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    BURNS Lesson

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    rey christopher fernandez
    This document provides information on burns for medical first responders, including: 1. It defines burns and lists the main causes as thermal, chemical, electrical, or radiation. It also classifies burns by depth into superficial/1st degree, partial thickness/2nd degree, and full thickness/3rd degree burns. 2. The "Rule of Nine" is explained as a method to determine burn severity by estimating the percentage of total body surface area affected. Minor, moderate, and critical burns are also defined. 3. Pre-hospital treatment recommendations are provided for thermal, chemical, electrical and inhalation burns, focusing on stopping the burning process, assessing severity, covering burns, treating for shock

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    BURNS Lesson

    Uploaded by

    rey christopher fernandez
    86 views4 pages
    This document provides information on burns for medical first responders, including: 1. It defines burns and lists the main causes as thermal, chemical, electrical, or radiation. It also classifies burns by depth into superficial/1st degree, partial thickness/2nd degree, and full thickness/3rd degree burns. 2. The "Rule of Nine" is explained as a method to determine burn severity by estimating the percentage of total body surface area affected. Minor, moderate, and critical burns are also defined. 3. Pre-hospital treatment recommendations are provided for thermal, chemical, electrical and inhalation burns, focusing on stopping the burning process, assessing severity, covering burns, treating for shock

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    burns degree and first aid and management

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    This document provides information on burns for medical first responders, including: 1. It defines burns and lists the main causes as thermal, chemical, electrical, or radiation. It also classifies burns by depth into superficial/1st degree, partial thickness/2nd degree, and full thickness/3rd degree burns. 2. The "Rule of Nine" is explained as a method to determine burn severity by estimating the percentage of total body surface area affected. Minor, moderate, and critical burns are also defined. 3. Pre-hospital treatment recommendations are provided for thermal, chemical, electrical and inhalation burns, focusing on stopping the burning process, assessing severity, covering burns, treating for shock

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    86 views4 pages

    BURNS Lesson

    Uploaded by

    rey christopher fernandez
    This document provides information on burns for medical first responders, including: 1. It defines burns and lists the main causes as thermal, chemical, electrical, or radiation. It also classifies burns by depth into superficial/1st degree, partial thickness/2nd degree, and full thickness/3rd degree burns. 2. The "Rule of Nine" is explained as a method to determine burn severity by estimating the percentage of total body surface area affected. Minor, moderate, and critical burns are also defined. 3. Pre-hospital treatment recommendations are provided for thermal, chemical, electrical and inhalation burns, focusing on stopping the burning process, assessing severity, covering burns, treating for shock

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    of 4

    Medical First Responder

    Lesson 8 (LP)
    Burns
    OBJECTIVES
    Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to:
    List the types of burns and their pre-hospital treatment.
    To be able to differentiate the degree of burn sustained by a
    patient.
    Definition
    BURNS - Injuries caused by exposure to excessive heat from thermal,
    chemical, electrical or radiation.

    Causes of Burns
    1. Thermal – HOT AND COLD
    2. Chemical - STRONG ACIDS AND ALKALIS
    3. Electrical – HOUSE CURRENT AND LIGHTNING
    4. Radiant – RADIOACTIVE AND ULTRAVIOLET RAYS

    Classification by Depth

    1. SUPERFICIAL (1ST DEGREE) involves only the top layer of the skin.
    There is reddening of the skin and some pain and swelling of the area.

    2. PARTIAL THICKNESS (2ND DEGREE) – The first layer and the second
    layer of the skin are burned. Extremely painful. Swelling, and
    blistering, skin may appear white or red, may be moist and mottled.

    3. FULL THICKNESS (3RD DEGREE) – All the layers of the skin are burnt
    including the fatty layer, muscles, blood vessels, nerves and bones in
    some cases. Skin is usually dry, hard, pale or white but it can be brown
    or scorched.

    The “Rule of Nine “


    Adult Child
    Head & neck 9% 18%
    Upper Extremities Each 9% Each 9%
    Anterior Trunk 18% 18%
    Posterior Trunk 18% 18%
    Genital 1% Included in anterior
    trunk
    Lower Extremities Each 9% Each 14%
    ______________________________________________________________________________
    Medical First Responder

    LBP MFD – NCR Rev April 2012


    LP 8 - 1
    Burn Severity
    1. Minor Burns
     Superficial burns of 50% BSA or less
     Partial thickness of less than 15% BSA
     Full thickness burns of less than 2% BSA excluding face, hands,
    feet, genitalia or respiratory tract
    2. Moderate Burns
     Superficial burns of OVER 50% BSA
     Partial thickness of 15% - 30% BSA
     Full thickness burns of 2% - 10% BSA excluding face, hands,
    feet, genitalia or respiratory tract
    3. Critical Burns
     All burns complicated by injuries of the respiratory tract, other
    soft tissue injuries and injuries to the bones
     Partial or full thickness burns involving the face, hands, feet,
    genitalia or respiratory tract
     Full thickness burns of MORE THAN 10% BSA
     Partial thickness of MORE THAN 30%
     Burns complicated by musculoskeletal injuries
     Circumferential burns
    Additional considerations:
     Source of Burn – ELECTRICAL, CHEMICAL
     Body regions burned - FACE, HAND, FEET, GROIN, GENITALIA,
    BUTTOCKS AND INNER THIGH
     Other complicating factors
    o PATIENT’S AGE o PATIENT’S EXISTING ILLNESS
    Pre-Hospital Treatment for Burns

    1. Stop the burning process.


    …………………………………………………………………………………………
    2. Remove any smouldering clothing and jewelleries
    …………………………………………………………………………………………
    3. Perform initial assessment.
    …………………………………………………………………………………………
    4. Administer O2 per local protocol
    …………………………………………………………………………………………
    5. Determine the severity of burns using rule of nine
    …………………………………………………………………………………………
    6. Cover the burns.
    ………………………………………………………………………………………….
    ______________________________________________________________________________
    Medical First Responder

    LBP MFD – NCR Rev April 2012


    LP 8 - 2
    7. Keep the patient warm and treat for shock
    …………………………………………………………………………………………
    Pre-Hospital Treatment for Chemical Burns
    1. Brush off chemicals before flushing with water
    ………………………………………………………………………………………….
    2. Rinse the area with water for at least 20 minutes or more.
    ………………………………………………………………………………………….
    3. Remove clothing and jewellery on affected area while being washed
    off.
    ………………………………………………………………………………………….
    4. Apply sterile dressing
    ………………………………………………………………………………………….
    5. Treat for shock
    ………………………………………………………………………………………….
    Pre-Hospital Treatment for Chemical Burns to the Eyes
    1. Rinse eyes immediately for AT LEAST 20 MINUTES
    2. Maintain a flow of water on the affected eye from a faucet, bottle or
    other source
    ………………………………………………………………………………………….
    3. Keep the patient’s eye open
    ………………………………………………………………………………………….
    Pre-Hospital Treatment for Electrical Burns
    1. Perform initial assessment
    2. Evaluate the burns
    3. Apply sterile damp dressing
    4. Treat for Shock
    Inhalation Injury
    Signs and Symptoms
     Singed nasal hair  Respiratory distress
     Burns to the face  Hoarseness, cough or difficulty
     Specks of soot in the sputum of speaking
     Sooty or smoky smell on the  Restricted chest movement
    breath  Cyanosis
    Pre-Hospital Treatment for Inhalation Injury
    1. Administer O2 per local protocol
    ………………………………………………………………………………….
    2. Monitor patient’s airway and breathing
    ………………………………………………………………………………….
    3. Be prepared to ventilate
    ………………………………………………………………………………….
    Medical First Responder

    ______________________________________________________________________________
    LBP MFD – NCR Rev April 2012
    LP 8 - 3

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