2019 IEEE 5th International Conference on Mechatronics System and Robots

Smart Village: Solar Based Smart Agriculture with IoT Enabled for Climatic
Change and Fertilization of Soil

Maheswari R Azath H
Associate Professor, SCSE Assistant Professor, Information Technology
Vellore Institute of Technology Haramaya University
Chennai, India Ethiopia, Africa
e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected]

Sharmila.P Sheeba Rani Gnanamalar. S

Assistant Professor, EEE Associate Professor, EEE
Sri Sairam Engineering College Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology,
Chennai, India Coimbatore, India
e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract—In smart villages, access to sustainable energy associations, of all shapes and sizes Companies, Farmers,
services acts as a catalyst for development. Enabling facility of Labor and so forth required crosswise over enterprises to
internet connection for the new possibilities of increasing construct a keen town. It goes about as observing framework
agricultural cultivation with proper information and guidance, based call community for a considerable measure of
access to clean water, sanitation and nutrition, the growth of preparing and mindfulness at the underlying level to make
productive enterprises to boost farmer’s income. The individuals acquainted with the new frameworks.
development of a country depends on the village’s development. Essential means of concentrating on appropriate
Most of the agriculture productivity suffer greatly with methodology must be given to utility administrations, for
unforeseen change in climate. Therefore, farmers need to get
example, controlling climate, soil, agriculture, and fertilizers
appropriate information’s if any sudden climatic disruption
occur, it should notify on time to avoid any major damage in
for the advancement of keen town. So, required to be
agricultural field. As part of the smart village concept, an developed at town level with the goal that they are
intelligent system is designed that may help a farmer to get effortlessly available.
basic facilities/infrastructure by agricultural development.
II. AGRICULTURE AND IOT
Here an intelligent system is proposed on the fact of farmers
getting all relevant details about the improvement in Agriculture is the essential wellspring of work of
fertilization of soil and agriculture by delivering climate individuals in our country. In past decade, it is watched that
change information’s through an IoT (Internet of Things) there isn't much product improvement in agribusiness part.
devices. These information’s could be handled through website Nourishment costs are ceaselessly expanding in light of the
and mobile phones. To ease for farmer understandings all the fact that harvest rate is declined. It has pushed more than 40
facts and information related to soil fertilization and climatic million individuals into destitution since 2010.There are
alerts are delivered as per their native language / language of number of variables which are in charge of this, it might be
their interest. This system may help its members to collaborate because of water squander, low soil richness, compost
and take it to another level of requirement in improving their manhandle, environmental change or infections, and so forth.
production capacity. These IoT devices are operated either
It is extremely fundamental to make successful mediation in
through solar panel or electric supply appropriately to balance
agribusiness and the arrangement is loT in incorporation with
the power requirement across the field.
Wireless sensor systems. It can possibly change the method
Keywords-smart village, solar based smart agriculture, smart for improvement in agribusiness and gives incredible
cities, internet of things. commitment to make it keen farming. The web of things
includes a three-level framework. It incorporates observation
I. INTRODUCTION layer, arrange layer and application layer. Recognition layer
The government is submitted for the advancement and incorporates sensor bits. Data correspondence innovation
development of rustic ranges which have shrouded potential such as Information communication Technology (lCT)
for development, in all states and Union Territories in the empowered gadgets, sensor bits are building pieces of sensor
nation. The bundle of administrations for Smart town ought innovation. It incorporates sensors and sensor arrange used
to be conveyed to its inhabitants and organizations in a to perceive questions and gathering constant data. The
powerful and effective way on a solitary stage. Coordinated system layer is a framework of the loT to acknowledge
effort of associations, for example, Governments, Social widespread administration. It coordinates towards the blend

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of the recognition layer and application layer. The techniques and livestock management is needed [2].
application layer is a layer that joins the loT with the Agricultural Portal will provide access to all the information
innovation of particular industry. The web of things and services.
relatively connected in every aspect of industry, including There will also be some agricultural advisors to assist and
shrewd horticulture, keen stopping, savvy building advise the farmers about the agricultural betterment. Those
ecological checking, medicinal services transportation and advisors will demonstrate and give presentations to farmers
some more [3]. Among them, farming is one of the critical about new ways of farming techniques and suggest them
territories which targets a great many individuals. about feeding and health maintenance of agriculture. Mostly
sensors in the soil will keep the advisors updated about the
III. SMART VILLAGE requirements of agriculture as a result they will instruct the
Overall enthusiasm for Smart Village has magnified, farmers with relevant information and provide them with
cultivated by the need to discover successful solutions for the necessary documents. For more productivity of crop advisors
real difficulties predicted for the following years. As one of have to be updated with the weather report so that measures
the utilization of Smart City, Waste Management in a village can be taken as per climate change [9].
is an impressive test looked by the general population Increase in quality and quantity in agricultural production
organizations. Squander is characterized as any material in using new technology as “sensor” and IoT will make a big
which something significant isn't being utilized or isn't difference in the near future of smart village by technology
usable and speaks to no financial incentive to its proprietor, ‘smart farming’ [17].
the waste generator. Contingent upon the physical condition A. Advantages of Smart Agriculture:
of the waste, they are classified as strong waste and wet
waste. With the expansion of populace, the situation of x Conservation of energy resources
tidiness as for squander administration has moved toward x Yielding good crop
becoming essential. Squander administration incorporates x Preventing from pollution
arranging, accumulation, transport, treatment, reuse and x Saving Water
transfer of waste together with observing and direction. The x Diagnosis of proper nutrient in the soil and time
current squander administration framework, where the junk efficiency
is gathered from the avenues, houses and different
x Automation with low power consumption components
foundations on quotidian premise, can't successfully deal
with the squander produced. Giraud town in Raipur locale, B. Climate- Smart Village
the capital of Chhattisgarh have conveyed refuse containers The area of a Climate-Smart Village is chosen in view of
at each road to gather the trash, connected with its workers its atmosphere hazard profile, substitute arrive utilize choices,
and vehicles to clear the junk. The measure of aggregate and on the eagerness of agriculturists and nearby government
strong waste created by the town is 558 kg/day and fluid to take an interest in the extend [18][19]. Group inclusion is
waste is 108040 lit./day, the trash is gathered day by day and vital to the accomplishment of an Atmosphere Keen Town.
dumped into landfills. On the off chance that a villager Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS)
watches unlawful dumping of any sort of waste, he/she can frames, or works with existing group bunches, comprising of
gripe in regards to this to the concerned office. As agriculturists, scientists, country agro-counseling specialist
disgraceful transfer of waste causes genuine effect on co-ops and town authorities. They are informed on the
wellbeing, causing the spread of sicknesses and issues to the targets of Atmosphere Shrewd Towns and urged to formally
encompassing condition, the total care is taken by the enroll with the legislature (on the off chance that they have
administration for gathering and transfer of waste [4][5]. not as of now) to advantage from endowments on
government plans. The lead accomplice in the town
IV. LITERATURE SURVEY designates a site organizer and aid to give specialized inputs
Agriculture is the backbone of all villages; Information and liaise with CCAFS asset people [20][21][22].
and communication Technology and converting village into
the future smart village. Their needs can be tracked from the V. PROPOSED SYSTEM
Information Centre of the farm [6]. Sensors will help the In this model an intelligent solar based system has been
farmers regarding the type of crop to be sowed in the proposed for continuous checking the waste level of
particular type of soil, based on the type of soil and climate individual junk receptacles what's more, to distinguish the
the prediction of crop yielding will be done, using irrigation level when edge esteem is come to utilizing blend of Sensors
systems watering requirements can be fulfilled, application and Raspberry pi. This information will be sent to the control
of fertilizers will be decided according to the need of nutrient unit and refreshed opportune with the assistance of Wi-Fi
of the soil extra content will be given. Pesticides will be used module, contingent upon which enhanced course must be
as per the crop diseases which can be predicted will the new found for Garbage Collecting Van (GCV), denying the fuel
technology of soil sensors. One agricultural portal will utilization, cost, time and work. The information will be
provide information on Pesticide, Fertilizers and soil health. given whether the waste is isolated totally or not by wet
Information regarding Crops, farm machinery, training & sensor and moistness sensor which will help for reusing,
good agricultural practices and their prices, irrigation transfer and reuse of squander.

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 Utilizing information mining, subjective examination The insight of Solar based IoT enabled intelligent agriculture
will be completed to produce reports. The primary goal of system is shown in figure 2.
this framework to be actualized is to supersede the dreary These devices are driven by appropriate selection of
existing framework which will help village to end up a Smart electricity provided by both solar cells and electric supply.
City. The flow diagram of the proposed intelligent system The proposed system is more adaptable and distributive in
for smart agriculture is shown in Figure 1. nature to screen the ecological parameters. The proposed
system exhibit 4-levels. The level 1 is nature, sensor devices
in level 2, sensor data securing and fundamental authority in
level 3 and insightful condition in level 4 [12].
VI. SENSOR TECHNOLOGIES
A. Temperature Sensor
A temperature sensor is a device, typically, a
thermocouple or RTD (Resistance Temperature Detector),
that provides or temperature measurement through an
electrical signal. A thermocouple (T/C) is made from two
dissimilar metals that generate electrical voltage in direct
proportion to changes in temperature [9].
B. Soil Moisture Sensor
A soil moisture sensor measures the quantity of water
contained in a material, such as soil on a volumetric or
gravimetric basis. To obtain an accurate measurement,
a soil temperature sensor is also required for calibration.
[9][10].
C. Humidity Sensor
Moistness sensors detect, measure the relative stickiness
in the air, it measure dampness and air temperature moistness
i.e the proportion of real dampness in air to the most
noteworthy sum dampness that can be held at air temperature.
Figure 1. Flow diagram of intelligent system Moistness directly impacts the water relations of plant and in
a roundabout way influence leaf development,
photosynthesis combination, fertilization and at last practical
yield. Leaf development relies upon biochemical process and
additionally upon the physical procedure of cell
amplification [11], [5], [8].
VII. INTERVENTION IN SMART FARMING
For agriculturists, data of close term climate occasions go
a long path in arranging atmosphere strong agrarian
generation. Ranchers are connected to climate data and
esteem advisories through radio shows, TV, daily papers
what's more, cell phone voice messages. Ranchers can utilize
index-based protection plans to cover dangers related with
changes in precipitation and temperature at the diverse
phases of trim development [14].
Strong water administration rehearses which go for
upgrading the proficiency and profitability of water, are
basic smart climate intercessions. These could incorporate
aquifer revive, water collecting, group administration of
water, laser arrive leveling, water protection, trickle water
Figure 2. Smart village – smart agriculture
system and on farm water administration rehearses. For
A. Intelligent Agriculture System example, waste vital in spots that are inclined to getting to be
plainly waterlogged, for example, Bihar in India and
The various embedded devices utilized in this proposal Bangladesh.
are different sensors for measuring Temperature, Pressure, Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS)
and CO levels noticeable all around to make the earth clever advances fuel-productive machineries, deposit administration
or natural with the articles through remote correspondence.

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and diminished culturing as intercessions to moderate vitality offering an approach to the cleaner village, better framework
and diminish Green House Gas (GHG) emanations. Now and and expanded cleanliness.
again, biogas frameworks are advanced utilizing excrement
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