3GPP TS 32.450 V14.0.

0 (2017-04)
Technical Specification

3rd Generation Partnership Project;

Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects;
Telecommunication management;
Key Performance Indicators (KPI) for
Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network
(E-UTRAN):
Definitions
(Release 14)

The present document has been developed within the 3 rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP TM) and may be further elaborated for the purposes of 3GPP.
The present document has not been subject to any approval process by the 3GPP Organizational Partners and shall not be implemented.
This Specification is provided for future development work within 3GPP only. The Organizational Partners accept no liability for any use of this Specification.
Specifications and reports for implementation of the 3GPP TM system should be obtained via the 3GPP Organizational Partners' Publications Offices.
Release 14 3 3GPP TS 32.450 V14.0.0 (2017-04)

Keywords
E-UTRAN, management, performance

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Contents
Foreword............................................................................................................................................................. 4
Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................ 4
1 Scope ........................................................................................................................................................ 5
2 References ................................................................................................................................................ 5
3 Definitions and abbreviations................................................................................................................... 6
3.1 Definitions ......................................................................................................................................................... 6
3.2 Abbreviations..................................................................................................................................................... 6
4 KPI Overview........................................................................................................................................... 6
5 KPI Definitions Template ........................................................................................................................ 6
6 E-UTRAN KPI Definitions ...................................................................................................................... 8
6.1 KPI Category "Accessibility" ............................................................................................................................ 8
6.1.1 E-RAB Accessibility .................................................................................................................................... 8
6.1.1.1 Definition................................................................................................................................................ 8
6.1.1.2 Extended definition ................................................................................................................................ 8
6.2 KPI Category "Retainability" ............................................................................................................................ 9
6.2.1 E-RAB Retainability .................................................................................................................................... 9
6.2.1.1 Definition................................................................................................................................................ 9
6.2.1.2 Extended definition .............................................................................................................................. 10
6.3 KPI Category "Integrity" ................................................................................................................................. 11
6.3.1 E-UTRAN IP Throughput .......................................................................................................................... 11
6.3.1.1 Definition.............................................................................................................................................. 11
6.3.1.2 Extended definition .............................................................................................................................. 11
6.3.2 E-UTRAN IP Latency ................................................................................................................................ 12
6.3.2.1 Definition.............................................................................................................................................. 12
6.3.2.2 Extended definition .............................................................................................................................. 13
6.4 KPI Category "Availability" ............................................................................................................................ 14
6.4.1 E-UTRAN Cell Availability ....................................................................................................................... 14
6.4.1.1 Definition.............................................................................................................................................. 14
6.4.1.2 Extended Definition .............................................................................................................................. 14
6.5 KPI Category "Mobility" ................................................................................................................................. 14
6.5.1 E-UTRAN Mobility ................................................................................................................................... 14
6.5.1.1 Definition.............................................................................................................................................. 14
6.5.1.2 Extended Definition .............................................................................................................................. 15

Annex A (informative): Change history ............................................................................................... 16

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Foreword
This Technical Specification has been produced by the 3 rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

The contents of the present document are subject to continuing work within the TSG and may change following formal
TSG approval. Should the TSG modify the contents of the present document, it will be re-released by the TSG with an
identifying change of release date and an increase in version number as follows:

Version x.y.z

where:

x the first digit:

1 presented to TSG for information;

2 presented to TSG for approval;

3 or greater indicates TSG approved document under change control.

y the second digit is incremented for all changes of substance, i.e. technical enhancements, corrections,
updates, etc.

z the third digit is incremented when editorial only changes have been incorporated in the document.

Introduction
The present document is part of a mulit-part deliverable covering the 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical
Specification Group Services and System Aspects; Telecommunication management; as identified below:

32.451: Key Performance Indicators (KPI) for E-UTRAN; Requirements;

32.450: Key Performance Indicators (KPI) for E-UTRAN; Definitions.Key Performance Indicators (KPI).

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1 Scope
The present document specifies definitions of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) for E-UTRAN.

2 References
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present
document.

- References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or
non-specific.

- For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply.

- For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. In the case of a reference to a 3GPP document
(including a GSM document), a non-specific reference implicitly refers to the latest version of that document
in the same Release as the present document.

[1] ITU-T Recommendation E.800: "Terms and Definitions related to Quality of Service and Network
Performance including Dependability".

[2] 3GPP TS 21.905: "Vocabulary for 3GPP Specifications".

[3] 3GPP TS 32.404: "Telecommunication management; Performance Management (PM);

Performance measurements - Definitions and template".

[4] 3GPP TS 32.405: "Telecommunication management; Performance Management (PM);

Performance measurements Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN) ".

[5] 3GPP TS 32.406: "Telecommunication management; Performance Management (PM);

Performance measurements Core Network (CN) Packet Switched (PS) domain".

[6] 3GPP TS 32.407: "Telecommunication management; Performance Management (PM);

Performance measurements Core Network (CN) Circuit Switched (CS) domain".

[7] 3GPP TS 32.408: "Telecommunication management; Performance Management (PM);

Performance measurements Teleservice".

[8] 3GPP TS 32.409: "Telecommunication management; Performance Management (PM);

Performance measurements IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS)".

[9] 3GPP TS 52.402: "Telecommunication management; Performance Management (PM);

Performance measurements - GSM".

[10} 3GPP TS 32.425: "Telecommunication management; Performance Management (PM);

Performance measurements Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN)"

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3 Definitions and abbreviations

3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in TR 21.905 [2] and the following apply. A
term defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same term, if any, in TR 21.905 [2].

3.2 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the abbreviations given in TR 21.905 [2] and the following apply. An
abbreviation defined in the present document takes precedence over the definition of the same abbreviation, if any, in
TR 21.905 [2].

eNB E-UTRAN Node B

EPS Evolved Packet System
E-RAB E-UTRAN Radio Access Bearer
E-UTRAN Evolved UTRAN
KPI Key Performance Indicator
KQI Key Quality Indicator
LTE Long Term Evolution
QoS Quality of Service
RAT Radio Access Technology
TTI Transmission Time Interval
UE User Equipment
UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
UTRAN UMTS Radio Access Network

4 KPI Overview
The following KPI categories are covered by the present document:

- Accessibility (see the definition in [1]).

- Retainability (see the definition in [1]).

- Integrity (see the definition in [1]).

- Availability

- Mobility

5 KPI Definitions Template

a) Long name (Mandatory): This field shall contain the long and descriptive name of the KPI.

b) Description (Mandatory): This field shall contain the description of the KPI.
Within this field it should be given if the KPI is focusing on network or user view.

c) Logical formula definition (Mandatory):

The logical formula should describe what the KPI formula is in logical way. The description of the formula is
given in a written textual format without any measurement or counter names. E.g. a success rate KPI’s logical
formula is the successful event divided by all event.

d) Physical formula definition (Optional):

This field should contain the KPI formula description using the 3GPP defined counter names.
This field can be used only if the counters needed for the KPI formula is defined in any of the 3GPP TS for

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performance measurements (TS 32.404 [3], TS 32.405 [4], TS 32.406 [5], TS 32.407 [6], TS 32.408 [7],
TS 32.409 [8], TS 52.402 [9], TS 32.425 [10])

e) Measurement names used for the KPI (Optional):

This section should list the measurement names used for the KPI.
This section can be filled out only when the underlying measurements for the KPI formula can be defined,
i.e. physical formula definition is available.

f) KPI Object (mandatory)

This section shall describe the object of the KPI. The object of the KPI is one or some of the following:

- UTRAN;

- GERAN;

- CS core;

- PS core;

- IMS;

- E-UTRAN.

The field can have multiple selection, e.g. for a network level end to end KPI the selection can be UTRAN+PS
core network.

g) KPI category (mandatory)

This section contains the classification of the KPI into one of the KPI categories listed in section 4

h) Unit of the KPI (mandatory)

This section describes the unit of the KPI. The unit can be one of the following:

- percentage;

- time interval (second or millisecond);

- Erlang;

- kbit/s.

i) Type of the KPI (Mandatory)

This section describes the type of the KPI. The KPI type can be one of the following:

- MEAN: This KPI is produced to reflect a mean measurement value based on a number of sample
results.

- RATIO: KPI is produced to reflect the percentage of a specific case occurrence to all the cases.

- CUM: This KPI is produced to reflect a cumulative measurement which is always increasing.

j) Remark: (Optional)
This field is for any further information that is needed for the KPI definition.
Here it is proposed to define any additional information that would be needed for the KPI definition; e.g. the
definition of a call in UTRAN.

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6 E-UTRAN KPI Definitions

6.1 KPI Category "Accessibility"

6.1.1 E-RAB Accessibility

6.1.1.1 Definition
a) E-RAB Accessibility.

b) A KPI that shows probability for an end-user to be provided with an E-RAB at request.

c) Probability success rate for E-RABs establishment. Successful attempts compared with total number of
attempts for the different parts of the E-RAB establishment.

d)
 RRC.ConnEs tabSucc.Cause   S1SIG.Conn EstabSucc  ERAB.Estab InitSuccNbr.QCI
QCI
A1 = InitialEPSBEstabSR = cause    100
 RRC.ConnEs tabAtt.Cause   S1SIG.Conn EstabAtt  ERAB.Estab InitAttNbr.QCI
cause QCI

 ERAB.Estab AddSuccNbr .QCI

QCI
A2 = AddedEPSBEstabSR =  100
 ERAB.Estab AddAttNbr.QCI
QCI

e) RRC.ConnEstabAtt.Cause
RRC.ConnEstabSucc.Cause
S1SIG.ConnEstabAtt
S1SIG.ConnEstabSucc
ERAB.EstabInitAttNbr.QCI
ERAB.EstabInitSuccNbr.QCI
ERAB.EstabAddAttNbr.QCI
ERAB.EstabAddSuccNbr.QCI

f) E-UTRAN

g) Accessibility

h) Percentage

i) RATIO

j) The definition of the service provided by E-UTRAN is E-RABs.

6.1.1.2 Extended definition

Mapping of end-user applications towards E-RABs can be different depending on operator strategy; hence the
measurement shall be adjustable depending on operator E-RAB mapping strategy.

Table 1 Example of service mapping towards E-RABs

Operator Service E-RAB mapping

A X Initial E-RAB

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A Y Initial E-RAB

B X Initial E-RAB

B Y Added E-RAB

To provide Accessibility measurement from E-UTRAN that can be mapped to a service for the operator the following
measurements are defined:

A1: Initial E-RAB establishment success rate

A2: Added E-RAB establishment success rate

The establishment success rate is defined as:

Number of successful E-RAB establishments

Number of received E-RAB establishment attempts

Services can be mapped towards either Initial or Added E-RABs depending on operator strategy. If a different QoS
characteristic is required compared with the QoS characteristic provided by an existing Initial E-RAB, an Added E-
RAB can be requested. QoS characteristics can be defined on an E-RAB basis; hence both Initial E-RAB establishment
success rate (A1) and Added E-RAB establishment success rate (A2) shall be available per QoS group.

With these two measures the operator can calculate the service accessibility depending on E-RAB mapping as follows:

Service mapped on Initial E-RAB = A1*100 [%]

Service mapped on Added E-RAB = A1*A2*100 [%]

6.2 KPI Category "Retainability"

6.2.1 E-RAB Retainability

6.2.1.1 Definition
a) E-RAB Retainability.

b) A measurement that shows how often an end-user abnormally looses an E-RAB during the time the E-RAB is
used.

c) Number of E-RABs with data in a buffer that was abnormally released, normalized with number of data session
time units.

d) To measure E-RAB Retainability for a single QCI (R1) is fairly straight forward.

ERAB.RelActNbr.QCI QCI = x
R1QCI = x =
ERAB.SessionTimeQCI .QCI QCI = x

However to measure the E-RAB Retainability for UEs is not as straight forward. The measurement R1 is
defined to look at the activity level of just one QCI at the time, so to use this formula and measurements in an
aggregated way to get E-RAB Retainability on UE level will not be accurate (e.g. for an UE with multiple E-
RABs, there might be E-RABs that are active at the same time, hence aggregating the QCI measurements for
session time will give a larger session time than the total UE session time. See picture below).

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UE session time: 10 periods (UE1:4, UE2:6)

QCI=X session time: 7 periods (UE1:4, UE2:3)

QCI=Y session time: 5 periods (UE1:0, UE2:5)

E-RAB
UE1 QCI=X

One activity period

E-RAB
QCI=X
UE2
E-RAB
QCI=Y
[t]

Hence a measurement E-RAB Retainability on UE level is defined (R2) to provide a measurement for the overall
E-RAB Retainability.

 ERAB.RelActNbr.QCI 
R2 = QCI

ERAB.SessionTimeUE

e) ERAB.RelActNbr.QCI

ERAB.SessionTimeUE

ERAB.SessionTimeQCI.QCI

f) E-UTRAN.

g) Retainability.

h) Active release/second.

i) MEAN.

j) The definition of the service provided by E-UTRAN is E-RABs.

6.2.1.2 Extended definition

The retainability rate is defined as:

Number of abnormally released E-RAB with data in any of the buffers [Releases/Session time]
Active E-RAB Time

As for defining an abnormal E-RAB release with end-user impact, it shall only be considered an abnormal release of the
E-RABs if the eNodeB considers there to be data waiting for transfer in any of the buffers.

As for defining an E-RAB as active, an E-RAB shall be considered active if there recently has been any data
transmission in any direction.

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6.3 KPI Category "Integrity"

6.3.1 E-UTRAN IP Throughput

6.3.1.1 Definition

a) E-UTRAN IP Throughput.

b) A KPI that shows how E-UTRAN impacts the service quality provided to an end-user.

c) Payload data volume on IP level per elapsed time unit on the Uu interface.

d) IP Throughput for a single QCI:

Downlink ThpQCI =x = DRB.IPThpDlQCI =x

Uplink ThpQCI =x = DRB.IPThpUlQCI =x

e) DRB.IPThpDl.QCI

DRB.IPThpUl.QCI

f) E-UTRAN

g) Integrity

h) kbits/s

i) MEAN

j) To make sure that only impacts from the RAN is included in this measurement, time units to be included in
“elapsed time unit on the Uu interface “shall only be the ones where there is data in the buffer to be transmitted
E.g.in application data flows such as a web session, there are times when there is no data to transmit by the
eNodeB due to bursty traffic pattern, then this “eNodeB idle time” shall not be included in “elapsed time unit
on the Uu interface “.

6.3.1.2 Extended definition

To achieve a Throughput measurement (below examples are given for DL) that is independent of file size it is important
to remove the samples where one TTI on the radio interface is not utilized. (Successful transmission, buffer empty in
figure below).

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Successful transmission,
buffer not empty
The last data unit
Failed transmission ( ” Block TTI shall always be
error ”) ThpTimeDl removed from
calulations since it
Successful transmission,
can be impacted
buffer empty
by packet size of
User Plane (UP) packets.
No transmission, buffer not
empty (e.g. due to contention)

Data arrives to Time (ms)

empty DL buffer

First data is The send buffer is

transmitted to the UE again empty

ThpVolDl =∑ (kbits)

Total DL transferred volume = ∑ + (kbits)

IP Throughput in DL = ThpVolDl / ThpTimeDl (kbits/s)

Figure 1

To achieve a throughput measurement that is independent of bursty traffic pattern, it is important to make sure that idle
gaps between incoming data is not included in the measurements. That shall be done as considering each burst of data
as one sample.

ThpVolDl is the volume on IP level and the ThpTimeDl is the time elapsed on Uu for transmission of the volume
included in ThpVolDl.

Buffer
fillness Session

Sample 1 Sample 2

Figure 2

 ThpVolDl
IP Throughput DL = Samples

 ThpTimeDl
Samples

Since services can be mapped towards different kind of E-RABs, the IP Throughput measurement shall be available per
QoS group.

6.3.2 E-UTRAN IP Latency

6.3.2.1 Definition
a) E-UTRAN IP Latency.

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b) A measurement that shows how E-UTRAN impacts on the delay experienced by an end-user.

c) Time from reception of IP packet to transmission of first packet over the Uu.

d) Downlink LatQCI = x = DRB.IPLatDlQCI = x

e) DRB.IPLatDl.QCI

f) E-UTRAN.

g) Integrity.

h) Milliseconds.

i) MEAN.

j) To make sure only contribution from the RAN is included in this measurement, only delay of the first block to
the Uu is counted.

6.3.2.2 Extended definition

To achieve a delay measurement that is independent of IP data block size only the first packet sent to Uu is measured.

To find the delay for a certain packet size the IP Throughput measure can be used together with IP Latency (after the
first block on the Uu, the remaining time of the packet can be calculated with the IP Throughput measure).

Successful transmission,
buffer not empty T_Lat_DL

Failed transmission ”(Block

error”)
Successful transmission,
buffer empty

No transmission, buffer not

empty (e.g. due to contention)

Data arrives to Time (ms)

empty DL buffer
First data is transmitted to the
UE by the eNodeB

Latency_DL = ∑ T_Lat_DL (s) / # samples

Figure 3

T_Lat is defined as the time between receiption of IP packet and the time when the eNodeB transmits the first block to
Uu.

Since services can be mapped towards different kind of E-RABs, the Latency measure shall be available per QoS group.

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6.4 KPI Category "Availability"

6.4.1 E-UTRAN Cell Availability

6.4.1.1 Definition
a) E-UTRAN Cell Availability.

b) A KPI that shows Availability of E-UTRAN Cell.

c) Percentage of time that the cell is considered available.

measurement_period-  RRU.CellUnavailableT ime.[cause]

d) CellAvailability = cause
100
measurement _ period

e) RRU.CellUnavailableTime.cause

f) E-UTRAN

g) Availability

h) Percentage

i) RATIO

j) -

6.4.1.2 Extended Definition

Time that cell is available *100 [%]

Availability =
Measurement Time

As for defining the cell as available, it shall be considered available when the eNodeB can provide E-RAB service in
the cell.

6.5 KPI Category "Mobility"

6.5.1 E-UTRAN Mobility

6.5.1.1 Definition
a) E-UTRAN Mobility.

b) A KPI that shows how E-UTRAN Mobility functionality is working.

c) Success rate of E-UTRAN Mobility.

HO.ExeSucc HO.PrepSucc.QCI QCI=x

d) Mobility Success Rate QCI=x =  100%
HO.ExeAtt HO.PrepAtt.QCI QCI=x

e) HO.ExeAtt

HO.ExeSucc

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HO.PrepAtt.QCI

HO.PrepSucc.QCI

f) E-UTRAN

g) Mobility

h) Percentage

i) RATIO

j) -

6.5.1.2 Extended Definition

The measurement shall include both Intra E-UTRAN and Inter RAT handovers.

The measurement shall include both the preparation and execution phase of the handover.

”Entering preparation phase” is defined as the point of time when the source eNB attempts to prepare resources for an
UE in a neighboring cell.

"Success of execution phase" is defined as the point of time when the source eNB receives information that the UE
successfully is connected to the target cell.

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Annex A (informative):
Change history
Change history
Date TSG # TSG Doc. CR Rev Subject/Comment Old New
Dec 2008 SP-42 SP-080719 Presentation to SA for information 1.0.0
Mar 2009 SP-43 SP-090065 -- -- Presentation to SA for approval 2.0.0 8.0.0
Jun 2009 SP-44 SP-090289 001 -- Correction of extended definition for Mobility KPI 8.0.0 8.1.0
Sep 2009 SP-45 SP-090542 002 -- Correction on the IP latency KPI 8.1.0 8.2.0
Dec 2009 - - - - Update to Rel-9 version 8.2.0 9.0.0
Jun 2010 SP-48 SP-100412 003 - Add formulas for IP Throughput KPI 9.0.0 9.1.0
Mar 2011 - - - - Update to Rel-10 version (MCC) 9.1.0 10.0.0
May 2011 SP-52 Correction of the measurement names in the KPI definition of E- 10.0.0 10.1.0
SP-110285 007 - RAB Accessibility
May 2011 SP-52 Correction of the measurement names in the KPI definition of E- 10.0.0 10.1.0
SP-110287 008 1 RAB Retainability to align with 32.425
2012-09 - - - - Update to Rel-11 version (MCC) 10.1.0 11.0.0
2014-10 - - - - Update to Rel-12 version (MCC) 11.0.0 12.0.0
2016-01 - - - - Update to Rel-13 version (MCC) 12.0.0 13.0.0
2017-04 SA#75 - - - Promotion to Release 14 without technical change 13.0.0 14.0.0

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