Nutrition 3

DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
QUESTION BANK
II nd Year B.V.Sc. and A.H.
Course No : ANN-221 Credits : 2+1=3
Title : Livestock feeding ( Applied Nutrition -I )
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Fill
in the blanks.
1. In his feeding standards------------ for first time considered the composition of milk in
deciding the nutrient requirement for milk production. (Haecker )
2. Proximate principle viz. ---------- is not considered in estimating TDN value of feed.
( Total ash )
3. True digestibility of protein is always -------- than the apparent digestibility . (More )
4. Colostrum is lower in ----------- content than milk. (Lactose )
5. Colostrum is valuable for newborn for its -------- content. ( Antibody / Immunoglobulin )
6. CP content of broiler starter feed is ------ than the broiler finisher feed. ( More )
7. Cotton seed cake contains anti-nutritional factor known as ---------. ( Gossypol )
8. Fish meal is a good source of ----------- amino acids. (Essential )
9. ---------- is commonly used NPN source used in livestock feeding. ( Urea )
10. ---- is an example of laboratory animal used in nutritional experiments. ( Rat/ Mice /
Guinea pig )
11. -------- and --- are the sulfur containing amino acids in the ration of mono-gastric
animals. ( Methionine and cystine )
12. Finisher broilers are supplied with ----------- energy in feed than broiler starter. (More
)
13. Nutritive value of tree leaves is affected generally by its anti-nutritional viz.-------------.
(Tannin )
14. Proximate principle viz. ----------is not considered in the estimation of TDN value of
feed. ( NFE )
15. Raw soybean contains anti-nutritional factor known as ----------.( Trypsin inhibitor )
16. Nutritive value of cereal grains is-------- than leguminous seeds.(Wider )
17. Cellulose cannot be digested normally by ---- species. ( Non-ruminant / Monogastric
animals )
18. ---------- is an example of internal indicator used in digestibility studies. ( Silica /
Lignin )
19. Grower chick requires --------- protein in the ration than starter. (Less )
20. ------------- is a purified source of fat. (Oil )
21. ------------- is a purified source of carbohydrates. ( Starch )
22. ------------- is a purified source of protein. (Casein )
23. Fat produces ----------- times more energy when compared with that of carbohydrates.
(2.25 )
24. Daily DM intake of lactating cross bred cow is in range of -------------- kg. ( 2-2.5 ) 25.
Heat increment value of roughage is ---------- than that of concentrate in ruminants.
( More )
26. Nutritional disorder observed in piglets due to iron deficiency is known as ------------.
( Piglet anemia )
27. Crazy chick disease is caused due to deficiency of -----. ( Pyridoxin / Vitamin -B6 )
28. ------ is an example of good binding agent used commonly in livestock feeds.
( Molasses )
29. ----- feeding standards are better for Indian Livestock. ( Indian / ICAR / Sen and Ray,
Ranjhan )
30. ---- experiment is preferred for meat type of studies. ( Slaughter )
31. -------- is a biological protein source. ( Casein / Albumin)
32. Calcium requirement of chick mash is ------- than layer mash. (Lower )
33. ------ is anti-nutritional factor present in salseed meal. ( Tannin )
34. Subabul seeds contain anti-nutritional factor known as --------. ( Mimosine )
35. Physiological fuel values are otherwise known as ------ . ( Atwaters physiological fuel
values )
36. The percent DM consumption in a young growing calf is--------- than that of adult cows.
( More )
37. Total nutrient requirement for growth is --------- than the maintenance requirement of
same species. ( more )
38. Energy concentration of solvent extracted oil seed cake is relatively ---- as compared to
expeller processed oil seed cakes. ( Lower )
39. Toxicity of dietary lysine is overcome by increasing the level of ------. ( Arginin )
40. The duration of collection period mandatory in conducting digestion and metabolism
trials is ---------. ( 7 to 10 days )
41. Mahua seedcake contains anti-nutritional factor ------.( Mowrin )
42. Babul seed powder contains anti-nutritional factor ------. (Mimosin )
43. Guar seed meal contains anti-nutritional factor ------. (Saponin )
44. Mango seed kernel contains anti-nutritional factor -------------. ( Tannin )
45. Water hyacinth contains anti-nutritional factor -------------. (Oxalates )
46. Pregnancy allowance is recommended during --------- of pregnancy. ( Last one third )
47. Fungal toxin, viz. ----- is likely to be present in poorely stored groundnut cake.
( Aflatoxins )
Define the following

1. Roughages
2. Concentrates
3. Total digestible nutrients
4. Pre-experimental period
5. Feeding schedule
6. Thumb rule
7. Creep mixture
8. Digestibility
9. Flushing
10. Steaming up
11. Ration
12. Balanced ration
13. Growth
14. Piglet anemia
15. Maintenance
16. Browsing
17. Scavenging
18. Stringy wool
19. By-pass protein
20. Milk fever
21. Piglet anemia
Answer in one sentence

1. Name one amino acid and one mineral concerned with healthy wool production.
Ans : Methionine or Cystine amino acid and Copper mineral
2. State two protein concentrate sources of plant origin used in buffalo feeding.
Ans : Groundnut cake / Cotton seed cake /Sunflower cake
3. Name deficiency factor responsible for piglet anemia.
Ans : Iron
4. Name any two laboratory animals used for nutritional trials / experiments.
Ans : Rat / Rabbit/ Mice / Guinea pigs
5. State two important characters of ideal indicator used for digestibility study.
i) It should be inert in the digestive tract .
ii) It should not have any pharmacological action. iii) It
should be non-absorbable .
6. Name one internal indicator and one external indicator.
Ans :Inter indicator : Silica / Lignin
External indicator : Chromic oxide
7. How much urea can be incorporated in the concentrate mixture of cows according to
B.I.S.
Ans : 2 %
8. Name two animal origin protein sources.
Ans : Fish meal / Meat meal / Blood meal.
9. Name two chemicals used to improve the nutritive value of poor quality roughages.
Ans : NaOH / Urea
10. Enlist the dietary essential vitamins for dairy cows.
Ans : Vitamin A, D and E
11. Name sulfur containing amino acid.
Ans : Methionine and cystine
12. Name anti-nutritional factor present in raw soybean.
Ans : Anti-trypsin
13. Name anti-nutritional factor present in cotton seed cake.
Ans : Gossypol
14. Name anti-nutritional factor present in salseed meal.
Ans : Tannin
15. Name anti-nutritional factor present in water hyacinth.
Ans : Oxalates
16. Name anti-nutritional factor present in Kokam seed cake.
Ans : Tannin
17. Name anti-nutritional factor present in Mango seed kernel.
Ans : Tannin
18. Name anti-nutritional factor present in linseed cake.
Ans : Linamarin
19. Name anti-nutritional factor present in sugar cane tops.
Ans : Oxalates
20. Write two examples of NPN sources.
Ans : Urea / Bi-urets /Amines/Amides/Nitrates/ Nitrites 21.
Protein sources for broiler starter.
Ans : Ground nut cake / Soybean meal / Fish meal 22.
Energy sources for broiler starter.
Ans : Maize / Jowar / Molasses/ Oils
23. Give one example each of wide and narrow nutritive ratio feed stuff.
Ans : Wide nutritive ratio : Straws/ Stovers
Narrow nutritive ratio : Oil seed cakes
24. Give two examples of feeding standards based on Net Energy content of feed.
Ans :National Research Council standard / Morrison feeding standards 25. Name two
components of heat increment in animal body.
Ans :Heat of fermentation / Heat of nutrient metabolism/ Work of digestion 26.
Give one important factor influencing M.F.N. excretion.
Ans : Dry matter intake
27. State any one formula for estimating digestibility by indicator method.
Ans : Digestibility of nutrient
= 100-  100 X % indicator in feed X % nutrient in feces )
% indicator in feces % nutrient in feed
28. Name one of the terms used to express energy value of feed.
Ans : Metabolizable / Digestible / Net energy / TDN.
29. Name two mineral supplements.
Ans : Limestone powder/ Di-calcium phosphate.
30. Give two examples of comparative feeding standards.
Ans : Hay standard and Scandinavian feed unit standard
31. Give two examples of unconventional feed resources.
Ans : Mango seed kernel / Kokam seed cake / Rubber seed cake / Niger seed cake.
32. Give two examples of methods of poultry feeding.
Ans : Mash feeding / Pellet feeding / Restricted feeding
33. Give two examples of unconventional feed resources with their anti-nutritional factor
.Ans : Mangoseed kernel : Tannin
Kokam seed cake : Tannin
Water hyacinth : Oxalic acid
34.Name two calcium sources used in preparing mineral mixture.
Ans :Limestone / Dicalcium phosphate 35.Write
two purified sources of protein.
Ans : Casein, Albumin
36.Write down the formula for nutritive ratio.
Nutritive Ratio = (%DEE2.25) + % DNFE+ % DCF
_____________________________
%DCP
37.Name the skin abnormality observed in growing pigs due to zinc deficiency in ration.
Ans : Parakeratosis
38. State the rate of milk feeding in general to growing calves during , first two weeks of life.
Ans : One tenth of body weight of calve.
39. Name the mineral, the deficiency of which, causes milk fever in high yielding cows.
Ans : Calcium
40.Write the anti-nutritional factor present in Babul seed powder.
Ans : Tannin
41. Name anti-nutritional factor present in Guar meal.
Ans : Anti-trypsin, Gum
42. Give an example for non-conventional energy supplement.
Ans ; Salssed meal / Tapioca thippi
43.State best period of feeding and scale of feeding of colostrums in new born calf.
Ans : Within 24 hrs after birth.
One tenth of body weight
44.State two energy concentrate source of plant origin used in buffalo.
Ans : Maize grain / Jowar grain/ Rice kani
45.Write the contribution of the following scientists in developing feeding standards
a. Albert Thaer : Hay Equivqlent
b. Emilvon Wolff : Feeding standards based on digestible nutrients.
c. Haecker : Feeding standards based on quantity and quality of milk.
d.Savage : Out of total dry matter requirement two third requirement of dry matter should be
met by feeding roughages and remaining one third from concentrates.
e. Armsby : feeding standards based on Net Energy values and true protein.
Give reasons
1. Colostrum is superior than milk in its nutritive value.
Ans : Colostrum provides immuno-globulin to new born.
2.Vitamin D supplements are not dietary essential for growing animals in tropical countries.
Ans : By irradiation , the 7- dehydrocholesterol present in the skin is converted into Vitamin
– D3 .
3. In poultry ME requirements are approximately 18 % higher than the NE requirements .
Why ?
Ans : Specific Dynamic Action of feed ( carbohydrates, fat, protein is 18% )
4.Simple chemical analysis is incomplete measure to evaluate nutritive value of feed.
Ans : Simple chemical analysis of feed does not gives any idea regarding digestibility of
feed .
5. Vitamins of B-complex group are added to poultry feeds but not cattle feeds. Ans : Cattle
can synthesize all the B-complex group of vitamins with the help of rumen micro-
organisms present in the rumen .
6. Antibiotics are not added to cattle feeds.
Ans : Antibiotics suppress the rumen micro-flora.
7. The maintenance requirement of milch cow is 10-15 % higher than that of dry cows , Why
?
Ans : Basal Metabolic Rate of milch cow is higher.
8. Chicken require glycine also as essential amino acids . Why ?
Ans : Glycine is required for bio-synthesis of uric acid., fat, protein ) is 18%.
Answer the following

1. State the DCP and TDN requirement for maintenance for 400 kg cow as feeding standard.
2.Name the minerals which if deficient are responsible for lactation tetany and milk fever in
bovines.
3. State requirement of TDN and DCP for 4% FCM production as per feeding standard in
crossbred
4. State two important limiting essential amino acids in layer diet.
5.Give two examples of by product from sugar industry.
6.State the efficiency of conversion of gross energy of feed into milk and egg production.
7. Give two examples of sulfur containing amino acid important in feeding of sheep.
8.State one essential amino acid and one done trace mineral concern with healthy wool
production.
9. State two examples of un-conventional vegetable protein source.
10. State two examples of un-conventional vegetable energy source.
11. State two examples of un-conventional animal origin protein source.
12.State deficiency factor responsible for piglet anemia.
13.Write two purified sources of protein.
14.Name two laboratory animals used in nutritional trials.
15. Give example of calcium supplement in poultry ration.
Answer key:
1.DCP—0.254 kg, TDN- 3.03 kg
2. Magnesium, Calcium
3. DCP—0.045 kg, TDN- 0.32 kg
4. Methionine, Lysine , Threonine
5. Molasses, Bagasse
6.
7. Methionine and Cystein
8. Methionine and Cysteine, Copper and Cobalt
9. Niger seed cake, Kokam seed cake
10. Mango seed kernel, Salseed meal, Tapioca thippi
11. Feather meal, Hatchery waste, Blood meal, Frog meal
12. Iron
13. Casein and Albumin
14. Rat , Mice, Rabbit, Guinea pig
15. Dicalcium phosphate, Lime stone powder, Shell grit, Bone meal, Deflourinated rock
phosphate.
11.
State whether true or false
1. Straws are less digestibility than hays. (True )
2. The collection period in ruminant is of longer duration than in pigs and poultry. ( True )
3. Heat increment is more on high roughages feeding. (True )
4. Addition of molasses or grains to a ration containing urea , helps in better utilization of
urea by animal. (True )
5. Cobalt mineral is involved in the synthesis of vitamin B12. ( True )
6. Cooking of grains does not increase its digestibility in ruminants. ( True) 7. Maintenance
ration is given for rapid weight gains. ( False ) Corrected : Maintenance ration is given
for maintenance of body.
7. Colostrum is more valuable in newborn calves for its sugar content. (False) Corrected :
Colostrum is more valuable in newborn calves for its antibody content.
8. CP content is more than DCP content of same feed. ( True )
9. Efficiency of conversion of feed to animal origin products is more in broiler birds than
the layers. ( True )
10. Rate of excretion of MFN is controlled by DM intake by the animals. (True )
11. Antibiotic type feed additives are objected for its side effects. ( True )
12. Green berseem should be fed ad libitum to high yielding cows without supplementing
any dry roughages. (False )
Ans : Green berseem should be fed ad libitum to high yielding cows by supplementing any
dry roughages
13. Crude fibre is one of the chief constitute of wool.(False) Ans : Protein is one of the chief
constitute of wool.
14. Young animals make more efficient gains than do older animals. (True)
15. A cow on a ration low in calcium will produce milk, which is lower in this mineral.
( False )
Ans : A cow on a ration low in calcium will produce milk, which is not lower in this
mineral.
16. Energy is the principle requirement for fattening. ( True )
17. A cow on a ration low in quality of protein will produce milk, which is low in protein
quality.(False )
Corrected : A cow on a ration low in quality of protein will produce milk which is not low in
protein quality.
18. Almost all the farm produced feeds should be supplemented with salt for livestock .
( True )
19. Extra feeding of pregnant cows should be done after nine months of pregnancy. ( False )
Corrected : Extra feeding of pregnant cows should be done after six months of pregnancy.
20. Crude fibre in adult pigs diet must not be more than 15%. ( True )
21. Casein is used as purified protein source in nutritional experiments. ( True )
22. Methionine is essential amino acid for poultry. (True )
23. Mode of action of antibiotics and probiotics is same when used as feed additives. (False
)
Corrected : Mode of action of antibiotics and probiotics is not same when used as feed
additives.
24. Fish meal is used in poultry mainly for its good quality protein. ( True ) 25. Vitamin D
supplements in feed is not required for layer poultry bird. ( False ) Corrected : Vitamin
D supplements in feed is required for layer poultry bird.
26. Probiotics are feed additives generally preferred more than antibiotics in feeding of farm
animals. (True )
27.Level of DM intake of the animals has no effect on the rate of excretion of MFN.
( False )
Corrected : Level of DM intake of the animals has effect on the rate of excretion of MFN.
28.Di-calcium phosphate is good source of calcium and phosphorus minerals . (True )
29.LSP is a good source of calcium. (True )
30.Starch equivalent value indicates fat producing power of the feed stuff. (True ) 31.
Level of DM intake by the animal influences its EUN value . (False ) Corrected :
Level of DM intake by the animal influences its MFN value .
32.Pregnancy allowance should be fed during last trimester of gestation. ( True )
33. Total nutrient requirement during last three months of pregnancy is less than
maintenance allowance of the animal. (False )
Corrected : Total nutrient requirement during last three months of pregnancy is more than
maintenance requirement of the animal.
34.Ruminants getting ad lib green fodder in their ration are required to be supplemented with
vitamin -A. (False )
Corrected : Ruminants getting ad lib green fodder in their ration are not required to be
supplemented with vitamin -A.
35. Vitamin -D is not dietary essential for grazing animal in tropical country.(True )
36.Colostrum is more valuable for its immunoglobulin content . (True )
37.. Feed conversion of layers is less than broilers. (True )
38. Rabbit is herbivores laboratory animals. (True )
39. Poultry feeds without animal protein source can be prepared. (True )
40. For better utilization Semisolid feed should be given to the pigs. (True )
41. Microbial proteins are deficient In Methionine and lysine. (True )
42.NRC feeding standards are not suitable for Indian (Zebu) cattle. (True )
Match the pairs .

A B
1. Green fodder a) Gossypol
2. Cotton seed cake b) Bagasses
3. Urea molasses treatment c)Groundnut cake
4. Aflatoxin d)Digestibility studies by indicator
5. Pasture consumption e)Carotene
1.e, 2. a, 3. b , 4. c , 5. d
Match the pairs .

A B
1.Groundnut cake a) Source of calcium and phosphorus
2.Vitamin - E b) Antioxidant in feed
3. Green fodder c) Source of energy
4. Di-calcium phosphate d) Aflatoxin
5. Maize grain e) Carotene
1.d, 2. b, 3. e , 4. a , 5. c
Match the pairs .

A B
1.Cotton seed cake a) Bagasse
2.Poor quality wool b) Chromic oxide
3. Green fodder c) Gossypol
4. Urea molasses treatment d) Copper deficiency
5.External indicator e) Carotene
1.c, 2. d, 3. e , 4. a , 5. b
Match the pairs .

A B
1. Green fodder a) TDN
2. Energy value of feed b) Bagasse
3. Urea molasses treatment c) EUN
4. Maintenance requirement d) Digestibilty studies by indicators
5. Pasture consumption studies e) carotene
1.e, 2. a, 3. b , 4. c , 5.d
Match the pairs .

A B
1. Parakeratosis a) Calcium deficiency
2. Poor quality wool b) Paddy straw
3. Urea treatment c) Zinc deficiency
4. High oxalate feeds d) Copper deficiency
5. Raw soybean e) Anti-trypsin
1.c, 2. d, 3. b , 4. a , 5.e
Match the pairs .

A B
1. Feed additive a) Oxalates
2. Bagasse b) Gossypol
3. EUN c) BMR
4. Cotton seed cake d) Agro-industrial by-products
5. NB-21 green fodder e) Phytase enzyme
1.e, 2. d, 3. c , 4. b , 5. a
Match the pairs .
A B
1. Feed additive a) Oxalate
2. Subabul b) Probiotics
3. Castor seed meal c) Mimosine
4. Molasses d) Ricin
5. Water hyacinth e) Binder additive
1.b, 2.c, 3. d , 4. e , 5. a
Match the pairs .

A B
1. Creep mixture a) Internal indicator
2. Colostrum b) External indicator
3. Fish meal c) Rich antibody source
4. Silica d) High protein concentrate
5. Chromic oxide e) Feeding of young ones
1.e, 2.c, 3. d , 4. a , 5.b
Match the pairs .

A B
1. Ready source of energy a) Spoiled groundnut cake
2.Aflatoxin b) Green fodder
3. Carotene source c) Copper deficiency
4. Poor quality wool d) Sheep
5. Pregnancy toxemia e) Molasses
1.e, 2.a, 3. b , 4. c , 5.d
Match the pairs .

A B
1. Riboflavin a) Calcium source
2. Enzyme b) Piglet anemia
3. Iron c) Curled toe paralysis
4. Zinc d) Phytase
5. Limestone powder e) Parakeratosis
1.c, 2.d, 3. b , 4. e , 5. a
Match the pairs .

A B
1. Shell grit a) Iron deficiency
2. Green lucerne b) Carotene source
3. Groundnut cake c) Vegetable protein source
4. Piglet anemia d) Calcium source
5. Phytase enzyme e) Phytin phosphorus
1.d, 2.b, 3. c , 4. a , 5. e
Match the pairs .

A B
1. Groundnut cake a) Source of energy
2. Vitamin - E b) Calcium deficiency
3. High oxalate feed c) Anti-oxidant
4. Di-calcium phosphate d) Aflatoxin
5. Maize grain e) Source of calcium and phosphorus
1.d, 2.c, 3. b , 4. e , 5.a
Match the pairs

A B
0.75
1.Young shoots of sorghum a.W
2.Cotton seed cake b.Hydrocynate
3.NB-21 c.Phytase enzyme
4.Bagasse d. Oxalates
5.Feed additive e.Sugarcane by-product
6.Endogenous Urinary Nitrogen f.Gossypol
1.b, 2 f, 3. d , 4. e , 5.c, 6. a
1) Enlist different methods of feeding experiments. Discuss comparative feeding trial

method.
2) Write significance of laboratory animals in nutritional experiments.
3) Briefly state importance of scientific feeding in livestock production system. 4) Enlist
different feeding experiments in animal nutrition. Discuss laboratory animal experiment.
5) Mention different methods of determining the digestibility of a feed in the laboratory 6)
What is digestibility trial? Name the various methods used in determining the digestibility of
feedstuff. Discuss digestibility by difference.
7) Discuss the various factors which influence the digestibility of feed.
8) What are indicators? Name the external and internal indicators. State the characteristics
of an ideal indicator.
9) Enlist. various methods of estimating digestibility of various nutrients in livestock.
Discuss in brief conventional/direct method.
10) Discuss the various factors which affect the digestibility of feed.
11) Write importance of digestion trial in feed evaluation
12) Discuss in brief conventional method of conducting digestibility trial
13) Discuss the methods of measuring pasture consumption in sheep by using indicators. 14)
Write about the direct method of in vivo determination of digestibility of feeds in cattle.
15) Discuss the various points which are to be considered while computing a balanced ration for
farm animals.
16) Define and classify the feeding standards. Discuss how they differ from each other.
17) Define maintenance requirement of nutrients. Discuss method for determination of energy
requirement for maintenance.
18) Enlist various feeding standards and state in brief their salient features.
19) Classify feeding standards with examples. How digestible nutrient type differ from other
two.
20) Explain merits & demerits of various feeding standards for energy & protein evaluation in
ruminants.
21) What are feeding standards? Write briefly about the history and development of feeding
standards.
22) Define feeding standard. Name various feeding standards recommended for computing
energy requirement for dairy cattle in various countries & state the name of scientists or
research councilor scientist bodies who have recommended this standards.
23) What is balance ration? Discuss various characteristics of a ration
24) Discuss the various points, which are to be taken into consideration while computing a
balance ration for farm animals.
25) Define maintenance requirement of nutrients. Discuss factors affecting energy & protein
requirement for maintenance.
26) How do you calculate TDN of a feed stuff? Write about demerits of TDN system.
27) What is NPN compounds? Give examples.
Write about urea feeding in ruminants.
28) Write briefly about different methods for improving nutritive value of poor quality
roughages.
29) Explain the feeding of livestock during scarcity period with the examples of rations.
30) Discuss the feeding of cow during lactation and suggest feed formula.
31) Compute a ration for buffalo. Body weights 500 kg, dairy milk 10 lit. , Fat 7%,
& She is at advanced stage of gestation .Use Lucerne (14-80), Maize green (5-70), Oat straw
(2.5-60), Jowar grain (6-85), CSC (20-72). The figures in Para synthesis indicate % DCP &
TDN on DM basis.
32) Discuss in detail feeding of dairy cow during advance stage of pregnancy & early lactation
33) A farmer has 400kg milch buffalo. Feedstuffs available are wheat, straw, maize, green fodder
& concentrate mixture. Show the partitioning of dry matter requirement of buffalo between
roughage & concentrates
34) What is calf starter? Name the feed ingredients incorporated in it & state the role of each
feed ingredient that is used in formulating calf starter.
35) Explain the feeding of lamb from birth to 90 days of age with an example of creep ration
36) Give the BIS requirements for chicken feeds. Write how do you meet the calcium
requirements of laying chickens.
37) Write briefly the important points to be considered while formulating poultry diets. 38) What
are in differences in protein and energy requirement of starter, grower & Layer birds.
39) Enlist various methods of feeding experiments used in nutrition and discuss anyone?
40) What Is the principle of digestibility trial, how will you select animals for digestion trial,
what is the importance of pre-experimental and collection period in digestion trial?
41)Define feeding standard, enlist various feeding standards .used for feeding of livestock
with their merits and demerits?
42) What are the basic points you should consider W1i1e computation of ration for achieving
economy in feeding of livestock?
43) What are feeding standards? Write briefly about the history and development o feeding
standards.
44) Discuss the following in brief.
a. Write briefly the important points to be consider while formulating poultry
rations.
b. Write briefly about different methods for improving nutritive value of poor
quality roughages.
45)What is the difference in direct and indirect digestibility trials?
46) What measures you will adopt to economize milk production in crossbred cows? 47)
Enlist Agro-industrial by-products can be used in feeding of livestock With its limitation in
use if any?
48) What are the methods of using urea in a ruminants ration in an efficient way ? Discuss its
merits and demerits?
Differentiate the following
1. ARC feeding standards and NRC feeding standards.

2 . TDN and SE of fodders
3. ME and NE of feeds
4. Conventional method of feeding and Complete ration feeding. 5.
Feeding of empty and pregnant animals 6.Digestibility trial and
Balance trial.
7. Antibiotic and Probiotic.
8. Internal/External markers
9. Physical/chemical processing of fodder.
10. Digestion/metabolic trial
Explain the following
1 HCN poisoning in animals

2. Animal Calorimeter
3. Urea poisoning
4, Urea and molasses feeding
5. Feeding of animals during natural calamities
6. Major steps in manufacture of balanced concentrate mixture.
7. Feeding of goat.
8. Feeding of growing and finishing pigs
9. Feeding of broilers.
10. Feeding of sheep's.
11.Feeding schedule for pre ruminant calf/kid/lamb
12. Discuss the feeding schedule of pre -ruminant calf
13.Internal/External markers
14. Physical/chemical processing of fodder.
15.Digestion/metabolic trial
16. Factors that affect feed efficiency in swine.
17.Feeding of piglet
18. Aflatoxin poisoning in ducks.
19. Restricted feeding in poultry
Choose the correct answer from the following
1. The heat of Increment of feeding ruminants coined by

a) Rubner
b) Kellner
c) Armsby
2. Factor used for calculation of ME from DE in ruminants
a) 0.82
b) 0.62
c) 0.92
3. Energy system recommended by ARC for ruminants.
a) SE
b) TDN
c) ME
4. Percent of GE intake lost in urine as urinary energy loss in cattle a) 4
-5 %
b) 6 -7 %
c) 7 -8 %
5. Kellener's feeding standard was based on
a) SE
b) NE .
c) TDN
6. The first feeding standard was presented by
a.) Wolff
b) Kuhan
c) Kellner
7. Which feeding standard was based on the actual milk production record.
a) Scandanavian feed unit standard
b) Sevage feeding standard c:)
Kuhan feeding standard
8. National research council's standard based on
a) dry matter, DCP, CP, TDN
b) DCP, TDN, Calcium , phosphorus and Vit.D
c) None of these.
9. In India the feeding standard based on
a) DCP, ME, SE
b) DCP, TDN, SE
c) CP, TDN, SE.
10.The quantity of MFN when DM intake is 10 kg per day
a) 25 gm
b) 50 gm
c) 75 gm
11.Gross energy is defined as the total energy obtained by oxidizing a feed sample
completely in to CO2 and water. a) using a bomb calorimeter
b) using a respiratory calorimeter
c) by chemical analysis
11. DE is represented by that portion of feed consumed
a) which is excreted in faeces.
b) Which is not excreted in faeces.
c) Which is not available to the animal
12.ME is determined by subtracting the energy losses
a) in combustible gases from GE.
b) in urine and combustible gases from GE
c) in faeces, urine and combustible gases frcxn GE.
13. Net energy is determined by
a) stripping out the heat increment from ME
b) energy made available for production of eggs/milk/wool
c) energy used for maintenance.
14. A high producing animal in early, lactation usually remain in
a) positive energy balance
b) negative energy balance
c) none of the above
15.For fast growing animals N- balance must be
a) positive enough
b) marginally positive
c) can be negative also
16.Hlgher N- balance in animals is a reflection of
a) Animal fed on high quality proteins.
b) High energy content in the diet
c) Both the above factors
17. As we increase energy density of ration fed to poultry, the dry matter will a)
increase
b) decrease
c) remain same.
18.Which of the following concentrates has higher energy content.
a) consisting of 40% of de oiled (Solvent extracted) GNC
b) consisting of 40% of de oiled (Solvent extracted) mustard cake.
c) Consisting of 40% of expeller pressed oil cakes.
19. By an large the livestock population in our country remains on
a) negative energy balance
b) positive energy balance
c) energy equilibrium 20. Blood meal is rich in
a) calcium and phosphorus
b) protein
c) fat.
21. Supplementation of essential amino acids n the diet of poultry
a) increases N excretion in faeces
b) decreases N excretion in faeces.
c) Improves biological value of protein
22. MFN fraction comprises of mainly
a) Residue of bile and other digestive juices
b) Bacterial residues & epithelial cells abraded form the GI tract.
c) All of the above.
23. Greater the food intake
a) lesser the MFN
b) Greater the MFN
c) MFN not affected ,
24, When we are unable to meet out the energy requirement of high producing
animals then possible alternative is to a) Increase the dry matter Intake
b) Improve the palatability of ration
c) Increase the energy density of ration
25. ln poultry the feed intake will be higher when
a) feed rich in energy
b) feed poor In energy
c) feed rich in protein
26.The starch equivalent system originated by Kellner
a) is similar in principle of NE system of Arms by
b) is not similar to NE system of Armsby.
c) is similar to Scandinavian system.
27. Voluntary feed intake in ruminants depends upon
a) fast rate of passage of digesta and fluid form rumen
b) proper NPN level in ration
c) low digestibility of diet
28. Antibiotic residues in calf starter rations result in better growth response due to
a) making potential pathogens virulent
b) raising efficiency of gut enzyme
c) promoting high feed intake -
29. With leguminous fodders the concentrate mixture formulation should contain
a) high available energy
b) high methionine & lysine
c) high UDP
30. Excellent leguminous fodder for dairy cattle in northern India
a) Lucerne
b) Cowpea
c) Berseem
31. The nutrient, which is lower in colostrum than in milk.
a) Vit. A
b) Fat
c) Lactose
32. The age at which the calf starter is generally introduced for feeding calf a)
2nd
b) 3rd
c) 4th
33. The forage that is best suited for silage making
a) oats
b) berseem
c) maize ,
34. The concentrate feeding that leads to production of granular type of ghee In
buffaloes.
a) ground nut cake
b) rape seed cake
c) cotton seed cake
35. The physiological function for 'ht1lch adult bullocks need energy
a) Maintenance + growth + work
b) Maintenance + work
c) Maintenance + adult growth + work
36. The safe level ( % ) of Inclusion of subabul fodder in the diet of ruminants a) 30
b) 40
c) 50
37. The level of crude protein (%) that should be kept in complete feeds a) 13
b) 16
c) 19
38. The level of ambient temperature that causes decline in voluntary feed intake
a) 20 degree centigrade
b) 30 degree centigrade
c) 40 degree centigrade
39. For dairy cattle, urea inclusion in the diet \"All be of no benefit if the diet contains
a) over 13 % protein
b) over 10 % protein
c) over 08 % protein
40. Recommended level of urea feeding in the total dry matter intake of dairy
cattle should not exceed a) 1.0 %
b) 2.0 %
c) 3.0 %
41. The incidences of displaced abomasum Is much higher In cows fed
a) high concentrate
b) high roughages
c) coarse forage
42. Flushing of ewe is done
a) one month before onset of breeding season
b) 15 days before the onset of breeding season
c) throughout the breeding season
43. From the economic point of view It Is desirable to hasten the growth of rumen which
may be possible through
a) Early introduction of milk replacer
b) Early introduction of hay
c) Early Introduction of concentrate mixture.
44. Cow on high grain and low roughage ration often secrete milk
a) low fat content
b) high fat content
c) very high fat content
45. In high yielding cow the body weight in early lactation
a) decreases
b) increases
c) maintained
46. The total dry matter intake in percent for cattle ranges
a) 2-3 %
b) 4-5 %
c) 5-6 %
47. The percentage of protein in the pre-starter diet of the young pig is
a) 22-24 %
b) 17-19%
c) 25-26%
48.The cereal grains are rich in
a) TDN and NE
b) Calcium
c) DCP
49. Which of the following cake contains the highest protein
a) Til cake
b) Ground nut cake
c) Cotton seed cake
50. Most of the roughages contains
a) more than 18 °A, crude fibre & less than 60 % TDN
b) More than 60 % TDN and less than 18% crude fibre
c) Medium in DCP and TDN .
,
ANSWER KEY
Choose the correct answer
1.C 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. A
6. A 7. A 8. C 9.8 10.8
11.A 12.A 13.C 14.A 15.8
16.C 17.8 18.C 19.A 20.8
21. C 22. C 23. 8 24. C 25. 8
26. A 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. C 31.C 32.
A 33.C 34.C 35.8
36. A 37. A 38. C 39. A 40. A
41. A 42. 8 43. B 44. A 45.A
46. A 47. A 48. A 49. C 50. A DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
QUESTION BANK II
nd Year B.V.Sc. and A.H.
Course No : ANN-211 Credits : 2+1=3
Title :Principles of Animal Nutrition ( Including avian nutrition)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Q: 1.
Fill in the blanks
1.The proximate principle viz. -------- is estimated by difference. ( Nitrogen free extract )
2.--- is the founder scientist of Nutrition Science. ( Antonie Lavoiser )
3.--- is the major gas produced in the rumen. (Methane )
4. Piglet anemia is caused by the deficiency of ------------------ ( Iron )
5. -------------is the only sugar found in the milk. (Lactose )
6. End product of carbohydrate digestion in rumen are -------------. ( Volatile fatty acids ) 7. The
plant synthesize nutrients by the process known as -------------.
( Photosynthesis )
8. ----- is the proximate principle which is calculated by difference and gets
overestimated in Weende system of feed analysis.( ( Nitrogen free extract ) 9.Curled toe
paralysis in poultry is caused due to the deficiency of -----------
( Riboflavin )
10.--------- is an example of monosaccharide , which is a component of maltose.
( Glucose )
11. ---------- is also frequently called as Animal starch. ( Glycogen )
12. Out of volatile fatty acids produced in the rumen , on normal diet ---------is present in least
concentration. ( Butyric acid )
13. Fatty acids are classified into ------- and -------- types. ( Saturated and unsaturated )
14. Limestone is a rich source of -------------- mineral. ( Calcium )
15. Out of volatile fatty acids produced in the rumen , on normal diet --------------- is present in
major concentration. ( Acetic acid )
16.The deficiency of vitamin ------- causes nutritional encephalomalacia.
( Vitamin E )
17. Carotene is generally converted to ------------- in the body of most of the animals.
(Vitamin A )
18. Soluble carbohydrate portion in the feed stuff is denoted by proximate principle -------
-------- . ( Nitrogen free extract )
19.Perosis is caused due to the deficiency of mineral viz. -------------.
(Manganese )
20. Mineral namely ------------- is existing almost entirely in bones and teeth. (Calcium)
21.The carbohydrate is stored in liver in the form of -----------. (Glycogen)
22. Di-calcium phosphate is rich source of ------------ and ----------- .
(Calcium and phosphorus)
23.------- is an example of commonly used supplement to meet the requirement of sodium
and chloride in farm animals. ( Common salt )
24.Mineral viz. -------------- is required for the synthesis of Vitamin B12 in the rumen .
(Cobalt)
25. ---------- is considered as father of Animal Nutrition.( Antonie Lavoiser )
26.--------- and --------- are sulfur containing amino acid . (Methionine and Cystine )
27.Oxidation of 1g of carbohydrate in body produces ------------- g of metabolic water.
(0.56 )
28. Oxidation of 1g of protein produces ------------- g of metabolic water. (0.40 )
29. Oxidation of 1g of fat produces ------------- g of metabolic water. (1.07 )
30. Oxygen required for oxidation of 1g of starch is -------------liters . (0.83)
31. Oxygen required for oxidation of 1g of protein is ------------liters . (0.97)
32. Oxygen required for oxidation of 1g of fat is -------------liters . (2.02 )
33. Addition of sulfur to urea supplemented diets to make the N:S ratio as ------- improves the
utilization of urea. ( 10 : 1)
34. --------------- is the most widely used NPN compound in ruminant ration. (Urea )
35. Molasses is mainly used as ----------- for pelleting of feeds. ( Binder )
36. In bones calcium and phosphorus occurs in the ratio of ------. ( 2 : 1 )
37. The level of blood calcium is --------mg /100 ml of blood . (9-11 mg ) 38. The level of blood
phosphorus is ----------- mg /100 ml blood.
(35-45mg )
39.Inorganic phosphorus content of plasma is --------------- mg /100 ml.
( 4-9 mg )
40. -------------– vitamin is necessary for absorption of calcium.
( Vitamin D )
41. Vitamin ---------- is the prosthetic group of coenzyme A . (Pantothenic acid )
42. Very high levels of phytin phosphorus interferes with the absorption of mineral viz. -
----------------- ( Phosphorus)
43. Very high levels of magnesium interferes with the absorption of mineral viz. ---------- --------
(Calcium)
44. -------- is the primary path of for phosphorus excretion in the case of herbivores.
( Feces )
45. -------- is the primary path for phosphorus excretion in the case carnivorous animals.
(Urine)
46. Calcium deficiency in young animals results in a condition called as -------( Rickets ) 47.
---------- is the mineral required for normal blood clotting as it is must for the formation of
thrombin and prothrombin. ( Calcium )
48. In poultry the deficiency of vitamin viz. ------- causes Black tongue. (Niacin )
49. Vitamin --------- can be synthesized from the tryptophan. ( Niacin )
50. Parrot beak condition in case of chicken embryo is observed due to deficiency of vitamin
----------- ( Biotin )
51.Stiff lamb disease is observed due to deficiency of vitamin ------------.
( Vitamin E )
52. White muscle disease is observed due to deficiency of vitamin --------.
( Vitamin E )
53. Exudative diathesis a haemorrhagic disease caused due to deficiency of -----------.
(Vitamin E )
54. Laying hen deprived of vitamin ----- for a period of 2-3 months lays thin shelled eggs.
( Vitamin D )
55. -------------- is known as Retinol . ( Vitamin A )
56. Nutritional roup in poultry is a condition caused due to deficiency of ---- ----------------.
( Vitamin A )
57. BIS recommended -------- % level of urea in the concentrate mixture of cows. (2%) 58.
Pica or deprived appetite has been noted in cattle when there is a deficiency of -------in their
diet ( phosphorus )
59. The normal magnesium content of blood serum in cattle is within the range of ---------
-------mg/ 100ml blood serum. ( 1.7 – 4 )
60. Grass staggers condition is observed due to deficiency of -------------. (Magnesium)
61. Grass tetany condition is observed due to deficiency of -------------.
(Magnesium)
62. A disease of lambs called as enzootic ataxia is caused due to deficiency of ------------
(Copper)
63. Excess consumption of the ---------------- causes condition known as Peat scour. (
Molybdenum)
64. A disease of lambs called as Sway back is caused due to deficiency of
------------ (Copper)
65. Scouring disease is caused due to deficiency of mineral viz. ----------
(Copper)
66. Peat scour disease is caused due to deficiency of mineral viz. ---------- (Copper)
67. Bush sickness is a disease observed due to the deficiency of mineral viz. ----------(Cobalt)
68. ---------- toxicity cause alkali disease or blind staggers in cattle.
(Selenium)
69. Wasting disease is caused due to deficiency of mineral viz. ---------- (Cobalt)
70. Pinning disease is caused due to deficiency of mineral viz. ----------
(Cobalt)
71. Enzootic marasmus disease is caused due to deficiency of mineral viz.
----------. (Copper)
72. Excess consumption of the ---------------- causes condition known as Teartness. (
Molybdenum )
73. Excess consumption of the ---------------- causes condition known as Peat scour. (
Molybdenum)
74. A disease of lambs called as Sway back is caused due to deficiency of
------------ (Copper)
75. ---------- is known as founder of modern experimental methods in Animal Nutrition.(
Fracoise Magendie)
76. in the ruminant most of the energy in the body is stored in the form of ------------ in adipose
tissue. ( Fat )
77. In ruminant the end product of nitrogen metabolism is urine is -----.
(Urea)
78.Water content of new born animal is around ----------- ( 74%)
79. The total energy of glucose is ---- Kcal/mole. (673)
80. Rumen ammonia is more rapidly absorbed at pH ---- (6-7)
81. Optimum microbial synthesis occurs under ---------- ammonia concentration. (5-8 mg
/100ml rumen liquor)
82. -------- include all of that portion of feed soluble in ether. (Crude fat)
83. crude protein = Nitrogen% X --------( 6.25)
84. In ruminants , glucose is promptly converted via.--------- to ------- ( Pyruvate to VFA )
85. the relative proportion of VFA vary with the nature of the --------- (Diet)
86. One mole of glucose yields to ------- ATP.(38)
87. Bacteria are unable to use ammonia if the concentration of ammonia exceeds --------
mg/100ml of rumen liquor.(5-8)
88. In ruminants fats are stored in adipose tissue in the form of ------- ( Triglycerides)
89. For optimum utilization of N in the re rumen the ratio of N:S should be ------- (10 :1)
90. Drinking water containing above ------------ fluorine is considered to be toxic level .
( 3ppm)
Q2. State true or false and correct if necessary.
1. All amino acids are dietary essential for adult ruminants. ( False )
Corrected : All amino acids are not dietary essential for non-ruminants.
2. Succulent forages are conserved on the form of silage. (True )
Corrected : Succulent forages can not be stored easily. 3.
Acetic acid is glucogenic in nature . ( False )
Corrected : Propionic acid is glucogenic in nature .
4. NFE produces more ME than CF in feed. ( True )
5. Plant cell wall is made up of carbohydrates . (True )
6 .Stored energy in the oil seed is in the form of carbohydrate . ( False )
Correcetd : .Storage energy in the oil seed is in the form of fat .
7. The moisture content of fresh green forage is less than that of air dried grasses.( False )
Corrected : The moisture content of fresh green forage is more than that of air dried grasses.
8. Cobalt mineral is concerned with synthesis of vitamin B2 . ( False )
Corrected : Cobalt mineral is concerned with synthesis of vitamin B12 .
9. B- vitamins are synthesized in sufficient quantity in the rumen of healthy ruminants.
(True )
10. Kellner is the father of Animal Nutrition ( False )
Corrected : Antonie Lavoiser is the father of animal nutrition.
11. Non-essential amino acids are required for synthesis of protein in animal body.(True )
12 . Vitamin E is natural anti-oxidant. (True )
13. Parakeratosis is caused due deficiency of magnesium. ( False ) Corrected :
Parakeratosis is caused due to deficiency of Zinc.
14. Nutritive value of stem is better than that of leaf part of same fodder plant .
( False ) Corrected : Nutritive value of stem is poor than that of leaf part of
same fodder plant . 15. Lignin is the most digestible part in animal feed . ( False
) Corrected : Lignin is the non- digestible part in animal feed .
16 .Di-calcium phosphate is a rich source of trace minerals . ( False )
Corrected : .Di-calcium phosphate is rich source of calcium and phosphorus. 17.
Water content of body increases with advancing age . ( False ) Corrected :
Water content of body decreases with advancing age .
18. Moisture content of fresh green forage is lesser than that of
dried forages. (False ) Corrected : Moisture content of fresh
green forage is more than that of dried forages.
19. Limestone powder is rich source of calcium . ( True )
20.Methionine is essential fatty acid . ( False ) Corrected :
Methionine is essential amino acid .
21.Butyric acid production is highest among the various volatile fatty acids produced in the
rumen . ( False)
Corrected : Acetic acid production is highest among the various volatile fatty acids produced
in the rumen .
22.Linoleic acid is example of essential amino acid . ( False )
Corrected : .Linoleic acid is an example of essential fatty acid .
23. Dietary supplementation of Vitamin C is not required in ruminants. ( True )
24. Usually the vitamins of B-complex groups are added to poultry feed but not to cattle feed.
( True )
25. NFE is not a proximate principle . ( False ) Corrected : NFE is proximate principle .
26. Glycogen is also called as animal starch . ( True )
27. Vitamin –D supplements are not dietary essential for growing animal of tropical country.
(True )
28. Consumption of sweet clover causes reduction in vitamin – K level of blood .(True )
29. Deficiency of vitamin –D causes Rickets in young animals. ( True )
30. Supplementation of vitamin-A is not required if green roughages are fed in ad lib amounts. (
True )
31. All leafy succulent roughages contain about 75 % water . (True )
32. Deficiency of manganese results in Perosis in chicks . ( True ) 33. Bone contains 36%
calcium , !7 % phosphorus and 0.8% magnesium.
( True )
34. Deficiency of phosphorus results in a condition known as Pica. ( True )
35. Antonie Laurent Lavoiser introduced the balance and thermometer in the nutritional studies.
(True)
36. Deficiency of phosphorus results in a condition known as Pica. ( True )
37. Body water content increases with age. ( True)
38. Carbohydrates are ready source of energy whereas lipid are concentrated source energy.
( True)
39. Plants are rich in calcium and animals are rich in potassium. ( False )
Corrected : Plants are rich in potassium calcium and animals are rich in calcium. 40.
Glucose molecules are linked by alpha 1,4 linkage in cellulose. (False) Corrected :
Glucose molecules are linked by Beta- 1,4 linkage in cellulose.
41. Polyunsaturated fatty acids have lower melting point. ( True )
42.Casein is a chromoprotein. ( False) Corrected : Casein is a
Phosphoprotein.
43. Amino acids are non-protein nitrogenous substances. ( True )
44. Lactase activity is high in poultry.
Corrected : Lactase activity is low in poultry.
45.Ruminants can not divert fatty acids to glucose synthesis. ( True) 46.
Moisture content of feeds does not affect nutrient content of it. (False )
Corrected: Moisture content of feeds affect nutrient content of it.
47. No relationship is observed of vitamin D and calcium. ( False) Corrected: Relationship is
observed of vitamin D and calcium.
48. Shell grit is best source of calcium for egg laying bird. ( True)
49. Di-calcium phosphate do contain both calcium and phosphorus. ( True)
49. Di-calcium phosphate do not contain both calcium and phosphorus. ( False) Corrected. Di-
calcium phosphate do contain both calcium and phosphorus.
50. Vitamin B complex group is not dietary essential for ruminants. ( True)
51. Selenium is acting like Vit. E and prevent in muscular dystrophy. (Tue)
52. Dental caries may occur in human beings due to flurosis. (Tue)
53. Pica is deficiency symptoms of Phosphorus in animals. (Tue)
54. ADF is ligno-cellulose. (Tue)
55. In milk fever body temperature of cow is below normal. (Tue)
56. In the rumen the CHO are digested by the host enzyme. ( False ) Corrected : In the rumen
the CHO are digested by the microbial enzyme.
57. In non-ruminant the energy losses as methane are tremendous. ( False ) Corrected : In
ruminant the energy losses as methane are tremendous.
58. In ruminants the energy for maintenance is absorbed largely in the form of VFA.
(True)
59. Low quality diets results in larger proportion of energy lost as methane. ( True)
60. The fatty animals has loser water content than thin animal. ( True)
61. Vitamin B12 is important for propionic acid metabolism . ( True)
62. In the stomach of pigs the proteins are completely digested to amino acids. (True) 63.
Carbohydrate content of animal body is around 5%.(False ) Corrected : Carbohydrate
content of animal body is around 1%.
64. Lactobacilli are important microbe fermenting sugars in rumen.(True)
65. Feeding slowly degradable nutrients along with straw improve fibre digestion.( True)
66. Starch is a trisacchride. ( False) Corrected : Starch is a polysaccharide.
67. Protein is denatured by heat treatment. (True)
68. Citric acid cycle is Krebs cycle. ( True)
69. Volatile fatty acids are utilized by rumen microbes. (True)
70. Almost all essential amino acids are synthesized by rumen microbes. (True)
71.Pigs do not need dietary essential amino acids.
72. Fibrous diets reduces the percentage of acetic acid in rumen. (False)
Corrected: Fibrous diets increases the percentage of acetic acid in rumen. 73.
Lignin increases the fed digestibility. ( False) Corrected : Lignin reduces the
fed digestibility.
74. Protein solubility enhances protein rumen degradability.( True)
75. As plant tissue grows, the cell wall become delignified and are more readily digested.
( False)
Corrected : As plant tissue grows, the cell wall become lignified and are less readily
digested.
76. Diets , containing little or no coarse roughages, fail to provides sufficient stimulation for
rumination. ( True)
77. In ruminant the extensive microbial activity occurs in small intestine specially in caecum.
( False)
Corrected: . In ruminant the extensive microbial activity occurs in rumen.
78. The time spent by the animals in rumination depends upon the fibrous content of the feed.
(True)
79. In animal given predominantly concentrate diets, propionic acid production may usually low.
Corrected : In animal given predominantly concentrate diets, propionic acid production may
usually high.
80.As the concentrate portion in the ruminant diet increases, the proportion of acetic acid
rises and that of propionic acid falls.(False)
Corrected: As the concentrate portion in the ruminant diet increases, the proportion of acetic
acid falls and that of propionic acid rises.
81.In ruminant , cellulose and hemicellulose are digested by the enzymes secreted by the
host animals.(False)
Corrected : In ruminant , cellulose and hemicellulose are digested by the enzymes secreted
by the rumen microbes animals.
82.The true protein is degraded more rapidly as against the NPN compounds.(False)
Corrected : The true protein is degraded less rapidly as against the NPN compounds.
83.Fats helps in conserving the body temperature. (True)
84. Utilization of urea is less on high protein and low energy rations.(True)
85. Cannibalism in poultry is due to deficiency of salt. (True)
86. Leguminous fodders are very good sources of calcium.(True)
Q3.Match the pairs

A B
1) Cotton seed cake a) Animal protein source
2) Maize b) Legume fodder
3) Fish meal c) Gossypol
4) Physical treatment d) High energy source
5) Lucerne e) Chopping
1) c, 2) d, 3) a, 4) e, 5) b
Match the pairs

A B
1) Piglet anemia a) Essential amino acids
2) Cobalt b) Deficiency of Iron
3) Parakeratosis c) Essential fatty acids
4) Lysine d) Deficiency of Zinc
5) Linoleic acid e) Vitamin – B12
1) b, 2) e, 3) d, 4) a, 5) c
Match the pairs

A B
1) Non-essential amino acids a) Cobalt
2) Deficiency of biotin b) Probiotics
3) Vitamin- B12 c) Glycin
4) Riboflavin d) Flavo protein
5) Lactobacillus e) Egg white injury
1) c, 2) e, 3) a, 4) d, 5) b
Match the pairs
A B
1) Green plants a) Curled toe paralysis
2) Riboflavin b) Vitamin - K
3) Manganese c) Photosynthesis
4) Feed additive d) Vitamin - E
5) Phylloquinone e) Perosis
f) Enzymes
1) c, 2) a, 3) e, 4) f , 5) b
Match the pairs
A B
1) Riboflavin a) Calcium source
2) Enzyme b) Piglet anemia
3) Iron c) Curled toe paralysis
4) Zinc d) Phytase
5) Limestone powder e) Parakeratosis
1) c, 2) d, 3) b, 4) e , 5) a
Match the pairs

A B
1) Piglet anemia a) Essential amino acids
2) Cobalt b) Deficiency of iron
3) Linoleic acid c) Vitamin – B12
4) Lysine d) Deficisency of Zinc
5) Parakeratosis e) Essential fatty acid
1) b, 2) c,
3) e, 4) a , 5) d Match the pairs
A B
1) Polyneuritis a) Essential amino acids
2) Egg white injury b) Deficiency of thiamin
3) Teartness c) Essential fatty acids
4) Methionine d) Deficiency of biotin
5) Linolenic acid e) Molybdenum toxicity
1) b, 2) d, 3) e, 4) a , 5) c
Match the pairs

A B
1) Funk a) Beri-beri
2) Starch b) Furanose
3) Glucose c) Dulcitol
4) Hemicellulose d) Feeds and feeding
5) Eijkmann e) Cyanogenic glycoside
6) Sugar alcohol f) Pyranose
7) Linamarin g) Animal starch
8) Morrison h) Vitamin
9) Fructose i) Glucan
10) Glycogen j) Xylan
Answer : 1) h, 2) i, 3) f, 4) j , 5) a , 6) c, 7) e, 8) d , 9) b, 10) g.
Match the pairs

A B
1) Acetate a) Vit. B1 2) Butyrate
b) Vit. B2
3) RDP c) Pantothenate
4) Rumen microbes d) Milk fat synthesis
5) Protozoa e) Stale smell of butter
6) Anemia f) 10 11 7) Enzootic ataxia
g) 10 8
8) Pantothenic acid h) Iron
9) Riboflavin i) Copper
10)Thiamin j) Soluble protein
Answer : 1) d, 2) e, 3) j, 4) f , 5) g , 6) b, 7) i, 8) c , 9) a, 10) b.
Q4.Define the following

1. Nutrient
2.Nutrition
3.Feedstuffs
4. Ration
5. Metabolic water
6.Forage
7. Feed additives
8. Feed supplements
9. Roughages
10. Concentrates
11. Essetial amino acids
12. Ether extract
13. Major minerals
14. Minor minerals/ Trace minerals/ Micro minerals
15. Probiotics
16. Antibiotics
17. Essential mineral elements
18. Iodine number
19. Saponification number
20. Crude protein
21. Nitrogen free extract
22. Acid detergent fibre
23. Neutral detergent fibre
24.Metabolism
25. Catabolism
26. Digestion
27. Anabolism
28. Crude fibre
Q5.Answer in brief
1. Sulfur containing vitamins . ( Thiamine , Biotin )
2. Sulfur containing amino acids. ( Cystine, Methionine )
3.Mineral containing vitamins . ( Vitamin –B 12 , Biotin, Thiamin )
4. Proteolytic enzymes (Trypsin , Chymotrypsin )
5.Fat soluble vitamins. (Vitamin A, D , E and K )
6. Two rumen microbes concerned with starch digestion . ( Bacteriodes amylophillus,
Succinimonas amylolytica)
7. Two rumen microbesinvolved in cellulose digestion . ( Clolstridium loccheadij ,
Cellobacterium cellulosolvens )
8,.Two microbes involved in fibre digestion . ( Ruminicoccus flavefaciens ,
Ruminicoccus albus )
9.Dietary essential fatty acids . (Linoleic/ Linolenic/ Arachidoneic/ Oleic ) 10.
Give two examples of most commonly NPN compounds in ruminants.
( Urea and bi-urets )
11. Enlist two B group of vitamins / water soluble vitamins . ( Thiamin/ Riboflavin /
Biotin / Niacin / Folic acid / Pyridoxin/ Cynocobalamin / Choline )
12. Write two pseudofats present in the feed . ( Waxes, Lecithin, Sterols , Pigments,
Cholesterol )
13.Two important minerals concerned with maintaining osmotic pressure and acid base
equilibrium. ( Sodium, Potassium )
14. State two examples of animal origin protein sources . ( Fish meal, Meat meal , Blood meal )
15. State any two examples of plant / vegetable origin protein sources .
( Groundnut cake, Sunflower cake , Cotton seed cake, Soybean oil meal )
16. Name any two proximate principles in the feed . ( Moisture , Crude protein / Crude fibre /
Nitrogen free extract / Ether extract / Total ash )
17. Name two volatile fatty acids produced in the rumen . ( Acetic acid, Propionic acid,
Butyric acid )
18. . Name two gases produced in the rumen . ( Carbon dioxide, Methane )
19. Any two examples of monosacchrides . ( Glucose / Fructose / Galactose/ Mannose )
20. Any two examples of disacchrides . ( Sucrose / Lactose/ Maltose/ Isomaltose/
Cellobios )
21. Any two examples of toxic minerals .( Copper/ Molybdenum/ Fluorine )
22.Write one vitamin and one mineral causing Perosis in chicks. ( Biotin and Manganese)
23. Name the components of Insoluble carbohydrate in the feed . ( Crude fibre i. e.
Cellulose , Hemicellulose, Lignin )
24. Write two examples of major mineral . ( Calcium /Phosphorus/ Sodium/ Potassium/
Chloride / Sulfur / Magnesium )
25. Write two examples of minor / trace / micro minerals . ( Copper / Cobalt /
Molybdenum / Manganese / Zinc /Iron / Selenium)
26.Enzyme containing iron . (Cytochrome / Peroxidase / Catalase )
27. Dietary essential vitamin for ruminants. ( Vit. D, Vit.E, Vit. A )
Q6.Give Reasons
1. All amino acids are not dietary essential for adult ruminants.
Ans : Rumen micro organisms can synthesize amino acids in the rumen.
2. Fats have more energy than carbohydrates or protein.
Ans : More amount of carbon and hydrogen becomes available for oxidation and more
amount of atmospheric oxygen becomes available for oxidation than internal oxygen.
3. Essential amino acids should be supplied in the diet of non-ruminants. Ans : Ruminants
can synthesize essential amino acids in the rumen by virtue of rumen- flora but non-
ruminants cannot synthesize essential amino acids .
4. Ether extract is called crude fat.
Ans : Ether extract includes true fats as well as pseudofats like cholesterol, lecithin ,
chlorophyll, waxes.
5. Nitrogenous substances in feed are termed as crude protein. Ans : Nitrogenous
substances comes from non-protein nitrogenous substances as well as from true
proteins
6. Quality of protein is not of much importance in ruminant feeds.
Ans : Ruminants can synthesize essential amino acids in the rumen by virtue of rumen-
flora therefore they are not dietary dependent for amino acids.
7. Protein quality is an important factor for feeding of young calf . ( 0-3 months) Ans . In
case of pre-ruminant calf rumen and rumen-flora is not well develop therefore they are
unable to synthesize essential amino acids in the rumen i.e. they are dietary dependent
for essential amino acids.
8. Piglet anemia is a very common disease , when piglets are reared on concrete floor
and fed mothers milk.
Ans : Sows milk is deficient in iron and when piglets are reared on concrete
floor they don’t get asses to soil.
9. A particular ratio of N : S must be maintained in ruminant diet.
Ans : For synthesis of sulfur containing amino acids like methionine and cystine rumen
micro organisms required sulfur.
10. Addition of bulk feed is important for ruminants.
Ans : Bulk feed satisfies the appetite of the animal by filling capacious rumen and
thereby helps in the peristaltic movement.
11. B- vitamins are not dietary essential for adult ruminants.
Ans : Ruminants can synthesize B group of vitamins in the rumen by virtue of rumen-
flora therefore they are not dietary dependent for B- vitamins.
12. Vitamin- D supplements are not dietary essential for grazing animals in tropics. Ans: By
irradiation, the 7- dehydrocholesterol present in the skin is converted into Vitamin- D3.
13. Deficiency of vitamin – D causes rickets in young calves.
Ans: Vitamin D is required for the synthesis of protein that is necessary for the transport
of calcium in the intestinal mucosa. (Calcium binding protein)
14. Supplementation of vitamin –A is not required if green roughages are fed in ad lib
amounts.
Ans: Carotene, the precursor of vitamin –A is present in the green roughages , which
gets converted into vitamin-A in the epithelial cells of small intestine.
Q7: Choose the correct /most appropriate answer.

1. The end product of carbohydrate digestion in non-ruminants is ---------.
a) glucose b) VFA c) none of the above d) both of the above 2. The end
product of carbohydrate digestion in ruminants is ---------.
a) glucose b) VFA c) none of the above d) both of the above 3. The
reserved carbohydrates in animals body is ---------.
a) glycogen b) starch c) fructose d) none of the above 4.
Cellulose and starch are ---------.
a) polysaccharides b) disaccharides c) monosaccharides d)trisaccharides
5. In hydrogenation of fats ----------
a) double bonds will take hydrogen as well as oxygen.
b) Improves keeping quality
c) Produces saturated hard fats
d) All of the above.
6. Biological value of microbial protein in the ruminants is about --------.
a) 80% b) 60% c) 40% d) 20%
7. The two sulphur containing amino acids are -----------
a) lysine & glycine b) phenyl alanine & tyrosine
c) cystine & methionine d) arginine & valine
8. For optimum ulilisation of nitrogen in the rumen the ratio of N : S should be -----------.
a) 1:1 b) 10:1 c) 100:1 d)50:1
9. Nitrogen content in any protein is (on an average) ---------
a) 5-10% b) 10-15% c) 16-17% d) 20-25%
10. Urea in the rumen is hydrolysed by the enzyme ----------.
a) uratase b) urease c) uricase d) none of the above 11.
The principal excretory product in bird is -----------.
a) urea b) uric acid c) both d) none of the above
12. Energy lost as methane at the maintenance level of nutrition is ----------.
a) less than 5 % of GE b) between 5-10% of GE
c) more than 10% of GE d) none of the above
13. When 1 mole of glucose is completely oxidized to carbon dioxide & water, we get----
--------.
a) 8 moles of ATP b)18moles of ATP c) 30 moles of ATP d)38 moles of ATP 14.Acetate
when used as an energy source in rumen its one mole yields -----.
a) 10 moles of ATP b)17moles of ATP c) 25 moles of ATP d)38 moles of ATP 15. Pica
in cattle is a condition caused by the deficiency of -------------.
a) phosphorous b)magnesium c) sulphur d) sodium
16. The normal serum magnesium level is ----------mg. in cattle.
a) 10-15 b) 8-10 c) 3-5 d)15-20
17. ----------- vitamin is also known as animal protein factor.
a) Thiamin b) Cyanocobalamine c) Biotin d) Choline 18.
------------ mineral is a constituent of tyrosinase enzyme.
a) calcium b)phosphorous c) copper d)iron
19.------------ is the condition observed due to molybdenum toxicity.
a) Teartness b)Atherosclerosis c) Acanthosis d) Rickets
20. Drinking water containing above ------- ppm fluorine is considered to be toxic level. a) 3
b)10 c) 15 d)20
21. Cannibalism in poultry is due to deficiency of ----------.
a) chloride b)calcium c) phosphorous d)magnesium
22. Goose stepping in pigs is caused by the deficiency of ----------.
a) pantothenic acid b)pyridoxine c)cyanocobalamine d)biotin
23. In poultry, deficiency of mineral------- causes perosis/slipped tendon.
a) Manganese, b) calcium, c) phosphorous, d) molybdenum 24) Steely
wool in sheep is caused due the deficiency of ----------. a) CO b)Ca
c)Cu d)Zn
25. Curled toe paralysis is caused due to deficiency of ---------.
a) pantothenic acid b)riboflavin c) cyanocobalamine d)biotin 26.
Falling disease in cattle is caused due the deficiency of ----------.
a) CO b)Ca c)Cu d)Zn
27. Grass staggers condition is observed due to deficiency of -------------.
a) CO b)Ca c)Cu d)Mg
28. Grass tetany condition is observed due to deficiency of -------------
a) CO b)Ca c)Cu d)Mg
29. Wasting disease is due to the deficiency of ---------
a) copper b) cobalt c) calcium d) magnesium
30. Oleic acid is ---
a) poly unsaturated fatty acid b) essential fatty acid c) both d) none
31. Linoleic cid is ------
a) poly unsaturated fatty acid b) essential fatty acid c) both d) none 32.
Lipids under go ----- in rumen.
a) hydrolysis b) hydrogenation c) oxidation d) a and b
33. Lecithin is ---
a) glycolipid b) phospholipid c)sphingolipid d) steroid 34.---------- is
a constituent of lecithin.
a) amino acid b) vitamin c) sugar d) none
35. Precursor for vitamin D is -------
a) cholesterol b) ergosterol c) both d) none
36. Example for an alkaloid is ----------
a) linamarin b) nicotine c) cadavarine d) betaine
37. Antirachitic factor is -----------
a) vitamin K b) vitamin D c) calcium d) phosphorus 38.
Vitamin not having any co-enzyme is ---------
a) biotin b) thiamin c) choline d) pantothenic
Q8. Subjective type of questions

1.Explain in detail the importance of various nutrients required for animal health and
production.
2. Explain in detail the composition of plant and animal body.
3. Explain the role of water and requirement in livestock.
4. Explain the process of digestion, absorption and metabolism of carbohydrate in ruminants.
5. Explain the process of digestion, absorption and metabolism of complex carbohydrates in
ruminants.
6. Explain the process of digestion, absorption and metabolism of carbohydrate in non-
ruminants.
7. Explain the process of digestion, absorption and metabolism of protein in ruminants.
8. Explain the process of digestion, absorption and metabolism of protein in ruminants. 9.
What are NPN compounds? Explain their importance and utilization in ruminant feeding.
10. Explain the process of digestion, absorption and metabolism of fat in ruminants.
11. Explain the process of digestion, absorption and metabolism of fat in non-ruminants. 12.
Enlist macro and micro minerals. Write the importance, deficiency symptoms of calcium and
phosphorus.
13. Classify the minerals with suitable examples. Write the relationship between copper, sulfur
and molybdenum.
14. Classify the minerals with suitable examples. Write the relationship between copper, sulfur
and molybdenum.
15.Classify the minerals with suitable examples. Write the relationship between Calcium,
phosphorus and Vitamin-D.
16.How the quality of animal feeds is controlled by estimation of proximate principles?
Discuss the merits and demerits of present system of animal fed analysis.
17. Enlist macro and micro minerals. Write the relationship between Selenium and Vitamin-E.
18. Enlist fat and water-soluble vitamins. Write the importance, deficiency symptoms and
sources of vitamin-A and vitamin-D.
sources of vitamin-E and vitamin-K.
sources of vitamin-E.
sources of Thiamin and Riboflavin.
sources of Niacin and Biotin.
sources of Pyridoxin and Cyanocobalamine.
24. Enlist fat and water soluble vitamins. Write the importance, deficiency symptoms and
sources of Pantothenic acid and Choline.
25. Explain in brief the proximate principles. Give the significance of crude fibre in ruminant
diet.
26. What are feed additives? Give the detail classification with suitable examples.
27. What are antibiotics? Write their mode of action with their uses and abuses in livestock
feeding.
28. What are antibiotics? Discuss the role of antibiotics in pigs and poultry nutrition.
29. Discuss the effect of antibiotics feeding in lactating animals.
30. What are probiotics? Discuss the role of probiotics in pigs and poultry nutrition.
31. What are probiotics? Write their mode of action with their advantages in livestock feeding.
32. Define nutrient. Discuss the biochemical relationship between soil, plant and animal body.
33. Classify the minerals with suitable examples. Write the importance of copper, Iron and
cobalt in farm animals.
34. Classify the minerals with suitable examples. Write the importance of sodium, potassium
and chloride in farm animals.
35. Classify the minerals with suitable examples. Write the importance of manganese, zinc and
iodine in farm animals.
36. Enlist proximate principles. Discuss role of protein and fibre in ruminants.
37. Enlist proximate principles. Discuss role of carbohydrates and fat in ruminants.
38. Define nutrient. Enlist and explain the role of various nutrient presents in feed.
39. What are feed additives? Discuss the mode of action of antibiotics and hormones with their
merits and demerits in livestock feeding.
40. What do mean by essential amino acids? Enlist essential amino acids. Discuss how protein
is a metabolized in ruminant.
41. Write the function of water. Discuss various factors affecting water requirement in farm
animals.
42. Discuss the role of animal nutrition in relation to animal health and production.
43. Give in brief history of animal nutrition.
44. Discuss various nutrient required for healthy livestock rising.
45. Which feed additives will you suggest maximum profits from poultry industry in India and
why?
46. Write the function of water in the animal body & what are the different sources of water.
47. What are the various factor affecting urea utilization in ruminants.
48. Which are the various macro and micro minerals available in feeds and fodders enlist them?
What are the important functions performed in animal body?
49. What are carbohydrates? Give the classification of carbohydrates.
50. What are lipids? Give the classification of lipids with their general properties.
51. What are proteins? Give the classification of proteins.
52. What are Amino acids? Give the classification of amino acids.
53. Explain the factors affecting chemical composition of forages.
54. Write the role of B-complex in nutrition.
55. Classify mineral elements on the basis of requirement and functions. Mention the important
functions of Cu, Zn, Mn, Se and Co.
56. Discuss microbial digestion of carbohydrates in rumen along with factors affecting it.
57. Which are the nutrients present in feeds and fodders enlist them and discuss the role of crude
fat in animal health maintenance .
58. How digestion of feed in ruminants is affected discuss in detail .
59. Why crude fibre in ruminants is important and how CF is digested ?
60. Discuss the role of crude protein in body building.
61. How minerals are classified ? Enlist macro and micro minerals essential for maintenance of
health and production of livestock or poultry.
62. What are the important of feed additives in the ration of livestock , enlist various feed
additives available in the market.
Q9.Write short notes

1.Classification of Amino acids with examples.
2. Relationship between Cobalt and Vitamin- B12
3. Essential fatty acids
4. Mode of action of antibiotics
5. Mode of action of probiotics
6. Curled toe paralysis
7.Composition of plant and animal body
8. Proximate principles
9. Importance of crude fibre in ruminant diet
10. Functions of water
11. Importance of lipids in animal diet
12. Utilization of NPN compound
13. Rickets
14. Osteomalacia
15. Parakeratosis
16. Milk fever
17. Relationship between calcium, phosphorus and vitamin- D.
18. Relationship between copper, sulfur and molybdenum
19. Relationship between vtamin-E and selenium
20. Urea feeding in ruminants
21. Feed additives
22. Antibiotic as feed additive
23. Hormones as feed additive
24. Urea cycle
25. Deamination and transamination
26. Glycolysis process
27. Citric acid cycle
28. Essential amino acids
29. Sunlight and vitamin-D
30. Growth stimulation of hormones
31. Factors affecting water requirement
32. Sources of water for animal body
33. Probiotics
34. Antibiotic in poultry feeding
35. Enzymes as feed additive
36. Feed additive that facilitate digestion and absorption
37. Mineral supplements
38. Parakeratosis in pigs.
39. Importance of animal protein in calf ration
40. Essential fatty acids in feed.
QUESTION BANK
Course No: ANN-212 Credits : 1+1=2
Title: Evaluation of feed stuffs and feed technology
Q: 1 Fill in the blanks

1. Maintenance type roughages contains ------------ DCP. (3 to 5 %)
2. Subabul contains -------- as anti-nutritional factor. (mimosine)
3. Sugarcane tops contains ----------- as anti-nutritional factor. (oxalic acid)
4. Linseed cake contains ------------ as anti-nutritional factor. (linamarin)
5. Cotton seed cake contains ------------ as anti-nutritional factor. (gossypol)
6. Mango seed kernel contains ------------ as anti-nutritional factor. (tannin)
7. -----------and ------------ are leguminous type of fodders. (Lucerne and berseem)
8. Feed stuff having less than --------- % crude fibre and more than ----- % TDN are called
as concentrates. (18%, 60%)
9. Feed stuff having more than ----------- % crude fibre and less than ----- % TDN are
called as concentrates. (18%, 60%)
10. Respiratory quotient for carbohydrates when oxidized in the body for energy purpose is
---------- (1)
11. Heat increment has three components viz. -------------, --------------- and ------. (heat of
fermentation, heat of nutrient metabolism, heat of digestion)
12. Solvent extracted cakes generally contain less than ------% oil. (0.5to 1 %)
13. Salseed meal contains anti-nutritional factor ----------- (tannin)
14. TDN value for oil seed may exceed ----------. (100%)
15. With advancing stage of maturity nutritive value of grasses -------. (reduces)
16. Quality of protein is given more importance in formulating ration for ---------- animals.
(non-ruminant)
17. Raw soybean contains anti-nutritional factor -------------------. (trypsin inhibitor)
18. Meat meal is poor in ----------- amino acid. (methionine)
19. Fishmeal is rich source of --------- amino acid. (essential)
20. In alkali treatment of straws ----------- %, NaOH solution is used. (1.5%)
21. Biological value of egg protein is --------. (94)
22. ----------- and ------- are the sulfur containing amino acids. (methionine and cysteine)
23. Anti-nutritional factor present in green jowar fodder harvested at young stage is
--------------. (hydrocyanic acid)
24. ---------- is the best energy source for poultry. (Maize)
25. ------------ is the best animal protein source for poultry. (fish meal)
26. Wheat bran is a rich source of mineral viz. -------- (phosphorus)
27. Legumes as compared to non-legume contain higher amount of --------------- and ---------
nutrient. (Protein and calcium)
28. Sole feeding of green leguminous fodder causes ------------ in ruminants. (bloat)
29. Among the non- volatile fatty acids ---------- is the predominant acid produced during
silage making. (lactic acid)
30. Among volatile fatty acids ----is the predominant during silage making. (acetic acid)
31. Fodder crops rich in ------are most suitable for silage making. (soluble carbohydrates)
32. Gross energy - Fecal energy = -------------- (Digestible energy)
33. Digestible energy - ------------- = Metabolizable energy. (energy loss in urine & gases)
34. Metabolizable energy - Heat increment = ------------- (Net energy)
35. --------------- feed stuffs has wider nutritive ratio. (straws)
36. The biological value of proteins is dependent on its ------- composition. (amino acid)
37. Bone meal is the good source of minerals, viz. -------- and -----------. (Calcium &
phosphorous.)
38. Formation of ------ in silage making process preserves the green fodder. ( Lactic acid)
39. Desirable temperature in silage fermentation is --- ( 95-100 F)
40. As the level of feeding per unit body weight increases the overall digestibility ---------
( Reduces)
41. Thermogenic effect is difference between ----- and -------- ( ME, NE)
42. The feeding standards based on SE and DCP is given by ------------ ( Kellner) Q: 2:
State whether true or false and correct if necessary
1. Cereal grasses contain more proteins than legume grasses. (False) Ans: Cereal grasses
contain less protein than legume grasses.
2. With advancing stage of maturity nutritive value of grasses increases. (False) Ans: With
advancing stage of maturity, nutritive value of grasses reduces.
3. TDN value of oilseeds may exceed 100. (True)
4. Cotton seed cake contains harmful principal HCN. (False) Ans: Cotton seed cake
contains harmful principle gossypol.
5. Wheat bran is good source of calcium for poultry. (False) Ans: Wheat bran is good
source of phosphorous for poultry.
6. Subabul contains mimosin as anti - nutritional factor. (True)
7. Tree leaves are rich in tannin. (True)
8. Linseed cake contains gossypol as anti - nutritional factor. (False) Ans. Linseed cake
contains linamarin as anti - nutritional factor.
9. Sugar cane tops are rich in oxalates. (True)
10. Quality of protein is given more importance in formulating ration for ruminants.
(False)
Ans. Quality of protein is given more importance in formulating rations for nonruminants.
11. Raw soybean contains anti-nutritional factor viz. linamarin. (False) Ans. Raw soybean
contains anti-nutritional factor trypsin inhibitor. 12. RQ for carbohydrate oxidation in
the body is 0.7. (False) Ans: RQ for carbohydrate oxidation in the body is 1.
13. Gross energy - Fecal energy = Net energy. (False)
Ans: Gross energy -Fecal energy = Digestible energy. 14.
Good silage has alkaline pH. (False) Ans: Good silage
has acidic pH.
15. Lactic acid is the predominant acid produced during silage making. (True)
16. Fodder crops rich in proteins are most suitable for silage making. (False)
Ans: Fodder crops rich in soluble carbohydrates are most suitable for silage making. 17.
Silage has more Vitamin D than hay. (False) Ans: Silage has less Vitamin D than hay.
18. Hay has more carotene than silage. (False) Ans: Silage
has more carotene than hay.
19. Castor seed has toxalbumin called ricin. (True) 20.
Soybean contains anti-vitamin B12 factor. (False) Ans:
Soybean contains trypsin inhibitor.
21. Biological value of animal protein sources is lower as compared to vegetable protein
sources. (False)
Ans: Biological value of animal protein sources is high as compared to vegetable protein
sources.
22. Oil seed meals differ from cakes in having higher protein and lower fat content.
(True)
23. Subabul green forage contains toxic substance dhurrin in the leave dry matter. (False) Ans.
Subabul green forages contains toxic substance mimosine in the leave dry matter.
24. Oxalic acid depresses the utilization of calcium. (True)
25. Fine grinding of roughages increases the digestibility of straw in ruminants. (False) Ans.
Fine grinding of roughages reduces the digestibility of straw in ruminants. 26. Soybean is
rich in methionine. (False) Ans. Soybean is rich in lysine.
27. Chopping of poor quality roughages improves its utility. (True)
28. Straws are poor quality roughages used in dairy cattle. (True)
29. Cereal fodders are richer in calcium than leguminous fodder. (False) Ans: Cereal fodders are
poor in calcium than leguminous fodders.
30. Roasted soybean meal can be used in poultry feed. (True)
31. Soybean meal is good source of animal origin protein. (False) Ans. Soybean meal is good
source of vegetable origin protein.
32. Urea can be used to improve nutritive value of agricultural crop residues. (True)
33. Straws are energy concentrates used for feeding high yielding dairy animals. (False) Ans.
Cereal grains are energy concentrates used for feeding high yielding dairy animals.
34. TDN value of feed can be determined from its nutrient content. (True)
35. DCP value of paddy straw ranges from 0 - 0.01 %. (True)
36. Green legumes are not suitable for silage making. (True)
37. SE value of chaffed fodder is more than unchaffed fodder. (True)
38.Chaffing of roughages saves the wastage and improves its utilization. (True)
39.Carbohydrates stored in animal body is comparatively lower than that of the plant (true)
40.Fat produces 2.25 times more energy as compared to that of CHO.(True)
41.SE value of chaffed fodder is more than unchaffed fodder.( True)
42.Wheat bran is a rich source of calcium. (False) Ans: Wheat bran
is a rich source of phosphorous.
43. Lucerne is perennial legume forage crop (True)
44. Biological value of fishmeal is higher than soybean meal.(True)
45. Sweet flavor of the silage is due to alcohol produced during ensiling. (True)
Q. 3: Answer in brief
1. Fine grinding of feeds will not improve digestibility of nutrients.
Ans. Fine grinding of feeds causes faster rate of passage of feeds through the GIT thereby
these feeds are not exposed to the microbial as well as GIT enzymes for sufficient times,
thereby reducing its digestibility.
2. Use of unconventional feeds in livestock feeding is the need of the day.
Ans: Due to unavailability of conventional feeds and their increasing prices forces the use of
unconventional feeds in livestock feeding.
3. Legume forages improves soil fertility.
Ans: The roots of the leguminous trees fix nitrogen from the atmosphere in the soil thereby
improving soil fertility.
4. Raw cottonseed cake is not used in calf meal.
Ans: Raw cottonseed cake contains gossypol, the anti-nutritional factor. Heat treatment
considerably destroys gossypol.
5. DCP is better than CP as measure of protein quality.
Ans: CP represents gross crude protein content of feed whereas DCP is the part of CP which
is digestible, hence DCP is the better measure for protein quality.
6. Give two examples of unconventional feeds.
Ans: Mango seed kernel, subabul pods, tree leaves, hatchery byproducts, etc.
7. Give two examples of feeds rich in tannin.
Ans: tree leaves, mango seed kernel, salseed meal, etc.
8. Give two examples of animal origin proteins.
Ans: Fishmeal, meat meal, tankages, meat & bone meal, silk worm pupae meal, etc.
9. Give two examples of plant origin proteins.
Ans: Groundnut cake, cottonseed cake, soybean meal, etc.
10. Name any two chemicals used to improve nutritive value of low quality roughages. Ans:
Urea, NaOH.
11. Give two examples of agro industrial by products rich in phosphorus. Ans: Rice polish, rice
bran, wheat bran, etc.
12. Name anti-nutritional factor present in green jowar fodder harvested at young stage.
Ans: Hydrocyanic acid (HCN)
13. State one example of good quality productive type legume fodder. Ans: Lucerne fodder.
14. State one example of feed stuff with wide nutritive ratio (NR). Ans: All cereal straws.
15. With advancing stage of maturity, nutritive value of grasses reduces.
Ans: With advancing stage of maturity, cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin (that constitutes
crude fiber and less digestible part of plant body) increases in proportion, thereby reducing
the nutritive value of grasses. In addition, at maturity, all the nutrients of plant are diverted to
flowers and seeds.
16. Why TDN value of oil seeds sometimes exceed 100%.
Ans: While calculating TDN, ether extract value is multiplied by factor 2.25. Oilseeds
contain more than 40% ether extract, hence value for TDN exceeds 100%.
17. Define roughages.
Ans: Feed stuffs having more than 18% crude fiber and less than 60% TDN are called as
roughages.
18. Define concentrates.
Ans: Feedstuffs having less than 18% crude fiber and more than 60% TDN are called as
concentrates.
19. Define Biological Value (BV) of proteins.
Ans: BV of proteins is defined as the percentage of the absorbed protein, which is retained
by the body.
20. How oxalic acid depresses the calcium utilization?
Ans: Oxalic acid binds with the calcium to form compound calcium oxalate, which is not
degradable by body enzymes, thereby making calcium unavailable for the animal.
21. What is gross energy of the feed?
Ans: Gross energy of the feed is the amount of heat/ energy produced in complete oxidation
of feed in bomb calorimeter and is expressed in unit calories/ Joule.
22. What is ME (metabolizable energy)?
Ans: Gross energy - energy lost in feces, urine and combustible gases = ME.
23. What is DE (Digestible energy)?
Ans: Gross energy - energy lost in feces = DE.
24. What is NE (Net energy)?
Ans: It is the part of gross energy, which is available to the animal for the maintenance and
production purpose. GE - Energy loss in faces, urine, combustible gases and for heat
increment = NE
25. What are the components of HI (Heat of increment)?

Ans: HI = Heat of fermentation + Heat of nutrient metabolism + Work of digestion (SDA)
Q: 4: Match the pairs
A B
a. Cotton seed cake i) Animal protein source

b. Maize ii) Legume fodder
c. Fish meal iii) Gossypol
d. Physical treatment iv) High energy source
e. Lucerne v) Chopping
Ans: a) iii, b) iv, c) i, d) v, e) ii
Match the pairs
A B
a. Subabul leaves i) Tannin
b. Sugar cane tops ii) Mimosine
c. Linseed cake iii) Gossypol
d. Cottonseed cake iv) Oxalic acid
e. Mango seed kernel v) Linamarin
Ans: a) ii, b) iv, c) v, d) iii, e) i
Match the pairs

A B
a. Carbonaceous concentrates i) Bone meal
b. Proteinaceous concentrates ii) Napier grass
c. Leguminous fodder iii) Maize grains
d. Rich source of minerals iv) Lucerne grass
e. Non-legume fodder v) Ground nut cake
Ans: a) iii, b) v, c) iv, d) i, e) ii
Match the pairs
A B
a. GE - energy loss in feces i) ME
b. GE - energy loss in feces, urine & gas ii) HI
c. ME - Heat increment iii) DE
d. Heat of fermentation + iv) NE
Heat of nutrient metabolism +
Heat of digestion
Ans a) iii , b) i , c) iv, d) ii
Match the pairs

A B
a. Water hyacinth i) Aflatoxin
b. Salseed meal ii) Oxalates
c. Ground nut cake iii) Tannin
d. Lucerne iv) Gossypol
e. Cotton seed cake v) Saponin
Ans . a) ii , b) iii, c) i, d) v e) iv
Match the pairs

A B
a. Maintenance type roughage i) Paddy straw
b. Productive type roughage ii) Lucerne
c. Non - maintenance type roughage iii) Maize grains
d. Protein concentrate iv) Green jowar
e. Energy concentrate v) Ground nut cake
Ans . a) iv , b) ii, c) i, d) v, e) iii
Match the pairs

A B
a. Animal origin protein concentrate i) Rice bran
b. Plant origin protein concentrate ii) Hormones
c. Agro industrial byproducts iii) Maize
d. Feed additives iv) Cotton seed cake
e. Energy concentrate v) Fish meal
Ans . a) v , b) iv, c) i, d) ii, e) iii
Match the pairs
A B
a. Kellner i)Thomas Mitchel value
b. Atwater ii) Poor quality roughages
c. Urea-Ammoniation iii) Starch equivalent
d. Biological value iv) Physiological fuel value
e. UDP v) Insoluble protein
Ans . a) iii , b) iv, c) ii, d)i, e) v
Q: 5: Choose the correct/ appropriate answer.
1. Subabool contains -------- as anti-nutritional factor .

a) mimosine b) gossypol c) saponin d) linamarin
2. Sugarcane tops contains ----------- as anti-nutritional factor .
a) carbonic acid b) saponin c) oxalic acid d) gossypol
3. Linseed cake contains ------------ as anti-nutritional factor.
a) linamarin b)mimosine c) gossypol d) saponin
4. Cotton seed cake contains ------------ as anti-nutritional factor .
a) linamarin b)mimosine c) gossypol d) saponin
5. Mango seed kernel contains ------------ as anti-nutritional factor.
a) oxalic acid b)mimosine c) tannin d) saponin
6. --------------- scientist discovered the concept of starch equivalent.
a) Kellner b) Armsby c) Atwater d) Lavoisier 7. 1 kcal = ------KJ.
a) 4.184 b)5.184 c) 3.814 d) 6.814
8. 1 KJ = ---------- Kcal.
a) 0.539 b) 0.239 c) 0.339 d) 0.349
9. Proximate principles viz. -------------- is not considered while calculating TDN value of
feedstuff.
a) crude protein b)crude fibre c) nitrogen free extract d) total ash
10. Proximate principle viz. -------------- is multiplied by 2.25 while calculating TDN value of
feedstuff.
a) crude protein b)crude fibre c) ether extract d) total ash
11. Among volatile fatty acids ----------- is the predominant during silage making.
a) acetic acid b)propionic acid c) butyric acid d) valeric acid
12. Solvent extracted oilseed residues generally contain less than ------ % oil.
a) 3 - 5 b) 2 - 3 c) 0.5 - 1 d) 5 - 7
13.Crops rich in--------------are most suitable for silage making.
a)soluble sugar, b) protein, c) fat, d) minerals
14. The physiological fuel values were introduced by ----------.
a) Atwater b) Morrison c) Crompton d) Maynard.
15. ---------- crop is most suitable for silage making.
a)sorghum b) berseem c) guar d) cowpea
16. ---------- crop is most suitable for hay making.
a)sorghum b) maize c) bajra d) lucerne
17. Respiratory quotient for carbohydrates when oxidized in the body for energy purpose is --
--------.
a) 0.1 b) 0.01 c) 1 d) 10
18. Respiratory quotient for protein when oxidized in the body for energy purpose is -----
-----
a) 0.8 b) 0.01 c) 1 d) 10
19. Respiratory quotient for fat when oxidized in the body for energy purpose is ----------. a)
0.1 b) 0.8 c) 0.7 d) 1
20. ---------has wider nutritive ratio.
a) Cereal grain b)ground nut cake c) straw d) cottonseed cake 21.
---------has narrow nutritive ratio.
a) maize grain b)ground nut cake c) straw d) jowar grain 22.
---------has medium nutritive ratio.
a) Cereal grain, b) ground nut cake, c) straw, d) cottonseed cake 23.
Wheat bran is rich source of mineral viz.-------------.
a) Calcium, b) phosphorous, c) sodium, d) molybdenum 24.
The physiological fuel value of fat is ----------.
a) 4.0, b) 9.0, c) 2.25, d) none of above
25. The physiological fuel value of carbohydrate and protein is ----------.
a) 4.0, b) 9.25, c) 2.25, d) none of the above 26.
Biological value of egg protein is --------
a) 84, b) 94, c) 74, d) 64
27. The brown colour silage is due to pigment ------ a magnesium free derivative of
chlorophyll.
a) Phaecophytin, b)Chlorophyll c) Lignin, d) Tanin
28. Losses of nutrient which occur in hay making in rainy seasons is -------
a)Leaching, b) Blaeaching, c) Shattering, d) Fermentation
29.RDP and UDP is the measurement of --- quality in ruminants.
a) Protein b) Fat, c) CHO, d) Minerals
30. Solvent extracted cakes generally contain less than -----
a)0.5, b) 1.0, c) 1.5, d)2
31. Methane contains ------ Kcal energy/ gm.
a) 13, b) 18, c) 23, d) 28
32. --------- is/are the measure of protein quality for non-ruminants.
a)PER, b) BV, c) NPU, d) All the above
Q .6 Answer the following
1. Why conservation of fodder is necessary? What are the ideal characteristics of good
quality silage?
2. Why processing of poor quality roughages is necessary? Enlist various methods of

processing poor quality roughages.
3. Define TDN. What are the factors affecting TDN value of feeds and fodders.
4. Estimate TDN content of feedstuff from following.
Nutrients Percentage Digestibility coefficients

Crude protein 20 80
Ether extract 4 78
Crude fibre 45 60
NFE 27 76
Total Ash 4 --
5. Enlist agro industrial byproducts used in feeding of livestock and poultry with their
limitations.
6. Enlist different measures for energy evaluation of feedstuffs. Which one you consider
superior and why?
7. Enlist different measures of evaluation of protein quality of feeds and explain
biological value of feeds.
8. What is the basic principle in fodder conservation? What are the advantages of silage
making?
9. Give the classification of feedstuff with one example of each class.
10. Enlist different methods of evaluation of protein quality for ruminants. Discuss un-
degradable protein (UDP).
11. Give the detail method of silage making with its merits and demerits.
12. Give the detail method of hay making with its merits and demerits.
13. Enlist different measures for energy evaluation of feedstuffs. Explain in brief about
starch Equivalent of feed.
QUESTION BANK
Course No: ANN-222 Credits : 1+1=2
Title: Applied Nutrition -II
I-OBJECTIVES
A) MATCH THE COLUMNS:
1. A B
1) Cereals - 1) 25-27% Carbohydrate.
2) Ripe banana - 2) 50 kcal / 100g.
3) Vegetables - 3) 5 % Carbohydrates
4) Milk - 4) 350 kcal / 100 g.
5) Pulses - 5) 20 % protein.
Key : ( 1-4 ) ( 2-1 ) ( 3-2 ) (4-3 ) ( 5-5 ).
2. A B
1) Milk - 1) Gluten
2) Albumin - 2) Casein
3) Wheat - 3) Corn
4) Fish - 4) Egg white
5) Zein - 5) Complete protein.
Key : ( 1-2 ) ( 2-4 ) ( 3-1 ) ( 4-5 ) ( 5-3 ).
3. A B
1) Lard - 1) Unsaturated fatty acid
2) olive oil - 2) Essential fatty acid
3) Linoleic - 3) Saturated fatty
4) Lysine - 4) Lipo protein
5) Egg yolk - 5) Essential amino acid
Key : (1-3) (2-1) (3-2) (4-5) (5-4).
4. A B
1) Thiamin - 1) Night blindness
2) Riboflvin - 2) Beri-beri
3) Vitamin‘A’ - 3) Cheilosis
4) Vitamin‘C’ - 4) Pellagra
5) Niacin - 5) Scurvy
Key : ( 1-2) (2-3) (3-1) (4-5) (5-4).
5. A B
1) Vitamin‘D’ - 1) Help collagen formation

2) Vitamin‘C’ - 2) Converts vit.’A’ to retinol
3) Niacin - 3) Increases activity of phytase.
4) Riboflavin - 4) Sunlight aggravates the condition

of dermatitis.
5) Pellagra - 5) Essential for conversion of

tryptophan to niacin.
Key : (1-3) (2-1) (3-2) (4-5) (5-4).
6. A B
1) Liver - 1) Goitre
2) Iodine - 2) Lathyrism
3) Kesari dal - 3) Iron
4) Calcium - 4) Avidin
5) Egg white - 5) Tetany
Key : (1-3) (2-1) (3-2) )4-5) (5-4).
7. A B
1) Marasmus - 1) Acute
2) Pellagra - 2) Chronic
3) Kwashiorkor - 3) Niacin
4) Cheilosis - 4) Ariboflavinosis
5) Iron deficiency - 5) Anaemia
Key : (1-2) (2-3) (3-1) (4-4) (5-5).

8. A B
1) High fiber diet 1) Toxemias of pregnancy/preparation for
surgery.
2) High carbohydrate diet 2) Gastric and duodenal ulcers
3) Bland diet 3) Obesity
4) Sugar free diet

4) Diabetes
5) High iron & Vit. C diet 5) Anaemia
Key : (1-3) (2-1) (3-2) (4-4) (5-5) .
9. A B
1) Amla - 1) Essential fatty acid
2) Linoleic acid
- 2) Beriberi
3) Avidin - 3) Anaemia
- 4) Biotin
4) Thiamin
5) Iron deficiency - 5) Vitamin ‘C’ source
Key: ( 1-5) (2-1) (3-4)( 4-2) (5-3).
10. A B
1) Zein 1) Coprophagy
2) Albumin 2) Egg yolk
3) Lipo-protein 3) Corn
4) Guinea pig 4) Egg white

5) Rabbit 5) Vitamin C
Key: (1-3 ) (2-4) (3-2) (4-5) (5-1)
11. A B
1) Cats 1) Coprophagy
2) Rabbits 2) Low protein diet
3) Guinea pig 3) High salt diet
4) Liver dissease 4) Vitamin C
5) Urolithiasis 5) Taurine
Key: (1-5) (2-1) (3-4) (4-2) (5-3)
B) FILL IN THE BLANKS:
1) Human brain, nerves and lung tissues need ----------------- as a source of energy.
(Key: Glucose)
2) ---------------------- g of carbohydrates is required to avoid symptoms of abnormal fat

metabolism, breakdown of body protein, increased Na.
excretion, loss of energy and fatigue. (Key: 50-100 g,)
3) ------------------ form the largest fraction of human diet. (Key: cereals).
4) Most widely used cereal in the word is --------------. (Key: rice)
5) Starch in rice consists of ---------------------- and ----------------.
(Key: amylose, amylopectin).
6) Carbohydrates found in animal sources are _________ and __________.

(Key: glycogen, lactose.)
7) ------------------- % of total calories in the diet should be supplied by proteins. (Key: 10-
15)
8) Vitamin ‘A’ deficiency leads to _________________. (Key: night blindness).
9) Thiamin deficiency leads to ________________. (Key: beri -beri ).
10) Classical symptom of beri-beri is ______________. (Key: wrist drop foot drop
syndrome).
11) ----------------- are good sources of thiamin. (Key: Cereals/ pulses)
12) Riboflavin deficiency leads to ------------------. (Key: ariboflavinosis)
13) Classical symptom of pellagra is -------------------. (Key: casals’ necklace/

casals’ collar ).
14. Amino acid -------------has some niacin activity. (Key: tryptophan)
15. Amla is an excellent source of ------------------. (Key: Vitamin’C’)
16. Excess consumption and absorption of iron leads to ______________. (Key:

siderosis/ cirrhosis of liver).
17. Iodine deficiency in infants leads to ______________. (Key: cretinism).
18. Chicken contains _____________% fibre. (Key: 0/zero)
19. Groundnut oil contains __________% fat. (Key: 80)
20. On heating a food containing amino acid radicle and reducing sugar, a brown reaction
takes place which is known as____________ reaction. (Key:
maillard)
21. __________ is the richest source of vitamin C. (Key: amla)
22. Vegans suffer from _______________. (Key: B12 deficiency

anaemia/megaloblastic anaemia)
23. 100 ml of cow’s milk gives _____ g of protein. (Key: 3.4)
24. Wrist drop foot drop is a typical symptom of ______________. (Key: beri-beri)
25. ____________ is considered as reference protein in human diet. (Key: egg)
26. Brinjal is rich source of ______________ mineral. (Key: potassium)

27. Pups are weaned at the age of ________ weeks. (Key: 6-8 weeks)
28. Human beings need ______ g of protein/kg body weight/day. (Key: one/1)
29. __________ is a complete food. (Key: egg/meat/milk/any non-veg. food)
30. Most cereals lack ___________, an essential amino acid. (Key: lysine)
31. __________cannot convert pro-vitamin A into Vitamin A in their body. (Key: cat)
C) CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER:
1.Classical symptom of beri-beri is ______________.

a. wrist drop-foot drop syndrome
b. casal’s necklace
c. scarlet tongue
d. cheilosis.
(Key: wrist drop-foot drop syndrome) 2.
Niacin deficiency leads to _______________.
a. Marasmus
b. Pellagra
c. beri-beri
d. scurvy.
(Key: pellagra)
3. Biological value of egg is _________.
a. 50
b. 70
c. 85
d. 100
(Key: 100)
4.___________, an essential amino acid, is deficient in pulses.
a. Cystine
b. Leucine
c. Lysine
d. Methionine
(Key: Methionine)
5.. ____________is an essential fatty acid that cures exema.
a. Lysine
b. Arachidonic
c. Linolenic
d. Linoleic
(Key: Linoleic)
5. Oedema is commonly seen in ------------------------
a. Marasmus
b. Rickets
c. Kwashiorkor
d. Hypervitaminosis A
(Key: Kwashiorkor)
6. Gliadin is a protein found in -----------------
a. Rice
b. Wheat
c. Corn
d. Jowar
(Key: Wheat)
7. An amino acid that adult cat requires through diet unlike dogs is ---------------- a.
Methionine
b. Cystine
c. Arginine
d. Leucine
(Key: Arginine)
8. Cats may go blind due to dietary deficiency of -------------
a. Tyrosine
b. Iso-leucine
c. Taurine
d. Tryptophan
(Key: Taurine)
9. Fat content of coconut oil is -----------------
a. 50%
b. 70%
c. 100%
d. 80%
(Key: 100%)
10. Phosphorus deficiency in dogs leads to
a. Pica
b. Dermatitis
c. Blindness
d. Diarrhoea
(Key: Pica)
11. In urolithiasis, % of ------------- should be increased
a. Fat
b. Protein
c. Salt
d. Carbohydrate
(Key: Salt)
12. In cardiac insufficiency ------------- should be reduced drastically
a. Protein
b. Carbohydrate
c. Salt
d. Calcium
(Key: Salt)
13. Among the commercial pet foods most palatable food is ----------
a. Dry foods
b. Soft moist foods
c. Canned foods
d. Baked biscuits
(Key: Canned foods)
D) GIVE ONE WORD ANSWER:
1. One energy giving nutrient (Key: fat/carbohydrate)
2. Body building nutrient (Key: protein)
3. Regulating nutrient (Key: vitamin/mineral)
4. Wet method of cooking (Key: boiling/steaming)
5. Dry method of cooking (Key: baking/roasting/frying)
6. Fruit rich in vitamin-C (Key: amla/guava/grape fruit/orange & other cytrus fruits)
7. Domestic beverages (Key: tea/coffee/sharbats/lassi)
8. Types of commercial foods for dog.

(Key : Dry foods, Soft moist foods, Canned foods)
9. Food preservative (Key: sodium benzoate/nisin/salt/sugar/propionic acid)
10. Full form of HTST (Key: High Temperature Short Time)
11. Deficiency of amino acid that causes blindness in cats. (Key: Taurine)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
E) STATE WHETHER THE STATEMENTS GIVEN BELOW ARE TRUE OR FALSE,

CORRECTING THE STATEMENT IF FALSE:
1) Water is a nutrient. (Key: True)

2) Carbohydrate performs the function of body-building. (Key: False;
Carbohydrate performs the function of giving energy.)
3) Fat soluble vitamins give energy. (Key: False; Vitamins perform the function of
regulating body.)
4) Rice is a rich source of fat and iron. (Key: False; Rice is a rich source of
carbohydrates/ Rice is a poor source of fat and iron.)
5) Inulin and pectin are good sources of carbohydrate and protein. (Key: False; They
are polysaccharides that have no nutritive value.)
6) Digestion of rice begins in stomach. (Key: False; Digestion of rice begins in

mouth.)
7) Avocado pear and olive are the fruits that are rich in fat. (Key: True.)
8) Tyrosine and cystine are dietary essential for man. (Key: False; Tyrosine and
cystine are non-essential for man.)
9) Fatty acids are oxidised for energy directly by resting muscle and heart. (Key:
True)
10) Excess consumption of Thiamin (Vit. B1) can be toxic. (Key: False; Excess
consumption of Thiamin (Vit. B1) is not toxic since it is water soluble, excess
gets excreted through urine)
11) Excess consumption vitamin ‘A’ can be toxic. (Key: True)
12) Cheilosis is a classical symptom of ariboflavinosis. (Key: True)
13) Vitamin ‘C’ helps absorption of iron. (Key: True)
14) Ferrous form of iron is more readily absorbed than ferric form. (Key: True)
15) Phytates hinder iron absorption. (Key: True)
16) Phytates enhance iron and ca absorption. (Key: False; Phytates bind iron and
calcium and make them unavailable)
17) In goiter BMR is reduced. (Key: True)
18) A normal human body contains 7% protein. (Key:False; A normal human body
contains 17% protein)
19) Fat soluble vitamins are more sensitive to heat than water soluble vitamins. (Key:
False; Fat soluble vitamins are less sensitive/more stable to heat than water
soluble vitamins)
20) Brinjal is rich source of potassium. (Key: True)
21) Cooking of egg should be done properly before eating. (Key: True)
22) While cooking rice, excess water should be discarded.

(Key: False; The water in which rice is cooked contains vitamin B-complex
and dissolved starch.)
23) Cat can not convert carotene into vitamin A in body. (Key: True)
24) Nursing mothers require higher quantity of calcium. (Key: True)
25) Arginine is dietary essential in guinea pigs. (Key: True)
26) At birth, eyes of pups are closed. (Key: True)
27) Coprophagy is seen in rabbits. (Key: True)
28) Vita. ‘C’ is dietary essential in guinea pigs. (Key: True)
29) Water is a nutrient. (Key: True)
30) Tea should be avoided by children and pregnant mothers. (Key: True)
31) Requirement of energy is more crucial in infants than protein. (Key: True)
32) Patients suffering from vitamin B12 deficiency anaemia should be given leafy
vegetables. (Key: False; vitamin B12 is present only in non-vegetarian sources.)
33) Pups are weaned at the age of 6-8 weeks. (Key: True )
34) Avidin is present is buffalo’s milk. (Key: False; It is present in egg)
35) Cat can not convert pro-vitamin -A in to Vitamin- A. (Key: True)
36) Moisture content of commercial dry foods is higher than canned foods.
(Key: True)
37) Cats require a dietary source of arachidonic acid. (Key :True)

38) Cats require dietary supply of Taurine. (Key: True)
39) Feline species are able to synthesize nicotinic acid from tryptophan . (Key : False,
Feline species are unable to synthesize nicotinic acid from tryptophan.)
40) Dogs and cats do not need a dietary supply of Vitamin - C. (Key: True)
41) Guinea pigs require dietary supply of vitamin -C. (Key: True)
42) FLUTD means Feline Lower Urinary Tract Disease . (Key: True)
43) Dietary Vitamin C is not required by dogs. (Key: True)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
F) CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER:

1) Most sensitive vitamins is
a) Vitamins ‘A’
b) Vitamins ‘B’
c) Vitamins ‘C’
d) Vitamins ‘D’
Key: (Vitamins ‘C’)
2) Chemical preservative used in cheese is
a) propionic acid
b) Nisin
c) Bengoic acid
d) Sodium nitrate
Key: (Nisin)
3) Preservative used in bread is
a) Sodium chloride
b) Bengoic acid
c) Propionic acid
d) Sugar
Key: (Propionic acid)
4) The rays used in irradiation of foods is -
a) Alpha-rays
b) Beta-rays
c) Gamma-rays
d) X-rays Key: (Gamma-rays) 5) Coconut oil is rich in
a) MUFA
b) PUFA
c) SFA
d) Carbonhydrate
Key: (MUFA)
6) Limiting amino acid in pulses is
a) Methionine
b) Lysine
c) Tyrosine
d) Typtophan Key : (Methionine)
7) Limiting amino acid in cereals in
a) Leucine
b) Lysine
c) Methionine
d) Histidine Key: (Lysine)
8) Most stable vitamin is -
a) Thiamine
b) Vitamin C
c) Vitamins A
d) Riboflavin. Key: (Vitamins A)
9) Koilonychia is a symptom of
a) Iron deficiency
b) Vitamin K deficiency
c) Iodine deficiency
d) Riboflavin deficiency
Key: (Iron deficiency)
10) Cretinism is seen in
a) Iodine deficiency
b) Children born to alcoholic mothers
c) Calcium deficiency
e) Vit. D deficiency
Key: (Iodine deficiency)
11) Maillard reaction takes place when dry heat is given to food containing
a) Sugar.
b) Lysine and sugar.
c) Apple is cut and exposed to air
d) Banana is kept at low temperature.
Key: (Lysine and sugar)
12) When a fruit is cut and exposed to oxygen in the atmosphere
a) ascorbic acid dehydrogenance is liberated and activated
b) ascorbic acid oxidase is liberated and activated
c) No enzyme gets released.
d) Fructose gets vaporised
Key: (ascorbic acid oxidase is liberated and activated)
13) Soyabeans cantain
a) Lathryrogens and tannins.
b) Cyanogenic glycosides & haemagglutinins.
c) Favism and trypsin inhibitors
d) Trypsin inhibitors and lypoxygenase.
Key: (Trypsin inhibitors and lypoxygenase)
14) Mould inhibitor used in preservation of grains
a) Citric acid
b) Lactic acid
c) Propionic acid
d) None of these
Key: (Propionic acid)
15) Preservative preferred in preservation of fruit products
a) Vinegar
b) Sodium benzoate
c) Sodium metabisulphite
d) Propionic acid.
Key: (Sodium benzoate)
16) Average ME requirement (Kcal/Kg.metabolic body size) of a mature dog is
a) 132
b) 188
c) 174
d) 120.
Key: ( 132 kcal/ kg metabolic body size )
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
G) GIVE TWO EXAMPLES EACH OF:
1) Complete protein foods. (Key:
Any non-veg food) 2) Chemical
preservatives used.
(Key: Sodium benzoate, NaCl/Propionic acid) 3) Foods
yielding empty calories.
(Key: Sugar, Oil)
4) Types of commercial foods for dog.
(Key: Dry foods, Soft moist foods, Canned foods) 5) Simple
methods of domestic preservation of food.
(Key: Sun drying, preservation using salt

6) One dietary essential amino acid and one dietary essential vitamin typical in guinea pigs.
(Key: Arginine, Vitamin C) 7)
Sources of fat.
(Key: Lard, Vegetable oil/Butter) 8)
Sources of Vitamin A.
(Key: Green leafy vegetables, Liver/yellow fruits & vegetables)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
II-SHORT QUESTIONS
A) GIVE SCIENTIFIC REASON
1. Frozen green peas taste sweeter than fresh peas which have travelled long distances to
reach the market and finally the consumer.
(Key: because before freezing, peas are blanched promptly after harvesting. This
inactivates the enzymes that bring about change in taste and flavor.)
2. Calcium from milk is more efficiently utilized.

(Key: Lactose present in milk is converted to lactic acid during digestion
which provides excellent acidic medium for absorption and utilization of calcium.)
3. Egg is chosen as a reference protein.
(Key: Biological value of egg is close to 100, being the highest; also the amino acid
pattern is close to the requirement of human for growth. Further, the digestibility is also
high.)
4. Consumption of green leafy vegetables can cure night blindness.

(Key: Leafy vegetables are a good source of vitamin ‘A’ which helps to cure weight
blindness.)
5. In goiter obesity is common.

(Key: Total metabolism becomes sluggish, oxidation-reduction is slow and
energy gets stored.)
6. It is preferable to cook vegetables in minimum amount of water and vessel covered

with a lid.
(Key: To preserve vitamins and volatile compounds to greater extent.)
7. Excessive heating of proteins in presence of free reducing sugar is to be avoided.

(Key: Amino acids, lysine combines with reducing sugar rendering the amino acid
unavailable.)
8. Heating / autoclaving of soybean is advantageous.

(Key: It helps to destroy trypsin inhibitors and other anti-nutritional factors thus
improving the protein quality.)
9. An overdose of Vitamin-D is to be avoided.

(Key: Being fat soluble it gets deposited in body; it leads to deposition of calcium in
organs and soft tissues.)
10. Washing rice with large quantity of water and repeated scrubbing must be avoided. (Key:
It removes 40-45% of vitamins, especially thiamin and niacin, and minerals from the
surface of rice which is lost in water.)
11. Root vegetables do not suffer much loss of nutrients by either wet or dry method of
cooking.
(Key: Outer skin of root vegetable prevents leaching of nutrients.)
12. Patients suffering from B12 deficiency anaemia should be given non-vegetarian foods.
(Key: Vitamin B12 is only present in non-vegetarian sources.)
13. While cooking rice, the excess water should not be discarded.
(Key: The water in which rice is cooked contains vitamin B-complex and dissolved
starch.)
14. In kwashiorkor oedema develops.
(Key: Kwashiorkor develops due to protein deficiency. When protein level of blood goes
down, due to difference in osmotic pressure water from the blood is drawn out into the
interstitial space leading to oedema.)
15. Cooking of egg should be done properly before eating.
(Key: Raw egg contains an anti-nutritional factor, avidin, which binds Biotin
making it unavailable. This avidin is heat sensitive and can be inactivated by cooking the
egg.)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
B) DEFINE
1. Balanced diet
2. Nutrient
3. Reference protein
4. Complete protein
5. Partially complete protein
6. Incomplete protein
7. Essential fatty acid
8. Essential amino acid
9. Malnutrition
10. Nutrition

1. Describe the significance of breast feeding.
2. Write about the following :
a. Feeding of nursing mothers.
b. Carbohydrates and proteins of guinea pigs nutrition.
c. Malnutrition.
3.Write an account of the following.
a. Precaution while feeding dogs.
b. Special features of cat feeding.
4. Write briefly about effect of processing on nutritive value of foodstuffs.
5. Write about the following
a. Classify the human foods and write about the importance of protective foods in human
diet.
b. What are the principles involved in food preservation.
6. Describe in brief importance, principle and methods of food preservation.
7. Explain the following
a. Animal products, cereals, legumes, sunflower seeds and peanut proteins as source of selected
amino acids. OR
b. General functions of the mineral.
c. Five food groups
d. Major functions of lipid
a. ICMR classification of activities based on occupation.
b. Functions of water.
c. Composition of adult human and animal body.
9. Discuss dietary modifications during old age and reason of thereof.
a. Food sources of Vitamin-A and thiamin
b. Importance of colostrum
11. Describe the factors to be considered in planning a diet for pre-school child.
12. What are the factors that affect calcium absorption in human body?
13. What is the protein-energy malnutrition? State the preventive measures that need to be taken.
14.State the methods of food preservation of foods. Discuss any one.
15. What are different vitamins important to human beings? Discuss the role of vitaminA in
humans.
16. Discuss the factors responsible for malnutrition in human.
17. Discuss the effect of preservation of food and suggest suitable methods of preservation of
vegetables and animal products.
18. Define balanced diet and propose dietary allowances for advance pregnant woman.
19. Classify the human foods and write the importance of protective foods in human diet.
20. Discuss the importance of Iron in our body.
21.What is PEM ? State the difference between Marasmus and Kwashiorkar.
22. What are the factors that affect iron absorption in human body.?
23. What is PEM ? State the preventive measures that need to be taken.
24. Define balanced diet and propose dietary allowances for lactating woman.
25. Explain principles of dog feeding.
26. Discuss feeding of rabbit.
27. Compare human milk with other animal’s milk.
28. How cooking of food causes loss of vitamins.
29.Explain why iron deficiency is common in pregnant women.
30. Discuss feeding of Guinea pig.
31. Discuss feeding of mice.
32 Discuss characteristic features of cat feeding.
33. Discuss feeding of rat.
34.Explain feeding of pregnant bitches.
35.Explain feeding of lactating bitches.
36.Explain feeding of Orphan pups.
37.Explain feeding of Kittens.
38. Explain feeding of pregnant and lactating cats.

Nutrition 3

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What are the factors that affect calcium absorption in human body?

What are the factors that affect calcium absorption in human body?

Discuss the importance of Iron in our body.

Discuss the importance of Iron in our body.

DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

Define the following

Answer in one sentence

Answer the following

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1.e, 2.c, 3. d , 4. a , 5.b

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1.d, 2.c, 3. b , 4. e , 5.a

Match the pairs

Answer the following

1) Enlist different methods of feeding experiments. Discuss comparative feeding trial

Differentiate the following

1. ARC feeding standards and NRC feeding standards.

Explain the following

1 HCN poisoning in animals

Choose the correct answer from the following

1. The heat of Increment of feeding ruminants coined by

Q2. State true or false and correct if necessary.

Q3.Match the pairs

Match the pairs

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Match the pairs

Q4.Define the following

Q7: Choose the correct /most appropriate answer.

Q8. Subjective type of questions

Q9.Write short notes

Q: 1 Fill in the blanks

25. What are the components of HI (Heat of increment)?

Q: 4: Match the pairs

a. Cotton seed cake i) Animal protein source

Ans: a) iii, b) iv, c) i, d) v, e) ii

Match the pairs

Ans: a) ii, b) iv, c) v, d) iii, e) i

Match the pairs

Ans: a) iii, b) v, c) iv, d) i, e) ii

Match the pairs

Ans a) iii , b) i , c) iv, d) ii

Match the pairs

Match the pairs

Ans . a) iv , b) ii, c) i, d) v, e) iii

Match the pairs

Ans . a) v , b) iv, c) i, d) ii, e) iii

Match the pairs

6) Carbohydrates found in animal sources are _ and __.