This document describes an exercise on number systems for an Introduction to Computing Laboratory course. It provides background on different number systems including decimal, binary, octal, and hexadecimal. The laboratory activity involves tasks to convert between these number systems and perform arithmetic operations using different bases. Students are asked to complete conversion tables, perform conversions between the systems, and do arithmetic like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division using binary, octal, and hexadecimal numbers.
This document describes an exercise on number systems for an Introduction to Computing Laboratory course. It provides background on different number systems including decimal, binary, octal, and hexadecimal. The laboratory activity involves tasks to convert between these number systems and perform arithmetic operations using different bases. Students are asked to complete conversion tables, perform conversions between the systems, and do arithmetic like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division using binary, octal, and hexadecimal numbers.
This document describes an exercise on number systems for an Introduction to Computing Laboratory course. It provides background on different number systems including decimal, binary, octal, and hexadecimal. The laboratory activity involves tasks to convert between these number systems and perform arithmetic operations using different bases. Students are asked to complete conversion tables, perform conversions between the systems, and do arithmetic like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division using binary, octal, and hexadecimal numbers.
This document describes an exercise on number systems for an Introduction to Computing Laboratory course. It provides background on different number systems including decimal, binary, octal, and hexadecimal. The laboratory activity involves tasks to convert between these number systems and perform arithmetic operations using different bases. Students are asked to complete conversion tables, perform conversions between the systems, and do arithmetic like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division using binary, octal, and hexadecimal numbers.
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COLLEGE OF COMPUTER STUDIES
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT
CCS0001L (INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTING LABORATORY)
EXERCISE
2 NUMBER SYSTEMS
<STUDENT NAME>
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<DATE> I. OBJECTIVES At the end of this exercise, students must be able to:
a) Understand the concepts of number systems.
b) Convert one number system into another. c) Perform arithmetic operations involving number systems.
II. BACKGROUND INFORMATION
Human beings use a 10 based or decimal number system, possibly because we have ten fingers and ten toes. Computers use a 2 based or binary system because it can be represented easily in hardware by on-off, open-closed, charged-uncharged states. For example a capacitor in RAM memory can be charged or not charged. A charged state represents a 1 and an uncharged (or not fully charged) state represents a 0. Likewise data stored on a hard disk at the molecular level can be magnetically aligned in one pattern or its opposite. Each pattern represents a 1 or 0.
Decimal numbers can be converted to binary numbers, and vice-versa. This is essential as humans work in decimals and computers work in binary.
Two other forms of number representation can be used to represent integers. They are Octal and Hexadecimal (Hex for short) systems. The first has a base of 8, the second a base of 16.
This lab helps you understand the methods applied in number system conversion and in performing arithmetic operations.
III.LABORATORY ACTIVITY
CONVERSION IN DECIMAL, BINARY, OCTAL, AND HEXADECIMAL
TASK 1: COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING TABLE FOR BINARY, OCTAL, AND HEXADECIMAL NUMBERS. REPRESENT THE BINARY NUMBERS WITH 4 BITS.
10101101 x 1010 + 110101000010011 – 10111100000000 – 111010 + 10011111011000 = x 10101101 - 111010 1010 10011111011000 + 11011000010 10100000010010 110101000010011 111000011010101 – 10111100000000 = 100000111010101 – 10100000010010 = 1100111000011 IV. QUESTION AND ANSWER
Hexadecimal numbers are used as a “shorthand” notation when representing binary addresses and data. Binary numbers are placed into 4 bit groups and then represented as hex digits. For example, the 16 bit binary number 1000 0001 1101 0011 can be represented as 81D3 in hex.
One hex digit represents 4 binary digits.
Two hex digits represent 2 byte(s).
Write the hex number 1A0F in binary: 00011010000011112
