COLUMBAN COLLEGE

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARMENT OF ELECTRONICS
OLONGAPO CITY

Title

Audio Amplifier

A Project Submitted in Partial Fulfillment

Of the Subject Requirements in

Electronics Circuit Analysis and Design

Submitted to

Engr. Sally G. Corpus

Submitted by

John Mark R. Cabuhat

March 15, 2017

 COLUMBAN COLLEGE
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARMENT OF ELECTRONICS
OLONGAPO CITY

INTRODUCTION

Amplifier is the generic term used to describe a circuit which

increases its input signal, but not all amplifiers are the same as they are

classified according to their circuit configurations and methods of operation.

In “Electronics”, small signal amplifiers are commonly used devices as they

have the ability to amplify a relatively small input signal, for example from

a sensor such as a photo-device, into a much larger output signal to drive a

relay, lamp or loudspeaker for example.

There are many forms of electronic circuits classed as amplifiers,

from Operational Amplifiers and Small Signal Amplifiers up to Large Signal

and Power Amplifiers. The classification of an amplifier depends upon the

size of the signal, large or small, its physical configuration and how it

processes the input signal, which is the relationship between input signal and

current flowing in the load.

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 COLUMBAN COLLEGE
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARMENT OF ELECTRONICS
OLONGAPO CITY

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Please allow me to express my sincere gratitude to those who extend

their helping hand during the period of my project work.

I would like to thank the one who gave me strength, courage and
wisdom to successfully finish this project.

I sincerely thank my beloved parents for their guidance and

encouragement in carrying out this project work. I also thank them
supporting me financially; I would never accomplish this project without
their help.

To my professor, Engr. Sally Corpuz, thank you for providing me the

opportunity to experience this project and for widening my knowledge about
electronic circuits and devices.

To my classmates who helped and accompanied from the start until

the day we presented our project.

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 COLUMBAN COLLEGE
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARMENT OF ELECTRONICS
OLONGAPO CITY

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Pages

I. Title Page ……………........................................... 1

II. Introduction……………………………………..…....2

III. Acknowledgement …………………………….…....3

IV. Table of Contents ……………………………….…..4

V. Objectives ……………………………………………6

VI. Summary of the Project Design ……………....…..7

VII. Definition of Terms …………………………………..8

VIII. Theoretical and Conceptual

A Wiring Diagram Description.……...……....9

IX. Project Description

A. Parts List…………………………….....…. 10

B. Circuit Description………..……………....12

C. Schematic Diagram……………….……...14

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 COLUMBAN COLLEGE
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARMENT OF ELECTRONICS
OLONGAPO CITY

X. Project Application to Community ……….…….....15

XI. Recommendation…………………………………....16

XII. Conclusion……………………………………….......17

XIII. Appendices…………………………….…………..…18

XIV. Profile………………………………….…………..…..21

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 COLUMBAN COLLEGE
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARMENT OF ELECTRONICS
OLONGAPO CITY

OBJECTIVES

The objectives of the output are to:

 Have knowledge in making and assembling

audio amplifier.
 Learn to Design and Etch a Printed Circuit
Board.
 Learn the techniques on how to solder every
component.
 Know the parts and its functions of every
component
 Learn the process of amplifying low input to high
output.
 To enhance the skills on making electronic
devices.

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 COLUMBAN COLLEGE
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARMENT OF ELECTRONICS
OLONGAPO CITY

SUMMARY OF THE PROJECT DESIGN

FINISHED AUDIO AMPLIFIER

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 COLUMBAN COLLEGE
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARMENT OF ELECTRONICS
OLONGAPO CITY

DEFINITIONS OF TERMS

 Amplifier – An electronic device or electrical circuit that is used to

amplify the power, voltage or current of an applied signal.

 Circuit – An enclosed path of an electric current, usually designed for

a certain function.

 Resistor – An electric component that transmits current in direct

proportion to the voltage across it.

 Transistor – a solid-state semiconductor device, with three terminals,

which can be used for amplification, switching, voltage stabilization,

signal modulation, and many other functions.

 Signal – An electrical or electromagnetic action, normally

a voltage that is a function of time.

 Bandwidth – The rate of data flow in digital networks typically

measured in bits per second.

 PCB (Printed Circuit Board) – A flat board that holds chips and

other electronic components in layers that interconnect via copperpath

ways, often called traces.

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 COLUMBAN COLLEGE
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARMENT OF ELECTRONICS
OLONGAPO CITY

THEORETICAL AND CONCEPTUAL

(A WIRING DIAGRAM DESCRIPTION)

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 COLUMBAN COLLEGE
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARMENT OF ELECTRONICS
OLONGAPO CITY

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

A. Parts List

QUANTITY VALUE COMPONENT

1 In5401

1 MIC-602 IC

1 50K Single Volume Control

3 50K Dual Volume Control

3 104

2 103
Mylar Capacitor
2 222

2 203

6 10K Ohm

2 2.2K Ohms Resistor

2 1K Ohms

4 1uf 25V
Electrolytic
1 10uf 25V

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 COLUMBAN COLLEGE
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARMENT OF ELECTRONICS
OLONGAPO CITY

1 2.2uf 25V

1 220uf 25V Electrolytic

1 3300uf 25V

1 0.5A Fuse

1 Fuse Holder

1 Switch

1 Line Cord

4 In 5401

1 3300uf 25V Electrolytic capacitor

1 Adaptor

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 COLUMBAN COLLEGE
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARMENT OF ELECTRONICS
OLONGAPO CITY

B. Circuit Description

Resistors:
10K Ohm Resistor
2.2K Ohms Resistor
1K Ohms Resistor

Capacitors:

104 Mylar Capacitor

103 Mylar Capacitor

222 Mylar Capacitor

203 Mylar Capacitor

Electrolytic:

1uf 25V Electrolytic

10uf 25V Electrolytic

2.2uf 25V Electrolytic

220uf 25V Electrolytic

3300uf 25V Electrolytic

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 COLUMBAN COLLEGE
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARMENT OF ELECTRONICS
OLONGAPO CITY

Transistors:

In5401

In 5401 Diode

Others:

Fuse Fuse Holder

Switch

Line Cord In 5401

Adaptor

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 COLUMBAN COLLEGE
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARMENT OF ELECTRONICS
OLONGAPO CITY

C. Schematic Diagram

Stereo Amplifier Schematic Diagram

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 COLUMBAN COLLEGE
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARMENT OF ELECTRONICS
OLONGAPO CITY

PROJECT APPLICATION TO THE COMMUNITY

Amplifier is employed in acoustic pickups, audio tape players, and

compact disc players. A weak-signal amplifier is designed to deal with

exceedingly small input signals, in some cases measuring only a few

nanovolts. Such amplifiers must generate minimal internal noise while

increasing the signal voltage by a large factor. Power amplifiers are used in

wireless transmitters, broadcast transmitters, and hi-fi audio equipment. The

most frequently-used device for power amplification is the bipolar transistor.

However, vacuum tubes, once considered obsolete, are becoming

increasingly popular, especially among musicians. Many professional

musicians believe that the vacuum tube provides superior fidelity.

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 COLUMBAN COLLEGE
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARMENT OF ELECTRONICS
OLONGAPO CITY

RECOMMENDATION

Troubleshooting is the hardest part of making this kind of project. To

decrease the possibility that this project will not work, make sure that all the

components are correctly installed in the printed circuit board in terms of

their polarity.

Make sure that the PCB is well-etched. Check the board delicately if it

is connected to their desired positions to avoid any errors. Gather all the

parts and check it with multitester to avoid any problems.

To avoid soldering problem, try to practice first before you do it to the

actual project. To make it comfortable to solder, try soldering on a table or

adjust to the point where you could see what you are soldering and not

having a back pain.

Check carefully if the electronic components are in the proper places

before you solder to avoid desoldering and malfunction.

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 COLUMBAN COLLEGE
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARMENT OF ELECTRONICS
OLONGAPO CITY

CONCLUSION

I therefore conclude that the two important considerations in power

amplification are power output and efficiency. Power output is measured in

watts or kilowatts. Efficiency is the ratio of signal power output to total

power input. This value is always less than 1. It is typically expressed as a

percentage. In audio applications, power amplifiers are 30 to 50 percent

efficient. In wireless communications and broadcasting transmitters,

efficiency ranges from about 50 to 70 percent. In hi-fi audio power

amplifiers, distortion is also an important factor. This is a measure of the

extent to which the output waveform is a faithful replication of the

input waveform. The lower the distortion, in general, the better the fidelity

of the output sound.

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 COLUMBAN COLLEGE
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARMENT OF ELECTRONICS
OLONGAPO CITY

APPENDICES

A. Picture at work with Description

Prepare your materials

Measure the PCB size in

proportion to your design.

Mark it with a pencil.

Cut the measured PCB with

cutter blade.

Attach the masking tape on

the copper of the PCB, not on

the substrate side. Use wide

masking tape.

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 COLUMBAN COLLEGE
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARMENT OF ELECTRONICS
OLONGAPO CITY

Now place the PCB in the

dish of ferric chloride.

Solder all components to the PCB

Troubleshoot

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 COLUMBAN COLLEGE
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARMENT OF ELECTRONICS
OLONGAPO CITY

Pictorial Diagram

Audio Amplifier Final Product

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 COLUMBAN COLLEGE
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARMENT OF ELECTRONICS
OLONGAPO CITY

PROFILE

John Mark R. Cabuhat

20 yrs. old

Columban College

BSEE – IV

“The difference between talking on your cellphone while driving and

speaking with the passenger is huge. The person on the other end of the

cellphone is chattering away, oblivious.”

― Marilyn Vos Savant

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