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    Week05 Lab05 StringProcessing

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    Yunxuan Wu
    This document provides an introduction and objectives for a laboratory exercise on string manipulation in Python. It covers string indexing, slicing, uppercase/lowercase conversion, Unicode encoding, and an example program to reverse a string. The lab contains multiple parts with examples and exercises to help students practice accessing characters within strings, extracting substrings, using string methods, and applying these concepts to tasks like encoding/decoding messages.

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    Week05 Lab05 StringProcessing

    Uploaded by

    Yunxuan Wu
    34 views4 pages
    This document provides an introduction and objectives for a laboratory exercise on string manipulation in Python. It covers string indexing, slicing, uppercase/lowercase conversion, Unicode encoding, and an example program to reverse a string. The lab contains multiple parts with examples and exercises to help students practice accessing characters within strings, extracting substrings, using string methods, and applying these concepts to tasks like encoding/decoding messages.

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    This document provides an introduction and objectives for a laboratory exercise on string manipulation in Python. It covers string indexing, slicing, uppercase/lowercase conversion, Unicode encoding, and an example program to reverse a string. The lab contains multiple parts with examples and exercises to help students practice accessing characters within strings, extracting substrings, using string methods, and applying these concepts to tasks like encoding/decoding messages.

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    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    34 views4 pages

    Week05 Lab05 StringProcessing

    Uploaded by

    Yunxuan Wu
    This document provides an introduction and objectives for a laboratory exercise on string manipulation in Python. It covers string indexing, slicing, uppercase/lowercase conversion, Unicode encoding, and an example program to reverse a string. The lab contains multiple parts with examples and exercises to help students practice accessing characters within strings, extracting substrings, using string methods, and applying these concepts to tasks like encoding/decoding messages.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 4

    Laboratory 5 Strings

    Introduction to Computer Science


    COMP 112
    Wesleyan University
    Prof. Kelly M. Thayer
    [email protected]

    Introduction
    So far we have considered strings as a whole word. However, they can be treated as separate
    characters, indexed, and processed. We will be examining the various ways strings can be manipulated.
    One may also do some task for each element in a list; for loops are especially useful for this task. In
    this lab we will work examples to gain familiarity with strings and lists, build on use of functions, explore
    mutability, and use for loops to process each item of a loop.

    Learning Objectives.
    Upon completing this lab, students should be able to:

     Make diagrams of strings to show the numbering


     Slice strings
     Use the upper and lower method to standardize input with respect to capitalization
     Combine string manipulation with flow control

    Part I. String Indexing


    For each of the following examples, write a diagram showing the indexing of the string. Then indicate
    what will be returned . Then try it with Python to check.

    Example of indexing of the string ‘hello!’

    1. river = ‘Mississippi’
    a. river [2] _____
    b. river [4] _____
    c. river [9] _____
    2. river = ’Connecticut’
    a. river [2] _____
    b. river [4] _____

    1
    c. river [1] _____
    d. river [3] _____

    3. river = ‘Salmon’
    a. river [-6] _____
    b. river [-2] _____
    c. river [-1] _____

    Part II. String Slicing.


    The slice operator can be used to return a substring. The syntax is

    <string> [<strart_index> : <stop_index>]

    For the following problems, write the indices of the string as above, and apply the slice operator. Try to
    figure it out, and then test it with Python to check your answer.

    1. river = ‘Missouri’
    a. river [3 : 7] ________

    2. river = ‘Rio Grande’


    a. river [4 : 8] _______
    b. river [4 : 9] _______
    c. river [3 : 9] _______

    3. river = ‘Yellowstone’
    a. river [ :6] _____
    b. river [7: ] _____
    c. river [6: ] _____

    Part III. String Methods Upper and Lower


    The methods <string>.upper() and <string>.lower change the case of the input. For the following
    examples, guess the output and test with Python.

    1. comment = ‘Stop annoying me!’


    a. comment.upper() _____________________________
    b. (comment.upper() ) .lower() ____________________________
    2. Word = ‘CaMeLcAsE’
    a. word.upper() ____________
    b. word.lower()_____________

    2
    Part IV. Converting to and From Unicode
    Python has two built in functions ord() and chr() which will translate words into and out of
    the Unicode (numeric) representation of the character. Since they are recorded in order, this can be
    useful for indexing over the letters. Note that ord() takes strings, whereas chr() takes integers.

    1. Get the Unicode equivalent for the following letters using the ord()function.
    a. A g. a
    b. B h. b
    c. C i. c
    d. X j. x
    e. Y k. y
    f. Z l. z
    2. Show that the Unicode representation can be decoded back to its letter representation using
    chr().
    3. What is the range of the capital and lower case letters?

    Part V. String Processing Application: Program Reverse String


    To the right is a program based on the reverse
    function. Take a moment to type in the program and
    run it.

    1. What does len(s) do?


    _____________________________________
    2. What is the role of the variable acc?
    _____________________________________
    3. What does the function reverse take for
    input? _______________________________
    4. What would happen if the line i += 1 were
    deleted?
    _____________________________________
    5. Explain in your own words how this program
    reverses the order of the letters in the user
    supplied word.
    ______________________________________________________________________________
    ______________________________________________________________________________
    6. While the program is executing the function, in which variable is the reversed word stored?
    When the function execution completes, to what variable is this information passed and how?
    ______________________________________________________________________________
    ______________________________________________________________________________

    3
    Additional Exercises.
    Exercise 1. Word within a Word. Many longer words often contain letters that can be used to make
    shorter words. For example, in part B, words within a compound word were extracted. Pick a long
    word, and using the results of at least three slices to make a new word. Then, give your word and slices
    to your partner and try to figure out each other’s word.

    Exercise 2. Reverse Minus. The function reverse (Part V above) finds the reverse of a string using an
    accumulator as the loop moves over a string starting with the first character. Put the code in a program
    and modify it so that it instead reverses by processing the last character first to reverse the string.

    Exercise 3. Caesar Cipher Cryptography. A Caesar


    Cipher is a kind of encoding involving the mapping of the
    letters of the alphabet to the letter some fixed number of
    positions forward or backward. For example, ABC would
    move to BCD if the offset were 1. Thus, figuring out the
    key to such a cipher entails figuring out what the offset
    is. Computers can effectively be used to decode ciphers
    by testing out the possible offsets, and the correct one is
    the one which generates decipherable text. A sample is
    depicted as a wheel .

    Working with your partner, write a program that


    operates both in the encoding and decoding mode. In the
    encoding mode, it should take user input and the offset
    value to produce an encoded message. In the decoding
    mode, it should take text and decode it trying all possible
    offsets. Demonstrate it works by trading an encoded
    message with another group.

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