Lembar Perhitungan
Lembar Perhitungan
Lembar Perhitungan
Kebutuhan NaOH
𝑔𝑟 1000
N = 𝐵𝑀 𝑥 𝑥 𝑘𝑎𝑑𝑎𝑟 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻
𝑉
𝑔𝑟 1000 𝑚𝐿
0,3 = 40 𝑔𝑟/𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑥 𝑥 98%
500 𝑚𝐿
gr = 6,12 gram
Densitas CH3COOH
Massa pikno kosong = 20,44 gr
Massa CH3COOH + pikno = 46,69 gr
Massa CH3COOH = 26,25 gr
𝑚 26,25 𝑔𝑟
ρ CH3COOH = = = 1,05 𝑔𝑟/𝑚𝐿
𝑉 25 𝑚𝐿
Densitas CH3OH
Massa pikno kosong = 20,44 gr
Massa CH3OH + pikno = 40,24 gr
Massa CH3OH = 20,20 gr
𝑚 19,8 𝑔𝑟
ρ CH3OH = = = 0,792 𝑔𝑟/𝑚𝐿
𝑉 25 𝑚𝐿
Densitas H2SO4
Massa pikno kosong = 20,44 gr
Massa H2SO4 + pikno = 65,21 gr
Massa H2SO4 = 44,77 gr
𝑚 44,77 𝑔𝑟
ρ H2SO4 = = = 1,7908 𝑔𝑟/𝑚𝐿
𝑉 25 𝑚𝐿
B-1
P0
Densitas HCl
Massa pikno kosong = 20,44 gr
Massa HCl + pikno = 49,94 gr
Massa HCl = 29,5 gr
𝑚 29,5 𝑔𝑟
ρ HCl = = = 1,18 𝑔𝑟/𝑚𝐿
𝑉 25 𝑚𝐿
Kebutuhan HCl
Variabel 1 (HCl 0,15 N)
𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑔𝑟
𝑁 𝑥 𝐵𝑀 𝑥 𝑉 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑠 0,15 𝑥 36,5 𝑥 210 𝑚𝐿
𝐿 𝑚𝑜𝑙
V HCl = = 𝑔𝑟 = 3,89 mL
𝜌 𝑥 % 𝑥 1000 1,18 𝑥 25% 𝑥 1000
𝑚𝐿
Kebutuhan H2SO4
Variabel 1 (H2SO4 0,15 N)
𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑔𝑟
𝑁 𝑥 𝐵𝑀 𝑥 𝑉 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑖𝑠 0,15 𝑥 98,079 𝑥 210 𝑚𝐿
𝐿 𝑚𝑜𝑙
V H2SO4= = 𝑔𝑟 = 0,889mL
𝜌 𝑥 % 𝑥 1000 1,7908 𝑥 97% 𝑥 1000
𝑚𝐿
Perbandingan mol
Asam Asetat : Methanol = 1: 3
(ρ.V)Methanol
3 𝑥96%
BM Methanol
= (ρ.V) As.Asetat
1 𝑥96%
BM As.Asetat
0,792 x V Methanol
1 32,04
= 1,05 x V As.Asetat
8
60,05
B-2
P0
Variabel 2
Variabel 1 (Katalis H2SO4 0,15 N)
V total = V H2SO4 + V As. Asetat + V Methanol
V total – V H2SO4 = V As. Asetat + V Methanol
210 ml – 0,889 ml = V As. Asetat + V Methanol
209,11 ml = V As. Asetat + V Methanol
Perbandingan mol
(ρ.V)Methanol
3 𝑥96%
BM Methanol
= (ρ.V) As.Asetat
1 𝑥96%
BM As.Asetat
0,792 x V Methanol
1 32,04
= 1,05 x V As.Asetat
8
60,05
B-3
P0
LEMBAR PERHITUNGAN
b. Cmethanol0 (CB0 )
ρ × V × kadar × 1000
CB0 =
BM × V total
𝑔𝑟
0,792 𝑚𝐿 × 140,2 mL × 96% × 1000
CB0 = 𝑔𝑟
32,042 𝑚𝑜𝑙 × 210 mL
𝐶 15,841
c. 𝑀 = 𝐶𝐵0 = = 3,007
𝐴0 5,268
2. Konversi
a. CA
(V × N)NaOH − Vsampel × NHCl
CA =
Vsampel
(V × 0,3)NaOH − 5 × 0,15
CA =
5
V × 0,3 − 0,75
CA =
5
CA = 0,06V − 0,15
b. XA
CA
XA = 1 −
C A0
B-4
P0
3. ΔH dan ΔG
CH3COOH + CH3OH ↔CH3COOCH3 + H2O
∆G°f reaksi = ∆G°f produk - ∆G°f reaktan
∆H°f 298= (∆H°f 298 CH3COOCH3 + ∆H°f 298 H2O)-(∆H°f 298 CH3COOH + ∆H°f
298 CH3OH)
= (-445890 - 285830) - (-484500 - 238660)
= -8560 J/mol
Maka:
∆G°f 298 = (∆G°f 298 CH3COOCH3 + ∆G°f 298 H2O)-(∆G°f 298 CH3COOH + ∆G°f
298 CH3OH)
= (- 324200 - 237129) - (- 389900 - 166270)
= - 5159 J/mol
Dari persamaan Van’t Hoff:
∆G°f 298 = −RT ln K
∆G°298
ln K =
RT
1
− (−5159 mol)
ln K = 1
8,314 mol K ∙ 298 K
K = 8,0227
Suhu operasi = 50°C, maka harga K pada suhu operasi 50°C (323 K):
B-5
P0
K 323 ∆H°298 1 1
ln =− ( − ′)
K 298 R T T
1
K 323 (−8560) mol 1 1
ln =− 1 ( − )K
K 298 8,314 323 298
mol K
K 330
ln = −0,126187
8,0227
K 330 = 7,0716
Pada saat kesetimbangan,
CC ∙ CD (CA0 XA )(CA0 XA )
QC = =
CA ∙ CB (CA0 (1 − XA )) ∙ (CB0 − CA0 XA )
(XAe )2
QC =
(1 − XAe ) ∙ (M − XAe )
(0,532)2
QC =
(1 − 0,532) ∙ (3,007 − 0,532)
QC = 0,244
2
dXA CB (CA0 × XA )
CA0 × = k1 (CA0 (1 − XA )CA0 ( 0 − XA ) − )
dt CA0 𝐾
dXA CB XA 2
CA0 × = k1 CA0 2 ((1 − XA ) × ( 0 − XA ) − )
dt CA0 𝐾
B-6
P0
dXA CB0 XA 2
)
= k1 CA0 ((1 − XA × ( − XA ) − )
dt CA0 K
dXA XA 2
= k1 CA0 ((1 − XA ) × (M − XA ) − )
dt K
dXA XA 2
= k1 × 5,268 ((1 − XA ) × (3,007 − XA ) − )
dt 7,0716
dXA 1
= k1 × 5,268 (3,007 − 4,007XA + XA 2 − XA 2)
dt 7,0716
dXA
= 5,268k1 (0,8586XA 2 − 4,007XA + 3,007)
dt
dXA
= 4,5231k1 (XA 2 − 4,6669XA + 3,5022)
dt
XA 𝑡
1 dXA
∫ = k 1 ∫ 𝑑𝑡
4,5231 0 (XA 2 − 4,6669XA + 3,5022) 0
B-7
P0
(X −A)(−B)
𝛼𝑙𝑛 [(XA −B)(−A)] dapat diasumsikan sebagai y, sedangkan k1 dan t masing-
A
b. Cmethanol0 (CB0 )
ρ × V × kadar × 1000
CB0 =
BM × V total
𝑔𝑟
0,792 𝑚𝐿 × 142,25 mL × 0,96 × 1000
CB0 = 𝑔𝑟
32,042 𝑚𝑜𝑙 × 210 mL
B-8
P0
𝐶 15,841
c. 𝑀 = 𝐶𝐵0 = = 3,007
𝐴0 5,268
2. Konversi
c. CA
(V × N)NaOH − Vsampel × NHCl
CA =
Vsampel
(V mL × 0,3 N)NaOH − 5 mL × 0,15 N
CA =
5 mL
0,3V mL. N − 0,75 mL. N
CA =
5 mL
CA = 0,06V N − 0,15 N
d. XA
CA
XA = 1 −
C A0
3. ΔH dan ΔG
CH3COOH + CH3OH ↔CH3COOCH3 + H2O
∆G°f reaksi = ∆G°f produk - ∆G°f reaktan
B-9
P0
Maka:
∆G°f 298 = (∆G°f 298 CH3COOCH3 + ∆G°f 298 H2O)-(∆G°f 298 CH3COOH + ∆G°f
298 CH3OH)
= (- 324200 - 237129) - (- 389900 - 166270)
= - 5159 J/mol
Dari persamaan Van’t Hoff:
∆G°f 298 = −RT ln K
∆G°298
ln K =
RT
1
− (−5159 mol)
ln K = 1
8,314 mol K ∙ 298 K
K = 8,0227
Suhu operasi = 50°C, maka harga K pada suhu operasi 50°C (323 K):
K 323 ∆H°298 1 1
ln =− ( − ′)
K 298 R T T
1
K 323 (−8560) mol 1 1
ln =− 1 ( − )K
K 298 8,314 323 298
mol K
K 330
ln = −0,126187
8,0227
K 330 = 7,0716
Pada saat kesetimbangan,
CC ∙ CD (CA0 XA )(CA0 XA )
QC = =
CA ∙ CB (CA0 (1 − XA )) ∙ (CB0 − CA0 XA )
(XAe )2
QC =
(1 − XAe ) ∙ (M − XAe )
(0,5756)2
QC =
(1 − 0,5756) ∙ (3,0077 − 0,5756)
QC = 0,320985
B-10
P0
2
dXA CB (CA0 × XA )
CA0 × = k1 (CA0 (1 − XA )CA0 ( 0 − XA ) − )
dt CA0 𝐾
dXA 2 CB0 XA 2
CA0 × = k1 CA0 ((1 − XA ) × ( − XA ) − )
dt CA0 𝐾
dXA CB0 XA 2
= k1 CA0 ((1 − XA ) × ( − XA ) − )
dt CA0 K
dXA XA 2
= k1 CA0 ((1 − XA ) × (M − XA ) − )
dt K
dXA XA 2
= k1 × 5,3411 ((1 − XA ) × (3,0077 − XA ) − )
dt 7,0716
dXA 1
= k1 × 5,3411 (3,0077 − 4,0077XA + XA 2 − X 2)
dt 7,0716 A
dXA
= 5,3411k1 (0,8586XA 2 − 4,0077XA + 3,0077)
dt
dXA
= 4,5859k1 (XA 2 − 4,6677XA + 3,5030)
dt
XA 𝑡
1 dXA
∫ = k1 ∫ 𝑑𝑡
4,5859 0 (XA 2 − 4,6677XA + 3,5030) 0
B-11
P0
XA t
dXA
∫ = 4,5859k1 ∫ dt
0 (X A 2 − 4,6677XA + 3,5030) 0
XA t
dXA
∫ = 4,5859k1 ∫ dt
0 (X A − 3,7280)(XA − 0,9396) 0
XA XA
A B
∫ dXA + ∫ dXA = 4,5859k1 t
0 XA − 3,7280 0 X A − 0,9396
(X −A)(−B)
𝛼𝑙𝑛 [(XA −B)(−A)] dapat diasumsikan sebagai y, sedangkan k1 dan t masing-
A
B-12