Topic 6 (Power Supply) : Name: Amelinda Azalia Savira Class: EK-3A

Topic 6 (Power Supply)
Name : Amelinda Azalia Savira

Class : EK-3A
Good morning everyone, My name is Amelinda Azalia Savira From Electronics
Student. Today I am going to talk about Power Supply.
I. symbol and types

A power supply is an electrical device that supplies electric power to an electrical
load. The primary function of a power supply is to convert electric current from a source to
the correct voltage, current, and frequency to power the load. As a result, power supplies are
sometimes referred to as electric power converters. Some power supplies are separate
standalone pieces of equipment, while others are built into the load appliances that they
power. Examples of the latter include power supplies found in desktop
computers and consumer electronics devices. Other functions that power supplies may
perform include limiting the current drawn by the load to safe levels, shutting off the current
in the event of an electrical fault, power conditioning to prevent electronic noise or voltage
surges on the input from reaching the load, power-factor correction, and storing energy so it
can continue to power the load in the event of a temporary interruption in the source power
(uninterruptible power supply).
II. Materials
DC power supply
A DC power supply is one that supplies a constant DC voltage to its load. Depending
on its design, a DC power supply may be powered from a DC source or from an AC source
such as the power mains.
Switched-mode power supply
In a switched-mode power supply (SMPS), the AC mains input is directly rectified and
then filtered to obtain a DC voltage. The resulting DC voltage is then switched on and off at a
high frequency by electronic switching circuitry, thus producing an AC current that will pass
through a high-frequency transformer or inductor. Switching occurs at a very high frequency
(typically 10 kHz — 1 MHz), thereby enabling the use of transformers and filter capacitors that
are much smaller, lighter, and less expensive than those found in linear power supplies
operating at mains frequency. After the inductor or transformer secondary, the high frequency
AC is rectified and
Linear regulator
The function of a linear voltage regulator is to convert a varying DC voltage to a
constant, often specific, lower DC voltage. In addition, they often provide a current
limiting function to protect the power supply and load from overcurrent (excessive, potentially
destructive current).
AC power supplies and AC adapter
An AC adapter is a power supply built into an AC mains power plug. AC adapters are
also known by various other names such as "plug pack" or "plug-in adapter", or by slang terms
such as "wall wart".
Bipolar power supply
A bipolar power supply operates in all four quadrants of the
voltage/current Cartesian plane, meaning that it will generate positive and negative voltages
and currents as required to maintain regulation.
III. Characteristic
Power supplies can be broadly divided into linear and switching types. Linear power
converters process the input power directly, with all active power conversion components
operating in their linear operating regions. In switching power converters, the input power is
converted to AC or to DC pulses before processing, by components that operate predominantly
in non-linear modes (e.g., transistors that spend most of their time in cutoff or saturation).
Power is "lost" (converted to heat) when components operate in their linear regions and,
consequently, switching converters are usually more efficient than linear converters because
their components spend less time in linear operating regions.
IV. Function
Power supplies are categorized in various ways, including by functional features. For
example, a regulated power supply is one that maintains constant output voltage or current
despite variations in load current or input voltage. Conversely, the output of
an unregulated power supply can change significantly when its input voltage or load current
changes. Adjustable power supplies allow the output voltage or current to be programmed by
mechanical controls (e.g., knobs on the power supply front panel), or by means of a control
input, or both. An adjustable regulated power supply is one that is both adjustable and
regulated. An isolated power supply has a power output that is electrically independent of its
power input; this is in contrast to other power supplies that share a common connection
between power input and output.
V. Aplications
Computers
A modern computer power supply is a switch-mode power supply that converts AC power
from the mains supply, to several DC voltages. Switch-mode supplies replaced linear supplies
due to cost, weight, and size improvement. The diverse collection of output voltages also have
widely varying current draw requirements.
Electric Vehicles
Electric vehicles are those which rely on energy created through electricity generation. A
power supply unit is part of the necessary design to convert high voltage vehicle battery
power.[7]
Aircraft
Both commercial and military avionic systems require either a DC-DC or AC/DC power supply
to convert energy into usable voltage. These may often operate at 400 Hz in the interest of
weight savings.
Automation
This refers to conveyors, assembly lines, bar code readers, cameras, motors, pumps, semi-
fabricated manufacturing and more.
Medical
These include ventilators, infusion pumps, surgical and dental instruments, imaging and beds.

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I. symbol and types

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