District Profile

Dhamtari, Chhattisgarh
Dhamtari falls under the Raipur division of Chhattisgarh state. The total area of the district is 4081.93 sq. km.. The district is administratively divided into 4
tehsils and 4 blocks (Dhamtari, Kurud, Magarlod and Nagri), with a total of 651 villages between them. Of this, 615 are populated.

DEMOGRAPHY
As per Census 2011, the total population of Dhamtari is 799,781 which accounts for 3.13 percent of the total population of State. The percentage of urban pop-
ulation in Dhamtari is 18.66 percent. Out of the total population there are 397,897 males and 401,884 females in the district. This gives a sex ratio of 1011 fe-
males per 1000 males. The decadal growth rate of population in Chhattisgarh is 22.59 percent, while Dhamtari reports a 13.11 percent decadal increase in the
population. The district population density is 196 in 2011. The Scheduled Caste population in the district is 7 percent while Scheduled Tribe comprises 26 per-
cent of the population.

LITERACY
The overall literacy rate of Dhamtari district is 78.4 percent while the male
& female literacy rate is 87.8 and 69.1 percent respectively. At the block
level, a considerable variation is noticeable in male-female literacy rate.
Nagri has the lowest literacy rate 74.7 percent, with 85.5 percent men and
64.28 percent women being literate. Dhamtari block, subsequently, has the
highest literacy rates– among both males and females. The male literacy
rate is 90.3 percent, while that for females is 72.9 percent.

Source: Census 2011

A significant difference is notable in the literacy rate of rural and urban

Dhamtari. Rural Dhamtari has a literacy rate of 77 percent while the same in
urban areas is 84.3 percent. A closer look at block level data reveals that lit-
eracy rate in rural areas lag behind the literacy rate of urban areas. Dhamtari
block has an urban literacy rate of 84.95 percent, and a rural literacy rate is
79.40 percent, thereby ranking highest among all blocks. Nagri ranks lowest
in rural literacy rate, at 74.02 percent, while the lowest urban literacy rate is
recorded in Magarlod (80.9 percent).
Source: Census 2011
SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE Sector wise Gross District Domestic Product (GDDP) for
2006-07: Comparison between Dhamtari and Chhattisgarh

The three sectors of the economy – primary, secondary and tertiary – reflect the
direction of growth of any region. In Dhamtari, the tertiary (services) sector con-
tributed the maximum share of 40.12 percent to Gross District Domestic Product
(GDDP) compared to Chhattisgarh’s share of 36.06 percent to GSDP in 2006-07.
The district’s secondary (industrial) sector contributes less than 1/3rd to GDDP
(29.27 percent) while the contribution to primary sector is 30.61 percent. The GDDP
of Dhamtari in tertiary sector is higher compared to that in Chhattisgarh.

Source: Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Govt. of

Chhattisgarh

The per capita income or average income measures the average income earned per person in a given area in a specified year. Dhamtari’s per capita income in
2006-07 (Rs. 15659). Low per capita income is usually an indicator of poverty in a region. Figures drawn from Bhandari and Chakrabarty, 2015 shows Dhamtari
district has 29% of its population below the poverty line. In absolute terms this is about 2.5 lakhs below the poverty line. This is the district with one of the low-
est number of the poor in the state (40%).

The percentage of main workers in the total workforce in Dhamtari is 83.2 In terms of work participation rate (WPR) in the district, the male WPR is
56.9 percent whereas for female it is 44 percent.
percent which is significantly more than the State main workers (67.66 per-
cent) as per Census 2011. Work Participation Rate
In Nagri block percentage of male
Among the four categories, Cultivators form about 34 percent of all workers, WPR is highest (60.6 percent) while Male Female
Dhamtari reported lowest male
while agricultural labourers form 45.3 percent. The catchall category ‘Other Dhamtari (D) 56.9% 43.9%
WPR (55.4 percent)
Workers’ form about 19.2 percent of the entire working population of the dis-
Kurud 56.1% 45.3%
trict. It includes forms of employment in secondary and tertiary sector . Among female, the highest WPR is
reported from Nagri block (51.5 Magarlod 56.3% 47.1%
percent) and lowest from Dhamtari Dhamtari 55.4% 36.5%
block (36.5 percent).
Nagri 60.6% 51.5%
Comparing all blocks, in Nagri block Source: Census 2011
both male and female WPR is considerably high.

Cultivators– Agricultural Household Other Workers–

Labourer– Workers—1.8
33.6 percent percent 19.2 percent
45.3 percent
Source: Census 2011
BASIC AMENITIES & HEALTH
As per Census 2011, in Chhattisgarh, 97.7 percent of households
have access to improved drinking water, while in Dhamtari approx- Dhamtari Chhattisgarh
imately every household has access to drinking water facilities. The Household (percent) with improved sanitation 29.7 24.6
same survey reports that 29.7 percent household have improved
sanitation facilities which is more than state average of 24.6 per- Household (percent) with clean fuel for cooking 9.1 11.5
cent. Apart from drinking water and sanitation facility, only 9.1 per-
Household (percent) with improved drinking 99.7 97.7
cent of household use clean fuel for cooking compared to state water source
average of 11.5 percent. However, in the district, 88.5 percent of 88.5 75.3
Household (percent) with electricity
household having electricity which is higher than the state average
(75.3 percent). Source: Houselisting and Housing Census, 2011

In terms of health facilities, besides a district hospital, there is a network of sub- health centres (SHCS/Sub-HCs), Primary Health Centres (PHCs) and Community
Health Centres (CHCs) across the district. CHCs have the highest spread, followed by PHCs and then sub- health centres. Hence, CHCs and PHCs cater to a higher
proportion of population than sub- health centres. The Sub-Centre is the most peripheral and first contact point between the primary health care system and
the community. There is a PHC for 6 Sub-Centres while CHCs act as a referral unit for 4 PHCs.

Health Facilities Covered

Primary Health Centres coverage in Dhamtari is for approx. 30034 persons, thereby rank-
ing 4th among districts of Chhattisgarh in terms of accessibility. Mahasamund covers
47829 people in the district, thereby ranking top.
No. of Community Health Centre 03 155
In terms of coverage by Community Health Centre coverage in Dhamtari, they cater to
No. of Primary Health Centre 175928 persons and ranks 5th from top. Among other districts, Bilaspur ranks highest in
24 792
terms of coverage by Community Health Centres and Kanker ranks lowest.
No. of Sub Health Centre 180 5186
In terms of accessibility of healthcare facilities in Dhamtari, DLHS IV reports that 81.8 per-
cent of villages are within the 3-km radius of the Sub-Health Centres while 72.73 percent
Dhamtari Chhattisgarh
of villages are within the 10-km radii of Primary Health Centres. Comparing at the state
Source: HMIS 2015-16, Rural Health Statistics 2015
level, 77.5 percent of villages are within 3 km radii of Sub-Health Centres, while 81.4 per-
cent villages are within the 10 km radius of Primary Health Centres.
The chart below shows the percentage of Auxiliary Nurse & Midwives (ANM),
number of Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) workers and Village Health
Nutrition and Sanitation Committee (VHNSC) in Dhamtari and Chhattisgarh. It
appears from the chart that in Dhamtari the total percentage of Sub Health
Centres (Sub-HC) having ANM is 93.8 whereas its 89.7 percent for Chhattis-
garh. About 98.4 percent of villages have VHNSC in Dhamtari, while 97.2 per-
cent villages in Chhattisgarh have VHNSC. There is however no data available
on the presence of ASHA (Accredited Social Health Activist) in the DLHS 4 Re-
port for Chhattisgarh.
Source: DLHSDLHS
Source: IV 2012-13
IV, 2012-13

Institutional Births*
Infant Mortality Rate Maternal Mortality Rate
The overall percentage of institutional births recorded in Dhamtari and
Dhamtari 47 Dhamtari 211 Chhattisgarh varies significantly. In Dhamtari 96.2 percent institutional births
are recorded, compared to 82.9 percent births in Chhattisgarh.
Chhattisgarh 43 Chhattisgarh 244 However, institutional birth record rate in public healthcare units is moderate,
both in Dhamtari (57.4 percent) and Chhattisgarh (78.5 percent).
Source: HMIS 2015-16, Rural Health Statistics 2015
Dhamtari Chhattisgarh
Institutional Births Institutional Births
Mortality Rate (to Total Reported Deliveries) (to Total Reported Deliveries)
(percent)
Infant Mortality Rate of Dhamtari shows that in the year 2014, the
district recorded 47 infant deaths under one year per 1000 live Total— 96.2 Total— 82.9
births, while the same at the state level was 43.
Institutional Births in Public Institutional Births in Public
Maternal Mortality Rate, which is the annual number of female Facilities (percent) Facilities (percent)
deaths per 10,000 live births, reports that Dhamtari experienced 211
maternal deaths as against 244 deaths in Chhattisgarh. Total— 57.4 Total— 78.5

* for births in the 5 years before survey

Source: HMIS 2015-16, Rural Health Statistics 2015

EDUCATIONAL STATUS — DISTRICT
(Government Schools include schools administered under Central Government, Local Bodies, Tribal and Social Welfare Department and Department of Education)

Dhamtari has 1448 Govt. schools, of which 1323 are till elementary grade. The district has no contractual teachers.
Only 391 out of 1323 Govt. elementary schools have in Dhamtari have Anganwadi Centres. Of all 1448 Govt. schools; only 391 have Anganwadis. In other words,
only 27 percent of all Govt. schools have Anganwadis, of which 29.5 percent of Govt. Elementary schools are seen to have AWCs.
In Dhamtari, a typical school has 5.6 teachers on average at elementary to higher secondary grade, while it is approximately 3.7 teachers at the elementary level.
Pupil Teacher Ratio (PTR) at the elementary level is 19 in Dhamtari, while it is 17 across schools with elementary to higher secondary grades.

Government Schools– Elementary to Hr. Secondary Grade Government Schools– Elementary Grade Only

391 Number of school having AWC* 391

1448 Number of school 1323
137996 Total enrolment (excluding AWC) 92425
Girls enrolment is 1.09 times higher 65906 Boys enrolment 45336 Girls enrolment is 1.04 times higher
than boys enrolment 72090 Girls enrolment 47089 than boys enrolment

6094 Total teachers 4898

00 Contractual teachers 00
3948 Male teachers 3193 Male teachers are 1.87 times more than
Male teachers are 1.84 times more than
2146 Female teachers 1705 female teachers
female teachers
5.6 Average number of teachers per school 3.7
Pupil teacher ratio 19
17
*Anganwadi Centres
Source: DISE, 2015-16

School Facilities
As far as provision of infrastructure facilities are concerned, only one elementary school in Dhamtari has no school building; the district has 1326 elementary pub-
lic schools, while 1440 out of 1448 schools have school buildings as well.
Library facilities in government schools hardly reflect any inconsistencies. Of the 1448 public schools, 1440 schools have libraries, which roughly implies near-full
coverage. A similar situation is observed among the 6 blocks of Dhamtari, with almost all public schools having libraries.
Average Annual Dropout Rate
Data on drop-out rate in Govt. schools in Dhamtari at the Primary level is unavailable. It is seen to increase as one moves across higher grades. It is 0.9 percent at
the Upper Primary level, a 21.3 percent at Secondary level. At the Higher Secondary level drop-out rate , however, falls to 4.1 percent.
In Dhamtari, boys tend to drop out slightly more than girls, and dropout rate increases as pupils move up the grade ladder, except for at the Higher Secondary
level. At the Higher Secondary level, dropout rate among boys is 4.1 percent, while the same among girls is as high as 4.4 percent.

Average Dropout Rate is seen to steadily 4.4% Higher Secondary

Higher Secondary 4.1%
increase for both boys and girls across
17.3% Secondary
Secondary 23.8% higher grades. Only at the higher second-
ary level boys dropout rate recedes, but 0.99% Upper Primary
Upper Primary 3.9%
that for girls remain as high as - Primary
Primary -
50 percent.
Source: DISE, 2015-16

EDUCATIONAL STATUS — BLOCK

Blocks No. of schools Total number of Percentage of
Anganwadi Centres (AWCs) having AWCs schools schools with
AWCs
All Schools
Among the 4 blocks of Dhamtari, 32.26 percent of all Govt. schools in Kurud have Dhamtari 110 361 30.47
Anganwadi centres. On the contrary, Magarlod has only 19.51 percent of its Kurud 110 341 32.26
Govt. schools with AWCs. None of Dhamtari (30.47 percent), Kurud (32.26 per- Magarlod 48 246 19.51
cent), Magarlod (19.51 percent), Nagri (24.6 percent) have even half of their Nagri 123 500 24.6
Govt. schools covered by Anganwadi centres. All Blocks 391 1448 27.00

Source: DISE, 2015-16

We make an effort to categorize blocks into four broad categories based on the proportion of schools that have Anganwadi Centres (Very Less, Less,
Moderate, High)— it is seen that there exists moderate disparity across blocks. In Magarlod, approximately only 19.51 percent of all schools have AWCs. In
the immediate next category, features Nagri, with only a quarter of its schools covered by AWCs. In Kurud and Dhamtari, a little more than 30 percent of
their schools have Anganwadis.
EDUCATIONAL STATUS — BLOCK
Pupil Teacher Ratio
Blocks No. of Schools Enrolment Primary Only Primary with Upper Primary Total
Boys Girls Total
Dhamtari 361 18795 (47.15%) 21066 (52.85%) 39861 19 0 16
Kurud 341 20030 (47.56%) 22086 (52.44%) 42116 21 0 17
Magarlod 246 10984 (47.6%) 12093 (52.40%) 23077 18 0 18
Nagri 500 16097 (48.86%) 16895 (51.29%) 32942 17 0 17
All Blocks 1448 65906 (47.76%) 72090 (52.24%) 137996 18 0 17
Source: DISE, 2015-16

Dhamtari has 1448 Govt. schools, of which 1323 are Elementary schools. Nagri has 500 Govt. schools, the highest among all blocks, while Magarlod has
only 246 Govt. schools. Enrolment rate among girls remain constantly higher than that for boys across all blocks in Dhamtari. In Nagri, Govt. schools ac-
count for 48.86 percent of boys in total enrolment, thereby recording highest proportion of boys enrolment among all blocks. Dhamtari block, on the
contrary, records the highest share in girls enrolment. Pupil Teacher Ratio (PTR) at primary level remains well below the RTE mandate of 30, with the
lowest PTR appearing to be in Nagri (17) block of Dhamtari and the highest in Kurud (21). Dhamtari has no schools at the upper primary level, so PTR does
not apply in this case. Average PTR is 16 in Dhamtari and 18 in Magarlod.

Average no. of teachers per school

Blocks Teachers Contractual Teachers Primary Only Primary with Upper Total
Male Female Total Male Female Total Primary
Dhamtari 1027 792 1819 0 0 0 3.85 0.00 6.79
Kurud 1060 614 1674 0 0 0 3.89 0.00 7.07
Magarlod 695 288 983 0 0 0 3.27 0.00 5.16
Nagri 1166 452 1618 0 0 0 2.39 0.00 3.88
All Blocks 3948 2146 6094 0 0 0 3.19 0.00 5.57
Source: DISE, 2015-16

The proportion between male and female teachers is seen to vary heavily among the blocks at Dhamtari. The male-female imbalance in workforce is seen
to be the highest in Nagri, and lowest in Dhamtari block. Interestingly, the district of Dhamtari has no para teachers in a total teaching cadre of 6094.
Measuring the average number of teachers each school has, it is seen that at the primary level, Nagri has only 2.39 average teachers per school, the lowest
among all blocks.
Dhamtari has a total of 6094 teachers employed in its Govt. schools, of which 3948 are male and 2146 are female. Magarlod (983) employs the lowest number of
teachers among all blocks, of which 288 are female teachers. Relatively, greater number of teachers are employed in Govt. schools having Primary as well as
Upper Primary sections. In the elementary category, Dhamtari has a total of 1466 teachers, of which 620 are female and 846 are male.

Professional Qualification of Teachers District Dhamtari B.El.Ed. (2.57 %) B.Ed. or equivalent (21.08%) Others (61.83%)

Nagri (5%)
Kurud (2%) In terms of professional qualifications, a
Teachers qualified with a B.El.Ed. meagre 2 percent of teachers have a B.El.Ed.
Magarlod (2%)
Degree in Dhamtari degree only in the district. Nagri has the high-
Dhamtari (2%)
est proportion of teachers with B.El.Ed degree
(5 percent).

Dhamtari (25.07%)
Another 21.08 percent have B.Ed. Teachers qualified with a B.Ed. or
Kurud ( 24.13%)
degrees as well in the district. Among equivalent Degree in Dhamtari
the blocks, followed by Dhamtari (25.07 Magarlod (17.9%)
percent), Kurud has the most number Nagri (15.39%)
of teachers with B. Ed. degree (24.13
percent).

Magarlod (69.28%)
Nagri (66.81%)
Teachers qualified with any Around 61.83% of the total teaching cadre
other* degree in Dhamtari Dhamtari (59.04%) hold degrees other than a B.Ed. or a B.El.Ed
Kurud (55.68%)

A significant proportion of the population in blocks across Dhamtari district has teachers with no professional degree ( percent). Kurud has the highest proportion
of untrained teachers (18.16 percent).

* other category includes teachers with professional degree equivalent to M. Ed or equivalent, Others, Diploma in Teacher Training and Diploma or Degree in Special Education.

This is a preliminary report published based on publicly available data. Some of the issues discussed in the report are compl ex in nature and need further investigation and analysis.
This publication is freely available for sharing for non -commercial purposes, and without any change, subject to due credit to t he publisher.