gabion
2 3.50 1.00 0.40 Gabion
1 5.00 1.00 - Gabion
Gabion slope = 0.00 °
Overall height = 7.00 m
Overall wall volume = 18.50 m3/m
Soil parameters
Existing Soil on Site
Unit weight :  = 15.40 kN/m 3
Stress-state : effective
Angle of internal friction : ef = 24.00 °
Cohesion of soil : cef = 96.00 kPa
Angle of friction struc.-soil :  = 24.00 °
1
[GeoStructural Analysis - Gabion Wall | version 5.16.14.0 | Copyright © 2013 Fine spol. s r.o. All Rights Reserved | www.finesoftware.eu]
Patel Engineering Limited. Gabion Wall Design
Support Wall-1
Soil : cohesionless
Saturated unit weight : sat = 17.70 kN/m 3
Geological profile and assigned soils

Layer
No. Assigned soil Pattern
[m]
1 4.00 Existing Soil on Site
2 - Existing Soil on Site
Terrain profile
Terrain behind the structure is flat.
Name : Gabion Wall - Support Structure. Stage : 1

Description : Tingla Substation
5
7.00
4
Resistance on front face of the structure

Resistance on front face of the structure: at rest
Soil on front face of the structure - Existing Soil on Site
Soil thickness in front of structure h = 0.80 m
Terrain in front of structure is flat.
2
Support Wall-1
Name : Back Fill Infront of Gabion Stage : 1

5
7.00
4
2
0.80
1
Applied forces acting on the structure

Force Fx Fz M x z
No. Name Action
new modification [kN/m] [kN/m] [kNm/m] [m] [m]
1 YES F-1 permanent 0.00 5.64 0.00 -0.50 0.00
Earthquake
Horizontal seismic coefficient kh = 0.2000
Vertical seismic coefficient kv = 0.1330
Water below the GWT is restricted.
Settings of the stage of construction

Design situation : permanent
Verification No. 1
Forces acting on construction
Name Fhor App.Pt. Fvert App.Pt. Design
[kN/m] z [m] [kN/m] x [m] coefficient
Weight - wall 0.00 -2.64 396.00 2.38 1.000
Earthq.- constr. 80.96 -2.59 -53.84 2.43 1.000
FF resistance -2.92 -0.27 0.00 0.00 1.000
Weight - earth wedge 0.00 -1.57 12.81 4.20 1.000
Earthquake - soil wedge 2.56 -1.57 -1.70 4.20 1.000
3
Support Wall-1

Active pressure 0.00 -7.00 0.00 3.40 1.000
Tensile crack 4.14 -6.39 0.00 3.40 1.000
Earthq.- act.pressure 76.48 -4.61 57.21 3.78 1.000
F-1 0.00 -7.00 5.64 2.90 1.000
Verification of complete wall
Check for overturning stability
Resisting moment Mres = 1093.65 kNm/m
Overturning moment Movr = 592.37 kNm/m
Safety factor = 1.85 > 1.50

Wall for overturning is SATISFACTORY
Check for slip

Resisting horizontal force Hres = 416.51 kN/m
Active horizontal force Hact = 161.31 kN/m
Safety factor = 2.58 > 1.50 This dead load is due to 0.3mX1mX21.89m
Wall for slip is SATISFACTORY Plain Concrete over the Gabion Wall.
(Mentioned as F-1 in above Table)
Forces acting at the centre of footing bottom
Overall moment M = 519.23 kNm/m
Normal force N = 416.53 kN/m
Shear force Q = 161.31 kN/m
Overall check - WALL is SATISFACTORY
Name : Line of action force on gabion wall box. Stage : 1; Analysis : 1

Description : Tingla -Substation
5.64
0.12
7 4.14
0.120.03
6
95.51
0.120.03
5396.00
7.00 0.120.03
4
0.03
3 12.81
97.23
2 3.08
2.92 1
+x
+z
4
Support Wall-1
Bearing capacity of foundation soil

Forces acting at the centre of the footing bottom
Moment Norm. force Shear Force Eccentricity Stress
No.
[kNm/m] [kN/m] [kN/m] [m] [kPa]
1 519.23 416.53 161.31 1.25 173.06
Bearing capacity of foundation soil check
Eccentricity verification
Max. eccentricity of normal force e = 1246.6 mm
Maximum allowable eccentricity ealw = 1617.0 mm
Eccentricity of the normal force is SATISFACTORY
Footing bottom bearing capacity verification

Max. stress at footing bottom  = 173.06 kPa
Bearing capacity of foundation soil Rd = 57.40 kPa
Safety factor = 0.33 < 1.50
Bearing capacity of foundation soil is NOT SATISFACTORY
Overall verification - bearing capacity of found. soil is NOT SATISFACTORY
Dimensioning No. 1
Active pressure behind the structure - partial results
Layer Thickness  d cd  d Ka Comment
No. [m] [°] [°] [kPa] [kN/m3] [°]
1 0.85 0.00 24.00 96.00 15.40 24.00 0.368
2 0.15 33.00 24.00 96.00 15.40 24.00 0.774
3 0.85 0.00 24.00 96.00 15.40 24.00 0.368
4 0.15 33.00 24.00 96.00 15.40 24.00 0.774
5 0.85 0.00 24.00 96.00 15.40 24.00 0.368
6 0.15 33.00 24.00 96.00 15.40 24.00 0.774
7 0.85 0.00 24.00 96.00 15.40 24.00 0.368
8 0.15 33.00 24.00 96.00 15.40 24.00 0.774
9 0.85 0.00 24.00 96.00 15.40 24.00 0.368
10 0.15 33.00 24.00 96.00 15.40 24.00 0.774
11 1.00 0.00 24.00 96.00 15.40 24.00 0.368
Active pressure distribution behind the structure (without surcharge)
Layer Start [m] Z W Pressure Hor. comp. Vert. comp.
No. End [m] [kPa] [kPa] [kPa] [kPa] [kPa]
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1
0.85 13.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
0.85 13.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2
1.00 15.40 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1.00 15.40 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3
1.85 28.43 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
1.85 28.43 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4
2.00 30.80 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2.00 30.80 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
5
2.85 43.83 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2.85 43.83 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
6
3.00 46.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
5
Support Wall-1
Layer Start [m] Z W Pressure Hor. comp. Vert. comp.

No. End [m] [kPa] [kPa] [kPa] [kPa] [kPa]
3.00 46.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
7
3.85 59.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3.85 59.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
8
4.00 61.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4.00 61.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
9
4.85 74.63 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4.85 74.63 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
10
5.00 77.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
5.00 77.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
11
6.00 92.40 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Forces acting on construction
Weight - wall 0.00 -2.35 297.00 2.03 1.000
Earthq.- constr. 59.40 -2.35 -39.50 2.03 1.000
Active pressure 0.00 -6.00 0.00 3.00 1.000
Tensile crack 4.14 -5.39 0.00 3.00 1.000
Earthq.- act.pressure 55.03 -3.99 33.73 3.17 1.000
F-1 0.00 -6.00 5.64 2.50 1.000
Verification of the most stressed construction joint - above the block No. 1
Check for overturning stability
Resisting moment Mres = 644.73 kNm/m
Overturning moment Movr = 382.16 kNm/m

Joint for overturning stability is SATISFACTORY
Check for slip

Resisting horizontal force Hres = 208.23 kN/m
Active horizontal force Hact = 118.69 kN/m

Joint for slip is SATISFACTORY
Forces acting at the centre of footing bottom

Overall moment M = 257.85 kNm/m
Normal force N = 297.38 kN/m
Shear force Q = 118.69 kN/m
Maximum pressure on the bottom block = 168.41 kPa
6
Support Wall-1
Red.Coeff. by offset of top block = 0.43

Average value of pressure on face = 29.01 kPa
Shear force transmitted by friction = 138.82 kN/m
Bearing capacity against transverse pressure:

Joint bear.capacity = 330.00 kN/m
Computed stress-state = 2.64 kN/m

Transverse pressure check is SATISFACTORY
Joint btw. blocks check:

Mesh material bear.capacity = 330.00 kN/m
Computed stress-state = 2.64 kN/m

Joint between blocks is SATISFACTORY
Name : Line of action of forces on Gabion Wall Stage : 1; Dimensioning : 1

5.64
0.40 1.000.12
1.00
4.14
7
0.40 1.50 0.12 0.03
1.00
6 64.55
297.00 0.03
0.40 2.00 0.12 1.00
5
7.00 0.40 2.50 0.12 0.03
1.00
4
71.34
0.40 3.00 0.12 0.03
1.00
3
0.40 3.50 0.03
1.00
2
+x
5.00 1.00
1
+z
Slope stability analysis

Input data
Project
Settings
India - Standard
Stability analysis
Verification methodology : Safety factors (ASD)
Safety factors
Safety factor : SFs = 1.50 [–]
7
Support Wall-1
Interface
Coordinates of interface points [m]
No. Interface location
x z x z x z
0.00 0.00 0.00 -1.00 0.10 -1.00
0.10 -2.00 0.20 -2.00 0.20 -3.00
0.30 -3.00 0.30 -4.00 0.40 -4.00
1
21.00 -4.00
-17.50 -6.20 -3.40 -6.20 -3.40 -6.00

-3.00 -6.00 -3.00 -5.00 -2.60 -5.00
-2.60 -4.00 -2.20 -4.00 -2.20 -3.00
2
-1.80 -3.00 -1.80 -2.00 -1.40 -2.00
-1.40 -1.00 -1.00 -1.00 -1.00 0.00
0.00 0.00 21.00 0.00
0.40 -4.00 0.40 -5.00 0.50 -5.00
0.50 -6.00 1.60 -6.00 1.60 -7.00
21.00 -7.00
3
-17.50 -7.00 -3.40 -7.00 -3.40 -6.20
-3.40 -7.00 1.60 -7.00
Soil parameters - effective stress state

ef cef 
No. Name Pattern
[°] [kPa] [kN/m3]
1 Existing Soil on Site 24.00 96.00 15.40
Soil parameters - uplift

sat s n
No. Name Pattern
[kN/m3] [kN/m3] [–]
1 Existing Soil on Site 17.70
Soil parameters
Existing Soil on Site
Unit weight :  = 15.40 kN/m 3
Stress-state : effective
Angle of internal friction : ef = 24.00 °
Cohesion of soil : cef = 96.00 kPa
Saturated unit weight : sat = 17.70 kN/m 3
8
Support Wall-1
Settings of the stage of construction

Design situation : permanent
Results (Stage of construction 1)
Analysis 1
Circular slip surface
Slip surface parameters
x= -0.75 [m] 1 = -41.87 [°]
Center : Angles :
z= 12.26 [m] 2 = 60.36 [°]
Radius : R= 24.79 [m]
The slip surface after optimization.
Slope stability verification (Bishop)
Sum of active forces : Fa = 1254.14 kN/m
Sum of passive forces : Fp = 5952.03 kN/m
Sliding moment : Ma = 31090.21 kNm/m
Resisting moment : Mp = 147550.71 kNm/m
Factor of safety = 4.75 > 1.50
Slope stability ACCEPTABLE
Name : Result of Slope Stability Analysis -[M1] Stage - analysis : 1 - 1

Description : Result of Slope Stability Analysis -[M1] Muck Disposal Area Headwork
[-0.75; 12.26]
0.00
[20.80; 0.00]
-5.00
[-17.30; -6.20]
-10.00
-12.00
-17.50
-15.00
-10.00
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
21.00
-5.00
9
Support Wall-1
Name : Slip Circle for stability Check Stage - analysis : 1 - 1

10

Design Report Gabion Wall - Substation

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Design Report Gabion Wall - Substation

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What is the gabion wall designed to support?

What is the gabion wall designed to support?

What are the soil parameters used in the analysis?

What are the soil parameters used in the analysis?

Patel Engineering Limited.

Gabion Wall Design

Geological profile and assigned soils

1 4.00 Existing Soil on Site

2 - Existing Soil on Site

Name : Gabion Wall - Support Structure. Stage : 1

Resistance on front face of the structure

Name : Back Fill Infront of Gabion Stage : 1

Applied forces acting on the structure

Settings of the stage of construction

Name Fhor App.Pt. Fvert App.Pt. Design

Safety factor = 1.85 > 1.50

Check for slip

Name : Line of action force on gabion wall box. Stage : 1; Analysis : 1

Bearing capacity of foundation soil

Footing bottom bearing capacity verification

Overall verification - bearing capacity of found. soil is NOT SATISFACTORY

Layer Start [m] Z W Pressure Hor. comp. Vert. comp.

Safety factor = 1.69 > 1.50

Check for slip

Safety factor = 1.75 > 1.50

Forces acting at the centre of footing bottom

Red.Coeff. by offset of top block = 0.43

Bearing capacity against transverse pressure:

Safety factor = 125.11 > 1.50

Joint btw. blocks check:

Safety factor = 125.11 > 1.50

Name : Line of action of forces on Gabion Wall Stage : 1; Dimensioning : 1

Slope stability analysis

-17.50 -6.20 -3.40 -6.20 -3.40 -6.00

-17.50 -7.00 -3.40 -7.00 -3.40 -6.20

-3.40 -7.00 1.60 -7.00

Soil parameters - effective stress state

1 Existing Soil on Site 24.00 96.00 15.40

Soil parameters - uplift

1 Existing Soil on Site 17.70

Settings of the stage of construction

Name : Result of Slope Stability Analysis -[M1] Stage - analysis : 1 - 1

Name : Slip Circle for stability Check Stage - analysis : 1 - 1

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