Green Business Management

Green Business is an enterprise that has minimal negative impact on the

global or local environment, community, society, or economy a business
that strives to meet the triple bottom line. Often, businesses have
progressive environmental and human rights policies.
A business that minimizes the environmental impact of its activities,
offers environmentally friendly products and that supports green causes.
Concept of Green Business Management
Green management is not a concept describing new business
management style. Green management describes the construction (the
construction process to be exact) of businesses. In other words, business
management styles focus on the recruiting of, the management of, and
the utilization of competent and talented employees to produce profits
on behalf of the business. Green management, on the other hand, is the
couture method of producing profits. Green business operates in ways
that solve, rather than cause, both environmental and social problems.
These businesses adopt principles, policies and practices that improve
the quality of life for their customers, employees and environment.
Terminologies Used

Corporate
Green Sustainable Triple Bottom
Social
Business Business Line
Responsability
Green Business: - Green Business is an enterprise that has minimal
negative impact on the global or local environment, community, society,
or economy a business that strives to meet the triple bottom line. Often,
businesses have progressive environmental and human rights policies.

Sustainable Business: - “Humanity has the ability to make development

sustainable to ensure that it meets the needs of the present without
compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs”
In other words Sustainability is the careful and efficient usage of
resources by businesses, communities and citizens.
Corporate social responsibility: - Corporate social responsibility
(CSR) is how companies manage their business processes to produce an
overall positive impact on society. It covers sustainability, social impact
and ethics, and done correctly should be about core business - how
companies make their money - not just add-on extras such as
philanthropy.

Triple Bottom Line : - Businesses must pick up the three elements of

the sustainability to help society achieve the interlinked goals of
environmental protection and social equity.
Nature Of Green Business Management
Green Management is designed to reduce the overall impact of the built
environment on human health and natural environment by:
a) Efficiently using energy, water and natural resources
b) Protecting occupant health and improving employees productivity
c) Reducing waste, pollution and environment degradation.
Importance of Green Business Management
Green businesses are socially and environmentally responsible.
Green companies adopt principles and practices that protect people AND
the planet. They challenge themselves to bring the goals of social and
economic justice, environmental sustainability, as well as community
health and development, into all of their activities from production and
supply chain management to employee relations and customer service.
Green businesses care for their workers.
Green businesses ensure they don’t use sweatshop or child labor.
Everyone who works directly for them or their suppliers earns a living
wage and works in healthy conditions. They create jobs that empower
workers and honor their humanity. They also serve as models for the
role businesses can play in the transformation of our society to one that
is socially just and environmentally sustainable.
Green businesses protect their customers and clients.
Green businesses ensure that they use the safest ingredients, to keep
their customers and clients and their families healthy. They also provide
green living alternatives to improve quality of life, with products and
services that help in areas like affordable housing, sustainable
agriculture, education, clean energy and efficiency, fair trade, healthy
air, clean water, and more. And they reduce, reuse and recycle, setting a
good example.
Green businesses improve their communities.
Along with ensuring their facilities aren’t polluting their local
communities, many green businesses take steps to make the places that
they call home better. Green businesses often spring up in marginalized
community’s inner cities, rural and indigenous communities. Many are
even started by the people in these communities who, in turn, bring
respect and dignity to their employees and the wider neighborhood.
Green Business Management in India
 Green Management is an initiative aiming at continuously
improving the foundation of environmental management, such as
the development of personnel responsible for environmental
activities, environmental management systems, and environmental
communication as well as conservation of biodiversity.
 Green Management and sustainability are the basis for new firms
and integral parts of current businesses. They are elements that
generate innovation and market opportunities, as well as new
career opportunities.
 Today, Environment issues are seen everywhere in the world.
These issues are very crucial i.e., global warming, waste disposal,
climate change and pollution etc and influenced our daily life.
 The main reason for this is that firm still thinks that green
marketing practice may increase their cost of production and
reduce their profit.
 Green Management ensures sustained long term growth along with
profitability.
 Green Management saves money in the long run, although initial
costs are more.
 Green Management promotes corporate social responsibility.
 Goodwill of the company will increase.
 The effort green management has been felt across industries in
India, as companies are beginning to realize how their operations
impact the environment.
  The Companies in India themselves are now more aware about the
ways in which their factories often affect the ecosystem and have
taken a greener path to success.
Some of them are using eco friendly products in India are:
 Cotton Shopping Bags
 Rechargeable Batteries
 Reusable Papers/Books
 Reusable Water Bottles
 Solar Powered Outdoors speakers
 Solar Phone Charges
 Eco Friendly Umbrella
 Led Bulbs
 Eco Friendly Chair
 Bio degradable pots
 Bamboo Desktop Dry erase board
Relevance in 21st Century
Most of the business worldwide is switching on to adopting Green
Philosophy in Management function. Some reason or forces for driving
such movements are:
1. Social Responsibility: Social Responsibility in business or corporate
social responsibility (C.S.R.) people and organizations behaving and
conducting businesses ethically sensitive towards social, cultural,
economical and environmental issues.
2. International Standard Norm: The International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) is a specialized International agency for
standardization and at present comprises the national standard bodies of
all 91 countries. It facilitates International trade of goods and services. It
obtains competitiveness by obtaining required quantity in a cost
effective way. It also promotes a single third party assessment of quality
standard.
3. Statutory Law: It is the law that's written by a legislative body. It's a
law that a government deliberately creates through elected legislators
and an official legislative process. Statutory Law is the term used to
define written laws usually enacted by legislative bodies.
4. Growth and Opportunity: These support a strong economy, fiscal
accountability, competitive tax rates, great schools, domestic energy
plan and a government that gets out of the way of private sector.
5. Competition: One of the major forces that strive to adopt green
management into their corporate structure face overwhelming
competition and desire to maintain their competitive position in the
market. Competition for better brand and to create image in the eye of
the society seek strategy which help them to remain sustain for long.
6. Improved Public Image: The public image of a famous person or
organization is the character or attitude that most people think that they
have and attempts to improve the same. The perception people have of
your business when they hear your company's name; a business image is
composed of an infinite variety of facts, events, personal history,
advertising and goals that work together to make an impression on the
public. How to improve them:
 Define your Brand
 Build an amazing website
 Value your employees and establish a healthy company culture
 Recycle, Reduce, Reuse
 Implicitly express your company values
 Build trust and authenticity between your clients and your brand
 Focus on creating high quality products or services.
7. Increases profit in the organization: A profitable organization is one
that generates more money than it expends. Profitable organizations are
businesses that use a variety of tactics to make a profit. Business may
use different managerial skills and leadership approaches to increase
employee motivation and satisfaction which has been shown to increase
worker productivity calculating rate of investment will help business
determine whether they are generating a profit.
8. Better Employee Retention Rate: It refers to the ability of an
organization to retain its employees. Employee Retention can be
represented by a simple statistics. However many consider employee
retention as relating to the efforts by which employers attempt to retain
the employees in their work force. In this sense, retention becomes the
strategies rather than the outcomes.
9. Stimulates Innovation: Self Confidence is a barrier to Innovation
that is tough to turn around in the organisation. As the leader you have to
be willing to go out and take some risks to inspire self confidence and
stimulate innovation from your team. Green Innovation can be used to
achieve CSR goals but can also take place without the existence of CSR
Innovation. Management is controlling and making decisions about
Innovation process.
 A Brief Introduction about Jindal Steel & Power
JSPL is an industrial powerhouse with a dominant presence in steel,
power, mining and infrastructure sectors. Part of the US $ 22 billion OP
Jindal Group, the Company is continuously scaling its capacity
utilizations and efficiencies to capture opportunities for Building A
Nation of Our Dreams.
Led by Mr Naveen Jindal, the youngest son of the legendary Shri O.P.
Jindal, the company produces economical and efficient steel and power
through backward and forward integration. JSPL’s business operations
span across the states of Chhattisgarh, Odisha and Jharkhand in India,
where it operates some of India’s most advanced steel manufacturing
and power generation capacities of global scale. JSPL has created
cutting-edge capacities to produce up to 9.95 Million Tonne Per Annum
(MTPA) Iron through a judicious mix of Direct Reduced Iron (DRI),
Blast Furnace and Hot Briquetted Iron (HBI) Routes catering to its 11.6
MTPA* Liquid Steelmaking capacities across three locations in India
and abroad. The company has a well-spread out installed finished steel
capacity of 6.55 MTPA prudently spread over Bar Mills, Plate Mills,
Rail and Universal Beam Mill (RUBM), Medium & Light Structural
Mill (MLSM), and Wire Rod Mill. JSPL’s captive iron ore mines at
Tensa, Odisha have a production capacity of 3.11 MTPA. The company
owns and operates combined power generation capacities of 5034 MW
including the 3400 MW O.P. Jindal Super Thermal Power complex at
Tamnar, Chhattisgarh.
Alongside contributing to India's growth story the company is driving an
ambitious global expansion plan with its sights set on emerging as a
leading transnational business group. The company continues to
capitalize on opportunities in high growth markets, expanding its core
areas and diversifying into new businesses. JSPL’s global operations
include a 2 MTPA integrated steel complex at Sohar, Oman and 6.6
MTPA coal-mining operations spread across South Africa, Mozambique
and Australia. The company’s export portfolio is growing by the day
with an existing export footprint in 22 countries.
Vision
To be a globally admired organization that enhances the quality of life of
all stakeholders through sustainable industrial and business
development.
Mission
 The spirit of entrepreneurship and innovation
 Optimum utilization of resources
 Sustainable environment friendly procedures and practices
 The highest ethics and standards
 Hiring, developing and retaining the best people
 Maximizing returns to stakeholders
 Positive impact on the communities we touch
Our Core Values
 Passion for People
 Ownership
 Sustainable Development
 Sense of Belonging
 Integrity
 Business Excellence
 Loyalty
Production Process

 Iron Making:- Iron making through BF & DRI route using virgin
iron ore lumps and fines mined through environment friendly
processes.
 Steel Making:- State-of-the-art steel making technology using
Blast Furnace(BF) + Direct-Reduced Iron(DRI) - Electric Arc
Furnace(EAF) - Ladle Refining Furnace(LRF) - Continuous
Casting Machine route producing clean steel billet, with very low
levels of sculpture and phosphorous (less than 0.035%) and very
low levels of inclusin and tramp elements.

 Steel Rolling:- World's most advanced Morgan Rolling Mill

deploying HYQST technology, to produce TMT of consistently
high quality finished with automatic cutting and packing.

 Digital Furnace Reheating :- Walking Beam Type Digital

Furnace, which ensures uniform heating but ensures less fuel
consumption.
 Secondary Descaler: - To ensure scale free rolling using
high pressure jets at 230 bar.
 Rolling (In Closed Boxes):- 12m long insulated roller table,
which ensures rolling at a gap of 5 sec. Transports the
processed sections, as a free bar, from Breakdown Mill to
Continuous Mill. Minimizes temperature loss from head and
tail end. Insulated cover helps to retain billet section's
temperature.
 No Twist Mill:- Continuous Rolling through alternate V-H
Mill, which ensures a greater speed. Mill Train arrangement
for proper rolling of finished sections. Bed assembly
comprises of V-H bed assembly.
  HYQST Controlled Quenching & Tempering:-Thermo-
Mechanically Treated (TMT) Rebars involve a combination
of plastic deformation of steel in austenitic stage followed by
quenching and further self tempering in 90m long cooling
bed.
 Quenching:-The hot rolled bar leaves the finishing mill stand at
1050° Celsius which is rapidly quenched in a water box. This is a
chamber where water is made to impinge on the surface of the
rebar at high pressure by split style nozzle with microprocessor
based controlled cooling process. The quenching converts the
TMT's surface layer to martensite and causes it to shrink. The
shrinkage pressurizes the core helping to form the correct crystal
structures, while the core remains hot and austenitic.

 Self-tempering:-The bar leaves the quench box with a temperature

gradient through its cross-section, and as the bar cools, heat flows
from the bar's centre to its surface so that the bar's heat and
pressure correctly tempers an intermediate ring of martensite and
bainite.

 Cooling:-Finally, the slow cooling after quenching automatically

tempers the austenitic core to ferrite and pearlite on the cooling
bed, which now has a strong and tough, tempered martensite on the
surface layer of the bar: an intermediate layer of tough martensite
and bainite and a refined, ductile ferrite and pearlite core.

 Shaping & Bending:-Online controlling of length of final bar

bundles as desired by customers.
The environmental impact of steel production

Steel production has a number of impacts on the environment, including

air emissions (CO, SOx, NOx, PM2), wastewater contaminants,
hazardous wastes, and solid wastes. The major environmental impacts
from integrated steel mills are from coking and iron-making.

 Climate change:-Virtually all of the greenhouse gas emissions

associated with steel production are from the carbon dioxide
emissions related to energy consumption.

 Emissions to air:- Coke production is one of the major pollution

sources from steel production. Air emissions such as coke oven
gas, naphthalene, ammonium compounds, crude light oil, sulfur
and coke dust are released from coke ovens.

 Emissions to water:-Water emissions come from the water used

to cool coke after it has finished baking. Quenching water becomes
contaminated with coke breezes and other compounds. While the
volume of contaminated water can be great, quenching water is
fairly easy to reuse. Most pollutants can be removed by filtration.

 Waste:-Slag, the limestone and iron ore impurities collected at the

top of the molten iron make up the largest portion of iron-making
by-products. Sulfur dioxide and hydrogen sulfide are volatized and
captured in air emissions control equipment and the residual slag is
sold to the construction industry. While this is not a pollution
prevention technique, the solid waste does not reach landfills.
Internal and External Environmental Factors

By the word "environment" we understand the surrounding or

conditions in which a particular activity is carried on. And we
know that organization is a social entity that has a hierarchical
structure where all necessary items are put together and they act
within it to reach the collective goal.
 External Environment
 Internal Environment
External Environment factors
In a simple way factors outside or organization are the elements of
external environment. Organization has no control of how the external
environment elements will shape up. The external environment can be
subdivided in 2 layers: the general environment and the task
environment.
 Economic Dimension
 Technological Dimension
 Socio-cultural dimension
 Political-Legal Dimension
 International Dimension
 Competitors, Customers, Suppliers, Regulators, Regulators.
Internal Environment factors
Forces or conditions or surroundings within the boundary of the
organization are the elements of internal environment of organization.
The internal environment consists mainly of the organization’s owners,
board of directors, employees and culture.
 Owners
 Board of Directors
 Employees
 Culture
CSR Activites of Jindal

The company strongly believes that sustainable community development

is essential for harmony between the community and the industry. It
endeavors to make a positive contribution to the underprivileged
communities by supporting a wide range of socio-economic, educational
and health initiatives. Also, it is committed to integrate its business
values and operations to meet the expectations of all its stakeholders.

The company serves its communities by:

 Ensuring they benefit from its presence by proactively responding

to their needs
 Building and strengthening community institutions and Panchayti
Raj Institutes (PRIs)
 Working in partnership with civil society organisations (CSOs) and
government bodies to widen the reach and leverage each partner's
individual experience and expertise
 Providing all assistance during times of disasters
 Encouraging its employees to volunteer

Triple Bottom Line

 People
Building Social Capital, Health, Education and Infrastructure
Planet
Environmental Factors, Energy Management, Environment
Conservation
Profit
CER Activates of Jindal

Jindal operating stations have an Environment Management Department

(EMD) that is equipped with sophisticated instruments with Standard
Operating Procedures (SOPs) in place as part of the ISO 14000
directives. These procedures ensure adherence to mandatory standards.
Some of our green initiatives are:
Controlling Air Pollution
 Installed high efficiency pulsejet bag filters, electrostatic
precipitators, scrubbers and dust suppression systems across
various locations like DRI kilns, SMS, blast furnaces, submerged
arc furnaces, coke ovens and sinter plants
 Installed 23 continuous online and 40 manual ambient air quality
monitoring stations around the factory to monitor air quality, with
real time data being linked to the Ministry of Environment and
Forests (MoEF) and respective state pollution control boards
 Three mobile vans at Raigarh, Barbil, and Tamnar monitor
ambient air quality
 Waste gases burnt and heat recovered is used to generate power
 Fixed mobile sprinklers suppress dust and fugitive emissions
Controlling Water Pollution
 JSPL consumes 4.3 – 4.9 m3/tonne of water, well within the
Corporate Responsibility of Environmental Protection (CREP)
stipulations due to a recycle-and-reuse approach for conserving
water, making our plants zero discharge units
 Recycling of waste water generated during coke oven quenching,
blast furnace, DRI kilns and rolling mill back into the process
 Installed cooling closed-circuit effluent-recycling system
  Re-using waste water from SMS outlet, DM plant, submerged Arc
Furnace (SAF) and Sewage Treatment Plants (STP) in slag
granulation, wet ash handling system, slag cooling and dust
suppression and horticulture, respectively
Effective solid waste management
 Power generation from coal rejects fines and middling in AFBC
boilers
 Reusing slag from blast furnace and fly ash for cement
manufacturing and brick making
 Using SMS slag after granulation for road making
Bio-degradable waste
 Installed 3 tonnes / day capacity bio-methanation plant, in
association with the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC),
Mumbai for bio-gas production
 Collecting and segregating bio-degradable waste from residential
areas
 Installed paper recycling unit at Angul plant
Biodiversity and Eco-conservation
 Organized tree plantation programmes, planting more than
2,83,000 saplings in 2013-14
 Distributed saplings and preserved and developed 3 million plants
over the last decade
 Established Sanjeeveni botanical park, housing rare plants and
foliage
 Established nurseries for in-house development of rare floral
species
 Developed a bio-diversity nature park for exotic birds
Green Strategy Implemented by Jindal

GREEN STEEL
Environment management has been a priority area for JSPL. We have
been treading the difficult path of maintain our profitability without
compromising on our efforts to reduce environmental impact. Through
our innovations we have proved that environmental conservation and
profitability is not an oxymoron if we apply innovation. The case study
presented below proves the same.
Background
Direct-reduced iron (DRI), more commonly known as sponge iron, is
produced from direct reduction of iron (in the form of lump, pellets or
fines) by reducing gases produced from natural gas or coal. This
reduction takes place at the temperature range 800- 1050 C when
reducing gases (primarily Hydrogen and Carbon-monoxide) react with
the iron oxides to produce iron. The degree of metallization, defined as
the extent of conversion of iron oxide into metallic iron, is 92-96% in a
typical DRI process. This high percentage of metallization makes DRI a
highly suitable input for steel making. The specific investment and
operating costs of DRI plants are low compared to integrated steel plants
and are more suitable for many developing countries where supplies of
coking coal are limited. This holds true for India where most of the
coking coal has to be imported.
Challenge
Natural Gas based DRI is highly efficient techniques of manufacturing
sponge iron that has lower environmental impact. However, the
challenge in this manufacturing technique is the availability of natural
gas. At JSPL’s Angul site, the DRI-BF- Electric Arc Furnace route has
been adopted for manufacturing steel. To overcome the challenge of
non-availability of natural gas Coal to gas plant was set up. It uses high
ash coal, available in the vicinity of the site, and converts it into
Synthetic Gas or SynGas. It is the first plant of its kind in India and only
the 2nd in the world.
Our Solution
At Angul, the Syngas, produced through the gasification process,
contains methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen and
water vapour from coal, water and air. This process has lower impact on
environment as compared to coal combustion process. During the
gasification process, the carbon-dioxide emitted in the process is entirely
absorbed back into the process and the hydrogen sulphide produced is
entirely used for sulphur production.
Capital expenditure of setting up of the Syngas plant was high and had a
gestation period of three years. However, this high investment is offset
by the improved energy efficiency of the system, as compared to the
conventional model of producing steel, and reduced environment impact
in the long run. Another added advantage which we able to explore was
the utilization of waste. All seven by-products of the Syngas plant are
recycled through internal use or sold to external parties. This ensures
health and safety of employees as well as local communities and
environmental protection.