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Name Into the Ice

Subject and Object Pronouns

A personal pronoun used as the subject of a sentence is called a subject pronoun.
She planned an archaeological dig. He and I heard the details.
A personal pronoun used as a direct object, indirect object, or object of a preposition is called an
object pronoun.
The sea captain took us for a ride. He told him and me stories.
• Subject pronouns are I, you, he, she, it, we, and they.
• Object pronouns are me, you, him, her, it, us, and them.
• Remember to use the correct pronoun form with a compound subject or object pronoun.
• Subject pronouns replace the nouns they represent. Do not use a subject pronoun with the
noun it represents.
No: Carrie she studied oceanography.
Yes: Carrie studied oceanography.

Directions  Circle the pronoun in ( ) that completes each sentence correctly.

1. (I, Me) am fascinated by maritime exploration.

2. (Them, They) believed the sea captain was a good navigator.

3. Robert and (he, him) read about the first people to reach the North Pole.

4. (We, Us) studied relics and artifacts.

5. Bill and (me, I) studied the habitat of the penguin.

6. David and (she, her) have always wanted to visit Alaska.

7. Mr. Douglas taught me and (her, she) about Arctic explorers.

8. The class put the fossils back in the case after students studied (they, them).

9. Teddy Roosevelt supported Admiral Peary and often wrote to (he, him). © Pearson Education, Inc., 6

10. She took (us, we) on a field trip.

11. I helped Sara and (they, them) with the science project.

12. My sister told you and (me, I) stories about her visit to Alaska.

Home Activity  Your child learned about subject and object pronouns. Have your child show you subject
and object pronouns in something he or she has written.

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Name Into the Ice

Greek Word Parts

Spelling Words
hydrant chronic archive synonym antonym
democracy hydrogen aristocrat dehydrated chronicle
hydroplane chronology archaic homonym synchronize
hydraulic archaeology anarchy hydroelectric bureaucracy

Word Meanings  Write a list word that fits each definition.

1. production of electricity by water power 1. _________________
2. an arrangement in order of occurrence 2. _________________
3. an historical account 3. _________________
4. a word that has the same spelling but different meaning 4. _________________
than another word
5. absence of government and law 5. _________________
6. to skim over the water 6. _________________
7. water or moisture taken from 7. _________________
8. lasting a long time 8. _________________
9. a system of government by groups of officials 9. _________________
10. no longer in general use 10. _________________
Words in Context  Write the list word that finishes each statement below.
11. Let’s ___ our watches before we begin. 11. _________________
12. The European ___ lived in a mansion on the hill. 12. _________________
13. I’ve been going through the family ___ to learn about my ancestors. 13. _________________
14. Water is made of molecules of oxygen and ___. 14. _________________
© Pearson Education, Inc., 6

15. We studied ancient Greece in my ___ class. 15. _________________

16. Almost is a ___ for nearly. 16. _________________
17. The United States government is an example of a ___. 17. _________________
18. Near is an ___ for far. 18. _________________
19. My new car’s ___ brakes work very well. 19. _________________
20. The fireman attached the hose to the fire ___. 20. _________________

Home Activity  Your child matched words with statements and definitions. Ask your child to pick a list word
from exercises 11-20 and define it.

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Name Into the Ice

Greek Word Parts

Proofread an Article  Circle six misspelled words in the article below. Spelling Words
Write the words correctly. Find a sentence with an incorrect verb form.
Write it correctly. hydrant
chronic
Archaeology archive
synonym
Archiology is a fascinating area of science. By digging
antonym
down through layers of Earth, researchers can find
democracy
remnants of arkaic civilizations ranging from bits of hydrogen
broken pottery to the tomb of a once mighty aristacrat aristocrat
to entire buried cities. These finds helping scientists dehydrated
establish the chronolugy of human development. Artifacts chronicle
hidden beneath the surface provide a physical chronecle
of the development of humankind. That’s why scientists hydroplane
catalog and arkive the artifacts in museums throughout
chronology
archaic
the world.
homonym
synchronize
1. ________________ 2. _________________ hydraulic
archaeology
3. ________________ 4. _________________ anarchy
5. ________________ 6. _________________ hydroelectric
bureaucracy
7. ______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________ Frequently
Misspelled
Words
Proofread Words  Circle the word that is spelled correctly. Write it on the line.
were
8. hydroplane hidroplane 8. _____________________ they
9. chronology cronology 9. _____________________ © Pearson Education, Inc., 6

10. arcaic archaic 10. _____________________

11. homanym homonym 11. _____________________
12. synchronize syncronize 12. _____________________
13. hidraulic hydraulic 13. _____________________
14. archaeology arceaology 14. _____________________
15. anarchy anarky 15. _____________________

Home Activity  Your child identified misspelled words. Ask your child to think of a word from the list with
five syllables, spell it, and use that word in a sentence.

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Name Into the Ice

Subject and Object Pronouns

Directions  Read the passage. Then read each question. Circle the letter of the correct answer.

The Bakery Tour

(1) We wrote a letter to Mr. Samuels to thank for the bakery tour.
(2) The letter said that he helped us with our project. (3) Marie and enjoyed
meeting his bakers. (4) We especially liked watching them put the rows of breads
into the oven. (5) Marie’s brother Luis asked her and about the bakery.
(6) We told him about our tour. (7) Our friends and would like to visit
the bakery again.

1 Which pronoun best completes sentence 1? 4 Which is the correct pronoun/type of

A he pronoun for sentence 5?
B him A I/subject pronoun
C her B they/subject pronoun
D they C us/subject pronoun
D me/object pronoun

2 Which pair describes the two underlined

words in sentence 2? 5 Which pronoun best completes sentence 7?
A Subject pronoun/object pronoun A us
B Subject pronoun/subject pronoun B we
C Object pronoun/object pronoun C them
D None of the above D him

3 Which is the correct pronoun/type of

pronoun for sentence 3?
A they/object pronoun
© Pearson Education, Inc., 6

B me/object pronoun
C I/subject pronoun
D them/object pronoun

Home Activity  Your child prepared for taking tests on subject and object pronouns. With your child, read a
magazine article. Have your child circle subject pronouns and underline object pronouns on one page in the
article.

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Name Chimpanzees I Love

Pronouns and Antecedents

A pronoun takes the place of a noun or nouns. An antecedent, or referent, is the noun or nouns
to which the pronoun refers. A pronoun and its antecedent must agree in number and gender.
Before you use a pronoun, ask yourself whether the antecedent is singular or plural. If the
antecedent is singular, decide whether it is masculine, feminine, or neuter. Then choose a
pronoun that agrees. In the following sentences, the antecedents are underlined once; the
pronouns are underlined twice.
Jay and I walked to the zoo, and we saw the new exhibit.
Jay called Carla to pick him up from the zoo.

Directions  Circle the pronoun that refers to the underlined antecedent.

1. Infant chimps are cute and cuddly, but eventually (they, it) become more difficult.

2. Faustino’s mother tried to comfort (him, them).

3. (We, They) humans must learn to respect the animal kingdom.

4. The African forest is perfect for chimps because (they, it) is full of life.

5. The chimp was caught in a snare, but (he, you) was able to break free.

6. I convinced Tim that (it, he) should come to the zoo with me.

7. Jane Goodall founded the Gombe Stream Research Center, where (she, they) studied chimps.

8. Chimps sometimes make a tool and use (them, it).

Directions  Write the pronoun that completes each sentence. Underline the antecedent to which the
pronoun refers.

you   they   him   us   it

© Pearson Education, Inc., 6

9. Hunters kill the animals so can sell the meat in the big town.

10. The “bush-meat trade” will be hard to stop because is a big money-making
operation.

11. Dr. John wanted JoJo to walk to .

12. Alexander and I sat next to Fax, and she played with .

Home Activity  Your child learned about pronouns and antecedents. Have your child find examples of
singular or plural antecedents in a favorite book.

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Name Chimpanzees I Love

Prefixes dis-, de-, out-, un-

Spelling Words
discontent decline outward dispatch unwavering
destruction disintegrate outstanding uncommon outburst
outrageous defensive unappetizing disillusioned disarray
unconscious outskirts unfasten disenchanted decompose
Word Meanings  Write a list word that fits each definition.
1. to rot or decay 1. ___________________
2. unconventional, fantastic 2. ___________________
3. free from enchantment 3. ___________________
4. serving to defend or protect 4. ___________________
5. to make loose 5. ___________________
6. food that is not attractive or desirable 6. ___________________
7. edges of a town 7. ___________________
8. free from illusions 8. ___________________
9. having lost consciousness 9. ___________________
10. not in order, untidy 10. ___________________
11. lack of contentment 11. ___________________
12. not common or ordinary 12. ___________________
13. not wavering or hesitant 13. ___________________

Words in Context  Write the list word that finishes each statement below.
14. His speech caused an ___ of cheering from the crowd. 14. ___________________
15. The snowstorm caused a ___ in sales at most stores. 15. ___________________ © Pearson Education, Inc., 6

16. The new windows opened ___ from the house. 16. ___________________
17. I received an award for being an ___ student. 17. ___________________
18. I will ___ my assistant to get the tools we need. 18. ___________________
19. The rain caused the newspaper on the porch to ___. 19. ___________________
20. The hurricane caused terrible ___ in coastal areas. 20. ___________________

Home Activity  Your child matched words with statements and definitions. Ask your child to pick a list word
from Exercises 1-13 and use it in a sentence.

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Name Chimpanzees I Love

Prefixes dis-, de-, out-, un-

Proofread the Story  Read the story below. Circle six misspelled words in Spelling Words
the story. Write them correctly. Find a sentence fragment. Write it correctly.
discontent
decline
Pete’s New Pet outward
For Pete. today a day like no other. His parents had dispatch
decided he was old enough to have a pet. They would go unwavering
to the animal shelter and choose one. destruction
At the shelter Pete was pleased becauze all the disintegrate
attendants were unwaviring in their kindness and outstanding
knowledge. Pete wished he could take all the pets home. uncommon
Then he stopped before a cage with a tiny Chihuahua outburst
pup. When Pete unfastined the latch and took the little outrageous
dog out of its cage, it ran around in an outragous outbirst defensive
of energy and joy. The little pup gently licked Pete’s face. unappetizing
Pete thought this was an outstaning puppy. disillusioned
The veterinarian examined the pup and gave it disarray
vaccinations. Then Pete’s parents took him home, along unconscious
with his new best friend. outskirts
unfasten
1. ________________ 2. _________________ disenchanted
decompose
3. ________________ 4. _________________
5. ________________ 6. _________________ Frequently
Misspelled
7. ______________________________________________________ Words

Proofread Words  Circle the word that is spelled correctly. Write it on the line. because
8. destruction distruction 8. _____________________ everything

9. outskirts outskerts 9. _____________________

© Pearson Education, Inc., 6

10. unappetizing unapetizing 10. _____________________

11. unconscious onconshious 11. _____________________
12. diserray disarray 12. _____________________
13. disiluzioned disillusioned 13. _____________________
14. difensive defensive 14. _____________________
15. uncomon uncommon 15. _____________________

Home Activity  Your child identified misspelled words in a story. Have your child say words from the list and
then spell them aloud.

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Name Chimpanzees I Love

Pronouns and Antecedents

Directions  Read the passage. Then read each question. Circle the letter of the correct answer.

Basketball Gold Medal

(1) In 2008, my family and I were in Beijing to attend the Olympics, so we
went to the men’s basketball championship match. (2) The United States basketball
team players could not win easily, so played very skillfully. (3) The Spanish
basketball squad tried hard to defend its 2006 gold medal. (4) When Spain’s guard
Ricky Rubio had six points and six rebounds, he became the youngest player to win
an Olympic medal. (5) A Spanish woman watching the game said they could not be
prouder of her team. (6) As the U.S. team won 118–107, the captain said that he and
every player played 100 percent, and they knew it would be a historic match.

1 In sentence 1, which is the antecedent for 4 What change, if any, should be made in
the pronoun we? sentence 5?
A Olympics A Change they to she
B my family B Change said to say
C my family and I C Change they to he
D Beijing D Make no change

2 Which pronoun best completes sentence 2? 5 In sentence 6, what is the antecedent for the
A them pronoun they?
B they A historic match
C we B he
D you C player
D he and every player

3 In sentence 4, what is the relationship © Pearson Education, Inc., 6

between the underlined words?

A Pronoun-antecedent
B Antecedent-pronoun
C Pronoun-pronoun
D Antecedent-antecedent

Home Activity  Your child prepared for taking tests on pronouns and antecedents. Write a person’s name, a
noun, and a compound noun such as Mom and Sam on paper. Have your child write one sentence using the
correct pronoun to refer to each antecedent you wrote.

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 Name Black Frontiers

Possessive Pronouns
Pronouns that show ownership are called possessive pronouns. A possessive pronoun and its
antecedent must agree in number and gender. Before you use a possessive pronoun, ask yourself
whether the antecedent is singular or plural. If the antecedent is singular, decide whether it is
masculine, feminine, or neutral. Then choose a pronoun that agrees.
Possessive Pronouns
My/mine, your/yours, his, her/hers, its, our/ours, their/theirs
• My, your, her, our, and their are always used with nouns.
I did my report on the Exodusters.
• Mine, yours, hers, ours, and theirs stand alone.
Which science project is yours?
• His and its can be used with nouns or can stand alone.
His report discussed life on the frontier.
The report on frontier life was his.
• Never use an apostrophe with a possessive pronoun.

Directions Underline the possessive pronoun in each sentence.

1. My history book tells the story of the Buffalo Soldiers.

2. Some black settlers moved to Nebraska and started their new lives.

3. Our country has a rich cultural heritage.

4. Does your family come from Louisiana?

5. Former slaves knew that, as sharecroppers, freedom would never be theirs.

6. As an American, the right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness is mine.

7. The pioneer woman gathered buffalo chips for her cooking fire.
Directions Circle the pronoun in ( ) that completes each sentence. © Pearson Education, Inc., 6

8. John Lewis Solomon knew (their, his) rights.

9. The dog stayed in (our, its) warm bed on the floor.

10. For early black homesteaders, loneliness was part of (their, theirs) lives.

11. The woman worked to build (hers, her) home with mud walls.

Home Activity Your child learned about possessive pronouns. Make up or read a sentence with a
possessive pronoun. Ask your child to identify the possessive pronoun.

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Name Black Frontiers

Words with ci and ti

Spelling Words
precious commercial especially ancient gracious
position question suggestion friction lotion
potion digestion artificial glacier cautious
efficient sensational vicious official ration

Word Meanings  Write a list word that fits each definition.

1. a drink or mixture of liquids 1. _________________
2. a food allowance for one day 2. _________________
3. the process of digesting food 3. _________________
4. a person who holds an office 4. _________________
5. imitation, unreal 5. _________________
6. dangerously aggressive 6. _________________
7. a large body of ice 7. _________________
8. unexpectedly excellent or great 8. _________________
9. careful 9. _________________
10. without wasting time 10. _________________

Words in Context  Write the list word that finishes each statement below.
11. A diamond is a ___ stone. 11. _________________
12. Use ___ to keep your skin soft and supple. 12. _________________
13. The ___ was sixty seconds long. 13. _________________
14. The ___ from the sandpaper makes the wood smooth. 14. _________________
15. Your performance tonight was ___ great.
© Pearson Education, Inc., 6

15. _________________
16. I have a ___ for making your essay better. 16. _________________
17. He enjoys learning about the history of ___ Greece. 17. _________________
18. May I ask you a ___? 18. _________________
19. The ___ host made his guests feel welcome. 19. _________________
20. My favorite ___ when playing softball is third base. 20. _________________

Home Activity  Your child wrote words with ci and ti. Ask your child to pick a list word from Exercises 11–20
and define it.

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Name Black Frontiers

Words with ci and ti

Proofread the Poem  Circle six spelling errors in the poem. Write the words Spelling
correctly. Find a line in the poem with an unnecessary capital letter. Write the Spelling Words
Words
line correctly. precious
commercial
especially
Grandfather Mountain ancient
Wen I look at Grandfather Mountain I see gracious
bears on the slopes and cautious white-tailed deer, position
eagles and vicous panthers, question
groundhogs and woodchucks, suggestion
a flock of wild turkeys and a red-tailed hawk, friction
blue Jays and squirrels. lotion
The preshius fleeting bloom of spring, potion
the sensashional crimson hues of autumn, digestion
in winter the glashier at the summit— artificial
a lake of ice, rocky and wild. glacier
When I look at Grandfather Mountain I see cautious
that anciant mountain smiling down on me. efficient
sensational
vicious
1. ________________ 2. _________________ official
3. ________________ 4. _________________ ration
5. ________________ 6. _________________
Frequently
7. ______________________________________________________ Misspelled
Words
Proofread Words  Circle the word that is spelled correctly. Write it. especially
8. preshius precious 8. _____________________ when
9. comercial commercial 9. _____________________
10. especially espeshully 10. _____________________ © Pearson Education, Inc., 6

11. ancient anshient 11. _____________________

12. grashious gracious 12. _____________________
13. position posishun 13. _____________________
14. question queschion 14. _____________________
15. suggestion sugeschiun 15. _____________________

Home Activity  Your child identified misspelled words. Say and spell the list words aloud for your child,
making some spelling mistakes. Have your child tell if the word is spelled correctly and point out any errors
you made.

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Name Black Frontiers

Possessive Pronouns
Directions  Read the passage. Then read each question. Circle the letter of the correct answer.

Hurricane Preparation
(1) The weather forecasts said that my town would be in the eye of the hurricane
this evening. (2) Neighbors were preparing by restocking your pantries and filling
our cars with gas. (3) Tension was in the air as we listened to our radios to check
the storm’s progress. (4) “My suggestion is that we have an emergency plan to leave
town,” Mother said. (5) She called father and told him plan. (6) “We
will meet at your house,” she yelled into her phone as the rain battered our shuttered
windows. (7) As we drove away, we wondered if this neighborhood would still be
when we returned.

1 What change, if any, should be made in 4 How many possessive pronouns are in
sentence 1? sentence 6?
A Change my to me A 0
B Change my to them B 1
C Change would be to had been C 2
D Make no change D 3

2 What changes, if any, should be made in 5 Which possessive pronoun best completes
sentence 2? sentence 7?
A Delete were A ours
B Change your to their/change our to B its
their C theirs
C Change Neighbors to Them neighbors D his
D Make no change
© Pearson Education, Inc., 6

3 Which possessive pronouns best complete

sentence 5?
A his, their
B hers, your
C our, her
D their, your

Home Activity  Your child prepared for taking tests on possessive pronouns. With your child, read a short
article in the newspaper. Have your child circle any possessive pronouns he or she finds in the article.

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Name Deep-Sea Danger

Vocabulary
Directions  Choose the word from the box that best matches each definition.
Write the word on the line.

1. a vessel that travels underwater

Check the Words
You Know
2. long flexible extensions on an animal ego
hatch
3. force by which something is moved intrepid
forward propulsion
silt
4. sand or soil carried by water submersible
tentacles
5. an opening or a door

Directions  Choose the word from the box that best completes each sentence.
Write the word on the line.

6. Octopuses use their to catch food.

7. is carried in water and sinks to the bottom of rivers.

8. The crew opened the and went inside the submarine.

9. The crew stayed calm during the storm.

10. The captain’s was so big that he took full credit for discovering
the new species of squid.

Write a Scene from a Play

On a separate sheet of paper, write a short scene from a play about ocean explorers. Use as many
vocabulary words as you can. © Pearson Education, Inc., 6

Home Activity  Your child identified and used vocabulary words from Deep-Sea Danger. With your child,
have a conversation about what it would be like to explore the ocean. Try to use the vocabulary words from
the selection while conversing.

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Name Deep-Sea Danger

Indefinite and Reflexive Pronouns

Indefinite pronouns may not refer to specific words. They do not always have definite
antecedents: Someone needs to press her uniform.
Some common indefinite pronouns are listed below:
Singular Indefinite Pronouns Plural Indefinite Pronouns
someone, somebody, anyone, few, several, both, others, many,
anybody, everyone, everybody, all, some
something, no one, either, each
• Use singular verb forms with singular indefinite pronouns and plural verb forms with plural
indefinite pronouns: Everyone here wants to pilot a submarine. Few do it well.
Reflexive pronouns reflect the action of the verb back upon the subject. Reflexive pronouns
end in -self or -selves: The cadet wanted to see the underwater caverns herself.
Singular Reflexive Pronouns Plural Reflexive Pronouns
himself, herself, myself ourselves, yourselves, themselves
itself, yourself
• There are no such words as hisself, theirself, theirselves, or ourself.

Directions  Underline the correct indefinite pronoun in ( ) to complete each sentence.

1. Does (few, anyone) see the horizon?

2. (Several, Everyone) believe that the planet is habitable.

3. (Many, No one) have volunteered to travel to the lowest depths.

4. If (others, somebody) pilots the submersible, Tom will go along.

Directions  Write the correct reflexive pronoun to complete each sentence.

yourselves   myself   himself   ourselves

© Pearson Education, Inc., 6

5. We may have to defend against unexpected encounters.

6. I will represent our scientific organization.

7. You cannot allow to panic in any situation.

8. Tom blamed for putting the crew in danger.

Home Activity  Your child learned about indefinite and reflexive pronouns. Ask your child to circle three
indefinite pronouns in a newspaper article and identify whether each is singular or plural.

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Name Deep-Sea Danger

Related Words I
Spelling Words
poem poetic direct direction origin
original combine combination repeat repetition
critic criticize history historic academy
academic inspire inspiration depart departure

Missing Words  Write two list words to finish each sentence.

If you don’t know (1)___, you are likely to (2)___ it.
1. ___________________ 2. ___________________
A thoughtful art (3)___ may (4)___ an artist to make changes in his or her work.
3. ___________________ 4. ___________________
An art critic will sometimes (5)___ the (6)___ of colors an artist uses.
5. ___________________ 6. ___________________
The train will (7)___ from its point of (8)___ at exactly noon.
7. ___________________ 8. ___________________
Upon its (9)___, the train will head in a westerly (10)___.
9. ___________________ 10. ___________________
I will (11)___ my chef to (12)___ the ingredients according to my recipe.
11. ___________________ 12. ___________________

Definitions  Write a list word that fits each definition.

13. new or previously unthought of 13. _________________
14. having to do with poetry 14. _________________
15. to do or occur again and again 15. _________________ © Pearson Education, Inc., 6

16. a written composition in verse 16. _________________

17. having to do with history 17. _________________
18. sudden insight or realization 18. _________________
19. having to do with learning 19. _________________
20. a place of learning 20. _________________

Home Activity  Your child used words in statements and matched words with definitions. Ask your child to
pick three list words from Exercises 13–20, spell them, and use them in a sentence.

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Name Deep-Sea Danger

Related Words I
Proofread a Script  Circle six spelling errors in the script. Write the words Spelling Words
correctly. Find a sentence in the script with a punctuation error. Write it poem
correctly. poetic
Time Out direct
(Nico is in his room, working on a school project Eric
direction
origin
enters.)
original
Nico (sighing with frustration): I don’t mean to critisize,
combine
but you’re always tardy, Eric. combination
Eric (taking off his jacket): Yeah, I’m sorry. I just wanted repeat
to finish watching my favorite TV program. repetition
Nico: If you repete this pattern, we’ll never finish this
histery project, or I’ll end up doing most of the work critic
myself. It’s supposed to be a combenation of our work. criticize
Eric (shrugging with resignation): I said I was sorry. It
history
historic
seems like time just flies by.
academy
Nico: I know. But it’s important that you be here on time.
academic
If we miss the deadline, we’ll be the laughingstock of the inspire
acadimy. I’ll let you borrow my watch until this project inspiration
is finished if you promise me you’ll be prompt from now depart
on. Is that a deal? departure
Eric (breaking into a broad grin): Sure. I’ll try to be
more ackadimic. Frequently
Nico: Okay then. Now let’s get to work. Misspelled
Words

1. ________________ 2. _________________ always

myself
3. ________________ 4. _________________
5. ________________ 6. _________________
© Pearson Education, Inc., 6

7. ___________________________________________________________

Proofread Words  Circle the word that is spelled correctly. Write it on the line.
8. origin origen 8. _____________________
9. origenul original 9. _____________________
10. cumbine combine 10. _____________________

Home Activity  Your child identified misspelled words. Ask your child to identify the words that are most
difficult for him or her to spell.

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Name Deep-Sea Danger

Indefinite and Reflexive Pronouns

Directions  Read the passage. Then read each question. Circle the letter of the correct answer.

Vincent Van Gogh

(1) Vincent Van Gogh wanted to bring happiness to many through his paintings.
(2) In his early years, he taught himself to draw and then spent long days painting
with dull colors. (3) In his later years he effectively used color to express himself.
(4) Someone suggested that he go to Paris where his brother Theo knew everyone.
(5) Theo introduced Vincent to the greatest Impressionist painters. (6) These famous
artists had a powerful effect on himself, and Van Gogh began to brighten the
colors of his palette. (7) No one would say that Starry, Starry Night is a dull and
dark painting. (8) His sunflower paintings are cheerful and became the favorites of
everybody who knew his work. (9) Most recognize Vincent Van Gogh’s paintings,
and everyone can name a favorite.

1 What is the indefinite pronoun in 4 What change, if any, should be made to

sentence 1? sentence 6?
A through A Remove the comma after himself
B bring B Change himself to themselves
C paintings C Change himself to him
D many D Make no change

2 Which describes the underlined word in 5 Which sentence has two indefinite
sentence 2? pronouns?
A Singular reflexive pronoun A sentence 7
B Singular indefinite pronoun B sentence 8
C Plural reflexive pronoun C sentence 9
D Plural indefinite pronoun D None of the above
© Pearson Education, Inc., 6

3 Which describes the two underlined words

in sentence 4?
A Both are plural indefinite pronouns.
B Both are singular indefinite pronouns.
C Both are plural reflexive pronouns.
D Both are singular reflexive pronouns.

Home Activity  Your child prepared for taking tests on indefinite and reflexive pronouns. Ask your child to
use the reflexive pronouns myself, yourself, himself, and herself in sentences and explain to whom they refer.

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Name Inventing the Future

Using Who and Whom

The pronoun who is used as a subject.
Who planted the garden? (Who is the subject of the sentence.)
My sister is the only one who likes roses. (Who is the subject of the clause who likes roses.)
The pronoun whom is used as the object of a preposition, such as to, for, and from, and as a
direct object. Very often, whom will be a direct object in questions.
To whom did you send the flowers? (Whom is the object of the preposition to.)
This is a man whom I admire. (Whom is the direct object of the verb admire in the clause
whom I admire.)
Whom did you invite? (Whom is a direct object.)
You can check if whom should be used as a direct object. Change the word order so that the
subject comes first. (Whom did you invite? You did invite whom?)

Directions  Circle the pronoun in ( ) that correctly completes each sentence.

1. These are the inventors (who, whom) you should acknowledge.

2. Mr. Edison, (who, whom) was a fond father, nicknamed his children Dot and Dash.

3. Edison was the inventor (who, whom) wealthy investors supported.

4. The lab assistants were the ones (who, whom) built Edison’s prototypes.

5. Edison worked with the assistants (who, whom) were best suited for the positions.

6. He is one of the people (who, whom) history honors as a brilliant inventor and scientist.

7. Give the data to the woman (who, whom) calls for it.

8. People (who, whom) own CD players can thank Edison for his inventions.

Directions  Write who or whom to complete each sentence correctly.

9. Batchelor and Kruesi were two assistants to Edison entrusted his work.
© Pearson Education, Inc., 6

10. Edison believed negative results were valuable to a scientist wanted to learn.

11. stole Edison’s heart and married him?

12. To shall we award the patent for this clever invention?

Home Activity  Your child learned about using who and whom. Have your child look through a magazine,
point out the pronouns who and whom, and explain why each pronoun is used.

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Name Inventing the Future

Using Who and Whom

Directions  Read the passage. Then read each question. Circle the letter of the correct answer.

Geography Bee
(1) “Who will enter this year’s geography bee?” asked Ms. Graham. (2) “It’s a
contest for kids for maps are a passion. (3) Are you one of those kids who
loves maps?” (4) I knew a lot about the United States, and the family’s atlas was my
favorite book. (5) But who would help me learn about the African states? (6) My
parents, who were born in South America, encouraged me. (7) They suggested that
I find a buddy with whom I could study. (8) They named a friend who had entered
the contest last year. (9) “I’m in,” I said to Hector, “but gets the atlas this
weekend?” (10) I was ready to prepare for the geography bee.

1 What change, if any, should be made in 4 Which describes the underlined word in
sentence 1? sentence 7?
A Change year’s to years A Subject
B Change asked to said B Object of preposition
C Change Who to Whom C Direct object
D Make no change D None of the above

2 Which pronoun best completes sentence 2? 5 Which pronoun best completes sentence 9?
A who A who
B us B they
C whom C whom
D them D them

3 Which describes the underlined word in

© Pearson Education, Inc., 6

sentence 5?
A Subject
B Object of preposition
C Direct object
D None of the above

Home Activity  Your child prepared for taking tests on using who and whom. Have your child write a
paragraph about friends. Ask him or her to use each pronoun who and whom at least once.

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Name The View from Saturday

Vocabulary
Directions  Choose the word from the box that best matches each definition. Write the word on
the line.

����������������������� 1. process of losing strength

or power
Check the Words
You Know
����������������������� 2. alone accustomed
decline
����������������������� 3. usual, customary, used to former
presence
����������������������� 4. condition of being present unaccompanied
in a place

����������������������� 5. earlier, past

Directions  Choose the word from the box that best completes each sentence. Write the word on
the line.

When Stan and Marie retired, Stan’s health was in a state of 6. .

They decided they needed a calmer life, 7. by the noise

and activity of the big city. They also thought that the 8.

of their grandchildren would make them happier. So they moved to a small town

near where their son’s family lived. Although they sometimes missed their

9. home, they quickly grew 10.

to their new life. Stan and Marie felt better than they had for years.

Write a Journal Entry

© Pearson Education, Inc., 6
On a separate sheet of paper write a journal entry about visiting your grandparents or some other older
adults whom you know. Use words from the vocabulary list.

Home Activity  Your child identified and used vocabulary words from the story The View from Saturday.
Read a story or nonfiction article with your child. Have your child point out unfamiliar words. Work together
to figure out the meanings of unfamiliar words by using other words that appear near them.

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Name The View from Saturday

Contractions and Negatives

A contraction is a shortened form of two words. An apostrophe is used to show one or more
letters that have been left out. Some contractions are made by combining pronouns and verbs: I
+ will = I’ll. Other contractions are formed by joining a verb and not or have: do + not = don’t;
should + have = should’ve.
• Won’t and can’t are formed in special ways (can + not = can’t; will + not = won’t).
Negatives are words that mean “no” or “not”: no, not, never, none, nothing. Contractions with
n’t are negatives too. To make a negative statement, always use only one negative word.
No He doesn’t have no money.
Yes He doesn’t have any money. or He has no money.
• Use positive words instead of negative ones in a sentence with not.
Negative Positive Negative Positive
nobody anybody, somebody nothing anything, something
no one anyone, someone nowhere anywhere, somewhere
none any, all, some never ever, always

Directions  Write the letter of the two words used to form each contraction.

    1. couldn’t A I am

    2. would’ve B would have

    3. they’re C could not

    4. I’m D they are

Directions  Write the contraction for each pair of words.

5. she + will =

6. did + not =
© Pearson Education, Inc., 6

7. it + is =

8. will + not =

Directions  Circle the word in ( ) that correctly completes each sentence.

9. No one has (never, ever) seen such a beautiful bride.

10. We couldn’t find (nowhere, anywhere) to put all the gifts.

Home Activity  Your child learned about contractions and negatives. Have your child find three contractions
and three negatives in the newspaper comics and tell what words are used to form each contraction.

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Name The View from Saturday

Suffixes -ate, -ive, -ship

Spelling Words
activate negative friendship objective representative
attractive creative membership partnership compassionate
fortunate considerate secretive scholarship restrictive
affectionate cooperative originate township relationship

Words in Context  Write a list word to finish each statement below.

1. I have a good ___ with my neighbor. 1. ____________________
2. I consider myself ___ to have such a good job. 2. ____________________
3. Our village is in the western part of our ___. 3. ____________________
4. The emergency room nurse was helpful and ___. 4. ____________________
5. Many disagreements ___ from misunderstandings. 5. ____________________
6. He was very ___ about the gifts he had bought. 6. ____________________
7. Maintaining a community garden is a ___ effort. 7. ____________________
8. My brother received a ___ to the best college in the state. 8. ____________________
9. My new puppy is so ___ that she won’t stop licking my face. 9. ____________________
10. That artist’s sculptures are very ___. 10. ____________________

Word Meanings  Write a list word that fits each meaning.

11. to make active 11. ____________________
12. wishing to help those that suffer 12. ____________________
13. the opposite of positive 13. ____________________
14. the state of being a partner 14. ____________________ © Pearson Education, Inc., 6

15. condition of being friends 15. ____________________

16. belonging to a group or organization 16. ____________________
17. a purpose or goal 17. ____________________
18. restricting; limiting 18. ____________________
19. a typical example of a group or class 19. ____________________
20. winning attention; pleasing 20. ____________________

Home Activity  Your child wrote words with suffixes -ate, -ive, and -ship. Ask your child to pick five list
words, spell them, and use them in sentences.

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Name The View from Saturday

Suffixes -ate, -ive, -ship

Proofread a Journal Entry  Circle six spelling errors in the journal entry
below. Write them correctly. Find a sentence in the journal with an incorrect Spelling
Spelling
Words
Words
pronoun. Write it correctly on the line.
activate
negative
Double Trouble friendship
objective
This is Cindy. Me live with my older sisters, Mindy and
representative
Lindy. They’re identical twins. They think alike, have all attractive
the same little habits, and never say anything negetive creative
about each other. They are very seecretive and even have membership
their own language. partnership
They like the same subjects at school. They’re attractive compassionate
and amazingly creative. They’re both fortenate to fortunate
get good grades all the time. They both hope to earn considerate
a scholership and go to the same collidge someday. secretive
There is only one way they are different. Mindy has a scholarship
memburship to a tennis club, while Lindy belongs to a restrictive
swim club. affectionate
cooperative
1. ________________ 2. _________________ originate
township
3. ________________ 4. _________________ relationship
5. ________________ 6. _________________
7. _______________________________________________________ Frequently
Misspelled
Words
Proofread Words  Circle the word that is spelled correctly. Write it on the line.
8. ____________________ until
8. friendship freindship
college
9. objektive objective 9. ____________________
© Pearson Education, Inc., 6

10. representetive representative 10. ____________________

11. attractive atractive 11. ____________________
12. creative creatuve 12. ____________________
13. conciderat considerate 13. ____________________
14. partnership partnirship 14. ____________________
15. compashonate compassionate 15. ____________________

Home Activity  Your child identified misspelled words. Ask your child to select a list word and use it in a
sentence.

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Name The View from Saturday

Contractions and Negatives

Directions  Read the passage. Then read each question. Circle the letter of the correct answer.

The Old Oak Tree

(1) ever looked forward to the day when the old oak tree
be standing. (2) The mayor announced that the 116-year-old tree was dying. (3) He’d
have to remove the tree because nobody wanted it to fall and cause an accident.
(4) The library director said he would not recognize the library without that oak and
he would miss it. (5) Everybody ever walked by that tree without wanting to climb it.
(6) They’d gathered its acorns for their fall crafts projects. (7) Once the tree was
gone, we felt lost a good friend.

1 Which pair of words best completes 4 What change, if any, should be made in
sentence 1? sentence 5?
A No one/wouldn’t A Change Everybody to Nobody
B Everyone/couldn’t B Change Everybody ever to No one
C Everybody/wasn’t never
D Nothing/hadn’t C Change Everybody to Anyone
D Make no change

2 Which word in sentence 3 is a negative?

A remove 5 Which contraction best completes
sentence 7?
B nobody
A they’d
C fall
B he’d
D accident
C we’d
D I’d
3 Which pair of contractions could you make
from the underlined words in sentence 4? © Pearson Education, Inc., 6

A couldn’t/he’ll
B can’t/wouldn’t
C wouldn’t/he’d
D couldn’t/wouldn’t

Home Activity  Your child prepared for taking tests on contractions and negatives. Read aloud three simple
sentences from a magazine article one at a time. Ask your child to make each sentence negative.

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