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    Indonesia Makalah

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    Zattara Zappata
    The political situation in Indonesia is characterized by tensions around national identity and the role of Islam in politics. The 2019 presidential election is shaping up to be a contest between incumbent Joko Widodo, a religious moderate, and Prabowo Subianto, who has embraced more conservative Islamic positions and earned endorsements from Islamic parties. Both candidates are working to appeal to Muslim voters. Disinformation on social media has also targeted Joko Widodo, depicting him as non-Muslim. While Indonesia has established a democratic system with regular elections since 1998, issues of corruption, money in politics, and pressure on poor voters continue to pose challenges to full democracy.

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    Indonesia Makalah

    Uploaded by

    Zattara Zappata
    26 views7 pages
    The political situation in Indonesia is characterized by tensions around national identity and the role of Islam in politics. The 2019 presidential election is shaping up to be a contest between incumbent Joko Widodo, a religious moderate, and Prabowo Subianto, who has embraced more conservative Islamic positions and earned endorsements from Islamic parties. Both candidates are working to appeal to Muslim voters. Disinformation on social media has also targeted Joko Widodo, depicting him as non-Muslim. While Indonesia has established a democratic system with regular elections since 1998, issues of corruption, money in politics, and pressure on poor voters continue to pose challenges to full democracy.

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    The political situation in Indonesia is characterized by tensions around national identity and the role of Islam in politics. The 2019 presidential election is shaping up to be a contest between incumbent Joko Widodo, a religious moderate, and Prabowo Subianto, who has embraced more conservative Islamic positions and earned endorsements from Islamic parties. Both candidates are working to appeal to Muslim voters. Disinformation on social media has also targeted Joko Widodo, depicting him as non-Muslim. While Indonesia has established a democratic system with regular elections since 1998, issues of corruption, money in politics, and pressure on poor voters continue to pose challenges to full democracy.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    26 views7 pages

    Indonesia Makalah

    Uploaded by

    Zattara Zappata
    The political situation in Indonesia is characterized by tensions around national identity and the role of Islam in politics. The 2019 presidential election is shaping up to be a contest between incumbent Joko Widodo, a religious moderate, and Prabowo Subianto, who has embraced more conservative Islamic positions and earned endorsements from Islamic parties. Both candidates are working to appeal to Muslim voters. Disinformation on social media has also targeted Joko Widodo, depicting him as non-Muslim. While Indonesia has established a democratic system with regular elections since 1998, issues of corruption, money in politics, and pressure on poor voters continue to pose challenges to full democracy.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 7

    The ways how we keep geting along in a political isue like that

    The political situation in indonesia


    2.3 The Ways How We Keep Getting Along in A Political Issue Like That

    In 2019 our country entered in politics year, in the sense of an election year both
    legislative and presidential elections. Although the new next year is the year of
    politics, but politics warm atmosphere is very felt at this time. politics, according to
    Indonesian dictionary, politics is all matters and actions (policy, strategy) of the state
    government or any other country; how to act (in the face or deal with a problem).
    According to the Encyclopedia of Indonesia, politics are matters relating to
    governance, institutions and political processes. pressure groups, international
    relations and governance.At present, our country is plagued with political issues that
    make people split into several parts. There are furiously supports the A, there are
    furiously supports the B. there are desperately hated the A, there are furiously
    resented B, and some that remain silent or neutral.

    Well, after following a course of public opinion a few weeks of this, a little
    change my perspective on political issues in Indonesia. An example is the president
    Joko Widodo who now heads. Many people scoffed pack habits Jokowi "slang" and
    "eccentric" because they think that the pack Jokowi indifferent to the state. Some
    people say that what is done that Jokowi imaging. There are some people who could
    be called The Obtinate Audience, namely individuals who have a strong belief and
    understanding of something that can not be changed through any communication
    process. For example, even if Jokowi doing as good as any, they will still think that
    what was done was just imaging Jokowi.

    There are also some people who could be called Spiral of silence. Ie silence from
    the public due to the impact of the agenda-setting and cowardice have different
    opinions for fear of being left out. For example, someone in the place of work are
    people who are proud to Jokowi, but he did not dare to express it or show it to others
    in the work environment because most of them do not like the way things Jokowi.

    From this I learned, at will any or as much as I against a figure and object, I still
    have to accept the opinions of others that are different from mine. Instead of
    becoming angry and hate people who incidentally opinions differ from mine. Because
    this is what makes the split in Indonesian society, not what we like, but how we
    respond to other people's opinions and perceptions. After all, respect the opinions of
    others is not difficult, right?
    How do we analyze and accept the political message is also important to address
    the political issues at this time. We also have to accept the things that we think are not
    true. Although we think it is not right, try to accept it while looking for the facts.

    Based political polarization potentially divisive identity politics, society and


    nation. This was triggered by political contestation supporters of candidates during
    and after the presidential elections. It is a new threat of smaller grievances such as the
    May 22 riots and some statements to secede as discourse referendum in Aceh and
    Sumatra Republic.

    This political polarization has given rise to concerns of various parties. Public
    response that the political elite and their supporters can move on, forget about the 01
    camps and 02 camps but united into precepts 3 "Unity of Indonesia" then surfaced as
    a discourse of reconciliation. From the discourse of reconciliation developing,
    emerging two main discourse.

    First, reconciliation among the political elite after the presidential leadership is
    needed to lower the political temperature is not just sharing office. According to the
    Secretary General of the PDI-P, Hasto Kristiyanto, it looks for reconciliation with the
    opposing parties during the Presidential Election 2019. However, reconciliation is not
    through the distribution of positions in the executive.

    Second, the discourse that reconciliation must complete the presidential form of
    polarization effects in the community. For Islamic organizations such as
    Muhammadiyah and NU, needed social reconciliation in which all parties can be
    reunited, because Indonesia is more important than anything. Meanwhile, according
    to UI sociologist Thamrin Amalgola, there should be a substantive reconciliation at
    the level of the nation, which is not only limited to the distribution of cabinet
    positions.

    In this context, the statement Jokowi as president-elect when the determination of


    2019-2024 in the Commission who would like to invite Prabowo and Uno Uno to
    jointly build the country is a wise step to start reconciliation on the level of the
    political elite. Furthermore, Jokowi also invite the people of Indonesia can forget the
    political differences that could divide supporters 02 and 01. "We have reunited,
    becoming Indonesia, Pancasila state that unites us all."

    Unity of the nation itself actually has meaning reconciliatory. Reconciliation


    within the framework of the union is to take care and knit unity involving not only the
    national political elite, as well as local politicians, clergy and all people who love
    Indonesia peaceful. Reconciliation as a method of re-knit unity of the nation should
    be interpreted as "substantive reconciliation" involving the entire nation voluntarily
    without coercion through dialogue.

    Commitment to keep the unity of the nation is a constitutional mandate and the
    mandate of the of the third principle of Pancasila "Unity of Indonesia". A threat to the
    unity of the nation means a threat to the Pancasila and the Constitution of the country.
    National unity, to borrow a phrase Bung Hatta should not be a "per-sate-an."

    Unity is a house that is always open to working together to advance the nation.
    National unity is the basis for the future of Indonesia in order to compete with other
    nations. No country has developed and prosperous if its people are divided.

    Substantive reconciliation as an attempt to knit unity of the nation will be a


    proving ground for President Jokowi as the leader of a solidarity-maker type
    (unifying) is the vision pemerintahanya. To knit unity of the nation then Jokowi
    always ready to escort him to the ways of dialogue, persuasion and participation of all
    components of the nation.

    CHAPTER III
    PEOPLE’S POLITICAL VIEW

    3.1 The Political Situation in Indonesia


    Infrastructure, corruption and the economy will all be on voters' minds.But the
    central issue this election will Indonesia's national identity and whether it is taking an
    increasingly Islamic political path.Media captionCoffee vendor Eha Soleha is one of
    the many women running for election in Indonesia

    Indonesia has no official state religion but more than 80% of its people are
    Muslim. It is the world's most populous Muslim-majority country.Conservative
    religious groups have become increasingly vocal over recent years - rallying over
    cases like the blasphemy conviction of former Jakarta governor (and Jokowi ally)
    Basuki Tjahaja Purnama, known as Ahok.So the main presidential candidates have
    been working hard to display their Islamic credentials.

    Mr Jokowi, a religious moderate, surprised many by picking Ma'ruf Amin as his


    running mate. He's a powerful cleric who played a key role in the protests that led to
    Ahok's downfall. That was seen as an attempt to sway more conservative Muslim
    voters his way, but may have lost him some support among younger, liberal voters.
    Mr Prabowo has promised to protect Islamic leaders and increase funding for
    religious schools, while respecting the constitution. He has earned endorsements from
    the Prosperous Justice Party, the largest Islamist party in parliament.

    He has picked as his running mate a young, savvy, politician called Sandiaga
    Uno, who also happens to be one of Indonesia's richest men.Analysts are predicting a
    significant number of voters will decide not to vote at all this year, feeling
    disillusioned with Mr Jokowi but unwilling to back the overt Islamist politics of Mr
    Prabowo.

    Social media is king in Indonesia - it has the fourth-highest number of Facebook


    users in the world - and the country has been plagued by fake news problems.
    Misinformation is rampant on social media in Indonesia

    Mafindo, an Indonesian organisation fighting fake news, said political fake news
    and disinformation shot up by 61% between December 2018 and January 2019.The
    group's co-founder told Reuters that a large proportion of the misinformation targets
    Mr Jokowi, making him out to be a Christian, of Chinese ancestry, or a
    communist.These may not sound like dramatic claims - but they're big accusations in
    Muslim-majority Indonesia, where race and ideology are especially sensitive issues.

    Indonesia is now characterized by popular sovereignty manifested in


    parliamentary and presidential elections every five years. Starting from the fall of
    Suharto's New Order, which marked the beginning of the Reformation period, every
    election in Indonesia is regarded to be free and fair. However, the nation is not free
    from corruption, nepotism, collusion as well as money-politics through which power
    or political positions can be bought. For example, the poorer segments of Indonesian
    society are 'encouraged' to vote for a specific presidential candidate on election day
    by being handed some small money at the ballot box. Such strategies persist and are
    used by all involved sides (which - in some respects - makes it a fair battle and thus
    different from the New Order era).

    We consider such issues to be part of Indonesia's growing process towards


    becoming a full democracy (currently - based on the Economist Intelligence Unit's
    Democracy Index - the nation is still regarded as a flawed democracy). It needs to be
    emphasized here that Indonesia constitutes a young democracy and therefore
    experiences growing pains.

    Political conditions are important for those who seek to invest or engage in
    business relations with Indonesia. In this section we present an overview of
    Indonesia's current political composition as well as overviews of the key chapters in
    the country's political history.

    General Political Outline of Indonesia.This section concerns Indonesia's current


    political system. It discusses the role that religion (in particular Islam) plays in
    political decision-making and provides a brief outline of Indonesia's separation of
    powers (trias politica), namely the executive, legislative and judicial branches.
    Currently, Joko Widodo's Working Cabinet (2014-present) is in office. It will govern
    up to 2019 when new parliamentary and presidential elections will be held.

    Pre-Colonial Period of Indonesia.Sources indicate that the archipelago contained


    multiple political entities from early on in its history. These various entities slowly
    evolved from political centers around individuals whose leadership was legitimized
    by the possession of certain skills and charisma to leaders who legitimized their hold
    on power by claiming to be godlike figures equipped with supernatural powers,
    supported by paid armies and a population that paid tribute to the king.

    Colonial Period of Indonesia.The arrival of the Europeans, attracted by the promising


    perspectives of the spice trade, is one of the major watersheds in the history of the
    archipelago. Having more advanced technology and weaponry at hand, the
    Portuguese and - in particular - the Dutch succeeded in becoming influential
    economic and political powers that would ultimately dominate the archipelago and
    laid down new political frameworks and boundaries.
    Soekarno's Old Order.Soekarno, Indonesia's first president, is rightfully seen as the
    icon of the nationalist struggle against the colonizers. But after independence had
    finally been achieved, he faced the difficult task of guiding a new nation, plagued by
    traumas from the past and conflicts of political and social forces in the present. It
    proved to be a too daunting task for the young and inexperienced generation of
    Indonesian politicians, resulting in the chaotic middle years of the 1960s.

    Suharto's New Order.Suharto, Indonesia's second president, managed to rise to power


    during the turbulent 1960s. His New Order government, that was characterized by
    both economic development (resulting in an admirable poverty reduction) and
    suppression as well as corruption, would rule Indonesia for more than thirty years.
    However, when the booming domestic economy - the main pillar of his legitimacy -
    collapsed in the late 1990s, Suharto quickly lost control of power.

    Reformation Period of Indonesia.After decades of authoritarian rule, Indonesian


    politics were to be reformed in order to give the Indonesian people more power in the
    process of political and economic decision making. This new period is known as the
    period of Reformation and is marked by structural changes (such as the
    decentralization of power to the regions and limits to the power of the presidency),
    but also marked by continuities (such as the continuation of corruption, poverty and
    clustering of capital at society's elite).

    Current Cabinet of Indonesia.This section displays an up-to-date list of members in


    President Joko Widodo's current cabinet - called the Working Cabinet - which was
    inaugurated on 27 October 2014 and is expected to govern until 2019 when new
    elections will be held. Widodo is allowed to participate in the presidential elections of
    2019 as the constitution allows two terms (each covering a five-year period) to the
    Indonesian presidency. Since the inauguration there have been made several changes
    to the composition of the Working Cabinet.

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