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    Actual Stresses:: Design of Flexural Members

    Uploaded by

    Mark Lehi Palmes
    1. The document provides information on the design of flexural members and axially loaded members made of timber, including calculations for determining actual and allowable stresses under bending and shear loads. 2. It also gives equations for classifying short, intermediate, and long columns based on their slenderness ratio, and calculating allowable compressive stresses. 3. Revisions to the allowable stress equations are provided in the NSCP 2015 standards, including adjustments for modulus of elasticity and consideration of combined bending and axial loads.

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    Actual Stresses:: Design of Flexural Members

    Uploaded by

    Mark Lehi Palmes
    154 views3 pages
    1. The document provides information on the design of flexural members and axially loaded members made of timber, including calculations for determining actual and allowable stresses under bending and shear loads. 2. It also gives equations for classifying short, intermediate, and long columns based on their slenderness ratio, and calculating allowable compressive stresses. 3. Revisions to the allowable stress equations are provided in the NSCP 2015 standards, including adjustments for modulus of elasticity and consideration of combined bending and axial loads.

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    Design New

    Original Title

    Timber Design

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    1. The document provides information on the design of flexural members and axially loaded members made of timber, including calculations for determining actual and allowable stresses under bending and shear loads. 2. It also gives equations for classifying short, intermediate, and long columns based on their slenderness ratio, and calculating allowable compressive stresses. 3. Revisions to the allowable stress equations are provided in the NSCP 2015 standards, including adjustments for modulus of elasticity and consideration of combined bending and axial loads.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    154 views3 pages

    Actual Stresses:: Design of Flexural Members

    Uploaded by

    Mark Lehi Palmes
    1. The document provides information on the design of flexural members and axially loaded members made of timber, including calculations for determining actual and allowable stresses under bending and shear loads. 2. It also gives equations for classifying short, intermediate, and long columns based on their slenderness ratio, and calculating allowable compressive stresses. 3. Revisions to the allowable stress equations are provided in the NSCP 2015 standards, including adjustments for modulus of elasticity and consideration of combined bending and axial loads.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 3

    Kinetic review center

    3/F Catalina Building, Sarangani Rockmixer Compound


    Salvani Street, Brgy. City Heights, General Santos City

    TIMBER DESIGN

    DESIGN OF FLEXURAL MEMBERS Should necessary, E is adjusted using the coefficient


    of variability, Cv, Hence, the following is used
    Actual stresses: E' = E ( 1 - Cv ) or
    fb = Mc ,Actual Bending E' = E ( 1 - 1.65Cv )
    I
    VQ Cs = 0.25 for VSG, 0.11 for MSG
    fv = ,Actual Shear Stress
    Ib Effective Length, Le
    For Rectangular Shape:
    fb = 6M2 ,Actual Bending
    bd
    fv = 3V ,Actual Shear Stress
    2bd

    Allowable Stresses
    NSCP 2001 - 2010
    Fb, Fv = available stress of timber per NSCP Shear:
    table of wood stresses for either Visually Stress Adjusted due to notching
    Grade Timber and Machine Stress Grade Timber
    fv = 3V ( d )
    2bd d'
    Bending:
    d = total depth of the beam
    1. Size Adjustment Factor, Cf: d' = actual depth at notch
    Fb'' = FbCf
    DESIGN OF AXIALLY LOADED MEMBERS

    Cf = 1.0 For beams with width < 125mm 1. Function of Column:


    and depth < 300 mm Limiting criteria = Buckling Ratio
    1
    300 9 Le
    Cf = Otherwise d
    d

    A. Short Column, Cs < 11


    2. Function of Beam:
    Limiting criteria = Slenderness ratio Fc' = Fc

    Cs = L e2d B. Intermediate Column, 11 < Le/d < K


    b
    K = 0.671 E
    A. Short Beam, Cs < 10 Fc
    Fb' = Fb
    1 Le/d 4
    Minimum between this value and Fb'' Fb' = Fb 1 - ( )
    3 K
    B. Short Beam, 10 < Cs < Ck
    C. Long Beam, Le/d > K
    Ck = 0.811 E
    Fb
    0.30E
    Fb' =
    (Le/d)2
    1 Cs 4
    Fb' = Fb 1 - ( ) Effective Length, Le
    3 Ck Le = KLu with K equals to below

    Minimum between this value and Fb''


    C. Long Beam, Ck < Cs < 50

    0.438E
    Fb' =
    Cs 2
    Minimum between this value and Fb''
    D. NOT ALLOWED BY CODE, Cs > 50
    Kinetic review center
    3/F Catalina Building, Sarangani Rockmixer Compound
    Salvani Street, Brgy. City Heights, General Santos City

    TIMBER DESIGN

    Allowable Stresses - Bending 2. Flexure and Compression


    NSCP 2015
    f c f b < 1.0
    Fba := Fb ⋅ CL +
    F'c F'b- Jf c

    Where: Le
    - 11
    d
    CL := 1 if Lat = "YES" J= , 0 < J < 1.0
    K - 11
    1 + Fbe 1 + Fbe Fbe
    2

     Fb −  Fb − Fb


     1.9  1.9  0.95  otherwise
    Practice Problems:

    1.20Emin Situation 1:
    Fbe := A simply supported timber beam has a span of 6m
    Rb
    2 long and carries a uniformly distributed load of 25
    kN/m over its entire span. This load already
    Emin := E0.05 ⋅
    1.03 includes an allowance for beam weight. The timber
    1.66 is 80% stress grade VSG Apitong. The allowable
    deflection is 1/240 of the span. Using working
    (
    E0.05 := E ⋅ 1 − 1.645COVE ) stresses Fb = 16.50 Mpa and Fv = 1.73 Mpa and
    E=7.31x103MPa. calculate the smallest dimension
    Rb= L e2d of beam for the following condition:
    b
    1. the allowable shear stress is not exceeded.
    2. the allowable bending stress is not exceeded.
    Allowable Stresses - Axial (Compression)
    3. the allowable deflection is not exceeded.
    NSCP 2015
    4. If a 200 mm x 310 mm beam is used, is the
    beam still efficient using NSCP 2015?
    Fca  Fc  CP

    Situation 2:
    Where: A square timber column with dimension B = 150
    mm has height of 3.60 m. The column is fixed at
    both ends (effective length factor = 0.67). the
    timber is 80% stress grade Apitong. the properties
    of structural timber of Philippine woods are given
    in the Table.

    1. What is the classification of this column?


    1.20Emin 2. What is the allowable compressive stress in MPa?
    Fbe := 3. What is the maximum compressive load in kN?
    (Le/d) 2
    4. Using NSCP 2015, determine the maximum comp.
    load the beam could carry.
    1.03
    Emin := E0.05 ⋅ Situation 3:
    1.66
    A 200mm x 400mm, 6m simply supported timber
    (
    E0.05 := E ⋅ 1 − 1.645COVE ) beam is to be designed to carry a uniform load
    throughout its length. The timber is 80% stress
    grade Apitong.
    Combined Flexure and Axial 1. Find the slenderness constant of the beam.
    1. Flexure and Tension a.) 12.62 b.) 10.91 c.) 10.47 d.) 10.73
    2. Find the adjusted allowable bending stress (MPa).
    f t f b < 1.0
    + a.) 15.15 b.) 16.27 c.) 11.71 d.) 15.21
    Ft Fb
    3. Find the maximum safe uniformly distributed load
    the beam could carry without exceeding bending
    Ft =Fb , For Most Cases stress.
    f t = unit stress parallel to grain a.) 18.9 b.) 18.2 c.) 17.69 d.) 19.1
    Kinetic review center
    3/F Catalina Building, Sarangani Rockmixer Compound
    Salvani Street, Brgy. City Heights, General Santos City

    TIMBER DESIGN

    Situation 4: 1. Find the maximum x.


    A cantilever beam 3m long has its end resting on a 2. Find the safest y. Use Hankenson's Formula
    rigid support and carries a uniform load of 100 3. Determine the stress in member AC.
    kg/m its section in the form of an I beam by four
    50mm x 200mm planks as shown on Figure 2. 200 mm

    1. Find the moment of inertia of the section.


    Ans: 383 x 10 6 mm4
    2. Considering bending what is the maximum load 200 mm
    P the beam could carry at its mid-span if the
    allowable bending stress is 12.5 MPa

    Ans: 18.33 kN

    3. Considering bending and shearing stres, what is the


    maximum concentrated load on mid-span the beam 50mm x 200 mm
    could carry? Figure 2
    Ans: 15 kN

    Situation 5:
    A 50mm x 200mm Guijo floor joist carries a dead
    load of 2000 N/m2 excluding its own weight and a
    live load of 2500 N/m2. the span of the joist is 3.6
    and the deflection is limited to 1/300 of the span.
    The wight of joist is 7.5 kN/m3. Fb' = 15.8 Mpa, Fv'
    = 0.90 Mpa, E = 13800 Mpa. Assume no impact on
    LL. use dressed dimensions equal to 38mm x
    184mm.

    1. Consider bending, find the theoritical


    maximum joist spacing.
    Ans: 450 mm
    2. Considering shear find the theoritical maximum
    spacing
    Ans: 510 mm

    Situation 6:
    A wooden members in the simple truss as shown
    have the following capacities:

    Shear parallel to grain = 1 Mpa


    Compression Parallel to grain = 11 Mpa
    Compression Perpendicular to Grain = 5 MPa
    20 kN

    0.75m

    y A C
    100mm x 150 mm

    x 1.2m 1.2m

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