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    Emerging Urbanisation Trends: The Case of Karachi: Working Paper

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    Sarmad Aslam
    The document summarizes emerging urbanization trends in Karachi, Pakistan. It discusses how Karachi has become the fastest growing city in the world and now has a population of over 20 million people. It also generates a significant portion of Pakistan's GDP and tax revenues. However, Karachi has faced issues related to ethnicity, conflict, and governance. Specifically, it notes how the ethnic composition of the city has changed since partition, with Urdu speakers now being the largest group instead of Sindhi speakers. This has political and social implications as Karachi is the capital of the predominantly Sindhi province of Sindh.

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    Emerging Urbanisation Trends: The Case of Karachi: Working Paper

    Uploaded by

    Sarmad Aslam
    31 views3 pages
    The document summarizes emerging urbanization trends in Karachi, Pakistan. It discusses how Karachi has become the fastest growing city in the world and now has a population of over 20 million people. It also generates a significant portion of Pakistan's GDP and tax revenues. However, Karachi has faced issues related to ethnicity, conflict, and governance. Specifically, it notes how the ethnic composition of the city has changed since partition, with Urdu speakers now being the largest group instead of Sindhi speakers. This has political and social implications as Karachi is the capital of the predominantly Sindhi province of Sindh.

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    Emerging Urbanization Trends: The case of Karachi

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    Hasan 2016 Academic Paper

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    The document summarizes emerging urbanization trends in Karachi, Pakistan. It discusses how Karachi has become the fastest growing city in the world and now has a population of over 20 million people. It also generates a significant portion of Pakistan's GDP and tax revenues. However, Karachi has faced issues related to ethnicity, conflict, and governance. Specifically, it notes how the ethnic composition of the city has changed since partition, with Urdu speakers now being the largest group instead of Sindhi speakers. This has political and social implications as Karachi is the capital of the predominantly Sindhi province of Sindh.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    31 views3 pages

    Emerging Urbanisation Trends: The Case of Karachi: Working Paper

    Uploaded by

    Sarmad Aslam
    The document summarizes emerging urbanization trends in Karachi, Pakistan. It discusses how Karachi has become the fastest growing city in the world and now has a population of over 20 million people. It also generates a significant portion of Pakistan's GDP and tax revenues. However, Karachi has faced issues related to ethnicity, conflict, and governance. Specifically, it notes how the ethnic composition of the city has changed since partition, with Urdu speakers now being the largest group instead of Sindhi speakers. This has political and social implications as Karachi is the capital of the predominantly Sindhi province of Sindh.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 3

    Working paper

    Emerging
    urbanisation
    trends:
    The case of
    Karachi

    Arif Hasan
    May 2016
    When citing this paper, please
    use the title and the following
    reference number:
    C-37319-PAK-1
    Emerging Urbanization Trends: The case of Karachi

    By
    Arif Hasan
    16 May 2016

    This paper is derived from a PowerPoint presentation made by the author at the Conference on
    Urban Marginality held at LUMS, Lahore in March 2016. Only those trends that formed a part of
    the presentation are discussed below. They have a strong similarity with trends in other South
    Asian mega cities.

    1. Ethnicity, Conflict and Governance Issues

    Pakistan is a federation of four provinces. Sindh is the south-eastern province and Karachi is its
    capital. According to pre-census results conducted in 2013, it is the fastest growing city in the
    world1. It is also Pakistan’s largest city and its only port. Its 2010 population was estimated at
    15.4 million while its current population is estimated to have reached over 20 million. Based on
    these figures, it is further estimated that 9% of Pakistan’s total population and 24% of the
    country’s urban population, lives in Karachi. The city also generates 15% of the national GDP,
    25% of the revenues, and 62% of the total income tax2. There are also powerful federal land-
    owning interests in the city in the form of the Karachi Port Trust (KPT), Port Qasim, Customs,
    Civil Aviation Authority (CAA), Railways and the armed forces and their various industrial and
    real estate activities.

    Karachi’s relationship with the rest of Sindh is complex. According to the last census, the city
    contains 62% of Sindh’s urban population and 30% of its total population and 22% of all of
    Pakistan’s urban population while the country’s second largest city, Lahore (capital of Punjab
    province), contains only 7% of Punjab’s total population3. Karachi’s large-scale industrial sector
    employs 71.6% of the total industrial labour force in Sindh; the city produces 74.8% of the
    province’s total industrial output and contains 78% of its formal private sector jobs 4.

    Before the partition of India that accompanied the creation of Pakistan, 61% of Karachi’s
    population was Sindhi speaking and only 6% was Urdu/Hindi speaking. However, because of
    migration of 600,000 Urdu speakers from India between 1947 and 1951 all this changed.
    Migration of Pushto speakers from the north-west and of other ethnicities from other parts of
    Pakistan and India has also continuously taken place since the decade of the 50’s. As a result,
    the number of Urdu speakers was estimated by the 1998 Census at 48.52% and Sindhi speakers
    at 7.22%5. As such, Karachi is the non-Sindhi speaking capital of a predominantly Sindhi
    1
    Source: Cox; 2012
    2
    Master Plan Group of Offices; 2007
    3
    Government of Pakistan (GOP) census reports 1998
    4
    Source: MPGO, 2007
    5
    Source: GOP Census Reports 1941, 1951, 1998

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