Career Research Paper Accounting in The Philippines 2019

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CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANT


Career Research Paper 

Jamie Alyanna A. Legaspi 

Grade 11 AM1 

2019 

 
Legaspi 1

Table of Contents 

Abstract 2 

Introduction 3 

Scope And Limitation 4 

Review of Related Article 5 


Philippine History on Accountancy 5 
Certified Public Accountant 5 
Certified Public Accountant Board Examination 6 
Schools Offering Accountancy in the Philippines 6 
Demand Courses in the next 3 years 7 
Philippine Accountants Demand Abroad 7 

Methods and Results 8 


The Survey 8 
Survey Responses 9 

Conclusion 15 

Work Cited 17 


 
 

 
Legaspi 2

Abstract 

This  research  paper  was  conducted  for  future  Accountant/CPAs  and  the 

aspiring  ones.  This  study  contains  facts  and  experiences  of  Accountants  and  CPAs 

in  the  Philippines.  As  such,  Accountancy  history  in  the  country  to  the  future 

demand  in  Accounting  professionals.  That  may  help  students  and  individuals  in 

choosing  a  course  to  take in college or thinking of shifting course. Accountants and 

Certified  Public  Accountants  are  the  lifeblood  of  every  company.  They  are  making 

sure  that  the  company  is  spending  right,  earning  and  progressing.  Accounting 

employment  is  projected  to  grow  10  percent  from  2016  to  2026,  faster  than  the 

average of other occupations due to globalization. (Accountants and Auditors). 

 
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Introduction 

This  aspiring  accountant  once  dreamt  of  being  a  cashier  operator  at  a 

grocery  store.  She  is  not  aware  that  there  are  lots  of  careers  that she could take in 

the  future.  Maybe  she  just  loves  numbers  since  that  young  age.  The beeping sound 

when the barcode is placed on the scanner as well as the sound of printing receipts. 

It  was  really  hard  for  her  to  finally  come  up  with  the  course  or  track  she 

would  take  when  she's  on  the  right  age.  Teaching,  Nursing,  and Bank Telling, these 

all  crossed  her  mind,  but  then  for  the  love  of  numbers,  she  now  wants  to  be  an 

accountant. 

Accountants  like  her  cousins  are,  she  wanted  to  be  one.  They  helped  her  to 

be  in  the  same  track  as  them.  They  inspired  her,  she  is  enjoying  and  accepting  all 

the challenges ahead of her way. 

This  research  paper  will  be  a  big  help  for  accounting  aspirants  like  the 

researcher.  In  this  era,  students  are  pressured  to  make  up  their  minds  for  college 

and  employment.  If  this  course  would  fit  their lifestyle, their credibilities and if this 

will  suit  them.  This would give them ideas and knowledge about what it has to be to 

become an accountant. 

 
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Scope And Limitation 

This  research  paper  is  written  for  accounting  aspirants.  They  either  maybe 

students  or  individuals  who  are  thinking  of  studying  numbers  and  financial  data. 

This  contains  information  about  becoming  an  Accountant  or  a  CPA  here  in  the 

Philippines or abroad. 

This  study  will  be  beneficial  to  students  who  are  considering  Accounting  as 

their  course  for  college.  It  will  cover  general  information  about  becoming  an 

Accountant  or  CPA.  Such  as  the  education  process,  to  what  does  an  Accountant 

does on a daily basis.  

Data  are  gathered  from  online  sources,  such  as  Ais-Cpa.com  and 

BusinessMirror.com.  CPAs  and  Accountants  are also interviewed, to gather primary 

information  about  the  profession.  Information  was  gathered  from  the  year  2014  to 

the  year  2019.  This  research  paper  will  not  fully elaborate on the process of being a 

Filipino CPA working abroad thus the possibility of becoming one.  

 
 
 
 
 
Legaspi 5

Review of Related Article 


 

Philippine History on Accountancy 

According  to  Christine  Bernette  David,  the  Philippine  Public  Accounting 

practices  started  on  the  year  1700s,  but  it  was  recognized  by  the  Philippine 

Government  by  March  17,  1923.  Through  the  Republic  Act  (RA)  3105,  the  Board  of 

Accountancy  was  created  and  vested  with  the  authority  to  issue  certificates  to 

qualified  applicants.  These  certificates  serve  as  proof  passing  the  tough  process  of 

becoming  a  CPA.  Starting  from  only  43  CPAs  from  1923,  to  over  a  hundred 

thousands  of  them  on  today’s  time  the  Act  had  several  changes such as (1) adding 2 

subjects  for  the  board  exam,  (2)  the  applicant  must  be  a  Filipino  citizen  and  does 

not  have  been  convicted  to  any  criminal  offense  and  (3)  in  addition  to  the  75% 

passing rate, the applicant must not have any grade below 65% in any subjects. 

Certified Public Accountant 

A  CPA  or  a  Certified  Public  Accountant,  is  an  accounting  professional  who 

passed  the  CPA  board  exam  and  finished  all  the  education  and  work requirements. 

(Boyd).  A  Certified  Public  Accountant  is  a  trusted  financial  advisor  who  helps 

individuals,  businesses  and  organizations  with  their  plans  and  financial  goals.  They 

create  and  audit  financial  statements,  prepares  different  client  tax  forms  from 
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property  tax  to  income  taxes.  They  are  recognized  as  well-respected  strategic 

business advisors and decision makers. (FAQs-Become a CPA). 

Certified Public Accountant Board Examination 

As  per  the  Philippine  Regulatory  Commission’s  (PRC)  mandate  on overseeing 

different  professions  in  the  country,  the  Republic  Act  9298  of  2004  requires  an 

aspiring  CPA  to  take  a  written  technical  examination  to  measure  each’s 

competence  and  evaluate  if  the  applicants  are  fit to the profession. This is required 

for  anyone  who  is  to  practice accountancy as a profession. Due to the modernity of 

technology, it became easier to apply for the examination. (Cruz). 

Schools Offering Accountancy in the Philippines 

Based  on  the  latest  Certified  Public  Accountant  Licensure  Exam  conducted 

last  2018,  the  following  are  the  top  5  schools  with  overall  scores  on  board  exam 

performance,  accreditation,  and  faculty-student  ratio.  With  an  overall  score  of 

83.95%  and  167  total  number  of  takers,  the  De  Lasalle  University,  Manila  ranked  1 

with  148  board  passers.  The  institution  is  accredited  as  the  Center  of Excellence in 

Accountancy  by  the  Commission  on  Higher  Education.  In  the  other  hand,  the 

University  of  Santo  Tomas  obtained  an  82.48%  overall  score.  Out  of  the  471  total 

number of examinees, 353 passed. (23 Ranked Best Accounting Schools). 


Legaspi 7

Demand Courses in the next 3 years 

As  the  K-12  Curriculum  has  been  implemented  in  the  Philippines,  students 

are  now  to  choose  what  track  they  will  enroll  that  is  should  be  in  line  with  the 

course  they  will  take  in  college.  According  to  a  website,  students  should  as  well 

consider  environmental  factors  and  the  economic  situation  of  the  country.  On  the 

report  of  ABS-CBN  News,  based  on  the  government’s  economic plan, a big demand 

for  Engineering,  Architecture,  Accountancy,  and  Vocational  course  graduates  will 

be  given  special  attention  for  the  following  years.  Focusing  on  Accountancy,  the 

Philippines  will  be  needing  graduates  of  sciences,  business  management,  applied 

math or statistics. (Hernandez). 

Philippine Accountants Demand Abroad 

The  number  of  Accountants  and  CPAs  are  expected  to  grow  in  the  coming 

years.  This  is  due  to  the  demand  for  Filipino  Accountants  demand  in  the  ASEAN 

Countries  continues  to  grow,  according  to  Alex  Malley  an  Australian  CPA.  “​Filipino 

accountants  are  servicing  the  requirements  of  not  only  Filipino  businesses,  or  the 

needs  of  the  country,  but  also  the  needs  of  our  neighbors  in  the  world,”  Joel 

Tan-Torres  added.  There are Filipino CPAs that are currently working in the Middle 

East, Singapore, as well as the United States. (Talavera). 

 
Legaspi 8

Methods and Results 

 
To  gather  credible  and  accurate  data,  aside  from the related articles that are 

studied,  the  researcher  conducted  a  survey  to  five  professionals  in  the  Accounting 

Industry. 

The Survey 

Survey Questions 

1. Where did you study Accountancy? 

2. How long did it took you to graduate? 

3. What made you choose Accountancy? 

4. Where are you currently working? 

5. What are your past job positions? 

6. Do you think your wage is reasonable to the work given to you? 

7. How much is your average take home pay every month? 

8. What  associations  or  organizations  are  you  in?  (Career  or  Non  Career 

Related) 

9. What does an Accountant/CPA do? 

10. Is Accountancy as profession? Why do you think so? 

11. What is the role of Accountants in a company or firm? 


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12.   How  did  Accountancy  related  organizations  helped  you  while 

studying/working ? 

13. Are  there  challenges that you’ve encountered while studying/working? What 

are those? 

14. How beneficial are seminars to accountants? 

15. What are the benefits of taking and passing the CPA Board Exam? 

16. How would you describe the CPA Board Exam? 

17. What is your favorite thing being an Accountant? 

18. What is you least favorite thing being an Accountant? 

19. Do you have plenty of time for your hobbies? 

20.Is there a lot of opportunities for growth in the industry? 

Survey Responses 

The  survey  form  is  answered  by  5  professionals.  Three  of  the  professionals 

are  Certified  Public  Accountants  working  at  Gatmaitan  and  Associates  as  Junior 

Auditors  and  Junior  Accountant.  The  fourth and fifth professionals are Accountants 

currently  working  at  ALDA  Accounting  Services  and  Accenture  Inc.  as  Junior 

Auditor and Accounting Manager. 

 
What made you choose Accountancy? 

Kevin Espiritu - love of numbers 

Fevi Coronel - Family 


Legaspi 10

Erika  Dio  -  ​My  sister  asked  me  what i want in college I said i want something about 

business and she said why don’t i take BSA and i answered why not. 

Monica Baragenio - Family 

Charlz Mascardo - Result of NCAE 

 
What does an Accountant do? 

Kevin Espiritu - prepare fs 

Fevi Coronel - Bookkeeping, Reporting and Tax Compliance 

Erika Dio - To Audit 

Monica Baragenio - Taxes, Financial Reporting  

Charlz Mascardo - Tax Compliance 

What is the role of Accountants in a company or firm? 

Kevin Espiritu - prepare fs 

Fevi Coronel - Lifeblood 

Erika  Dio  -  To  Audit  and  help  decide  the  company  in  decision making that involves 

money 

Monica Baragenio - Report 

Charlz Mascardo - The binding force of the company to the government. 

How did Accounting related organizations helped you while studying or working? 

Kevin Espiritu - group study 

Fevi Coronel - They help in inputs 


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Erika Dio - it helped me to be competitive and be familiar in corporate world. 

Monica Baragenio - Reporting 

Charlz Mascardo - They provide studying aides. 

Are  there  challenges  that  you've  encountered  while  studying/working?  What  are 

those? 

Kevin Espiritu - yes. Not enough money 

Fevi Coronel - Time Management 

Erika Dio - Lack of time to study during exam week 

Monica Baragenio - Time Management 

Charlz  Mascardo  -  ​Yes.  The  school  set-up  of  accountancy  is  different  in  the 

business. 

How beneficial are seminars to accountants? 

Kevin Espiritu - ​very helpful 

Fevi Coronel - ​Very much 

Erika Dio - ​It help you to be updated because every now and then PSA is changing.  

Monica Baragenio - ​Help in updates 

Charlz Mascardo - ​Very much, they keep us updated in the field. 

What is your favorite thing being an Accountant/CPA? 

Kevin Espiritu - ​helping others 


Legaspi 12

Fevi Coronel - ​Tax Compliance 

Erika Dio - ​You never stop learning.. 

Monica Baragenio - ​N/A 

Charlz Mascardo - ​Every situation is different. 

What is your least favorite thing being an Accountant/CPA? 

Kevin Espiritu - ​they think you’re rich 

Fevi Coronel - ​Overtime work 

Erika Dio - ​They take so much of your time.  

Monica Baragenio - ​N/A 

Charlz Mascardo - ​The stereotyping of being good in math. 

 
 
Legaspi 13

Fig.  1  :  Based  on  the  data,  when  asked  if  their  take-home  pay  per  month  is 

reasonable  to  the  work  given  to  them,  20%  of  the  professionals  are  not  satisfied 

with  their  wages.  80%  of  the  professionals  thought  that  their  wage  is  enough  or 

maybe enough.  

 
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Fig.  2  :  Talking  about  how  would  these  professionals  describe the CPA Board Exam, 

40%  of  them  agreed  that  the  exam  is  somewhat  difficult.  Twenty  percent  of  the 

responses  said  that  the  exam  is  not  difficult  at  all  and  the  other  40%  describes the 

exam as difficult and very difficult.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Conclusion 

The  researcher  learned  throughout  the  research  study  that  Accountants  are 

very  flexible  in  their  industry.  As  the  economy  of  the  country  increases  then 

decreases,  the  new  trends  in  the  services,  the  growing  technology  and  etc.  these 

made  the  Accountants/CPAs  never  stop  learning  while  working.  She  thought  that 

an  Accountant  only  audits  the  financial  account  of  a  client  but  there  are  a  lot  of 

things  that  they  are  also  working  on  such  as  Bookkeeping,  Tax  Compliance,  and 

Financial  Reporting.  There  are  as  well  different  positions  a  CPA  can  apply  for 

starting  from  the  entry-level  jobs  to  Advanced  Positions  and  for  the  non-passers. 

They  are  also  paid  fairly  and  reasonably  to  the  workload  given  to them. Their wage 

is  above  the  minimum  wage  and  for  those  who  passed  the  CPALE,  their  wage  can 

triple.  

Being  Accountants  are  able  to  help  individuals,  and  companies  with  their 

financial  decisions  make  the  job  more  interesting.  The  only  thing  that  made  the 

researcher  think  twice  about  the  career  is  that  Accountants  do  always  have 

overtime  works.  There  is a season when they are very busy that it can take so much 

of their time for their other interests.  

Despite  these  odds,  the  researcher  still  wants  to  pursue  the  said  career. 

Rather  taking  a  step  back,  she  is  more  challenged.  She  asked  another  additional 
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question  for  encouragement  and  the  responses  made  the  researcher  determined. 

With  persistence,  doing  your  best,  keeping  on  learning  and  with the support of the 

people  around  you,  these  professionals  made  it  these  far,  and  they  guarantee  that 

many do it as well. 

 
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Work Cited 

Boyd, Kenneth W. “What is a CPA (Certified Public Accountant) And What Do They 

Do?” Accounting Institute for Success, Accounting Institute for Success, 

2019, ​https://www.ais-cpa.com/what-is-a-cpa/ 

David,  Christine Bernette C. “Accountancy then and now” Business Mirror, Business 

Mirror,  18  March  2018, 

https://businessmirror.com.ph/2018/03/18/accountancy-then-and-now/ 

Tan-Torres,  Joel  L.  “New  Accounting  tracks  forthcoming”  Philippine  Accounting 

Updates,  Philippine  Accounting  Updates,  24  August  2016, 

http://philcpa.org/2016/08/new-accountancy-tracks-forthcoming/ 

Hernandez, Zen. “What course will be  in  demand  in  the  next  5  years?”  ABS-CBN 

News,  ABS-CBN  Corporation,  6  May  2017, 

https://news.abs-cbn.com/business/05/05/17/what-courses-will-be-in-d

emand-in-the-next-5-years 

“Average  Entry-Level  Certified  Public  Accountant  (CPA)  Salary”  Payscale,  Payscale 

Inc., 

https://www.payscale.com/research/PH/Job=Certified_Public_Accounta

nt_(CPA)/Salary/0b20287c/Entry-Level 

“What  does  an  Accountant Do?” Top Accounting Degrees, Top Accounting Degrees, 

2019, 
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https://www.topaccountingdegrees.org/faq/what-does-an-accountant-do

/  

“Accountancy”  Philippine  Government  Commission,  GovPH, 

https://www.prc.gov.ph/accountancy  

“Republic  Act  No.  5166”  The  Lawphil  Project,  The  Lawphil  Project, 

https://www.lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra1967/ra_5166_1967.html 

“​23  Ranked  Best  Accountancy Schools in the Philippines for 2018” Local Pulse, Local 

Pulse,  ​2019, 

https://www.localpulse.net/education/top-schools/23-ranked-best-accou

ntancy-schools-in-the-philippines-for-2018-19527/ 

“​Frequently  As​ked  Questions  FAQs  -  Become  a  CPA”  American  Institute  of  CPA, 

Association  of  International  Certified  Professional  Accountants, 

https://www.aicpa.org/becomeacpa/gettingstarted/frequentlyaskedquesti

ons.html  

“Occupational  Outlook  Handbook,  Accountants  and  Auditors”  Bureau  of  Labor 

Statistics,  U.S.,  Department  of  Labor  ,  12  April  2019, 

https://www.bls.gov/ooh/business-and-financial/accountants-and-audito

rs.htm 

Talavera,  Catherine.  “Regional  and  global  demands  for  Filipino  CPAs  on  the  rise” 

The  Manila  Times,  The  Manila  Times,  17  November  2016, 

https://www.manilatimes.net/regional-global-demands-filipino-cpas-rise-

2/297067/ 

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