Polyimide P84®NT

Technical brochure
 Polyimide P84®NT

Introducing an outstanding high

performance polymer:

Excellent performance at high temperatures

Polyimide P84®NT is used in applications where ordinary plastics would
sooner melt or decompose.

High heat deflection temperature

Polyimide P84®NT guarantees very good creep resistance even at elevated
temperatures.

High strength and excellent shape stability

Parts and components made of Polyimide P84®NT provide a rigid struc-
ture and can bear high mechanical stress and elongation.

Very good impact resistance

The high impact strength of Polyimide P84®NT ensures easy machinability
with standard tools and good quality of edges and surfaces.

Processing by state-of-the art sinter technologies

Polyimide P84®NT is processable cost-efficiently by common sinter tech-
nologies such as hot compression moulding or direct forming.

Powder or granules are commercially available

Commercially available polyimide raw material enables plastics processors
to develop proprietary polyimide parts and compounds.

Small particle size

Homogenous blending with functional fillers or other polymers can be
achieved by employing powder grades with particle size less than 10µm.

Low wear and friction behaviour

Tribological compounds with solid lubricants provide dry-lubricated solu-
tions for demanding applications.

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Why choosing Polyimide P84®NT?

Demanding applications Restrictions of conventional polyimides

High temperatures or frictional wear at high speeds and Processing semi-finished parts made of polyimide is of-
loads often circumscribes the use of ordinary engineer- ten a difficult undertaking, and the raw material is some-
ing plastics; hence, advanced high-performance poly- times not available commercially, prompting some poly-
mers have taken their place in demanding applications. imide polymer producers to sell the machined parts at
Plastics processors can use polyimides — which exhibit high prices, affordable in many cases only in niches.
remarkable heat stability and creep resistance, even at In addition, some polyimides are known to be highly
elevated temperatures of 250°C or higher — where or- brittle and thus can not be used in applications that call
dinary plastics would sooner melt or decompose. for high quality of edges and surfaces and good impact
strength.

Storage modulus in a three point bendig experiment at 1 Hz

1010
Storage modulus E’ [Pa]

109

108
50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
Temperature [C°]

P84®NT1 P84®NT2 Competing PI PAI PEEK

Temperature ranges

1010
Storage modulus E’ [Pa]

109

Chart 1-2
High Stiffness of Polyimide P84®NT even above
300°C, relatively simple and economical pro-
cessing by sinter technologies above 350°C. 108
P84®NT2 is the high temperature type of this 150 200 250 300 350 400
material with glass transition temperature of Temperature [C°]
364°C

P84®NT1 P84®NT2 range of application processing temperature

3
 Developing a new polyimide material

Advantages of Polyimide P84®NT

To overcome the above-mentioned limitations, Parts made of Polyimide P84®NT are excellent per-
Evonik Fibres GmbH is now offering Polyimide formers in thermally and mechanically stressed ap-
P84®NT in powder or granulate form, which is pro- plications. This novel material features a high glass
cessable by employing common sinter technologies transition temperature of 337–364°C and a rigid
such as hot compression moulding or direct form- structure (3705 MPa flexural modulus, 188 MPa
ing. The high mechanical stability and the impact strength in a three-point-bending experiment),
resistance of P84®NT parts ensure good machinabil- combined with a high elongation at break of over 11
ity with standard tools. percent.

3-point-bending

200

150
Stress in MPa

100

50
Chart 3
Comparison of stress-strain-curves in
0 3-point-bending experiment (ISO178).
0 5 10 15 Polyimide P84®NT shows a wide area of
Strain in % elastic behaviour and high mechanical
stability.

P84®NT1 Competing PI

Selected properties

P84®NT1
Property Test method Unit P84®NT1 15G*

Tensile strength ISO 527 MPa 140 103

Tensile elongation at break ISO 527 % 10 6

Tensile modulus ISO 527 MPa 3581 3998

Compressive strength ISO 604 MPa 470 269

Compressive modulus ISO 604 % 1960 1878

Compression at break ISO 604 MPa 58 41

ISO 179-1/1eA notched kJ.m -2

6

Impact strength (Charpy) ISO 179-1/1eU unnotched kJ.m-2 40

1,8 MPa Method Af °C 319 335

Heat deflection temperature 0,45MPa Method B °C 343 345

Glass transition temperature Tg DSC °C 337

Electric strength AC ISO 60243-1 kV.mm-1 22

*P84®NT1 15G = Compound of P84 NT1 with 15% graphite

4
Simple processing of Polyimide P84®NT

Hot compression moulding

Big semi-finshed parts like plates, rods and tubes are produced by “Hot compression moulding” (HCM), applying
high pressure and temperature above the glass transition point (Tg) for some hours. The manufacturing of precise
components with high mechanical stability is done by machining these semi-finished parts. Processing parameters are
400kg/cm² pressure and 350-380°C temperature.

Direct forming
If a large quantity of small parts is to be produced cost efficiently and rapidly, Polyimide P84®NT powder can be pro-
cessed by means of direct forming. This technology includes the production of “green parts” at extremely high pres-
sure and ambient temperatures, with subsequent sintering in an external furnace. Processing is done at 3000kg/cm²
pressure and 350-380°C temperature. The sintered parts can be manufactured with a high degree of precision and re-
quire little or no machining before they are used. High stroke rates of up to 40 parts per minute are possible.

5
 Fillers adding function

Compounding
By blending it with functional fillers, plastics pro- Carbon fibres increase the stiffness of polyimide
cessors can adjust the properties of Polyimide parts. Polyimide is also used as matrix for abrasive
P84®NT to meet specific requirements. Solid lubri- material. Since Polyimide P84®NT is available as fine
cants such as graphite, molybdenum disulfide, or powder of 1-10 µm particle size, it can be used as
PTFE make components self-lubricating. Moreover, functional filler itself, improving creep resistance at
fillers affect the electrical and thermal conductivity elevated temperatures or decreasing frictional wear.
of polyimide compounds and have an impact on
thermal expansion.

Pin-on-disk experiment @ 20N load and 0.5m/s velocity on steel cronidur

Friction coefficient []
0,6
0 0,1 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,5

Competing PI 40G @ 300°C

P84®NT1 40G @ 300°C

Competing PI 15G 10P @ 250°C

P84®NT1 15G 10P @ 250°C

0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Relative wear [10-6.mm3/Nm]

Friction coefficient µ [] Relative wear [10-6.mm3/Nm] Chart 4

Comparable tribological behaviour of Polyimide P84 NT and other conventional
polyimides. Tested compounds have been 40G (polyimide with 40% graphite)
and 15G 10P (polyimide with 15% graphite and 10% PTFE).

7µm

Scanning electron micrograph (SEM) at 4000× magnification. Spherical particles of Polyimide P84®NT with smooth surface.

6
Benefitting from Polyimide P84®NT

Applications
Given the variability of its properties, the simple pro-
cessing of the raw material, and the good machinability
of parts with standard tools, Polyimide P84®NT is the
right choice for applications where plastics are used for
commercial or technical reasons and demands on tem-
perature stability are high.
For example, bushings made of a polyimide-graphite
compound are used as bearings for windscreen wipers —
for a lifetime of oil- and grease-free lubrication. Spacer
discs in gear boxes can be made by direct forming, in-
cluding all the necessary notches, thus minimizing post-
processing and ensuring high-temperature stability and
low wear. This new promising material is used in bush-
ings, seals, bearings components, guides, gear wheels,
and valve parts in the automotive and aerospace indus-
tries and in industrial equipment.

Product portfolio
Polyimide P84®NT is available as neat polymer as well as
blended with functional fillers. Standard compounds
contain 15% or 40% graphite, 15% MoS2 or 15%
graphite combined with 10% PTFE. Moreover, develop-
ing custom-tailored solutions with proprietary formula-
tions are possible.
 Legal References
This information and all further technical advice is
based on our present knowledge and experience.
However, it implies no liability or other legal re-
sponsibility on our part, including with regard to ex-
isting third party intellectual property rights, espe-
cially patent rights. In particular, no warranty,
whether express or implied, or guarantee of product
properties in the legal sense is intended or implied.
We reserve the right to make any changes according
to technological progress or further developments.
The customer is not released from the obligation to
conduct careful inspection and testing of incoming
goods. Performance of the product described herein
should be verified by testing, which should be car-
ried out only by qualified experts in the sole respon-
sibility of a customer. Reference to trade names
used by other companies is neither a recommenda-
tion, nor does it imply that similar products could
not be used.

Evonik Fibres GmbH

Gewerbepark 4
4861 Schörfling am Attersee
Austria
phone  +43 7672 701-2867
fax  +43 7672 92046
www.­p84nt.com