Diploma in Telecommunications

Management Studies (DTMS)

Module 3: Next Generation Networks and Services

Krish Raghunundhun
Email: [email protected]
Cell: +27 81 765 4733

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Study Unit 4 – Migration of legacy systems
to NGN

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 Topics

• The Path towards NGN Solution

• NGN capabilities for migration
• Generic migration scenarios
• Technical considerations

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 The Path towards NGN Solution (1..14)

NGN
Why
migrate?
migrate

Step 1
What
requirements?
requirements

Step 2
Which
architecture?

Step 3

PSTN

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 Step 1 – Why migrate to NGN? (2..14)

• Telecom service provider

– PSTN infrastructure renewal
– Network extension: Greenfield and rural areas
– Improve OPEX, reduce CAPEX
– Provide new services
• Virtual voice service provider
– Reduce costs: Bypass other operators’ network
– Provide new services (IP Centrex)
• ISP/broadband provider
– Extend business with voice services to broadband
customers
– Extend addressable market to narrowband customers

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 Legacy and NGN Services of Fixed
Line Operators (3..14)

Legacy Services NGN Services

POTS
Voice ISDN BRA VoIP
ISDN PRA

DSL (IP/Ethernet)
Dial-In
Internet Access 100BaseT
DSL (ATM)
1 GbE

PDH/SDH (LL)
DSL (IP/Ethernet)
X.21 …
Data 100BaseT
FR
1 GbE
ATM
Relevant for Residential
Business

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 Legacy and NGN Services of Fixed
Line Operators (4..14)

• Legacy services will Fixed retail telecom services (World)

800.000
not be neglectable for 700.000
many years 600.000

– Legacy voice revenues

US$ (Mill.)
500.000

will decline sharply, but it 400.000

will still deliver a major 300.000

part of the revenues. 200.000

– Legacy data will decline 100.000

smoothly 0

2005 2010

Broadband, Internet & NGN Data

NGN Voice
Legacy Data
Legacy Voice

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 PSTN Migration to NGN –
Architectural View (5..14)

MONOLITHIC SWITCH ARCHITECTURE

TDM Class 5
Switch

Open, standardised Interfaces

NGN ARCHITECTURE

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 NGN vs. PSTN (Telephony) (6..14)

TRADITIONAL ARCHITECTURE

ISDN, Q.931 Switch Fabric Signalling

NT SS7
Controller Links
Line
Cards
POTS, CAS t/r Trunk Class 5
PSTN
Cards Switch

TDM Switch

NGN ARCHITECTURE

ISDN, Q.931 Media Gateway Signalling

NT SS7
Controller Gateway

Media
Gateway

POTS, CAS t/r Trunk Class 5

Packet Network PSTN
Gateway Switch

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 Step 2 – Which Requirements? (7..14)

Increase
Revenues
&
Leverage the revenues of Profitability Implement "new"
residential and business
 POTS
services
 ISDN
Reduce  IPTV (Triple Play)
 Leased Lines
OPEX  VPN
 … Maintain Increase  LAN-LAN
legacy services new services
 …
revenues revenue

 Migrate legacy services to NGN platforms

 Reduce no. of operational platforms
 Enhance OAM&P processes

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 Step 2 – Reference Case (8..14)

Customer
Speed to experience and
market empowerment

Cost
transformation

The transformation has a radical strategy …

 Broadband everywhere…
 Replacing the PSTN
 PSTN transformation trial
 A world first for a telecom company

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 NGN Voice Service Provisioning (9..14)

GW = Gateway

TDM POTS
GW
ISDN
Soft Switch 1
2 TDM
POTS 3
ISDN
4
H.248/SIP

Trunk GW Packet Network NT-1

Access
GW
POTS
(Core/Metro IP, MPLS)
ISDN
PSTN Signalling
GW
SIP SIP
SS7 DSL/cable
DSL/cable Residential
POTS
1 = Centralised Gateway GW ISDN
2 = Access Gateway
3 = Residential Gateway
4 = Soft Phones

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 Step 3 – Which Architecture? (10..14)

MGC
PSTN CO
MGC BICC or H.248 TG

SIP-T or SIP
SS7
SG

H.248 Packet
or SIP SIGTRAN
Network
TG/SG

NT-1

SIP or
H.323
SIP or
H.323

IP-Phone/
Multi-Media PC
Proxy- Gatekeeper
Server

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 Step 3 – Which Architecture? (11..14)

CLASS 4 NGN
Signalling Media Gateway Signalling
SS7 SS7
Gateway Controller Gateway

CO Trunk Trunk CO
PSTN Packet Network PSTN
Switch Gateway Gateway Switch

CLASS 5 NGN
ISDN/ POTS/
Q.931 Signalling Media Gateway Signalling CAS t/r
NT1
Gateway Controller Gateway

POTS/ Media Media IAD

CAS t/r Gateway Gateway Residential
Packet Network
gateway

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 Access Gateway Architecture –
Distributed vs. Centralised (12..14)

Application
Server
Continuity of service 
Distributed PSTN, SS7 interworking 
MGC
Access Gateway
Packet Costs ?
swiched
Application
Server network

MGC
AG
Metro
Packet network
swiched
network
AG

AG

∎ New services
∎ Broadband services
∎ Triple Play

Centralised Access
Continuity of service 
PSTN, SS7 interworking  Gateway
Costs 

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 Advantages – Distributed Access
Gateway (13..14)
Continuity of service 
• Keep the phone, no re-cabling
Distributed
Access Gateway • Keep the service

Application
• No impact on end user
Server

MGC PSTN, SS7 interworking 

• Signalling gateways
Packet
swiched
• SIGTRA
network
AG
Costs 
AG • Less network element

• Low incremental investment

1. Local Call Routing
• Improve network availability
2. Compression
• More efficient transmission capacity
– Local call routing
– Compression

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 Advantages – Distributed Access
Gateway (14..14)

New revenue 
Distributed
Access Gateway • Broadband services

Application
• Triple Play
Server

MGC

Packet
swiched
network
AG

AG

1. Local Call Routing

2. Compression

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 NGN capabilities for migration (1..10)

• NGN equips two different capabilities; emulation

and simulation.
– NGN Emulation supports provision of PSTN/ISDN service
capabilities and interfaces but using adaptation function for
fitting to the NGN using IP.
– NGN Simulation supports provision of PSTN/ISDN-like
service capabilities using session control over IP interfaces
and infrastructure.

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 NGN capabilities for migration (2..10)

• Emulation capability

• Adaptation Function (ADF) should take an

essential role to use NGN Emulation capability.
• ADF provides connection to the NGN of legacy
terminal devices such as legacy telephone and
uses their services

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 NGN capabilities for migration (3..10)

• Simulation capability
UNI UNI

NGN

User User
equipment equipment

NGN Simulation with NGN terminals

UNI
UNI

NGN ADF1

User
User equipment
equipment NGN Simulation with NGN terminal and
non-NGN terminal
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 NGN capabilities for migration (4..10)

• Interworking between Emulation and Simulation

capability

UNI NNI UNI

NGN PSTN/ISDN

User
equipment
User
equipment

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 NGN capabilities for migration (5..10)

• Interworking NGN Simulation with Legacy IP

UNI NNI UNI

NGN IP network

User
equipment
User
equipment

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 Generic migration scenarios (6..10)

– Expand the core transmission capacity;

– Develop a core NGN overlay with call servers and media
gateways, then interconnect or interworking with PSTN;
– Install NGN access nodes (e.g., MSANs: Multi-Service
Access Nodes) at legacy access network sites, stop buying
more legacy access system;
– Migrate those customers who want advanced features, or
fast Internet, or new NGN services onto the NGN access
nodes;
– May need to use a number portability technology for call
routing if number is not going to change, since number
block is normally related to the Remote Concentrator Unit,
unless whole unit is replaced, and;
– When number of subscribers on legacy access nodes is
small, then the remainder migrate to NGN nodes.

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 Generic migration scenarios (7..10)

Introduction
of NGN
Extension Extension
of NGN of NGN

Access Core Access

network network network

Volume

Legacy Networks
(Voice services)

NGN Simulation

Time

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 Overlay scenario (8..10)

Overlay NGN network

ADF

expansion
NGNNGN NGN NGN
ADF

ADF

IWF

shrink
Legacy Legacy
Networks Networks

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 Replacement scenario (9..10)

Overlay
NGN network
ADF

ADF NGN NGN-A

Core (Simul.)

ADF

IWF Replace
Legacy
NGN-A
(Emul.)
Networks
Legacy Legacy-
Core Access
Replace
Legacy- Legacy-
Access Legacy- Access
Access

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 Scope of considerations for
migration (10..10)

Government
Policy
Roles & responsibility
National vision
Strategies & Policy

National
User Vision and Regulation
Demands Plans
Status of User domains Objectives and strategy
New requirements Regulatory environments
Potentials

Business

Status of business
Domestic capability
Relationship with others

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 Technical considerations (1..7)

• For better and smooth migration, followings are

recommended as consideration points:
– Growth of voice service market and dilemma to grow with
legacy PSTN/ISDN or with the NGN;
– Seamless continuity of services as well as backward
compatibility of voice services;
– Inter-working with existing legacy equipment;
– Provision of new communication services to emerging
users in addition to existing network services;
– Possibilities offered through NGN migration to grow new
markets (broadband, triple/quadruple-play) and enrich
infrastructure competition between distinct access
platforms;

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 Technical considerations (2..7)

• OPEX with legacy networks vs. CAPEX for new

NGN infrastructure;
• Timelines for the whole process of migration, and;
– Decision to begin replacement of infrastructure;
– A significant portion of users switches to NGN services, the
other direction, reduction of true PSTN/ISDN usage visible;
• Replacement parts of the infrastructure (e.g. local
switch) by new infrastructure, without forcing all
users to migrate.

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 Technical considerations (3..7)

• In general, PSTN/ISDN is comprised of the

following entities, each with one or multiple
functionalities:
– Transport entities (including switching, transmission and
physical mediums): physical PSTN/ISDN infrastructures
with forming access and core networks;
– Control and signalling: identify communication end points
and forming control centre for the communications;
– Management: monitor, maintain and repair of
communication services and networks to keep operations
and provision properly;
– Service: mainly voice or speech class of services including
voice-band data and in the case of ISDN narrow-band
information services are also available.

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 Technical considerations (4..7)

Transport aspects
• Transport is the most significant and fundamental
parts to be considered whenever think about the
migration or transition
– core network during the migration process should be
prepared providing managed capabilities in terms support
of QoS, security and mobility
– physical medium should be aimed using optic fibre based
infrastructure whether SDH, IP, Ethernet, WDM will be
used on top of the fibre together or not

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 Technical considerations (5..7)

• Core network structure during migration

Ref: “Migration to NGN and NGN costs”, ITU-TCI NGN Migration Strategy, John Horrocks

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 Technical considerations (6..7)

• Access Network (Migration in MDF site)

Note: HG (Home Gateway), RSU (Remote Service Unit), DSLAM (Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer),
MSAN (Multi-Services Access Node), GB (GigaBit), MDF (Main Distribution Frame)

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 Schedule for PSTN Network
Reconstruction (7..7)

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 Summary – Evolution towards NGN
(1..4)

• Legacy PSTN
– Intelligent Network (IN) was built on top of PSTN and
centralised some services.
• Deployment of any services other than voice services was
complicated and usually required a new protocol set.

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 Summary – Evolution towards NGN
(2..4)

• Softswitch based NGN

– IP networks at the transport layer
• softswitch architecture is characterised by one monolithic
control block and one or more media (voice) gateways.

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 Summary – Evolution towards NGN
(3..4)

• IMS based NGN

– IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS). The idea behind IMS is to
provide a de-composed architecture with well standardised
interfaces between functional elements.

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 Summary – Evolution towards NGN
(4..4)

• Evolution of telco networks.

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 Network Architecture in the NGN
Solution – Huawei (1..3)

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 IMS Solution – Huawei (2..3)

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 Converged Architecture for Future
Networks (3..3)

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 Group Work

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